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* 5anfcru)!t0, ike. j
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agricultural Column.
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MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THE INFLUENCE OF DEMOCRACY . j . Ttn papers on the political , economical , and moral aspects ol the age , ma J probably neitierte imacceptable ? o the readers of the Star , nor xminstructiTe in themselves ¦ jj eT Tsi 2 a * least possess ihe xitriitj of the mile-stonejj , Oir Jktw nrach of tie journey towards genmae popular jjjjjjtnnons lias t > een accomplished—our present Trhere alx > Bt , ana fiistence from the goaL Besides ? the advantage of casting an occasional glance CTer the whole £ eld of action , —an advantage similar to -aai - ^ assessed ~ b j the General , -who is constantly receiving
jjjteffieenc * from all parts of thet&ttlB-fiela ^ and is therefore ¦ jetrer aKe to draw eorrectinferenees as to probable results , ^ jan the private or subaltern fixed in one position , and jrith ihe whole attention concentrated on one spot , —it is y ^ ziS . j interesting to -watch the different phases of the pKm laxiniiid , at different periods . If the inference can lie fairly drawn , that every one of these phases has bt-en v ? a progresave , ratijer than a retrogressive character , ^ the wave of the advancing , not the ebbing tide , —it will irn ^ iart fresh courage and hopefulness to those who are —^ or'irTT ? for man ' s anandparion .
Thai = x ! c-i >»*« i > et = D iie character of the ~ P&sl appears so as ineoatestible . If we compare the popular mind of lie present day . trith that oi Twenty or thirty years ago , £ ht .- \ present scarcely any points of resemblance . Perj ^^ T > , e institutions bj Trhich ihe lathers of the present reneration were oppressed are not ytt materially altered in essence or in operation ; bat their supporters use difffreni argument ? , act more deferentially towards public orcaion , and . in appearance si least , pay homage t >> thai soverdsntj vi the people which is the essential principle of democrarr . This outward reoijroMon is a very fair trelude to the universal embodiment of that principle in ^ rtual institutions .
The rampant Toryism of former days has utterly passed sway . It is dead and buried—we hope and btJirve without jtjj chance of a resurrection . It" a few solitary specimens ta ihis almost eninct species jet . chosi-like . " r ^ virfi the rale < rBra $ * Se = s oi * thenioon , " tK *» t- are as T > -n = rr >>> gt ^^ Tf ^^^ and pc . » -erlt » s as ghosts , and can only frighten women and eb 2 dr = n . "YorxG Essusb" laughs in its lusty sn-rnsrth t : he shadow . Perhaps , before the race is completely ex--jsnnshed , it would be wJl to catch and preserve a = r * cimen or two in the British Museum .
TSTiere are now to b& found open and avow « l defenders cf die doctrines of this once powerful partv , based , as all ji 5 doctrines were , « pon the assumpt ion that "" the many verr made for the far / " The " * divine right" of eoverning wrong , inherent in the aristocracy ; the prohibition of ihourht or education among ihe masses : and the easv offisnd avowal of ths- opinion ihat their c" -iny and duty ¦ wire Eke that of the coach-horse , —to work hard , eai well , and be comfortably stabled , —now , never outrage the pub's- far or brave the liehi of dnv _
Thanks to the innvpid Reformers , whose long and per-Severing labours , whose heroic endurance of oUoqnj . per-SKTinQiL JEaprisCTTnent . and even death , ultimattlv overcame t > iU foe to hrunan liberty and happiness I To them yrz owe tha : political education of the people , which , besmn > r Csrrwright , continnrd by Cobbert and Hunt , and carried on by O' Connor , has made its resuscitation an impossibilitr . Even we—Toitsg Exglxxd—can recull the time when for a ¦ wotTus :: Tnan to liave Ttresnmed to a . adrL > s a public Eac-eting , would have been deemed thr r-lim-iT of audacity . i-xzEaciiTii for him was the irlh-ity « .. f being tnJiaitted iv a—end at all , and listen to inn ivisdom of maJillinu ^ cTHr-r ? or tie more dcJs-cisMt- ^ . ruirrrT * - 'i" an — ' } 2 * . » ru * onib * ^ ZZcZsbiT ~ or '' nolAe lord . " TVr Im . e : > Jr = rvJ all tiaJ . Tie 5 t « eal aisociatious . and frequent public m « -tir . ss of the w ^ . rkim : rlas . ~ t- > . har- In-ea to 'h-zn N--m ;^ j " -- .-in ~ -:-, i 2-. vy-.-i tb-T " havrl •• sr ^ e . Jt-. ri . r utt-i ^ : u-rt ...: h .-tlu . ajl-Tiii ^ -.-J ' ' ¦ ¦ } t ii-. irp »> .-i ^ ... n is II-. ~ . < -r ^ i -cu 2 c . l ' i--z \ i -:. < rw . "• - <¦ - tlir _ ' L 2 .. V carritn } to r : uir n .. rk >! i > -ts anj their ? . -arnt-le £ rss-i--= mi-is a : ^ S tmiB-rt f .. r <; ioa --i--i lu :- " : referaon . Tl ' vu ; - ! :: ha < Ti > -rit-d mii > ai-jon—an-i ; u-tj--u . :-: ' . - <> f c W :. 2 ziji'i sjy . riiz . l ^ .-ri-. tivn . Th- rr = ul-. is . ii : Ci- ^ ni ^ zz —^ r . n ; n ^ rr -o-. rds , ihecLdin of the nh- > 3-. Trr- 'ple - ¦ - > arttra i £ = raseivfcs—is no-. v . in . ot- > ha : > r -r zntiheT . the pviiticj creed . .. fthe a ? -. Are wr asljed for pr . > . if « uf ihi > -rateuient ? "W .- r « -r . U '— ti : r iE-m ... nil > : e vr . _ . rds on th- monumtail of Wren in Si . Paul ' s—"' Loai around ; " Jn ererj < lirecrion the p >> - ras-cy of pnblic opinion is rec « rnL * -d ¦ Every jarrv in T <> 5 ti £ S—evtry sect in rtlisioi , pa-s ? heaia ^ a .: it ? Jirine .
Ltriaxn Tnf . Tusacr ^ rers aad mt : rcbaxit = tram - " enejjded sarkets" for their coannoiSties : -chat coarse do thev take jj obtain their object * - They appeal to the public . AH tre machinery of agitation is organised and set in motion . Tons of tracts ; tens of thousands of newspapers , arc distributed , idrocstiag , explaining , and enforcing the risht , dnty , and benefit of ttndin ? more- eali&j , flacnsl and "broaddoth 10 other lands , and ivc « -ivin ? fr . > m them eom or other equivalents in rertrrn : active , unscrupulous , gab-tongned lecturers traverse the length and breadth oi
the land , everywhere proclaiminp . illustrating , and argrang the same doctrine : what is rtri < but a -sirtual acinowledgment of the sovereign rirht of the people to deterzezee on 22 snch Tr . ^ Tters 1—sa sjjpesl S ^> m the sectional £ na parazan sribunal of St . Stephen ' s to the Xatios I—and laferentially an indication that ere long , that assembly will ttase to be an instrument for registerins the edicts of Go-Terninen : or the aristocracy , and become a true reflex of lbs public mind—an efficient agent for carrying out its bdissts .
if , however ^ the fact fhr . t popular inflneness are xaore tperative among the middle and mercantile classes than the aristocratic , be thought to weaken Thj > illustration , 3 fct us take another . The Middle Class League puts the = pper classes in "bodily fear' for the preservation of their pnvileres , and the- laws by which they are secured . ^ hzt measures < 20 they adopt ? Alas : the high preroga - tive days oi aristocratic ascendancy have gone , never to return I The strong hand of authority is palsied ; gagging
—uiS are o bsolete ; prisons are odious and more dangerous to-the prosecutor than the captive . How then is the torrent of middle- ^ s Free Tradism to be stemmed ? " 5 Thy , by a 2 *> appeal to the people , and making them the arbiter Cf the dispute . Hence the proudest , the wealthiest , the most powerful aristocracy the world ever saw , forms " Protection Societies ; " " speaks with bated breath , and whispering humbleness : ' prints tracts ana newspai »? rs * zai send * forth in lectnrer- ' also , to explain its case , and r atr eat a farourable verdict from the people .
It would be easy to multiply examples of the crowins asidaiready j . redominant influence of this new element : turweshal ! conteni ourselves with one more . Sir Robert Peel ' s GuT ^ rmnent is eminentiy the servant of thi- itopular wm . If tiie astute and cautious Premier has any filed J-naciple of ai-ti-n wbatever , it is that of watching the —crtuanon ^ and the growth of opinion -on national que » - tjt .--is ; and wliea he thinks it sufficiently matured and szrong on any poiat , tv obey its biddimr . inojusistency ins been cJjaT ^ ed again st him ; Ji is Tit ^ ojnFisiencv in iMs 3-= specT -wiit-L has cansed it . This mad ; him proj > j > e and carry CathoSr Emancijsiti- ¦; : , after haTin ^ : opposed it . This produced hisTmodiEed appiicanon of the principle t
jsect o : his present l = ase of oSre . Tlii = be avow ? is to "be the rule- oi m = conduct in furor-.-. — I will uiilv defend s . lav ? or an institution t . ; .-day , ~ says the llirfit Hon . 3 art-n-1 , *• b ecause it appears to ine the best we < -an have Vj-dzy ; to-morrow the circumstances may alter , and then , f course . I will rhy-i— - - ^ ith them . " The immesse prcgrrss towards perfect political freefiom is , iwirfTer , not aioac to be traced in the dirccripn iow iadieated . It j « not enough tu know that popular opinion has become the arbiter by -nhich aD questions are to be decided . TPe must also ascertain to what
degree it is comj * tent so to decide . Perhaps the wdstenc * of the power to do so is a proof of the pre-eiistence of its itness . Be ! liis as it mar , there can be no doubt but that hi gher and more comprehensive views of the rights End duties of citizenship than were formerly entertained . ^* aT = been sown broad cast , and taken deep root . Axioms d politics , which were at no distant date branded with ffllamy and popular disapprohation , or prosecuted bv the State lawyers as seditious , are now the tmiversallv
recosr-Szed c . i-mnK-ii-places of our political text-books . With the desire io attain power , there has grown up an equally strong desirr to learn hotr to exercise that power rightly . 35 , as yet , the paneiry of means for jrraiirrrng this desire , Causes the edncative process to be somewhat behind the arnia ] inSnence gained , Uiere is the consolation of "knowing xhat it exists . According to the old adage , *• where there is a will there is a Tvay . " Growing power "will multiply educational facilities .
A lorcihleilloscralicm of the progress -which all political Jiartlfcs Lave made in the acqoisirion of sound political i ^ wledge , may be found in the altered , and , in our opinion , improved positions now taken up by each of t-em- Toryism—rigid , jmbending , exclusive Toryismaas ' aS - We have seen , lapsed into accommodating ; rielding Conservatism . "VThiggery , another of the illustrious £ e-^ nct , has given place to its more -vigorous and youthful * n «* ssor , tie League ; or , perhaps better , will have for
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its future leaders snch men as Lord -Howick , and ,-as a consequence , eschew the selfishness and cold-blooded cruelty engendered by iLalthusian philosophy . Even Chartism has gone beyond its original demands . It asks , no less resolutely *>*»» " before , for admission within the pale of the Constitution for the masses ; "bat it has added to this , the study of other elements of national happiness , and , with proper guidance and a due amount of perseTerance , it will succeed in gaining votes , and a " stake in the ^ hedge ' at the same time . The Small Farm system may be made the most powerfiil lever for throwing down all that impedes the path of substantial political reform , ever put into the hands of an oppressed and suffering people .
To those who ask what good comes out of popular agitations , we commend the perusal of these cursory rem arks . They will find them a rfjUr to the sneers and the obloquy which are so liberally bestowed on all movements while they are in advance of popular feeling . They also supply to all engaged in forwarding the public welfare that encouragement , which is so often needed in their arduous task . Past success guarantees future triumphs . Upon the now generally recognised sovereignty of the people—that foundation-stone of Democracy do we rest our anticipations of happier days for coming generations That principle constitutes a basis broad enough for any superstructure that may hereafter be raised upon it . Its admission is an essential preliminarj to the tasli of reconstruction : and that is the Trork which now falls to the lot of YotrxG EsciAim
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Chemistry asi > Yegetabije Phtsiolobt . —No . 1 . — FaHTNaceocs Seeds . —1 From the Western A . jricul tnritU ) —Every seed is composed of two part * , the skin or outer covering and the kerne ]; nith the former -we haTe comparatively little to do , it is the structure of the latter that has the ehief claims on our attention . This consists of the embryo , or germ of the " future plant , the seed , leaves ( cotyledons ) , and nutrient matter for the embryo ( albumen , ) either existing as a separate body , or contained in the cotyledons . This albumen is either of an oily , farinaceous , or horny consistency , is always wholesome , and "it is it Tfhieh renders ninny seeds , such as corn , ic ., so valuable as human food . When a plant can be pro pnrated bv buds , as in the case of the potato , we find
around the bud a similar stock of nutrient matter deposited , to serve for the nourishment of tbe growing bud , as the albumen does for that of the germ or embryo . -At the present we shall confine our remarks to seeds , hayins farinaceous albumen , such as the different varieties of corn . If we take a portion of this albumen , as wheat flour , and -wash it on a piece of cloth with water , it is sepiirattHl into two parts—a white powder removed by the water , known as starch , And viscid matter left on the cloth , to which the name of gluten has been applied . These tvro bodies differ from one another in composition , as much as they do in appearance ; the one ( starch ) is composed of carbon , oxygen , and hydrogen , while the oth ^ r { sluten ) contains in addition nitrogen . Before these substances can nourish the young plant , they undergo changes in . composition , whieh mav be best studied , it * we
examine them as they occur during the germination of the seed . TThen we commit a seed to the srvound undef favourable circumstances , the root and future stem begin to be developed . At this period a small portion of a substance called diastase is produced in the seed , which , by its action on the starch , converts it into sugar , rendering it thus soluble , in water , and fitted for ahsorpt ion bv the vessels of the young plaiat . It is in taking advantage of thi > cham ; e in the composition of the seed , that the art of a maltsttr consists . Sugar is found in ihe unripeiu-d grain , and were we able tu ; -rvserve it in thb state , it would furnish a ready supi ' ly to the plant ; and hence , we nnil that > eeili : «> t aili-Wfd to tai'osue d < 'ad ripe . ! , < 'n ) uii : iU- > in <> iv rapidly than wLen ilie ripi-HHic }< n > tvs > i > ;; ll < r . vt .- < i to c- > i > h » ' iar a > to cunvcii ihc . vhuii ' uf iliesuirnr iuUi -larch . V \ hen the extremity of die } oui » u piuut i n-mucs 'niued v . It ]) rriv ^ -n . it --.. m-Ti > tiiisMi-sir Ii't . i » if . J *
: il > iv , < il w ' nivls thi- > U-in <> nli > - jn-rUTt puna dudlv n > n-> : >!> ; * . ndllii > rju 1 ii : e from ¦» u ^; j iu > iibre i > cfiivird by the pliiiit adding t ;» i 3 je > r . ^ ar a quantity » f carlMni , wiiich it derive * truni the air ; the i liifvreuit' «> 1 i-nini > wsiii (» n between su-jar and riinv bi-ms o'J 1 b . carbon , with ~ 2 Ik water , form -sugar . Po- "> U . . iiijre . It is important to remark lu-rv , th : u ntli < -rsul >< taint ^ !> e ^ Iiies diastase hnvf the jnnvcr oi " rtmicriiis : . •¦ t . ' . rdi liquid , and jiroduciiic the ehani : i-s wiiivli it vrfr- < -ts- — alkalifs , fur instance , have iLi * pywt-r , and by adding them , or substauecs containing nitrogen , to our veA-d betls , we may be able tn assist-the efforts of naiun * , and perhaps obtain a lt .- ? : v- •» -Vccv froui the se » -d . Sut-h addiiions in ihe form of solutions for stt ^ 'i >
ingseed * , nave long been used by gardeners , especially for very old seeds , to assist their germinating power . And lime applied to seeds containing much starch , has been decidedly beneficial ; for even in some eases when the seed has been fusty , and produced , without any application , unhealthy , plants , the addition of lime has caused a healthy braird . Practical men , too , liave ¦ observed that by steeping their seed corn in urine , solutions of salt , " &c , and sprinkling quick lime on them , when wet , smut , rust , &c , have " been prevented ; and also that when potato sets have been dusted with lime or powdered gypsum , better crops have resulted . But lately more astonishing results are stated to have been produced by steeps , and it has been asserted that if proper substances be employed , the use of other
manures is completely superseded ; and we have been t ol d that doctored seeds will produce as abundant crops on our sandy shores , as in the richest ground . At the meeting of the Highland Societv at Irandee , in IMS , a gentleman exhibited several luxuriant specimens of wheat , oats , Ac , grown in a soil not manured for at least eleven years , which luxuriance appeared to him to be owing to the action of the steeps . The salts employed were , nitrate of soda , sulphate , nitTate and muriate of ammonia , ie . These experiments he repeated with perfect success , finding that not only was the growth more luxuriant , but that the steeped seeds tillered into 9 , 10 , or 11 stems , while the unprepared ones produced only . 2 , 3 , or 4 . Experiments have -been made in the London Horticultural Societv ' s
Gardens on grains and leguminous seeds , steeped in solutions of nitrate of soda , muriate of lime , sulphate of magnesia , muriate of ammonia , phosphate of ammonia , « tc , and the result is reported that on wheat , barley , rye , and oats , little effect has been produced , but if anything , it appears to be rather injurious , especially onthe -wheat , and in the case of peas and beans , those steeped in water alone were decidedly the best . The restdts of experiments on these steeps by farmers in ibis neighbourhood , with scarcely any exception , are in direct accordance with the above . This appears to settle this question . But if we do not place so much reliance on the steeps as the inventor does , perhaps under some circumstances they may be beneficial , and even with these results before us , the snbieet is worthy further investigation . ? vot confining the experiments to the action of solutions , hut extending them to Victor ' s plan of mixing the seed with stimulating manures in the solid state , and causing them bv means
of clay to adhere to each individual seed . Though in this way we could not expect to supply the seed with sufficient materials for perfecting the plant , yet in the one case it is an t-c-ononiical mode of applying manure . as it brinss it in immediate contact with the roots : for in ail other modes , even when the manure is drilled in . much i . » removed from the crop it is intended immediately to feed : and , in the other case , if the saline materials of the . voil l > e small in quantity , or if the sah > contained in tb > - seeds be essential to its growth . The addition may be beneficial ; for tiioush the s * -e » 3 in- able only to absorb a little , sxill that may add one half more to what it already contain * : and as we' know that tbp . saline matter in the same kind of seed varies in quantity , its al * wnee may )> e t ) ie cause of feeble cerniiuation , and the addition of the required salt * , atfurded by steeps , may increase the vigour of ihe t-rop . 1 have here alluded To three ways in which seed manuring mav be beneficial .
1 st . By adding su !)> tanecs to assist in the liquelaction of the starch , either directly , or by assist in :: in the prod uction of diastase . ¦ 2 d- By bringing the manure in direct contract with the roots , and thus economising the amount required 3 d . By adding to the quantity or making up the deficiency of the saline matters in the seed and soils . I would therefore recommend such experiments to be repeated , carefully examining the quantity of inorganic matter in the seed and soils , and ol ) serving whether , when undressed , the germinating power appears to the dependent at all on the proportion of tbis matter . It is needless to add , that the composition and proportions of the s-u *? p or manure mu * t be known and stated , and that all experiments or secret preparations of quack fertilizers are of no avail , and not worth the trouble of recording . G . Atkjn , M . D ., Agricultural Chemi * i .
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THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM P 111 P . The first experimental trial of the engine of the steam-ship Great Britain took place on Wednesday last , in Cumberland Basra . The screw made thirtysix revolutions , at about half speed . The trial was perfectlv sarL = fact « rr . The Great Britain will leave the basin on the 11 th inst . She will remain in King-road for a short time , whence she will make a few experimental trips ; after which she will proceed to the Thames . A correspondent of the Moil gives the following description oi this vessel : —So many and contradictory ha-ve been the accounts of this steam-ship , that I determined to see and to form an opinion upon her m vself , before the final trial of this experiment , which , if successful , will commence a new era in naval architecture .
Built entirely of iron , the contours presented to the eve are of the most exquisite grace— ne and beautifully rounded in her lines , -with a gentle sheer , she sits upon the "water like a racing gig , her immense length looking still greater from the absence of paddle-boxes , or anything to break the beautiful
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curves of her sides . She is the first vessel I have seen built entirely of iron , the plates forming her sides being rounded in over her timber heads ( for want of a better name I must call them so ) without bulwarks , hammock netting , or any defence but an iron railing . Nor has she the regiment of masts which the engravings represent her with—one large and heavily sparred foremast , and the low wide funnel , alone Dreaking the sheer of her vast flush deck . There is , -when seen in "dock , a trifling drawback to her general appearance , in one large Hawse-hole
directly amidships , breaking the line of her stern , and giving her , in some degree , the look of a man whose nose has been in the wars : I proceeded on deck . It is unfortunate that no guide is appointed to show the wonders of the enginerooms , for it was dreary to toil through the wilderness of polished iron , in one respect like the land of proniise , for it literally was nowing with oil , with no kind soul to afford information : and if my description should be imperfect , or the dimensions incorrect , the first arises from want of comprehension , and the latter from the vague information I was at the time able to procure .
Directly across ( athwart the sailors call it ) the midship of the vessel , and occupying the greater part of that section , is a large wheel , eighteen feet six inches in diameter , and supported by a strong framing , and this is put in motion by a crank axis , passing fore and aft , and driven at each end by a pair of cylinders , making four in all . These are disposed in the form of the letter A , making their stroke obliquely inwards , and by a parallel motion communicating directly with the cranks . The air pumps are placed between the legs of the A , and it will be seen that a most compact form of engine is thus obtained .
In the bottom of the hold , directly under the large wheel , is the main shaft , 130 feet in length and sixteen inches in diameter . This passes fore and aft , and out through a stuffing-box , in the run of the vessel , the end working in a bearing in the stern-post . Upon the shaft , directly under the large wheel , is a drum , six feet in diameter , and round this and the driving-wheel pass three endless chains , formed like the fusee chain of a watch , which are received into grooves corresponding with their links , both upon the wheel and the drum , and thus communicate the power , the propeller-shaft malting about three revolutions for each stroke of the engines . Outside the vessel , and about level with the load water line , but at present a foot or so out of the water , appears the propeller , formed with four vanes , like the sails of a windmill , but broader in proportion , and onlv six fi'ei in diameter .
Never , m appearance at least , was a machine so inadequate to jts end as this ; but unquestionably in planning this , in regulating its velocity by the power applied , and the resistance to be overcome , the same science has been called into action that first suggested the vast vessel , and boldly casting aside all existing prejudices , devised new types for its mighty machinery . Li this slight and hasty sketch I have not attempted anv account of her cabin accommodation , or the mere upholstery work of a passenger ship . In the fij-st place , all this is still incomplete , and when finished may appear more convenient than it at present does ; nor din it possess , to me at least , anv interest in comparison with the machinery of this bold and vast experiment to which I venture to wish all the SUCCCS . wiiich its daring so well merit * .
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MASCHV . STr . E- —PUMJC MlETlSO OP C . UlPENTEItS a- vd Joiyers . —A Public Meeting of the above body was held in the Carpenters' Hall , on the evening of Thursday , Dec-. 5 , for the purpose of laying before the Kuly the position of the strike . Mr . Levens w ; w unanimously called to the chair , who called upon Mr . Scot ! to read the accounts for the week , which were vi-i-y favourable . Mr . Whit taker moved , "That auditor- 1 « - app «« ntcij by this meetini : to audit the a < v ««' . mr * and report to the . next L encra ! nioetiiitr . " Mr . l ' . lu ' -k * r » ooi ; dt-d the resol'itinn , which was agreed to linaiiiiiKiu-ily . Tin- threi . fuljuwijii ; . 'entleineu were thev , \ -Wi < M : —Mi ^ r « . Williams , tlleiicvoss , and TmiiiT . yir . lU .-ii-: ! nflv < . ' th < - iiiilnvvinsr r > - * a
" That ! t '» lho I'Vininii iii ' tll ' w nu'Ctin ^ . that , in order !¦¦ j'ji > n ! i > l' - tli' - union of tin- lhuhiini : Trades , it !> i' \ i . e 4 iej ; t to lmvi- \\ , t full management ofthepment strike into tin- lia' . iU ofthe Trades' I > eleu' ; ites . '' Mr . Mamlail se' -oml' -d the ni ' i'tiou . Mr . IMiL'tas ^ moved an amendment t <> ihc resolution . After a lengthy di-MMi—\( n \ ?!• . < - <> r i- _ ' ' mal motion was i-airied l > y : » lan : e majority . Mr . Whittaker . in a powerful speech , move . ! the following resolution : — "That we , the Carpenters and Joiners of Manchester and Salfon ' ., in u'cnerul meet ins assembled , consider that tlu-correspondence between Messrs . Pauling and Co ., to the Carpenters ami Joiners , throiiirh Messrs . Kelly , Gilmore . and Co .. has not had the due consideration
ofthe different bodies ofthe Building Trades . We therefore respectfully request the delegates of the respective branches , to immediately call special meetings for the purpose of laying the correspondence before them for their consideration ; and that , after such meetings , a public nieetin" be called of all the branches of the Building Trades for their final decision . " The resolution was seconded by Mr . John Cannal . Mr . Hitcliinson moved , and Mr . lielhouse seconded , an amendment : — " That there-be no public meeting , but that each branch decide in their own special meetings , and send the same by their representatives to tiie Central Committee . " After a protracted discussion the original resolution , with a slight addition , was carried by a large majority , and
the meeting broke up . DrMFBTEs . —The Wakes Movement goes on briskly among the Dumfries Trades . In fact , it is the only one that ruffles a moral sea as stagnant as that which enthralled Coleridge's Ancient Mariner . A short time ago , the Operative Boot and Shoemakers' Committee closed the shopof aperson named John Shaw , who was at that time paying his men at a much lower rate than the other masters in town . After a brief struggle , Shaw succumbed to the moral influence brought to bear upon him , and signed an agreement , binding himself to take back his workmen on the same terms as the other masters . In a week or two , notwithstanding , he declined employing the men , who , by their spirited conduct , had wrung the concession from
him , and , as we understood , refused to fulfil the other part of his agreement . The shop was , therefore , again "" blocked . " The Committee put a spirited notice and address into the hands of the printer , find the workmen in Shaw ' s employment made arrangements for seeking work in the neighbouring towns until this second dispute should be settled . AH this was , however , before the bills had been issued , or the men left their native town , happily superseded by the middle-man again giving in . As might be expected , mo happy a termination to their fiiNt struggle has greatly emlxMcned the gallant Cordwainers in their efforts to procure for the members of the gentle craft exercising their vocation in Dumfries " a fair day ' s wasre fora fair dav ' s work . "
CnzLSEA . — DnsroMBE Testimonial . — A public meetin g was held on Monday evening , Dec . 9 th , at the Cheshire Cheese Inn , Hrosvenor-row , which was attended by a most crowded and respectable audience . Mr . Bush-by was unanimously called to the chair . Mr . Clark moved the first resolution" That this meeting award their grateful thanks to Thomas Slingsby Dnncombe , Esq ., M . I * ., for his valuable services in Parliament , more especially liis strenuous and successful resistance to the infamous Masters and Servants Bill , and also his exposure of the infamous and atrocious Post-office spv system . " Mr . T . M . Wheeler seconded the resolution , which was unanbnouslv adopted . Mr . John Dowling , in a
neat and appropriate speech , proposed the second resolution— "That this meeting do most cordially agree with the sentiments contained in the address of the Metropolitan Ihincbnibe Testimonial Committee , and pledge itself to every exertion in furtherance of the grand object therein recommended , viz ., an im - perishable testimonial to the working-man's champion and true friend , Thomas Slingsby Duneombo . " Air . O'Connor , who was received with the most enthusiastic applause , seconded the resolution , and spoke at snvat length in support thereof . The resolution was carried unanimously . Mr . Lee moved , and Mr . Tubls seconded . " That the following persons be a
committee to receive subscriptions and carry out the objects of the meeting : —Messrs . Bushby , J . Dowling , Pann , Ttihbs , T . Dann . Dixon , Lee , " Dines , Clark , Soper , Maines , and Corbet . " Carried unanimously . Mr . Darlibar moved , and Mr . Dowling seconded , the following resolution , which was earned unanimously : — " That the thanks of this meeting are justly due , and are hereby given to the Northern Star , and the rest ofthe public press , which aided the throwing out of the iniquitous and tyrannical Masters and Servants Bill . " Mr . O'Connor moved a vote of thanks to the chairman , which was followed by three cheers for Duncombe and the Charter , and three for Mr . O'Connor . The meeting then separated .
North Staffordsiiibe . —Mr . John Auty , miner , will deliver a lecture on "Monday , December " 16 , 1844 , at seven o'clock in the evening , in the Working-man ' s Hall , Longton , North Staffordshire . All communications for John Auty must be addressed to the care of Mr . Henry Thomas , Peel-street , Burslem , North Staffordshire . Barnsley . —The weavers met again on Monday night , when Mr . J . Grimshaw , who had been the chairman at the former meeting , opened the business by giving a detailed account ol the interview which had taken place between the deputation and the employers . A deputation of five persons , in the employ of Mr . Tee , was then appointed to wait on tneir master , and the meeting adjourned till Wednesday night .
Tnx Committee of the Duncombe Testimonial , meeting at the Black Swan , Brown's-lane , are called together for next Tuesday night , at eight p . si ., and it is requested all books out oe . brought in . The Duxcombe Testimoxiai . Committee , formerly meeting at the Marquis of Granby , Rateliff-eross , an called together for eight o ' clock next Tuesday evening , at the Black Swan , Brown ' s-lane ; all person ! holding collecting books are requested to bringthem in ,
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Rochdale Factory Workers . —There seems to be a general move on theipart of the factory workers in this town . There have been turn-outs of the hands at several of the mills , at some of which work has been resumed , the hands having gotten the advance asked for . : The Next Ginehal Delegatk Meeting of Lancashire Min-ers will be held on Monday next , December 16 th , at the house of Mr . John Garforth , Old Mess House , Oldham . Chair to be taken at eleven o clock m the forenoon . A public meeting will also be held on the same day , at which W . P . Roberts , Esq ., will be present , The levy , including General Contribution and Law fund , is Is . 6 d . per member .
Errata . — Sir , be so good as to correct a few errors which appeared in last week's Star , in the article signed Win , Dixon and Wm . Grocott . The word pan occurs twice , which should be ton . Instead of County Secretaries , it should be—Signed on behalf of the Miners of Lancashire , Wm . Dixon , Wm , Grocott , County Secretary .
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Cdrious Humass . —A recent catalogue of a sale at the West-end of London contains the following extraordinary announcements : — "jTwo ivory young ladies' work-boxes . A mahogany gentleman ' s dressing-case . A rosewood young lady ' s Canterbury , with a secret drawer . " i A Wild Boar Stort . —The Echo de la Nievre of the 3 rd , gives an account ofthe killing of a wild boar at Fours , which had long been the terror ofthe country . He had entered the premises' of a M . Schmid in open day , and when that gentleman came up he found
two of his five yard-dogs dead , the three others dying , and his gamekeeper lamed for life bv a dreadful wound inflicted in the leg by the tusks ofthe ferocious animal . M . Schmid fired his gun | which was loaded with ball , at the boar , and wounded him sufficiently to prevent the animal from making an attack . He then . ' rushed at him , and with his couteau , de , chaste cut his throat . The animal weighed 130 kilogrammes , and in his hide were found ten halls , four of which had been fired at him long before , and six by M . Schmid and his keeper ou the dayiof his death .
Tipperary . —It is stated that a special commission will be issued for the trial of the recent murder cases in the county Tipperary . \ Scdstitite for Marble . —A large factory is about to be established in Berlin , for manufacturing a species of composition equal to the finest marble , from plaster of Paris aiid solutions of alum . 1 Winter . —The navigation seems to be closed at C'ronstadt for the year . The roail and the gulf are thickly covered with ice , and several foreign merchants are obliged to stay . !
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Thomas Rose , of Nursling , numpshire . brick burner . — John Thomas Gibbons , of Eton , Buckinghamshire . —Julitl Brett , ui' Hury Ht . Edmund ' s , Suffolk , currier . —James AyliiiK , of Leeds , cabinet maker . —Stephen liucknell , uf Henrtun , Middlesex . —Jusiah Martin , j of 229 , High-street , St . Leonard , Shureditch . tallow-chandler . — Caroline Maidstone , of Cambridge , milliner . —William Starr Prury , of Chester , ironmonger . — Elias Needham , jun ., of Little Houghton , Lancashire , dogger . —John Beale , of Cadoxton , Glamorganshire , jp-ocer . —William Skinner' Kendle , of Penzance , Cornwall , tea-dealer , i
DIVIDENDS DECLARED . James Gilsun Forsti-r , of Aldgate Iliffli-street , City , tailor , first dividend of Is . in the pound , ' payable at 1 * 8 , Alderman bury , London , any Saturday . James C ' adbury , of New liond-street , eheesemonper , final dividend of Is . 4 id . in the pound , payable at 18 , Aldermanbury , London , any Saturday . " i George Hammond , sen ,, of Havant , Hampshire , brewer , first dividend of Is . ( ki . in the pound , pavalile at IS , Aldermanbury , London , any Saturday . ! Jonathan Bail , of Salisbury , Wiltshire , cabinet maker , first dividend of ( is . 8 d . in the pound , payable at 18 , Alder-¦ inanbury , London , any Saturday . . 1 John Dtinphy , of Hurford , Oxfordshire , victualler , first dividend of is . "id . in the pound , payable at 18 , Aldennanbury , London , any Saturday . j John Hore Brown , of Duke-streetj Manchester-square , chemist , final dividend of Is . £ d . in the pound , payable at Ik , Aldermanbury , London , any Saturday . John Tucker , lute of Suttun-strcet , Commerei-. il-road East , ship owner , first dividend of ( i ? . Sd . in the pound , pavable at 18 , Aldermanbury , London , any Saturday .
Thomas J acomb Lancaster , of Barge-yard , Bucklersbury , City , merchant , final dividend of ] lld . in the pound , payable at IS , Aluevmanbury , London , any Saturday . Thomas Curtis , of" t < tfpuey , shipping butcher , first and final dividend of Is . 8 ( 1 . towards Is . lOd . in the pound , payable at 18 , Aldermanbury , London , any . Saturday . John Ball , of 20 , St . ( ieorge's-plai'e , Hyde-park-conicr , tailor , first dividend of Ud . in the pound , payable at IS , Alderitinul / ury , Loudon , any Saturday . John Freeman Wood , of Oxford , surgeon , first dividend of 2 s . Gd in the pound , payable : it 1 , jSambrook-court , UasiiiKhall-street , any Wednesday . ; . Daniel Basely , of HUjrh-strect , Borough , and Old Rentroad , cheeseminger , third dividend iof Is . in the pound , payable at 1 , Sanibrook-couit , Basinghall-street , any Wednesday , j Edward Vaughau Austin , of l ' aradise-sti'o .-t , Rotherhithc apothecary , first
liiclianl Bavhain , of KniMiortlJ , Hampshire , lihi'n draper , tii > t divi'Unil « it ' "J-. ilil . in tlii pmiiul , pa \ a ! i ' e ; it i . Sjimbr'i"k-i'oiirt , lia-iinthal ' .-str' -i-t . an \ \ V ,. 'lii' *> d ; 'v . , I : hm 1 > l- . 'fth , i if N > > t t iuirli . i in . Ir . 'tijr , ! irM 'liw-l-M'l "i .-. in the puind , paxabli- at -7 , Wat '¦ rl . io- ' . ' ivet , liinmi :. - ! aiiv . 111 % Thnr-ilay . : ! Viinii' -t Applcvard . uf M ; iiichesti-r , stiill' iiiereli i . tir—t jui . I nu :: l ili \ !¦ Icit . l ft' : ' .-.. 1 ' - \ . in 111 * - (•¦• U ;| 5 . J » a \ ; il . ii- ; i ; 7 I li . ii-l . itt .- s . tr « -. t . Man . Ui'vt .-i ' , mi IK .-cl-iio .. r l \ unl .. . j t '< ill' >\\ iug W rdiii'vla . N , i iiawd Thomas <> t ' M .-iuchotcr . rncn-h . mt . » -.- . ni'l < li . L dend of ) . ' , hi- > t < i-, imy U ' vJnor . duyJ John lMither ^ ill , sen ., of Selhy , York-hire , aputiieca ; \ first di \ idciid of : ts . : id . iii tlic pound , pautblv at 7 , Co :: i . liii'ivial-lnuldiiiirs . I . eoik . anv Tuexijav .
Stephen I'hillms , of lirook-street . ] IIanover-M | uaic , c : \ i-. pot warehouseman , dividend of lOii . iin the pound , payable at 1 , Sambrook-roart , Basinghall-street , any Wedne- ( ia \ . Lndd ami Willinni Fenner , of Fenchurch-streer , City , merchants , dividend of 4 d in the , pound , payable at J , S ; nnbrook-court , BnsiiiKhall- < itri * et , jany Wednesday . John Jenkins , of Craven-place , <| ld Kent-road , currii r . rir ^ t dividend of 4 s . ( id . in the pound , payable 'it ' -, ilasiiifrhall-stru'ct , London , any Weduesdaj ' . William Dethk-k , of Temple-street , Whitefriars , Ci ' y , lime merchant , first dividend of 3 | d , in the p . m ' nd , \ ny :. !> ie at ' . ' , Basinghall-street , London , any Wednesday . William Bestoe Smith , of Sudbury , Suffolk , surgeon , fir ^ 1 ( Uviil » 'ijd of lift . l | d . in the ]> ound , payable at 2 , Basirig-b .-ii ! . street , any Wednesday . j I ' t-ter Tansley , of St . John-street ,-: West Sinithncltl , stra \> Jil .-iit « iealer , first ( livi « leiid of '^ s . 0 ^ d . in the j »»» untl , jiityiiLU at ¦ - ' , Masinghall-street , any Wednesday , Henry Wood , of Basing-hall-stree-t , City , woollen factor fir .-t dividend of . ' - , in the pound , payable at 2 , Basinghall street , anv Wednesdav . \
Thomas Beutlcy Andrew , of Ashtun-under-Lvne , Lancashire , tea dealer , first dividend of 3 s . tid . in the pound , payable at 'io , George-street , Manchester , any Tuesday . William Henry Bates , of Birmingham , factor , first dividend of : > s . ' . in . in the pound , payable at 7 , Waterloo-street , Birmingham , any Thursday . j Yeardley and Co ., of Ecclesfield , Yorkshire , flax spinners , first dividend of : te . Dd . in the pound , payable at 7 , Commercial-buildings , Leeds , anyiTuesday . James Sentor , of Kirkheaton * i Yorkshire , fancy cloth manufacturer , first dividend of 3 s . lid . in the pound , payable at 7 , Commercial-buildings , Leeds , any Tuesday . Thomas Williams and Edward [ Williams , of Liverpool . linen drapers , first dividend of 4 . s . id . in the pound , payable at Barued ' s-buiUlings North , Liverpool , any Thursday . William Webb , of Leamiugtou , Warwickshire , hotel keeper , dividend of 7 s . 6 d . iu tb . 6 pound , payable at 27 , Waterloo-street , Uirnunirham , anv Thursday .
John Milner , of Brook-street , New-road , engine manufacturer , second dividend of Is . fid . in the pound , payable at 1 , Sambrook-court , Basinghall-sfeet , any Wednesday . Joseph Else and William Dixon ; of King !> toii-ui > on-Ilull , corn millers , first and final dividend of 12 sv < . \ l . iu the pound on the separate estate of Joseph Else ; and on the joint estate , first dividend of 3 s . inithe pound , payable at 7 , Commercial-buildings , Leeds , any ! Tuesday . CERTIFICATES to be granted , unless cause be shown to the contrary on . the day of meeting . Joseph William SnJll , of Mouijt-p ace . Mile-end-road , hoot-maker , Jan . «—William Hottuii Williamson , of Dowgate-hill , City , tobacconist , Jan . I 10—Hichard Robinson
of 4- > 7 , Strand , coal-merchant , ; Jan . 10 — Henry Adenbrook , of Dudley , Worcestershire , druggist , Jan . 7—John Appleton , of Sunderland near the Sea . Durham , shipowner , Jan . 7—Charles Mann , of Komford , Essex , banker , Jan . 4 —Ross , Watson , land Robert Morris , of Liverpool , brokers , Dec . M . CERTIFICATES to be granted iby the Court of Review , unless i-aviso be shown to the contrary on or before Dee . ol . Thomas Humphrey , sen ., and Thomas Humphrey , jun ., ., f Kingston ^ upoii-liiill , shipwrights —William U ' olland , of Exeter , mnu'f- Mk-luiel Cogltlan , of Meltham . Yorkshire , woollen cloth nmnufuctur « r—Edward Mar ! . Good , of l ' eckhani and Duhvich , Surrey , fanner —Edward M'Laughh ' n , of Long-lane , Bermbiidsev , hair merchant .
rAKTNEHSHIl'S DISSOLVED . William Collison , Edward Trimmer , and Charles Tolley . of Worcester , brewers —Isaac Booth and Richard Bloekle-y , of Monks Coppenhall , Cheshire , nii-rcers — Alfred May and Henry Stewart , of'J 8 , High JHolborn , smiths—George Tillctt ami William Tillett . of Wintcrboumc and Framptoii Cotterell , i ] uarrymen — Edward Cawloy and Josejih Cawley , of 21 , Lamheth-terrac- ; Lambeth-road , Surrey , ealiinet-inakers — S ; imu < -1 Wu . rlley and \ V , N . Uell . of Li-\ ei pool and Smyrna , uierr ! iants 4-Richaivl L . Rankin an < l Joseph UlciUc , of Northuich , Clwsliirc , rnaiinfaituiing chemists- Joseph Lhislev , jun ., Margaret Fatherley , ami
Hannah Fntherh-y . of Washington , Durham , fanners-Thomas Booth and Kicliard Ho ' ruhy , of Blackburn , Lancashire , draper . —John Stanfifld ami John Palmer , of U ; tl : efici ( i , Vorkshitv . booksellers — Richard Attwood ami . 1 . W . Ilewutt , of Karl-haiii , attoijnvvs — ! I . R . Kiurt-st ; i : ni I ' rantis Boyle ( larty , of 1 "» 7 , Fciichurih-street , City , merchants—Henry Hargreaves and Richard Marmadukfc ( Jill , of Blackburn , Lancashire , piinftrs—Robert Bowman and William Knight , jun ., of Manchester—Thomas Conway and John Marden , of Bcaminster , Dorsetshire , drapers — Thomas Ions and Thomas Ley bourne , of N'eweastle-upon-Tyne , curriers— Frederick I ' awspy , John King , and Henry llidley , of Ipswich , ink manufacturers . . 1
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Loxdo . v Coit . v ExriuxGE , jMosdat , Dec . 9 . —The arrivals of English wheat j and barley wore large during the past week , but of { other articles the supplies coastwise were moderate . From Scotland only a few small pan-els of barley , ! and two or three thousand quarters of oats arrived , but of the latter grain the receipts from Ireland were to a fair extent . From abroad the supply of barley > vas very liberal , that of oats tolerably good , with a moderate quantity oi ' wheat and flour , the latter Canadian . At this morning ' s market the show of wh ^ at by land carriage samples from the neighbouring epunties was small ; there was likewise a falling off in the display of barley and
oats ; the quantity fresh up was unimportant . Beans and grey peas were , on the other hand , plentiful , and there were more white peas offering than of late . The shall ) frost caused all I kinds of corn to coirje to hand in improved condition , and the trade was consequently firm . English wheat met rather an active demand , and a clearance was effected without difficulty , at fully the currency of Monday last . Foreign free wheat did not jniove off very freely , its previous value was , however , well supported . Hour , though Still somewhat dull of sale , was held with
increascd firmness . Notwithstanding the late very plentiful arrival of barley , fine malting qualities excited attention . Choice parcels were held at rather over former rates , whilst all other descriptions were quite as dear as on this day se'nnight . In quotations of malt no change occurred . For oats a steady inquiry was experienced , and prices had rather an upward tendency . Beans j moved off very tardUy , and were Is . per qr . cheaper . Grey and maple p ^ as were likewise a trifle easier to buy , and white no dearer . In bonded articlesjnothing of interest trans-
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fih-ed . High prices continue to be asked .. fcci . wliiia , clover-seed , but the demand is not very active ; red moved off rather tardily of late . Unseed cakes have been much sought after ; indeed , the severe weather lias enhanced the value of all articles used for feeding .. Loxoos Smithfield Marext .- ^ -Mospaz . —As $ h& great Christmas market will be held &ese , . o . n Monday next , no little curiosity was manifesiediny grazier * and butchers to ascertain the quaij ^ y of the stock exhibited for sale to-day , by way of a , criterion to re-Sulate their future transactions . J&ut , wiih the exception of there being a few well-made-up Devona , Scots , and runts , amongst the bullock supply , a very great and almost unprecedented deficiency of quality
was apparent ; in fact , at least a moiety of it was less than half fat . From the numerous attendance of butchers , and the ne > r approach of Christmas , we were led to expect an improved demand , but such was not the case ; still , however , the primest beef was in good request at fully hist week ' s quotations—viz ., from 4 s . to 4 s . id . perSlbs , ; butm all other kinds exceedingly little was doing , and , in some instances the rates had a downward tendzney . The imports of live stock from abroad , during the past week have been again liberal ; they having amounted to 105 oxen and cows , aiid ti" sheep at Ilull : and 93 beasts , together with 163 sheep , into London—the whole being from Rotterdam by steamers . The supply on show
to-dayconsisted of 44 oxen and cows , and 104 sheep . With respect to the quality of the former , we may observe , that it exhibited a slight improvement compared with previous importations , f'hile the latter were in excellent condition . The beasts found purchasers at from ill ) to £ K > , and the sheep from 39 s . to 44 s . per head . We find that the foreign beasts are still in good favour amongst ' the butchers , while the sheep are somewhat eagerly sought after . The bullock droves from our northern grazing districts , consisted of about 1500 shorthorns . From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , we received' 380 Scots , « fec . ; from the western and midland counties , 600 Herefords ,
runts , Devons , < kc . ; from other parts of England , 700 of various breeds ; from Scotland , 200 horned and polled Scots ; and from Ireland , via Liverpool , 40 beasts—the remainder of the supply being derived from the neighbourhood of the metropolis . The supply of sheep was somewhat on the increase , and of fair average quality . Fine old Downs were in good vquest at full prices , but all other breeds were with tiilficulty disposed of at late rates . In calves , exceedingly little was doing at previous currencies . We li ; id on offer 144 pigs , by sea , from Ireland . All de-¦; Tiptions of pork were heavy , yet prices were supported .
S . UITHFIEI . D Hat Market , Thursday . —Coarse Meadow Hay ,. £ 3 l ' 2 s to £ 4 los ; Useful ditto , £ 4 16 s to £ 4 s ; tine Upland ditto , £ 5 on . to £ 510 s ; Clover Hay , £ 4 10 s to £ 6 ; Oat Straw , £ 1 12 s to £ 1 14 s ; Wheat Straw , £ 1 14 s to £ 1 17 s per load . A fab * average supply , and a steady demand at very full prices . Soitiiau ; , Dec . 11 . —For prime beasts and sheep —the numbers of which were rather limited—we had a steady demand at fully last week's quotation . All other kinds of stock met a very sluggish inquiry , at barely late rates . Beef , from 2 s . 6 d . to 4 s . 4 u ; mutton , * 2 s . 8 d . to 4 s . 4 d ; veal , 3 s . to 4 s ; and pork , 2 s . Hid . to 3 s . 10 d . per 81 ds . to sink the offal . Supply -. — Beasts , 47 ; Sheep , 1 , 700 ; Calves , 48 ; Pigs , 5 tJ . "
Romfokd , Dec . 11 . —> Vchad an improved inquiry for all kinds of fat stock , at full currencies ; beef , from ' Js . lOd . to 4 s . Cd ; mutton , 3 s . to 4 s . 4 d ; veal , 3 s . 4 d . to 3 s . " IOd . ; and pork , 2 s . 8 d . to 3 s . lOd . per Bibs . ; suckling calves , 18 s . to 30 s . ; quarter-old store pi « s , 10 s . to 20 s . ; and milch cows , with thcii- small calf , £ 16 to £ 19 each . IIailsmam , Dec . 11 . —This being our great market , the supply , of stock was gnod , aud of very superior quality . Prices ruled as follows : —beef , from "is . 8 d . to 4 s . f , tl . ; mutton , ; 3 s . to 4 s . Id . ; veal , 3 s . 4 d . to . 'I . - . 8 < i . ; and pork , ' 2 * . Hid . to 3 s . lid . per 8 lbs .
Aium'KL , Dix . 10 . — lVef , from 2 s . lOd . to is . -id . ; nniHtiii , ; is . to 4 s . f . d . ; vt > : \ l , ; ls . id . to 3 s . Su . ; and ; i"rk , 2 .-. lod . to -is . ' -d . per - ' 11 is . Supply j . uoil , and trade i > : > the whole dull . t ' ; iii'IIKnt ; -: ii , !» i-: c . 11 . — 1 ! : e r . '; , ' > y . " tln > \ v .. r was j ait :- eijiuil to ill ' . ' Di ' ' . !' .. ' 1 . n ; trull' was not In * .: \ : l > ris ? v . and ; i U'H' : ' i ! i .. r .. 'i r v . a . ~ i . iloi'tcti ac iiur . | tii ) tutious . H' -o / , . ; -u . ' : t > s . vi . to 1-. (< J . ; . autton , - ' -. Sil . to is . 4 < 1 . ; ve . il . 3 s . to . 'is . ¦ 1 . ; and pork . - '> . Itkl . i <> 3 s . f-. i . per ^ lli * . Svitkiuii : vhIvl's , 1- ^ s . to ' . ' ' < . ; (| iiarti'r- < il . l store [ ii .:-, !> Js . V > l ^ s . ; and Milch ¦ ii v .,. £ }<> to £ IU each . '•> ilX AV £ KA < 'tS . — 'i-n ' .-ral a \ prat : e ) vices fit' British .. 'H ( V > v the woek cinl' d ltt-v . 7 , 1844 , n ; .. 'io up from the li : i : 'it > nt ' tin- In >| KTtur in the dirtl-rt-ut Cities and Towns i - England and Wales , jn-r Ini ] i < -ruil Quarter . VI .. at - 4- ") S . -M . I Out . ^ - - . 'Is . K ) d . iWns - 37 s . 5 d-! . irl » v --: ? 4 s . 'Jd . Rve - : " lf =. I ' d . IV-usl' - 3 « s . 4 d .
Tiiirsk Corn Markkt , Monday , Dec . U . —About an average s-upply ; in prices no alteration : all well sold ij > . ' Wheat , 5 s . 3 d . to ( is . ; rye , 3 . . 'M . to 4 s . 6 d . ; ins , 4 s . 9 d . to 5 s . 3 d . per bushel ; oats , U > s . 6 d . to . ' is . ; barley , 31 s . to 3 . 5 s . per quarter . ;; iIR *; K . \ VKEK . LY CORN KETCRSS fl' TO SATUKDAV LAST . H' / ioit . Barley . Oatx . Hne . i Beaw . Peas . Ji-s . Hush . Qrs . Bush . Qrs . Bush . Qi-s . " Qrs . Bash . Qrs . m 4 57 ti 85 5 0 l » 3 0 TOTAL AMOUNT . f s . d . £ s . d . £ * . d . £ s . il . £ s . d . £ s . d . !")] 10-3 114 17 0 79 fi 3 I ) 0 ( t 0 19 5 0 0 0
TRICE PER yr . UtTER . 'J s . d . £ s . d . £ s . d . £ s . ( 1 . £ s . d . £ s . d . 1 4 ' Ak 1 12 10 0 1 * Oi 0 0 0 2 1 0 ,: 0 0 0 Bedale Fortnight Fair , Dec . 10 . —We had a good supply of both beasts and sheep at this day's market , \ itli a good attendance of W-yers . Beef , Cs . to 'is . Cd . per stone ; mutton , ojd . per lb . Malton Corn Market , Dec . 7 . —We have a limited dpply of gi-ain to this day ' s market , with the exception of oats , which was very limited . Wheat of all 'Inscriptions in good demand , at last week ' s prices , llarley , except the finest qualities , the turn lower . Oats without alteration . —Red wheat , new , 43 s .-to Ids . ; old ditto , 50 s . to 52 s . ; ditto white , new , 51 sl to 54 s . ; old ditto , 52 s . to 5 Gs . per quarter of forty stone . Barley , 28 s . to 3 ' . } s . per quarter of thirtytivo stone . Oats , 9 id . to 10 £ d . per stone .
York Corn Market , Dec . 7 . —The market is beginning to have its usual supply of grain . For wheat , fanners are asking a little advance on last week ' s rates , and in some cases it is acceded to , but the general run of samples are no dearer . Fine barley , ready sale ; inferior qualities difficult to quit , and the turn lower . Beans have declined Ud . per load , and oats one farthing per stone . Leeds Corn Market , Tuesday , Dec . 10 . —We have now a change in the weather ; ' a keen frost set in on Thursday last , and still continue ? , by whieh ni » / trtn fl 11 inn i \ t nil crva 11 *> u ntn / . K i mt \ HAit . i . l t ^ wnnU vuuuibivu \ jmiui iuiii iij mutlllllfl \ J \\\ 1 .
mv . ^ -U ZA . LKZOli . ¦ "lpplies this morning are only liuiitea , and having a . fair good demand for wheat , a small advance on last week ' s prices is realized , and a healthy feeling in the trade . Barley is steady in value , and the demand lias slightly increased . Oats , shelling , and beans , both old : and new , arc without much change in value , Leeds Cloth Trade , —The sharp weather with which we have been visited during the last few days has produced a slight animation in the demand for winter goods ; but the general aspect ofthe trade is still-d \\ U , Many parties arc , however , looking for an improvement with the new year .
Manchester Corn Market , Saturday , Dec . 7 . — Rather a better demand has been experienced for all descriptions of flour during the week , and although we cannot note any improvement in prices , the rates previously obtainable have been fully supported . In oats . and oatmeal a steady business lias likewise been passing-, at the full currency of our last market-day . At our market this morning few transactions occurred in whont , hut no alteration in value iras observable . A moderate demand existed for flour , and the quotations of this day se ' nnight were firmly maintained . (> nt > s being in scanty supply , commanded an advance of Id . per 45 lbs . ; and oatmeal met a fair sale , at fully late rates . Beans were in limited request , and a "; ain rather cheaper .
Liverpool Cok . v Market , Monday , Dee . 9 . The arrivals of grain , < fcc , to this port , during the past week , are . of very small amount : Is . per quarter advance has occurred in the duty on foreign rye , and Is . per quarter decline on peas—say 8 s . Cd . and 7 s . 6 d . respectively . Throughout the week the trade has been inactive ; but , with continued firmness on the part of holders of foreign , and the small imports of Irish new , prices of wheat throughout the week hare been maintained . Flour has experienced a very dull sale , and home manufacture must be quoted Is . per sack cheaper . Though lew oats have been wanted , the scarcity of that grain lias enabled holders to realize fully Id . advance ; good mealing qualities have not-been obtainable under 3 s . to 3 s . Id . per 45 lbs . Oatmeal has met a moderate demand at last week ' s rates . Barley has continued w move slowly . No alteration as regards beans and peas .
Liverpool Cattle Market , Monday , Dee . 9 . — We have had a smaller supply of cattle at market today than for some time past , with a numerous attendance of buyers . There was an advance in price of about jd . per lb . from last week ' s quotations . Beef oid- to 5 Jd ., mutton 5 « d . to 6 jd per lb . Cattle imported into Liverpool , from the 2 nd to the 9 th Nov . : —Cows , 1832 ; calves , 3 G ; sheep , 3058 ; pigs 5328 ; horses , 21 . Liverpool Wool Market , Dec . 7 . —We have again io report a fair business in wool this week , with arprev-ailing opinion , which seems to be gaining ground that prices will not be lower . In Alpaca , with bur light stock , the few sales are at full price The demand lor Scotch is moderate , at late rates , " for the wants of the trade .
State « W-Tim intelligence of the complete closing of Ihe Elbe by ice , wMck ceachedthia town on Saturday , has put > ssudden stop ^ tb purcliag es of ya rn tor Germany- ; and theraccounfe from India not heing considered favourable , the yaw njarket has become exceedingly dull , though ; as yet ; without any matenatchange in prices . The market for mariofiictiired goodsiis also inactive , for which theReason may sufficiently account Yesterday tfiereiiweresome ^ rather extensive inquiries for 40-mch shirtibgs , at lower rates ; but , we believe , not much business done . Manchester Guardian- ; of Wednesday .
Cvfl&Rsr $Rof)Cinentfs.
CVfl&rsr $ Rof ) CinentfS .
Untitled Article
Early Winter . —The mountainsand even the upper valleys on the French frontier of Arragon are covered with snow , an event which has not taken place at so early a period for forty years . In the lower vallevs rain has fallen almost incessantly for the last month . Wolves have come down in troops , and devoured an immense number of sheep , horned cattle , and horses ; and even the bears , said to be in general so cowardly , have become bold and rapacious . A few days since the wolves devoured ninety sheep ami several horses between the Eaux Ghaudes and Gabas .
A > ew Translation . —A rich old maiden lady , who was notorious for her bad temper and for her perpetually scolding her servants , having died a short time since , the hatchment was put up against her house , under which was the following motto : — " Itrquicscat in jxtce . " The cook inquired of the coachman the meaning of these words . Coachee , proud of this appeal to his scholarship , after pondering over them fora moment , answered . — "Oh , the motto in English is— ' Rest quiet , cat , in peace . ' " The Boy Jones auais . —During the few days the Warspite was anchored in Ralamis-bay , the boy Jones ( in I go ) swam from the ship during the night ; but after some search he was found ashore . I nave not heard of his getting into the Palace , however .
The Frost in Holland . —Amsterdam , Dr . r . 6—In consequence of the frost which we have had for these three days past , the river Y before the city is hard frozen . The Zaandam steamer wan obliged yesterday to give up a voyage , and to return on aeeount of the ice . This morning , before seven o ' clock , three persons , going to shoot wild fowl , crossed the Y , opposite the Custom-house , and several peasants , with milk for North Holland , have crossed the ice on toot . Victor Hugo , who , it is said , has determined for the present altogether to abandon the dramatic Muse , has been compensating himself with her lyrical sister . A third volume ol" Ms poetical speculations and reminiscences of " The Rhine" is in the press . A work of his on Italy is also spoken of as forthcomingwhich , says the Revue de Paris , the poet " designs as his first political offering to the peerage . "
Increase of Paupers . —From the returns prepared under the dirprtion of the Poor Law Commissioners , it appears that the numljer of outdoor paupers in cW 4 unions in England and Wales had increased during the past year . Thus the total . number of aged and infirm out-door paupers , partially or wholly disabled , relieved during the quarto ended Lady-day 1 ^ 42 , was 271 , 7 G 9 , being composed of 59 , 749 men wholly unable to work , and 111 , 584 women and ' 31 . Hi ? men and 09 ,. WO females partially able to work . In the Lady-day 1843 , the number of those wholly unable or only partially able to work had risen from 271 , 7 fi ' . > 1 u 2 H 8 . 74 . * , showing 17 , 01 ) 0 increase in « ne quarter alone ! Thus also has the amount levied
and expended in T . ngland and Wales gradually increased , year by year , sinci ; lsy , ^ . The amount levied in 1 S 3 * was £ > , i ^ ti ,. >' . i : in ' K'Jfl , C > , « J 15 , . l 3 ^( an inort-n > e of heiwecn itl-imui'iit and £ . >( in . ( Kiin ; iu H-KI , £ U , nI- ; , c . ( i . "> (; m iTH'ivusr iiL ain nearly equal , as coiiiparcd wiih the p . reei-diui ; yrari ; in HI I , the amount levied fur tl . e purpo-cs < it ' th-e l'uor Law further ineivarn-d to tG .: r > l , }< :. »* : in IM 2 , to ei » ,. "i . VJ , s . ni ; ami : ; i I > K 5 , t «» tin- tiioviiious sum oi £ 7 , " , V > , . " ' ' ' % '" ' ' "' iiRT < "a > i' ui » iii tin _ \ eai" liet ' on .- , of no less than X ' i ' -V 2 . ~ i > . * > , or upward- of half a million . sterling . In fart , the cost of the poor in the last year was nearly tin- same as that- in 1 * - ' <» , under the nnich reprobated old system .
( iame . —On Monday la ? t , as a l-. il > ourcrof QuamUin was criHsimr a field belonging te the Duke of Kuekiughain , he saw a great number of hares , nrul had the curiosity to count them . In this one field he counted no less than 270 hares , which was of course much less than the number he saw , as there were many he could not count . While labourer * are stan ' ing for want of food and employment , iure are vermin allowed to consume and waste this food , and by their depredations to lessen the farmer ' s means ot employing the poor . — lyttsburi / Newt .
Le « al Eou ' ity . —An unlucky youngster in the county of Sussex , in a frolic with his gun disturbed some partridges , without hurting a feather . For this the magistrate fined him £ 10 . —A few days since a ruffian brutallv assaulted a poor woman after partaking of her hospitality under pretL-nce of knowing her husband ,. then awnv at sea , and in whieh assault he was assisted by his companion , who had shared what the : poor woman ' s house afforded . In resisting their violence the poor woman broke her arm , and the wretch who caused this calamity was fined M . o , or two menths' imprisonment .
Circumstantial Evidence . —A woman , fifty-two years of age , the wife of a . small farmer , named Benvoisin , residing at EpreviU , was tried on the 27 th ult . before the Court of Assizes of the Eure , for the murder of her brother , Pierre Vautier . It appeared from the indictment and the evidence that the brother and the sister had for nearl y fifteen years been on bad terms , in consequence of the anger felt by the latter at her brother having a larger portion ofthe property left by the father than she thought right , and that Vautier , in his just resentment against his sister , who was a woman of the worst feelings , had niade a will
bequeathing his property ( about 16 , 000 f . ) to a friend . The mother , however , being attacked with severe illness , and therefore desirous of seeing her daughter , Vautier , who resided with his mother , consented to receive his sister , and at the death-bed of the parent a reconciliation took place . Vautier having about the period of his mother's death broken his thigh , the sister remained at his house'to nurse him ; and , although her selfish disposition was again shown by her desiring to have the whole ofthe household furniture of the . deceased , and a quarrel ensued , yet Vautier , as a proof that the reconciliation made bv the bedside of his mother was sincere on his
part , revoked the will which lie had made in favour of bis friend , and executed . another , in which he left everything to his sistor . This act of generosity caused his death . The prisoner , anxious to get immediate possession of tlio property , and taking advantage of * his feeble state , entered his room at nisrnt , and with a elub'beat out his brains . Early on the following : momingshe went to a neighbour , and told him that during the night some thieves had broken in , and after robbing the bouse had murdered her brother . The character of the woman , however , created , suspicion , and the officers of justice had soon proof that the murder was committed by her . (> n the trial the evidence was such as not to admit of a doubt
of her guilt ; but the jury , to the surprise of the- ( ourt , declared that there was no proof of the murder having been committed with premeditation . She was therefore only sentenced to imprisonment for life , with hard labour . A remarkable fact was revealed on the trial , showing that even the most calculating eriminals . frequently commit groat oversights . The murderess liad taken the precaution , after the consummation of the crime , to proceed to a neighbouring spring , and wash away the sfains oi'blood from her hands and some of her clothing , " but she had placed a bloody hand upon a latch on the inner side of n door which was locked , " find the ! key of which was found in her possession . Her story of thieves having entered the house was contradicted by this fact , for they could not subsequently have locked a door of which they had not the key ; the marks of blood also wt ? re those of the left hand , and it was proved that the prisoner was left-handed . — GalignanCs Messenijer . '
ha '¦ ^^* . *^ . h 41 An American Actjiess , Miss Cushman , celebrated in the highest walks of the drama , has arrived in England . Yankee Shooting . —I'll tell you of a peculiar cheap shot as I had with a single bullet . In at farmer Spov-iu ' s , I see a coop ready to go to Brooklyn , ' with heven and forty ducks in it . So I said to Spovin , " How much will you charge me for a single shot among that brood with a single bullet , whole , and not split ? " "Two dollars , " said Spovin . " Done ! " says I , slick enough . So I took a little bruised corn and strewed it along the trough , and out pops the seven and forty heads of the ducks . Then I lay down on the ground right away , and taking a perspective horizontal view of the whole regiment sideways , I wish I may be teototally substaquilated if I didn't carry off the entire whole of the seven and forty heads .
The Intellectual Middle G ' LAss .- ^ a recent inquest Mr . Wakley stated , that not one-half of the jurors who attended inquests in the western district of Middlesex * could write ; and that a short time since he held an inquest at which ten jurors out of the twelve could not sign their names . Eartoqcakes . —Letters from Italy state that the continued shocks of earthquake by which , for more than a year past , the city of Ragiisa has been distuTbed , have created so much alarm that it is in contemplation to evacuate the well-known place , and build a new Ragusa , on some better protected spot of the Dalmatic shore .
India-kubber Goods . —The American papers mention that ^ great improvements have , been made lately in the United States , in the manufacture of Indiarubber waterproof goods , for which a patent has been taken out by Mr . Charles Goodyear , it is also stated that the articles have been patented in England , France , and Russia .
* 5anfcru)!T0, Ike. J
* 5 anfcru )! t 0 , ike . j
Agricultural Column.
agricultural Column .
Market Intelligence.
MARKET INTELLIGENCE .
Untitled Article
December 14 , 1844 . THE NORTHERN STAR . / j 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 14, 1844, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1293/page/7/
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