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"JOHN FROST"-A CHARTIST DRAMA
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Cftartt'ct $nttXlin(nte
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" ^^^ To'MALLEy , OF * HE DUBL 1 K -CHABTIST ASSOCIATION , i . Hig h cock-a-lonm jig , jia nin who has no hair ji » y ta-wfally wear a irig . " wt DBAB O'HALiii , —I offer the above u &n ap-^ goBiXe motto for Irish agitation ; and is it not aa SseMit a » tfce new Usne fresh from the mint— "The ^ ttUo WBUBJ tt crime streagtbem the enemies of bis Mostry ?" n-jiaOej , * ben patriotism i » run to bo d »» a ahlftas _ dressing of truism * in ad eaptaadttm phrasej— tb » patriot * themselves must be hard ran .
Xcrr pni ffi 7 motto upon the bare pole , the naked -o a ^ ' the bilaiesd of Irish patriotism , and there is tonM masning in & K eoren the naterinam , at all tj » & , is troth , my friend , the motto is not & wk more ltdierons than the recent tmmftwitng addres * -nxBBins H&b * ***" & to address you . ( y ^ ng , I hope yon haTe read from " firstly" to " eirfrf e ^ tay - of the last patriotic exhortation to the j ^ gofaing , never-thongbt-of people of Ireland . I j ^ pe job hive read Mr . O'Connell ' s aceompanying giBjUe , » d that I am "rriiing to one who will hare ms b oti sides of the question when he has read thii
user . If erer the Tefl » f sophistry -was thrown oTer , m ottntain of iniquity ; if erer a bit of OOUTt plailter —z app lied U mortal wound ; if ever retreat was iggpfoi fey a coward general ; if ever extinguisher was BBt mon a light , we hare all here . Here we have the ja , the -well-known orange antl-Catholie feeling dressed „ ^ flaming language , and bedecked in new plumage , H » cov-dock to lnre tte V * ? 19 tiom 8 * ~ of reaI eJenaees snd from the pursuit of the real malefactor . 0-Malley , v&b there a Catholic in Ireland who was gotiware thai Sergeant Jackson , one of the patriots ef tee Orange KDdsre-street School , sod the Orangejhb Litton , rereas strongly tinged with anti-Catholic n-jia&ce as men could be ? Was there one man in
IkIibu ighm zA of the &ct that , all such partians —n , when promoted to the bench , uncontrolled , Bare \ n popslar opinion and the Terdict of a jury of Iri&h-JEO ( nbo , according to their faith , were as deeply ( if OnagaMa ) dyed in prejudice as the Judge himself ? li tije &e& discharge of their wzath , tken , a sufficient iuti&xDOD for nakixg snch a paltry display a subterfegefor smothering the Repeal cry " for the present " Jb order that all attention should be directed to the sen important consideration of how to dispose of jvkwiii and Litton ' s bubbling froth . ? and , obme , instead of being heightened by having B * asetion of the leaders of their party , Mi o * Cozmeli is oUiged to eke aegattre conclusions
od of suppositions premises . He argues thus : — " True , Feel and Stanley , and the leaders of the fte&ss , did not support , or appear to countenance the Bssssre , and , therefore , we an to presume that those jxraaTere cogr " ' ?* - " * of , and appro red and sanctioned 4 be procewjings . " Strange lofic that , and practice Tery £ fe ? Bt to that heretofore charted against the whole he&m ; namely , that -wherever s blow was aimed at Irelsrd , or at her religion , it was sure to muster all the itrsn ^ ti of | he an&Irish party . Howerer , we find fee Tery same conclusion aznred at , from diaa ^ aeally oj 5 > osile preHiisei Aad , now , is it not tteiccSo'lj to set & n&Men so hood winked as to suppose fe enliehteoed portion c « pabl « of being led away
by the assertion that the oft-repeated rhapsody of a Scotch , fanatic , echoed by / a pair of Irish fanatics in quest of prey , is eren more important than Stanley ' s EH , Thick , a few days since , was " the most important mmbib era proposed for th » eansiderstion of Irebod ; ' IB& does not this Male of bnpoitance , each new badect increasing in magnitude according to its in-Bpi&esnce , and all out-topping Repeal in immediate dmand , serTe to make ererj honest man look with contempt , and erery knare with suspicion , upon the snuH amount of impoztaaes -which Mr . O'Connoil attuhes to the question of Repeal ? In short , he ie » ps it « jnT £ aienUy in the larder as a cold dish , to ran to when in a hurry .
£ st now , ay friend , let us see if , upon this hasty change , I can break another of fiction ' s wares upon my little rock . M&rk my reasoninf , then , O'Mattey , and foH « w me calmly step by step . I h&Te already proTed that moral force being relied upon for iae aecomplisfriaeei of Repeal , it became the panmonot duty of tee Jtepealers to steeagthen their most tffiasnt force ij augmenting their embers in the Souse ot Cosmicos .
I u&Te shDTn ihsi . one of the great sxd just causes d Irisk dissatMactioa , and hex demand for a natiTe PaiiaJBent , was churck abuse , and bet tadable anxiety to be fevered of the -galling tnmmels « nd xmjust impoaidens of a Law Church adxerse to the national && . This being 21 fact , wcicb none can denj or eTea jiaa ^ t to difpnte , H-equally follows , bs In the case of lepeal , thit the « zti-titlie and asti-churcb . party < fes » id h » Te been stwazthened in theHeuse oflCommons .
ifohtn § this fact , then , I presume that -no man of ocsaoa sense wiH deny that the bold , the fair , the Bnly , and sore wsgr towards its * ocomplisttment , - was if &S Irish Ca&olic p&ople Hfwiing members < jt 8 » own persuaswn to represent 4 hem ; thtreby , at se , grring England themost conctesire and unerring }*« £ of aiti-tithe and anti-State Church feeling . This » itihsjr coarse , fctir only course , if they hoped to gain *** tt gth , respect , and power , for their party ; and 10 * Jet ns see in txayr far they ttare pursued that
G'MiSleT , no-w-obserre that , by tke late address , the * 4 a of the gsse of thimble-rig ku been completely »«» 4 . We asked for Repeal to abolish tithes , bat Se pea has been taken from under the Repeal , or polifial , thimble , and placed under the anti-Cafcbolie ^^ Me . Difi the ebullition of feint Co ! qnboun , or ** aUon of Jackson and Litton , take Mr . O'Connell Bf sarprise for one must really thiak so . 1 = 4 bs sow see in ho-w far the English House of Com-*»• is warranted in taking the IrisharexBion to tithes ** * pR&renoe for their own religion , for granted , from fie « ir data by which toey can judge , namely , the aaE cf Catholic Members in the House . And bear
a Bind , that a complaint haB been made , by the saints , * 4 e admission of Catholic Members at sU ; and that •* & increase must necessarily alarm tiiem , weaken " ^ » nd strengthen the Catholic party . te cs see , taen , in how far the moral force of Irelacd k ^ st rengthened upon this sow more important ^ j&n than Repeal itself . The Catholic party , sinee 3 ^ lost in Kerry , Chailts O-C-ounell ; Cork , I > r . * a » ia , John O'ConneH , and Daunt ; , in Tipperary , ^ » ad Sonayne ; in Kilkenny , Finn * and Solli-ran ; Z ~* f Onnty , Fitzsimon ; in Queen ' s County , £ ** Pat LsIot ; in Carlow , Blackney : in Clare . mai
^* & . Jan . ; ia Waterford , Galway ; in Dublin , c ; in Drogheda , O'Dwjer ; la ileath , M . r ^ l ; in Wexford , Lwnbert ; in Newry , Brsdy ; i ^™ * ' O'Remey . Xow , O'ilaUey , aere are ^ T oa . Vaad- « ut Catholics gone in a sweep , many ^ ^ ea sopped off , and replaced by Protesi ^ fcid although you hare got a . few k ^ Ja the place of some , yet , are they { jjj ^ T ^ lies- in name , while you haTe a g ^^^ alent for the" new batch in treasury—Right ^^ abfes , and Baronet * , and expectants ; so that ** » a 3 iOtt m ° re tta ° twentJ c * ttolic Members , wa eTery cme of whom mirfit ha . va TetainM hi »
^ hH * * ' ^ X * 10 **? ° f ^ e antoerat got rid of >^ a aetaal fear of being preaed on to a re-** w < £ Irehma '* P ^ <* "He * from an » ntfc ^ T ~ ^ umreh ; wMle other * were bought , like any 1 » ~*? ***** "i *« ttleai » rket « ad . om « 1 acketedf (« « bj * tmwn 7 PenB ; and this i » 4 fee progression ^ u ^* tittw fediB « ^ the House of Commons . * a&skll " 001111611 '* stren 6 Ttaened Portion to meet ^[ j * !^ greaUi than that of Stanley ' s Bill , and , l ** tentous and full of jloomy asjwct , u to ^ °° » erea Repeal itsrif ! ^^ BirMead , , I proTeto you that eTery ho « ert JTr *> * aderery sincere Uthe-aboIitioBist . aad Iotbt
j ^^^ c Ireland , has be « i damned 0 % cut off , h ( « e ~ Lr 8 htenfid off , bought off , or promised off , fcejnj ~! r ^ meMn rt « should neTer pass , but that k * Tj * ° « aay be alwaj , profliaWe . iip ^ j r * y ° u tiTe had one discuamon Bpon the ^ aothS '? 1011 1 " ^ for 8 e 7 en Jeu > ^ ^^ *« B , in fc ** ^^ abolitioB ° * tithes , or nothing ^^ ea om ° tith 8 S Ut to fa 5 tea them ' ^ « *«« 4 eB J , entT'&Te P * o ^ k . for erer upon the ^^^ i P ° confldin & tmt lM * dwinked , % J * ° T Outnpeasaeh dastardly rascals , such fej ^ P ^ ota , Rich deno « ncers of abuse , and fat-OitSj ^? * ^ ' T hearts' blood ! *^ jS ^ v ° tGi 6 b 0 ae ' Hume > "d many more "Wo-MA pato * . te against the Bepeal , and
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were they not denounced ? nay , did not many who fe * Te since been recommended u patriotic Members , actually-rote for ti » Coercion Bill ? and thU is Irish patriotism 1 CPMalley , do 70 a imagine that either Athton Yates or Gisborne sit for nothing in their easy seats ? if you do , you are a greater fool than I take you for . Now , we come to an obserration or two upon Mr . O"Connell's mode , proposed on Sunday last t \ the Corragb , tor gaining agricultural support in aid of a repgal of the Union . He says , •« tiiat « ne object which he always had in view was to ensure compensation for the outgoing tenant , for any monie * expended during his tenancy . "
I \ ow , my friend , what has he done to effect this ? HOW could hfi effect it ? And has he takes the proper means to secure it ? He has done nothing ; he can do nothing , except by gifing every man a Tote , whieh will be bia title deed , but which he baa opposed with all his might and strength . Does he not know that the Doke of DeTonshire and many otherlarge landed proprietors , hare I « ng since acted « pon this plan . » Let me tell you the only method by which it can be accomplished ; by taking away the power of distress from the landlords ; by gifing the tenants leases for rrer at a corn rent ; and by simplifying the law of ejectment , which -would then be a dead letter—u no Irishman , with a lease for eTer , would bt « ow © one shilling arrears .
But while he thus nibbles about tie edges , how does he propose to secure the poor tenant during his possession * for , mind , he is only to be compensated at the expiration of his lease . Why he proposes t » repeal the Corn Laws , withont giving to both tenants and labourers a rote by which they could obriate the infliction of the whole pressure upon the poorer classes ; and which would , of necessity , Bed of a certainty , drite 50 » ^ 0 M farmers , large and small , and , at least , 500 , 1 * 0 labourers at once from tha Irish , fields to the English rattle boxes ; and this is compensation But , O'M alley , in all the compensation , I never heard of file p » or labourers * compensation . Alas , my friend , I fear they they are not , poor fellows , able to fork out ta the new Patriotic Fund .
Now , dont you know , perfectly well , that eTery Irish landlord is oTer head and ears in debt ? Dou't yoa know that eTen , if willing , they Would not be able to make an abatement commensurate with the reduction upon grain consequent upon a Repeal of tbs Corn Laws ? Don't you know that if Wheat was selling for 10 s . a bag instead of 25 s ., according to which price a bargain may hare been made , that , the landlords w « uldhaTe the goose , the blanket , the pot , the settle , the three-legged stool , and eTerything upon which they could lay their hands , and that batch after batch of tenants would be broken , and labourers starred , while the ship was righting , and , while rests were finding their " leYel , according to the newly stamped raise , and which , at the end , could only be accomplished by Unirersal Suffrage .
Them , again , see , O'Malley , how he has sold the English Leagve , upon the qsestion of the Corn Laws . He tried to get up funds and a national conrention to sit in London ; but he failed , and then he said , " 0 your party is too weak ; you must giTe it up . " And haTing drained and starred the artisans and operatiTSS in the Irish towns , and finding , through t&e priests and little landlords , that the Irish people were against being transported , in quest of work , to England , by a repeal of the Corn Laws , he throws the English overboard , and is silent , wholly silent in Ireland , upon the great question of " 0 , above all , give thepeopU dh « ap f « od "
N « w , O'Malley , I am a sincere adrocate for the repeal of the Corn Laws , but conditional upon SUCh a power being Tested in the hands of the people as will preclude any possibility of a nation being either driTen to reTolution , into subserviency , or starration , while hasty necessity shall be furnishing hasty stop gaps for erexy fresb occurrence , instead of at onoo commencing at the right end—Universal Suffrage , This his new scheme may , for a season , be found a means of chousing the miserable pence out of the pockets of th » miserable little farmers , and , when that fails , as repeal and abolition of tithes h » Te failed , and when Sergeant Jackson and Mr . LiUo * lose their bnggabooism , wkat are we to hare next ? That ' s a nice question , and one for irelt&d to answer .
Confidence and hope may , for a season , produce calsB and reconcile suffering ; but , once destroy that , and public wrath bursts forth like a Tolcanic eruption , aad sweeps away all beCee * it . The gams played in IreUod k * a been one wholly BUbrersiTe of popular liberty sad right . Moral force has been preached , whilst a -standing army « f spy police has been established , in readinass to Bappreas that outburst of general ksdignatitn which is sure to follow the disappointment that " now threatens Irelaad . You nay take my word for it , eTeu the Rtpaal wardens and pacificator * , association patriots , ani the Liberator , will shortly be dragged before the tribunal of enraged public opinien , and then the object of establishisg the spy force will be manifest ; it is the reserre it the last hope of tbe moral force patriots .
Sow , my friend , while I Sm up » n the subject of physical force , reliered from exciting scenes of misery , pjodaeed by its unjust application—while I hare time tor deep reflection , and after haTing well considered the satgeet , apart from the world's controlling power , either one way or the other—not afraid of losing pepularity by denouncing , npon the one hand , nor of incurring the cenasre of s ' ayes by adTocating it on the other : with sash preparation to meet my subject , then , I
unhesitatingly pronounce the man who denies a people ' s rigi * to use physical force , as a means , of redressing gr ieTances , when the majority agree that such grievances are beyond the honourable endorasce of Ervemen , and when they haTe ineffectually tried fair , continuous , and constitutional moral means for persuading their rulers to redress those grieTances—the man , I say , who upon such emergency , denies a people ' s right to purchase freedom at tae risk of life , is a coward , a tyrant , and a mere sales-master of broken hearts and subdued
spirits . Iscot the English Revolution of UBS ailed " glorious »" and iras it not preceded by all moral appliances before the c « urt would yield ? Mark , O'Malley , in my letters , the distinction which I shall always draw between the court and the monarch . ETery monarch ¦ wh o has lost station , throne , or head , baa been the Tictixa of the court , and never of popular fury or reTenge . ¦ Has not the French R « Tolution of 1792 and 1793 been called ' . ' glorious ? " and was not all moral energy and persuasion exhausted upon the nobleae , before physical force -was reserted to , or before the monarch , and many of . the court more justly than the monarch , met their doom ?
Did not petition after petition , remonstrance after remonstrance , and warning after warning , precede the first shot fired for American Independence ? Did not Ireland , from 1782 to 1798 , laud the English Constitution and her Monarch to the skies , and merely demand , or rather beg to be admitted , inside her pale ? Well , then , if Washington had subscribed to any and all the moral means contrived by the Cabinet of London and Lord Cornwallis , -would it haTe procured American Independence ? and -whether is Washington considered a revolutionist , destructive , torch-and-dag ger-physical-force man , or a patriot ?
Although undigested opinions allowed a tyrant , in the turmoil of unsettled and sectional conflicts , to mar the benefit of the French revolution , yet hare not some of jour greatest statesmen and patriots ,-approved the principle and tht revolution ? and , had the Irish been successful , their revolution would have been considered as a noble and patriotic assertion of right and principle against might and despotism , while failure has given to it the name of treasonablejrebeliion . Such , O'Mailer , are my opinions npon tbe qaection of physical force . I hare roared them in the storm :
I now write them in the calm , while I still persevere in the opinion that our moral force is sufficient to carry otbtj just and reasonable object , if not / weakened by treason , or frittered away by art Tha slashing of moral doctrine * produces a political whirlpool , which irresistibly drags good , sealous , &ud B&nguine man into it ; they undertake projects as plots to meet counterplots , which they neTer would bare thought of , but to meet treason in their own camp on the threshhold ; ia fact , like the orchard man who plucked his apples before they were ripe , lest the thieves should be beforehand with him .
Physical foree seldoms breaks out until the people Use all confidence in their moral leaders , and until they find that they haTe either taken the first step in betrayal , or hare actually betrayed their cause ; they then lose the benefit of their moral energies bj being
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compelled , by thieves , to jjluct the fruit before if was ripe ; but who is to blame , the orchard mas or the tbieTes , the betrayed and outraged people , ot the betraying and outrageous leaden ? "Cumduaefatiuttt talia , qaid tan milites faeUnti " " When generals do such things , what may not the soldiers do ?" O'Malley , I think this it long enough for one letter , BO I shall conclude it and set about considering the Irish mode of gaining ledresa , . with it » expanoefl ; and the English mode and its expences ; and then we shall see whether Chartism , reriled Chartism , or royal loyal humbuggism is most likely to lead to peace and universal liberty , and make Ireland what she o « ght tobe . I am , your faithftl friend , Fsargus O'Cojixob .
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TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN . Madam , —In entering npon the important branch of the subject which now claims our attention , via . whether , and to what extent , our present system of prison discipline is calculated to promote or hinder the designs for which it professes to exist , it will be necessary for us to bear constantly in mind , the cause « f crime generally , in order that we may discern , with certainty and clearness , the defects , If any , of tha present system , and be able to provide a proper and effectual rexedy for such defects . We have seen that the Tarions classes of criminals
may be divided into three strongly marked and distinct classes , and -we shall discover , if we look well at them t ih&t no attempt at reform can be reasonably expected to succeed which goes < tpon the principle of applying one and the same system to all classes of offenders . This proposition might be demonstrated by a thousand arguments , but at present I will only mention one . . In a uniform system of prison discipline , the DlOBt gTOSS injustice -will , and most , in the very nature Of things , continually occur . Eren in felony , we can discoTer broad lines of demarcation which call for , not only ¦
difference in the duration , but also in the kind of punishment ; and this is-still more apparent tn cases of misdemeanour , yet , at present , J j » rdly any difference . exists as to the puishn 1 , ent of crime except ia the term of its duration , and „ © ten in this case , as I ahali prove before bringing V letters to a close , the duration of the penalty fc made to depend noi upon the moral turpitude , b A % frequently upon the rank or station , ot the offer idet > ^ j tj ^ too , in a manner at utter -rarianoe w ! ' tQ the dictates of sound policy , honesty , 01 oomnon ? jtame .
Not unfrequentlv hare your M- j $ ulf ' B Jodges condemned , fer fee high offence o ' f daring to think for themselTes , some of the best n ^ embers of society , to a worse than felon ' s doom , p ^ ^ i ng apon a i eYe \ ^ m , the dregs of the commuaity , Ksn whose characters as husbands , fathers , sons , ' orothers , workmen , and friends were uninipeachaW e . Ud v ^ on iy Btood at what , under a better sysU an , would be their country ' s bar , for opposing right , to might , the claims of the whole to the claims of . ^ faction , and the practical religion of loTe and go ^ will to the corert infidelity of hireling priests and p ' flarisaical profession .
This jb a fact , w * jCQ no one will dispute who bag paid the slightest attent- , on to public matters since you held the scsptre—I dare n ot say swayed it , for that has been done net by you , » ^ t by the Ministers in whon yon hare placed y our cenfidence , and who being as they were the ad > isers of the late king , ¦ it was , perhaps , not to be ¦« / ondered at , that you should , for a time , at least , co ; itinae in the station which you found them , bnt who a- ,-e known by the country , howerer ignorant you m » y Ve of the fact , to be the most base and "wretcbe / J ministry ever permitted to blast the prospectB , fdid ruin the true interests « f a great empire .
Our -whole system of criminal jurisprudence iskased upon , wrtng principles ; and to the eye of careful observation presents in every part of it a uniform want of uniformity , and a vagueness of definitive end or « 0 ject , to which it is not easy to find a parallel . Thus it is impossible to say whether the intention of the system is to reform the criminal , or to maintain the omnipotence of the law , ( it is rare , indeed , when these two objects are found together , ) but be which it may , nothing can be less calculated to effect eithar object . If it is principally designed to make the law respected , then its cabinet enactments , by which a great , that is to say , a rich transgressor , may
easily effect his escape , while he who w » uta gold , though ao may haTe innocence , character , and moral worth , may . be crushed to death , are especially calculated to bring it into contempt But if the prime motive of the rarious statutes for the regulation of prisons be the working out the reformation of the criminal population , then matters are infinitely worse ; asd we may safely declare that for one delinquent who leaves his cell a wiser and a better man , a thousand are let loose upon socitty , improved largely in their accomplishments most calculated to fit them for a renewed career of crime , to be terminated in a penal settlement , or ended at the drop .
The reason of ail tbis blundering is , that we only contemplate man as a machine , and net as the wiser ancients delighted to represent him , as a miniature worid . We haTe becsuie so perfectly sensible to the value of individual character , so entirely absorbed in the calculation how each is to be made a producing portion of the working mass who are employed for the purpose of keeping up what is called national greatness , and the meaning of which is the keeping up of class superiority ,
no matter at what sacrifice , that we entirely lose sight of the fact that the flesh and blood machines are not mere lumps of organised matter , but recipient tormB ol life , from our todatte Creator—that they were made to become images and-likenesses of him , and that it is in the'departure » f the human race from this end of their creation , that we must look for th « foundation of all those crimes which desolate and mat . th fair face of creation , and reduce our beautiful world into the condition of a desert
We need , Madam , and by and bye we shall have , a system of prisan discipline adapted to the exigencies of the case ; and possessing , amongst its multifarious details , a oneness cf purpose , and a uniformity of plan . This would secure great and manifest advantages ; we should then see mercy and truth meet together , and justice and peace embrace each other . Things would not then be as we find them now , when the law is indefinite , the executive often vindictive , and the sentence arbitrary in its character , and not uniform " even in its application . ¦
BeroTe proceeding into more minute detail , I will shortly explain the precise sense in which I employ the word made use of above—a onenesa of purpose , and uniformity of plan . By our present system , as I have already shown , it is impossible to know what object is principally sought by the operation of the law . Judging from facts , I shonld say that the specific object is the infliction . of punishment , from a vindictive feeling towards the offender , as a sinner against the the idol , the dominion of wealth . But the one sole purpose' of all laws should be the prevention of crime ,
and the one end of punishment the correction of . the offender . In proportion as this object is kept Steadily in Tiew ,-in the same proportion shsJl we be likely to legislate for man a « a rational and accountable agent ; as a being of high powers , add vast capabilities of improvement , and on whose individual perfection and happiness depend , the general perfection and happiness ot society . And , in proportion as we deviate from thii principle , we shall eTen fail in honest . endeaYonra t » do good , and shall adopt measures which can only increase the mischief they propose to remove . This is what I intend by oneness of purpose .
By uniformity of plan , I mean such a well arranged and judicious system of Prison Discipline as stall secure to all the due measure of security , sad of correctional suffering which the law has awarded to their offences , no matter what the rank or connections of the culprit may happen to be . Thus , if a man ix-cwrricted ot % crime , he should know with certainty . the punishment that will inevitably follow , and he should haTe no hope of ft remission of his sentence , o » any part of it , except is certain cases provided for by th » legislature ckoaen by
aid acting for the whole people . The maximum of punishment should be in all cases denned ; frequently eTery shade of it should be accurately marked ; sometimes the measure of the penalty might be l » ft to the discretion of the Judge , bat in no case should any punishment be inflicted other than what was pronounoed in open court With this system of uniformity the details must be and ought to be extremely Taried , but this would not militate at all against that uniformity . Every crime would be thus accurately denned , that is , eTery class of crime ; sad the sum who abed the blood of his fallow ,
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stole a sheep , or attended an illegal meeting , would be at once sensible of what he had to calculate upon , in ease of detection and conviction . He would be punished according to law , and not according to the despptloxejBlations of local magistrates , or the petty tyranny of turnkeys and gaol goTeruors . Pfermitme now to invite your Majesty ' s attention'to various authentic ftcU , IHustMtiTe of the state of our prisons m Ihey &t present exist , in thfe ao called Christian land . . - ¦• ¦ lam , Madam , - " $ < mr Majesty ' s faithful aid obedient subject aatdsflrrot , _ . „ ' WUMJL London , liareh l » , 1 * 41 .
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"THE CHARTIST LEADERS . ' * TO THB KDITOB OF THB " SUH . ' * Sm , —I find by your paper of Friday , iast , that you haTe got a new Correspondent in an M admirer , who » igns hia name " Charles BaKcwell . " - You head the docuraeEt "The CjuxrUsi Leadtrs , " and the first paragraph of your com apondenVs letter runs thus : — " Sir , —The truly Independent character of your own writings , gives me a hope t . tmi you will find a corner for this communication . ' Now , Sir , that o » e aollUry sentence damns your correspondent , because there is not one working man in England who looks , upon your writings in any other light than as somur ^ yarn twist ( and bad twist too ) for sale .
Your correspondent makes a wholesale attack upon O'Connor , ob . *« ,, M'Douali , Leachand Co .. because they will not »» ow Young and Co . to humbug the people ; and , f ^ mongst other things , he charges Feargus O'Conno * ' ^ th ma kiq « a profit of £ l , 5 » 0 a year of his paper . _; N ' ow , $ 1 ^ if k ^ a Man anxious for the liberty of l& ' j press , he should rejoice that we had so good a be jid for the honesty of the Star ; because , as to that , or aay Other paper , now duping the people , It is all 0 ut of the question . I hoped , Sir , that the profit of the Star was nearer £ 5 »» 0 a year ; because , approving of Its policy / good support would give me inoreasad confidence in its existence . ¦ ¦ .
But , Sir , for many years before Mr . O'Connor bad any paper , be advocated the self-same principles and in the self-same way , and , especially , with respect to the Cora Laws ; and , in truth , It ¦ is rather bard to blame Mr . O'Connor for opposing any alteration of the C « rn Laws in 1834 , unless accompanied with a complete revision and alteration of our whole system of taxation and representation , and to blame him in 1841 for defending , in his paper , whaf , in 1834 , he supported in parliament with his vote . But , Sir , in touching upon the question of pnfltfl , you have stepped upon most awkward ground . I recollect , in the spring of 1839 , Messrs . O'Connor , Rogers , and Whittle were appointed as a deputation to wait upon you to'AURHK'upon tebus for the insertiou of the Convention ' s reports layout truly independent paper . I was tken a member « f . the Convention , Sir , and I
attoll never forget the " heavy blow" which Mr . O'Connor gave you in his report of the interview . He fiald that you had agreed for so many columns of matter , on condition of ttls Convention taking , so many papers dmity at such * price . " But , " said Mr . O'Connor , " lest this should appear to savour of compromise upon Mr . Young ' s part , I am bound to say thai he contended for his uncontrolled right of comment ;* howerer , " continued Mr . O'Connor , " tee have a good guarantee aguintt violent abuse , mt > d , perhaps , <* couple of hundreds mere per day may work a constitutions change in tie Proprietor ' s judgment in favour of our principle * . " Nowj Sir , did you ever refuse a throe guinea advertisement , because adverse to your principles ,, and the refusal of which was sure to lose you a powerful advertising connection 1 I doubt nit ; while I can inforni you that Mr . O'Connor refused such a one from the'Cora Law Leatrue , who sent it with great pomp . .
Now , Sir , juat one word mere and I bare done . — Whether have the people best security in the integrity of a paper which , is able to . pay . its way , or in a journal , a part of whose daily expence is the wages of a prowler for stamps , who one day runs to the city to negociate loans npoa a prospectui of principle , another day runs to Downing Street with a message that a change of politics would better serve the purpose of the drooping paper , and insisting upon compensation for past services as a guarantee for future support FOR a considekatiqn ; upon another , bargains for advertisements and their price , aa the condition of advocating the advertiser ' s principles ; and , upon another day , offers to take poison , even Chartist poison , at so much per column ? Sir , of course I only charge the S «» with the latter venial offence , but are you not aware tfeat the othera are of frequent occurrence ?
Now , Sir , I beg to tell your admiring correspondent , that while many professed liberal journalists have made as much as from £ 5 , 900 to £ 2 » , « 00 a year , Mr . O'Connor , ot all who have ever yet appeared upon the stage , has been the ouly one wbo lias devoted any of the proee&ds to the people ' s cause , - and , while you liave never given a penny , aid insert comments upon Ms profits , he lias given thousands . Ami , Sir , knowing more about tbe whole concern than you and your admirer , I beg to state that my greatest confidence in Mr . O'Cumnor consists in the fact that , if be made £ 10 , OS a year by the Stmr he would spend that amouit , to the farthing , upon tae cause be advocates , while I regret to say that over liberality upon his part , even when the Star was at its highest , proves that the greater the profits of the Star , the greater are the difficulties of Mr . O'Connor .
Now , Sir , you publish that of which you know nothing ; t write only that to -which I oaa swear . In future , Sir , mind your own affairs , and begin by getting rid of your long primer type-fur leading articles , and , aboTe all , and before all , as your friend , Mr . O'Connell , would say , write something that some one an understand . ¦ - I am , Sir , VTour obedient servant , WihhiAU Hides .. Leeia , April 8 th , 1841 .
P . S . gir , while thousands of prostitute backs are making millions annually , by pandering to class prejudice and party interest , it is rather hard that you un » l your faction should deem seventy-ei ^ ht weeks of solitary confinement in a felon ' s prison , too slight punishment for the onjy man who line ever successfully' fpujht you with yont own - weapons , and in your own camp ; au-I that , in addition , you of all men , or any of your corrupt confederates , should cry out £ l , 5 «» a-year made of the people , oh J shocking . Sir , two columns per day of your shopkeeper *) ' advertisements would far exceed that sum , and which , against their will , the people are compslied to pay , as they truly pay for all . 1 trust , Sir , your admiring correspondent fails far short of his mark , and in future- tbat you-will mind J'OUr own business . W . B .
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LETTER FROM JOHN JONES , ONE OF THE BIRMINGHAM CHARTISTS , IN VAN
DIEMEN'S LAJsn . TO IHI EPITOR Of TUB KURTHEBJf STAB . SJB , —You woald mneh oblige the friends of the unfortunate young man , John Jonea , convicted for the late Birmingham riots , by inserting his letter . Hobart Town , Van Diemen ' a Land . Kind Friend and affectioiVaTB Bkother , — -I have taken the opportunity of writing these Hues to you , hoping , with tlie blessing of 6 !» il , tliey will find you in a good , state of health ; but , dear brother , I write to inform you , ami all my friends , of the great distress that I am in , aud all my fellow convicts , and I do sincerely hope that you , or some kind friend will take the trouble of Jttiiug Government know of my
situation , which I am not deserving of , as yon well know that I am here for a crime that I knew nothing of , and , if I had but justice' on my side , that villain , Rose , who swore false against me , would be in my situation fer perjory ; 'but if I had been guilty , why should I not have had the same trial as Pa vies , who was tried for the'Bristol riots , and was charged with the same crime as myself , as Government aad . tbe public must know that I am suffering for another man ' s crime ? and as writing to you , my dear brother , I hope you will not take it as an offence bfcme writing , to let you know a little of the usage which we poor convicts bave to juzdergo , while we are far away from our happy homes . - <
Dear Brother , —Ia the first place , what little meat we do have is what ia brought from other colonies , and of the animals that ( have died on the passage . The next is our water , which is not fit , for a beast to drink ; and then there are onr oTcrseers , who are OTer as , they will not allow us even to stand upright , nor to turn our heads daring the time we are at work , whicb is from six o ' clock in the moraing till half-past &ve in the evening . "We have our breakfast before we go out Uthe morning- to work , which is a drop of wheat water , a » d » pound and a half of brown bread , that serve * us the whole day , and if it rains all day , tfe must endure it till it is time to leava off work , and then we come to our barracks , and when we are
mustered together we march off to bed , which is a bed of straw , with bae blanket and one rug to cover us . Oar shoes , Which ar * supposed to last us four msnths , will not , wittn the greatest pare , last us more than two months ,- then we all go barafoet the remainder of the time ' . Thea there are the clothes that we wear , which bare to last as six mouths ; they are all off our bactBln a deal less time ; and every morning , when we rise from our bed of straw , we are in danger of getting Into trouble , as if it is but the look , it will make us liable to the severest of punishment , as that is all they look tor , on purpose to keep us » a long as they can on Government bands , and in the greatest of misery .
Dear Brother , as I am well convinced did GoTemment know the misery and punishment that we undergo , theyj would do something for us , I hope you will get my letter published , and perhaps , with your exertions , and those of a few ifrienda , as 1 hope they will n <*
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forsake me , will try to get some of my time off ; for , In the first place , I have got to serve two years in dose confinement , and then I most serre a master four years longer , and then for the next two year * 1 shall have half of what I earn , and then I shall gain an emancipation for four years , that is , my freedom in the colony ; : and after the expiration of that time , I sh * J , with the blessing of God , the greatest care , and the best of conduct , * e my happy home once »( gain ; but , asl say , it must be withthe greatest c * re > as there are but few that can return . . ' . . . ¦' . . ' - - . , . . ¦ .. -: ; . .. W conduct will doit I am determined to return ; and as I hope my poor aged and distressed parents are well , tell them not to meant Cor me , for they know that I am Innocent ; but CKid'B will be done , and may he pour down hla vengeance upon him who lias caused my misery . .. ' .... ' ¦ '¦ . ' . - . - , ¦' .. - . : . '¦ ' . ;
GWe my beat love to my sister and brothers , and tell them from me , that I hope they will not forsake their aged parent *; and , Dear Brother , I hope you will not take it a « an offence in asking you to send me a little money , as it would be the means of saving my life , for 1 beltere I cannot lire without some assistance . Though you have ! been a ' kind frieritL and I cannat expect bat little from you , bat if you would take the trouble of gpinjf to my sbopmates , and my friends , perhaps you may cMlect a trile for me , and do let me beg
of you to send as soon as you can . ' Ah I have wrote a letter to my parents and haTe nol eat it in the same way as 7 haroyhura , ao lam doubtfulthey will not receireit I hope you will allow them to see tbis , and that both yon and them will not forget a poor unhappy convict , who can see nothing but misery ; as I hare aent you the picture of the ship , which brought us to our destination on the 6 th day of July , 1840 ; likewise . a few Tersea which I composed , I hope you will let ny mother have them to keep in remembrance of me . ; :
My dear friends , as my paper ia full , I must bid you adieu ; good bye , and may you all meet with better luck than me ; this comes From your affectionate but Unfortunate brother , : ¦ ' . . John Jones , Convict of tbe ship Mandarin , Hobart Town , Van Diemen ' s Land . When forced to part from those we love If sure to meet to-iuorrow , We feel an anguish in our breast ; We drop a tear of sorrow . If what we feel ia mo severe ,
When we part for months or years ; Oh , what words can paint that tear When we part , perhaps for ever .
"John Frost"-A Chartist Drama
"JOHN FROST " -A CHARTIST DRAMA
" I ' ll fight , till from my bones my flesh be hacfc'd . Hang those that talk of fear . " Macbeth . This drama ia not so much intended to illustrate the characters of iho dfamolis persona in it , nor the insurrection at Newport , on which the plot turns , as it is an attempt to UluBtrate Chartism itself . Nevertheless , the writer has selected the chief Chartist Tictim to be the hero , and , so far as one Dot personally known to birn could know aim , be has endeavoured to make a true portrait of him , likewise of Shell . The character f Albion was originally meant to be a sketch of Vincent . Melbourne , Russell , aud' Normanby are caricatured ; but a Socialist , a teetotaller , a Corn Law repealer , a
parson magistrate , a policeman , and ottufes , are all brought in as repregentatiTes of their pecuimr classes . The Mrs . Frost of the play is not , however , the real Mrs . Prqet , nor intended to represent her ; the character is purely fictitious , or , rather , it was partly drawn from a near relative of tbe author . In short , the whole piece is a composition , in the artistic meaning of the wjord , made up of characters , incidents , and events taken sepajttely from the whole history of the Chartist motement , and dovetailed together . I chose the dramatic form , because I agree with my friend Elliott , that the theatre ( yet what theatre will bring this piece forward while the present cenaorahip exists ?) might be made the most powerful of state organs . "
Ignorance , prejudice , and apathy are the three great foes of Chartism . The Queen , Lords , and Commons are but petty foes , when compared with these . Until the first is enlightened , the second removed , and the last awakened , those who are clear from all , or divested of all , will continue to be the victims of those who are not . The pen , the press , is more wanted , and must be more used—had in greater requisition . It must be applied in every -variety of form and manner wit novelty . If one shaft fail , we must shoot another with more " adTised aim . " It is nqkin " much speaking "it is more in writing to benfut the causa The vices
and tyranny Of the aristocracy caused tbe French re-Tolation ; but the writings of Rousseau more than the speeches of Mirabeam , were tbe occasion of it I would not decry speaking , for some must hear , because they can't read , and some speak better than they write —speech , too , has a more electrical effect in rousing sympathetic action ; but the people are sot yet prepared for that . It is easier to apeak than to write , and we like it better ; but writing is a kind , of engraving on papar . " Words are but wind" —when we giTe them paper wings , tliey become . birds of the air , and carry the matter farther—keep it longer .
Nor is it money we want so much as spirit ; if money is the sole sinew of war , our enemies will win the battle , for they possess more ot it than we do . Enthusiasm would supply the wait of money , and be more than a matoh for it . But the people are mare backward in their own cause than others are for them . The leaders have been forced to fall back- * -they were greatly iu advance . The sympathies of the people for themselves are not sufficiently roused ; they don't rise for their rights—they lie supine under the feet of . tyranny . They ' require to be incessantly appealed- , to— -tlieir feelinis and understandings aw incessantly appealed ' to ,
and what do they answer ? It is not , yet time ! When , British slaves !—when will the last point of endurance be reached L Will the time always serve for you to be slaves ?—never to be free ? You all do know that the Charter is just—is your due ; you are fully convinced of that—instruction bus done its office ; what do you want further ? You want sentiment , p : is 8 io « , action , or you would uever see your benefactors taken to prison , by your tyrants , before your eyes . Engrave the Charter on your hearts , and let us endeavour to persuade the country as we would persuade an old , fond father , to his own good and to ours .
The play is dedicated to the " Frost , Williams , and Jones Restoration Committee , " to show them that , though I refused to become an honorary member » f their committee , it was not from indifference to the fat « of Frost ; but from a conviction of the UBelessness , nay , the desptcableness of petitioning thoS « -who bad banished him . What I would not stoop to do for myself , I would not do for him . Shame on the people of England , tbat Suffered such a man as Frost to be banished for ' loving them , to be baniabed by the things tbat bate them ; hut more shame would it bo for us t » kneel to those mocking creatures , and beg of them to let him come baok .- Oh , we are
fallen indeed ; or could they hinder him ? Frost must tbink us not worth saving . When Rienzi , "the last of the tribunes , " was banished by the aristocracy , the people made them call him back—nay , placed bim over their heads . But Englishmen are surely sank somewhat lower than Italian eunmshs . They aro not . merely indifferent to tbe Sufferings of themselves , their wives , and little ones ; but what is more , they are indifferent to the sufferings of those tbat suffer for seeking- . to remove their sufferings—they lack gratitude I well may they want gentroaity . ; All that was English in their character is gone—can they be called men ? ' *
Tyrants are kept in palaces—patriots are kept iu prison , —
" Shall it , tot shame , be spoken in these days , Or fill up chronicles in time to come ?" But the deeper our disgrace , the more honour there will be in redeeming ourselves . In the meantime" Bleed , bleed , poor country . ' Great tyranny , lay thou thy baals Biae , For goodnesa daresiabt check thee !" , I would ask , why Bhould being a friend of the people lead to Buffering and sacrifice ? Why should being their ememy lead to honours and emoluments ? Let the people answer . As for myself , I have had to flght both frien '( i 3 and foes , and I have ever found the jealousy of th © former , though fluttering , more fatal than the hatred of the latter . I appeal to the people , nay , to the parties themselves , if I have not always
preferred my brethren in honour ? as , indeed , I might well Ao , for I have been an idle . Chartist ; but net willingly so . Yet am I not a diainterested Chartist—I avew myself a _ moat self-interested one ; foe the cause is my own , as well as my country ' a ; Seeing that I must relinquish truth aud jastice ; I must relinquish honour awl honesty , my nature itself , before I can thrive under the present system . On the contrary , I ' must relinquish home , parents , brethren all for the Charter , and be an exile , without the sympathy that roaches Frost across the ocean . But if the stake fail here , it may hold for hereafter ; and , in the meantime , a virtuous man will seek no other reward , will need . no other than v ? hat bis owu virtue affords him . ' :
gfc ' . John Frost" has been written some time ; but could hot find a publisher . The chief Chartist publisher in London shrunk from the respoasibility , and that ia the reasoa why the author has taken it npon himself . He has put his own name npon the title-page , because none Other dared let his stand there . This must plead his excuae for tbe awkward manner in which the work is publialied , both as regards his own convenience and the purchaser ' s . Honours and profits he , seeks not—he has refused them , when offered to bim—he seeks but the interests of truth and bumanity « Johw Watkiws . London , No . 22 , Chadwell-atreet , Middleton-square .
Jew « . Christiah . —On Tuesday week , Hr . Einanuel , a Jew , was elected councillor for the ward of St . Thomas , Poi-tsmouth , by a majority of 33 ; the numbers for Mr . Emahuel being 117 , and for Mr . Price ( a Christian , and of the same liberal politics vritk his opponent ) , 84 .
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BIRMINGHAM . —CAaktist Meeting at Freh-MAn's-STftEBi .-r-The weekly meeting of' the members of th © National Charter Association was held at the ChartMf meeting room , Freeman-street , on Monday evening last . The ro » m was fitted tip for the fir * time- ynth seats , and well-finished rostrum , chiefly irongh Uie praiwvfDrthj ejertionfl of Mr . Barratt , of WhittaU-Btreet , and added m *« h to the gratification of tne ladies , for whom comfortable seats had been provided , doae lo ^ be platfoum . At eigkt o ' oloek % Mr . Thos . Go ^ dacre wm called to the chair , who . after briefly addressing the BaeetiBe , iif rodaced Mr . Martin , l » ie vf tfofrfhaikrtou house , ot Coirectipn . Mr , Martin delivered an able and s « ulstirrin /? addrftia in hia . naoal qnaini and humorpua style : in the course of which he drew a vivid pi « tu »
of the Bufferingi endured by the working classes ot this country , and then proceeded to comment M the latter signed VFwgttsO'Gdatfoltf published in last week ' s Star . He stated tbat he had bo iuten . - tion of interfering with ftfly . p ^ n ' a religious opinions * but from all tbat h * iad seen , since he had eor ae to Birmingnam , he thought ' Mr . ' O'Connor ' s letter peculiarly applicable to theipres ^ state qf sffajra . ie theugbt tba . t a Christia * ChartiBt Church wal liable to all the objections made to it in tti ; u able letter ; or , at least , the Cbartist Church at preseut xisting at Birmingkant , for it had proved itself * greater stumbling-block to the Chartist' cans * than any other church existing in the town . H * thought that there was a greater necessity for the
people to unite for . the purpose of delivering themselTes fr * m political bondage , than doing tha ,, as a Christian Chartist Church , which no other body of men could accomplish , namely , causinj division aud SlDUDOSity ^ when union of principle tad prerionelj exiBttd . Bat although every man bad a right toworship God according to the dictates of his owm conscience , he would ask them if they could point out a single instance in which the liberties of a nation were established by prayiog or preaching ! If the Chartist Church was used as a means for extending the principles of tbe Charter , and that funds were appropriated t « the dissemination of the political gospel ; if they exerted themselves to organise and unite the people against their oppressors , then he
should be inclined to give them eredit ; unfortunately , that was not the case . But , on the contrary , those professed Christian Chartists not only objected to join the National Charter Association , but set up the howl of illegality , in order to deter others from swelling the ranks of freedom . Bat he understood they were applying to Mr . Roebuek for his advioe . He would jrather go to the greatest Tory or Whig in the country , than seek the advice of Roebuck , Warburton , Molesworth , and the other sham-Radical emigration mongers . If the people of Eugiand —the toiling , suffering , and oppressed n ? illionsr-intended to be free , they should Bet about it iiko men , and not begin to form another sect , to be added ta the thousand and one already in existence . He was
one who never had , and sever would , blink sub sentiments . He would prefer seeing the blood-red banner of Revolution lifted on high , rather than behold the misery to whiok- the honest , virtuous , and industrious people of thii country were , subjected . ( Tremendous cheers . ) He would not willingly injure any man , or his property , but he was determined to lift up his voice against oppression , and gain freedom at any cost . ( Hear , and cheers . ) Let & 1 aen , then , who loved their fellowcreatures—who loved their wives and families—» rally round the standard of liberty , and join the National Charter Association . They had met , then , that evening not to find fault with any man's raligious creed , but to unite men and women , of all
creeds in one common bond , iu order , to deliver themselvea from the present murderous system . Mr . Martin continued for upwards of an hour , in a strain of the most ; impassioned eloquence , to show up the horrors and viUanies to which theUbouriag . clashes were , subjected , and sat down , amidst enthusiastic applause . A resolution , passed at the Christian CaartisJ Ckurch , was then read to tlie meeting , in which it was stated that the Charch party requested tbe assistance of the Association for the carrying out of the resolutions agreed to at the public meeting held on . the prerion s * Alonday . A long discussion took place on the subject ,. Mr , T .. P . Greem stated that the monies that might be collected in the Chartist Meeting Room would be forwarded to Leeds , in conformity with the plan
laid dowv by the letter of Mr . O'Connor , which had . been agreed to by tbe members of the National Charter Association . He thought it would be very tlifair to make the funds of the National Charter Association go to the support of men who did hot belong to that body . The following resolution was then unanimously agreed to : — " Resolved , that no person shall be recognised as the representative of this . Association who is not a member of the same . " A discussion took place with regard to the refusal of Mr . Collins to become a member of the Association , and it was ultimately agreed that as Mr . Collins would not agree to become a member of the National Charter Association , lie could not bo
recognized as the representative of the members of that body residing in Birmingham , and that they would etill hold the election of Mr . Martin to be valid . . Mr . T . P . Green stated , that as Secretary of FroBt ' s Committee he could state that Mr . Martin was their representative , being chosen by them ; Mr . Martin was also an honorary member , whereas Mr . Collins was not . A subscription was then entered into for the purpose of assisting the fund at Lev d * , aud a determination . expressed to forward their siiar 6 , on condition that Mr . Martin should , be . the acknowledged delegate from the Chartists of Birmingham . Tbe members of the Charter Association arc rapidly increasing in numbers since they entered the room at Freeman-street .
NEWTON HJSATH . —CoNDUcr op the Middlb Class towas-ds the WoBKiES . ^ The Ciiartists of this plaoe about a fortnight ago , invited Dr . P . M . M'Doua'll to'deliver a lecture on the " New Poor Law as contrasted with the old one , " to whicb be consented . The committee of management finding that their room would be too email for the occasion , applied to a certain cbtipn master who had repeatedly declared his detestation of the New Poor Law , for the use of an empty mill for the purpose . He promised them they might have it . They ( the committee ) thanked him and left with an understanding that all would be right . But alas . ' How changeable is man . They ordered a num ber of placards to be printed and circulated , giving publicity to the
intended lecture , and also sent ' a notice to the Star which was inserted . Tne consequence was that the excitement was great . All went on-very well-lor ten days ; just two days before the day on which the lecture was to have been delivered , the cotton master Bent foe the committee to-inform them they could not have the large room- which he had promised . They told him that they had' been at considerable expense in announcing : tho lecture . No matter , he had had with him some w ^ tr intelligent men who had assured him tbat the meeting was illegal , and therefore . be could not allow it to proceed . Tiiis completely- frustrated the . arrangements' of the working-men , for then it was too late , either to procure another room , or announce to the public
their disappointment . Sunday came , and people came thither from Proylsden , Openshaw , Askton , Stalybridge , -Hyde , Oldham , and Mauchester , to the number of more than a thousand . They repaired to the mill , but it was closed , after which they adjourned to the poor man ' s church , which would notbolri more than an eighthpart . of the people assembled .. Mr . Mahon , an rrish Chartist of the rifjht sort , was called upon to address them , which he did in a very sensible and eloquent style , aud ( ho people were remarkably peaceable and attentive , until a banditti of police came up and bellowed out the most insulting language , and ordered tbe people to disperse . They seized one by the Cpl / ar , and displayed other tokens of wishing to breedd row ; and
had the people been the / same way disposed , thegC blue bottles would have got a nice little ducking in the canal . Mr . Mahon said , he did not wish to act illegally , and would , therefore , conclude . They gave out a hymn , and sung , and then dissolved . The police , finding the man whom they had collared , offered no resistance , but on the contrary , told then ^ he would go with them , let him go . The committee are perfectl y aware how the trick has been managed . Tue . -middle class . JiaveitBen with , the cotton , master and big son JikewiBe , to the magistrates , prevailing upon them to prevent the meeting taking place . And these men are those who want .
or at least want us to believe such , to cram a large loaf dowa the people ' s throats whether or not . 1 - The cotton master , his son , and the middle olasa , never interfered , until they beard it ' waa it'Douall , the Chartist { and had it been some , canting parson , co opposition would hare been shewn , or had it been for a meeting for a one-sided view ; of the Corn Laws , the middle class -would nave been the foremost . But it is ail of a piece with middle-class . sympathy . : ¦ BOX . TOH . —PnisONEB » ' BHtKASB COMVBNTIOS , — On Monday week , at a p « blio aeeting held in . Ae Temperance Hotel , Nevvport-strept , Bolton , Mr . John Lowe in the chair , Mr . Richard Marsden wa « duly elected a candidate for delegate to the abow
CDsventjon . • . ¦ - . - . - ¦ . ' -:. ¦ ; .: x . N * w Association Room . —The Chartists haT » taken a eommodious room ^ No . 4 , Oxford-street , where they in future purpose conducting the business of the Association ' At the'firstmeeting heldfa tha above room , on Monday evening , during a desultory conversation , the conduct of our Bradford brethren , in attributing despotid intentions to the disinterested and suffering patriot , Feargus O'Connor , for merely suggesting tbe propriety of selecting a certain number from those he named as fit persons to form a convention , was freely animadverted on and justly
censured , particularly aa he had left it entirely optional with the country to choose whatever others might be deemed more proper . It was subsequently resolved to appoint an went from amongst the members fi » r the sale of the Northern Star , Chartist Traots , &c , tbe profits arising therefrom to be applied in furtherance of the cause—such as defraying Missionaries' expences , « fco . It is intended to sett these papers at the room No . 4 , Oxford-street , where the members and others friendly to tbe aaae may hare their trd « n attended to .
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THE NORTHERN STAR , ' ¦ ' 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 10, 1841, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1104/page/7/
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