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THE KOETHEEN STAR. SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1844.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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JJSITSD TilXOBS * PROTECTION AND MUTUAL Besktit Sociktt of Great Brtiaiji . — The Bxecntire Council iave much pleasure i ^ , informing the Trade , that since their last commnD'jation , lie number of sections "who b&vetiken caftj . kt , are augmented to forty-fonr . and that the o ' uae progresses beyond tbeir most ardent expectations . At the same time -we eonfen that much h&i yet \» be done , and that the work in reality baa only jPjt commenced . In reference to out-door labour , the conneO have received communications from » ever& \ places ihat many employers have called tbeir sen into work on their own premises , and upwards of two hundred matter tailors in London have dons so , to ? demonstrating to the trade at large that if they Placa themselves in & proper position by snion ,
their -aaa&Z&on most speedily be bettered . The emploj «» at Chatham , Maidrtone , and eravesend , in Secti on the opening of sew sections in that district , eu » forward in the most liberal manner , and subscribed largely to enable the men to pay ther necessary expenses of agitation .. London is the chief difficulty ; it is the aeat of corruption ; a thousand and one interestsare in existence , working against each other .- It U also the seat of monopoly among the men- The nign priced and ^ constantly employed -journeyman has no sympathy with bia brother journeyman , who is ground to the dost . They place a barrier in the -way of their brethren by the institution of a . second book , in their houses of call ; thna j > reventing many an enterprising tr . n-n feoBi obtaining hia fair * hare of the trade .
The second book system is a mere snbterm ^ e , to keep a number of men in reserve , to sapply the calls o ! the jpimtBwt in the busy season , and to keep the flrat book men in their constant berths . The effect of this system is , thatyeung men who hate just ended their appreniteethip arriTe fern the country , foil of expectation and hope , join a home of call , pays Si 6 d entrance , are placed on the second boek ; and often times are six or agbt weeks before they set a call . The season is now advanced ; and if they haTe six or seven weeks employment during the season , they are foitonate . ' At length , the summer season is ended ; they are thrown on their ownresoBTcea , dispose of their clothing , &c ., to purchase food , became destitnto , and are compelled to solicit employment any "where , for sny price , and are
thus conYerted into instruments of destructive competition against their fellaw workmen , by working fox eighteenpenee per day or less , while the first book men are receiving five or aix shillings per day . Another erQ , and a very great one , connected . wiUl the present system , is the holding of BodeUea at public houses . Witness the scenes at our homes of can , especially in summer , where young men and old are hafeitnated to drinking , from tha necessity of their . attendance for employment , and the publican recevring two-thirds ef their earnings when employed , through credit , 4 c . Prom these drenmstanees , the ; become dissolute a-nri immoral characters , asd the easy victims of unprincipled speculators . The Executive Council , therefore , are rmkinjt arrangements to obviate the pernicious tffecta of the present system , by the introduction of a new and " a better one ,
that will haTe a tendency to nuke London a home for all , instead of a curse ; and the interests of the fair tzader and journeymen will be studied without infringing upon the rights of either , the particulars of which will shortly be developed . London does not aficrd relief to the unemployed brethren who bare become houseless wanderers , and recipient * of relief at the Poor Law BsstUes , whereas almo&t every country town relieves Its -distressed , including Xioadon Eien ; and why sbonld s « 4 London aSbrd relief , -where the highest wages are paid ? All intelligent men in the trade are earnestly requested to support the Executive in these contemplated reforms . On behalf of the Executive Council , J . W . Parker , General Secretary . —P . S . The T »* 1 * th- « sheet of the last quarter has been audited and passed , and is no « r in the hands of the printer . Any person can have a copy by enclosing two postage stamps addressed to the Secretary .
EosorGH or Fixsbury . —Dukcojebe Tzstimosial . A numerous preliminary meeting convened by circulars , B £ ced by the inflnentiaj ^ f all shades of politics was held at the Crown Tavern , Clerken wellgreen , on Tnesday evening , the 30 ih nit . Mr . G . JtotfiTBTras unammous ) y called to the chair . Hewitt , Esq ., proposed the following resolution : — ** That the nndersi&ned , with power to add to their number , be a committee to call a public meeting of the borough of Kasbury , to testify the high respect is which Mr . Ihnicoinbe is held by his constituents , and to promote the Dnnftombe Testimonial now in progress . " Seconded by Mr . William Balls , and carried unanimously . Sub-Committee , Hewitt , Etq - J . Doneombe , Esq ., Medley , Esq ., - —
Hayes , Krq ., Messrs . G . Rogers , Mason , Cameron , West , Vine , Ball , and Moore . The meeting will be held either at White Conduit House , or at the Bel-ridere Tavern . A vote of thanks was gWen to the chairman , asd the meeting separated . Dcscohbb TbstijcokijlL Central Committee of Trades &c , Saville Hoase , Leieester- ? qaare , on Wednesday evening , the 31 st nit ., Mr . Rose ( currier ) in the cfeair . The following delegates took their seats in committee , for the first time : —Mr . Shickleton , Silver Cup Society , of Carpenters ; Mr . O ' Connor , from the Painters' Society , Grosvenor Mews ; and Messrs . Guy and Taj J or , from the Society of Sadlers . The following sums of money ¦ w ere handed in : —Per Edmund Stallwood , £ 1 Is ; the Chartists of Irewishun , per Charles Abbott , £ 1 loa 3 i : T . Alsop , Esq ., £ \ : The Silver Cup
Society of Carpenters , per Mr . Shackleton , £ 2 10 s ; A . Galloway , Esq ., £ 1 ; from Aberdeen , per Mr . J . Dowell , s £ 4 la ; from GraTesend , per Mr . R-Ran ~ dell , 6 s . Mr . William Bails reported , that the Pinsbnry Committee now numbered fifty persons . Deputations were then appointed to vrait on the -rarions Repeal Wards of London ; and Messrs . Rose and Grassby were appointed to wait on the West End Boot and Shoe Makers . Mr . Rose ( chairman ) , reported that the Silk Hatters had Toted £ 5 from their funds , to tke Testimonial . Correspondence was read from Collompton , Maidstone , Northampton , Mottram , Bath , Sudbury , Cheltenham , Plymouth , Somh Shields , Brighton , enclosing a Post-Office Order for £ 1 , the subscription of T . A Haddon . and the following letter was read from Pilton , Devon i—
TO XHB ZDITOB OP THE * KOBTB DETOH JOL'BXAl . ' Sra , —Permit me , throngh the medium of your columns , to inform the world that Barnstaple hath sent its tribute towards the Buncombe Testimonial Fund . The amount is not so large as the committee eould have desired ; but still , considering the state of politics in Barastaple , it is asmuch as we could expect . Mr . Ihineombe ia an ultra Chartist—principles through prejudice not ¦ well understood even by the rich in this part of the country , and mach less Tinderstood bj the poor , because the channels through which they obtain the little information ibey possess are epposed to the dissemination of Caartist principles . Bus , Sir , it gives me a pleasure to be enabled
to state , ~ th&t I met with a certain portion of the working classes Tvho seem to be perfectly awake to all the political chicanery of the day , and who desire to act as if tae regeneration of tbeir country depended on their individual exertions . I wish their numbers were greater ; but 1 am not as a man without hope ; for it is ¦ with , pride and pleasure thai 1 inlorm yon that when I made application to some of the most "wealthy , respectable , and influential tradesmen of the town , the prejudice so common to their class ¦ was tarown aside , and with readiness they gave their contribution towards the Testimonial that is meant to reward the man whom the people delight to honour ^—a man who , we believe , stands nncorrupted by the contaminating influence by which he iBiurnranded , and . whose high sense of honour ren »
• ders aim unpurchas&ble by the ruling corrnptionisis -of the day—a man whose sincere love of justice has xeared for him an altar of gratitude in every working can's bosom that is in any way acquainted with hkn and the jngglery of the factions—a man ' who ia the dread of tyrants and the scourge of eril doers , even though their iniquities should be concocted in Mgh places , and the perpetrators clothed with all the authority of state office—a man in whom we have confidence , and believe that he will do his utmost to produce that much to be dssired event , the political regeneration of the country . And may tkat Being who huperiiitends the universe , prosper the cause in bis hands , is the sincere prayer of , Sir , ^ oar most obedient servant , Pnton , July loth , 1844 . Johs Bowwm .
PjS . —The amount of money rectivtd by the committee is £ A 63 . The books will remain open for « ne wetk longer , and Ehould any friend be desirous of coBtribuaag , is will be thankfully received by the < ommittee , at Mr . William Knili ' s , Pilton . Thus it will be Been that tie Trades throughout tha leugvb sud bresdta of the l&uct are t&king the matter up in earnest . It was then unanimously resolved , ** That the Secretary be instructed to write to Daniel 0 'Connell , £ sq ., M . P ., 4 nd also to tbe Sscietary of the Repeal . Association , Conciliation Rail Dublin , " The committee then adjourned . BCBfiC M-SET ^ G 1 M STiPPOKT OP THE DcBCOXKB "TEsnHOHiAt . —A public meeting of the trades and inhabitants of Manchester was held in the CarpenteEs Hall , Gtrreti Road , Manchester , © n Mon « < iay evening last , to take into consideration' the ^ leeessary measorse to assist the trades of London
m earrjjag out ibeir praiseworthy design ^» f prefienfangto T . s . 5 > uBoombe , Esq M MJ » some fiob-^ tentaal wken ^ f rf ^ gratitude and respect of fee irades of tbis . connttj . The meeting w » s ealled Sot f ^ K !^ - whlcl 1 timo Mr- Thomas Wnituker , ^ f '» TTV ^ u Ullm 0 T 13 ^ xalled on ' *• Preside . Mi . ™ S i ^ fe ? Ueri » aneat and Pointedspeech , mored the following restfntion :- » % iat weT ^ e trades , and other publie hoditt , do appoint ¦ < te& ^ gatea to « o-operate m& ths Committee now EittmT find who are acting in cdnjnaeiion with the trades < f London and other pazU of the TUng . ^ m ^ D rai f ? y ? ? ? Pd ^ PBTchase an estate for Thomas ShngBby Dnncombe , Esq ^ M . p « " Bies » rial of our gratitude to that gentleman for Ms aoanl ^ ^ id noble defence of onr ri ^ hls , on many oeeasioas , but paiticnlarly for his opposition to , that unjust measure the Masters and Servants Bill . " The rfcsolatba ms seconded br Mr . John Bowes , and supported ja an able Bpesci by Mr . J . Lssssh .
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Mr . Kenoon moved , and Mr .. StevenB seconded the following amendments— "That we do not give Mr . Dancomba an estate , but pass a vote of thanks to him for his past services ; and request him to go on in the same way for the future . " On the amend * ment being put , the morer and seconder voted for it . The Chairman then pnt the original motion , when & forest of nsnds was held up for it . The Chairman declared the motion to be carried by a large majority . This announcement was received with repeated rounds of applause . Dr . Watts , in a powerful speech , moved the next resolution : — "That we , the Trades and other inhabitants of Manchester and Salford are preud of this opportunity to record our approbation of the public conduct of
Thos . Slingsby Danoombe , Esq .. M . P ., and we hereby pledge ourselves to use every meaBS in our power to make this testimonial worthy of such a man , and of the cause he bo nobly advocates . " Mr . Frost , pattern-card maker , seconded the resolution , which was agreed to rum . con . Mr . Dixon moved a vote of thanks to the Chairman , which passed without a dissentient . The Chairman acknowledged the compliment , and the meeting separated . London Shobxakkbs . —We understand that most of the London societies of shoemakers have put on a levy in aid of the Miners , and that the City Men ' s Men have already sent them two subscriptions , one of £ 8 and the other of £ 7 . AsHTOif-i 7 KD £ B-LTHB . —The Cotton Spinners of
this town are about to demand of their employers an advance of ten per cent on their wages , and to pay for no more fas . If the employers do not comply , it is expected there will be a turnout . Duncombe Testimonial . —The Central Committee of Trades , &c , met at Saville Hoase , Leicester Square , on Wednesday evening , the 7 th August , Mr . Rose , currier , in the chair . The following Bums were received : —Per Mr . John Stewart £ 1 ; from boot and shoemakers of Windsor , per Mr . Norman £ 10 ; from a Brighton Patriot , John Percival , Esq . £ 1 la ; Dr . Sheridan £ 1 . Correspondence was read from Dover , Stourbridge and Lye Waste , Bath , and Radford . ReportB were received from the United Society of Cork Cutters , and the Repeal Ward , Kensington . The Committee adjonraed nntil Wednesday evening next . Dukcombs Testimonial . —On Wednesday night , there vt as a large meeting at the Marquis of Granby ,
Rat cliff Cross , Tor the purpose of forwarding the above object which was attended by persons of all political parties . Mr . Bishop , local secretary to the League for that district , presiding . The large room was so inconveniently full that the meeting was adjonrned to the skittle grounds , and the several speakers had to speak from the window . The Tery best feeling prevailed , and the result promises to be most advantageous to the general project . There were many Irishmen present who entered heartily into the proceedings , and pledged their utmost exertion in behalf of the national project . BOBOUGH OP FlJiSBTOY .. —DCKCOMBB TESTIMONIAL . —A great meeting , convened by a requisition of one hundred of the most influential electors of the Borough will be held at White Conduit House , on Monday evening next , August 12 th , at six o ' clock , to show their esteem for their patriotic representative . W . Nicholson , Esq ., will take the chair .
ACCOUCBHKJCT OF THE Q . UBKN . — BlHl H OF A PiiKca . —Windsor Castle , Aug . 6 . —This morning , at ten minutes before eight o ' clock , the Queen was safely delivered of a Prince . In the room with her Majesty , were bis Royal Highne £ S Prince Albert , Dr . Locock , and Mrs . Lilly , the monthly nurse . And in the rooms adjoining were the other medical attendants , Sir James Clark and Dr . Ferguson ; and also the Lady in Waiting on the Queen . Intimation of her Majesty ' s illness was forwarded from Windsor Castle to town at six o ' clock this morning . The Lord Chancellor , the Dnke of Buceleneh , Lord Privy Seal , Sir James Graham , Secretary of State for the Home Department j the Earl Delawarr , Lord Chamberlain , and the Earl of Jersey , Master of the Horse , were the first to arrive , having left town by a speoial train , which arrived at the Slough terminus of the Great Western Railway at twenty-five minutes past eight o ' clock . The Ministers and Officers of State immediately proceeded to the Castle in one of the
royal carriages and four , which was in readiness . Sir Rober t Peel , First Lord of the Treasury , and Lord Stanley , Secretary of State for thb Colonies , arrived shortly afterwards , baring travelled from town by » secood special train . The Bight Hon . Baronet and Mb Lordship were likewise conveyed to the Castle from the station in a royal carriage and four . The Duke of Wellington arrived at the Castle soon after nine o ' clock , the Noble Duke having travelled from town by a third special train . At halfpast eight o ' clock the following official bulletin was issued : — " Windsor Castle , Aug . 6 , 1814 . M Half-past Eight , am . " The Queen was safely delivered of a Prince this morning at fifty minutes past seven o ' clock . " Her Majesty and Infant are perfectly well . "James Clahk , M . D . "Chaki . es Locock , M . D . "ROBEBT FERGUSON , MJ ) . "
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DEMOCRACY versus DESPOTISM . THB RIOTS IN AMERICA . Pkess of Home questions j of too great weight -to be passed over , but which , fully pre-occupied our columns , prevented hs last week noticing the disturbances in Philadelphia which have naturally attracted so much attention on this side of the water .
As we fully expected , the Press of both the aristocratic factions of this country , have taken advantage of these untoward events to charge them upon the institutions of the United States , predicting that if the like institutions were established in this country , similar scenes would necessarily follow . We will not defend these unhappy violations of peace and good order ; but , before coming to the consideration of whether they are fairly chargeable upon the Democratic institutions of the S ; ate 3 , we think it only fair that the extenuating circumstances attending them should be thoroughly understood .
In the case of the Philadelphia riots , it will be remembered that in the month of May last , some disgraceful disturbances took place in the same quarter , arising out of the hostile feeling existing between the Irish Romanists , and the new party calling itself " Native American " , and which hostile feeling was apparently the result of the mutual bigotry of both parties . Alarmed , lest a repetition of the violent scenes of May Ehould take place , and impressed with the notion , which appears to have been by no means wellfounded , that there was an intention on the part of
the "Natives" to recommence the work of destroying the Catholic churches , the Irish party appear to have made preparations to resist any such attempt . These preparations were of the most injudicious ch&r&eter , consisting of turalng their churches into depots for military stores : for it appears they had upwards of eighty stand of arms , with ammunition , & . c , in one church only . They had deposited these secretly ; and , we are told , had actually organized a military corps / or the defence of the churches . As these preparations became generally known , they
naturally caused considerable excitement . Parti 2 an newspapers fanned the flime ; and at length resulted the explosion with which our readers are already familiar . We may here remark that , base as is a too-great portion of the English press , it can scarcely equal that of a large portion of its American contemporaries . Besnett ' s New York Herald we Bce , iB specially angled out for denunciation by the Irish , as having been mainly the originator of the Wutive American party , and tbe evils which have followed its establishment . On the other hand it IB
charged upon the Ntu > York Freeman ' s Journal , that that paper had intimated " that the Romanists , if thwarted , wanted neither the disposition nor the power to bubs the cut and massacre the ikhabitakis . " If anything like this atrocity was uttered by that paper , we cannot wonder at the excitement on the opposite side ; au excitement not likely to be allayed when ihe mob discovered the secret store of seventy stand -of arms in St . Philip ' s Church ; and that too after it had been pretended that the whole of the aems hadieen given up to the authorities .
Tke attack oa the Hibernian Greens cannot be justified . It Appears to have been of a most brutal character ; and , assailed as those men were , we cannot wonder teat they fired on their assailants . But the firing « £ the military upon the people was a rery different xSair . It is attempted to be made out that this firing on Ae people was unavoidable , and that the Boldiery were compelled to this , to save themselves fxcm the excited multitude . But who caused that excitement iJg&unst the soldiery ! The soldiery themselves , or at least their officers . It will be remembered , that on the prexi ^^ evening ^ General Cadttalladeb had insolently threatened to fire grape-shot D pon the people , unless / -he J dis-
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persed ; and that the soldiery were apparently about to fire , when they were diverted from the horrid intent by the heroic devotion of the Hon . C . Naylob , who threw himself between the soldiery and the people , at the moment that the former were apparently about to massacre the latter . It should be abo remembered that Naylob was made a prisoner in . the very church which had been the objeot of so much popular suspicion : a strange way that , of quieting an excited people . The pretext , on th e
following morning , for firing on the people , was , that they had already commenced hostilities by striking down a Capt . Hill , who , it appears , had , without provocation , first attempted to cut down an elderly man , in which heroic exploit he was foiled and had his sword wrested from him . A soldier attempted to bayonet one of the mob . This roused popular fury ; and the result was , first the soldiery firing upon the people , and then the " battle" which raged between the authorities , and the multitude for some hours afterwards .
The conduct ' of this General Cadwallader appears to have been , throughout these proceedings , most insolent and tyrannical : and to bis account may , in a great measure , be charged the fearful destruction of life which took plaoe . He is , no doubt , some haughty would-be-Aristocrat ; anxious to emulate the doings of the royal men-botchers of Europe , and play the part which the heroes of Peterloo had played before him . Bearing these facts in mind , we now advance to a Becond stage in the consideration of these disturbances .
The Pres ? -gang of this country have been fairly overcome with astonishment , not only at what they term the * ' ferocity '' of the" mob " , but also that in addition to being armed with muskets and rifles , they had oannon ! Yes Cannon ! and actually knetp how to let them off I Now , while deploring these lamentable proceedings and the consequent destruction of human life , we by no means feel deeply grieved to learn that American freemen are possessed of those arms , wanting which and a knowledge of the use of whiob , their freedom would not be worth six-months' purchase . Our readers may learn from these disturbances the difference between Republicanism and tho ^ e " blessed- institutions , "—the product of the " wisdomof our ancestors , " which make
us " the admiration of the world and the envy of surrounding nations 1 " In this favoured land , if our rulers take alarm at the outward and visible signs of popular discontent , the ; disperse public assemblages by the bludgeon and cutlass of the police , or the bayonet and bullet of the soldier . Cannon , too , are not wanting ; but the grape-shot is always on the side of the oppressor . If any resistanoe is offered , it is usually in > be shape of groaning followed by a shower of atones , and then a general scamper ; while the police or Boldiers , bludgeon , cut , or shoot them down at pleasure . ' J his is not because Englishmen are cowards : for dress them in a red coat , and give them a musket , and the world , from Indus to the Pole , shall testify to their unflinching bravery : —
" Men whose undegenerate spirit Has been tried on land and flood . " No . The cause lies in the fact that it has been the policy of the ruling classes , for a now lengthy period , to gradually wean the people from the use and knowledge of armB , that so they might the more easily keep them in subjection . Hence the impotency of an English multitude . It is not so in America I There the people are abhed ; and
know hote Jo -use their arms wken occasion requires . True , we regret the occasion , we regret the manner , in which these armB wera employed lately : but be this the consolation of every patriot : the arms which were lately so potent in a mere civil broil would be fourid not the less effective , but much more so , in resisting any domestic or foreign foe who should seriously attempt the destruction of the liberties of the Republic !
We Bee that the Press of the American profitooracy is calling out for the establis h ment of a military police ; of foot , cavalry , and artillery at Philadelphia . We trust that the Philadelphians will be on the alert to prevent anything like the establishment of a Parisian gens d ' armie , or London police force : and that should any attempt be made to deprive the mass of the population of their arms , they will resist to the death . The Suffrage is the foundation and safeguard of all political rights ; but arms must ever bo the natural defenoo of the Suffrage .
But men who know how to fight , and upon occasion will fight , as the Philadelphians hav « done ; men who will unflinchingly face the cold tteel of the bayonet , maintain a contest against the military for hours ; and finally , only withdraw from the contest when the soldiery had been previously withdrawn : such men abb not to be easily enslaved ! We therefore cannot fear for the future i Vive la Republique I
Of course , the wiseacres of the Press have been hammering at their brains (!) to disoover the causes of these disturbances . We shall here notice one section of them ; and we do so for the pre-eminent absurdity of their suppositions . While Whigs and Tories agree to charge these riots upon Democratic institutions , the Irish Repeal Press , both of America and Ireland , solemnly , but most ludicruously , ascribe all to the plottings of Sir R . Peel , and the treacherous lavishing of English gold . Thus a Repeal paper published at Boston , U . S ., commences its account of tha liot thus : —
Philadelphia . —Dreadful Massacre /—This city has again b % n the scene of - further outrage , bloodshed , and slaughter . The devil , Sir Robert Peel , his Orange auxiliaries , and British gold have produced more disastrous effects . When and where is all this te end ? Again the American correspondent of the ( Dublin ) iYafien , says—The London press need not halloo so loud at this affair u they have done ; we can trace its origin to English gold . And the Drogheda Argus asks : —
Whence comes this renovated power ? We believe it is fed by English gold . We believe that those who are interested in crushing the Repeal agitation in America , have re-kindled the diabolical spirit of Nativeism to effect that object . Now we believe nothing of the sort . " Give the devil his due , " is an adage no doubt much too tolerant to be remembered by these gentry ; but little cause as they may have to love Sir R . Peel , we think it hardly fair to first be-deril him , and then run him down with "his Orange auxiliaries . '' His Orange auxiliaries 1 why there is not an
Orangeman in England , Ireland , or America , but holds Sir R . Peel in the greatest hatred . " Devil a bit , " " devil" as he is , are they auxiliaries of his But then , that old bugbear , English gold ! When the Jacobins of Paris excited the levies en masse , by the cry of " English gold , " there waB possibly some truth in the charge . But there ' s a difference of fifty years since that time . Then , though we had a pretty bwiKGEiKo jmebt , we had not a debt of eight hundred millionB ! It was subsequent to 1754 that Napoleon arose ; and a war of twenty yeara followed . That war cost us somewhere about £ 1 , 700 , 000 , 000 . It
has left us with a debt , the interest of which alone costs £ 30 , 000 , 000 per annum . And now , after nearly thirty-two years of " profound peace , " we find the Government compelled to extort an incometax t not to " carry on a war , " but simply to carry on a peace . No , no , Messieurs Repealers : the English Govbbnment has no Gold to throw away in bribing American Editors , and buying up American parties . Thero was a time when this Tahiti affair ; this "inBult" offered by that M tarnal screamer , " . * A « Gallic Cock , would have roused the
Bbitish Lion in his lair , and urged him forth to war and destruction to wipe out the disgrace . Bat there will now fee no war ! Poor Queen Pohare may betake herself to this or some other land , a royal refugee ; but the assistance she vainly hoped for from England to restore to her her Sovereignty , she will never get . We cajwot apfobb- to go to wak . We Are bound o ' er in Eight Hundred Millions to keep the peace > And though , if compelled , absolutely forced , into a national conflict , the English Government could , we feel persuaded , put forth a power and resources whioh some folk linle dream
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of ; still they toill only do this H on compulsion . " The idea of a Government situated as ours is , lavishing gold upon American traitors , is perfectly preposterous ! too absurd for serious refutation . There is one light in whioh these absurd monthings about English gold may be viewed ; not so ridiculous , but infinitely more painful . At the bottom of this humbug about English gold is , that rancorous feeling against England as a nation , and the English as a people , whioh has been , and is , the disgrace of the Repeal Press , both of Ireland and America . These writers are loud in their denudation Of the bigotry and barbarity of the " Native
Americans " : but how much better ia their own position , when they give strength to every prejudice and currency to every fiction , tending to create or 'keep alive bigotted and hateful feelings between Irishmen and Englishmen ! These men are loud mouthers for liberty ; but they know not what true liberty is . They would aggrandize their own country , or a particular religion , and rejoice in wars and bloodshed , if only the object of their dislike was the sufferer : and this they call liberty ! They must go to school again to learn liberty ' s first principles , ere they set themselves up as advocates of her cause , or instructors of her children .
The true cause of these outrages is religious bigotry . That must be manifest enough to ail who have taken the trouble to make themselves acquainted with the history of the " Native" party . We fear that the bigotry is by no means a onesided thing . It is pretty clear that in America , an in England , the Irish have continued to clan together ; and even after they had become citizens of the Republic , and had thereby voluntarily renounced the country of their birth for that of their adoption ,
they have retained their national predeliotions and peculiarities , and acted as though they were more intent on building up an Irish and Catholic Republic in the bosom of the States , rather than becoming , by amalgamation , part and parcel of the American people . This course of conduct has excited the prejudices of the " native-born" citizens ; and these prejudices , fomented by scheming politicians , unprincipled newspaper writers , and intolerant bigets have produced the late dreadful calamities . The prime ingredient in this boiling cauldron of
" Babble , babble , Toil and trouble . " has evidently , we repeat , been religious bigotry . For further confirmation , we point to our American news this week , from which it will be seen that even in the social arrangements of domestio life , persecution of religious opponents is at present the order ; of the day in Philadelphia . This is net the fault of Republicanism . On the contrary , the misfortune for Republicanism is , that it has , in the States , still to contend with the fanatical creeds and systems imported from priest-ridden Europe .
In every age and e > ery clime Superstition ) has been the bane of mankind , and the prime cause of their slavery and mitery . Behold the workings of the fell monster even at the present time ! In France , we see the priests struggling for the restoration of that power wrested from them at the Revolution , and conspiring with all their ancient craftiness and energy to effect onoe more the subjugation of the mind of France to their unhallowed sway . Switzerland , the oldest Republic in the world , is threatened with a speedy disorganization and dissolution , because her children , as Catholics and Protestants , unmindful of the patriotism of Tell , turn ( heir arms against each other , instead of against the jealous tyrants who surround them , and who hail those
disunions with joy : and this is the work of Priestcraft . Rome , the onoe mistresB of the world , and Italy , the paradise of Europe , withers and perishes under a bloody and gloomy tyranny : and this is the work of Priestcraft . Spain ia reduced to the lowest state of crime , slavery , and misery : and this is the work of Ptiestcraft . Ireland has suffered wrong and tyranny for centuries , because her children were , and are yet , fiercely arrayed against each other , through differences of religious belief : and this is the work of Priestcraft . Lastly , we have now to lament ovtr these Philadelphian outrages , disgracing the fair fame of the freeest laud under heaven , because the blaok-sluga of fraud aud superstition will not let men live as they might do , in amity and fraternity : and this is the work of Priestcraft I
While Priestcraft continues to exist , there can be no real freedom for mankind ; no hope of the 8 ta « bility of free institutions . Priestcraft has for centuries kept the old world in subjection to Kings and Aristocrats ; and unless rooted out of America , will yet poison all that is good and glorious in her institutions . There ehould be no peace , no truce with this arcb pest of the world . Its existence is intolerable ; and no matter under what mask , cloak , or name it exhibits itself , it should be warred with to the death . DeUndx est Carthago I
Wje agree with the Editor of The People ' s Rights that the Land Monopoly has had , though not directly , a great deal indirectly to do with these Philadelphian disturbances . No one possessed of common sense and honesty will doubt the truth of the following : — It Is Land Monopoly that forces population into large citrea , bringing np , in poverty , ignorance , and ¦ vice , thousands who , seeing wealth and luxury among them , fiom which they cannot understand wby they are excluded , are ripe for any row or excitement which may chance to afford them the means of temporary gratification , at the risk only of an existence which they have not much cause to value .
It is Land Monopoly that will force the necessity of a standing army and a despotic xule to prevent the outbreaks of concentrated destitution and fanaticism , or a Restoration of the Right to Lands which will prevent the increase of cities . Which shall it be ? Large cities are the curses of civilization ! "God made the country ; man made the town !" O , for some Titus to pass the ploughshare over them ! O , for some Cincinatus to lead us back to nature and the plough ! Let those who charge upon Democracy these unfortunate tumults , reflect what has been the history of all nations under the governance of Monarchies , Hierarchies , and Aristocracies .
From the days of the Crusades to the present time , how many revolutions , insurrections , riots , and religious massacres , have disgraced every European state , with scarcely one interval of repose . Where , in the history of DEMOCBACT , shall we find bo tremendous , so monstrous an act of folly , as the Crusades , when the entire of the chivalry , thievery , aud brutality ef Europe was let loose upon the East to feed with tbeir million carcasses the gorged vultures and jackalls of Asia ! Where shall we find anything like the king-and-prieBt manufactured massacre of St . Bartholomew \ How harmless is this
Philadelphian broil , compared with the Lord George Gordon riots—when not any second city , but the metropolis of the British empire , was for days in the possession of a brutalized mob ; when gaols , churches , and private houses wera given to the flames ; when hundreds perished miserably by fire , sword , and drunkenness . Is the Philadelphian riot to be compared with that ? And lastly , at the present time we see Germany , —king-ridden Germany , convulsed with the outbreaks of her maddened toilers , rendered desperate by hunger and wretchedness 1 We see these unhappy beings in thousands destroying that machinery , which , righteously
employed , might have given them the happiness of a Paradise ! madly precipitating themselves upon the bayonets of the mercenaries of Kingcraft , and by brute-force again driven back to their dens of squalor and despair 1 Who will envy such a state of things as compared with America , with all her defects Let the apologists of despotism , and the supporters of the old , and well-nigh worn-out systems of fraud and force , chuckle as they please over the Phll ' adelphian riots : these riots come bu t rarely , while despotism is almost eternal ; ever CONTINUOUS } EWB WATCHFUL ; ETEK BEADY WITH AXB AND HALTSK X " O BFILL THB BLOOD OF PATB 1
OTISM , AND STIFLE XHE BREATHINGS OF FREE THOUGHT , " One day , one bout , of virtuous liberty , Ia worth a whole eternity of bondage : " and the men of America will , we have fervent faith ; disappoint the hopes , and u ' efeat the prog-
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nostications of those hooting owls of Kingoraft who , — " the wish is father to the thought , "— affeot to view these temporary ebullitions as the precursors of the Repablio ' s downfall ! Oar belief is the reverse ; and that belief ia too deeply implanted to be torn up by these pjatty disturbances , Lw ) g fly the atar-Bpangled banner ! long live the American Democracy 1 and loDjj ? live TRUE LIBERTY l !
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no money . What must become of my wife and children ?—Qo down . The defendants asked if they would be food enongb . to take down the depositions : and Mr . Beesley applied that they , might be , aa , if the depositions were removed by certiorari before a Judge , the men would immediately be discharged . Magistrates—We see no necessity for taking them down , and can do very well without .
William Hendson , John Grey * John Putvia , John Davideon , Thomas Coltman , Isaac Golightly , Robert Purvis , James Bmass , and James Stevens were all severally called upon , and Mr . Harrison repeated—This case is the same as the last Mr . Rutherford—Precisely the same . James Stevens to Mr . Rutherfowl —Did you see me build a tent ?—No . I thought not , for I have only the bed curtains over the bed to keep as much rain off my children at night as I can , and I have not moved them a foot from where you put them . AH I have done is the putting up the curtains . Tha whole thirteen were then taken in custody to Dor « ham House of Correction for fourteen days .
Who would not be an Englishman , and live in too . County of Durham , to have knowledge taught them 'by Veech , of the City Tavern , and of the Durham Chronicle , and to save justice dealt oat to them by the Durham Magistrates ? That ' s Durham justice ! In the first plaoe tha reader will observe that Mr Beesley stated his ability to prove that the men had been illegally ejected from their homes—illegally because they had not had that notice given then
which the law provides . " It does not matter , " Bay the Magistrates ; " that ' s not the question before us ; —the question is , have these men trespassed . " Bat we submit , Messrs . Magistrates , the question of their illegal ejection is the question . If these mea have been illegally ejected , they ought of right , and bylaw , still to be in the houses from whioh they have been thrusted . If they have trespassed the / have been compelled to it by those who now accuse them . It is their accusers who should have stood at your Magisteiial bar .
Mark how the charge of trespassing is maaufao * tured . James Rutherford , Land Steward to the Countess of Durham , comes to the men , and orders them to take down their tents , go about their business , and not occupy " the PRIVATE pro « perty of the Labibton ' s . " But the men could not go . Why ! Because they had no where to go lo t " ALL THE PROPERTY IN THAT NEIGHBOURHOOD WAS PRIVATE . " Yes , Englishmen , that ia the case ! Every inch of the soil ia usurped by the Countfss of Durham , or some other Land-Monopolist ! There is not a solitary spot where the toiler can put his foot , for it " belongs " to some one else ! How aptly apply the words of that truly inspired writer , the Abbe de La Mannais : —
" Go to the East , and to the West , and to the North , and to the South , and wherever ye shall go , shall ye find some one who will drive you thenoe saying , * This field is mine !'" ** And when you have wandered through your native land , no where will you find a miserable spot of earth , where your wife may bring forth her first-born , or where you may lie down to die , and your children bury you in a place that may be
theirs I " Mark the result 2 Magistrate , to tbe defendant—You must pay a fine of 28 . 6 d . and 5 s . 6 d . costs , or go to the House of Correction , fourteen days . Defendant—I have no money- gentlemen—not a penny . —Then you must go to jail . That ' s Durham justice ! Again another .
Magistrate—Will yon remove yonr tent ? As soon as I can I wUL—That won't do for us : you must pay a fine of 2 s . 6 d ., and 5 s . 6 d . costs , or go to prison for fourteen days . —I have no money . What must become of my wife and children 1—Qo down . That ' s Durham justice ! Again . Others were arraigned for the same "offence , " and had the like justice meted out to them . Thirteen in all were sent to Duham gaol for fourteen days . That ' s Durham justice \ And when the men leave the gaol , will they remove their tents ! No : for they have no where to go to . Theu they must go to prison again !
That ' s Durham Justice ! But what sort of "tanU" are these the poor Miners erect , and , by so erecting , trespass upon "the Countess of Durham ' s property" ! Read ! aye , read a ain , the following : — " James Stevens to Mr . Rutherford—Did you see me build a tent 7—No . I thought not , for I have only the bed curtains over the bed to keep as much rain off my children at night as I can , and I have not moved them a foot from where you put them . All I have done is the putting np the curtains . "
O God ! Do we breathe in England , and can read of horrors like the above , and no justice for the oppressed , no vengeance for the oppressor !! Stevens' bed is thrown out at the door ; there ifc lies , for he has no where to take it to ; no where to go to . He puts up the curtains to 6 ave his little ones from the rain , and from the wind , —the peltings of the pittiless storm : aud this is called a "tent ;*' this tent" is a" trespass ; " and for this he is sent to prison ! That ' s Durham Justice !
The Countess of Durham as some of our readers may know is the widow of the late Earl of Durham . His Lordship was famed for Mb "liberality " : we mean political liberality . Of his liberality as an employer , and coal-owner we know nothing . Neither can we claim any acquaintanceship with , or any knowledge of , the Countess ; but we would respectfully submit to her , that the memory and reputation of her deceased husband , to say nothing of her own character , demands that these cruelties
upon the poor pitmen should not be committed in her name . It is not at all improbable that this fellow Rutherford , has no authority for his rascally persecution of the poor men , but is acting solely in the wantonness of his own wickedness , unknown to the Countsss , If so , we trust that for the sake of the poor women and children , nay for the sake of her own good name the Countees will interfere between this monster , and tha viotima of bis cruel mandate .
There is another Lady to whom we would say a word . We mean the Marchioness of Londonderry . If we have not been misinformed , that Lady did , on the occasion of a previous strike , interfere and successfully too , on behalf of the pitmen . At the present time the men say they know that if the Marchioness knew of their grievances , she would sympathise with them , and use her influence to pnt an end to their sufferings . This confidence of the men in the good feelings of tbe Marchioness , is the best tribute that could be paid her : we trust her humane interference will yet be exerted to pat a speedy end to this terrific struggle .
But above all we call on tbe Trades and working classes generally to redouble their exertions in defence , and for the support of the Pitmen * They bave resolved not to yield . ' See then , men ol England , that they are backed up in their rig hteous resolve . " I assure you , says one of the writers from the " seat of war , " "that thero is every prospect of bringing our ' struggle to an honourable conclusion , if th ' e men of London and other parts , will continue their aid , which we do not doubt . " See then , men of London , men of England , that the hope reposed in you , is not reposed in vain .
We bad intended to bave commented upon ft beastly mass of religious fanaticism and hypocrisy in the shape of tracts , hand-bills , Ac , which aret we understand , circulated among the pitmen , for the purpose of cajoling or frightening them bj Scripture texts , and threats of the devil and damnation , into giving up the Union and returning to their former slavery . We are compelled , by want of space , to postpone comment for the present ; bnt we promise these holy impostors they shall have fall justice done them shortly . Once more we soand the alarm ! Up to the rescue ! Men and women , throughout the length and breadth of England , we appeal to you . GJT 9 your mites ! Pour in your subscriptions ! Now ' s the day , and now's the hour . Onward , and we conquer ; backward , and we fall , .
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THE WAR IN THE NORTH . PROGRESS OF tABOURS * TRIUMPH—DESPE RATION 6 f THE COAL KINGS .
DURHAM JUSTICE . We request the attention of our readers to an important communication whioh will be found in " the Colliers Movement , " headed M The Strike in the North , " from which they will see that the temporary tide of ignorant and misled Welshmen , Scotchmen , and Irishmen , aided by the oorrupted and intimidated " natives" of the district , who a week or two ago threatened by , their immigration and treachery the overwhelming of the brave men of Northumberland and Durham ; that that tide on which the Coal Kings hoped to float into the harbour of victory , is already ebbiag , threatening to leave these pirates of the mine a pitiable ! wreck upon the lee shore of defeat and discomfiture . Our readers will rejoice to learn from this communication , that of Londonderry ' s
«' foreigners" on « iAwnrfr « d and fifty have thrown up the piok , and in all likelihood have by this time left ] the district . The harvest has begun in tbe South . It will immediately commence in the North : and it strikes as that Londonderry will find that not a few of " hit foreigners" have taken advantage ef " his '' shipping conveyance , —not to work in " his mines , " but to work in other folks' corn-fields ; very wisely , we think , prefering tbe joyous face of the earth , to the interior of the gloomy and life-destroying mine 1 We have also reooived a communication from Wingate Grange , giving the following as the number in that district who { have abandoned the pits , and returned to the Union , or left the district within the past week : — !
South Wingate , ... ... 43 Wingate Grange , ... ... . 20 Kelloe , i ... ... ... 52 Thornley , ... ... ... 198 Coxhoe , ] ... ... ... 57 Marquies' Collieries , ... ... 205 South Hetton , ... ... 35 They add : " in the wholo of the district there is scarcely a solitary individual at work . " So much for Londonderry ' s threat to fill the pits with " his foreigners " ! :
In the report of : a meeting holden in London on Monday night last , our readers will find a letter read at the meeting , written by a person at " the seat ef war , " and ; dated Sunday last . From that the reader will learn some of the vile acts had recourse to by Londonderry and Co . to entrap a portion of the men ; luring them with feasts and drinks ; hoping through the treachery of that portion , to compel the unconditional surrender of the
mass . But the plotters are foiled ! The wicked have been taken in their own snares . True , they got some of the men to fill their " hungry guts" at the expense of the " long purses" of their tyrantB ! The poor fellows eat and drank , and " small blame to them "; but there the fraternization ended . They " bit" the "biter "; and the next morning found them as staunch to the Union , and as determined to " conquer or die" 08 at any previous period of the struggle . !
Thus foiled on every hand , these coal-devils are becoming desperate . Our readers are acquainted with the brutal treatment of the poor fellows , their wives , and little ones , in the turning of them out of their homes , and driving them homeless , shelterless , upon the wide world . Tbe consequence of this has been , that numbers of women have died in childbed ; their deaths occasioned by the fright and brutality to which they were subjected when driven from their homes , and \ the suffering which necessarily followed their encamping on the ground . If there
be a God , surely vengeance will yet light upon the head of their murderers ! for every woman or child ' s life thus sacrificed , we denounce as a brutal premeditated murder ! murder , as worthy' of the gallows , as over Thurtell or Grkenacrb swung for . But these diabolical miscreants have not stopped here . Net content with driving the victims of their tyranny from home and habitation , they are now pursuing ! them with the most savage extermination . Let our readers " mark , learn , and inwardly digest" the following : —
More Durham { Justice . —On Tuesday , the 6 th of AaguBt , thirteen men were brought before John White , and J . S mpaon , Eaqs ., Justices of the Peace at Houghton-le-Spring , County of Darbam , on a charge of Trespass . Tbe information was laid against them by Thomas Harrison , Viewer of the Lambton Collieries . Some time ago , the parties charged were ejected from their houses without tbe notice required by law—tbeir goods taken and laid at the doors of the cottages they bad been occupying ; . To shelter themselves , families , and goods , from the pelting of tbe storm they bad erected tents .
A few days ago , James Rutherford , Land Steward to tbe Countess of Durham , gave them notice to take down their tents , { go about their business , and not occupy the private property of tbe Lambton's . This Rutherford and tbe Viewer bad assisted in the ejectment of these families from their homes . The men bad no where to go te . All the property in tbat neighbourhood was private , consequently they remained where tbe Agents of tbe Lamb ton ' s bad placed them . Warrants were taken oat for the apprehension of these innocent and unoffending men . When brought before the Magistrates , Messrs . Harrison and Rutherford were tbe Prosecutors .
Mr . Harrison sworn . —Joseph Atkinson is living upon the private property of tbe Countess of Durham without leave . The men having been ejected from the cottages , faavo built tents . Have bad notice given them to quit , but they have [ not done so . By the Bench—Did you give them notice ? No ; Mr . Rutherford did . Air . Rutherford sworn . —Atkinson was turned out of his house some time ago , and has since then erected a tent . I gave him notice to take the teat down ; he has not done so . He baa also damaged the house to a certain extent . He has taken part of bis goods into the house . I estimate the damage at 2 s 6 d .
Mr . Beesley was ] in attendance , and after statins that Mr . Roberts was unavoidably absent , requested to be allowed to make a few observations , which was granted . He I Mr . Bee ^ lej ); could not understand nnder what Act they were proceeding . The first question that ought to occupy the attention of the bench was , whether the parties charged had been legally or illegally ejected from their cottages by the parties complaining ? and secondly , whether the defendants had not erected tbe shelter on tbe spot where the prosecutors had tumbled their furniture ? The law required a certain notice to be given [ before a man could be ejected from his house . In this case , that notice had not been given ; and if the parties bad erected tents at the doors of those cottages wbicb they had previously inhabited , or taken a part of their furniture into them
again—Mr . Beesley was stopped by the bench , and told it made no difference ; whether they ( the defendants ) had been ejected illegally or not ; that was not tbe question before the Bench ; j they had been charged with doing a certain amount of damage , and having tents upon private property , and stseh a system moat be pat a atop to . Mr . Beesley requested that the magistrates would not exercise tbeir jurisdiction in this case , but ailow tbe matter to stand ever , to be tried in a higher Court The magistrates at Gateshead had granted bis request upon a similar caie , and the parties charged bad entered proceedings against tbosa who had ejected them . If the magistrates would ] allow this case to stand over , Bimlmiiar proceedings would be instituted .
Magistrates to the Defendant—Will you , to night or tomorrow morning , remove yeur tent ? Defendant—I will xtmove as soon as ever I can . I bave not the means just now , bat as soon as I get them , and have a place to go to , I will do so . Mr . Rutherford again—I went to the tent ; the defendant was not in ; I saw his wife . I had to go into the tent before I could see the furniture inside the cottage . The tent is at the very door . —Do yon know or did you see who put the furniture back into the cottage f I did not see who pnt it in . —Do you know who built the tent ?—I do not I did not see any of them built , but I have no doubt about it . —Did yon see any body damage the property ?—No .
Magistrate—It makes no difference about seeing them damage it ; the men damage it by having their tents there . You most pay a fine of 2 s ed and 5 a 6 d costs , or go the House of Correction fourteen days . Defendant—I nave no money gentlemen—not a penny . —Then you must go tojaiL Harrison Fenwicfe called . —Mr . Harrison ( tbe viewer This case ia the , ' same as the last . Air . Rutherford—Precisely the same . Magistrate—Will you remove your tent 1 | As soon as I can I wilL—That won't do for us : you must pay a fine of 2 s 6 * d , and &s 6 * d coats , or go to prison for fourteen days . —I bave
The Koetheen Star. Saturday, August 10, 1844.
THE KOETHEEN STAR . SATURDAY , AUGUST 10 , 1844 .
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j THE NORTHERN STAR . August 10 . 1844 . J ^ ,.. . . . . j rr" !?^ : ^ ¦• ¦¦'•¦• - ' ¦ ¦ * - ¦ . .. ¦ ¦ ¦ -, .. _ . _ .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 10, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1275/page/4/
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