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O'CONNOR ON THE FREE TRADE QUESTION.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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WOKCESTEB .-WHIG Pttkitt asd Libe-. bjujtt Exemplified . —The following was received too lite for our last publication . Wflde , the Whig Solicitor-General and prosecntor of Frost , Williams , and Jones , has started as a candidate for the representation of Worcester ? and one of his first acts of morality was , to open five or six public-houses for the purpose of brutalising the working people , The Chartists being determined that the people of Worcester should know the real character of the Whigs , Bent for Mr . George White , of Birmingham , who armed on Wednesday evening , and addressed a larg : veering in the open space of ground , adjoining the GreyhoHnd Inn , New-street . He denounced both Whigs and Tories as enemies of fbe people , and warned the poor voters not to be cajoled by the unmeaning words and high-sounding proof their
mises friends . He reminded them that wEither of tae factions would give the people their rights , and that their promises were not to be relied en . During the delivery of his address , he was frequently interrupted b y the Whigs , who kept op the old cry of " He ' s paid by the Tories . " He was leudly cheered by the working men , and was ultimately ordered to desist by the owner of the premises , who , of course , wanted to sell his ale . At Bight , the most disgusting scenes were exhibited . Hundreds of men , women , and even children , were to be seen reeling through the streets belching forthu Hurrah for Wilde I he ' s a Liberal ! " The peace-* ble inhabitants were kept awake the whole of the Bight , by the yelling and hooting of the drunken gangs , as they emerged from the open houses oT her Majesty ' s virtuous and liberal late Solicitor { now Attorney ) General .
BUSNZiET ? , —A Cobs Law Rk ? baxi > g Sai . nt . —A correspondent Bays that a few days ago , a poor widtw woman , with four imall children , went from Suunyside to Burnley , to a calico warehouse not forty yards from the Methodist Chapel , Keighley Gieen , to deliver ia to her employer four super cuts , each thirty yards ia length , and what did this Sunday Ssint and Monday Devil offer the poor widow for the weaving ? Hear it , ye who bawl on : for a Repeal of the Cora Laws , in order that our manufacturers can nndersell foreigners 3—just Jourpence ! One penny for thirty yards ! Foarpence for one hundred and twenty yards ! Ia a Repeal of the Corn Laws requisite to enable us to undersell
foreigners , when a poor woman , after having travelled a distance of seven miles from her loom to the warehouse , with scarcely food enough in . her body to sustain her on ker journey , is offered foarpence for one hundred sad tvreaiy ysrds oi guper cotton doth ! One penny each to carry back seven miles to her fatherless children , and this , tpo , effered by a Christian . ' Christian , did we say ] A demon rather . The poor woman indignantly refused to receive the sum , and told the Repealer that if she « ould live with weaving four cuts for fonrpence , and carry them backward and forward seven . mile ; , she could do without , and came away without it , — Correspondent .
KV . iSHIjyg . —Whig Ltbebtt or Conscience . —The following ease of Whig liberality , which occurred the other day , cannot fail to go far towards proving the right of that party to the term "Liberal " sometimes bestowed upon them by Baines hnd others . A few woolcombers , working at the house of Mr . William Rhodes , in Greengate , having observed , on Tuesday last , several yellaw flags sported aronad them from different buiidizi ^ s , came to as agreement amongst themselves to exhibit a green ene , in accordance with their Radical principles . They accordingly hoisted the emblem of their political faith , at the top of the house , on a long pole , where it continued to wave in opposition to its yellow neighbours . The house , as it happened belonged to the Messrs . Greenwood , whose Whig principles and weighty influence through cotton and land , make them great favourites with my Lord
Morpeth , and his thick and thin supporters at all elections . These gentlemen , it appears , had seen the lag , and taken offence at its colour , for on meeting with Air . Rhodes in the market on " the following day , they ordered him , in the most insolent and domineering manner , lo take the fl . ig down , otherwise they woa 2 d send men to take it down for him . Mr . R ., thinking that he lived in' a land where one man had as much right to his colour as another , asked them if he was not to ba allowed bis own opinions . " No , " said the Whi . 53 , " not on our premises . " u What , do I not pay asy rent ?" gaid Mr . Rhodes . •» 0 , " said they , " that has nothing to do with the business ; we insist upon you taking down the flag , otherwise you must find a frpsh hou 3 e . " So saying , the two Liberal Whigliberty-of-conscience men walked away .
WIGTOWN—Daring the visit ef the Whig and Tory candidates to this town , two half barrel 3 * ' 0 f ale were ordered to be distributed in the streets by the latter , in order to make himself the mos : popular . But no sooner did this attempt at bribery snd drunkenness become known , than & few working men , despising the base arts of the faction , seized the barrels , run the liquor out , and then dashed them to pieces , amidst the cheers of those assembled , who then gave three cheers for the People ' s Charter . At a democratic temperance meeting , the eame evening , a resolution was passed , condemnatory of those who woaid thas induce the working classes to prostitute themselves , ond complimenting those brave men who had so Bobly conducted themselves .
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¦^ UNITED STATES . V&zstdext ' s Message . —T 3 * e 27 ; h Congress of the United States assembled at Washington on the 31 st olt . The Houee of Representatives having been organised , the election of Speaker was disposed of on the very first vote . Mr . John White , of Keritackv , the Ministerial eaadidase , received 121 votes , and Mr . J . W . Jones , late Chairman of the Ways and Means , 84 . Next day , tha 1 st of June , the President transmitted to both Houses of Congress his message . It is brisf , compared with Presidential messages genersliy , and appears to have given general satisfaction . He alludes briefly to the lamented death of his predecessor , General Harrison , and passes on to the financial and general position of American matters . Ia allurion to tfce ease of M'Leod , he ia reported to say : —
" A correspondence has taken place betveen the-Sseretary of State and the Minister of heT Britannic Majesty accredited to this government , on tht subject of Alexander M'Leod ' s indictment and imprisonment , copies of which are herewith communicated to Congress . In addition to what appears in these papers , it may be proper to state that Altxander AT-Leod has been beard by the Supreme Court of the S : ate of New York on his motion to be discharged from imprisonment , and that the decision of that Court had net as yet been premo'enced .
" So far as it depsnds on the course of this government , our relations of good-will and friendship will be sedulously cultivated with all E * tioDS . The true American policy "will be found to consist in the exercise of a spirit of justice to be manifested in the discharge of all our international obligations , to the weakest of the fszBUj of nations ai veil as to the most powerfnl OccafioBal conflicts may arise , but "whtn the discussions incident to them are conducted in the language of troth , and with a strict regard to jastiee , the scourge of war -will fo ? the most part be avoided . The time ought to be regarded as having gone by wken a resor : to arms is to be esteemed as the only proper arbiter of national differences . "
The President then goes om to say that in -Ins opinion there exists nothing in the extension of the American empire over her acknowledged possessions to excite the alarm of the patriot for the safety oi the institutions , The Federative system leaving to each state the care of its domestic concerns , and devolving on the Federal Government those oi general import , admits in safety of the greatest expansion ; but at the same t ; ai 8 he deemed it proper to add , there would be found to exist at all times an imperious necessity for restraining all the functionaries of the Government within the range of their respective powers , thereby preserving a jast balance between the powers granted to the Government and those reserved to the States and the ?«> ple . , He then alludes , in an elaborate address , ^ to the state of the currency , to the banking in the bi&te :-, snd gecerallj to the liabilities of ihe coaniTf . T ^ e following 13 an exirac : : —
... " I cannot avoid recurring , in connection ' with thi 3 subject , to the necessity which exists for adopting some suitable measure whereby the unlimited creation of batiks by the States may be corrected for the future Such results can be most readily achieved by the con-Bent of the States , to be expressed in the f urn of a compact among themselves , which tbsy can only enter int » ¦ with the consent and approbation of this Government A consent which might , in the present emergency of public demands , jortifiabJy be given by Congress m advance of any action by the States as an inducement to each actionupon terms well defined by the act of
, tender . Such a measure , addressing itself to the calm reflection of the States , would find , in the experience of the past , and the condition of the present , much to sustain it ; and it is greatly to be doubted whether any scheme of finance can prove , for any length of time , successful , while the States shall continue in the unrestrained power of creating banking corporations This power can only be limited by their consent TVith the adoption of a financial agescy , of a satisfactory character , the hope may be indnlged that the country may once more return to a state of prosperity .-
The New York money market wore a i * TOUr : able aspect ; nearly every description of stock had improved .
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Lmsictfs . —The number of divisions which have tBken place upen variou 9 public and p rivate bills in the House of Commons during the past session altogether amounts to 109 j of which no less thaa nineteen were upon the Poor Law Amendment Bui , nine on the County Coroners' Bill , five on the Punishment of Death Bill , and six on Lord Morpeth s Irish Registration
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Lord Sureet has been called up to the House of Peers under the tide of Baron Jlaltravers . Sir John Campbell ' s title is Baron Campbell . Mr * William Bush , a civ il engineer , is engaged m building a lighthouse on Goodwin Sands , and has made some progress . He expects to secure the foundation before the equinoctial gale 3 . New Cos . —What parliamentary candidate ' s name speaks his own sentiments , that of his co-candidates , and all the Whig and Tory candidates of the United Kingdom ! Do you give it up *— " Lie-All , " the chief of the four Conservative City candidates . The strike of the journeymen hatter . 9 in Lancashire has terminated . Thty have at last acceded to the masters' terms . No fewer than 5600 persons have been out of employment for sixteen weeks , and upwards of £ 40 ^ 000 in wages have been kept out of circulation . ^^ SuRECT beeuc ^ ed uptothe House of
More Plat-things . —There have lately arrived from the continent , for his Royal Highness Prince Albert , thirteen beautiful mii-white goats , of a peculiar and valuable breed , which are now in the deer-pen , near the statue , is the Great Park . A Tov . —A few days ago , at Exeter , a nurse gave an infant , nine months old , a bottle containing » il of vitriol , to amnse it ! The poor child contrived to get out the cork , and drank part of the liquid , which caused its death . The Long Pabliameot . — The late House of Commons has existed longer than any which has been elected duriag the last fifteen years ; that which was summoned in December , 1826 , having only existed about three years and a half . The one just expired may , therefore , not unaptly be termed the" Long Parliament . "
Anti-Beep and Mutton Party . —At Merthyr , Dowlais , Tredegar , and Nantygio , the Chartists , and many other workmen , have declared war against the present high price of meat—3 d . per lb . ; they have signed a solemn declaration not to purchase any till the price be reduced to 4 id . per lb . Nearly all the butchers that attended the above markets last Saturday returned with their meat unsold . Great Ship . —The great iron steam-ship now being built at Bristol , will probably combine a greater number and variety ef untried principles than were ever before united in one . enterprise of the same magnitude and
importance —( about 3 6 Q 0 tons , it is said)—her material —( plate iron )—her engines , nearly twelve hundred horse nominal power—cylinders one hundred and twenty inches in diameter !—no piston rod 3 !—no beams !—the connecting rod laying hold immediately on the piston , and a moveable hollow casting playing through a stuffir . g-box in the top of the piston to give play to the said connecting rod !—an unlimited application of the expansive principle ! —and to crown all , no paddle-wheels ! no paddleboxes projecting from her vasi sides I—no apparent propelling power , bHt an unseen agent revolving under her keel and enabling her to
" Walk the -waters like a thing of life , " Verily , verily , we live in an age of wonders ; and if the mechanical genius of the era give safe birth to this creature of it 3 conception , and foster her into vigorous maturity , it will be difficult henceforward to set any bounds to locomotion over the waters of the deep . Middlesex Sessions . —Satpbday . —Proceedings USDER THE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ACT . — Messrs . Wilson , Knight , Wilkes , and other magistrates of the county , assembled on Saturday , to bear and determine the following cases of fraud : —William Thompson , of Little Gray ' s-inn-laHe , milkman , was fined five shillings and costs , for having two of kis measures slightly unjust . The defendant said that
he purchased the measures from his predecessor , and he ^ iad considered them of the legal standard . Mr . Knight said his conduct had been very loose , and by way of caution , the court felt bound to inflict the penalty . Sarah Crisp , also a dealer in milk , was fined five shillings for having in use one measure , the same being unjust . Mary Newham , of No . 55 , Gray ' s-inn-lane , coal dealer , was charged with bavin ? in use a seven pound weight , light of that quantity seven ounce 3 , and fined twenty shillings . Tiios . Cooper , cheesemonger , of 54 , Brook-street , Holborn , was next fined . Mr . Turner , the assistant inspector ,
saidhefound thedefendant ' sweighing machine with a draught against a purchaser of seven drachms , occasioned by a halfpenny being placed under the scale . Fined twenty shilling ? . James Bromley , No . 7 , Fox-court , Gray ' s-inn-Jane , coal dealer , w&b ordered to pay twenty shillings for having in use a rxachine three quarters of a pound against' a purchaser . Samuel Alexander , ironmonger , No . 124 , Go 3 wellstreet , St . Luke ' s , was complained of under these circumstances . Mr . Turner said that he had seized on the defendant ' s premifes three weights , purporting to be of 561 bs . each , deficient of that quantity from three ounces to three ounces and a half . Fined
twenty shillings . John Lea , 3 , Church-street , Lower-road , Islington , coal and potato deale ? appeared on a Eummons under these circumstances . Mr . Turner said that defendant ' s coal-machine had a false balance of ten ounces ; a seven , pound weight was light nine drachms ; a one pound , four drachms deficieut ; and a half-pound , two drachms short . A penalty of thirty shillings was inflicted , the bench telling the defendant that they considered it a deliberate case of fraud . At the conclusion of the investigations , the magistrates complimented Mr . Child ? , the Inspector of Weights and Measures , aud his witness , and requested them not to relax in iheir exertions to punish and expose the plunderers of the poor .
Higdway Robbery and Attempted Murder . —A correspondent has furnished us with the particulars of a d » ed of intended murder , for the sake of plunder , scarcely second in villainy to that which occurred in Ludlow last Au /» n 3 t . The scene of this new crime was at the foot of Lilleshall Hill , on the road from Newport to the Iron Works at Donuington Wood , in the county of Salop , close adjoining the village of L ' . lltshall , and the seat of his Grace the Duke of Sutherland , Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire . Mr . Britain , a respectable grocer at Newport , has been accustomed for many years to supply the chartermastera at Donnington with the cash in silver and copper recdved by him weekly , varying from ^ 50 to £ 100 , for the purpose of paying the men employed
111 the iron-works . Thi 3 money was usually sent on the Friday , in a light cart , in the custody of one of Mr . Britain ' s servants . Some time ago a married man , named Thomas Simms , was entrusted with this charge , but having left Mr . Britain ' s service , he commerced the business of selling frnit in the town and ueigbbourhoodofNewport . Latelythecharge wasentrusted to a young man , named Beujamin Nicholls , a serTant in ihe employ of Mr . Britain ; and with this fact the former servant , Simms , was perfectly acquainted . Un Friday week , owing to some delay , the money was not forwarded as usual but about eight o ' clock on Saturday morning Nicholls was despatched to the ironworks on horseback , having £ 10 in copper slung aeross the saddle , and a further
sum of £ 5 m copper secured on the pommel of the saddle , on the top of which -was placed £ 50 in silver , tied- up in a shot bag . He arrived at Lilleshall Hill about nine o ' clock , and on passing a stile which terminated a footpath leading from the top , he was accosted by Simms , who crossed over the stile , and asked Nicholls where he was going 1 He replied that he was going to Donnington works . Simms ti-. en crossed the road from left to right , behind the horsejsaying that he was goiugtowards Wellington ; and placing his left hand on the animal , walked side by side for a short time . On a sudden Simms exclaimed , "Look ! what's on the hill ? " and immediately drew forth a hammer , a pound weight , and iLfl rt ^ d two tremendous blows on Nicholl's head .
Fortunately for the young man , he did not turn his head in tho direction of the hill , fearing that the money m ' ght fall from the saddle , otherwise the blows must have fallen on his temple ; as it w& 3 f the blows were received on his forehead , and he became powerless and stunned , but did not fall . The horse immediately epiaag forward , and tbe bag of silver , and the 45 in copper plaeed on the saddle , fell to tbe ground , and the latter parcel burst , and its contents were scattered on the road . As soon as Nicbolls recovered his senses he galloped on to Newport , raisiDg an alarm of " Murder ! " In the mean tim » Simrja 3 picked up the bag of silTBr , and ran up the hill , but meeting a person who had heard the cries of distress , he turned back into the road , and escaped . In a few minutes afterwards
his , wile , Harriet Simms , was seen by persons who had ' heard the alarm to descend from the monument at the summit of the hill , which had been erected by a grateful tenaatry to the memory of the Duke ot Sutherland , and approach the hedge along which her husband had been seen to run . She was observed to kick the long grass on the margin of the ditcb , as if in searcfi of something which had been dropped ; but not succeeding , she departed in the direction of Newport . The intended victim , however , succeeded in arriving first at Newport , and having raised a hue and cry , the woman was taken on entering the town . Several of tbe inhabitants aud police immediately commenced a pursuit after Simms , and about noon h * was taken bv Mr . Preston , a publican , within a
few miles of Newport . Information was then given to Mr . Baxter , superintendent of police , who made striet search in the vicinity of the place where the outrage was committed ; and , after considerable pains he discovered the bag of silver in the drain * t the foot of the hill . The hammer was also fend near tbe spot . Simms and hiB wife were then taken bef » re Charles Morris , Esq . a magistrate of the Newport district , ia addition to the abo ^ e . facts , evidence was given to prove that the prisoners were seen waiting on Lilieshall Hill neariy the whole of Friday , the day on which the money was usually conveyed to Donnington . Much astonishment was excited by tbe fact of tbe outrage being committed at such a time on the highway , particularly as it was Newport market day . The prisoners were fully committed for trial at the next assizes , on the capital cbaTge of highway robbery , accompanied with violence . We are happy to state that Nicholls is recovering from his wounds . —Shrewsbury Paper
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Ships of the Line . —A first-rate man-of-war ( snch as the Trafalgar , that was launched at Woolwich on Monday week ) , requires about 60 , 000 cubit feet of timber , and uses 180 , 0001 b . of rough hemp in the cordage and sails for it . The ground on which the timber for a seventy-four gun ship ( little more than half the sza of the Trafalgar ) would require to grow , would be fourteen acres . It requires 3 , 000 loads of timber , each load containing fifty cubioal feet . One thousand five hundred well-grown trees , of two loads each , will cover fourteen acres at twenty feet asunder ; 3 , 000 loads of rough oak , at 23 . per foot , or £ 5 per load , will cost £ 15 , 000 . > ov- rnt Line .-A first-rate man-of-war ( such
How to GaikFivjb Hundred Pounds . —Any person who has Teceiyed a bribe may get a third part ; to prosecute the briber , himself give evidence against his corrupter , and sot himself be ezewpt from all penalties , but share with , his friond tbe penalty of £ 500 . The individual bribed will , of course , only proceed against such persons as can pay tbe penalty on conviction , the whole of which the law awards to the prosecutor . The case * ia which such prosecations can be instituted are these : —Firat , where money has beea paid down for a vote ; secondly , where a promise is made that a certain sum shall be paid for a vote ; thirdly , where a situation , a
receipt in full for a debt , the settlement of an action , a long price for a cabbage , cat , canary bird , &c , or any such inducement to vote on the Bide the veter would not have voted on without suoh inducement is given or promised not to rote for a particular candidate , or not to vote at all . The briber is , therefore , completely at the mercy of the bribee . It is true that the proceeding would not be very creditable to the party , but it is aot a whit worse thaa the selling of the vote , and he that has bartered hia conscience for the paltry sum of £ 5 , or * ' 10 will hardly scruple at such a peccadillo when the prize in view is £ 501 . —Sun .
Despotic Conduct op Parish Officers . —The shop of Mr . Marshall , a news agent , residiug at No . 20 , Brown ' -lane , Spitalfields , it appears , has become marked as an object for official vengeance . Mawwormism is rampant in Spitalfields ; saints flourish in that locality , and have become as plentiful as blackberries . At elevn o ' clock last Sunday morning , Mr . Graham , an auctioneer and appraiser , residing at the corner of Wood-street and Churchstreet , and who is , also , constable of the parish ; Mr . Horae , undertaker , New Montague-street j together with three or four other persons , accompanied by the two beadles , Messrs . Pilbrow and
Hart , approached the shop of the above-named individual , and desired him to take down several show boards , on which the bills of contents of the various Sunday journals were posted . Mr . Marshall , in a very civil manner , replied , "Certainly , pass on , Gentlemen , and I will at once do so . " The parties retired two or three yards , and just as Mr . M . was in the act of taking a board in door ? , they rushed back , and Mr . Graham himself having seized a placard , the beadles followed his Christian-like example , and possassed themselves of all the posting bills , besides six penny unstamped papers ; and threatened Mr . Marshall , if he resisted , to lock him up I—Weekly Dispatch .
Barbarous Murder in Shadwell , —On Friday evening , a brutal murder was committed in a street called Blue-gate Fields , High-street , Shadwell , by two women of the town , named Mary Long , alias Owen , and Hannah Covington . The victim was a Mr . Thomas Briggs , an elderly gentleman , who ha 3 been for many years residing at No . 18 , Norfolkstreet , Turner-street , Commercial Road , and who was the owner of many houses in the neighbourhood of St . George ' s East and ShadweJJ . He was passing along Blue-gate Fields on Friday evening , about seven o ' clock , when he was assailed by the two women , who beat him in a most savage manner ; and from the effects of these injuries he died a few minutes afterwards . The women were taken into custody , and have been committed for trial for the murder .
Last Glimpse of the President . —The packet ship Orpheus , Capt . Cole , which sailed hence on the lHh of March , in company with tbe ill-fated President , arrived yesterday from Liverpool . Captain Cole had the last glimpse of the steamer on the 12 th of March , the day before the moat terrific gale that ever blew on our coast . Nothing has been heard or seen of her since that morning , unless the wreck seen by Captain Bowman was hor . Many and many a persen will remember that dreadful gale , which raged for two days , the 13 th and 14 th of March , strewing the broad Atlantio for miles with spars , masts , huils , and wrecks of all kinds .
Capt . Colo said he never experienced such another . So strong did the wind blow , that it took the saila , furled tightly on the yards of the Orpheus , completely off , and tore them into rags . And Captain Comscock , of the steamer Massachusetts , who was in Long island Sound on the first night , reports that be never passed through such a night . That he and all his passengers were saved was a miracle . Several of the passengers say that they are indebted to the skill and coolness of the captain for their lives . We give these facts to show the severity of the gale the President , with her heavy bulky machinery , had to encounter when only two days out . —New York Paver , June 1 .
Cruel application of the Law . —We were induced to inquire if any measures had been taken for the relief of the poor creatures lately convicted of hawking a few trifling articles without licenses , &c , whose cause was advocated in the T * wn Council , and Police Boards , by Bailie Grieve and Mr . Dodd , and we ascertained that a petition in their behalf would be forwarded to Lord Normanby , to be presented to the Queen . We know not when any instances of hardship equal to those of the poor people to whom this petition refers have been brought before the public . The first case is that of Mary Tominay who is upwards of fifty yearB of age . She wants the power of her right hand , and was trying to pick up a living by disposing of a few articles of delf-ware in the streets . The 2 nd . is a similar case .
The 3 d , Helen Luna er Nott , sent out by a cobbler to sell a few patched-up shoes in a basket . 4 th , the child of the person last mentioned employed in the same way . 5 th , a woman of fifty , who carried a basket with a small stock of combs , worsted , &c . 6 ih , a discharged pauper trying to maintain herself in the same manner . All these have been severally convicted of hawking without a license , and fined in twenty-five pounds each , which penalty , in regard to their ability to pay , might as well have been £ 25 , 000 . In default of payment they have been sentenced to be imprisoned for three months . The 7 th case is that of an infirm man , aged sixty , sentenced to one' months imprisonment for hawking delf-ware without a license , and the 8 th another man aged fifty-five sentenced to three months imprisonment for the crime of selling a few
tapes , laces , and luciier matches without a license ! Under what despotism could there be anything more cruel perpetrated on the poor and helpless than this ? The petition states that none of the individuals convicted were aware that they were infringing the law or were informed that they were doing so till they were taken up and subjected to alt its rigour . The touching circamstance is also mentioned that none of them ever suffered a day ' s loss of personal liberty till they became the victims of a stretch ot law , which every person of ordinary feeeling must stigmatise as cruel in the extreme . If the prayer of this petition for a remission of a heavy punishment where no punishment is deserved is disregarded , it may well be supposed that there is neither , mercy nor justice to be found in the high places where power is lodged . —Scottish Patriot .
Teetotalers , Beware . —Spurious Tea . —William Terry , grocer , < fco ., of Greek-street , Soho , was charged , on Friday , before the Commissioners of Excise , with having in his possession a quantity of spurious tea . Mr . Francis Charles Wingrove , on being sworn , said he had been in the Excise thirteen years , and from information which he received he had made a seizure of 133 Ibs of leaves on defendant ' s premises . It was made in this manner : — In September last , he was looking after a man named Dellahoi , whom he saw dep osit a chest in tho shop of the defendant , and again on the 22 nd of December , he saw him deliver two more chests t » the servants of Mr . Terry . He on the latter occasion went up to the cart to question Dellahoi , when that person took to hia heels , and has since
been at hide and seek . Witness immediately thereupon broke open the chests , and perceiving that they contained Bluff in imitation of tea , seized it , and conveyed it , with the horse and cart , to her Majesty ' s stores . While ho was examining the rubbish , Mr . Terry made bis appearance , and on beiug interrogated by witness , he said he had one previous dealing with Dellahoi , of whom he knew but very little , and that the article he then had from him was genuine and good at the price , which was 4 s . 4 d . a pound . Mr . Goulding Bird Baid , be bad examined the contents of the two chests , and discovered that it oonsisted of sloe and hawthorn leaves , and redried tea-leaves . ( He produced to the Court many samples of them , opened and pasted on white paper . ) He had extracted from the leaves , and there was not the slightest taste of tea . By direction of the Board of Commissioners , witness had Been the defendant , and examined his stock , some of which was very bad indeed . One of tbe shopmen was
grinding some leaves , and when asked his motive tor so doing , the accused said that old women frequently asked for tea-dust , and he was making them some . ( Laughter . ) Terry said the chests were sent to him as samples . Mr . Waddington—* Did lie tell you the prica he iraa to give P Mr . Bird—No . He said they had not agreed upon the price . Mr . Waddington— Could such stuff be palmed on an experienced person as genuine te » V Mr . Bird" It would be utterly impossible . " Mr . Waddington— " Did the defendant Bay anything of Dellahoi . " Mr . Bird— " He merely observed that he wished he had never seen him , and that he was ashamed of the transaction . " Mr . Stephenson said , that as tbe defendant had not examined tbe contents , it eould not be Baid that he had a guilty knowledge « rf the affair , and be thought tbe information ought to , be dismissed . The other Commissioners concurring , tbe case was accordingly dismissed . Ike Court ordered the rubbish , to be burnt .
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_ Mb . William Baiktm , the church-rate victim , after an imprisonment c'f more than seven months , havmg been incarcerate * . ' on the 13 th November last . waB released on Wednesday morning ; and on quitting tbe prison , without going into the town at ull , started immediately for Hallaton , a village at some distance , where his patents and some of his brothers reside . Mr . Baines bx s not paid the rate , nor have any of his friends . *; ° , ' ation . —The population of Vienna amounted in 1840 to 357 , 927 , of whom 204 , 298 were Austrians , * nd the rest foreigners . The increase since 1837 is 23 , 427 , but these are chiefly foreigners . The national manufactures have within the last ten years made immense progress . The population of the whole kingdom of Saxony amounts to 1 , 687 , 141 . The produce of the mines for 1839 was 7 , 000 , 000 f . The woollen manufactories employ between 3 , 000 and 4 , 000 looms , making annually 160 , 000 pieces of cloth . The national debt amounts to 56 , 9 « 8 , 327 f . Mb . Wuiia * Baiktm , the church-rate yintin ,.
Thb Free TJrade Humbug !—The following statement has been compilled from the report of the late Factory Commissioners appointed by thelibertylovms ; and labour-rewarding Whigs . Our hardworking artieans may judge from it what would be the effect upon their own wa ^ es were the free-trade and anti-corn law principles of the party carried out before the working men themselves had secured a voice in the making of thelaws . Cheap bread wonld be literally beggars ' wages : —The factory operative in England works 69 hours per week , for which on an average ho has Us . wages . In America he works /« hoars , and has 10 s . wages per week . In France he works from 72 to 84 hours , and has 5 b . 8 J . per week . In Switzerland he works 78 to 84 hours , and haB is . 5 d . per week . Ia Tyrol he works 72 to 80 hours , and has 4 s . per week . In Saxony he works 72 hours per week , and has 33 . 6 d . wages . And in Bonn , in Prussia , he works 54 hours , and has 2 s . 6 d . wagesSper week .
The Beastly Poor Law Bill . —The Nottingham Guardians have offered a bold front to the Somerset House Bashaws , whose days , happily for the comforts of the poor , we hope are numbered . We would wish that every other Board in the kingdom would act in a similar becoming spirit . It appears from areportinthe Nottingham Mercury , that the Guardians had made application to the Commissioners for a dissolution of the Union ; but that the latter have not yet come to a decision on the Bubject . In the meantime Mr . Senior , an Assistant P « or Law Commissioner has attended a meeting of the Board , in order that any communication , touching the subject cf the dissolution , might be made to him . Mr . Senior , however , said that he had seen
the reasons mooted in the support of that measure ; the first was , that the Union was too extensive to be conducted with proper arrangement and attention . " On this head Mr . Senior Hrged " that the Guardians brought forward no facts to support their position . " Whether they have or have not , we are unable to state . We have not seen the reasons that were sent by them to the Strand despots ; but we could produce a hundred good and sufficient arguments to show why Unions should Derestricted to size ; leaving out of the question the baneful effects of the centralization scheme , as tending to create patronage , and ultimately to crush the people . The second reason for bringing about a dissolution was this , " that it is impossible
to carry out and strictly abide by the principles of the New Poor Law . " Mr . Senior Baid nothing was easier . In this he was perfectly right , and . the Guardians manifestly wrong ; for the flint-hearted Bashaws make no bones of carrying the strict letter of the law into effect at the expense of the bellies of the poor . What the Guardians meant to urge was this , and the feeling is good , and does credit to their hearts—that it was '' impossible" to carry out the principle of the Bill without bringing the poor to a by far worse condition than the very beasts of the field . It requires an iron-nerved man to enforce such a law as this ; and none but such persons as are entirely destitute of feeling are chosen to fill iffices under it . Hear what Mr . Hicklin said , in
reply to Mr . Senior— " He happened to be waiting at a Union workhouse , in a room . leading to the passages , when a cleanly and respectably clad young woman made an application to see her patents and youu «; er brother . After some delay , Bhe was permitted to see her mother , who was then takeu back , and her father and brother were then brought . She was not allowed to see them together , and tho schoolmaster stood within a lew yards all the time , with his hands in his pockets , totally preventing any interchange of those domestic sympathies which they know so well how to value , and from tho situation in which the parties were placed , would in this case be rendered doubly dear . These unfeeling regulations ought to be broken down , as they were
contrary to the spirit of merov in which tho laws of England were framed . " The presumption is , that this regulation is enforced , lest the paupers communicate to their friends ths horrors of tho Bastile system . But is not this a dreadful state of things that our workhouses are in every respect , as far as discipline is concerned , on a footing with common gaols , and by far worse , when prison fare is contrasted with prison diet . It was really shocking that this poor girl wa 8 not allowed to converse with her brother and her parents without the presence of tha schoolmaster . Nobody but a positive fiend , a wretch in human shape could have advised suuh a monstrous regulation . We are glad that the Nottingham Guardians have made a ttir in the matter . The oU English plan of each parish managing its
own affaire , is more satisfactory than the present sweeping system of centralisation , at which every real Briton ought to look with an eye of jealous j . These Guardians have been a sharp thorn in the side of the Magnates ; they rejected the diet tables , and an apology was sent to tfcem , that tho sending the starvation tables to Nottingham was all " a mistake . " In the adjoining Union , where there appears to be a want of proper spirit , the master is compelled to adopt the Somerset House scale , and weigh out the food to tho nicest fraction ! At Loughborough , there has actually been a controversy about dividing a potato ! Mr . Senior recommended the finishing the new workhouse , which might be done at a cost of £ 1 , 500 , but it was clearly shown by a practical man ( Mr . Soars ) , that £ 10 , 00 * would not be more than sufficient to effect the
object . Let the Nottingham Guardians delay this project . At no distant period the law must be carried out by persons interested in their own and the welfare of the poor ; and when that is the case , the Guardians will find accommodation for the poor , without expending £ 10 , Gt 0 over and above what ias already been laid out . At the forthcoming election , we cali upon the constituency to exact pledges from the candidates that they will vote in the House of Commons for the dismissal of the Strand gang , and for the law being carried out , as of old , by properly elected Guardians . There is a pleasing difference in the management of the poor in workhouses without the scope of the withering pauper starvation act . The poor old folk are happy ; they get tea , sugar , and other little comforts ; the young , while they are properly worked , arc not larshly treated ; and children are permitted every
rational enjoyment . There is none of that severity in tbe old system , that prevents a father speaking to his child unless in the presence of the schoolmaster or some other appointed person . Under the old plan of management the poor are not locked up in dens , which have no light , except what is admitted through the roof ; and at seasonable hours , and at appointed times , they aro permitted to visit their friends , in order to pick up a few pence , or obtain a supply of tobacco , snuff , and other trifling things that add real value to life ; while in the bastile none of these things are permitted ; the belly-griping gruel , the pork-water , and the bread and cheese dietary , are all that the paupers have allowed thorn , and if these fail to support life , they must make up their mindB to inhabit a premature grave . Down , we say , with the Commissioners ; and modify the aconrsed provisions of the Poor Law . — Weekly D . ispatch .
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COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH . —Wednesday . Mr . Moxon . the publisher in Dover-street , was indicted for publishing a blasphemous libel in a recent edition ofthe poetical works of Shelley . The case was tried by Lord Denman before * Special Jury . Three passages from Queen Mab were set out ia th « indictment . Sergeant Talfourd , for the defence , argued tliat the passages objected to made not more than the three hundredth part of a work of twenty thousand lines , and would give not only an imperfect but a wrong impression of the whole . The book was a history of the stages which a great mind had gone through , in its gradual developcment ; and it would only be sought by persons likely to appreciate the combination of the several parts with
each other , and the tendency of the entire composition . In many passages of Paradise Lost , Satan was made to utter sublime defiances of Almighty power . Indeed , tht > publishers of the works of Milton , Gibson , Byron , Rousseau , and Shakspeare himself might as well be prosecuted as the publisher of the present poem . Lord Denman Baid , that he and the Jury were , however , bound to proceed on the law as handed down from all time—that the publisher of a blaBphemoas libel was clearly punishable , if he was guilty of doing bo with the knowledge of its character , which made ft part of the offence . The motives of the publisher were beside the question ; for he waa responsible for the direct consequence of the publication itself .
There could be no doubt that , in the passages quoted , an intention was shown to cast reproach and insult on tbe Christian God . Such an intention , however , in mere passages was insufficient , if tha work contained a genuine condemnation or it in the context . They would , therefore , consider tbe tendency of the whole , and judge if it were correctly described by the terms used to bring it within the criminal law . It was certainly true , as remarked for the defence , that this extraordinary poem was composed by a youth of eighteen , and that in many places it contradieted itself ; but that could not prevent it from being niBchievoas and offensive , or from producing injurious effects on Booiety . It might also be true that the author ' s latter works would qualify the effects of his earlier works ; but still they would not thenoe be justified in acquitting the publisher ef
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the passages now prosecuted . Any writer of an author ' s life was allowed to state that he had once entertained opinions such as these ; or even to express them in the author ' s own words . Whether ttowas Buch a case as that , they would now decide , tie himself thought that it waa better to subvert sues sentiments by reason and argument than to suppress them by the prosecution of their authors . The Jury found tbe defendant guilty . There were two other cases , that of the Queen v . braser , and the Queen v . Otley , in which the defendants were charged with the sale of the work in ^ u w 1 fn ? , tt eywel : enot P ressed » and a verdict of Not Guilty" was given to each .
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TO MR . THOMAS CRONE , ( OF MANCH , ) FARMER AND INDEPENDENT ELECTOR OF THE COUNTY OF CORK . My Dear Tom , —I have published an address , or rather , a caution to my brave Frieze coated soldiers . I send 590 copies to you for circulation . I send them to you because you ore a honest man , a wise man , and a good man . Now Tom , here goes to make the whole subject as plain to you as the nose on your face ; and , Torn , you have a long one . Tom , you have the best landlord in Ireland ; be ia also the best magistrate , the beat
grandjuror , tae best master , the best rich man ' s friend , and Ihe best poor man ' s friend . Though be ia my first cousin , I but do trim justice in saying this . In the aggregate he has no equal . You have also , as a spiritual adviser , the Rev . Mr . Doheney , than whom a more faithful , pious , zealous , and affectionate pastor breathes not . I have always had great confidence in him ; and that confidence has been much increased by the fact of my Bister , who lately died a Catholic , having left every farthing she was worth in the world in trust to him , for the benefit of his flock , to be administered by him as a faithful shepherd .
But , Tom , your landlord is " a hell of a Whig , " and a great supporter of what he considers Whig principles : and should he nsk you to support tbe Government candidates because he is a Whig , which , however , he will not do , as he never interferes with his tenants ' * otes ; but his party being bard pressed , sheuld he , now , attempt to do so , say to him : — "Sir , ia not my vote to have some effect ? and is not that effect to be the cheapening of the produce of the land for which I pay you , under existing circumstances , a certain rent ? " Tom , don't forget " existing crciumslances" upon any account !! 1 Then Bay : — " If you agree to take the average of the last seven years' price of wheat , and suppose it to be thirty shillings a bag , and suppose my rent to be one pound , will you , if the existing circumstances are altered , ( put ' existing circumstances' in again ); will yon , if the existing circumstances are altered .
agree to take rent on account , for the next seven yeara , till we can strike a balance , and agree upon terms and rent ? and if wheat is reduced to fifteen shillings a bag by the then ' existing circumstances , ' will you let me have my land as before for two-thirds ot the price , that ia , ten shillings ? If you do , I will vote for the moonshine . " Then go to the Rev . Mr . Doheney , and say unto him : — " Sir , for the last twenty years I have cheeifully given you so much a year for religious consolation , and other services which you have performed for n » e and my family , but henceforth , although you have earned it hardly , I can only afford to give you one half that amount , but yet you must not relax in your duty . " And then if yon owe any debt upon bond or note , go and ask the parson to whom you owe it , " if be will take half : " but be sure if any one owes pott anything-, go at once , under existing cireumslaiiees , and gel it a' , 1 ! Mind that , Tom !
Now , Tom , thns make tboa © parties who would use any influence over your vote , parties with equal interest as yourself in tho result . Now , Tom , observe . Let me , as there is only a step between the ridiculous and the sublime , just take both extremes , and have a word . Which , then , do you think it would be bust for you to pay twenty shillings per acve , and get thirty shillings a bag for wheat : or to pay ten shillings per acre and get fifteen shillings a bag ? Now 1 will show you that it would be better to pay twenty shillings , and get thirty shillings a bag ; than to pay ten shillings and get even twenty shillings
a bag . Fust then at twenty shillings . From an acre you will have six bags of wheat : that would produce nine pounds at thirty shillings a bag ; that is eight pounds more than the rent If you pay ten shillings per acre , and have six bags at one pound a bag , that will leave you only five pound ten shillings over the rent ; and if you paid twenty shillings an acre you would be mu 6 h more likely to have six bags from it , than if you paid but ten shillings ; and for this reason : you would prepare your ground better , by expending more in labour and upon manure , for you would have more to expend .
The same * ule that thus applies to wheat , applies equally to all other articles of production , and consumption , and value ; to butter , beef , and pork ; to cloth , calico , and leather ; to gold , silver , and brass . Wheat is the standard which regulates the value of all . Now , Tom , suppose yon got five pounds a bag for your wheat ; must it not ruin every single operative now out of work in England , and for whose advantage the masters wish to reduce wheat to ten shillings a bag ? No , Tom ; do each thing . It would on the contrary , as if by magic , set every unemployed operative in England to full work ; and here is the other extreme . If you got five pounds a bag , and paid three pounds rent ,
what would be yoor first step ? Why , to kill a few more pigs ; to buy a few more coats , and breeches , and hats , and shoes , and gowns , anil shirts , and shifts , and stockings , and a bit of furniture , and delf , and knives and forks ; and also a new saddle and bridle , aact pillion , for the Staggeen , to take yourself and Norah to miss ; and to make Tomineen , and Shauneen , and Nurrcen , ami Jud « en , all tbe more neat , and clean , and decent ; and get a book or two also , Tom , into the bargain . And , Tom , all your land woultlbo cultivated to the highest , and Jack Brickley would begin to look for more wages , aud he and his wire get 11 " new shoot , " ( suit ) But , by Jotb I Tom , if Jack is put out of work he'll have another sort of SHOOT !
Well , now , how would that affect the Irish artisans , mechanic , operatives , tradesmen , and shopkeepers ? Why , Turn , it would make them as saucy as giuttemen ; and instead of having only a smell of tho cheap loaf going to the rich man ' s table , they'd hav « the dear one Id toast , buttered on beta sides , Tom . Well , and the Euglfah operativest Why , Tom , Inasmuch as It would be better for you to have high prices and high rent * than low prices and low rents , to would it be better for tho English operatives to tee their produce sold for one shilling a yard , instead of twopence ; and for this reason : when it U over cheap itita drug intbo maiktt ; bit wbfeD It iJ dear . It becomes not less n necesaary to the rich , and more easily obtained by the very men who produce it When
potatoes are two-pence for twenty-three pounds , tbe Irish are always starving , while the potatoes are rotting ; and now , while every article of English manufacture is lower than ever , the very people who produce all , are lying without aboeU or blankets , walking almost half-naked , while they are obliged to look upon warehouses full of their manufactures 2 they aro Indeed actually starving ! Now , Tom , 1 contend for it , that dear wheat—( always understand me as arguing under the " existing circuni » Uvn o * s" )—is tbd only thing to make dear doth , dear calico , dear shoes , dear bats , dear fenders , pots , and fire-irons ; while at the same time it allows those who cannot now afford to buy the tame articles at a drag prioe , tho meant of buying them at a fancy price . Tom , such a state of thinga would bring every Irlshmtn from America , France , and England , and raise thkir wages at home ! while It would take them from the English reserve , and raise English wage * also , by tending hundreds of
thousand * upon increased wages to tiie land , to railways , and to a thousand other works ; and then we should be working for the fall home market , and lending the redundancy at Increased prices abroad : and tken the gentleuku would be obliged to coma home also ; things would rite on the Continent , M oar high prices would give increased value to every article of luxury and even necessaries there olio . Now , Tom , I undertake to piov « that deat labour in England , under emitting eircutnstanet $ , it th « only lock upon the uneven Canal by which the level can be preserved , between England with her heavy debt , expensive government and tribe of pensioners , and other countries owing bo money , and having less expensive Government * to uphold . I am for : Fcee Trade all over the world , bat I am for ant breaking down all the expensive locks upon the canal , through which all produce has to p * sa ; and when It ceases to make labour to pay toll , then will I give my . content (« produoe going toll fit * . ¥ 011 , before you
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get cheap food , get cheap land to produce it . Toar before yon reduce the price of labour , reduce fixed incomes , debt , and salaries cf public offices ; and before you reduce the price of produce , reduce the price of land : TOM , I am for Free Trade all over the world . ; but , Tom , you may as well think of runnings race against sie with one of your legs tied up , as think : of having a Free Trade with nations more freo by being less taxed than yourselves . Ireland , though nominally not taxed , is situated as regards taxation and com-..... , _ , _ ...... _ ,. _ , .. _ ,.,. „ .
merce consequent upon taxation , precisely the same as England . Tom , I undertake to prove my position against all the humbugs in the world ! Always bear is mind that " cheap" and "dear" ore relative terms ; and that when cloth ia cheapest you find it hardest to get ; so when bread is cheapest the labourer may find it hardest to get . And O ! it is & sore and a cortd thing for a . poor craythur to stand with his teeth watering , grinning through the u-iady at the big Russian loaf without a penny in his pocket to buy even a alice
Now , Toh , yon must understand all about the men who want chead bread to feed their poor slaves ; and in order that yen may perfectlynnderstandtheir motive and humanity , I submit to you the following evidence taken on oath before a Committee of the House of Commons , as to the tender mercies of cheap-bread gentry . And , mark , the evidence is from their own overseers or overlookers on oath . Bear in mind that the master mtst implicated by that evidence , from being himself a common working boy , has made nearly two millions of money out of the labour of those h » has used so badly : and yet he is not satisfied ! Having drunk deep of English infant bleod , ho would now tap the blushing veins of Ireland , and thus make her face as pale as he and his murderous associates have made the face of Britain . Here follows the evidence of the witnesses : —
Mark Best said — «• I am about fifty-six years old . I have been engaged as overlooker in the flax mill of Ms . Marshall . The regular hours of work are , from six to seven . When they ore throng , ' from five to nine at night ! They on ! y allow forty minutes for dinner J No time is allowed for breakfast or 'drinking ! ' The children put the food on one side , and eat it as they can . Sometimes , when their work is bad , they are prevented getting itat all ;—they have then to take it home again . Sometimes it is so dirtied , that it is rendered unfit to eat The dust flies about till they can scarcely see each other ! In the card-rooms the refuse hangs about their mouths , while they are eating their food I Sometimes , in those dusty places , it takes away their appetites , and they cannot eat . They
beat the boys and girls with a strap , ta make them look sharp . When they are fatigued and tired , they are obliged to use them worse , to make them keep up I Tlie masters know very well that the children ore thus beaten and strapped ; they encourage the overlookers to do it ! The straps are about one foot and a half long , and there is a stick at the end of some of them ; and the end of the strap , which they beat them with , is cut or slit into five or six thongs . They are regularly made for the purpose , ' Unless they are driven and flogged up , they cannot get the quantity of work they want from them . They are fined as well as beaten . They are fined for speaking to one another . '—for combing their hair!—for washing themselves !—or cleaning their shoes!—or doing any tbiug , so as to go home decent at
night ! They are not allowed to do any such thing , if the work was going on eyetao well . Profound silence is enjoined ! The children were exceedingly fatigued . The usual hoars of labour aro too long for children to bear . When they go home , if they get set down before the'fire , they are asleep in a few minutes . The fine spinning rooms are very much heated , and full of steam . In winter the clothes of those who live at a distance , will be frozen to their backs , and quite stiff before they get home . I have known the period of long labour from five to nine continue for five or six months together 1 When the children are at home is consequence of illness from over-working and long hours , the master neither pays their wages nor for the doctor ! When any visitors are coming to look over
the works , they used generally to come round , half an hour before , and tell us to cease , and get our machines clean and tidy against the titzi 6 1 There was no strapping or cruelty going on when the visitors were there . " SamueY D j wne , of Hunslet Carr , sear Leeds , said' — " I am twenty-nine years of age . I am a native of Shrewsbury . I was about ten years old when I began to -work at Mr . Marshall's mill , at Shrewsbury . When we were brisk , we used generally to begin at five in the morning , and run till eight at night 1 The engine never stopped , except forty minutes at dinner time ! These long hours were very fatiguing . Tho children were kept awake by a blow ot a bux ! Very considerable severity was used in that mill I I was strapped most severely , till I could not bear to sit upon a chair
without having pillows : and I was forced to lie upen my face iu bed at one time ! and through that I left . I was strapped on my legs , and then I was put upon a man ' s buck and strapped ! and then I was strapped and buckled with two straps to an iron pillar and flogged !! After that , the overlooker took a piece of tow , and twisted it in the shape of a cord , and put it in my mouth , and tied it behind my head ! He thus gagged me , and then he ordered me to run round a part of the machinery , and he stood at one end , and every time I came rouud , he struck me with a stick , which I believe was an ash-plant , and which he generally carried in his hand , till one of tbe men in tbe room came and begged
me off !!! At one time I was beaten so that I had not the power to cry at all . ' ! I was then between ten and eleven years old ! It was winter time , and we worked by gas-light , and I could not catch the revolutions of the machinery to take the tow out of the hackles ; it requires some little experience , and I was timid at it , and pricked my fingers very much with the hackles . I cannot assign any other reason for it ! He was not discharged from the mill . We were never allowed te > sit ! We rWere not allowed to talk ' . —not at all , by no means ! If this man heard us , he came to us with hia stick ! Young women were beaten as well as young men ! I "
Jonathan Do wne said— " I reside in Leeds . I am twenty-five years old . I first went to work at Mr . Marshall ' * mill when I was seven years old . Very severe methods were adopted , in order to compel us to work their long hours . I have seen boys knocked down with a strap : they have been called from their work flogged , and then knocked down on the floor ; and when they -have been on the floor , they have been beaten till they have risen , and when they have rUen , they Lave been flogged to tbeir work again ! That was very common 2 1 know many who have been bound to pillars , and then flogged—it is quite common to do so f Females were also chastised 1 No means were taken to remove the overlooker who inflicted such extreme chastisement ! If we had complained to Mr . Marshall ,
we should have been discharged ; and whatever hand was turned away from Mr . Marshall ' s , Mr . Benyon would not employ ; and whatever hand was turned away from Mr . Benyon's , Mr . Marshall would not employ ; aud these were the only two mills in Shrewsbury . I have known a mother of two children in Mr . Marshall ' s employment at Shrewsbury knocked down by the overiooker ! Horseman , the manager , will go to the overlookers , snd if they have not done something severe , he will say , ' I have never heard of your doing anything—you have never quarrelled with any of tbe hands ; do something , that I may hear of it , and I will stand your friend ! ' It is the usual practice to prepare mills previous to their being inspected by strangers . It is a frequent thing at Mr . Marshall's mill , whete the
least children are employed , ( there aro plenty working at six years of pge 0 provided a child should be drowsy , the overseer walks round the room , with a stick in his hand , and he touches that child on the shoulder , and says' Come here . * In the corner of the room , there is an iron cistern—it is filled with water ; he takes this boy up by the legs , and dips him overhead in the cistern , and semis' liim to his work for the remainder of the daj I and that boy is to stand , dripping as be is , at bis work : he has no chance of drying himself ! That is the puaisihtnfent for drowsiness . '—for other offences there is a stool fixed up to the end of the room ; the boy who off ' vnds is tut to stand on this atool , sometimes on both 1 p # h , and sometimes on one ot hi * legs , with the other up , and he ba * a lever to bear in hit bonds , raised and stretched over his head ; and there he has to-stand for Un , or fifteen , or thirty miontes , jart M the overlooker
chooses ; and , provided he should lower his arms tand it is a great weight to bear for a quarter of an hoar ) , I JMje teen the overlooker go on and say , ' Hold up !' ana sometimes the boy will try U hold tt up , and yet not hare ttrength to nlae it , aa 4 the overlooker eati him with hU stick until he does actually get it up ; and the lean will ran down hit faed when he it then standing ! I bav «* M n this done there frequently—it It tha regular practice ! We have a vast number of cripples . tioniv ore crippled from looting their limbs—many from standing too long . It first begins with a pain in the ancle ; after that , they will ask the overlooker to Ut them sit down—but they most sot Then they begin to bo weak In the knee—then knoek-knee'd—after that , their feet tarn out—they become * ptoy footed , and their ancles swell a * big as my fist I know maay deformed in tfce way described . "
Now * Tb « , hold your arm to be bled if you wish ! bnt If yoa are th « weaker for tha operation , or bled to death , I « h « U be no party to the murder t Tom , you trill be told thai this it paid for by Tory gold . Tom , hear me t Thtw ia no use in telling yoa to the contrary , because you would ' nt believe your priest that money eould bribe Feargui O'Connor ; but , Tom , others may btliew it , to hetr ne . I am now la the presence of mf Owl and your God ; and I hope , Tom , that this moment might ba my but , if I have ever in all my Ufa , directly or indirectly , oweptad one fraetioa of « farthing from any nan , or bodjr of men , for any political set during the whola of life , —not even where 1 was entitled to It ; oad I never will , to help me God ! . ;
Tom , I bate priated this at » y own ezpenae ; and if it tervet you and your friandt , my friendi , and tbe friendt of Ireland , I an mora than repaid t l am , torn , . You faithful and uncompromising Friend and Countryman , \ F « a » o » s O'Connor . In the fourteenth month of aolllary c mfinemeot , ia si condemned cell , in York Castle , because money could not buy ma , persuasion induce roe , or threat intimidate ma from the advocacy of the aaaaa of the Poor Opprasased against tbe Rich Oppressor ! Hurrah for Liberty I and M baataf , T » m
O'Connor On The Free Trade Question.
O'CONNOR ON THE FREE TRADE QUESTION .
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The following letter from Mr . O'Connor to Mr . Thomas Crone , one of the frieze coat ejectors of the County of Cork , is appended to the address of Mr . O'Connor to the frieze coat electors and non-electora upon the great question now at issue . It will be read with deep attention , as coming from one who appears to understand most minutely tho several interests of the belligerent parties . Mr . O'Connor has addressed a series of letters to the landlords of Ireland , for the firat of which we reeret
we cannot this week find space . Those letters speak a warning to the Lords of the soil , and will , we doubt not , rouse the sleeping energies of those drowsy gentlemen . The first shall appear in oar next , and when all are before the public , they will be judged of according to their merit as a whole . The address of Mr . O'Connor , inoluding the letter to Thos . Cbone , has been , as appears by an advertisement inserted elsewhere , printed very beautifully upon a single sheet , by oar publisher , Mr . Hobson , and we commend it to the serious perusal of all , bat especially to the Irish Catholics resident in England .
Untitled Article
THE NORTHERN STJ * R . ' has Shik / . ¦ ¦
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 3, 1841, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1116/page/3/
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