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ySovtisa 3*nUTli$tnce.
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1044.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FRANCE . ( From our oven Correspondent ) STBJ K * THE WoBXERS IS STAINED PaPESS — In No . 42 of the Movement , in a , valnable article on *• Socialism in France" is * n incidental mention of the strike of the workers in stained paper j . a E ^ rike of no Fm&ll interest to Englishmen , as it depicts the galling servitude to which working men generally are subjected in that country , and which ^ fi" ads many parallel eases , of equal , if iot greater , o ^ pr ^ sgfon in the annals of trades in this country . Sirica * the publication of that article a more dialled aecount of this ease has been given in the columns of the national on the kearing of an spr ^ ea ! from the victims to one of the Bnperior court i for a reversal of
the judgment © a the grounds o * . combination and tyranny on the part of the masb ^ rs , and the absence of any combisation anaon ? tha : men . M . Emanual Arago conducted the case on the part of the men , basing his arguments on tho merits of the case : taking advantages of no legjj quibbles , nor humbly » pp « alingto the court for mercy , but showing that the masters were the first-9 _ nd only aggressors , that Each aggressions were not merely of aa abstract or trivial "Hilnre , 4 > ni in-roKed the right to- lire , and were therefore rightfully resisted in a peaceable and legal"Hanner . On tbe trial irrefutable documents ¦ were produced , proving the existence of a society of-masters ostensibly forihe general purposes of the trade , bnt really focthe fixing of the rate of wages
to : be paid to their "workmen . Of this combination , ele&rly illesal , a K . Piottot is president ; the fellow , a > t"whose instigafem the men were prosecnted , and who at one of the meetings of the society proposed a . Eeoer&l reductioaof wages . Thi 3 , one employer , a M . Seveste , nobly opposed ; for which he was excelled : it being -declared that he could not form one of ihescciety . "The reduction was attempted in the following manner . It is a gtneral custom in France where the work is usually done by the piece , for the paster and man to Agree npon a certain price for tt . e job , butifihi 5 cannot be doneat £ r 3 t , the mangoes jt with his work , charging abont 4 ? . per day lor one o .-j ^ ooays , s . t the end of -which lime it is snpposed Xtiit enongh will be done © n which to form an accurate
estimate , and such as neither master nor men can object to . M . Hiottot gave some work te a man named Richera'ad . mentioning 11 s . Ai . as the price , to which tfee latter objected , demanding 12 s . 6 d . INot agreeing , Bicheraud went to work npon the nsnal understanding of 4 s . per day ; but at the end » f the first day Riottot reiterated his offer of 11 s . 4 d ., and actually paid this sum ; Richeraud not having conrage or prudence sufficient to refnse . Shortly after M . Riottot attempted the same ruse with three others , Boiteux , Senion , and Diqueux , who refused , and left of working , as they nndonbtedlj bad a light to do . The news spreading , other men in the S 3 me factory becam * exasperated at the treachery of W ' . Riottot , as it now became a question of the
most vital importance , being no other than whether they should , as heretofore , have a voice in fixing the amonnt to be paid for their work , or whether they should be compelled to work for anything the master might charxje to offer . Meanwhile Riotott caused a list to be prepared of the six men who had left their ¦ work in consequence of his meanness , and also a list of thirteen others whom he suspected of an intention to leave at some other time , and these lists he sent round to his brother tyrants with a Tiew to prevent such parties from working at all . Here M . Arago ¦ will bsst explain the after consequences . " Being thns driven from the factories , and denied the means of earning a subsistence , they assembled in the streets : and what else could they do ! Is it at all
"Wonderful that they grouped together before the factories ? Where could one expect to find them tut there , vhere they may seek the advice of their more fortaaate brethren , and mutually adopt measnrts for the benefit of all ? Was it also to be expected that Fontaine and Bowrehet , whose loyalty has never been questioned , and whose skill and industry eTery one agrees to praise , was it to be expected that these could shut themselves up in a cold isolation , and refuse io meeour those to whose condition they might themselves ere long be reduced ! Ho , they generously came to the assistance of their onfortnnate brethren . They extended to them the fcand of friendship ; and being most highly esteemed among the workmen , they atlvised peace and
order . They wrought no combination , they headed none , bnt with their patriotic master ( M . Sevestt ) tnecoured the distressed , and braved in so doing the tyranny of an illegal combination to defraud the labourer of his due . And what is this dut ! Let us analizd this ftnr shillings per day . For oil , use of tools , and o ^ ber expences the labonrer has ' to pay aboni Is 6 d , leaving but 2 sSd for food , lodging , and clothing , for a man , his wife , and family 1 Even this small sum the manufacturer seeks unjustly to curtail . " An attempt was made by M . Riouot , ¦ faring the trial , to implicate M . Sereste , a manufacturer , as htlorging to the combination , But the
charge was speedily refuted : and it was in consequence of this that the exposure of the combination of the manufacturers was made . The Advocate General , whose father had been a working man , tut eventually rose to a millioi » aire , on behalf of the Crown , attempted no refutation of the facts of M . Arago , not even a defence of the combination , —se ondonbtedly illegal , —of the masters , bnt merely contented himself with asking the confirmation , with a slight exception , of the judgment of the onrt below . This was granted by ihe Court of Appeal , reducing , iqwever , the term of imprisonment ' of M .- Fontaine , from eight months to three . *
The King , anxions thathi 3 visit to the Qieen of England should be marked by an set of clemency , we find in the Moniieur the following announcement : — "By an ordinance , dated from the Chateau ¦ d'Eu on the 4 ih insU , the King , on the report of the ilmister of Justice , haB remitted the remainder of lie pnnishment which they had to undergo to all the peli'ical convicts whose penalty , pronounced prev ious io 1844 , 13 to expire before the 1 st of January , 3 £ 47 , and io 12 other political prisoner ? , sentenced tO-C , 10 , 15 . and 20 years imprisonment , or to transportation . ' Between i > 0 and 60 political prisoners will recover ihelr libern % in virtne of this ordinance .
SPAIN . We have . -eeeived accounts from Madrid of the 1 st instant . The Spanish capital is in a state of great siajm from the various rumours afloat . It was -currently rumoured thai the Government had determiiied aj oecs to strike the coup d ' etat , for "which it has bee n evidently preparing lor some time , and it was eTec £ 2 id that the J 2 ; h of October was the day fixed for the event .
BELGIUM . Btc sels , Oct . 5 —A letter from " vVrviers , of the 20 h oi September , pnblL-hed in the Universal German Gczelle , Las i ^ w following account of the attempted > Ti : cide oS ' "he celebrated Polish General , "Uminsku—Ail ihe irhabitants of the town are Effllcted by the ttifcfOTiuBc which has . > tfallen General Dmmski , who is so well known for it e part which he acted in the Polish TrTo ] u : ion . I ' m * lieneral resided at Spa , at which place the Commii ^ ry of Police caused him to
he arrested , andcondnc" * d on foot , and under escort , to ths prison at Yervu " £ > for a trfl ng . debt coniraeted at Brussels . Gcl eral ~ Umin = ki , who is seventy years of age , could u 't endure to live after this cirgrace . He first attem ) . ted to harg himself with Lis cravat , bni was cut i ^ f > wn by the keeper ; he then opened a vein in both arms , and though he has icceivid all possible aseists ice > l * i 3 " ot jet out of dsnger . While the old G ^ neral is on the point of expiring on a bed of strs "w . and in prison , hiB daughter and his son-in-law . vre living in opulence , all his former friends havi . ' abandoned him .
ITALY . aiy the Sesosiris steamer le v . t * r 3 have been received from Naples of the 27 ih , which mention that the political prisoners who have beea imprisoned in the Castle of St . Elmo for the last six months on suspicion of their being implicated in * the insurrection in Calabria have been set at liberty . The names are MM- BtZ ' lli , De Angnstinis , Poero , Ayala , aDd the two nephews of General Pepe . A * itat number oi their friends waited upon them to co igriiulate them ¦ upon their escape , and to express i hr-ir sympathy for t > eir long imprisonment . It is said that the Government did no : bring ihem to trial , as they were afraid of an acquittal .
The Statecp Itavy . —Teieste , Sft t- 13—The Teportsfrom Kaples cominne to be nn : » tisJactoiy . KotwithsrandiDg the moJt diligent unreii lilting parsuit , the military forces have not ytt ed cceeded in destroying the armed bands which infest th < * northern parts of the country . Many soldiers have already lost their lives by the balls of these freeboot " »*> , and only very lately a small detachment of h . ms , ; s troops was cnt down in an ambuscade . It w > wa » e impossible for those bands to maintain them sex * e « s so Ions"if they did not find sufficient sappoit : i I * = « conniry itself . Arrests have of late again bet ^^ e more numerous , and some evenramong the Eijlit ; ? F * where traces hare been diseorered of participate ob in criminal associations . No better is the aspect » " >*
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• Some wctZc s in riaf * ed paper * were tried on the S 0-Ji of Asgnst , afitT thire n . f > cth > preventive d&tentton , on a charge of combinatit . ^ 1 . Tbey amrmed and demonrtrattd that the mannfEctn . ' ^ Ts had co mbined , bnt the Com * ¦ would kuow notilBg of the coalition of Oieir potions . The labourers then proved that OOzy had not combined , imt the Conit contended vbat tbey bad , and jaszed the following sentences on sevetieen of them : — Ose to eight months * iropiboniBeiil j four to three months ; five io two Ejentbs ; one to one montk ; three i- Eftten dBjs ; tnree to ei ^ ht qbjb ; anvl all to great opiate ? . All "were arrettfefi Three months a $ o Three v ^ i-u } , iwo children ,. and fire labourer i : ave been i . c ^ red innocent , tnd Ett at liberty / - Bui even these > . ^ . i- ciaiuea is pi isoEtrB for ttree Bicctbs i Wfaat a 1 ^ . i in . v l » itispreTtntrpe detention J Wtsl a state of *» -c » -v . V- Oj nitappy woikiEg men !— The 21 c-vemmi , Jb-pi . ' 2 h \ h .
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affairs in the dominions of the Pope . There also armed ban-ia continue to carry on a guerilla warfare with th ^ troops of the government , and the malcontents r the Romagna , and in the March of Ancona kecr _ the papal authorities in a perpetual state of ^' arm . The vbit of the Imperial family has brought to cur town delegates from nearly all the Italiaa states , whose presence , as generally supposed , is taken advantage of by Prince Metternioh to hold confidential consultations upon the position of Italian affairs , and the means of combatting the revolution . The plan , formerly started , of a united acting to that effect of all the Italian states will probably on this occasion he brought to maturity . It is not likely that the cause of Reform , however urgently it may be required in most of the Btates , wil have anything favourable to expect from these diplomatic negotiations ; the evU may thus be kept in check , but it certainly will not be healed . —Cologne Gaxette .
TRIPOLI . Tbipovi , Sept . 3 . —The insurgents are vanquished ; money and treicbery has overcome them . Some frightful barbarities on the part of the Turks may be expected ,
TAHITI . Gboss Irscxt to ah Officeb of thb British Natt . —Falmouth , October 5 . —Rear Admiral Thomas , when proceeding with the squadron from the Society Islands to Yalparasio , Bent her Majesty ' s ship Hazard , Commander Bell , to Tahiti , with despatches for the British representative at that island . On arriving in the bay on the 4 th of April , without entering the harbour , Lieutenant Frederick £ . Rose was sent on shore with the despatches , in a four-oared boat , which he delivered at the consularhouse to Lieutenant Hunt , commander of her Majesty ' s ketch Basilisk , who was the only English representative at Tahiti . Lieutenant Rose then tmbarked for the purpose of returning to the
Haaird , and after ha ring proceeded about 100 yards from the wharf , he was hailed in French by an officer in a boat belonging to the French frigate La Charge , and not exactly comprehending the meaning of this unexpected challenge , he Teturned to Lieutenant Hunt and represented what had occurred , when , to his great astonishment , he was informed that lie was required to go on board the frigate , or to the residence of the French officer , with which , in the beceming spirit of an ollcer of the British navy , he declared he would not comply , unless force was used , and again entered his boat to proceed to the Hazird , when be was boarded by a four teen-oared galley , with ten men ia addition fully armed , the commanding officer of which
Deremotorily ordered him ob board the frigate La Charte . Having but four men in his boat , beside the assistant surgeon of the Hazard and himself , without any arms but his own sword , he considered it would be impossible to resist effectually such opposing force , and after solemnly protesting against this outrageous insult to an officer of the British navy in uniform , with the British pendant flying at the boat ' s masthead , he ordered the pendant to be hauled down , and then surrendered his sword to the French officer , and was immediately conveyed on board the French frigate , where , he was detained as a prisoner for three hours , and then liberated . As soon as he obtained his release he demaneed from the French commander an apology for the insult , which waB
positively and very unceremoniously refuted . Lieutenant Rose , on getting on board his own ship , related the insult which he had experienced to Commander Bell , who had no communication with the French commander , bnt proceeded to Sydney to procure water ; and as Admiral Thomas had gone to Valparaiso , and there being no prospect of reporting the transaction to him for some months , Lieutenant Rose considered the insult offered to him and the British nation so fhgrant that he obtained leave from the commander , and took his passage for England in the Arachne merchant vessel on the 6 th of June , and landed here in a pilot boat last night , and proceeded at once to London to lay the affair before the Lords of the Admiralty . —Morning Chronicle
FOREIGN MISCELLANY . Rumoured Mabhiage op Pbince George op Cambridge jlsd the Aechduchess Olca of Russia . —The Auffsbwryh Gazette of the 28 th of September publishes the following letter : — " Frontiers of Russia , Sept . 21 . " The report of a matrimonial union between the Grand Duchess Olga and Prince George of Cambridge daily gains more consistence . This ia regarded as the result of the journey of the Emperor of Russia to England , and as the commencement of a more intimate alliance between Russia and England . The Prince Rojal of Hanover having no family , it is known that the Duke of Cambridge ia heir presumptive to the Crown of Hanover ,
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THE AMERICAN MOVEMENT . RHODE ISLAND AFFAIRS .-THE ANTI-RENT WAR—ADVANCE OF THB AGRARIAN LEAGUE . Since our last , we have received Beveral copies of the New York Working Man ' s Advocate . That of the 7 th ult . contains an account of the " Mammoth Mass -Meeting at Rhode Island , " a report of which , exxracted from the New York Sun , appeared in our last . The gathering appears to have been a much more splendid affair than we had supposed . AccordiDg to the Working Man ' s Advocate , fifty thousand persons were present ! Jive thousand of whom ¦ were ladie *! The following revolutionary heroes were present : —
John Waldron , aged 78 , of Providence ; Lamond Clark , 81 , Sonthbridge , Mass ; Reuben Smith , 84 , Pawtuckfct ; Jonathan Peck , 85 . Cumberland ; Elijah Smith , S 3 , Smitbfield ; Joel Brown , 81 , Seckonk ; Benedict Remington , 85 . Eiit Greenwich ; Asa Bliss , 84 , Reboboth , Mass . ; Nathan B . Leonard , 83 . Seckonk , ( a Bunker-Hiller ); Obadiah Fennos , 80 , Foster ; Richard BurHngbame , 80 , Gloucester ; Silas Moore , 84 . Richmond ; Penner Agnell , 8 # , Providence ; Elijati Dillvngham , 79 , Providence ; Benjamin Peck , 74 , Providence . < was at the battle of Yotktown ); Nathan Rowen , SI Rehoboth ; and Jeremiah Pcarce , 81 , Attleboougb . The following is the conclusion of the proceedings extracted from the Advocate : —
The New York Delegation returned at four o clock in the IS orwich , and were eacorted to the beat by a delegation and cavalcade . On the arrival at the boat complimentary speeches were made in behalf of the Domocracy of Rhode Island , which were happily replied to > y Dr . Basbroack on tbe part of the Delegation , Cheers innnmerable were then given for Governor Dorr , the Suffrage P » rty , and the Domocratic Ladies of Rhode Island . Three tremendous groans ¦ were also given for the Algerines of Rhode Island and the Jury -who convicted Governor Dorr . Tte boat then left tbe -wharf amid the roar of cannon and snouts on board and on shore . Sbe arrived here about eight o'clock tbe following morning .
To jive some idea of the extent of this ? reat and trnly Democratic gathering , we may state , that the proceesioD of carriages frem the diiection of Pawtncket alone , reached five mileB , each vehicle containing from t"wo to thirty-five persena . From the best computation we coold make , there could not hava been less than Sfty thousand persona present at one time , and from seventy-five to a hundred thousand during the day , as delegatiena were proceeding to the gronnd at three o'clock , when the New York Delegation left , when there appeared to be as many goine as returning . A large party of tbe New York delegation and others -went on tbe hill above the Prison , and gave three tremendons shonta for J > orr and Free Suffrage , much to the terror of the armed guards of that American Bistile .
At a meeting held on board tbe steam-boat Norwich , on searing the city , on her return from tbe Mass Democratic Meeting at Providence , Dr . Fenelon Hasbroack was called to preside , and John Windt wsa appointed Secretary . The meeting being called to order , G ? org 9 H . Evans stated that , at the suggestion of Mr . Kline , a gentleman who was prone to play tricks upon tyrant * , he had drawn np some resolutions , which be offered , and which were adopted unanimously u follows : — " Whereas we have no doubt that the paper-money of Rhode Island is a powerful means , in tbe bands of tbe landlords of that state , to amass wealth withont labour , and to maintain usurped power in their hands , as they are drawing interest from the people for all they circulate ^—in other words , for all they otn to tbe com . munity ; therefore
•• Resolved , That we pledge onrselves not to give tbe Bankers of Rhode Island any further credit till Governor Dnrr is liberated and the People ' s Constitution restored ; and that we recommend to every friend of Dorr and Free Suffrage throughout the UnioD , to refuse to take Rhode Island paper money in exchange for tbe products of their labour , and to immediately demand specie for what tbey hold , " Resolved , That we consider the right of the people to be in possession of arms as one of the most sacred comermive powers of the United States Constitution . *• Resolved , That we hold ourselves , one and all , in readiness to go to Bhode Island whenever the people ol that state sb&u require our sympathies or our 8 erviees , in the -cause of Comstitotional liberty and Equal Rights . " * The Advocate of the 14 th ult .
sayE—, , The gratifying resnlt of tbe recent demonstration it that tbe "Algerian , " as they are called in Rhode Jiiand , are giving teay . 4 Jor . Dorr ' s father had been permitted to see him , and intimations bad been given . " ¦ bat , afler the dreaded fourth of September , be might be consulted as to tbe necessary steps to effect bis iibe * - atUm . ' -The people are now anxiously -waiting to ascertain whether this can be done by ttmslilvtional means , and tte question , we trust , will now soon be decided . The Ash-Bent War is proaressing vigorously . The Advocate of ihe 14 th ult ., teems with accounts of the uprisings of the farmers against the plundering land-lcrd system . We extraot the following paragraph : —
We learn by a friend who has ; nst jeturoed from tome of the Anti-Jisnt Districts , that the previous accouDta of the txten . * ive organization of the farmers against pajirg rents h- * e true . A most txtensive and Gttermined organization twists , and there are " Indians " ( o / Uit tribe thai made a tea&H o / Jtesian H < frt > gr ) jn all
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the " infected districts . " One nan , who bad bought a piece of r ' ne " disputed territory , " hired a surveyor and two , bullies from Albany to go and survey it , but they found it prudent to make tkemselves scarce . The Editor says—We have long foreman that the time would come , 'unless tbe Publio Lands were made free , when men ' would rafuts to pay rents , not only in tbe country bat in cities ; but we did not anticipate that tbe anti-rent movement would commence so soon . The circumstance affords a powerful additional argument in favour of the immediate freedom of the Pnblic Lands ; and we trust tb » t those who now have th ^ ir property invested in l » d will have wisdom and magnanimity enoughjto take the lead in tbe abolishment of that anti-republican anomaly , traffic in the pnblic soil .
One thing may be depended on ; that the AnV ' -Rent organisation is so powerful and so widely extended , that any attempt to put it down by military force would cost an immense sum to the state , and would after all be unsnscessful . Of th s there can be no donbt in tbe minds of those who understand the " Indian '' plan of op * rations . Tbe people , then , would be taxed , and perhaps blood be spilled , all to no purpose . Would it not be wiser for tbe Governor to call an extra session of the L ^ lsMure , and recommend some plan of adjusting tbe difficulty which shall be inaccordance with oar republican form of government f It reams to ug that some such plan would meet tbe present difficulty in a much better way than a civil war . However -we merely suggest this for the publio consideration . :
On tbe Freedom of the Pablio Lands we speak with confidence . This is a measure which cannot be delayed . It may be considered a settled point that the landless poor will no longer consent to be slaves themselves , and consent that their children shall be slaves , to land-Z # r *» , or to any other nobility . Gov . Bouck has offered a reward of five hunred dollars to such person or persona who shall give information which shall result in the conviction of the persona who tarred the Sheriff and Deputy Sheriff of Albany counties—* ' One hundred of which sum will be paid upon the first conyictions which shall take place in tbe counties of Albany and Rensselaer , and fifty dollars upon each subsequent conviction in each of tbe Baid counties . " What & chance that to make money , especially for a man who has so particular affection for a whole skin 2
In the meantime tbe National Refoim Association ( Agrarian League ) ia making steady progressa-ttraotiog the comments of the press and the attention of the public . Several new papers , in different parts of the Union , have within the last few weeks sprung into existence , all devoted to the cause oi Social Reform , and many of them advocating the principles and objects of the Agrarian League , Among these we notice the New York National Reformer , a new journal started by Mr . Deyyr , Editor of the Williamsburgh Democrat . In his opening address the Editor
says—11 We . firmly believe that this principle—of man ' a natural and never-to-be-lost right to use a portion of the eartb sufficient for his wants—is of more practical importance to the people at large than any other political or social principle that ever was brought up for their consideration . Believing that liberty has no solid basis to rest on , other than tbe soil ; believing that the best way to retain man free and independent , is to iarnlsh his freedom and independence with something to eat and drink ; and , finally , believing that the people are amusing themselves by settling tbe deluiU of Government , before tbey have established its firstits very foundation—principle : believing all this in our
deepest convictions , every candid man will admit that it is our duty to bring the subject before the public Having done so , and having , to the ex ' . © it of our ability and oar xn « is , urged it upon tbe publio attention , that duty will be discharged . If tt is a wise and ft good principle—if it be c&lcUted to produce prestnt good , and secure tte future welfare of tbe people , sorely it will not be rejected in this age , and in this country . We are sit ' sSvd ihtt human power cannot save the Republic without establishing this principle upon a firm andi imivablebasis . And not only are we satisfied of tLii , lu - we are also impressed with the most lively hope that the time has come—no * , even a . jwfor its fall » n t final establishment
Thi 9 is not all . Already the National Reformers are taking steps to have their principles represented in the legislative and municipal bodies . " A Working Man ' s Ticket" is being organized against the next elections . In a few dayB , " Bays the Advocate ( 14 th ult ) the Working men of this city will have completed their nominations , and will present to tbe public a Ticket for Congress , Senate , and Assembly , composed of candidates pledged to use their best exertions to secure to every landless man bis rujhl to a home on the soil . Let Working Wen , and Working Women too , think of this object , and decide -whether such a work can be commeDcod too soon . Let them rtfl-jcfe npon tbe increase of rents and the decrease of wages incidental to the present system ; aud the reverse effects that would inevitably Sow from tbe measure proposed , and tbey ¦ will not hesitate . Let your fellow workmen know , then , that there is to be a Working Man ' s Ticket .
That's the way to go to work . Hurrah ! for the New York Democracy , and success to the Working Man's Ticket !
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IRELAND . " Alas ! poor country , Almost afraid to know itself . " Never yet has any project promising justice to the working classses been prosecuted to a successful issue . Their condition being almost hopeless , their antipathies , passions , prejudices , feelings , power , and co-operation are elements easily enlisted , and always indispensable ingredients to those who know that through the door of popularity alone can they enter into that sanctuary of fame which is the mind's goal . In the purBuit of political power ,
a man ' s best , nay , only policy , is honesty ; and from the exercise of that power when acquired , we can alone judge of his sincerity . All the worst passions of the English people , were successfully roused by the high flj ing "Reformers " against those nationa absurdities which had been the growth of ages , and had , at length , required more than correction : they called for extermination . It was not for any mitigation in , but for the total destruction e / , the whole Tory policy , that Bristol blazed and Nottingham burned . No : those
were the meteor-lights , tho cheering beacons , leading straightway to the promised land . Those who raised them were above suspicion , and those who followed them were beyond conviction and deaf to remoDBtranco . An olden enemy was to be , destroyed and a perfect union of former hatred aud future anticipation was courted as the destroyer . No sacrifice was too great to be endured ; no courtship so mean as to be despised ; no means too degrading to be rejected . The nation rose—and the monster fell . But it fell dpon its own round
upon that ground from which , after a ten year ' s struggle , ii was again roused into a more active , powerful , and dangerous existenoe , by the talismanic cry of Register ! Register !! Register !!! Ia what then consisted the triumph of" Reform" ? It but served to increase the politioal power of those whom it designed to destroy , and by the worst of all national evils—the widening of social differences . Accustomed to be the slow " pack-horse" of goutined Toryism , the nation had assumed a gait to wh ich the rider ' s pace was suited . The " Reform ers" promised to remove this sluggish burden' from our back ; to let us roam free as the unbridled colt :
but instead of dislodging the old rider they have pub a nimble jockey , with tbe sharp spurs of Commeroial Extension , upon our loins behind him . They have thus imposed on as the doable infliction of the landed knout of Tory legislation and tbe social spur of Whig commerce . Hence , there has been achieved , at one and the same time , a political ascendancy , based upon the principle of centralization ; and a class ascendancy ; based upon the social degradation of those whose blood is treasure , and who know not where or to whom to complain . Thus has the Reform Bill created a double faction , each having distinct and separate interests , and both seeking popular cooperation as a means of reconciling the enfferersto their now only choioe— " a choice of evils . "
Whenever the policy of a government runs in any particular direction , antagonism will run ia the very opposite course ; and Sir Robert Peel having resolved upon centralization as his rule of policyi the movement party have adopted individualism as their tactic . Sir Robert relies upon £ 16 , 000 , 900 of bullion in his coffers ; on the confidence manifested upon ?• 'Change "; on the price of Exchequer Bills ; on his newly acquired power over all banking concerns , and his facility to extract taxesto convince the world of his power , and England ' s greatness : while the people seek to establish British grandeur at home , and respect abroad , upon a national superiority based upon individual happiness , rather than npoD ' sectional monopoly , To effec
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this great purpose , —the restoration of individual possession , individual comfort , and individual interest ' through individual power , —is now the great struggle going on in Europe ; and as its main battle is being , or has hiiherto been , fought upon the Irish stage under the banner of Repeal , we shall endeavour to show what the inevitable result of the accomplishment of any of the three measures respectively agitated would be . The "Perambulatory project" being the most innocent , requires the shortest , and shall therefore hare the first , consideration .
We have before shown , and we were the first to point out , the effect which must inevitably follow the success of such a project , or rather the amount of opposition that would be offered to it , not only by influential London tradesmen who are omnipotent in such matters , but by those who look to the seat of Parliament as of more importance than the measures of that assembly . Apart , however , fr « m these more narrow , but nevertheless very wide and extensive considerations , we are to oonsider . the subject in its general bearing ; and what then do we find ! We find that five hundred
English Protestants , and fifty-three Scotch Dissenters * together with about sixty-five rabid Irish Orange Churchmen , are to be removed from that stage which was seleoted as the most fitting theatre for discussion , because of its absence from those prejudices and party conflicts which it was deemed aeceesary to avoid . We find that the 60 S senators , of nearly one mind upon two points , —and those the two great points , — are to be placed in the very heart of those prejudices on which discussion upon both must turn : the tyranny of the landlords and the oppression of the s- . ate Church , boing the two grand points of dispute .
We may be told that tbe popular voice would haie ooosiderable effect upon legislation . But we ask , if it has so far failed in England , as to be unable to force a hearing upon its own behalf , what better chanoo can it have in Ireland 1 Hospitality is one of the great characteristics of Irishmen , whether they be Protestants or Catholics . and the duties of hospitality to the members of the 11 annual Perambwiator " , would devolve for tho most part upon the wealthy Protestants of Ireland , and by whom many now unprejudiced English Members would be inoculated with the
anti-Catholic mania . Their sports would be aristocratic ; their amusements would be aristocratic ; their pursuits would be aristooratio ; and the Irish aristocracy would be their companions in all . Having little or no landed possession ia the country , they would noh have the opportunity , even if inclined , of setting an example of industry and improvement in agricultural pursuits . What is now considered as justifiable interference , would then be looked on as class insult . Landed proprietors ^ bankers , rich merchants , bishops , parsons , physicians , judges , barristers , attorneys , —all for the most part of Protestant breed , and all with a
deeprooted hatred of popular influence , —would constitute the social eirole from which English Members would derive their information ; and with them the inoreased profits arising from the dissipations of a " perambulating court" and the sojourn of wealthy Lords and Commoners , though a great consideration 11 per se , " would have no weight in comparison with the maintenance of that superiority on which their ascendency depends . Improvemeat with them may be a good thing : but when purchased at the expence of their Church patronage—their Army pa < tronage— their Navy patronage—their Excise , Custom , Police-lav *—and all sorts of place-and-pension patronage , it fades into utter insignificance .
For these reason ; , then , and because the , Protestant Church must ever be the great national raw as long as its ascendancy is permitted , and because Dr . Maunsell has with boldness , truth , and candour advocated the " perambulating" system , as the only means of preserving Protestant asoendancy , do we repudiate this mildest , most innocent , but most foolish project . The hot fire of a London mob of London tradeemen would have a much greater influence upou ministerial action and Royal consent , than the more mixed , temperate , and moderate opposition to either of the other projeots .
We now direct attention to the Federal project . The press generally , as well as a majority of political orators , have taken the naked term , without reference to its component parts , as a theme whereon to write and talk ; and because the system works well in America , its advocates draw their conclusions and anticipations of success from its workings in that country . The Federalism of America however , furnishes no parallel . The base of tho Federal sytem of America , was union ; and the object of Federalism was to perpetuate that harmony so indispensable to the preservation of the National position the States had achieved by revolution . The States of America never could have
been in a condition to enter iuto a Federal Union , had her people not first been placed in that hazardous position which rendered union requisite for the preservation of those advantages acquired by Indedendence . On the other hand , the very strongest elements of disunion are the ingredients out of which the Anglo-Irish Union is sought to be wrought . Disunion led to the debasement of the Irish people when they had a mongrel Parliament ; disunion led to the purchaso of that Parliament by the British Minister ; disunion has led to the demand of a Ropeal of that Union which was a consequence of disunion ; and that disunion is now as fresh and lively as at any former period of Ireland ' s history .
The Catholics imagine , foolishly , that a portion of Protestant acquiescence arises out of their desire to see the measure accomplished for Ireland ' s benefit : whereas , they merely tolerate its agitation from two causes ; firstly , hatred to Sir Robert Peel , and in the hope of either frightening him out of his Anti-Church policy , or of compelling him to abandon a trust which they believe he has violated ; secondly , the hope that Protestant land would be able to perpetuate Protestant ascendancy .
If by Federalism is meant an Irish Grand Jury Parliament for the purpose of dispensing patronage on the old system of jobbing , and an amalgamation of English and Irish members for purposes of Imperial legislation , it would be but the revival of that odious . system which has been abolished by the Grand Jury Bill . That old practice was a complete Federal system ; each Grand Jury in each County constituting its Federal Parliament . Seven hundred and thirty-six gentlemen , —twenty-three in each of the thirty-two counties in Ireland , —met half-yearly for county purposes : that is , to levy
taxes , and vote them away for improvements" as they were facetiously called . By them constables were appointed from their own adherents , and the counties were saddled with the expence of mere tools : by them pablio buildings were erected , jails built , roads laid out , bridges made , dispensaries supported , and recommendations made for such alterations in the inferior law and Quarter Sessions Courts , as would advance their own interests : and such requests were always REsrECTFULtv attendep to ! This patronage was made subservient to
Parliamentary purposes ; and the adherents of the Government and the ascendant party were always the successful competitors for county jobs . It was a most prolific source of corruption at the disposal of leading politicians , who thus organized their political power . Nearly £ 2 , 000 , COO sterling annually have been extracted from the pockets of the rate-payers by this Bystem of Federalism , not one-sixth of which was ever applied to its legitimate purposes . It is well known that "lucky" men have made £ 2000 a-year by road making ; and these were for the most part parsons of the Established Church .
If Ireland had a Federal Parliament , consisting of say 3 C 0 Federalists , there can be but little if any doubt , that each of the thirty-two counties would return a majority of the old hands , whose object would be to revive the old system on more national grounds ; while , allowing for an admixture of competing " patriots , " we may fairly calculate on , a very prolific harvest of opposition , agita-
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tion , discontent ; and competition , for the loaves and fishes . Federalism would be to Ireland precisely what " Reform" has been to England , merely varying the character , but not the position , of the riders . The Irish pack-horse should carry Federalism , with its heavy load of domestic corruption , upon its withers—and Imperialism , with all its Imperial burdens , upon its loins . And when the slaves' , backs were galled , they would , as the English people did in the case of " { Reform , " begin to think that the same power that effected a Federal combination of all the elements of disunion , would have as easily ensured a total Repeal .
Federalism would not be a boon to the working people ; it would be a curse : but nevertheless , if extorted from the English minister , it would be followed by the ; equalization of taxation , to which the Imperial Parliament would readily consent as the price of domestic pelf . If Federalism | is to have a constituent body , what is to be its character 1 If of fthe same standard as the present Parliamentary Franchise , the increased inducement presented by domestic jobbing will give fresh impulse to the Register ! Register !! Register !! ! party , —{ -who would then see some proximate reward for their ! exertions .
All Protestants have not now an immediate interest in serving their Imperial party . Patronage is too lean a bone : ; but when fleshed with the oil-cake of domestic pickings , it would give a new spur to exertion , and the major portion of the land of Ireland would be carved into Federal allotments , of such a siss and magnitude as to suit a scanty Protestant voting population j the poor , bnt honest incorruptible Catholic , always sitting below the salt , and always something deficient in the amount required to constitute a voter . The elder branches of Irish families have the land . 1 They would sit in the Imperial Parliament as trustees of Government and Church patronage , and dispensers of domestic pickings among their yoiinger brethren and relatives who would constitute the Federal grand jury .
The Federal ; Parliament being intended for domestic legislation alone , as a matter of course the boroughs would lose their representative quality ; and Protestantism and the land would be the fire and the pot , and the Catholic people the "pot stick . " That would be their share : a fresh stirring up of all the profitable passions of an outraged , insulted , and disappointed people . Federalism would weaken the ranks of the Repealers , just as the English Refoim Bill weakened
the hands of Democracy ; and the same result would follow in Ireland from a similar cause—disappointment . Then when their " sopped off" were found in the opposing scale , as our sopped off have been , they would h ' nd what we have found , —that Federalism stopped at the ; placeman ' s door , and that the contented would loudly inveigh against the ever-turbulent people who wen never satisfied : and that the bitterest and most powerful opponents of Repeal would be contented Federalists .
Imperial patronage and Federal pelf would very speedily become twin brothers , and the trumpet of agitation would once more summon the poor Catholio Irish to fight , and pray , and pay , for undoing what had cost them so much blood and treasure and anxiety to accomplish . Federalism means a handing over of the country , bound neck and heels , to a Protestant faction of landed proprietors , with the fascinating hope that the infliction would be bo great , that they would increase the amount of their ransom from their
worse than Egyptian bondage . It means the creation of a domestic hostile force to Repeal , together with j the prospeot of a fruitful harvest for the ; promise of its destruction . It is like the Tithe Bill , —a " trial" that may increase raacour by its failure ; and like the Poor Law Bill * that it may be the source of further grievance . The brave Irish deserve a better fate . They have paid a heavy ransom for their deliverance from English tyranny and domestic plunder : and the promised boon is a double tyranny ! May we not then truly conclude as we commenced \ ¦
•; " Alas , poor country , Almost afraid to know iuelf . " In our next , we shall speak of Repeal as a remedy for Ireland's wrongs .
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A WELCOME TO LOUIS PHILIPPE . He who oppresses one nation alone is the declared enemy of all . " —French Declaration of the Rights of Man . I If Kings and Princes are blessings , this country appears to be in a very fair way of being surfeited with sweets of that order . Within the last two years England has been "honoured" by the visits of the King and Prince of Prussia ; the Grand Duke Michael of Russia ; the Kingsof Hanover aud S ^ xoay ; the Crown Prince of Denmark ; and last not least , the Autocrat of all the Ruffians . On the visit of the last worthy we had occaeion to comment pretty freely on the dastardly and sycophantic conduct of
the public Press , which , with a few rare exceptions , beslavered the royal man-butcher with the moat disgusting flattery . The brutal tyrant who had previously been denounced as a " monster" and a " miscreant , " was , by his very denunciators , held up as a paragon of kingly munificence and manly virtue . \ That bribery and corruption had something to do with this filthy Jim-Crowism of some of our " j best possible instructors , " we feej fully persuaded . That the wholesale murderer squandered scores of golden snuff-boxes and other trinkets , and thousands of pounds while in this country , is universally known ; and that some of these filthy bribes were appropriated to the
purchasing of the services of the soulless scribes of the Press , { cannot be matter of doubt . At any rate it Jwill take more than a "fortyparson power" of proof on the opposite side to convince us , who know something of the" press-gang , " of the error of this belief . It will be remembered that the vile press of the landlords and money-mongers prophecied that the Russian tyrant would doubtless , on his return to his own country , so regulate his government , and his own conduct towards his millions of miserable slaves , as would show that he had not visited this / r « e country" ( Heaven save the mark !) in vain . But what are the facts 1 Why , that since his return to the icebound seat of his hideous
despotism , he has carried into effect that wholesale persecution of tbe Russian Jewa , which , previous to his visit to ; thi 3 country , had been only threatened . The reception he met with here from our " higher orders" has doubtless impressed him with the notion that however infamous his acts , he is secure from odium in this country . The NationaU a French paper , thus announces the tyrant Nicholas ' s present doings : — The Autocrat has decreed the transportation in a body of 150 . 0 * 0 Jews . He has conceived this planhe has announced it—he has willed it—and his sentence of death must be executed . Neither supplication ner tbe interest of his subjects will be able to suspend this merciless command . Tbe will of one man disposes of the lives and fortunes of 150 , 000 of his fellow-creatures .
Their only fault is , that seme of them are addicted to smuggling , and ! the fault of a few ia to be visited on thousands oi their fellow-citizens . At the moment we are writing these lines the sentence is being executed , the spoliation and ruin of those unfortunate men are consummated . : Tom with violence from their firesides ; obliged to sell their properties at considerably less than their value , they are compelled to seek an existence in the silent deserts of the interior of Russia , where tbey will dispute the posseBBion of those immense wastes with the birds iand beasts of prey , which are their sole population . There they will find their tomb t and in presence of this calamity tbe author of such atrocity relies upon tbe silence of all Europe ! Bat , in default of any other chastisement , public opinion , at least , throughout every enlightened nation , will expose him to the reprobation of every friend of humanity .
The National appeals to publio opinion against the atrocious acts of this flint j-hearted miscreant : but what chance has public opinion to be properly enlightened on this subject , or being enlightened to be faithfully expressed , when the great - mass of journalists prostitute their powers to deceive the public mind , and prevent the publication of the views of the enlightened position of the people !
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Witness tho ease of the great meeting holden in London , to protest against the reception of this sama Nicholas : every one of the daily journals , Tory aud liberal , burked the proceedings thereof . We repeat it for the hundredth time , that the base , prostituted Press is the greatest drag on the wheels of civilization—the most obstructive impeder of the march of liberty . This week another " Royal pest" has landed on our shores . Louisi Phili ? pb , the " Citizen King of the French , " arrived at Portsmouth en Tuesday last , and was received , as usual , by the acclamations of the Court-sycophants and supporters of the
existing system—their numbers of course augmented by the usual equad of senseless sight-seekers , who no matter whether the publio exhibition is that of a king or a kangaroo , will always be found gadding ia pursuit of their favourite pastime . Louis Philippe will have no lack of the acclamations of such parties , just as his royal corn-rogue the Russian Autocrat had the ( bought ) applause of the London police aud the aristocratic blacklegs and blackguards at Ascot race-course . We do not propose this week to notice the doings of the " King of the Barricades' * since his arrival in this country . Our work for the present is to show our readers what are his claims on them for approbation and applause .
Even before the arrival of the "illustrious visitor , the base Press had already began to out-Herod Herod , by their fulsome adulation of the man whom , some of them at least , the Sun for instance , had previously and repeatedly pictured as an artful , unscrupulous tyrant , and betrayer of the p rinciples which seated him on the throne of France . The Times gives a lengthy biography of the "Royal visitor , " with an accompanying article in which the writer bespeaks the '" loud applause" of the English people for this " triumphant king "—" successful , in his long struggle over the dangers of anarchy and
rebellion . The Chronicle has a long article " wishing for the King of the French a most hospitable and courteous reception . " But tbe Standard throws all its rivals into the shade , and " goes the entire animal" with a vengeance . The pious Editor of this rabid organ of the Peel Government sets out by declaring the visit of Louis Philippe an event worthy an expression of " sincere gratitude to Divine Providence" ! " Millions , " says this sapient Editor , " will regret that we can give to the King of the French only the silent and sincere welcome of our hearts" ! What the devil would he give him ! Would he give him the land and all that in it dwells ! Again , he says " If the merits of
this truly great man are not appreciated by all , it is because some are incapable of appreciating true greatness . The fate of nations can be moved only by one of two powers—overwhelming military force , the effects of which are rarely of long duration , or consummate wisdom , of which simplicity and truth are ev « r inseparable companions . To consummate wisdom , however , Louis Philippe owes ail his suo ' cess . Had he in his long life been detected in one unworthy manteuvre , he would not now be King of France . " And then the crawling sycophant goes on to compare the French King with our Alfred (!) quotes a fulsome eulogium on one o ! our Henbts , by that
" Greatest , wisest , meanest of mankind , ' * Bacow , aa being " strictly applicable to LOUIS Philippe ! and winds up by declaring that " France has reason to be proud of ber King—the King that has for the first time exhibited what France can really be , a nation of freemen ( J ) obedient to the laws , &c . " Remember reader , that all this disgusting flattery ( and much more ) is poured out in
" One weak , washy , everlasting flood , " before Louis Philippe has even set foot on these shores . From it therefore may be formed a pretty correct idea of the abominable trash and wholesale mendacity which will fill the columns of our diurnal " instructors" for the next week or two . We offer no comment this week on the above precious specimens of Standard lying and Standard impudence . We cannot afford room . Having fairly stated what , in the estimation of the corrupt Press , are the claims of Louis Philippsoii this country ' s hospitality and homage , we now proceed to tell a few truths which these hireling reptiles have omitted : truths which will at once decide the merit of Louis Philippe ' s claims .
We are not about to write the biography of the " Citizen-King . " With the
" Moving accidents by flood and field " which he has encountered during a protracted and eventful life we have now nothing te do . We admit unequivocally , that he has exhibited talents and courage in adversity which few of royal birth and breed have exhibited in similar circumstances And in prosperity , seated on the throne of France we admit that he has exhibited an amount of political sagacity unequalled by his predecessors . But there our praise must end . We admit him to
be an industrious , clever , sagacious man : but the same may be said of the worst and most infamous of the human race : Fouche , Tallykand , and Jonathan Wild for instance . Our present task is to enquire what has been the conduct and course pursued by Louis Philippe , in relation to those great principles which , enunciated in France in the revolution of ' 89 , have been the guide of the patriotic , and the hope of the oppressed , in all nations for the last fifty years .
Louis Philippe , it is weU known , was the ssn of the notorious Duke of Orleans , or Citizjn Egalite . In 1780 he was introduced by his father into the Jacobin Club , being then seventeen years of age . That he fully imbibed the doctrines of the Revolution cannot be denied ; for when , in 1751 , he appeared in the uniform of the National Guard to have his name entered upon the register , perceiving that all his titles had been written , he erased them with his own hand , and wrote after his name' Citixen of Paris '" As Colonel of a regiment of Dragoons , he joined the army at Yendome ; and when the decree for the . suppression of all emblems of
nobility was received there , he declared to his reffment , that " he was too much the friend of equality not to have received it with transport" ! But , pet * haps it will be said that such adhesion to tho principles of tha Revolution was but thejmere impulse of hot-blooded youth : and his friends may plead for him , as Southex pleaded for himself , that he should be no more ashamed of having been a democrat than of having been young ; and that in riper years it was his duty to adopt such principles as his reflection , and not his impulses , approved of . Suppose we admit this sophistical argument , it is no way applicable to Louis Philippe as we shall directly show .
The Revolution of 1830 found Louis Philips living in retirement . Suspected and untrusted by ^ elder and reigning branch of the Bourbons , ifl had for some years ceased ostensibly to take P *" in politics . He had , however , closely watched & 8 political game then playing ; and the " Three Dajs found him not at all unprepared to reap his share of profit from the change . On the 3 lst of J ^'
1830 , he accompanied the Deputies from the Provisional Government from his chateau at NeiaUy « to Paris , dressed en bourgeois , with a tricolour cockade ! The Chamber of Deputies , headed by tb » old dotard and very questonable " liberal , " Lafatette , soon after proceeded to the Palace Royal * and made a tender of the crown to him , which he ac cepted , taking the title of " Citizen King of the French , " and pledging himself to " surround Jus
throne with Republican institutions . Louis Philippe was then close on 57 vears ° age : an age at which we presume he had pretty well mastered all " boyish impulses . " Yet at tn » age , he proclaimed anew his adhesion to the principle of " equality" by dressing ( n bourgem mounting the tricolor , and vowing fealty to ' Republican institutions . " It is not necessary » " » we should minutely trace hia career from I 8 W ¦ JP to tbe present time . The whole world is witn £ to his apostacy from , and treachery to , the pn ; ciples he profegBed at the former period .
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The Northern Star. Saturday, October 12, 1044.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , OCTOBER 12 , 1044 .
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TBE NORTHERN STAR . October 12 , 1844 . i - . __ . _ __^^_ . . . __ ¦ . „ __ _* . — - * - ¦ — — - ~~ - — — " — — — -- i ir ¦ - ¦ i— ¦ . ~ ^__ . .
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 12, 1844, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1284/page/4/
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