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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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LINES TO T , S . DTTSCOIEBB JSQ ., HP . GrdeMv inserted to Mm at ** - ^ iatd ° ? Liberty * «** v J " iAe people 3 Charter . Tneni of the poor , th * o&Z *** ' * ¦ , ^? adrecate Of toning iDJured worth , a peoy Je 8 r ^ 5 Thy country looks to tbee ¦ with bope fc » 3 te ; Proud of her champion -who jo nobly fights , Contending , trampling on corruption ' s neck ; Uer meanly fawning at the feet of power . Of those -who could , but will not deign to break Onr Mi-Tile bonds : they iri . l hot reign their hour : And onr lord land shall yet be , most be , free J How soon we mkht from these at ones be freed : If all pretending Irienda were men like
thee—As ably , as dmntersEted plead . Baft , Dnncombe ! then hast fixisly , nobly stood 1 "Cndannted still , although alone . The rock That mocks the storm , resists the surging flood , Is only riYen by the earthquake ' s shock ; So ba « t thon stood , so mayst thon always stand—SdlJ honoured and revered , esteemed by all , Th" ur fl aching leader of a patriot band , To batten on and triumph in the fail Of vile-Class legislation . I may live To see thee yet a grey-bair'd patriot , sage— ^ The watchword—freedom—onward still to give The star , the admiration of the age ! G . BuH .
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3 ESB VOICE ANI > PElf . O . ' the orator ' s voice is a mighty power , As it echoes from shore to shore , And the fearless pen lias more sway o ' er men Than the murderous cannon ' s roar ! What bnrsta the chain far o ' er the main , And brightens the captive ' s den ? Tis the fearless pen and the -voice of power—Hurrah i for the voice and pen I Hurrah J Hurrah 1 for the voice and pen J The tyrant knaves who deny onr Tijjhts ,
And the cowards who blanch with fear , y ^ i-ittim ¦ witb glee— " No arms have ye , Hot cannon , nor sword , nor spear . ' Tour bills are ours , with onr forts and towers , We are masters of mount and glen !" Tyrants beware ! for the arms -are bear Are ths veiee and the fearless pen i Hnrrah 1 Hnrrah ! for the -voice and the pen ! Though yonr horsemen stand with their bridles in band And your sentinels walk around ; Though yonr matches Eire in the midnight air , And your brsx = n trumpets sound ; O ! fbe orator ' s tongue shall he heard among These listening warrior men ; A »< 1 tbeyll quickly say— "Why shonld we slay Onr friends of the vedse and ptu ?" Hnrrah J HnrrahJ for the voice and pen !
When the Lord created the earth and sea , The stars and the glorions snn , She Godhead spoke , and the universe woke . ' And the misbty work was deneI Xet a ward be flung from the orator ' s tongne , Or a drop from the fearless pen , And the chains accursed asunder burst * fh « t- fettered the minds of men 1 Hurrah I Hnrrah ! for the voice and pen 1
O ! these are the swords -with -which we figtt , - The aros in which we trust , Which no tyrant will dare to brand , "Which tame cannot dim or mat ! "When these we Vore we triumphed before—With these well triemph again ' And die world will say—No power can stay Ths voice and the fiarl&ss pen ! Hnrrah ! Hurrah . ' for tie voice and pen ! DESM 05 D . —The Naiion .
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THE DEATH SOSG OP CHAITERTON . Would I were dead 1 snch are the words of woe That steal upon my sadly-waking hours ; WooMl were dead ! my roirit longs to go Par from this wintry -world of fading flowers ; My blood runs slowly , and my feeble brain Shrinks from the toil that makes men glad and great ; Remorse sits , near me , on her throne- of pain , /¦ nfl my ehIH * d heart feels lose and desolate . Would I were dead 1 I love the solemn stillness of the grave—The dreamy mystery of that silent hall , Ambition ' s robe may deck ambition ' s slave—Wrap my worn body in a funeral palL Peace must be there—or if not peace , the spell Which bursts the icon hinges of the tomb , / -nrt bids the longing soul for ever quell Tiia ceaseless wish to know its final doom . Would 1 were dead 1
Why art thon all so cold and stem , O Death ? Why doth such horror creep upon the face That beanrd with beauty , till the parting breath Left thy dank fingers to Impress their trace ? Thon can ' st u-1 scare ne from thy spirit-isnd By such poor badges and parade of fear ; Stretch forth , thou Terror-king , thy gririy hand , I dread sot thee , nor sgk to linger here . Would 1 -were dead 2 I would not pass in pain—but calm and still , On some f&lx evening , when the sun was low , Whilst the soft zsphyr brushed th' antnmnal hill , Waving the drooping flow ' rets to and fro ; Then would I ponder , if the trackless flight Of my freed seal would lie through yosder skies ; And think that , ere the stats had gemm'd the night , I might have power to grasp their myeterier . Would I were dead ! But J have sinned—low and vile desires
Hsvb made my sullied heart their foul abode ; And I have kindled , . at forbidden fires , The lamp that should have burnt before my God , Dare I to die—I dare I—I shrink from life , Tfot iroHi the chastening of a parent hind , And feel amid this scene of bootless strife Xike & sad exile from my father land . Would I were dead Come back 1 come back 1 ye radiant dreams of youth , Fair-s % eming visions of my earlier days ; Come , as ye shone , ere the stern power of truth Had dimmed the fairy lustre of your rsya . ' Ah , no I—tiej come not , each in his bright car Speeds to the misty region of the past ; 1 see tbeir wild eyes glancing from afar , Their parting song floats on the sighing blast Would I were dead ! In those far worlds that star the midnight-sky ,
There must be seme blest resting-place from woe , Where the ethereal spirit may defy The grovelling cares that clog its course below ; There haply , freed from earth , its nobler light Jiitfbt half atone for all its errors Jitre , And those lest aspirations , pure and bright , Slay meet fulfilment in its new career . Would I were dead ! E . S .
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EMIGRATION TO THE TROPICAL WORLD , ToR THE MELIORATION OF ALL CLASSES OF PEOPLE OF ALL NATIONS , by Johs A . Etzleb . London ; Watson , Paul ' s Alley , &C ., &c . Mr . Etzler is knows to the English pablio , though not as ex ^ cEEjvejy as he deserves to be , as the author of that original and singular work , "Paradise mthin the reach of all Tnen . "B . e > has for the last few months been residing in England , and has been , we believe , engaged in experimentalizing oq a ponion of Ms theories bv making working models of somBof
Ice machines suggested bj him as substitutes for iun > an labour . In the pamphlet before ns , Mr . Etzl . r proposes the original and startling scheme of learning the poverty-stricken masses -of Europe from the scei . es cf their present strngles and sufferings , to the finest bonndJess regions Ijing within the tropMcal belt ,- where Mr . Eizler maintains that they may ] 1 Te in the midst of perpetual abnndanc ^ -w ^ ihout the shadow of a fear of " over poprilatton cr any state of thmgs ever existing similar to thai winch now renders Europe one vast arena oi tjraimv on the one hand , acd misery on the other .
As a sample of the work we give the following extraeii : — JiooM rojt "sr 2 Pi . rs y opcLATioys . " Xelust . ow see what conutrifes in ti . at btlt ef 4 000 ttilfc * i-ioad , and 25 , 000 miles long , the British <^ ovemmtat dcuuiiten over : — Jn the West Indies ... _ $ 158 square miles . Guiana „ . S 5 000 Honduras 10 , 000 Aincn * , ~ ..... 120 000 Asia ..., 539 , 273 ... ' Ansttalia ... ^ .. ^ ..... a . Oi-0 , 000
In all 1 , 773 . 430 square maea . That is about fifteen times as cxterarre as Great Britain * Bd lifeisxd , and lJiOO fenta u productive as that cnipirt ; capable of feeding several thousand ttnes the popBlatlon of the British Bmpjra in Europe ; bmt on *»« ttvBs ^ ga ^ ¥ , ^ » p 6 El » fa ) prodBc « the food and all *« phjBcal oMusarin o ! at l » st lOO . OC ^ ooo . Mt fcKi , or one hnDdied Uom all the present population sojtheeirth . ' - ' - - ' - - Bffllthis Islam Vast onfrcxteroth of all th » tripteal oatitriaa . Ther « are the conntrifeg of tropical Anerica , tquaQ y open to emigranis , amonijtingto nearly 7 , 000 , 000 ftP *** miles , ot . about four tima aa ^ extensive as all WBBrjfeQ poBsesaioniin that belt ; consequently capa-^ of feeding 400 , 000 , 000 , 000 atn—that is , about WItinies thepofulaUonof all the -world , and 2 , 000 £ mes an the populafion of Europe . Still there are JW 0 . OQO tquare milea in Kew Holland , capable of « ecUng soo times the European population . There are
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yet oier millions of squire mileB open to Europeans in Africa , and miDions of square miles ! n tropical Asia . Bat the stupid Eorapean is afraid cf famine and over population . He thinks himself very wise when he drudges and toll" to get a few trifling conveniences &ud comforts and protection again ** ? ^ Jd climate j or to get some advantages , by Borne trick 6 F tlher , over bis neighbour ; or to suggest some scheme or c £ ai > S ° * government to diminish a little the taxes ; or to dev . ^ workhouses to make the destitute labour for a poor pittance of food and projection against the inclemencies of the weather ; or to suggest means to check increase of population ; or this or that small relief of poor sufferers ; ihiB orthat rocial reform , or other small scheme * He is like a cock on his own dunghill , which takes that for his world , suffers no other one there , fights him , and does not budge , though bonEfJless beautiful fields of pasture and grains be open to his sight for hia plt&Eure and over-abundance of food .
FOOD IN THE TBOP 1 CS . ils '" z 3 is one of the most valuable , if not the moBt valuable , grain for man . Its flour is fit for all kinds of pastry , ana iqu&lin untiinitnt , if not superior , to wheat . It is the chief food of the American population in the south and north . It nay , by proper cultivation , be planted in rows three feet apart , in holes three feet apart , each bole growiDg three stalks , and each fclalk may produce , on an average , two ears , each ear containing 500 to 800 traits , and 100 eara giving somewhat more than one bushel of grains , wpighing abont 60 ] ba . Const qa ^ iitly , one square rod may contain , at least , five rows , each row five holes , each of three stalks , each of two tare , which will be equal to five tisies fivs , and ihi » tWe tlmeB trwo , equal
to 150 ears , or rather more than lj bushel of corn ; which will be for one acre | 160 tquare rods ) 240 bushels , and upwaros , cr at least 350 bushels . In tropical regions , with proper irrigation and cultivation , may be raised in every year four crops ; consequently , one acre there will produce torn times 250 , or 1 000 bushelB . It is found that , on an avenge , ten bushels afford all the substantial food for 100 human individuals . But this is not all . Between the ma Be may be planted melons , pumpkins , and other creeping plants . Pumpkins may yield , for every hole of majze , lOlbs of puip , which makes for twenty-five holes on one iquare rod 25 Qlbs ., ax > d for one acre , or 160 square rods , 2 S 0 times Sit , or 4 B , 0901 bs ., and in lour c / ops anuualiy , KW . OOOibs . This piilp may be converted into sugar , or preservatives , as a Very wholesome , palatable ,
and nourishing food , or ingredient of it , Desires the seeds used for poultry , or for oil of the best quality . Besides these products ths same acre may pear palms of the very best quality for man as food or articles of conveniences . Palms make very little shade , and take no more room than their trunk occupies on the ground- Natnre there shows in its spontaneous growth a similar picture—trees composing a dense tall fortst—above which tower the crowns of palms , underneath and between them are found enormous creepers spindling up and down the trees , the ground and the ¦ very trunks of trees wre covered "With moss , and all is full of vegetation and life there , provided there be no want of wawr ; and water may be supplied at all times of the year aoywbere by proper arrangeBifcnts , to be treated upon hereafter .
Maize is not the only plant of such productiveness . The banana tribes may yield on one square rod 1 . 100 to l , 2 t 0 iba . annually good nutritive stuff , enough to feed & man entirely . Millions of human beings live npon that plant chiefly . It iB their staff of life , and much more so than bread is to Europeans . They make fifty different preparations of it , also lour , pastry , and bread .
JU 3 ITATI 0 SS , CLO 1 HIS& , * C . In a country where there is no winter , it requires but a xm ° Jl hut for a family to live quite comfortable . And this hnt can be built in one day , or in a few hours , of sticks , or canes , or bamboos ; the roofs and walls covered with leaves as large as a man , impenetrable by water . The bamboos grow twenty to sixty feet in length , and five to fifteen inches in diameter ; a ; e hollow , and can be split in halves , which , pressed flat and dried , form boards . A bam doo gr ovb of one acre produces , in two years after planting , a quantity of readymade timber for a town of thousands of inhabitants . They are bani as bone nearly , being very durable . The bamboos serve also lor ready-made vessels for liquids and a thousand other purposes , also for barrels .
Next objects are the clothes , which need to consist but of thin muslin or other cottou stuff , which is so very cheap aow , that a man or woman may dress elegantly all the yea' for eight or ten shillings' worth ; shoes may be had cheap or for nothing , ready made by nature of caoutchouc , and hats of leaves ready made by nature . Puraiture may consist of a number of mats or cushions of cc-tton stuff or caoutchouc , or some other cheap stuff filled with cotton or other materials costing nothing , which mats or cushions' may be laid along the
walls , and aerre for seats , and conches , or beds ; and for each person a small table in addition , self made of split bamboos , may be all the furniture required for the best conveniences of man or woman . Cooking utensils rosy consist of one or two metal pots , to the value of five or six shillings at most , lasting for ever to a family , and as many cops , plates , bowU , spoons , buckets , ice * c , aa one may please , all of the shells of gourds , or calebasees , beniboos , fc& , ready made by nature , except cutting them open and taking their contents out .
Tntse ore all the physical wants besides food for a rational hiwi ox woman—the total expences in capital , once fur ever , may amount to one ponud st&ling , and the annual expences to half that sum fer each person , if everything be bought ; which latter txpencea may require , possibly , two or three days' labour in a year for raising' a surplus of productions to sell , For the author ' s replies to the probable objections as to climate , pestilence , ean > quakes , noxionB animals , reptiles , &o ,, we mnst reier our readers to the pamphlet itself .
Mr . Etzler proposes to commence the carrying out of this scheme by the formation of a company , ( which seemingly already partially exists ) , an outline of the constitution of whieh is given . It appears that the government of Tenezoela , has made an ofE-r to the company of a tract of wild land ^ of many square leagues , in the neighbourhood of either the River Orinoco , of Cumana , or of Caracas ; and that this offer is intended to be accepfed , in the event of a better one not beiDg found . Full particulars are given of the climate , products &c » of this territory . The Company say ;—M We are inclined at present to choose the declivities of the mountains of Caracas aed the adjacent plains along the sea , in as far ss unappropriated yet , and of good soil ; and shall probably take up our abode there , unless information of a still belter part should very soon reach us . "
We recommend the pamphlet to onr readers ; and at the sume lime beg Tespecifwlj to suggest to Mr . Etzler the propriety , if possible , of bringing his news on this and other subjects , more extensively before the public , throngh the medium of lectures , Ice . We have no doubt that Jarge andiences would be found , both in London and the country , to listen to his discourses .
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that it may slide through bis capacious aliameBtary canal the more easily ? Shall 1 not rather take him by the wrist—smite him ev « n—and blec : rifying him with thoughts and rough healthy speeches—leave him to digest them at bia leisure ? Aye truly J—do this , or anything elBe , however harsh u bo , so-that he may be pnt into coromnnfeatkm with the soul , and not periBh in th « idiocy of & tzlso life . Never let ns be ao forgetful of the etern mnjesty of the soul—so mean and pige ^ Q-lfrered as to ttoup and kneel to an idol&tor of mammon , and an imefceile mutterer of dead creeds and prayers . * * *
Tour Botiety 1 b a horrid butcher , and turns the earth into a slaughter houBe ef virtue . What with its Aristocracj—Ub laws of Primogeniture and Entail—its Poor Laws— Game Laws—Corn Laws—no Education Xaws—and no Representation Laws—tfee peeple have enough to do to get bread , —they have indeed hardly cccuponce enough left to cry unto these griping masters of theirs " Hold I" and all their talent and spiritual energy are crushed in the struggle and scramble for existence .
I know a wiser plan than this bullying of human nature . It is this : —Lay the axe at the root of these political and social institutions , and create a new society—a democracy of virtue . Let tbe laws encourage the unfolding of the spiritual nature , and protect the higher properties of honesty and truth . Trinkets and gold trumpery have been legislated for so long , that we have have almost come to believe there is nothing else worthy of a law . Our ideas of property have banished onr ideas of justice and of the inalienable
rights of man . Man is good to make BOldiers of—to dig in the piu » nd mines—to toil that property may eat and be idle—to plant canebrakta of sugar—to be sold even to make dollars , for property ; but fer any other purpose he is so much muck and carrion . I will proclaim , however , wi ! b tuy one voice at least , that man is greater and worthier than all the horses , and dogs , and moi . ey bags , and lands , and three per cents , and funds , and exchequer bills , in this lying social state of England , or the world .
The author is rather outrageous in some of his poetical figures ; eucq as " an angel broken upon the wheel 1 ' " the bloody mantle of a slaughtered God ! " and " a blind devil running his mad horns , and entangling himself in the thickets of Paradise !" Even " the poet ' s eye , in a fine frenzy rolling , " can BcaTcely excuse such monstTositkB as these . The tract has one grand feature—its sincerity . The author is evidently in earnest , and feels what he writes . We have , therefore , no hesitation in recommending it to our readers .
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MADAME D'ARUSMONT . 10 THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAB .. Sib ., —I have already adverted te the biographical notice of myself which appeared in your columns of the Itth ulc and the 1 st instant , and requested permission to make a few observations suggested by the perusal . I feel this a duty on my part , Sir , necessitated by the tone of eulogy in which those letters were crouched . Bad the eulogy been merely personal ; I mean , had it been confined to rendering tribute to the rectitude of
my intentions , to the consistency of my public career , and to the devotional ardour of a life consecrated , as I honestly believe without intermission , to the search after truth , and to the propagation of the same trnth with a view to its final triumph in human practise ; had the eulogy been confined to tb'B , I should have let it pass without cottHient Bat , however willing to let pass a tribute of entbusiaEXP to my public cause in general , I must be permitted to dissent from ths unqualified approbation bestowed on my published works .
With respect to these , 8 ir , they were well enough under the circumstances , and with the young experience which inspired them . And , even now , take them in ths whole , I think it probable they may contain more truth and less error than has been often pat forward by any leader of the public mind . I take this , in all probability to be the case far tbre « reasons ; 1—That I have written and spoken in a country which , by the acknowledged principle of its institn * tient , guarantees the freedom of human thought , Bpeech , and action , and even renders the exercise of that freedom , on proper occasions , incumbent on its citizens . 2—That I have never looked to any moaied or other reward ; never courted or accepted any patty support , and never ambltioned popularity either among the many or the few .
*—That 1 have never , at any moment of my public life , made a suggestion , or uttered a word , that I did not , at the time , conscientiously believe both ttue in itself , and useful , either to the public safety at the time , or to the progress of human improvement in the future . Thus much of sincere conscientiousness most of my hearers and readers may have attributed to ma But what they cannot have suspected is , what I am about te explain . : Not only have I never , as a public teacher , expressed a sentiment which I did not regard as both strictly true and practically useful at the time it was uttered ; but , whenever I have distinguished the slightest admixture of error in any view or any counsel presented
to the public , I have withdrawn it on the instant An admixture of error , and that of a serious character , I distinguished in my discourse on religion , after I had published the second American edition of the volume of lectures now current in & cheap and popular form in this : country . No sooner did I clearly distinguish the admixture ef error to which I advert , and which it is my intention to elucidate , than I endeavoured to prevent any farther general circulation of the work containing it Unfortunately , bowever , the stereotyped plates of my lectures were removed during a period of time from my centronl ; nor was it until many editions had been thrown off that I cenld conveniently recover the plates and bury them , as I have done for eight years past , in the darkness of a cellar .
I must observe , however , that with respect to tbe circulation of the volume of lectures known in this country , I have always regarded the evil &s comparatively small , conceiving the error it comprised to be bo little developed , and so much ceunteracted by the whole tenor of the context , as might authorise ne to hope the good effected by the volume would more than counterbalance the evil . Not bo , however , with respect to " EpicnruB , " or , aa it was christened to soften the alarm of ita first London publisher , " A Few Days in Athess . " That little work , hastily entered on at the age of eighteen , to enliven a few winter evenings of some friends in the country , and then &s hastily thrown aside , was first published in London ( down to the close of the twelfth chapter ) , at the request of a Greek scholar . One edition from a London copy appeared in the United Staves without any agency of mine .
It is tine that I had even then penned the substance of the tbiee chapters preceding , and preparing fer , the speech of Epicorns on Religion . But , fit that time , these I carefully withheld not only from publication , but from every eye , feeiing that I could not as yet have matured my views , and being harassed with some doubts as to the utility or safety of catting through the root of superstition while that of the tree of knowledge was scarcely planted in the soil of the human mind . How far this might have been done by other writers , I knew but imperfectly ^ ' The pkilosophical works of Voltaire and other . French authors I bad not then opened ; and the few English works in the sceptical , argumentativeor metaphysical stylewhich had fallen
, , in ray way , appeared to me bb » rure , " and insufferably dull and Udlous . My own' view > of natwre ' -were simple eoDclusJoni of the mind , drawn from th « sftady of ctoemUtry and physic * . This will explain say eontinual refersneai to natural phenomena , ia support of very view I may at any timt have advaieed ; ' and will farther explain the censure I have ever pass ** on disputations , argumentation , and mere bandying of words with ignoranoe and error—an operation which , as alike conducted by our sects , Christian " and anti-ChrisUan , has ever appeared to » e to originate , tonally in both parties . In a total misconception of tbe nature of opinions , and equally of the nctiurt ef all irulh , wheiber physical , moral , or intellectual . ' - ' >
It was in the year 1826 , and while engaged in the state of Tennessee in xny experiment on tbe slave question , tfcat 2 wai led , fry the general fermentation of tbe
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public mind on religious matters , to revert w > the little p&iloBophical treatise for some years forgotten . . JwS- ^ T S . ^ 11 * eXQited fcy *« caoals and ' ^ e ambition of the ^ Ciergy of multitudinous Christian secto . was met either by confused and contradictory lucubrations ofliberal writers , or by the disputatious dogmafc ism of antt-ohtiBiian writers . Both appeared to me equftlly unworthy of the occasion . I was at the time riroggling for life between the relapses of fever ; and , expecting to succumb , made an effort to render , what I conceived would be my last services to the caase of truth and human Improvement Unable to sit up or to bear the light , I dictated from my bed , and in darkness , first the deed of trust of my Tenesse Property , consecrating it aud the labourers upon it to the object for which I had mad » the investment , and , afterwards , with many interruptions from disease , the speech of Epicurus on Reliaion .
I am somewhat minute in the detail of circumstances , because it is my -wiah to convey to the public a sense of the deep conscientiousness which inspired tbat production , and which equally inspired ite first circulation by myself in & fiying sheet , and then through tn « columns of a liberal publication , the New Harmony GaaeiU , to which I forwarded it for insertion . It is thus perhaps that I may beat -win credit for equal conscientiousness in my subsequent endeavours to withhold from circulation all the parts of a work which , I soon distinguished as generally defective , and « ven in Borne of the tendencies of its last Chapter , decidedly
mischeivous . My Intention had always been to defer any regular publication of the work in a volume until its completion and satisfactory revision ; desiring to present in It , a beau ideal sketch of society in . an advanced stage of civilizition , and as we may rather expect it to be in the future than conceive it to have been in the past . And my intention also was to bequeath in it , to posterity , a Treatise of Practical Philosophy , as devoid of ertor and as replete with truth , aa my moHt conscientious reflection could supply to uiy fellow creatures . This had been a favourite idea with me ; and I bad already prepared some chanters with more care , and
therefore , probably with more skill than any of the preceding , wjien I received In Pads a request that 1 would consent , as a good monied speculation , to the publication in New York of the work as then existing only in the forgotten pages of an obscure journal . I , oi course refused to consent , and distinctly motived siy refusal ; when , to my amazement , tbe volume was issued with , my name on tbu title page , nut only as author , but as associated publisher . This sudden appearance of my Epicurus , with all his imperfections on his head , occasioned me so much mortification as completely to disgust me with my parentage , and has prevented me from ever putting my hand to him again .
To have exposed this singular violation of property and propriety , though it might have gratified the hostility of Christian sects and political parties , could not have remedied the evil . I contented myself therefore witn » fc zing the first occasion of pre-Bentiog new and corrected viewa ot the subject erroneunBly treated in my earlier < fforts .. This I did in a discourse ou the Nature and History ef Human Civilization considered in the Past , the Present , and the Future . Ibis discourse , delivered in various cities of tbe American Federation , between the years 1836 and 1840 , has not been published , nor am I in any hurry to do so .
I have been , and am desirous of maturing and enlarging my own views by repeated revision . ; well knowing by experience tbat it is easier to give currency to imperfection and error , than to amend eUhet when circulated The spoken errors of a public teacher can be amended in successive Icbbods ; but hia printed and published errors ever glare upon his Bight like tbe fabled writing on the wall . Nay 1 they stick , as they ought to stick , to his conscience , like the poisoned shirt to the back of the demigod j for , worse than all . ' they fix a plague spot on that very human mind which it is his sacred mission to sanify and enlighten .
Few , I trust , are the serious offences of this nature which lie at my door : tbat there should be one ia to me a source of pain . In my adopted country , I am perhaps authorized to hope that my more reeent labours , and the removal of my works from the hands of the publio until circumstances shall permit to me their careful revision , have tended to weaken any former erroneous impressions . In this my visit to my native country of Britain , I find , at once with regret and satisfaotion , with mortification and pleasure , that the work * which I have temporarily stifled on the other side of tbe Antlantic are generally current The chief error which they comprise it is my intention to explain . When I shall have done so , I trust tbat the publishers of my works in London will see the propriety of prefixing to any future editions the strictures upon them furnished by their author . I fear , Sir , to have drafted too largely on your editorial liberality , and hasten to subscribe myself . With the highest respect , your ' a , F . W . D ARUSMONT . Dundee , June 20 th , 1814 .
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DEATH OF THOMAS CAMPBELL , ESQ AUTHOR OF "THE PLEASURES OF HOPE . " We announced in our last the death of this gifted poet . The following sketch of this " noble of nature , " extracted from tbe Morning Chronicle , will be found highly interesting : —It is with sincere regret we announce tbe death of this amiable man and celebrated and accomplished poet , which took place on Saturday , the 15 th inst ., at Boulognc-sur-Mer , whither he had retired for the tbe benefit of his henUh . Mr . Campbell , we believe , was in his sixty-fourth year , and was a native of Glasgow . Ia early life be occupied tbe situation of tutor in a 'private family , residing on the sea-coast of the island of Mull , and while there planned ,
and partly executed , bis celebrated poem " The Pleasures of Hope . ' ! Mr . Campbell afterwards removed to Edinburgh ; and again , after a abort interval , to London- He nettled at Sydenham , and devoted himself to literature . The success of his poem , " The Pleasures of Hope , ' procured him admission into the most intellectual sooiety of London , and he was universally recognised as one of the brightest stars in that bright galaxy of poets who shed a lustre on the first quarter of the present century . The mingled eloquence and fervour ; of bis style—the independence and liberality of bis ideas—and the nobleness of his aspirations for tbe freedom and improvement of mankind—rendered him a great accession to the liberal cause in those days , when liberalism was a
greater merit , and lets widely extended than it is now ; and the warmest aspirations were iadulgfd in of the future career of tbe young poet . He successively published the poems of " Gertrude of Wyoming , " which he himself preferred to tbe " Pleasures of Hope , " and in which verdict tbe best judges of poetry agree ; " Theodoric , " various songs and ballads , and more lately "The Pilgrim of Glencoe . " His " Tneodorio ' baa found but few admirers ; bis ' Pi grim of Glencee , " written In the decline of bis years and imagiQation , still fewer ; but the universal voice of criticism has pronounced bis lyrics to be , without exception , the finest in the language . Tbete is nothing equal of tbeir bind in the whole range ot our literature to " The Battle of the Baltic , " " Ye Mariners of England , " and "Hohenlin
den ;"' lyrics which , indeed , to use tbe words of Sir Philip Sydney , in speaking of the ballad of Chevy Chace , " stir the hfiart like the sound of a trumpet " Many others of his ballads and lyrics are scarcely inferior ; " Lochitl's Warning , " " Lord UUin ' B Daughter , " The Soldier ' * Dream , " " The Last Man , " " Wiesbaden's Gentle Hind , " and others , rise before us as we recall them to our memory , and make us deplore tbat the poet who could write to well would write so little , and that he has left the world no more compositions like these—so fine in conception , so elegant and s » vigorous in execution , and so tender and so true in their sentiment . Mr . Campbell , besides publishing a selection from the British po- ta , which baa become a standard work , was the autbor of various prose
compositions , which , bad be not been so great a poet , would alone have gained him fame ; but the merits of which were comparatively obscured by the greater blsaa of that more difficult and more glorious renown which encircles tbe true poet The principal prese works be wrote were , a " Life of Mrs . Slddons , " and a " Life of Petrarch . " He also published " Letters from Algiers , " whither he went for a eboit vieit in 1832 . and moro recently edited a " Life of Frederick tbe Great . " Mr . Campbell was at one time connected with tbe Star newspaper . He afterwards edited tbe Ntvo Monthly Magazine , nnd , on retiring from that office , established the Metropolitan , which , however , he did not long continue to ed . it Our own columns have been frequently' enriched by contributions from his
pen . Mr . Campbell enjoyed a pension of three hundred pounds * a . year , conferred upon him , we believe , through the influence of CbaileB James Fox , bis ardent admirer and steady friend—a pension which no one ever said was ill bestowed . B . t the highest honour conferred upon him was when his fellow citizens , the students of Glasgow , elected him Lord R ctor of the University—a homage to bis genius sis nattering as i ! was rate , and to which be always referred with honest ptide . He was al « o inainiy instrumental in founding , and , we believe , '( JriginatfeU the acutme of the Ltnuniii University * ' Mr . Campbell visited Germany in 1842 , and at hisireturn , having lived sinc « the death of bit wife in . the comparative loneliness of chambers , took a hfcus ' e'in Victorin-iquare , KttDsington , aid devoted hu time to tbe education of bis niece . He fcuna , bowever , that his health was failing , and he retired about
a year ago to Boulogne , where , for some time , be derived benefit from tbe change of air aad scene . . But tbe benefit was of short duration ; and , though for some months previous to hia death he' held'but littlt intercourse with hia friends in London , it Was generally known that be waa fast failiag . ; Hl » . attached friend and physician , Dr . William Be&tUe . ^ ho far a period of ne * Tly twenty years baddevoled hiBtileata and attention to him when needed , and to whom , ia token of his gratitude , the poet dedicated Jjf « j last work , " The Pilgrim of Glenooe , " received information , last week of the dangerous state of W « friend , and immediately proceeded to Boulogne . He found him in a state much worse than he had been led to anticipate , and continued to admtaiater all the remedies that profwsional skill could dictate , but In vain ; and death closed the scene on Saturd&y Bfurnoon ! aat , in the presence of hia niece , tic . BtaUie , and hia medical
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* The Weekly ( Dupatcbfi&ya this Is an error , the aum was £ 200 per annum .
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v > . 1 . was rathei- under the middle aaeudants . Mr . C&tBp * j , was considered eminently height , and in his y « m > i . portrait of him by Sir handsome . There ia a fist , \ 3 ur . BiUy and Mr . Toomaa Lawrence , and $ Us { 8 ^ xcelleut aud charac-Patriok Park ; the latter a rsofflS * . seated within tbe teristic likeness of the post , as he ap * -ve na e beard ,, last four or five years . Mr . Campbett , * ^\ jie income enjoyed , besides hia pension , a comfecW - aUo had { rom the aale of his poeticil works ; #$ ** means received recently a considerable accession to' S $ * from the lagacy of a friend and relative . «« The following additional particulars are from" t * K Weekly Dispatcli : — j ' Two observations should be made . Mr . Campbell gave up nearly the whole- ef his pension to his twi sisters , and when Lord Melbourne proposed an increase ' of the amount , be replied that be bad quite enough , f and that there were other authors who needed more the
bounty of Government . The poet way ultra-Liberal in bis opinions on politics and theology , but he died under ' the care of a niece , who is fanatical aa a Scotch Preshy- ^ tcrian , and bis dying hours were annoyed by tbe intru- ' sions of a Clergyman . In later yeatB he grew liberal j to a profusion . He adopted , successively , three nephews ; and , lastly , oneiniece , to wbom be was kind ' in the extreme . He bas left one son in an unfortunate state of intellect . Mr . Campbell will be buried at Boulogne , according to his wish ; but his executors design that he shall be buried in Westminster Abbey , j and to this plan tbe Dean and Chapter have gives tbeir assent . As Mr . CaRipball ' s religious opinions ' were precisely those of bia friend Lord Byron , why onunot Lord Bjron ' s statutei be raceivud iu the Abbey with the bedy of Mr . Campbell ? i
Post Office Espionage. Comments Of Tbe Weekly Press.
POST OFFICE ESPIONAGE . COMMENTS OF TBE WEEKLY PRESS .
There is something extremely repulsive to English feeling in tbe idea of tbe national Post-office being perverted into a staff of Government spies . The monopoly of carrying letters ia cheerfully conceded to Government on account of the * more perfect arrangements for speedy and safe conveyance and delivery which its gnat resources enable it to make . But when Government abuses this trust to ferret out the private thoughts and communications of Individuals—when it breaks tbe seals of letters which confidence in its honour has caused to be intruated to its ! ajjema—th « diity curiosity of Paul Pry is combined with tbe tyranny of Dionyaioua , wbo constructed his prison so that be wight overhear tbe confidential talk of all whom he had in
suspicion . Thia is the degrading character assumed by the Ministers wbo give orders for such a breach of faith ; but tbe aspect of the mischief becomes more serious when we take into ; account tbe unscrupulous scoundrels wbom they m tke by putting men upon such employment . Tbs man wno bas once violated the secrecy of a private letter contracts a moral taint that never can be obliterated . Tbe Minister wbo obliges bim to commit 8 Uch a villainy can hav # no security that hia rescality is to stop there . The spy as often sells his
employer as tbe patty be ia employed to watch : the officer who earns bis salary j by opening other people ' s letters may not limit bis operations to the letters he is ordered to open , but may easily be t « mpted to add to bis salary by selling information to creditors or rivals in business . There is a contagious pollution in the practice , to the influence of which no limits can be assigned beforehand . With what face can petty rogues be punished for taking a sovereign out of a letter , by the very men who steal from a man ' s letter secrets on which bis life may depend ?
It is alleged that the practice , however reprehensible , is sometimes necessary . W « do not deny tbat tbe delicacies of conventional honour , which are so beneficial in private life , cannot always be observed in state affairs ; but there is a puny affectation of Maobiavelism in some minds which aeema to think statesmanship consists in outraging tbe sentiments tbat adorn domestic society . A good deal of this ' is observable in tbe latitude of phrase with which Post-ofBce treachery boa been defended . * * ] It is more important to ubtain security for tbe future' than to criticize the past But tbe recent opening of letters at tbe Post-fffice doss appear to be utterly indefensible . There is nothing in
tbe present state of tbe public temper to afivrd the shadow of an excuse for it j It will not be affirmed that Mr . Mazz : ni was suspected of plotting with the Chartists or Repeaters to disturb the peace of this country . The opening of his ; letters ean only have been meant to appease tbe agonies ] of a Foreign Government , which sees conspiracy in the ] establishment of schools for Italian hurdygurdy-grinders and venders of plaster casts . Even though the Home Secretary felt no shame in playing the spy for a foreign despot , he ought at least to have bad sufficient self-respect not to condescend so far in compliance frith idle and unnecessary alarms . —Spectator . ¦
The Home Secreta ry and the Post-Office . —Tbe conduct of Sir James Graham In availing himself of an infamous Statute , empowering him to order the detention and reading of letters at the General Postoffice , has aroused a strong feeling of indignation throughout the country . M . Maasini , the gentleman whose tights have thus been so disgracefully violated , appears , from the testimony 6 t Mr . Thomas Carlyle ( a celebrated author an-i lecturer ) to be a man of the highest respectability and honour . It is strange that the visit of the Emperor of Russia should occur just at tbe moment when two most Sigrant instances ef individual oppression are made { known to tke public—instances which one would have supposed , far more likely to have occurred in his dominions than in " free and
enlightened England . ' We allude to tbe cose of the Count OstTowski , and the jopening of M . Massini's letters . Sir James Graham ; could have no possible reason to justify so vile a proceeding as the latter ; even in times of tbe greatest ! political uncertainty and agitation , such a breach of ] personal privilege never should occur . Sir Francis Freeling , when Secretary to the Post-office , was tbe willing tool of tbe Tories , and carried on tbe practice of reading tbe letters of persons in any way obnoxious to , or suspected by , the Government , te an immense extent The practice is common upon tbe Continent ; but even there it is spoken of with indignation and abhorrence . To revive such a proceeding in England is a fearful inroad upon freedom , and a sample of what the Tories dare
do . They are prepared at any moment to plunge the country back again into all the horrors of political slavery . Sir James Graham , above all tbe others , bas contrived to render himself odious to the public ; and his fall will not ever be regretted by even his own party . The spy system cannot be carried into effect in it point more delicate , or more calculated to excite feelings of deep annoyance , than at the General Past-office . For some years we have been lulled into tbe belief that a sheet of paper in which we have recorded the sentiments of our secret souls , for the benefit of a relative or frieDd , and upon which we nave placed our seal , was saored and inviolable . We have , however , been grievously mistaken ; and we now find the great medium « f correspondence and circulation of wants and knowledge , converted into an inquisitorial chamber , where
tbe private sentiments of individuals are gleaned for tbe use of a despotic and arbitrary Ministry . If a person sends a letter by a private band to a correspondent in tbe country , be is liable to a fine ; and if be transmit it by means of tbe Post-office , it stands the chauce of being opened and perused . No state of political affairs , at this mome . t , could possibly justify Sir James Graham ' s conduct ; it is dishonourable to a Minister , disgraceful to a man , and insulting to the nation at large . Were M . MasBlnl engaged in intrigues relative to Italy , Poland , or any other country , Sir James Graham bas no right te seek for ! proofs of bis suspicions oo that head , in tbe private correspondence of tbe object of bis alarms . Nothing that M . Massini , or any other foreigner , could devise or scheme respecting bis native land , could possibly hurt or disturb England . — Weekly Dispatch . - ;
Opening Letters at the Post-office . —The odious abuse ot opening and reading letters passing through the Post-office having been revived by the Home Secretary , tbere is no saying how far it may have beeu carried , and tbe publio is justified in entertaining a strong suspicion , when opened letters are received by parties , particularly if those ! parties happen to be foreigners , that the dirty act has been the work of tbe Government . { Such baa been tbe case by a most respectable
Italian gentleman in this town , for above twenty years a professor of languages in Brighton , who , having received a letter through the post-office ; a few days ago which bad evidently been opened , and upon perceiving by the debates in Parliament that another of bis countrymen , Signer Mazzini , bad bad to complain of a Bimilar gross breach of confidence , was immediately led to believe tbat be , too , by some inexplicable means , had fallen under tbe suspicions of the Home Secretary , and his corespondence been subjected jto tbe scrutiny of tbat individual * i
This suspicion may or may not be just ; but it shows in what an odions position the English Government has placed itself by tbe revival of this despotic practice . Not a foreigntr will now ( receive a letter , with a broken seal but be will lay it to the credit of the Government , ana we shall enjoy the enviable reputation of resorting to the same means of ferreUing out : the sentiments of individuals tbat ; haa hitherto teen the shame of the despotic Continental Government ) , Really we Mush for tbe men who can deliberately cjstscch a stfema on their country . When the Italian gentleman acquainteO us with his suspicions , we would have fain rebutted them with indignation as unworthy of thei English Government—aa an engine of mat Ice and tyranny unknown to it , and which would not be
tolerated : by . tbe people . But facts stared . us in tho face , , and gave the lie to th& lepudiatjon . tbat we mould ; willingly ; havo f ; iven to such , a charge . The Secretary of SWtie' forthe Home Department has confessed that be had bid Mcodrie to "the contemptible practtee—the foreigner bad . read the Hon . JBaronef * own word * ,. and a few homra afterwards received a letter in th « condition ia which * Sir Jaiw Graham confessed to bavin * despatched on * to Its owners Wm nottheouspia « rtben , JustlfliibW on the putt of thU foreigner that the KngU » h Government , taking a lesson in ti * t > . ** ta ot ef / fipntge fiom the despotic Government from which be thought be had escaped when he left bis ] own toonntry and came to England—was nofc ' this foreigner joatlfledin suspecting that bis letter , too , bad been Btopped , opened , and read bytheSome ^ ecwtary A J , , . : ¦ ' /„ .
. . Wicouldnot d » ny the charge— -Sir James Graham had placed it out of out pewer ;] for aught we know , It may fre true—the l » tt « r may fc&vebe&n opened by tke
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Government , which , in snob , a case , had tae satisfaction i of discovering—no treason , either domestic or foreignagainst the Emperor of Russia , Emperor of Austria , or | the Queen of England—not e'en a word against tho I Imniiculate Home Secretary himself , but simply ? prnft | domestic matters , very interesting to the parties writingf j and receiving the letter , but in which tbe sharpest eye I in Djwning-atreet could not discover aught to construe into mischief . Out upon , these fool ' s tricks l ^ -Brigh ' on , Herald . i The S * y Systeh—Fresh ExpqsuftE . —Tiw liberty inseparable from tbe individual , which the tVii e «}« . n , ° ,. l 0 ngf' Ifc is * iola t * d every passing dsy ! The * W . ^ J" 0 P ° -tbe infringsment unblushing We ftaW ' W ° Ho « me Secretary acknowledging that be d"i » ected tfatf ^ 11 t ' < f P 9 n 'etters transmitted through the post—thai j » J P «» bed tbe system of espionage beyond anything # b , ! ca na 8 e'er yet disgraced ibeaa countries—that he" hssfn ^^ 'ed the violation of private confidence which ha » mode . the name of FouchS execrable amongst mankind .
This is but another fen * of the spy system which for months we have been denooneing . Private letters have been opened in the English Post , office ; and , without doubt , 'in Irelandateo . —Tbe secrets of famines and ^ individuals are- expoeed to ths prying eyes of Post-office cterks , and to the piurient authorities of the Home office , from the Secretary of State to ther copying clerk . Where jb tbe liberty of the sobjact after this ? Where is tbe individual liberty which bus been th » pride and boast of these countries ? No wonder tbat Nicholas of Russia should bays fawned oh Sir Robert Peel and fondled Prince Albert ; No wonder that he should have visited tbis country with such hot baste . How be must have triumphed in the approach which under ministerial auspices we are ^ very day making towards tbe autocratism of tha north .
We repeat it ; there Is no freedom—there can bo none , where such a system operates . The minister wbo woo Id dare unconditionally to justify it ought to be impeached , and he who avows his practice of tbafc system should be driven ii > nominiously from a position wh ^ rn hia continuance is destructive of public liberty . — Weekly Freeman ' s Journal . The Saglish Despotism . —There is no more unpopular man in England , than Sir James Graham . Hia name has been notorious in connection with mercy denied and the worst injustice inflicted ; wherever harsh * ness and hard-heartedness have appeared , tbere also was his banviwork ; and the crowning vice of bis character—a vulgar self-sufficiency , bas given him an unenviable precedency in tbe detestation of the people .
His last act of policy—his last practice in Government —was the opening of private letters by virtue of bis own warrant ! * * * * How strange it is to find one of the beads of a Government , under which tbe viltBt acts of tyranny are practised by its magisterial or police authorities , an opener of letters—an invader of the sanotity of private communication 1—to find him a man whose prurient glance can penetrate the letterwhose ingenious finger can evolve tbe fold or melt the seal—whose strong memory can treasnre up the secrete thus acquired t Are we living in a country sharing the blessings of a liberal Constitution ? Shall we be met at every turn by the " gloating eyes and sniffing noBes" of police spies , seducers , and perjurers ? Are our people to be exposed ta the detective vagabondism which makes
the- crime in order to discover it—which sells the treasonous songs that be who buys may be the victim ? Iu addition to all this , shall tbe seal which we affix to our letters , and which stamps them secret for all eyes but those we destine them for , be subject to the manipulation of any hateful creature of the Homa-( . ffiqe , or any vile tool of Sir James Graham 7 Imagine , if you can , a baser duty ( if duty it ever be ) than opening a man ' s letter—than this moral felony of bia secret thoughts ! Is there on earth a baser tool than be who does it ? * * Tbe basest ectever cou > mitted by any man is the opening of a ptiyate letter . We commit our secret thoughts free ' . y to the paper , because we believe that public honour ia pledged to
respect and keep inviolate tbe seal that closes the fold . Thus , the most delightful social commerce is carried on—the weightiest affair transacted—tbe monetary secrets of great houses fly over the land , because all men . place faith in tbe inviolability of the swift ambassadors of their thoughts . But if a base , detested , tyrannous oligarchy can by some unscrupulous tool , subvert this state of things , transplant such tricks as Austro-Icsiy is rife witb , invade men ' s confidence , and rob them of their thoughts and most peculiar secrets , wby > then , adieu to freedom ! We may boost our charters and the useless muniments of our title to liberty—tbere is no liberty iu tbe land , and any Graham , of tbe hour is the despot of tbe people . —Tfe Nation .
THE FOBCHE OV THE HOME OFFICE . —Ifc is Well that we are in blissful ignorance of many of the perils which beset us , and tbe frauds of which we are the daily victims , as a knowledge of such foots would go well nigb rendering existence intolerable . How few until tbe exposure of Mr . Duncombe tbe other night , ever dreamed that the communications revealing the very secrets of tbeir souls , describing their everj feeling , whether of hope or fear , had , perhaps , been perused by Sir James Graham aud a score ot his satellites in the General Post Office ? * * With tbe power Sir James Graham exercises so unscrupuleusly it will be very bard for any one to steal s march upon him . He has given ample proof of his anxiety to pry into tbe affairs of Chartists—but can we
be certain that they are the only class ef society ia whose secrets be take a an interest ? Are there no mysteries connected witb commercial speculation , no , problem relating to professional success which ministerial curiosity might not wish solved ? and what better aid could he have in accomplishing bis object than by opening the letters passing through the Post-office ? We would advise jobbing contractors , and aristocratic persons engaged in gambling or amorous intrigue , in future to write in characters which Sir James Graham may find it impossible to decipher , otherwise they may , when too late , have cause to repent of having committed tbeir secrets to tbe guardianship of the Post-office department . Lsrd John Russell himself cannot be certain that Sir James
may not have a taste for running his eye over the confidential epistles of Whig leaders as well as of thos belonging to humble Chartists . We can easily imagine the Netberby Baronet and tbe other Ministers , in imitation of the Postmistress and her companions , described by Sir Walter Scott , poring over the epistolary correspondence of their political antagonists , and making merry as they teamed the stratagems relied upon to drive them from . Downing Street . The case just exposed by Mr . Duncombe in Parliament has excited no Blight sensation , and truly we have Sir James Graham , placed in no enviable position . * * We hope Mr . Duncombe will follow up the inquiry , and that he will not stop until he has sifted the matter to the bottom . —Dublin World .
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Lord Byron . —Among the objects intrusted to tke care of the banker Caccia , who was declared a bankrupt last month , was a box containing the manuscripts of Lord Byron . The box , belonging to the Countess Gnicoioli , to whom the / great poet bequeathed his most precious souvenirs , was claimed on tho I 9 ; h from , the syndic ot the bankruptcy by M . Micard , the attorney for the noble Countess . Besides the manu&oripts of all the printed works of Lord Byron , ther& are a tew unpublished poems and . orhioal notes written by himself on his own publications . —Revue de Paris .
John Fbosx . —A paragraph bas lately been going the round of the papers to the effeot that Mr . John * Frost , the celebrated Charrisc , having been released from the degradatioa and drudgery of working ia chains like the other convicts , his vwife and two daughters were on the eve of quitting England to join . him . This is inoorreot . It iB quite true , that Mrs . Frost , ia evtry letter , * fte bias written to . her husband for some time past , bas expressed » most earnest desire to go out , with her daughter 8 » to hims but be fonaerly objected tolier leaving Eagland to join bin , on acoonntof the . degraded and , wretched situatioa in whieh he w&a placed . New that hia
sentence bas been so far fioauauUd » s ta Biak « him a clerk in one of the Government offices * he entreata her not to entertain for ft suoment tho ide * of coming opt to him , assigning aa the reason tkat he has the Very best ground for believing that he will era lon « receive a full pardon , and have the happiness of rejoining her and bia daughters in England . Mrs . Frost has , in consequence , abandoned the idea of going out to New South Wales to her hu 8 baad . ; , vlt is Worthy of remark thai she te . * ; Utot&-Ji ££ education , and manners , » n ? that her two daogbters , both grown up , are also well educated » nd ae < # fflf pUshed . — 'Observer ,
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TOM RACQUET AND HIS THREE MAIDEN AUNTS . London : How , 132 , Fleet-steet . This is the history , so far as the present No . ( 1 ) lakes ub , of & knocker-wrenching scapegrace , a hero of the Waterford school , who is dependant for bis means of playing the " gentleman" upon three maiden aunts . Our hero falls into love , and resolving to get married informs his aunts of his intention to dt » ff the jacket of the baohelor for the gown of the benedict . The old ladies are horrified at this announcement , and in the midst of the sensation consequent thereon the story is broken off by
tbe conclusion of tbe present No . It strikes us aa being rather out of the ordinary course tbat tbe hero , particularly heroes of the Tom Racquet class Bhould be nearing tbe matrimonial noose so early as a firht number . It is not in accordance with our disposition to find fault where we can possibly avoid doing bo ; but really we cannot bay one word in favour of this new candidate for popular patronage . > k Tom Racquet" is intended to make his appearance monthly ; but in future numbers be must present himself greatly improved in matter and manner , or bis career will be an extremely brief one .
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THE NEW PARLEY LIBRARY . Part 3 . London : J . Ouwbvn , 3 , CatLenne-btreet , Strand . We have not seen the 1 st . and 2 nd . Parts of this MiEoellany , and therefore cannot speak of its merits so confidently , as otherwise we might have done ; but , judging by tbe present Part , it seems to as well worthy the public ' s patronage . In addition to tin us-ual staple of similar publications , we have original romances , written purposely for this ** Library ; " also chapters on •* Floriculture , " " Family Conversations ob Science , " Ac , &c . We have read some of these , and feel convinced that thousands of acults , to say nothing of " Young England , "—the rising generation , may Tead and learn much , very mach , that is instructive and entertaining in the pages of this seat and well-managed publication .
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TRACTS FOR MANHOOD . No . 1 , On Seeming . By Yocsg Ej » gla 5 d . London : Britiam , 11 , Paiernoiter Row . The object of this Tract , which is written in a bold , forcible , and we may add poetic style , appears . to be tbe somewhat Herculean one of endeavouring to get men to be veritable men , and not tbe mere creatures of tbe fashionable cocTentionalihins of society as at present existing . No doubt such an objtct will , by tbe mass of this mone ' y-grubbing world , be deemed absurdly Quixotic j but though aware of this our autbor goea to work in sledgehammer fashion to drive men , if lhev will not be led , into the too long-neglected habit of speaking and acting up to the trnth : —
Svery man shoald be a true speaker and actor at all times aim nndsr all possible circumstances . Tbere is ^ jo ' situation in life , whether of terror , temptation , or despair , that can palliate tbe violation of this primal law . It is at once the base and majesty of Manhood ; and he -who builds upon any other foundation than this , shall find at last tbat he has built upon a lie . It is in vain that we attempt to deceive' ourselves and others ¦ with unreality and semblance ; for all nature is rebellious of a falsehood , and the punishment of a liar is inevitable and sure . Let him act hia part as he maywith never ao much specionty and ennning of verbal utterance—it will avail him nothing ; tbe very clods upon which be treads cry out against him , and bis own soul smites him on the cheek .
The following sentiments hardly harmonize with the title of M Young England" asEumed by the writer ; the * ' Young England" party being more than suspected of a leaning towards PuBeyism acd tbe " good old times , " &c , which our author here so fircely denounces : — Our conservatism is tie folly of tbe age . It would ccnvpel ns to live ¦ with tbe Norman WilliBir—wi : h the feudal Lords—with grim Hal , and with the Pope , withont * o much as asking as whether ire could dwell comfortably with these ancient cousins . It does not see tbat the ol « times of these vtntrable worthies have already been lived in by man , some centuries past ; but it would drag na back again into tbe Tombs of the dead , and make us dance to the music cf so many clattering skeletons of monks and kings ; whereas we have no -feet for men exercises .
The author of this tract ( or we wroDg him ) has not oily-been reading Thomas Carljle , but does also in the following extracts imitate aa closely : as be can , and with some success too , the style and manner of the author of •* Past and Present : "— ;_ W * have becomft base , and feaxful of a bui -world We dread tbe grandeur of our on - manhood , and trtmble trken the soul it earnest and full of tke volcano fixe . We daze not hear it ; kut ihintt our fingers In our ears , and iweat and quake , lest it should apeak in spite of as , sod bury beneath Ha lava streamsi that smirking hypocrite yonder , unto whom we are fawning and bowing with ftuch . wicked spaniel beartednets—on aceount of bis position , perhspB , in society , —h « ¦** horses and £ ig" respectability ; or , what is still more impious and traitorous to the God—on account of his creed . Who , alas 1 ia he but a mud brother , needing sanity , —a hungry , diseased man , asking bread—and ahall I give him a stone ? Shall I . grease it too ,
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The Opening of Letters at the General Post-Office . —The system of espionage at the Gene * ral Podt-office , St . Martin ' s-le-Grand , is comparatively unknown to tbe public During the secretaryship of Sir Francis Freeling , the opening of letters posted in London for the Continent , aa well as those from the provinces , passing through tbe Foreign Office , was carried on to a great extent , and we know ( says a correspondent ) to a certainty that there are now in the Postoffice more than one iadividual who , in carrying letters and paefceta which had been opened aud re-eealed ia the " Espionage-office , ' * to the Inland offices , have found the wax on violated letters and packets sticking to tbeir bands , from its not having had sufficient time to cool . The " Espionage-office" was then situated on tbe south-west corner of the Post-office , and is now partly used as the Money Order-office . We challenge contradiction to our statement . —Jf orning Chronicle .
Opening Letters . —Few persons are aware bow let * ters are opened and re-sealed by tbe Post-office . Wafers are opened by tbe application of moisture , and sealed letters are opened thus ;—The latter is Md on an anvil with tbe seal up , upon the seal is laid a square p ' . eoe , of pure lead , and upon this lead descends a hammer with considerable velocity . The sudden impact converts the lead into a seal as faithful as an electrotype , ' and accordingly is used to re-seal the letter which ia now opened by destroying tbe wax bit by bit . For alb letters similarly sealed , the- lead will do . A blunderer In the management must have recently led to suspicion . In small country towns , curious postmistresses keep by them an assortment of seals , with impressions of hearts , darts , &e ., for the purpose of enabling them to get at little secrets . —Liverpool Paper .
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Juke 29 , 1844 . THE N O R T H & R N S T A H . % .. x
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 29, 1844, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1269/page/3/
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