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CHAMBERS' PHILOSOPHY REFUTED.
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THE NORTHERN STAR. S ATURDAY , JANUARY 4, 1845.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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In the Press , and will be published on Friday nest , the 10 th inst , Price Fourpence , ( forming a Pamphlet of 48 pages demy Svo . ) A FULL and COMPLETE REFUTATION of the PHILOSOPHY contained in a TRACT recently published by the MESSRS . CHAMBERS , of Edinburgh , entitled the " Employer and Employed . " This valuable little work will contain the most com . plete defence of the demands of the Working Classes for their fair share of the enormous wealth created by Machinery , as well as a justification of Trades Unions ; and wiU be prefaced by a short Dialogue between a . Factory In&nt Female Operative , her Mother , and Grandmother ; the latter of whom remembers the days of yore , before Machinery had supplanted Manual Labour . The numerous appeals that have been made to Mr . O'Connor from nearly every part of the kingdom for the publication , in pamphlet form , of those Dialogues that have recently appeared in the Star , have determined him to gratify what appears to be tho almost unanimous wish of the Labouring Classes . Heywood , 58 , Oldliam-street , Manchester ; Cleave , 1 , Shoe-lane , London ; Guest , Bull-street , Birmingham ; at the Northern Star Office , 340 , Strand , London ; and may be had of all Booksellers and News Agents in Town and Country . All News Agents in Lancashire and Yorkshire will save carriage by ordering of Mr . Heywood , from whom they will receive the Pamphlet upon the same terms as if supplied from the Northern Star Office .
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Shocking Occuhhexce at Ashfohd . —The quiet village of AsMml , a short distance from Staines , lias been the scene of a shocking affair , which lias created very great sensation in the neighbourhood . So fatas the facts have been ascertained , it appears that a man named William Oliver , and his wile and family , consisting of several children , occupied a miserable cottage by the road side , near Ashford , for some time past . The woman was in the habit of vending lucifer matches , and the children were sent out to beg , these being the only means by -which the family could efee out a subsistence . The family had been in great distress , and were receiving relief from the parish of Isleworth . On Tuesday week William Oliver , one of the sons , came to a neighbour ' s house , in a state of alarm , and said that his father and mother were verv ilL and the person to whom he applied
immediately went for Mr . Richardson , the overseer , and accompanied him to the miserable hut occupied toy thefemily , where a dreadful scene presented itself—die woman lying upon the bed quite dead , and her husband , in the agonies of death , by her side . A messenger was immediately dispatched for Mr . Curtis , the medical officer of the union , and he soon attended , and did all that Was possible to alleviate the sufferings of the man , but without avail , as he expired almost immediately . The wife was undressed , and lying nearly on her face in bed . The room ' presenteS an appearance of the most wretched poverty j all the covering for the wretched parents and their children was a few rags ; there was not a chair in the apartment , and the only article in the room was an old saucepan that had apparently contained coke to warm the room . The actual cause of
this double death at present remains in mystery , but it is believed to be from the effect of poison . -The constable who was called in found a piece of paper , which contained some white powder , believed to oe arsenic , which has been taken away for medical examination , but the resulthas not yet transpired . On a further search the constable found one penny and a small quantity of bread and- bacon , which the little boy ( William ) says his father wished him to eat in the night , and awoke him for that purpose , but he would not do so . There is some reason to believe that there was an intention on the part of one or other of the unhappy deceased persons to destroy the whole family ; for another child ( Eliza ) had evidently partaken of some noxious ingredient , as she was very ill when the surgeon was called in , and exhibited all the appearance of having taken poison , although she is now out of danger , and , with her brother , in the union-house , under the care of the parochial authorities .
Tbe Poachdcg Affray at Cboome . —Death or O . sEop the Keepers . —Worcester , Tuesday , Dec . 24 . —The unfortunate gamekeeper , Thomas' Staite , who was so inhumanly beaten by poachers at Croome on the morning of the 21 st inst ., has died from the injuries received . After the operation of trepanning which was performed with great skill on Saturday , the poor fellow lingered in a hopeless condition until ten o ' clock this morning ( Tuesday ) , when death put an end to his sufferings , to which it was supposed , however , he could not have been acutely sensible , the unfortunate man ' s brain having received considerable injury . The rumour that one of the poachers had been captured proves correct His name is Joseph Turvey ; lie is a native of Pershore , in which own it is thought a large portion of the gang reside .
Shocklng Death of a Moihee ajjd Son . —York . — On Friday week great excitement was created in Walmgate , in this city , in consequence of the awfiilly sudden death of two persons , a mother and her sonthe son , asitwasreported , fromkudanumhavingbeen admininstcred to him by a man named Charles Emmerson , and the mother , from the shock her system experienced on learning the painful intelligence . The two deceased persons are John Coultate and his mother , who resided in the Black Bull passage , Walmgate . It appears that John Coultate had been drinking in the company of Enunerson and several other persons in the Clock public-house He became seriously indisposed between four and five o'clock in the afternoon , and having been conveyed home , medical , assistance was
obtained , but it was of no avail , as the poor man expired about six o ' clock . Mrs . Coultate also died about half past seven . Information of these circumstances having been given to the police , and it having been ascertained that , in the afternoon , Emmerson had purchased a pennyworth of fciudnnuni at the shop of air . Thomas Agar , druggist , of Wahngatc , inspector Bellerby , about eight o ' clock , went to Emmerson ' s lodgings in Walmgate and found hi ™ in bed . lie immediately took him into custody , and safely lodged him in the station-house , on suspicion of having administered the poison to the deceased . Inquests were holden on the bodies , when the evidence of the medical gentlemen who had made a post mortem examination of the body of the male deceased , shewed that there was no foundation for the suspicion that the deceased had been poisoned . On the contrary , death had evidently resulted irom aWtofthe bead accelerated in all probability by excessive
drunkenness . In the case of the male deceased the jury returned the following verdict -. —That the deceased ' s death was occasioned by an injury of the head , but how caused docs not appeal * in evidence . And the jury wish to express their approval of the exertions of the city police , and desire to direct their particular attention to the conduct of the landlord of theCloek public-house and the company frequentingit . At the inquest held on the body of the unfortunate mother the jury returned a verdict of—Died from the effect of excessive grief and the shock occasioned by the melancholy death of her son , John Coultate . — Emmerson was present during the greater part of the inquest . He stated that on Friday he had bought a pennyworth of laudanum at Mr . Agar ' s for the purpose of applying itto his leg , wMeh he had sprained , out he denied having taken any laudanum into the Clock public-house . On Tuesday evening Emmerson was taken before a magistrate , and discharged .
Attempied McitDEn axd SmciDE . —On Saturday week the neighbourhood of Cripplegatc was thrown into a painful state of excitement , in consequence of the discovery of a father having tried to murder his own ofispring- ^ a little girl , and afterwards attempted to take away his owu life . The particulars connected with this distressing affair are as follow : It appears that between eleven and twelve o ' clock the attention of some of the neighbours residing in Lower Whitecross-strect i was attracted to ISo . 50 , occupied by a bookseller and newsvender of the name of Flood , through hearing a violent screaming proceeding from the upper part of the house . One of the parties immediately went and knocked at the door , but reeeiving no answer , it was deemed advisable to force the door , which being done , anothernian of the name
of Dalfihin , an Italian warehouseman , rushed up stairs , and upon opening one of the room doors , a most distressing spectacle presented itself . Upon the floor was found lying ilr . Flood , apparently dying , and Ms daughter , a fine little girl , close by , screaming with all his might , and suffering the most excruciating agony . It was at once apparent that both father and daughter were suffering from the effect of some deadly poison . Messengers were therefore despatched for medical assistance . In a very brief period two surgeons arrived , and administered the stomach pump , and the usual antidotes . They were , however , unable to eradicate the whole of the poison from
the man ' s stomach , it havinir such a strong hold of the whole of the system , and , as the last resource to s ^ e lus life he was removed to St . Bartholomew ' s Hospital , where , at seven o ' clock list evening , the reporter , upon calling , ascertained that there was little hopes of the unfortunate man ' s recovery . The remedies administered to the girl had a better effect , and it is hoped that she may ultimately recover . The probable cause of the unfortunate mail making such a desperate attempt to tlestrov his own ] ife , and that of his daughter , is the following ;—A lew days since his wife died , which so pn-yed upon hisniindiliat ever since he iias bmi Hoiked to be- in an oxecediunlv low
and dcsjiiijiiHa ^ state , and he ' . as more than once been hoard t <» -ay . iiinx k- laiveu lie -Wild one day ilic by bis ovn l : auij .
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== Death bt Burning . —On Thursday week a police-constable , named Ayliffe , on his beat in Greenman-lane Poplar , heard the screams of a woman , and cries of " Murder , " "Fire , " proceed from the house , No . 3 , inhabited by a person named Ellen Walsh . He endeavoured to obtain admission , but was unable to do so until he broke open the door , when the unfortunate creature ( Walsh ) fell into his arms with her garments blazing around her . Ayliffe , with , great presence of mind , threw his great coat about her person , flung her on the ground , and rolled her over and over until he extinguished the flames . She was removed to the London hospital , and death has since relieved her of her sufferings . The woman was of the class called " unfortunate , " and went home intoxicated on Christmas-night , leaving a candle burning on a chair by her bed-side , and the light communicated to her clothes .
Manchester . —Determined Suicide . —On Tuesday week Mr . Charles Swengley , landlord of the Waterloo Tavern , Cockpit-hill , put an end to his existence by shooting himself through the head . It appears that on Monday evening he went to the shop of Air . Conway , gunmaker , Blackfriars , to purchase a pistol , saying it was for a little boy to shoot sparrows . He procured one , which " he afterwards thought too small , and came back for a larger one . The nextmorning he was found by the servants lying near the fire-place of the bed-room with his head blown
to pieces . It is conjectured that he placed himself before a large glass , which stood over the chimneypiece , and discharged the pistol into his mouth . The pistol was found laying by his side . Some powder and shot were on the table , together with a piece of paper on which the unfortunate man had written a Few lines , in a rather trembling hand , declaring himself to be " broken , " and wishing to be pardoned for all his faults . An inquest was held on the body on Tuesday , when the jury returned a verdict of—Suicide under temporary insanity .
The Late Murderous Attack an-TOE Earl OF Covexirt's Keepers , at Croojie . —Yesterdayweek Superintendent Ilams , ofthePershore station , accompanied by Superintendent Petford , apprehended three . men in Pershore , suspected of having been concernedin the latal fatal affray . They are severally named Francis Dingley , Samuel Turvey , and William Brimfield . We understand that Turvey and the three other prisoners have already been convicted of poaching , and strong suspicion exists that all participated in the deplorable outrage . The inquest on Staite was commenced yesterday , and after the examination of several witnesses , was adjourned to the 7 th of January . —Worcester Herald of Saturday .
Chambers' Philosophy Refuted.
CHAMBERS' PHILOSOPHY REFUTED .
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DTJNCOMBE AND THE TRADES . "There isa time to build up and a time to pull down , " saith the proverb . There is also a time for activity and a time for slumber . There is a philosophy in idleness , and wisdom in doing nothing . From the time that the busy bustle of the Parliamentary session is over , until the law-makers again meet , there is little to disturb the monotony of life , except the summer and winter assizes , the November fogs and consequent suicides , and the Christmas pantomimes . . All these interludes between the . sessions
of 1844 and 1845 have passed away , without much to distinguish them from , those of former years beyond the lamentable catalogue of crime , and consequent destruction of human life , developed at the recent winter assize ; a corresponding increase of the London fogs , and the more than usual amount o * laughter produced by the Christmas pantomimes . From the commencement of the new year to the opening of Parliament is to the Minister , and indeed to all political parties , a period of anxiety and suspense , There is doubt and hope ; doubt as to the allegiance of friends , and hope in the weakness of
enemies . The new year presents us with the opening of the French Chambers—with one of those senseless royal speeches , " made to order for the occasion ; " with the opening of the Canadian Assembly , prefaced by another semi-royal prologue ; and the opening of the American Congress , with an excessively long , though not unimportant , yarn from Mr . President Ttlek . The French Monarch appears to attach paramount importance to his personal intimacy with the Queen of England , and the many acts of kindness that he received from the people of that
country , meaning , we presume , thereb y , the attention exhibited towards him by the lacqueys who attended him at the Royal table : while the Governor-General of Canada attaches surpassing interest to the birth of a Royal Prince . In all these new year ' s gifts for royalty , aristocracy , and the middle classes , we do not recognise one single sentence , line , or word , to the advantage of the working classes ; and was it not for the " message" of Duncombe to the people of England , which will be found in our seventh page , we should have found it difficult to select a single incident cheering to the heart of Labour .
Our readers will see in Mr . Duxcombe's reply to Mr . Drurt , matter of more importance fa tbe working classes of England than the opening of all the Representative Assemblies in the world . It is true that Mr . Duxcombe dislodges us from our own hobby , the grand "Duncombe Demonstration , "butthen we are too good soldiers to be guilty of a single act of disobedience , and too well understand the importance of
following the instructions of our leader to utter a single murmur of complaint at our own disappointment . In passing , however , we may say that we did contemplate an object , and a very important one too , to be served by the proposed demonstration ; our object was to give Mr . Dcxcombe that strength , without which , to use his own words , he is deficient in that power whereby his exertions may be successful . He says— " I am oxlt strong when I represent the
ORGANISED STREXGin OF TOUR ORDER . NoW , in the above admission we fully concur ; and the object of the proposed demonstration was to convince our assembled representatives , who could not close their eyes against the importance of such an exhibition , that Mr . ' Duncombe did represent the organised strength of Mr . Drury ' s order , which is the order of Labour . It may be urged that Mr . Duncombe's
popularity , and his influence over the working classes , are admitted facts . They are facts ; but then neither the press nor the different leaders of political sections will admit them as truth . However , upon the whole we have not much to complain of , as the proposition of Mr . Dukcoube is but the postponement of the grand object which we anticipated would result from the demonstration—namely , the Trades' Delegate Conference to be held in London .
To this project we have for now nearly two years endeavoured to direct the attention of the Trades ; nor have we altogether failed in preparing the public mind for the adoption of the scheme , coming , as it now does , with the full force of recommendation , from one who has never flinched , and who pledges himself never to flinch , from the advocacy of Labour's cause . One of two results must now occur : either the Trades must meet and devise plans for the protection of Labour , or all classes of Labour must tamely submit to every infliction the present system imposes upon thorn . an < l must henceforth transfer ilioii * abuse' of
irresponsible Government and uncontrolled power oJ cajuial , to tlie apathy , subserviency , and cowardice o ! the Trades . If Mr . DcjicoMisE ' s letter is of paramount
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importance , Mr . Dkurt ' s is not deficient in significance . Afr . Drurt says that he speaks as the organ of the Trades of Sheffield ; his words are— " As the Trades of Sheffield ( in common with the working classes of the country ) regard you as the veritable representative of the working millions , I feel emboldened on their behalf to request your opinion and advice upon the following subjects . " Then follows the subject upon which Mr . Duncombe's advice is sought . Hence we have the Trades of Sheffield
craving Mr . Duncombe ' s opinion through their legitimate organ ; we have that opinion clearly , explicitly , manfully , thoughtfully , and ably given ; and now the only question to be considered is , whether the Trades will Mow the advice of their friend . His opinion is asked as to how the Trades can be relieved from their present hopeless condition . He tells them how ; and should they fail to act upon that opinion , they cannot blame us if we shall henceforth call them by the name of their own adoption- " WILLING SLAVES . "
Again , Mr . Drury asks for a plan by which the Trades shall not only be prepared , and enabled to meet any legislative assault , but lie very wisely asks for a plan by which they may be enabled to meet and withstand the still more active aggressions of "THE CAPITALISTS WITH WHOM THEY ARE MORE IMMEDIATELY AND INDIVIDUALLY CONNECTED , " The above passage in Mr . Drury ' s letter , taken in connection with the following passage in Mr . Duncombe ' s reply , is incontrovertible evidence on the necessity of a Trades ' Conference , apart from any assault that Government
may meditate against the interests of their order . We have always contended that the active power of capital is a more deadly and pernicious enemy to . the working classes than the most stringent legal , enactment ; and , therefore , we are happy to find our opinions confirmed by the good sense of a practical working man , as well as by the sound judgment of a legislator . The following is Mr . Duncombe ' s opinion as to the necessity of a Trades' Conference , apart from any consideration of legal enactment . He says ,
" you may rest assured that thought in the right direction , and acted upon wisely , is all that the Trades and industrious classes require to obtain for them , not only political emancipation , but some of those practical remedies which the men of Sheffield have so sagaciously adopted . I allude principally to their pJan of restriction , to which my attention was more immediately directed during the discussions of last session upon the " Factory" and " Masters and Servants" Bills .
In order to arouse the Trades and the working classes to a sense of their duty , the herald thus sounds the warning note . He says , "As to the tactics likely to be pursued In Parliament by the representatives of wealth , from certain speeches , letters , and publications that have recently appeared , and which leave little doubt in my mind , no time should be lost by the working classes to prepare for a bold . arid vigorous stand . " Now this is a timely forewarning and , no doubt , Mr . Duncombe see 3 in the recent brutal speech of Earl Fitzwilliam , the cringing letter of Mr . Ward , and the damnable philosophy of the Chambers ' , the flash that but precedes the law ' s thunder . Again Mr . Dcncombe . says , "I know of
no course ( excluded as the working classes are from the Parliamentary franchise ) better calculated to give effect to that object , than that which you suggest , viz ., that the wise and virtuous from all paris of the empire should meet by delegation at a conference in London ; where , co-operating with the Metropolitan Trades , they shall endeavour to devise such means as shall not only obtain protection to the sons of toil from that oppression and persecution , of . which , they have so long and so justly complained , but shall also tend to disabuse the public mind of those prejudices , which I regret to see are now so industriously encouraged against every combination but that of capital and of power . " ¦ ' - ¦
. Here , then , we have reasons cogent , strong , and all-sufficient to justify us in the belief and hope that the dull , the sluggish , and slothful armour of selfi mportance will be cast from th £ body of Labour , and that the active dress of agitation will be assumed in its stead . With these extracts we conclude our comment upon these two admirable documents : much higher in importance than all the Royal speeches that have been delivered for the last ten years . We do not regret the time being changed from February to Easter , a period when , apart from essential business of their own , the cheap trips may induce
thousands to visit the metropolis , and thereby considerably unit the expense consequent upon the delegation . We trust that the letters of Mr . Drury and Mr . Duncombe will be read at every public meeting of the Trades and working classes ; and that by next week we shallhavethe pleasing duty of recording the hearty thanks and cheerful response of the millions to their chief . We have been knocked off our high horse , but , determined to have a ride , we will see if the " workies" of London cannot , without a procession , be gratified with the , company of their leader at a tea
party at the Crown and Anchor , on Monday the 3 rd of February , the night previous to the opening of Parliament . We candidly confess that we had attached much importance to the proposed demonstration , but we attach much more to the necessity of following the advice of the acknowledged leader of the people ; and therefore , in our disappointment at the blow , we shall merely say with the Irishman , — " By Shasus , your honour , but I'd rather you'd knock me down , than that another should laugh in my face !"
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of the nation ; and thus triumphantly refutes the many absurd and ridiculous objections tirged by the Tory press of England against the principle of Universal Suffrage . The Pope , the Devil , and the Pretender could not have presented greater horrors to the imagination of our contemporary the Times , than Polk , the Oregon , and Texas . Nor could the great Wizard of the North , or any of our Christmas harlequins , have move magically dissolved the hobgoblinism . of the affrighted journalist , than has Mr . President Tyler dissolved this triple bugabooism . The increase of commerce , the prosperity of trade , the additional value given to Government securities , the termination
of hostilities with the India tribes , the preservation of universal peace , the ability to cope with the Queen of the Ocean , the increased facilities for the transmission of American produce , as well as for more extensive intercourse with all the other nations of the earth ; the certainty of annexing Texas to the United States without the dread of war ; the probability of settling the Oregon question without a recourse to arms , together with a prospect of completing such other measures as shall insure peace and prosperity to the New World—Mr . President Tyler ascribes the hope of being able to effect ono and all of those things to the Republican institutions by which the United States are governed .
Mr , Tyler ' s very statesmanlike method ot admimsteringthe retort courteous to the Tory press of England is dignified , masterl y ^ and unique . Of course it would be beneath the dignity of the chief magistrate of a great people to make direct allusion to those mouthing royalists , but mark how the critic lashos the hirelings . In speaking of the principles by which' the manufac turc 3 and commerce . of a country should be governed , Mi . Tyler says—Commerce and manufactures , which had suffered in common with every other interest , have once more revived j and the whole country exhibits an aspect of prosperity and happiness . Trade and barter , no longer governed by a wild and speculative [ mania , ^ rest upon a solid and subitantial footing .
No doubt Mr . Tyler had England m view when he penned the following admirable strictures upon the duties of Government . He says—The cardinal objects which should ever be held in view by those entrusted with the administration of public affairs , are rigidly , and without favour or affection , so to interpret the national will , expressed in the laws , as that injustice should be done to none—justice to all . This has been the rule upon which they have acted ; and thus , it is believed .
that few oases , if any , exist , wherein bur fellow-citizens > who , from time to time , have been drawn to the seat o government for the settlement of their transactions with the government , have gone away dissatisfied . Where the testimony has been perfected , and was esteemed satisfactory , their claims have been promptly audited ; and this in the absence of all favouritism or partiality . The go . vernment which is not just to its own people can neither claim their affection nor the respect of the world .
Mi . Tyler says , " the Government which is not just to its ownpeople , can neither claim their affection , nor the respect of the world . " How true and how applicable to our rulera is the above biting sarcasm ! And who can entertain a doubt that it was intended as a retort to the slavish English press , that preaches up the freedom of the people and daily lends its columns to the destruction of their every right ? And may it not be justly concluded , that the want of this fostering care , and the disregard of popular rights , has led to that fraternisation of kings and princes , by which tyrants hope to hold free thought in trammels , and to subjugate 'the rising genius of liberty by the sword and the cannon .
Again , what a full-length picture of our system and its consequences the President pourtrays in the following trite and undeniable paragraph . He
says—The dangers to be guarded against are greatly augmented by too large a surplus of revenue' 'When that surplus greatly exceeds in amount what shall be required by a wise and prudent forecast to meet unforeseen contingencies , the legislature itself may come to be seized with a disposition to indulge in extravagant appropriations to objects , mnny of which may—and , most probably , wouldbe found to conflict with the constitution . A fancied ex . pediency is elevated above constitutional authority ; and a reckless . and wasteful extravagance but too certainly follows . The important power of taxation , which , when
exercised in its most restricted form , is a burden on labour and production , is resorted to , under various pretexts , for purposes having no affinity to the motives which dictated its grant ; and the extravagance of government stimulates individual extravagance , until the spirit of a wild and illregulated speculation involves one and all in its unfortu . nate results . In view of such fatal consequences , it may be laid down as an axiom , founded in moral and political truth , that no greater taxes should be imposed than are necessary for an economical administration of the government ; and that whatever exists beyond should lie reduced or modified .
Those who have read our recent article upon Sir Robert Peel ' s Surplus , will have seen the striking similarity of thought that exists between ourselves and Mr . President Tyler upon this subject , while the concluding , portion of the paragraph assigns good and sufficient causes fov the debasement of the English character , the immorality and debauchery of the aristocracy , the cupidity and avarice of the mid die classes , and the consequent poverty and degradation of the poor , because
unenfranchised , people . Upon the whole we find much to congratulate the English people , who so nobly persevere in the struggle for their political rights , in the clear and comprehensive Message of the first magistrate of America . The manner in which the value of the Suffrage is laid down as the means of ensuring national prosperity , local happiness , and foreign respect and esteem , must convey to the mind of the most apathetic , the value to be attached to the-inestimable blessings of self-representation .
We long to receive the " little go " , of her Britannic Majesty upon the opening of the : approaching Session 7 and however war-ships , the cannon and the sword , her assurances of the amicable disposition of foreign princes towards her crown and person , and her tender solicitude about her subjects to be taxed , may tickle the ears and dazzle the eyes of hereditary legislators , and the nominees of landed proprietors and capitalists , yet will the national demand for
selfrepresentation break through all the tinselled and fascinating barriers that oppose it , and enable us ere long , under a Chartist Parliament , to demand from the Executive the developement of those measures , for the support of which the people are to he taxed , in the enactment of which the whole people shall have an equal share , and from the administration of which the blessings upon which Mr . Tyler congratulates his countrymen , may be conferred \ ipon our own .
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Mb . Alexander Campbell , Dundee . —We have received a letter from Mr . Campbell , containing a copy of a letter addressed by him to Mr . Clark , of the Executive , rather deprecatory of the interference of the English Chartists with the question of the Repeal of the Union ; and according to Mr . Campbell's desire , we should certainly have published his letter , had not recent circumstances determined us to take no further notice of the subject until we discovered some such change in the conduct of the leaders , as would inspire us with confidence in their sincerity , and a belief that the agitation was designed to serve some better purpose than the feeding of a set of poor idle gentlemen upon the gullibility of their enthusiastic and confiding dupes . We are willing to atone for the error into which we fell last summer in confiding in the extravagant declarations of Mr . O'Connell , while we think we stand justified in the plea that
¦ we thought it impossible that so much heartless and cold-blooded treachery could be practised by any mortal towards the brave Irish people ; however , if they prefer juggle and amusement to nationality and freedom , we have ne-Tight to complain . While , at the same time , we should have been guilty of gross dereliction of duty , had -we omitted to record our deep censure of the Governmen t prosecution of O'Connell and others ; and Mr . Campbell himself must have sufficient judgment to understand that nothing would have so much pleased Mr . O'Connell as the indifference of the English people upon a subject involving great constitutional principles : an omission of which Mr . O'Connell would have made a famous handle for the perpetration of hostilities between the people of both countries . We trust , then , our promise not to be again juggled ourselves , will furnish apology sufficient to satisfy our correspondent .
If Joshua . Stoiveh , , tailor , who lived at Asliccii-Knder-J-viiQ in 18-12 , ami went from tlicncc to Carlisle , itc , and wIkus supposed lit present to be in the neighbourhood of . Vewciistle-upon-Tyne , would communicate with James llcaton , I'iiwnbvoker , Clitiiwoe , he would hear of t-oiuulhhig to bis advantage . ]
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Thomas Coopeb , Bradford . —Mr . George White collected on Christmas Day 6 s . 14 d . from the mechanics , 2 s . 6 d . bom Mr . George Bishop , and various other sums at Mr . W . Gouldsborough ' s ; J . Alderson ' s , Hope and Anchor ; and other places , for Mr . Cooper , now confined in Stafford Gaol . He despatched 13 s . 6 d . to him on Dec . 26 th , and will forward the list to the Northern Star when complete . Further subscriptions received by G . White , J . Alderson , and W . Gouldsborough . Mr . John Clakk , district secretary of the Durham and Nor thumberland Mines , desires us to say that he has received fis ., collected at the Ship , Steclhouse-lane , Biv-¦ mingham . Mb . BtACKsnAW . —It is impossible for us to post any other paper than the Star . Some postman changes it . let Fora write to the General Post Office if it occurs again . - „ _ Henry Couanson , late of Hull—The letter of December 3 rd does not contain the address . Send it , and
you will have an answer . Db . M'Douall and the Glasgow Chartists . —On Thursday morning we received several letters upon the subject of a conversation referred to in the address of the Executive of last week between Dr . M'Douall and one of the Glasgow Chartists . Our correspondents are aware that communications from individuals should be sent to the office at the latest on Wednesday . We should willingly give insertion to the correspondence referred to this week , was it in our power to do so . For tho present , however , we must content ourselves with an abstract of the points contained in each , allowing them to speak for themselves fully next week , when we shall publish them at length . Dr . M'Douall thinks the right course would have been to have
transmitted the private letter written to Mr . Clark to him for reply . He denies the accuracy of the information given to the Executive . He states that all attcmpts . to fraternise England and Scotland having failed , that he looks to the fraternisation of all nations as the best mode of securing Chartist principles . We beg to keep the essential reason assigned by the Executive for the publication of the document in question clearly in view namely , the desire to ' make it so public , as that Dr . M'Douall should have the opportunity of explaining , not to an individual , but to the public . A ! course which , in our judgment , is pre-eminently calculated to guide all parties to right conclusions . Mr . Smith , the secretary of the Glasgow Chartists , has also written upon the subject ; his letter shall appear in oui next .
Mr . Smith states that his letter , not being intended for publication , might have been written unguardedly , but that the essential facts of the correspondence are correct . He also states , that on . the 16 th of December , he wrote another , letter to Mr . Clark , mentioning circumstances which partly altered the opinions contained in his first . We have also received a letter from Glasgow , bearing the signature ' s sf Duncan Sherrington , Hobert Burrell , and James Livingstone , all of whom state that they were present at the conversation , when Mr . Kidd defended a national organization , and upon afullexplanation ; the ' difference of opinion between the Doctor and the others was not very material . They state that
Mr . Smith is a man of superior character , and that there is not one in Glasgow who exerted himself more to further and assist the mission of Dr . M'Douall . We have also a lottBr&om Thomas Whilton , chairman of the Dundee Association , in which' he states that the Doctor ' s lectures at Dundee had done much good , and regrets the publication of Smith ' s letter . All these letters shall appear in . our next , and with them the matter , as far as the Star is concerned , shall terminate . This course we eonsidop the wisest , while , if the Executive had withheld the communication , even from a private source , perhaps , we might have been dragged into a long controversy between parties amongst whom there appears to exist but a trifling difference of opinion .
Communications Withheld , —Owing to press of matter we are compelled to withhold the following communications till next week : — -Mr . O'Connor ' s letter on Mr . Duncombe ' s intended motion in the House of Commons for the Repeal of the Hate-paying clauses in the Reform BiU ; Mr . Clark ' s letter to the Chartists of Scotland ; the Address of the North Lancashire Delegates ; and the Address to the Journeymen Tailors . George Bdbt , Glasgow . — "With' every wish to publish the favours of our friend , we must decline inserting his present communication . It contains too much of blood and murder , and is too like the preceding year ' s '' retoosneet" to be suitable . Try again .
The Wat to Cube" the Messbb . Chambebs . —A correspondent writes as folloSvs : — -Would it not be strict justice to the Messrs . Chambers to try to convince them that there is some virtue in Labour Unions , by some party or person undertaking to supply the masses with literary'food from another source than the Edinburgh manufactory ? Some 20 , 000 or 30 , 000 journals sold less weekly , would , you may depend on it , sir , db much towards restoring the Messrs . Chambers to their senses . Hoping this \ yill meet with the attention of my " Order , " I beg to subscribe myself , one who used to take in " Chamber ' s . " '
Wm . Stobbinqs , Tonbridge Wells . — Inadmissible . CiPTAiu Francisco Makgabit . —In the Star of the 7 th of December appeared a paragraph , setting forth that Captain Magarit was about to proceed to Spain , and soliciting assistance from the lovers of freedom for that gentleman . The paragraph was in several particulars incorrect . Captain Margarit had intended to return to his own country , but unfavourable circumstances prevented the fulfilment of his intentions . He has not left England , nor does he intend doing so while Englishmen will afford hini a refuge against the deadly per- , secution of the tyrants who at present trample upon Spain , Captain Margarit takes this opportunity of returning his heartfelt thanks to his London friends for their sympathetic aid , and gratefully acknowledges
the following donations subscribed by them : —Received from Mr . Wheeler , 7 s . Gd . ; Somers Town Chartists , 2 s . 6 d . ; collected at the Northern Star Soiree , £ 1 7 s . ; from other London Chartists ( locality not remembered ) , per Mr , Wheeler , 7 s . All letters for Captain Margarit to be addressed to the care of Mr ; Julian Harney , 17 , GreafWindmill . street , Haymarket , London . Shocking Death of Mb . Lomax , the Miners ' Lecturer , and anoiher Miheb We have rnseived the following painful communication , to ^ tho latuiL part of which , affecting the relatives of poor Lomax , wo beg to request tlie special attention of the officers of the Miners ' Association ; hoping , ' at the same time , that the Miners will do their duty to the widow and children of poor Valentine , :
Radcliffe , December 31 . —The two persons whom you noticed in your last as being severely burnt by an explosion of fire-damp , in Mr . Grundy's Colliery , are both dead . Peter Valentine died on the 28 th ult . He has left a wife and eight children to mourn his loss . John Lomax died this day ; he has left an aged widowed mother , and some young brothers , ' . of whom lie was the chief support . He was a strong advocate of teetotalism , an honest Chartist , and a sincere champion of tha Miners' rights . I understand that there are a tew pounds due to him of his salary as Colliers' lecturer , in Staffordshire . If the same could be paid it would be thankfully received by his disconsolate and doubly . widowed mother . —Richabd Hameb , Thomas-street , Radcliffe- bridge , near Manchester . . *^ —
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Extensive Baw Robbery in Paris , — Narrow Escape of an Ixxocent Man . —The cashier of one of the public companies in Paris has just been ' . arrested on a charge of robbing his employers of 30 , 000 f . The case is rather a remarkable one , as showing the narrow escape of an innocent man . The desk of the cashier had been broken open , and the above sum , out of oO . OOOf . that it contained , was abstracted . The cashier made his declaration to tlie police , and the porter of the establishment , having a key of the room , was suspected . He was arrested , his lodging was searched , and in it was found a chisel corresponding exactly with tlu > marks on the desk where it had been forced . The poov fellow , however protested his innocence energetically , and entreated
the police to visit the lodging of the cashier before they committed hun to prison . Although no suspicion was entertained of the cashier , this was done but nothing was found to criminate him . Subsequently the police , having ascertained that his mode ot living was beyond his means , he was interrogated , and then confessed that he had stolen the money , and had adopted the means resorted to in tlie act in order to cause it to be believed that the robbery had been ettected by some other porswi . He stated that he had taken the money to Maisous Lafitte , and there buried it , ijiit on going to the spot with the police no money was Wind . _ The prisoner persisted in asserting that lie had buried it there , and said lie must have been seen doing so by some person , who had since removed it .
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Extensive and- Destructive Tire in Dumfries —On the morning of Wednesday last , 25 th of December , the extensive premises occupied by Messrs . Beck and Son , coachbuilders here , with their dVeuW house , were entirely consumed by fire . It may be stated that the premises front English-street , in which the dwelling-house was situated , and run bac k a considerable way towards New Market-street ; they consisted of workshops , storehouses , where varnish , turpentine , paints , and other inflammable materials were kept , and several large rooms , both on the ground floor and in the upper stories , filled with carriages and gigs of various descriptions , both new and old . When the alarm was given , and an entrance was effected to the premises , it was found that the fire was raging in a ' part of the building on tlie
west side , near New Market-street , lately occupied by Mr . Greig as a riding-school . The engines wens soon on the spot , and a supply of water procured in carts , while numbers of persons soon collected , able and anxious to assist in putting down the fire . It was accordingly proposed to cutoff the part of the building on fire from the other premises , if possible , and thus prevent it spreading farther ; but before any measures could be taken to effect tills desirable object , it was discovered that the centre part of the buildings , in which various combustible materials were kept , was also on fire ; and soon afterwards the fire was seen proceeding from tlie garrets of the dwelling-house . The destructive element , proceeding from so many different points , spread with such rapidity , that it soon became evident that the Messrs . Beck ' s premises could not be saved ; and the atfen . tion of those present was directed towards the preservation of the adjoining houses , as well as to the
stock and furniture m the burning buildings . In both of these objects the efforts made were successful , for although one small house adjoining was actuall y on fire , the flames were got under without much damage , while nearly the whole of the Messrs . Beck ' s furnitiireand a number of vehicles on the ground floors were saved . There are strong reasons for believing that the fire was not accidental , but wilfully produced . It broke out in several different places at or about the same time ; and a wood shed on the cast side of the premises , which was not burnt down , contained strong evidence that the hand of an incen . diary had been there at work . Among the buildings consumed is tho large show-room , in which Mr . O'Connor lectured the last time he was in Dumfries , when Parson Mackenzie , the Non-Intrusionist , so shamefully withheld the key of the Assembly Rooms , Assembly-street , after they had been engaged by the Chartist committee , and in defiance of his own manager , who had let the place for the occasion .
Execution op Mary Gallop , the Parricide . — Chester , Saturday . —The anxiety of all classes to ascertain the fate of tins woman was , until a late hour last night , great in the extreme ; for though , in the estimation of those capable of judging in such a matter , the petitions forwarded from this city for a mitigation of punishment were calculated to enforce the necessity of carrying the utmost rigour of the law into effect , rather than call for the exercise of that mercy to which they professed to appeal , yet it was considered that , under all the circumstances of the ease , a respite , at least , might have been expected . The document miscalled a " confession" of the miserable girl had no claim to that character ; it was , as Mi . Rowe , a Dissenting minister , who assisted in " getting it up , " has admitted , composed from a
series ot "leading" questions , to which the culprit merely replied : by the monosyllables "Yes" and "No , " while the questions themselves were inserted as her spontaneous avowals . Such serious matters should be superintended by better qualified persons than those whose zeal prompted interference on this occasion . But though suspense in tlie humane hope that capital punishment would not be inflicted thus prevailed , the authorities at the Castle were relieved of all doubt on the subject , by a communication received from Sir J . Graham on Thursday last , stating , that after due investigation of all the points urged in favour of tlie prisoner , together with tlie evidence adduced at the trial , it was deemed inconsistent with the duty of Government to arrest the course of law in this case , and the necessary preparations for
execution were accordingly made . The shock produced by the appaUing'intelligence was at the moment distressingly great ; but she soon rallied , and resumed the same calmness , almost' amounting to indifference and reservedness of manner , for which she had previously been so remarkably distinguished . As , in accordance with custom , the prisoner had to be removed to the city gaol , on the walls of which the dismal apparatus of death was erected , a short time after midnight Mr . Hill , the superintendent of police , proceeded to'the Castle . and produced an order for the delivery of the prisoner into his custody , and the wretched girl soon appeared , kindly supported by ; . Mrs .,, Bennion , the matron , to -whom , she . clung as if dreading the moment of separation . The matron , having placed a thick veil over the head
and shoulders of her unfortunate charge , resigned her to . those who were to form her escort , and she was lifted into a , small chaise cart . Mr . Rowe , the Dissenting minister , took Jus seat on her left-hand , at her especial request , and police-sergeant Dolierty sat on her right ; and thus , with a number of policemen on ^ each side , Mr . Haswell , the governor of the city gaol , and Mr . Hill , walking behind , she proceeded slowly onward through the silent streets . On arriving before the city gaol the gibbet suddenly met her view , and all her fortitude seemed to forsake her . It was with difficulty that she was saved frbin falling brward , and when the cart stopped she was so utterly helpless that Mi \ Hill took her in his arms and carried her up stairs . She was taken to a room , in which the matron and the wife of the governor
awaited her , and immediately paid her the kindest attentions . At about half-past eleven o ' clock this morning the prisoner was led between her two female attendants to the chapel , where prayers were offoved up , after which the sacrament was administered by the Rev . Mr . EatOn , the chaplain of the gaol ; during the whole of which the unhappy prisoner seemed overwhelmed by the sense of her dreadful situation . She was soon afterwards re-conducted to the apartment she had left , where a short time was , a < rain devoted to prayer . But the . awful moment was then % t approaching ; the executioner entered and pinioned her amis as she sate , and , finding her ! quite
incapable of standing , she was earned in a chair and placed under the fatal beam . The cord was quickly adjusted ; her spiritual teachers uttered their parting words of consolation ; the executioner asked anu obtained her pardon ; shook her hand with all the kindness he could assume , ' and left her ' alone upon the scaffold . The next instant the bolt was drawn , and then the . awful , plunge—the mortal stniL'srle ( which , in consequence of the little fall afforded by ficr sitting posture , was of frightful duration)—the equally appalling stillness that succeeded , when the convulsion of the countenance and the quivering of the limb announced that suffering was at an end , — and all was over .
Poisoning in France . —A trial in a case of poisoning occupied the Court Of Assize of the Haufc Pyrenees on the lTth , 18 th , and 19 th inst . Tlie prisoner was a woman named Chambriet , the wile of an innkeeper at Bonnefont . It appeared from the evidence that the husband and wife had been living for a long-time on very bad terms , in consequence of the vicious courses of the latter , and that she had repeatedly threatened to destroy him . One of her lovers declared that she had told Mm in plain terms that she intended to poison her husband , but , upon his expressing himself In terms of warm indignation against so horrible a project , she left him under the impression that she had abandoned it . Subsequently to this , however , she purchased some arsenic and administered it to her husband in his soup . ' lie was taken very ill , but an offimv d& sanu w ; i 3 called in , and . by liis treatment , although he was ignorant that poison had been administered to the husband ; thelatter was so relieved as to be out of danger . On this
occasion lus wife appears to have had some remorse ot conscience , for medical aid was applied . for by herself ; but the return to bettor feelings was of short duration , fov before tlie husband was in a fit state to leave his bed she gave him another dose of arsenic , and it was with the greatest difficulty that the curS of the commune , who called and saw the victim , could induce her to send for a physician . Before the physician could ' arrive , the husband was dead . Tho wife being accused of the crime by public rumour , tho authorities interfered , arrested the woman , and had the bod y of the deceased examined . Large quantities of arsenic were found in it , and in his pocket was found a paper containing some of that poison . ' This , it was proved , had been placed there bv the wife , in order to lead to a belief that he had purchased the arsenic himeelf , and committed suicide . She was found guilty , butthejury , being opposed to cap ital punishment , returned their verdict with extenuating circumstances . She was , therefore , sentenced to imprisonment for life , with hard labour . ' '
Confession op a Murderer . —During the last few days William Kendrew , the murderer of Mr . "t Inchbald , of Low Dunsforth , near Boroug hbridgf * under the instruction of the Rev . Thomas Button , the chaplain at the Castle , has exhibited a gwatfj degree of penitence than might have been expectwafter the indifference he has manifested since I " conviction . Last week he caused a letter to uo written to his friends , in which he stated that he was innocent of the crime , but on Thursday last lie ma " a verbal confession to Mr . Sutton , of which the . »^ lowing is the purport : —He stated that a fort "' p" * before the murder , Mr . Inchbald had thmitcncd » have him transported for poaching before the exP " ration of three months . ' in consequence of which . " ^
( kendrew ) on the 28 thof September , lay mwaitw « - Mr . Inchbald , and having arrived at the place described at the trial fired and hit him in the bacKi Mr . Inchbald then turned round , when Konuitrff discharged the second barrel , and wounded lum m the left arm . Not being satisfied with this , he went up to the unfortunate manwhilst he > was lying on tic ground , and struck him with the butt end ol the gun . lh : Inilibald then , although so" seriously wounded , got up and followed Kowdreir , who iminwliatcly went Into tho fields and haw no more ot the deceased , The culm-it asserted that he had no intention ol robliiiio- Mr . [ iieJibald , ; but that he had committed tho deed entirely out of ' revenge for the threat which he hail used towards him . — Fork JIaxtld .
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SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE . More Shjfwkecks .-Late on Sundav night week a schooner , the Minerva , belonging to St . Ives wundered off St , Eval ' s Head . She was laden with copper ore from Wales , and a heavy gale springing up onthenightprevious , shesprungaleak , and although the pumps were worked , the water so rapidly gamed upon them in the hold that the crew , for the preserration of life , took to the boat , and witbin a quarter of an hour afterwards she ^ nk mto deenjaten On Sunday a shipwreck , very marly atteiuled with themost lamentable results , happened on the ^ asto 1 Ennismore , Ireland , to theLadvGwec , aschoonei , bekm"in" to Kilrush . She was from Glasgow , run-Sg S tLlport , when , by woo «^*? gft was driven bv a north-easterly gale upon a reef of r ^ SSoTlIinehead . afcwiui csfi-omEnnismore necrewwerc lashed to the nggmg and after great difficultyweresaved , andgotashore EarlyouMonday morning a fine new barque , called the Taegar , Captain Re ^ dington master , belonging to Liverpool , was wreched on tlie Blackwater Bank . There being much wind from ihe eastward , and much surf among the breakere , the crew took to the boats , and succeeded in reaching the shore in safety . The week lies in a most dangerous position , and there is no doubt will shortly go to pieces . A large Prussian steamer , named the Prince , is announced 1 a be wrecked near MongCHOk . She is valued at £ 17 , 000 , but there is no knowing as yet whether any lives are lost .
In the course of Christinas-day a small vessel , supposed to be named the Joseph , is reported to have been lost , with- all hands , at the back of Pendennis Castle , a large quantity of wreck having been found washed up on the beach . Other two vessels are lost , the Helen ( William Miles ) , of London , and the Wua rod , of Aberdeen , both wrecked on the northern coast . Tlie ship Francis , of Liverpool , Captain Shap , sunk in Mumble Bay in October last , having a valuable cargo of copper ore from Valparaiso , bound to Swansea . The crew of the American liner , Elizabeth , wrecked a few weeks since , and who were supposed to have perished , it is now ascertained were picked up and all saved .
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MR . PRESIDENT TYLER'S MESSAGE . The practice of saying less than nothing in those royal speeches by which our Houaes of Parliament are annually opened , has been variously commented upon . The old maxim " Vir sapit qui pauca loquitur "— " the man is wise who speaks but little "—has , we presume , given rise to those very meagre royaj prologues with which the national farce of legislation is annually preceded . In a country like England , where taxation upon the many for the benefit of the
few surpasses all other nations upon earth , her people , who are to pay those taxes , might veryfraturally expect such a bill of fare as would satisfy them that the banquet to be paid for was one in which those who were to discharge the bill were to have some share . Indeed , we have always thought that every measure , Jsuch as Coercion , Starvation , Masters' and Servants' Bills , Arms Bills , and the like , should be referred to in the royal speech , in order that the people might have an opportunity . of knowing the extent and value of those measures which they are called upon to support .
The perusal of Mr . President Iyijcr s Message to the American Congress may give us some notion of the reasons whymonarchsare in general so very brief upon political topics ; and any one who reads the admirable Message of the American President , will discover the great advantages that a Republican form of Government possesses over all others . True , it is long , but the various matters therein discussed are one and all of national importance , and such as should not be withheld from the knowledge of those whose interests are mainly involved in the several questions . Instead of devoting the first portion of his Message to the gratifying intelligence that " he
continues to receive the most friendly assurances from all foreign powers , " the Chief Magistrate of a free people commences by directing public attention to those free institutions by which all foreign powers are compelled to pay rospect and homage to the united voice of a people who are all equal in the eye of the law , and all equally represented in the constitution . It is that portion of the President ' s Message to which we would direct the especial attention of our readers , because , from its perusal , they wilj receive the best answer to the many charges and lamentations of the Tory ' press of England , against the means resorted to to procure a fair representation of the national will in the person of Mr . Polk .
When Mr . President Iylkb speaks of one of the most important questions submitted to Congress—tho annexation of Texas—lie boldly defends his own policy upon the subject , by reminding Congress that lie has appealed irom the decision of the Senate to t 4 ie voice
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v MONIES RECEIVED BY MR . O'CONNOR . FOE EXECUTIVE . £ s . d . From a few female friends , Dundee .. .. 0 3 C From the Chartists of Penzance , per J . P . O'Brien 0 10 0 THOMAS COOPEK . From 6 . C , Sheffield , per Mr . West ., .. 0 10 DCNCOMBE TESTllIOXIAL . From a few Chartist friends at Stokesley , per William Hebdon 0 10 0 RECEIPTS PER GENERAL SECRETARY . SUBSCRIPTIONS , s . d . s . a . Stratford ( six weeks ) 1 6 Camberwell 16 Alva ( three months in Longton 6 0 advance )* 9 G CARDS . Tillicoultry 3 0 Colsnaughton 3 0 Alva 4 0 DONATIONS , John Gideon , Barnard John Vrrathall . 10 Cattle .. 1 0 Todniorden 9 0 All localities who are indebted for cards or subscriptions are requested immediately to transmit the same , as the Treasurer has a heavy bill for printing , which must be immediately discharged . It is also requested that the localities furnish themselves with the Registration and Account Book ( price four shillings ) , ordered by the late Convention , as the Executive have experienced a heavy outlay in procuring them to be printed . THOMAS M . WHEELER .
The Northern Star. S Aturday , January 4, 1845.
THE NORTHERN STAR . S ATURDAY , JANUARY 4 , 1845 .
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— -j- ^ gSggggggggi 2 ^ January 4 , 1845 THE NORTHERN STAR- : _
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 4, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1296/page/4/
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