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^EEAE6D5 <?C0NN OB AT HULL.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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jit , O ^ rir ^ abouVfr > * y mlntttes past j ^ joa * when he was ri ^ by V good rmmber of Ms friffo » nd s ^ mirert . Serwal of lbem aooompanied jajn to Jiiilim . " A few ^ inbinfesaitereighilieentered « preemoKai ' a lodge , and-wm received » iUi wveral TCTP ^ orontffr ^* t ^^ r ; p »«?» 'v :-^ We ^ irM TOM ^ omily called to thechur , an £ oybefellmiidihoiionred in bein ^ called on to prejyaontfcai © ettsion . "They- ^ re-hwKwirea bjr fte Taesence of themort distinguished patriot of thepreprf ^ fjtf « nr age ;^ Mr . OConnorhad been
^^ always found the nnepmpHHnltfng and nnpnrcfeas&ble jneni afiibBirmHnynmnjMtdtttB enemy of ils © ofwesBor — ltfc § era > ! It ^ alf ^ Twqrane ' blm JMr . "West ) to ajsndSjereiBaely-to' ^ Bilt ^ WLMKrO ^ Com « % character sndtalenU , m these Sfinga "Were now mstten of history . 33 » l » feliii »»«^^ 1 ) 0 * tea * o ^«» & precedent , by a ^ yeinnbDn ^ Bie factions !» &-- biaiJiigfr fcr him , ytfl he lad spanied ihetxu Wtthont fmtte ? remark he ironlilintK ) 3 a « to them ttat esteemed friend of the poor man , -Fesrgus O'Connor- ^—( Tremendous applause £ 2 d ! iMtedfoi some time ) . "Whenithadfinbrided
j it O'GOSSOE rose , and spoke to the following eSbci __ ils . Chairman ,-and working men of Hull , It is many yeaxssince I had tfaehononrof seeing you ; bat 2 think 1 may truly say that , nowever long the time may hare been , do tiiBDge has taken 3 > tece , or is likely to take jjv ^ minyiriiiitap les—Iciieea ) . ; "Within that period they bad seen many and important -changes , such as neither fee nor they / were then-prepared to witness ; fcnt ereiy « ne of these changes had only had the effect of Increasing the devotion of the people to theChutei —{ hear , heirj . In olden times , it ins only necessary fox the leaden of the people to throw np a ^ straw to turn the tide of feeling ; but now the state of things is altered . Anaaofintelh ^ encehas beenacanired by the ¦ sroji iw cljaoes , and tier ; har ? B fbnnd that it iB aUbut
AocBijwew short ef ttie People ' s Charter . It "was -for that reason iaiiad stock to them ttoongh persecution and prosecution , and wonld . continnsto do bo to the end—{ applauK ) . Itis impo « sible nowfoi any man , he lus talests or prdSsationr ' Trhat fl » y jaay , long to de » oerre tte-jepple . = ? IMs -WM ^ a Vcbauge , and a great beneflL The ; { the irerkihg daises ) irere the greatest power in file ^ tatej and , although they conld not point to ^ hB Btatnte booi , and point to laws of their framing , and . say this S « an evidence of cor power j or to piles ' of bondings , and asy , ** Behold here our power ;** yet they oonld truly soy look - "HIPR ^ and behold out
power—{ applause ) . Since be { Mr . O'Connor ; had last seen them , many of their i » fo » ^ opaiar leaders , had deserteC ftwn ; bat in return the ranks have been aiayfiSedtrp ty those who bave locked to the standard . T » o portion of the middle classes stand in the situation you , file working yi »»«» g . do j and , as they have failed in making yen subserrlent to their desire , yon-are o " ejwuneed by them / as * abettors of physical-force . " The Ciaxfista haTB nerer isfused the asastanceof the middle classes ; andihey denied the charge of fiolence . He { Mi , O'Connor } looked upon the conrersaon of a man from TThi ^ sism or Toryism to C 2 tartism tobe asgreata change as possible to be made m him i - and jet this enange was .
apparent everywhere around them . Theynever SW a Ch ^ rt i fit co nTertod to a TTtflg or Tory , TmlesB they saw Mm clothed in the blue coat of the police , or get some ^ necnresItExiion—( hear ) . Sometimes they even saw b constituency converted to Ghartism ; aa at 2 f ottangham . Mr . O'Connor next . aUnded to the Catholics and Profestants of Irelma , ana coHipared them with the Chartists , aid Whi g " , sad Tories , of Rnghwiii-Thfi Protestants make a" great outcry about one poor psTBrty-Btricken Catholic joining them ; but say nothing about the scorta -who desert them for Catholicity . So with the Whigs ana Tories ; tfcey boasted about one desertaan from the Ccartut ^« Ti'fe « tnt xaid nothing abont the iundreds who desert them to join tfteranks of tt » Chartists . He next spoke of thB bad iffectaef
¦ nnrestaeted : macmnery . Although in Hull they had buttwo flax and cotton mpls , they had a large quantity of otitsr kinds af machinery . Sere Mr . O'Connor explained the difference between natural and artificial labour . Twenty years ago they did not see strangers , as ztowj walking their streets seeking employment wiflwnt being able to find it The im ^ iory } considers himself better off-when be can get a coat for 16 s . by matbinery , than when it costs 40 s . by labour . Xabonr is the source of all wealth , and wealth is the source of aD power- They Tierer saw any portion of machinery going into any of tte shops in Myton-gate , to ssk for bacon , bread , oz _ , e 1 seese , or soy articlfl of wearing apparel . 'All the - arficlEs of consumption used by macMnery was-a little whale oil to « st its Joints agoing .
Sir . O'Connor next alluded to the different reception he met with in Leeds , the last two nights , to what he bad eight years ago . Then is mei- >? ith » cold reteption from the middle classes ; last night he eanld scarcely speak Chartism enough lor them—ihear , hear , "hear . ) A great objectaon w&b raised to their name ; but he -would submit to the delicate ears of the ladies whether Chartist tlid not sound as sweet as Whig or Tory , especially when we fonnd fits Tory ruled by lorce , a » "Whig by baad , and the ChaTfist wanted to iule by persuasion . Thin reminded b ^" of the old man and his donkey , who , 'when the donkey refused -to draw the cart ^ lield a bunch of carrots before him , and he immediately followed them : truly illnstraling the principle feat " persuasion is better -Hw ^ ti &rce "—
{ applause ); He fMr- O ^ Connor ) . was the bnnole of eazrota , enSea muring to persuade men of all Tanks and peBnaa&ra to gire in-their adherence to the principles of Chsrtisni . He did not blame "them for not joining ' them ten years ago ; they were then . comfortably situated and had not gxren the matter a considerationihear , hear ) . England was at that moment the greatest anomaly ' in tie-wnild . Since J 829 the greatest ctanges ksre been made . 52 ^ had had CatholJc EmandpatJon , 2 f 8 groSIaTeryBmancrpa&m , theBrfornrBffl , Municipal Befarm , ice ., &c . r and instead of these conferring benefits spon -the producing dassas , they were atAtuifly \ ¦ wonB ^ cff'Qacnbtiore . 24 acblneryliaa pszalized them , ana iakenaeb 3 ^ JErbm « ut of their moath .- andporeit ?' had f oand fiieru wiflionj a penny . Mt . O'Connor next
iescrifed the taose of lbs Mime of tie Reform Sill sSwfing to accomplish what it promiBed , by taking tne power from the Iftndhrrflg and giring it to the machine lards . Before the passirig of the \ Retoim "BIU porsrry was not eonsidaed a crime , for a pro-nslon ittiongh not ao good as ahonld be ) -was made for the poor by tfce 43 rd of Hizsbeth . Aftsr the psus ^ ug of that bill , poverty lad become a crime ; and , instead of a provision for the poer they are doomed to a hastate . Machinery did not want them , either as producers or consumers , bnt its owners wanted "free trade" with all the world . They wanted to pot English labour in competition with ifeelabotn of the white slaves of all oihEr eenntneB ; and , in retain , bring the producers theixbreakfast , dinner , and snpper from abroad , charging as cost of transit ,
£ tt , what the 7 ^ 2 M » ed ; and fhe ? woold >* « naoled to dose ; because , there is no zeal power in the hands of Government ; and the GoTemment have so control oth the retail markets . As a proof Mr . O'Connor cited - ¥ ho fiTff *«» gTif . p- ^^ afay flaym ^ fle is Hie price of ^ ovx and bread , though there had been so , or-rery little-change in the wholesale market . Suppose they gafe these men power to hare a "freeirade" m labour ; ihey could charge the labourers what they liked for what they gare them in return . 3 hey say their object is to grre " plenty tooo , cheap bread , and high wages . " There 2 erarw 20 grpm ^ or aoztsense ; hecsuse ibe Teiy fact of the meaning of ¦• irea trade , , is to * nnSezaen tb © forei ^ j bIstbs in their own market He wanted to fix their attention to the Siamest itciia , the Charier , and the
Land . Hers Mr . O'Connor gsre & lucid description of ths eapsbilities of the land , and said eTerything they it and wore was from the land ; and unless they were a&le to get placed "open it , he would not give them a snap of the inger for the Charter , The Charter is ihe stoats- and / rssiA 3 D is tttr iqo ) . Mi . O'Connor next shewed them , how legislation at borne could sot efiect what "free traders" promise . When your . goods go tcEmssia , Germany , IPzance , arj ^ zuezica ^ Uiey can exclude Siem by exorbitant taiiffiL Tha land at tonne is Hie only filing they cannot interfere with . Mr . O'Connoi men detailed the evils of the law or primogeniture , and the effect it had in keeping tfee land in a state of ¦ uncnltiTation ; showing the interests its supporters had in making the people V 3 i&Te
thsland eodd not prodnce enoogb tor its xnnaibiiaiit *^ whereas , under a proper state of ^ culture , it would be ablB to support at least sixty millions . He next desaibed the emigration schemes of Sllis , Crey , 4 c to { ixpyfa ve \ A Australia ; and compared the landlords and cstbon-lords to the Klkenny cats . Gobden and Co . ha said , wetb-seeking for a "free t » ae"in taeproduce of machinery . The «<» "bright -darknesses were bidding high for adherents , and talking l ondly t > l the beneSts it would bring to tbtfir class ; but when he found there waa a" class in society more Taluable than they ; Sot was the class he would continue to fight the batae » of , against . erery oppssltaoo . Mr . O * Cpsnor next earplained bow the monopoly of the land injured the great body of the people . The landlords
know that in carrying out their franchise , farms of ten acre * would make » man a » dependent as tItb hundred . ! R « ry fmmrt 1 j 3 ml ^ lkwa -mr % m - tutt ir | | p » fftnifjfim **; tttey could not slretch it And yetlandlardsbold the land » a they md . &Bj years aga It las not been iubdi " « aed , ^ lHjbtt ^ j ^ genaaSoMorpiapenliaTe passed wUcrrnrtRiFO Ihusr ) . ! Ehey whoijntt vat wy , " we ^ watnotmarry too ear ^?; it is out of all course for the labottter to think © f marrying before he be a good age "; ^^^ tKj seem to-Sunk that he ought aoV to marry , — * leMt , « nia be ? laB&f- ^ jsa&te *) - 'Whstetm tbay ftoiTtiBS if my Jted . Iom , Set , Jack , or Harry ^ wsatopsjiif addreases s * « eTCnt 8 en to njla&j * on . B « , Seal , m Sal ^ rwiu * » ans ^ efe Kniable Joang nan he-was J &rppose , for instsnee , flie / were w adopt Mb-re ^ TTrmmrtKMnn «>> ogt tha land , it would ^ "aw ^ t&e ^ Blue ^ by Mto-or rijr- > ntfawtf ^ htuhJIt . Tte
xeaaon the laodlordj eacnfioed tbil worn . "waa , unmakes hosdred millions by patronage , representa-« ° tt , sna peas % js . mO ^ Connornext descraedtbe 4 if-^ "w Sffire wisinJBigisn * thirty yearsago , srheo theb raBjea ^ ere a » occupiers of Ibe spD j and " 834 that tram that tins to the present , ¦^ RpgH ^ Ti-miimif" *** " **' haTB oeea ecnSnnally losing their . ^ jaracier Jn the wnanenm market ; so that bow ure haTe larf »« ak to a purchaser * He then atited flat * writer * aaer the . ^ aatere of « C <> a « Twirf" * aid " Mr . y ^« awanta to , ^ re the people She land j ean r ?™ ? be mere &disi ; ¦ wheo ^ in America they « we ihe 3 » nd , aaia 2 y to the mfllf . ' In rq » ly » "sfeufc he ^ JB ^ aj ^^ jj , Amenca flwre "was ft *** 3 * demand : for agriealtaral labonr , and by ™* means ^ e isbWer knew what he was worth . 3318 Jowfet JMnnfiiBiBrer wai oWjea to « o iate
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the field and bid him a high prlee for his labour . He . tMt O ^ Connor } did not wish to hinder siij one . &PQ . j g ^^;^ bte . ;^^ adD ^ H ^> sar ^; - ' ^ s .- - * ^* iSa »^ wg . . be onca placed on their four acre farms , and ^ en the srsnufacturer '"wHl go to him sad-say *• WeTli ' you know whs * youjeaninake on ibe ^ imd , iwin ^ glTe -yon the rame , of more , fatlighter tyr&kj * Mr . | 0 % onnprieai said the retWog grooer did not llTetin Xhfs hoosshe was born or made his money in , but went to the land . The statesman after spending the best of Ms days in . the busy hanntat of life , betakes himself to the land j and the American opsratiye leaws ffie mill , alter he has spent a few years in business to enable ttmto retain to end Ids days in comfort on -the land—( applause ) . Mr . O'Connor next alluded to lord
Brougham , thai political nondescript , who had begun to talk of making "flxitj' of tenure" treason , and threatened that it must be put down by the ! strong arm of the law . Pretty talk this from thB man who » aid that fee people most fee ihrown on their own resonroes , while he bimself agreed ( to accept a retiring pension of five thousand pounds ] which had been "Jzed" at four l—tbesr ); . They all knew that sense was worth as much as it will bring hi the market ; and nonsense worth no more . The nonsense of lord Brougham when he talked " of kings being rolled in fee gutter for litHe boys to play art football with , " was aplauded . Were ha { Mr . O'Connor ) -idj- speak such nonsense , they would think he might be better employed . They were told they were not in a fit state
to enjoy the franchise . He would admit they were not all Mathematicians , logicians , or Historians ; but they were in possession of what -was of much more Talue , they badJaovdedgi and information . Here Mr . O'Connor alluded to the anomaly of England : at the present time , when it contained more money and manu factures than ever it old ; and yet , at ibe same time wai deeper steeped in poverty than erer had been " kaovrn before —( hear ) . If that was the case , which nene would 4 eny , why were they not to hsre s choice of remedying the efils which created sueh an unequal distribution ? Our enemies declare out -views " would lead to revolution , anarchy , an equal distribution of property , and general confusion . '' No such " thing . They f would bnns Each a change , that tee production would be
increasHi an hundred fold ; and is : there no man in society who would not be benefitted by that ? This unequal distribution has made the Government ' bo poor that they baTe been obliged to tax the Queen upon the throne ! When they cannot live by the customs and excise ; that moment they are obliged to tax the accumulated capital to make np the deficiency . Mr . O'Connor alluded to the small-mine of capitaMn comparison to ¦ what it had been twenty years ago ; and said , let them look north , south , east , or west , and every where around them , and they would see every where disaffection . In Scotland , the squabble in the church ; in Wales , . the turnpite-gates , and their nocturnal destroyers ; in England , breaking-np among the Siahops and clergy ; and in Ireland , f he Bepeal ! Mr . O'Connor then
alluded to the altered state of society , The' trader tvas ashamed to live in the house he had made his fortune in ; the Queen was not satisfied with the mansion et her father ; the manufacturer must ! be elevated to a princely mansion ; while the poor mechanic is obliged to go into the cellar . Their labour was the battle field for all who lived without work ; only for that they would have to be like Nebnchadnezsar , to feast upon the grass spontaneously growing on the Inw / j . He next slloded to the difference between Mm-* elf and Co&den . He ( Mr . O'Connor ) never charged any one of them a farthing for his services , while Cob * den never travelled a mile , ate a meal , or slept on a bed in bis agitating tours , but what was paid for out of the anti-Corn law league Fond—( bear . * hear ) .
Mr . O'Connor next described Mr . Cobden ' s manufacture of decayed shopkeepers into Herefordshire faraaers , much to the amusement of his audience . Cobden at thit instant , while he was declaring for their { rights , was taking advantage of their poverty , paying about eight shillings a-piece for goods woven in Paisley ; and after expending about four shillings more upon them at his print--works in Lancashire , he then sold them fox twenty-eight shillings « ach , netting a profit of 16 s . on each , piece of goods sold . { Hear , and cries of " Shame . ") Don ' t say "shame" till yon hear the iham * . ! While Cobden was thus fining his own coffers at this enormous rate , he had reduced his workmen ' * wages five-pence in every seventeen-pence they earned 2 { Shame . ) There * the man who thanked God "he was not born a
<^ thoHc- »> Iiet them cry " shame" now if thej liked . Mz . O'Connor next passed an high eulogium on " the immortal Father Mathew , " who has brought tbe'people of his unhappy country from a state of beastial inebriety to one of soberness and thought Yes , t he ^ Irisb were turning their attention to the land . What was ' fixity of tenure ' bnt tie land ? He next stated the right of tile people of Ireland to the Repeal ; and described the struggles be had had twenty years ago with the * ' WhiteboyB , " in order to effect it " Supposei" said he , " France was to rule England , as England roles Ireland , would not the English cry out against it , and against a Parliament legislating for them in Paris T ' i" Yfis . *) A Parliament sitting in London la asrepngnant to Irish feeling as French dominion would be to The
the English ^ The Bngltnh h&vo a country . Irish have not a country . The Repeal of Ihe Union { would fail in its object without the extension of the suffrage , or . In ether words , the Charter . He would enfranchise the Catholic man , instead of ( ss at present ) the Protestant land . Repeal of the Union is a principle ; and it is the interest of fhe people of Englsndf to go ¦ with them to establish that great principle . What was the reason the French , with a population of \ above forty millions , were satisfied with a constituency of two hundred and eighty thousand ? while the English were not satisfied with one of three times the number . The French had more practical liberty than the English have . They have no laws of primogeniture . ; and the citizen , as National Guardsman , was allowed to be in possession
of arms to defend Ids liberty . He Bad gone over large domains in that eoontry ., of three or foqs tboozas ^ acres , more than half of which , belonged to the peasantry , the happy position of whom he bsantifnlly described . He next alluded to the cry of the middle classes not joining them , because Feargus O'Connor has been so " j&ysioalforty . " ( Laughter . ) They cant do w | tb the Charter name ; bnt say , they will go for tho principles . They make us like two sects of religion , with only a shade between them ; but ever having tfee greatest anbnosiaes towards each other—( hear ) . Why did be come jamong them then ? He was a tsrrister and had property vt hiB own , and had every thing that coold be wished for . He came because he saw they were worthy of all , for not being led astray by faction . Inallnaing
to the late Conference , be said if it had consisted of 601 members , and 500 had voted for another name , be would have still stuck to the old ene , and have gone on the same as now— ( applause ) . Be had snfF .-red bo much for itthat he had become , as it were , wedded-: to it His family had lost above twenty thousand a-year , fbr it He next went into the nature of the prosecutions against him for the last ten years , and described the battles he had had at Manchester , Birmingham , and Nottingham ; and if he had not been what he professed , would ; treatmentsuch as thafchave made him so ?— ( applause )! Sappose a chiid is nanghty . you flog it till yon impress the mind . Whig and Tory had so flogged him . so impressed the Charter npon his mind , that the devil himself could not lget it < ut— ( tremendous applause ) . He to
next alluded ¦ his action against 1 lie Times , Which would be tritd at Croyden that day , -where he aad given than an opportunity of proving their slanders against him—( hear ) . He wonld pnt hia life in comparison with aay bishop or parson in the world . If be were a drunkard , gambler , &c , it would soon be brought against him . What did they thick of the notion of the old physical force men of 1839 , coming down among them in 1843 , to preach "moral force" and compete suffrage ? Heesom , the then friend of the Anti-Corn Law league men , saying last night , in that room , ' " be who opposed the repeal of the corn laws , was a knave or a fool , and he who opposed the Iieagne -was a tyrant and a despot . " ( A cry by Neesom of ¦ falsa . " ) Mr O'Connor thought his friend Neesom woald tave-been
as well received at leeds preaching physical force , and he ( O'Connor ) at Hull advocating " moral force . " jThey ttnly -granted Organization to secure their position ; and this he expected they would accomplish ahortlyf after the fifth of next month . They only -wasted Organlilticn to get thfl Charter , and then they would destroy all the evils In the constitution . Although they were not meeting as they used to do , they were thinking among themselves , and silently but surely extending ; their -principles . They only wanted twenty members in the Eonse of Commons to sit with the speaker and rise with the boose , to obstruct all pnblic : bnslntss $ \ and he hoped at the next general election they would get them . He reminded them of the saying of TJeecb , who had often told tkem the Charter would never come to them—( bear ) . If a naughty child wanted a bit of tread and butter , and says " come mother give ate some bread catdbtetier , " the mother would tell it to ask
in s proper manner . If they were to go to Peel and aaj , - " Gome Peel give us ihe Charier J' be would say they must ask as they ought before they could have it —( hear and laughter ) . It was now more than f ight years since he told them a truth . He told them he -would sell them . He now told them the same , and the price -was the Charter—( applause ) . Hewould put them up by auction ; Bussell would bid for the Whigs ; ' fee for the Tories , and he would knock them down wb ^ J they came to the Charter—( applause ) . Peel said De would throw TflmwflT npon the people for support , if he conld not carry bis measures . Tbs only pay be |{ Mr . O'Connor ) wanted was to see them all happy and C omfortable in their homes , their wives well dad , aadtheir children ruddy and healthy , cheerfully playing around them . He could then gein peace to bis ^ grave , and say with the noble Peruvian , " Thank God , this , this la my work . "—( tremendous applause which lasted for some time ) . f
Mr . Nse&om ascen ded the platform amid groans and hifees , and after they had in part subsided , he said he was an individual at all times prepared to give * b account of bis jrtewardshli )—tOBl ) i'Jte . O'Cbimoj was the champion of Chartism , and he { Neesom ) begged to set aim right respecting a statement he bad made the other night . He did not « y lie who opposed the Bepeal of tie Com laws , was a knave ' or a fool , ' and he who opposed the league was a tyrant and a despot —{ " job did , you did" ) . Here , Mr . Seesom made an attack on * ha Siecr and its reporters , and hoped ; the reparter would do him Justice . He ( Nessonn stated the Com Laws to he a monopoly , and ihat man who opposed a monopoly was a knave or a fool— ( laughter ) His answer to the oilier charge was : —He had taken no a ^ re part with the Anti-Coxa lav Xeagne , who were
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— endeavouring to remove s > monopoly , and he said that man wu & tyrant who would oppose them in trying to do ; BXhr ;( r ttfe »« 4 laughter ) . ; Mr . O'Conuor had stated that bisfriand Neesom , . m he pleased ^ to tenayUm—f £ andd the confusion which prevailed through the : meeting , wecofuldnot ' hearthe : conclnsion of the sentence ] . He could hot give him any credit for calling Mm / Hptd Ha sBonid , bd aybyjworjte : U ^ he \? ere / to call himself Mr . lj ^ CoJBnor ' a / rf ^ d ; for : be knew ke was no snch thfiig / i ^ K ^ eJ ^ : B ^ VLwdy boi 9 bk ' tried 'iO '' ' ^ Bt Mr . Neesom a hearing , ] which they partly kocomplishad ) As to ' Hr . O'Connor ' s talk of being at Leeds , as a physicalfoiee Chartist , andhe ^ Neesom ) here as a moral-forcQ Chartist—( laughter ) i-he would allow Mr . O'C to State to them that he had been a phyeical-fprce Chartist He
had bad certain ideas of : physical force , bnt they have passed out ot his mind , and he new declared that the people are neither physically nor morally prepared for a change—( disapprobation ) . He ' had . great attention paldhimbyageutiemanon his right , without bis coat —( this was Mr . Lfacjy ,. ^ ho was endeavouring to stop the clamour of those around him ) . He was so finality man . No people had a rigbt to make laws ( bis year which should be binding for ever . Mr . O'Connor denies that ever he was a professor of physical force ; and theonly difference there is between ua is , he denies that heeTerprofesssdit , Jwhile I acknowledge it Did be not call it physical force when ha recommended the people to gain their rights by every means in their power ?—( laughter ) IHe would ask Mr . O'Connor if he
ever knew an Instance of a national leader deserting bis iriende in the hour of danger and turning his back on them ? Did be ever at Bristol « ay he would have the Charter before forty 'days passed or the Jaoldlera sbould pa 8 soverbi 84 eadbody ? ( "No . " ) How do you know ? I bare only got to say , that I am pr epared to prove he did . He has denounced every man who -was a leader that did not suit him , till he has no more to denounce —( disapprobation . ) l ( Mr . West bad again to endeavour to persuade the people to hear him out Mr . Bichard-8 on , &om the body of the ball , said they were only showing Chartist freedom ; in answer to which Mr . West said , he hoped ! that gentlemen would endeavour
toshow a little Complete Suffrage good manners . ) I beg to state that I was never heard either to pray oi cry in prison , but prepared to bide my time ! I did sot cringe and cry tor get out of prison before my time J ( Regular confusion ) . ] . ( Mr . Lundy : again begged of themto hear him out , it would be such a beautiful speech !) Mr . Neesom was new very much out of temper , and began to abuse Mr . O'Connor with nothing but personalities , calling him a coward , &c The disapprobation was so great that scarcely a word could be heard , and the Chairman rose to order , and wished Mr . Neeaom to go on without indulging in personalities , but he still proceeded with them till the audience would no longer ! tolerate him .
Thk BEPoxTEBTOse end said , Mr . Chairman , ladles , and Gentlemen , after tho insinuations that have bees cast by Mr . Neesom -upon the Norther * Star , and the generality of its reports , I hope you will ail endeavour to see theiS&zr next week , ami judge for yourselves whether this meeting is reported one-Bided or not ; as it -will ever be my duty , whether employed by Mr . O'Connor or any one else , to state nothing but facto as they appear before me—( hear ) . Mr . O'Connob rose saluted by volliea of cheers . He said his authority about last night's meeting was Mr . West ; and that Mr . Neesom had confirmed his words . He would ask Mr . Neeaom if be knew anything of a resolution passed in 1841 , to oppose the league ! He would bow answer tho mighty charge of "
advising the people ; to use all means in their power to gain the Charter . " The reason why he had not recommended physical force was , he knew it was out of their power to be successful . To the charge that he had said bo would have the Charter in such a time , or the soldiers should walk over , his dead body , bis answer was that he said at Birmingham to Attwood , Hunts , Douglas , the Cobbetta , < hc . "If yon continue with us , we will have the Charter before Michaelmas d ? y . Bat these parties ran away ; tne Government then broke into their ranks ; and tho getting of the Charter -was at that time defeated . It was too much , however , to taunt him with the failure , and charge him with the defectien and cowardice of others 1 Had he ran away ? No , he stayed : and he
got his share of the Government Chartist pay in a sentence of eighteen months solitary confinement in York Castle ! Bat Mr . Neesom ssyo , " I cringed , and cried , and crept out of jail before my time . " If 1 could have passed through the key-hole I would—( laughter)—but I never btrgged to be flet out before my sentence transpired . It was in consequence of the Doctor ' s certificate that my life was in danger that I was released . As to him ( O'Connor ) being a coward , he -would let Nottingham , Manchester , and Birmingham answer . Was be a coward when be had bayonets stack in his body in his endeavours to leturn Repeal Members in Ireland J He bad worked at thirteen contested elections , and sever received ! a farthing , even as a legal fee , though he was entitled to it—( cheers ) .
Mr . W . G . Bubns , from the body of tbo Hall , stated , that be -wished to aak Mr . O'Connor two questions . The Chairman invited him to the platform . I While he was ascending it , he was greeted by cries of Moscow , " •* Dundee thief , " 4 l Traitor , ' shouts , groans , and other marks of disapprobation . ) When they had partly subsided , be asked Mr . O'Connar if be had ever applied to him , personally , by delegate , or letter , for the loan of £ 40 , as bid been repeatedly stated ? Mr . O ' Connor replied that Mr . Burns' daughter , a young and unmarried woman , wrote to bim in Mr . Bums ' sname ; and , when he declined the request , he was exhibited in the Leeds Times , by Mr . Burns , either the following week , ~ or the -week after that , as the " Caged Lion . "
Mr . BUKNS said he ; believed the Chairman had ft relation that was transported ; but had be ( the Chairman ; anything to do with that ? He ( Mr . Barns ) was not then at home Wa&n th&t letter was written , and Jtad »» t been Hhert since . He was quite irresponsible for what hia daughter might take into her head to do . { The next question be -woald ask Mr . O'Connor was , as he denounced the use of machinery , \ why was it he used a steam engine in taking eft' the impressions of the Northern Star ? Mr . O'CoNJiOB—So long & 8 its circulation was limited , we took them off by hand , and did not use machinery till it was impossible to supply the demand by manual labour . ' Mr . Burns—Do you mean to affirm that the demand cannot be supplied fey manual labour at present ? Mr . O'ConnoB—I do mean to affirm that we can't do it now .
Mr . Burns retired to the body of the Hall , sainted on every aide by disapprobation . Mr . West rose and said , be was glad this gentleman ' s fuesiions had been so readily answered by Mr . O'Connor , and particularly as it had generally been said , " O'Connor du ? st not make bis appearance in Hull during Mr . Burns s itay" 11 He introduced Mr . Smith , wio proposed thefollowing resolution , "That we , the inhabitants of Hull , take thia opportunity of the visit of Feargus . O'Connor , Esq . to tender him our grateful acknowledgments for hia almost superhuman and untiring exertions in behalf of the
impoverished and oppressed working classes of this country : and , as we have long watched his every action , and ever fennd him the unpurchaseable friend of the suffering poor , we feel it onr boanden duty to declare our unabated confidence in his patriotism , his wisdom , and his"discretion , as the leader of the great movement for national regeneration . . Nor can we allow this opportunity to pass without expressing our special gratulations for the glorious victory achieved in the late trials over Whig and Tory tyranny and persecution j by the frustration of the \ plots and schemes of the wellknown enemies of the / people . "
Mr . Ltjkdt , in rising to second the above resolution , felt himself hngbly honoured at the opportunity of listening to Mr . O'Gonnoi ^ that night . He considered the personalities of Mr . Neesom were Quite unbecoming a man . If Mr . Neefiom would attend that room on Monday next , he -would prove Mr . Neesom to be a traitor and a coward , or he would never attempt to prove anything again ,- ( Here Mr . Richardson caused an interruption ) . Mr . Inndy , in continuation , said they were to 1 st him have hia own way , and to niind and don't bite Iheir letlh ; for if they did , ho expected to get a job to pnt fresh ones in —( laughter ) . Mr . O'Connor had Bteod by them through trouble and
distress , persecution acd prosecution ; he had spent a fortune in advocating their causa He ( Mr . Lundy } did not think there was acy one present -who would not agree with the resolution , and give him- their thanks for his able lecture ; The collection that night had been a large one : ; but Mr . O'Connor received none of it ; it went to pay for the rent of that zoom and other expenses they had to contend with—( bear ) . They did notlike to make a charge , bat were at times obliged to resort to it —( question ) . He hoped they would exense him for rather diverging from the question ; but he wished to let their enemies as well as friends know how they spent their money . He cordially seconded the . resolution .
The Chairman put the resolution which was carried without a disseatient . J . Mr . OComkob re ^ tped them bi « thanks ^ and proposed a vote of thanks to their chairman , whom ' he had ever known as the successful opponent of both Whig and Tory . ¦ ¦ " } ¦ Mr . Smith seconded it , and it was passed with acclamation . . - 1 ¦ ¦ _ Ms . WEST , in respenaing , said the best thanks they could tender him would be to register themselves members of the National Charter Association . Three cheers were then given for O'Connor—three for the Charter—three for Repeal of the Union—three for the -victims , and three lor the Chairman .
Mr . O'Connor , before he left the room , said that one whom they had hitherto registered among the victims was no more . Poor Williams , the companion of Frost and Jonas , bad been hung In Van Diemans Land , for killing an old man . ' This announcement caused many to go away vritka fceavyQieart .
^^ T" * ~~ HeBBiBts Mubdbbs . —At the Stafford Assines on the 9 th , Charles Higginson aged 26 , a farm labourer was convicted of the murder of bis son , a boy of five years of age , by bury lag } him alive . While a witness was under examination the prisoner admitted tie fact , and » ld , ^ * i put him in alive—that is all I did . " James Katcliffe , aged 58 , was convicted at Chester on the same day , of the murder of his wife , on the 22 nd of Jone last , by stabbing ber in the abdomen with a knife . Both prisoners ware sentenced to be executed .
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— • • . - . . ¦ - .- ' ¦¦« MB POLITICAL VICTIM tflWJfc 10 , THB CHABTISTS OF oklU * B » WAIN . SSStiil ^^ f ^ ^ ^ $ * tommenSofS D ? k £ ^ tt ^^ iffl ^ ^ ^ ^ Kmight Z ^^ ' Sff vm ^ m , i&M , „ . JtSSi 3 ^« Rs ^«« at ! M ^ y ^ Sfa ^^ KSj SSfi ?^ — l V 00 **™ " * . ac ^ rato * totto best dictates of my judgment . I dd indeed Ibelieve toat if ^^^ iSSL ^ r ^ ***
JL $ ? £ 5 l- * $ HS !! - "* pl 8 ln ' hlmt > honest » pe&kfag man , " and ibis the present Editor bf the Star has bad !™? T ^ n ? 3 ? ° rtttnUy Of kn owln * - tor Josb «» Hobson ~ L J 5 ^ 58 ftTe We ? O y ^ WayVmade friends : they were oo-labonreM . ( and eo-victiins ( too ) to the glorious straggle , ofjaome yearn back , for a ' free preS ? the ' ' Way *]! Btamped them friends . Ur . Hobson . therefore , I feel aasuied , wltt readily acquit me of any -even the slightesfc-de « ire to bej ^ onaUy offensive ; when I juat hint that had he deSTspmewhat wore ^ SS" ^? * ? . It ^ ^ "ce , it is more than probable that "this moat perplexing and annoying rv ^ S 2 l m ^ haTO *> e « n altogether avoided . I do think that , previons to hia havlag poibllolyproposedtbe appointment ! of the Manchester Committee—the only point at whic h we are really at Issne-haonghfc ( I say it with all deference and respeob ) to have addressed some snoh communication to me as tola : —
" Pbiend , CLEAVB ,-TIrgent and affecting appeals have _ been just received at the Star-office , onbehalt of the Political ! Victims . You are the Treasurer qi the fund . Do , therefore , communicate to me > per return of post , what amount of fund you have in hand , and how you propose to disburse it Something must be done , and that quickly . " If I had even delayed replying to such & communication as this , the editor of the Star would have been perfectly justified—nay , he would have performed a duty—in censuring me , and proposing eomo plan by which yon would havegot rid of auch a wrong-headed , indolent , and unfeeling fellow of a treasurer as I should have } proved myself . Bujl , as you know , no 8 Uoh common act of courtesy was exercised towards me ; and hence the consequent mlsonderatanding .
Aa regards the point upon which we differ , I reiterate again axtd again that I am atxions to co-operate not alone with the Manchester , but with every other Looal Committee . | I repeat , too , that the people of every district Bhould immediately elect ] a ieominittee ; seek out the victims la their own locality , and then for--ward me ( as tbe legitimately appointed treasurer ) the Barnes j of those victims—the number , ages , and circumstances of each family , and such suggestions j as to the amount © f relief necessary for each eaae aa such , locut Committees would —from their residence on the spot , and personal acquaintance with the respective claimants—be 5 eri
qualified to supply . If this plan were generally adopted the Victim fond would ba more satisfactorily disbursed than if leftexeluBively to either a Committee at Manchester or toa Treasurer In London . But I must repeat something more , and that ia that ; I conceive a General Committee should » e appointed In the same manner that I was appointed the General Treasurer—viz , by a National Conference , and not by any local body whatever . Yes , says the Editor of the . Star , butthe Manchester Committee is merely proposed na a pro tern . Committee , j Well , then , I d » not perceive the necessity , « nd deny its existence altogether , for any snob pro tern . Committee—especially as we are so speedily to have a Conference . To this the Editor rejoins tuat : —
"The manner in which our proposal for the establishment of this Committee pro tern , has been received by the couKTbv at large , makeB it * for all purposes , as good cw if appointed by the Con febbn CE itself t Nearly every Chartist locality have voted their acquiescence -with it ; not jone baa voted against it The present and last week ' s Northern Star affords as goocl an expression of Chartist National opinion on the point , as it is possible to obtain under present circumstances . We certainly look upon the appointment of that Committee ( Manchester ); and the riuties assigned to it , to be as National aSs it can be f—Northern Star t Aug , 15 th , 1843 . I Well , then , my Wend& , I have searched the two numbers of the Slat to which the Editor so triumphantly refers me , and will now just direct your attention to the result of my search : — . Expressions of fcho " waxiowal-as-can-bs" opinion reported in the Northern Star , July 29 .
1 . Sheffield CoudoU—say twelve members . —vote approving of [ the Editor ' s suggestion to transfer Victim Fund to ftlanchester . 2 . Huddersfleld Council—say twelve members—same vote { . ; ' v 3 . Golden tane Jdocality Meeting—say thirty presntresolution in ! favour of "General Victim Fund , " uuacoompanled by any opinion as to election of Committee . [ " National Opinion" reported in the Northern Star , August 5 th :-r-4 . Brighton meeting of " Cap of Liberty" section or Cbartistg . Probably not more than thirty present . Vote approving ot Editor ' s suggestion . 5 . Halifax ^ Delegate meeting . Eight present Same vote . 6 . C&tltate iCwnwtt . Say twelve present Voted a collection lorCVietim Fund .
7 . London Delegate Meeting . Say twenty-five present Unanimous vote " approving of a LOCAL Committee at Manchester , nnd also in all other districts where Chartist victims may have resided ; suca local Committees to act conjointly ; witu Mr . Cleave , the Treasurer appointed by the Birmingham Conference , transmitting to him the names end circumstances of the patties applying , and their opinion as to the amount of relief required , " & 0 . &C . [ ; ^ g » Had ail thn meetings above-mentioned aseewoied together as one meeting , there would have been less than 130 j persons present . Of these about sixtytwo , less than half , constituted the " national-as-oan-ba " appointment j of the Manchester Committee . The London delegates unanimously passed a resolution adverse to the ] plan , and the remainder expressed no opinion other than a mere hope that the people would uphold the Fund {
Thereupon " tbe Committee ot Management for the Carpenters' Hall locality ' appoint such " national-ascan-be" pro tern . Committee . There was not even a public meeting , but a Contmiiiee assemble on Sunday evening , and elect a Committee from n Committee I Is this such a national exprcEsion of opinion as I should be called on to obey ? fs It in reason such as ought to set aside my appointmont by the Conference ? I leave yon , jmy Friends , to determine . I will not hazard even a remark upon this point , Ieet it should be said that It proceeds from some of that " hot blood " of which the Editor speaks , but which certainly does not flow in myf veins . .
The Editor asks in , last Saturday ' s Star "What Is to be done ? Are each party to stand staring at each other , and there the matter end ? " To this I answer that the victitks are tbe onlg " party ? ' at which / have been " staring" —to tbeir benefit alone Bhould I look placed as I aiu . The Secretary of the Manchester Com * mittee says the Bame . " Applications , " writes he to the Editor , " have been made , and each case is being investigated . " I rejoice at thia aasnrance , because it shows that both parties are much better employed than is staring at each other . '' I hope that other parties in other districts will apply themselves to thair woik in the same manner . Hoyle and Williams will then hvre Bhamed you—the Chartist body—into doing your too-loug deferred duty to the victims . I have no means of ascertaining , as I should have , what information
the Manchester friends have collected ; but 1 will tell you what I have baen enabled to collect I must first remind you that last week I received an application from Williams and Hoyle , on behalf of the seventyfive victims in JKirkdcIe gaol . I must refer you to No . 131 , of the Chartist Circular , for a correct copy of my reply to that application , it having been inoorrectly printed in last ' Saturday ' a Star ; the centre paragraph ef my letter having been transferred to the end ,, and a form of return ( which I requested Williams and Hoyle to fill up ) having been omitted . This Editor certainly gave an abridged statement of tbe forms in question , but I desired that the form itself should be published aa I sent it , conceiving that it might be advantageously adopted by suph local committees as are or may be estaBllsbed . ) ' v Here is William's and Hoyle ' s reply to my inquiries :
[ Kirkdale Gaol , August 11 , 184 * . Esteemed Sir—Your letter of the 7 th instant we have received , and agreeably to your instructions , we have prepared two reports , from which you wiil be able to form a particular idea of the cases of the men therein named . In report No . 1 , there appears only one Chartist , and ; in No . 2 , eleven Cnartiata . No doubt this will appear a very small numbers but there were amongtt Uiosej who were sentenced to six months , imprisonment , land who pleaded guilty , a very large number ; and amongst those who will hava to remain in prison after the persons named in the reports vrill have been liberated , there will be six . Notwithstanding there are |« o few who can be said to have belonged directly to the Chartist body , we , can state that the whole , of them are Chartlsia . in principle ,
and at heart We therefore sincerely trust , that there will be { so distinction madei You and our friends gecerally wiU rtfleet that the whole are { suffering the cruel and uhjust laah of the law ; and as they are a section of the unjustly persecuted millions , we trust that the policy { 0 & -well as the justice of making no distinction . wili at once be apparent . If the cause of the people is to pi-ogress , there is nothing in the world can give it a greater impetus than to take by the hand all who have been unjustly Immured within the dungeons ; ' for it most ba quits clear , that If euch men are made objtcts of ipublio sympathy , It will at once induce them to join that cause in which yon and we have so deep an interest . There are many appaling cases that might be selected from the reports , especially that of poor Kearnan , who has died here , and
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whose wife died from She murderous blow of a Policeman , previous to his trial , and whose son Is now suffering in this gaoL It is the wish of th « Chartista hereithatnodl « tinoUonBhocadbema « ie . They are even willtn ? to saoriflce What might otherwise be given to tt <^ rather than that the rest of their suffering fellow priaonera should not receive some relief . We need not Inform you ) that these poor men will have to ftcef a dreary winter , and with , debilitated bodies be destitute of employment ; but we feel convinced that the bene- » olonce of your heart-will at once prompt you to make the jnost indefatigable exertions for the welfare of all , and therefore we leave the matter in your hands , confident that you will enter into our feelings , and cause , if possible , that to ba done for us , which you would pray for jwero yen in the situatien of the prlsonenr , on whose behalf we have written this letter . Your reply , when convenient , will greatly oblige your-very humble and most obedient servants , i 3 a . ac hoylb , James Williams .
To Mr . John Cleave . The two returns which accompanied the above letter ace highly creditable to the ( industry and intelligence of our friends Williams and Hoyle . I have written to the parties to whom reference U made in these returns as knowing the prisoners enumerated in them I hope I shall ba enabled next week to submit to you the result of the inquiries thus instituted , together with a copy of the returns made by Williams and Hoyle , and tbo decision in each ease . } I await with anxiety the appearance of this week's Star , trusting that it will contain some satisfactory , and really " National-as-oan-be" answer to the question addressed to you in my ' previous letter— " Whether other than Chartists are entitled to relief from a Chartist
Political Victim Fund" ? You will observe thogenerous and affecting offer of the poor Chartist victims in Kirkdale ( as communicated by Hoyle and Williams ) , rather to relinquish any claim they may have upon the fund , than that their fallow-prisoners should go unrelieved . But , however greatly we may admire this admirable trait of generosity , we must yet remember that the question with us is —not what we Blight wish to do , but what we should and ] can do . In conclusion , permit me to express a most fervent hope that the misunderstanding as to the appointment of the " Manchester Committee" will not—as the Editor of the Star feara-i" eventuate in hot blood , " but that it will only give rise to a noble rivalry , in at once seeking oat and relieving the victims in our great
cause . I am , your friend and fellow Chartist , John Cleave . London , August 15 th . [ On this we hava but a few words to say : and that is to reiterate the disavowal that in suggesting the appointment of a Committee at Manchester , we bad any intention of " getting rid" of Mr . Cleave , as treasurer . In making that suggestion , as we have before explained we but proposed tobriog into existence the machinery thai had been enjoyed be / ore for a precisely similar object . That machinery worked well then . We fancied it would do bo now . j The error , however , or misunderstanding , bas all arisen from the non-observance " of a common act of courtsey" on onr part We are son ; for it We feared wounded feeling waa at the bottom .
Great parade is made of the "probable" numbers attending the meetings , at ) which positive expressions of opinion were gives in favour of the proposal we made . Now , this ' setting-forth ' ia more ingenious than fair . It may do to say , that o Delegate Heeling only counts eight , ot twelve ; and thus sink all tbe electors in the persons of ttio represented . On thia rule the very body that elected Mr . Cleave Treasurer , was only " a meeting of some ! ISO persons" I Therefore , on hia own showing , ( if it ] be good for anything ) the appointment of the Manchester Committee is as good as his own ! ! Sot Is not this , as we before put It , mere child's play ? Is it becoming of us to have a quarrel as to who shall give tbe funds to the distressed . There is very little to give . That is the cause for j regret ; not who shall be the distributor . I
It will be seen that Mr . Cleave has not explained why he did not object to the appointment of the Committee , with its proposed functions ^ in tbe first instance . There was time enough to have have done so , without letting it be appointed first , and then objecting . It might have been more courteous for us to have written to Mr . Cleave in the way he suggests ; but the letters of Hoyle and Williams were intended for the public ; and oar observations on them were for the public also ; and were made publicly , and without reference to any Individual or party whatever , other than ] those named in the documents on which we commented .
It is time that this " pretty dispute" waa ended . Once for al l , then , we disclaim all , any , the least , intention to offend , or slight , or pass over , or " get rid or ' any man or body of men , in connection with this business . All we purposed ; all we aimed at ; was to call public attention to the grievous wrong we were committing in guff-ring the wives and children of Chartist Victims to starve to death ! jand we wanted to set agoing some machinery or other to get them relieved . This was all we intended ; and we feel that we had a right u > expect co-operation and mid , rather than difficulty , in the quarter where the latter has manifested itself . ]
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In- examining the various remedies that have bJtfcerto been proposed to remove what has been found oppressive , I must first call your attention to the present position ot the British Government . As I sto-toa In ona of my early letters . It ia mqathlghly advantogeoua that we have what is considered a strong Conservative Government ; and every friend ot order must rejoice that Buch men ; aa the Duke pf Welilngton and Sir Robert Peel are entrusted with the task of calmly watch ing passi ng events , and adopting such measures aa shall be rendered necessary by tiae cBrcumatancss that
are to arise . . It is to be hoped , that no one will Unneees , sanly prew upon these individuals ; for , however painful the position of the mass may be , theirs Is equally to ; and I have it on no common authority , that a moro ^ unhappy man does not at present : exist in Hie three JciDgdoms tbaa Sir Robert Peel , as he has come to the cunviotiou that five out of six of hia party detesfc ^ m . ^ ana express it , and the . Bixtb , only profess friendanjp irom the hope of remuneration . We cannot have a better view of their state oi mind than waagiven in their respective places iu Pitiiament daring the past week . On Tuesday night in the House of Loras , the Dake of Wellington , as reported by tb © Times , aays , "I feel confident that all that could be done has been done in order to enable the Government
to pre 8 erve ^ e peace the country , and t <» meet all miflfortones and consequences which , may r ..-nit . from the violence of the pasaious of those men ^ ho unfortunately guide the multitude in Ireland . My Lords , I do not dispute the dangers resulting from orgasizatipn in that country . I have stated it publicly on more than one occasion . I do not deny it—it ia notorious , it is avowed , it is published to every paper all eves ^ tke world . I do not deny the assistance received from foreigners , who are anxious to bave an vpporttinlty of deteriorating the great prospsrity of thi ? country . I don't deny all this j but still I say . I feel confident that the measures adopted by tha
Government have been such that they will be enabled to reriat all , and ultimately to preserve the peace of the country . ' This was spoken by the Duke with regard to tbe affairs of Ireland ; and every good man , even the moat ardent of Repealera mnafcrejoice to he « it . Whitel confessing his own inability and that of hU cssoeiates to give relief , or rather Justice , to Ireland . b . e very wisely limits all his endeavours to the pressiying of order ; permitting the Irish people , calmly , firmiy , and temperately to examine every bearing of this most intricate question , and to obtain such an amount of practical experience as shall direct them to tbe true path for their redemption and consequent Ba ! a . at ? ow .
Sir Robert Peel , on Wednesday evening , also Fpeaking of Ireland , -when replying to some strong observations of Mr . D'Israelij who has hitherto , acti . 'i entirely with him ; remarked , • the Eight Honourable gentlefflon says , he is surprised at the apparent spatfay and calm composure with which I view the present » ta « of things in that country . I assure the Sight Honourable Gentleman I view that aUte of things wUh no olner foelings than those ot deep anxiety and pain . I know tb . 3 t I have done all t could . " These are I believe admissions made in all truthfulness and msst painfully made by the respective individuals . The " lisro of a hundred fights" has already found in one very imperfect moral organiz * tion of a . section of the people , a power far greater than Napoleon could ever bring against him ; and as to poor Sir Robert , «|> e leading of his spee « h Jtmat disarm hfa most power ? ol opponent ^ if he can but give himself time to reflect upoa the mental change that must have taken place in him since toe day tbafc he
accepted the reins of Government . The Duke however , and Sir Robert , as well aa the other members Of the Cabinet , in common with all other classes may most heartily rejoice in the feaowledge tbaV a remedy will be at hand in due time . There is a power beyond all they see , or know , or perhaps " n » T « leisure to think of , that is , under the divine inaaeneB , new actively employed in laying a sure and cext&d basis for man's future happinesa ; and I trust they will all be made large partakers of ii Ths govern * ment are the instruments of this power in the presorting of peace and order ; and as they perform tueir duty well , whilst they continue to do so , they are not likelj to meet with any effective opposition . Tb > j admit that they have no remedies to offer ; they vfill therefore be glad to bear of any , from any quarter , and I hnvsno doubt they will in due time eagerly listen to them , and their adoption will be as rapid as the preparation of the minds of the people will permit .
The first remedy that I shall call your attention to , is : the temperance movement of Father Matiiuw ; and . a most important one it is . As fa * as Father MatheWa public career has gone , I have hot kuowu a single deviation from the Universal , and his efforts ha ^ s been crowned with proportionate success Ho has taken under his care a most important preliminary step towards a universal brotherhood , and ia a balltint ex ~ ample of what pna San can effect , who is abls to act practically what he theorises . The . influence possessed by . Father Mathew would appear aiiracuioas , could we not discern that the laws of nature are uaivers ^ , and that a single person in harmony with the laws which govern the universe may extend his influence as that harmony can be brought into contact ; witfe o-. hera prepared to become the recijoientaof theDivine love . intellectu il
. Whether we regard the moral , , or phy * sioal "well being of man , temperance ^ i 3 ot the higbest importance ; and must not bs confined to a mere abstinence from stimulating and fennent * d liquor * , bat pet-, vade- our whole beings in every , actioa of , our . lives , et . we shall not be prepared to oyercoiiie ' thoso obsVaclea by which we are surrounded , oi to enjoy that &iyyin 6 W which ia now destined to be conferred ^ on us . The value of this step in progreas cannot b « better shewn than in the immense cnangeuudo-in iha people of Ireland . Relieved aa they now ai-o , fj »« trecoafusion , strife , and discord , alwaja couseque-cvt xipon intemperance , tiey . ara becoming prepated tot the meslfeatatipn of tnat further ligho ' whicb . ifl b 8 im ; extiibitad to them ; and thia will in ita turn again make them , ready for being further acted upon , until they mxysoon be so placed as to eojoy an amount o £ happiness which they are not at present even capable of ooncef vingf the desire for , in this , or any future state of existence .
There appears n « W every probability tha * : \ h-i exertions of Father Mathew will daily become oiciro and more efficient , and that lie will overcom ? nil eiie evils of intemperance , and thereby prepare ail mmd 3 for tbe reception of those high truths that shall develops with unerring certainty the path of progressive happiness to man . The nest remedy that I have to notice is the agitatatfon for the Repeal of the Union with Ireland ; s > subject that should occupy an entire letter instead of biiou ctowdod into the small space n /> w left me . As , however , your spase is valuable and rny business crowds upon me , I can only say that this agitation , although far short of the Univeml , and one that will not be effected ia any manner resembling the present ^ r ' shes of its promoters , is a step in the right direction Many of tbe shackles aad burthens now irapesert uvon the Irish people wilt bo removed ; and when thLi is ( tone , all parties will be in a better position for discerning
what is best for them ; and they wil ! advance in proportion as they use the knowledge ; hey acquire in harmony with the universal good . Mr .. O Connell promises fixity of tenure in land , plenty of occupation for the people at good wages , and the removal of the church revenues to educational uses , as tbe highest advantages that he can at present hold out ; but he will soon be made to discern that the coinmoaest capacity will be placed far above being agitate' ) for such parposes as . these ; and in the meantime ho cannot do better than go on , giving and receiving thaf , experience which will adapt him for still higher purposes * and enable him to increase that great amount ; of good which he haa already been made the ins t . njtnenb of acquiring for his countrymen , and through thsai for humanity at large . J am , Sir , your obedient Servant , William OalpiH . Concordium , Ham Common , Surrey . August 14 , 1843 .
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UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD ; LETTER XXII . TO THE EDITOE OF , THB N 0 BTHEHN STAR . Sir , —Intny last letter , ] I endeavoured to pour&ray a faiut outline of the present position of the eooial , political , and religions affairs of this country . From the heavy pressure of important matter upon yoat columns / fourteen days inatead of seven have elapsed Bince I wrote ; and tha downward movement In the meantime has been so rapid that this letter might well be filled with new evidences of decay . But as the time for preparing for the great change that ia to come will necessarily be limited j in proportion as tbe destruction is rapid . I shall ( merely ask your xeadexs to
bear in mind , that I am not regardless of events as they pass ; and that it is also their duty , calmly and coolly , to look at all new movements , for they are ail the necessary preparatives for their improved condition ; and I shall now go forward ] to the next division of my subject , namely , " To examine the various remedies that have hitherto been proposed to remove what has been found oppressive . " ] The improvements and discoveries in mechanics and chemiatry , aided by the general diffusion of the elements of knowledge throughout society , have placed the people of this century in a different position to those of any former period ; and wht > n they shall have been enlightened to discern truly their own interest , nothing
will be more easy , plain , and simple , than the introduction , aa it were by magic , otjeyery measure necessary to givehign prosperity and happiness to the . people of thia country ; and , through them , to extend throughout the world tiioae high and noble gifts which the Great Creating Power of the Universe has so liberally and bountifully provided for the use of his creatures . Steam power , aided by euperivr mechanism , and as * sisted by the daily growing intelligence of the people , has been the means of introducing changes which never could have beaa contemplated by the people even of the last century ; and these changes are the merest trifle , when compared with what could immediately be done in this department .
There is one man alone , Mr . J . A . Etaler , Who is soon to arrive in this country , ¦ whosa views you will aee represented in the letters of JMr . StoHmeyer , now beine inserted in the Star , who possesses ideas which appear most simple and practical for the introduction of powers aa much beyond anything pa now have , as the most powerful engine yet constructed is to the unassisted physical strength of a singlejuneducated man . Knowledge and power may now be procured to any extent that can posaibly be' conceived desirable ; and there are all the elements at band for giving to every individual what he ! may require ; bat there is one thing wanting that cannot be too soon , or too eagerly sought for , as the bond is to unite us for every good work , and this is love , j
Nearly two thousand years ago , a precept was delivered to his disciples , by one who was intimately acquainted with human nature , ] to the following effect : — " That they should love one another ; " and ia describing this feeling , he saysl " It has been said , thou 8 balt love thy neighbour , and hate thine enemy . Bus I say unto you , love your enemies , bless them that curse you ; do good to them pat hate you ; and pray for them which despitefully use you and persecute yen ; " and it will not be until our practice is iu accordance with this precept , that we shall enjoy all tbe benefits that aro in store for us .
I must not , however , digress j my business is to call your attention to the essential points of difference between the present and former periods of human history . We have now plenty of power , plenty of knowledge ; and when we have an eojoat amount of love , we shall immediately place thia power and knowledge In suoh relation to the universal good as shall supply all liberally with everything necessary for their well-being ; whereas , at every : former period , the main body of the people were ignorant and nninstructed , and were the dependents of a ) few who could not see how others were to be provided for as well as them selves , and who were therefore afraid to act liberally lest it might produce their own destruction ! and that of their immediate relations and friends .
To the reflecting mind it -must daily become more evident that the universal good Is the only toad to individual happiness ; and the ! indications on all sides of tu testify th&t , jhowev « | alarming and terrifying events may for the moment appear , we are on the eve of procuring advantages such as man never before possessed . The love of war appears to bave subsided to a great extent among the people ; and although ambitious or disappointed rulers may desire to revert to it , theyar « tery considerably ] checked by a far mote enlightened general public opinion than has ever been
known before . Religious disabilities have been much removed to what they were ; and although men are still too much shocked by the expressions of those ' who cannot believe with them , yet an immense difference in this respect exists between the present and any former period . A desire for association has also been gaining ground among the people of alt countries ; and when they shall have made a little further profit experience , they will be in } a state to assist most essentially in the introduction of the new order of things which it will be mj duty to poiat oat
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Serious Collision between H . B . m . Ship Electra and the french flshekmen on tub l ' oasr of Newfoundland . —The brig Science , which Srrived at Cork late on Friday night , in sixteen days from St . John's Newfoundland , has brought over James Tobins , Esq . with despatches from Sir John Harvey ; the Governor Of the island , tb the British Government . They relate to a serious collision which took place , a few days before tho Sciouce left St . Johns , between her "Majesty ' a ship Electra . bf 18
cans , and tha French fishermen . It appeaT 3 that the fi 8 herjneu had begun to take bait on British ground * were repeatedly warned off , but refusing to 6 bey § were fired upon by the Heotri , stationed there for the- purpose of protecting the British ground * when one man was killed and several wounded ^ This untoward collision had easiteKi ^ considerable sensation ! at St . Johns , and tbe Governor b « d deemed it of snoh importance as to forwwrd dwpatches hoine . by Mr . Tobw , on the day of whose departure » French frigate had arrived to demand expianation .
_ Thb IUght ob Visit ah » , , op ^ Seabch . —Mj * ™ . - ¦ TV one of the depnty . BheriffaToi manners most polite tod of bearing most ^ Uatifitoilletf-yef terday at a house , m executioa ^ f his dtityywu « r fie met an amiable and interesting joun « lady . "i am come , madam , said the organ of the law , calmly raising bis hat from his head , and makings at the same time ; a gentle inclination of the body-S ^* I am come madam , to pay you a visit 1 " < - ' Sir / said the ; lady , •» you are ^ elcome . TrPray , teseated . To whom , may I aak , am I indabtedfojt this unexpected act of cbuttesyl' * . H Why , tBefact iB i madam ? eaid the dfiJ % I have an attachment for eartain aMiclea o ^ Drooerttr
which I have reason to believe aw secret'in thia house , and for which I feel hound to > makaaaearoh , " ** Reatty , Bir / 1 JuSA the lady , froai ^ f ^ manner When yoB first entered , I imagined it ; wa ¥ ror myself you Sad the attachment , and I -thereforfe ? fc » de yoa welcome ; I must now teU you , howS ^ Wj that though in favour of the right of visit , 1 amjgfgjdedly opposed to the right of Bearch , sa . witKsonri per ^ - mission I will show you to the . door . " ^ - /^ llr , T--r- ^— bid too inaohnatiye j ^ lHitry in him to offer any opposition , to the ^ will of ao pretty a lady ; so , puttihg \ his grey castor on what phrenologiats call the chamber of the brain , he bade this female follower of the Cass policy , a " very good morning , " and withdrew . —2 V . . Pteayune .
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^ ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 19, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1226/page/7/
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