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THE -NORTHERN. STAR. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1845.
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fi'j? 3to Ueafcera anU ^otre0uoutjc«@
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE . A Vessel Rus Dows . —Bhotal Coxppci . —W ? subjoin an accoititW the' loss of " a beautifbl little dipper cntter , the Design , belonging to WMtetable , WTCambarn , master ; Messra . Deane and Edwards , ownr-. * . The cotter Design was built by Mr . James Da-ilels , of Wlutstnbie , . iu < l hi respect to her sailing qualities , beauty , anustraurth , was the pr . de oi tne wrx . Tins' vessel was from Terceira with a cargoot fruit ior London , and was proceeding up channel until a Seabreeze at south bv east , when , arriving an Exmonth about one o ' clock on Friday inornins , tfte lflthalt ., ata distance of about 30 miles from the land , sue * . vas run into with a most tremendous crash bvalanrebarquename unknown , ranniiigdowr . chan-¦
, nel before the wind , and immediately euuk . iae perishing crew , at the utmost strength oJ their voices , raised one general crv to the barque for assistance . The mate , throwing ofr his boots and clothes , jumped i-to tie sea , and swam , away in hopes 01 being picked up bv the barque , and fearing the vortex ' . voulu carry him down . At the same moment the remainder of the crew , five in number , with the greatest perseverance asd presence of mind , reached their boat , which wa 3 secured on the hatches , and with a very small pocketknife succeeded in cutting through the lashings just at the very instant the vessel sunk from under their feet . The plugs bciug both out , two of the men thrust their thumbs into the plug-holes , and partly prevented the water from rushing in , while the three
other people w . ere engaged extricating the boat from the entanglement of the vessel ' s sails and rigging as she sunk to rise no more . This was a work of great difficulty , as Hie boat got between the shrouds and the mast . The boat being clear , their attention was instantly directed to the drowning mate : they found him nearly exhausted , and struggling with the waves among a number of looseartielesthat floated froin the ¦ wreck , and hastily pulling him into the boat , they Immediately followed the destructive barque , rowing with two oars double-banked all the time , as from the first moment of the collision , halloing and calling vociferouslv for assistance ; but the ears of , the
merciless master and the crew , although long within tail and sight , were alike deaf to the cries of distress . The miscreants shivered theirsails for afew minutes , when , seeing the boat approach them , and detection certain , they in the most ruthless manner filled their sails aud proceeded on their course , without lowering a boat or making the slightest cfibrt to save the Tinhappy crew . The ill-fated crew rowed all the night as near as they could judge toward shore , with a sea running that frequently threatened to fill the boat , until nine a . m ., Vhenthey were picked up by the smack Britannia , of Weyinouth , James Moore , master , by whom they were very kindly treated , and safely lauded at " \ YcmoutL— -fifoiffcA Gazette .
Fatal Shifwbeck . —The American brig Gazelle , Captain Philbrook , fi-oin Bangor , United States , bound to Port-au-Prince , was capsized in lat . 30 , long . 6 ^ , on the lnoraiu" ofDecember 12 , while Jying-to in a gale of wind . She immediately filled with water , turned bottom up , but soon righted again , with the loss of three men . The decks were swept of everything moreable , and the bulwarks gone . The rest of the crew stuck to the wreck , on whiektkey remained twenty-four days , during which ' time their sufferings from the absence of water were intense . No less than June vessels passed them during this period , without affording the least relief . Two men were stationed on . tke rigging constantly making signals of distress . Onthejllth day a piece of canvas was
affixed to the mainmast , which was intended to serve as a bncketto catch what rain water might run down the isast . The only provisions were a few beef bones asdpork rinds . * On the 6 th of the present month the American ship Tamerlane , Captain Theobald , from Savannah , bound to Liverpool , hove in sight , bore down , and took off the famished wretches , and brought them to this port . At the time of their rescue , almost every inch of clothing had disappeared from their backs—their frocks bemgtheonly covering . Their bodies resembled in colour and appearance marble statues rather than those of living men . Jvothirijr , accordins tothe statement of the suravora ,
could exceed the kindness of the good Captain Theobald . He caused then' bodies to be rubbed with camphorated spirits ; he led them sparingly at first , and only allowed , them a pint of water daily until they began to improve under his hands , when he gave iheni a more generous diet . Our excellent townsman , Charles Ware , who has always a hand open as melting charity for merit , in whatever shape lie finds it , has opened a subscription at his office , Waterioo-road , for the relief of the unfortunate Captain Fhilbrorik . The amount already exceeds £ 25 , and it promises to be more substantial . It ought to be so . —Liverpool C / ironicfeof Saturday .
Hureicaxb is xhb MEDllEKBANXiX . —The Journal des Biksls publishes the following extract from a letter dated Hyeres : — " A most violent hurricane burst over the harbour of Hyeres during the night of the liih inst . Of fifty ships anchored in the port every one experienced serious injury . " The same journal states that the violent south winds which have prevailed for some time have caused considerable damage to the port of Toulon . The jetty at Castignean has been thrown into the sea , its quays much injured , aa& a tottery of four pieces of cannon ¦ entirely demolished . A letter dated Cette , 16 th uit ., published in the Journal des Debate , contains the
following statement : — "About ten o ' clock this morning , xhesun shining brightly ,. a terrific phenomenon made Its appearance . A meteor having the appear ance o } a star , shining in the midst of the heavens and Sylng in the direction from north to west , described in its rapid course a segment of a luminous circle . Having reached the limit of the horizon the mctco : * terminated in the form of a pear , and then its brightness assumed an unearthly appearance . The base wns innged irith small globes of a silvery white , and contrasted in a striking manner with the species of tube formed by the naming train , which was of the brightest red . "
storm at Liverpool—Monday . — = We were visited on Saturday night , aud almost without intermission until an advanced Lour yesterday morning , with a dreadful gale from the north-west , the violence of VfMca , as it howled along- the streets , strongly reminded us of the memorable storm in January , 2839 . The damage in Liverpool has been , comparatively speaking , of trifling extent , the vessels in port having ridden out the gale gallantly . Several of those in the Prince's and George ' s docks have been chafed and otherwise slightly injured , but , with ibis exception , they have escaped without damage . In the town a small building , used as a blacksmith ' s shop , in Parliament-stveet . opposite St . Barnabas' Church , was
blown down , a large wooden paling , erected in the yard of tlie Fever Hospital , Mount-pleasant , was carried away , and sundry slates and chimney tops were ecareyed to considerable distances by the impetuosity of the gale . But , if we have escaped so fortunately here , we fear that the accounts this week toll convey melancholy intelligence of the loss of life and property in the Channel and along the coast . As . yet we have only heard of the loss of one vessel , the ¦ Manchester , of London , Hall master , which sailed from Liverpool for Calcutta on Saturday last , with a general cargo , and went down on Holy-bank . The following letter on the subject was posted in the Tjndenrritera ' -room 3 yesterday : —
Sunday morning , naif-past Ten . Sir . —About Lsb ' -past fiplit A . M ., I obserrcd a vessel iiosiijs ;? 03 sb . cxe on > V , _ , i Ifoyle . I immediately ordered tec afc-ii : * « ut and to proceed to Olu Hovle . At this iiir . 6 a l ^> : feft Sis vC ccei and reached the Old Hoyle with all her crew , thirteen in number , and , -with the exception of tie iz& and two others , all are coining round ; and every Sttention is J&id to ^ tiie above tliree , frfio * I Iiave no doubt , in a few hours will be better . The vessel is the Man-Chester , of London , Captain Hall , bound to Calcutta ; general cargo . She is on the N . N . W . point of the bank , and is going fast on her beam-ends . In haste , lam , sir , your most obedient servant , B . Shekwoop .
From subsequent telegraphic communications , it appeared that the barque capsized and disappeared at V& . U ., and that the whole of the crew were landed safely on East Hoyle by the Holylake life-boat . The Idverpool life-boat went out to render assistance , but t ) y the time she had arrived the vessel had sunk , and the crew were saved . The Manchester was a fine new barque . Two other vessels sailed with the Man chester on Saturday—the Lochinvar , for A ew Orleans and the Valparaiso , for Valparaiso . Both have since returned to Liverpool . Yesterday morning , some time after she was due , the Iron Duke steamer arrived from Dublin . __ She experienced a dreadful night , and during the height of the gale one of her paddles sus tained some injury , and one of the sailors on board
liad his leg broken . The Maggie , of London , came pp the Mersey last evening , with loss of her maintopmast and both her anchors and cables , and with Borne injury to her stern . On Saturday evening the Athlone steamer sailed for Belfast , and had amongst her passengers die celebrated pianist , M . Thalfeerg , and the equally celebrated vocalists , Miss Birch , Miss Dolby , Mr . John Parry , and Mr . Calkin . Miss Birch ' s mother , and Mr . Calcott , the manager of the musical company , were also on board . The party bad performed at two grand concerts in Liverpool , lie second of which came off on Saturday morning sad were proceeding to Belfast for the purpose of performing at a concert of the Philharmonic Society ; of that town to-night . About five o ' clock last evening the Atblone returned to Liverpool , and immediately
after M . Thalberg and his friends drove to the Adelphi Hotel , where they described the sufferings they had undergone during the night as being of the most painful nature . ' It appears that they had succeeded in steaming in the teeth of the gale as far as the Isle of Man , but that they found it impossible to proceed further , and for four hours the captain considered the safety of the vessel in imminent periL The party seemea to have given up aUiopes of ever seeing land again , aid expected every moment to go to the bottom . Their joy at reaching their comfortable quarters in the Adelphi Hotel last night was unbounded . They congratulated each other on then * truly providential escape , and immediately despatched letters to their friends in LondoaajidOtt the Continent , to acquaint them of their safety . They have , for the present , we understand , given up their intention of viBBBg Ireland .
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—i ^^^^^^^^~™ ' ¦ i ¦ - ' *" ¦ ¦ i Shjfwbecs . —Thebrig Robert Burns , of Liverpool , 296 tons register , from St . Petersburgh to Liverpool , with a cargo of deals , sailed from Kathmulian , in Lough SwinV » at an early hour on Thursday morning last , ° in , as her crew supp ' osed , a , sea-worthy state . Shortly after sailing sue encountered very strong gales from the south-west ; and the ship labouring heavily , at frsvo p . m ., every effort was made to reach LocMndall , the nearest port , in order to save their lives and the ship , but all-the attempts of the crew proved fruitless , and at four o ' clock p . ji . the vessel was struck with a tremendous sea , and immediately
went on her beam-ends , the captain at this time being washed overboard . The crew lashed themselves to the mare chains , and remained in this perilous condition on the wreck , nearly dead from cold aud exhaustion , till they were picked up by the crew of the Perseverance , of Dumfries , John M'Gee master and owner , when they were taken on board his vessel , and landed safely by him in this city yesterday . Great praise is due to Captain M'Gee for his exertions , at the risk of Ins own life and that of his crew , in rescu ing ten fellow-creatures from a watery grave . The crew of the Robert Burns have been saved , but the captain perished . —Deny Sentinel .
Dovss , Jax . 2 ? . —On Sunday we were visited by a very heavy sea , and strong wind from the north-west , amounting to a gale , which continued throughout the day . The passage to the Continent has not been stopped , but the vessels have been longer on their voyage . Her Majesty ' s packet the Dover , arrived from Calais , after a boisterous trip , in five hours ; and her Majesty ' s packet the Widgeon did not arrive till two o'clock on Monday morning , having been twelve nwivs on her passage . " Towards midnight , the time T » f high water , the tide increased wonderfully , so much so that the piers and quays were all inundated , and by the violence of the sea in the inner harbour , part of the new quay in the pent , which is entirely stone , was washed down , and the Lord Sidmouth , a
large vessel , was carried into the interior of the place , where the extensive improvements are going on for the enlargement of the harbour There were about twenty-six feet water flowed , being eight feet more than die ordinary spring tides . It is about eight years since we had anything like the present . The Dover Telegraph office , and the houses in Snargatestreet , had several inches deep of water in them . A large brig , name unknown , passed this port in the afternoon , with loss of mainmast . The weather today ( Monday ) still continues stormy , accompanied by hail and snow . The City of London arrived from Boulogne this afternoon , bringing several passengers , in about tliree hours ; and , by information received on board , it is said that the -weather in Boulogne vf as extremely boisterous .
Toutos , Jan . 22 . —The steam-frigate Oronoque , Captain Poudra , anchored in the roads this afternoon , from Algiers , which place she quitted on the 19 th , having on board a regiment of the line . On the 20 th , the wind blowing a hurricane , and the sea running high , several of the soldiers sought refuge close to the case of the paddle wheels . This being perceived by the captain , orders were given for all the passengers to retire from the deck ; unfortunately , before he could be obeyed , a wave struck the stavboard side of the vessel and washed overboard four soldiers , who were returning to their homes , having served their time in Africa . At the moment of the accident the Oronoque was going ten knots an hour . i
Fatal Effects of a Storm . —Calais , Jav . 21 . —Yesterday the sudden storm that took place in the afternoon produced one of those disasters by which loss of life and property occurred , and probably without the immediate reason being ever ascertained . A lugger , or , as it is called here , a chasse-inaree , left Dunkirk in the morning , bound for Abbeville , laden with coals , salt cod , and brandy . From some unknown cause she cania on shore between four and five 'o ' clock , p . m ., to the eastward of the jetty , the wind blowing severely from N . N . E ., which ought to have enabled her to have pursued ier intended course . . After she struck on the sands ,
and was dimly seen through , the haze , the lifeboat anproached . Not a soul was seen on board , and it became useless , in suck a hea % 7 sea , to ran the risk of going on board , as the vessel was breaking up . It was once supposed that a man was seen attached to the inast by a rope . Such , however , was not the case , and there can be no doubt that the crew have perished , for so violent was the wind that they could not have escaped , even had they taken to the small boat . "What renders the supposition more reasona ble is , that a boy picked up a nve-franc piece close to the vessel when the tide was out . It was ascertained by the ship ' s papers , washed on shore , that there were four men and a boy on board .
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THE TRADES CONFERENCE . Tub Trades having selected a period of comparative " prosperity" as the time for holding a Conference , wherein the several matters interesting to their body can be discussed , have at least purged then : proceedings of all suspicion that hunger alone can move the Working Classes . True , when the people were poor 3 nd hungered , Chartism was described as '' the howl of the hungry . " We never denied the assertion ; but , on the contrary , admitted that social suffering and inequality- always led to political discussion . And
out of those discussions has arisen a principle , the justice of which is so strongly impressed upon the national mind , that we have now no reason to quarrel either with the past suffering or with those who characterised ouv movement as a hungry howl . Satisfied then , as we were , even with a bad state of things that induced thought and discussion which led to the almost universal adoption of a great principle , we are much better satisfied with the prospect of forthcoming events , which are not shadowed forth in squalid wretchedness and misery .
The "howl of the hungry" for foodisadangerouB assailant : but may be met by the crushing force of organised authority , to the total subversion of the " ordinary law . " When what is called a " mob , " clamours for food , and assumes a threatening aspect ) the " necessity" for instant suppression binds every faction in the State together : and under their combined influence , unking examples and prompt barbarity are represented as the perfection of humanity . The inevitable tendency of such a reverse is to dispirit , wesdren , convulse , andultimately destroy the Movement Party . On the other hand , men who leave their homes in obedience to the summons of their fellowa in timea of comparative " prosperity , " with .
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the view of maturely considering how , without recourse to ^ jiolence . or . eyen declamation , . they -may = present a sufficient amount of combined knowledge and power to insure their fair share of the growing " prosperity" of the country , must be regarded by all parties in the State as the representative power of the republic of Labour , met to devise means for carrying into effect what the legislature itself has characterised as just , but what its ignorance of all the ramifications of industry could not reduce to . practice .
We cannot , then , contemplate a more interesting spectacle than such an assemblage as the forthcoming Conference shadows to the imagination . The various assaults recently made by Government and Capitalists on the rights of Labour , could not possibly fail to produce some opposition to the lewd and reckless course . of the protected oppressor ; while the sluggish motion of a sluggish body has been quick ened into activity by the complete failure of all its past skirmishes Jwith a too powerful , because thoroughly united foe . To' censure such a project
openly , would be to court unpopularity and create suspicion : and , therefore , many who would gladly avert the threatened danger to monopoly , secretly ask " towhatcud this Conference is needed % " "Why disturb the public mind in the moment of ' prosperous' calm , when ail are in full work and at good wage ? " " The-Conferonce is premature , " saifch another . ' And why not wait till Government has manifested some further hostile intention ? " chimes in a third ; and "It is a purely Chartist move , " roars out a fourth .
Now , in answer to these several speculative inquiries , and commencing with the first , we presume that the end contemplated is the establishment of some denned plan of operation , by which the industrious classes of this country shall be put in possession , not of a mere existence-standard of wage , based upon the calculation as to the smallest amount upon which peace and slavish labour can be preserved , ' but op their full sHABE . of that vast amount of national " prosperity " created and daily augmented'by their industry ; that the industrious alone shall not be the only sufferers from the caprice aud speculations of
others : to the end that the man who labours hardly and honestly shall have the same prospect as his employer of one day . retiring tea sweeter refuge than that seasoned ¦ with workhouse austerity . To the second we answer , that the moment of "prosperous " calm is not only the period , but is the only period , at which the philosophy of industry can be brought to bear against the audacity of wealth . The arguments coming from such a body , and at such a time , will carry with them the weight and importance of reflection , resolution , and self-esteem ; while to wait for the moment of adversity would give to the movement
a character of turbulence , recklessness , and declamation . Manufacturers are " prosperous "—landlords are "prosperous" —the Church is " prosperous" —all Classes of Capitalists are " prosperous ; " and they each use their " prosperity" to force additional security for their respective orders from the Prime Minister . Why , then , should not . those who are told to " Mow the example of then * superiors , " look upon the period of " prosperity" as the time calculated to give most weight to their proceedings . Moreover , the Trades , schooled in adversity , have learned to distinguish between permanent comfort
and mere casual relief . They know that the passing gleam of " prosperity" may ojiickly change into the dark cloud of adversity . To the third objection we answer , that the Conference is not premature . Better in such cases to be a year , or even two years before the tune , than one day " after the fair ! " True , the awe inspired in the Government by the very shadow of such a following substance may cause the Home Secretary to postpone or altogether forego his evil intentions , and then the Conference , as far as Government is concerned , will have secured prevention , instead of waiting to administer the cure .
Government is secret in its councils , and rapid in its execution ; and if apprised of the intention of the Trades to wait for the first manifestation of hostilities , the more active assailants would surprise the more sluggish enemy , and laagh their best endeavours to scorn . Moreover , as Mr . Druby has well laid it down in his letter , the Trades have more to apprehend from the assaults of griping Capitalists , than even from the machinations of Governments . " To
be forewarned is to ba forearmed ; " and hence we aver that the present is the fitting time for action . To the fourth objection we answer , it is not a Chartist move , further than the impossibility of separating the principles of justice from the rights of Labour . This is a bugaboo , always paraded , and not unfrequently successfully , to scare the timid from the performance of their own work . The Colliers' strike was not a Chartist movement ; nor did any speaker on the platform ever attempt to mix up the two questions : but the several delegates who assembled in London and elsewhere , were proud to bear honourable testi mony to the valuable support they received from the
Chartist body . The recent strike of the Building Trades in Manchester was not a Chartist movement ; and yet the Chartists were foremost in the battle of right against might ! Indeed , although charged with the crime [ of " obstruction , " we may proudly assert , that while Chartism has and ever will" ' abstruse * all humbugs , yet has it never , by an . indiscreet use of its power , extended injudicious aid to any section of labour struggling for i $ s rights . The Trades will find Chartism , as all others seeking for their rights have feund it , — -a zealous co-operator , a steady friend , and uncompromising advocate . In fact , Chartism is a terror to the evil-doer , and a tower of strength to the righteous .
So far we have stripped this magnificent national figure of the old bugabooism—Chartism . And now we would advert to those subjects which must be eventually discussed and legislated on by the Trades . Firstly , the question of restriction ; and how far , if there are tliree hundred persons in one trade earning a certain amount of wage for twelve hours' labour per day , and one hundred become " surplus , " either by the application of machinery , foreign competition , or slackness in trade ; hm , in such case , a restriction of the hours of labour to eight hours , instead of twelve , shall turn the idle " surplus" into active labourers , and still preserve the same amount of wage—not the same amount that the two hundred-received to be
divided " amongst the three hundred ; but the same amount of wage for each of the three hundred for eight hours' work that eaoh of the three hundred received for the twelve hours' work . This question of restriction . is one—is the one—upon which the most interested discussion will take--place : and for this reason ; in many trades , where there is no great " surplus , " the false notion will be entertained that a restriction of labour in such cases must result in a reduction of wages . It is , in truth , from such feelings that our only doubts arise : from the apprehension that much personal interest , or even sectional interest , may be mixed up with the general question of the labourer ' s fair share of national wealth , and national improvement .
If , however , we start difficulties , we strengthen the necessity for a Conference of those who will better understand them than ourselves , and are therefore more capable of adjusting them . Another question will be , the best mode of relieving those in full employment from the competition of an unemployed " surplus , " or of the necessity of so far supporting them in idleness , as to guardagainst their competition . Now these two questions of " restriction" and " surplus" are those which must be promptly met and vigorously dealt with by the Trades of this country . If such a
channel can be opened for the " surplus" of each trade as will relievethe employed from their competition , the principle of restriction , mainly superinduced by the necessity of supplying work for the . unemployed , may then , assume the character of positive good , instead of , as now , of negative evil . If the " surplus" were provided for , the employed would not then be compelled to resort to restriction to protect themselves against competition ; but in such case they may use restriction as a means of balancing ac counts between employer and employed . Thus : they may establish the day ' s labour at the number of
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hours that circumstances justly warrant , whether times be brisk-or ? times be-skefc ,-rand then , * without further interference of the body , each man wishing to work beyond the legitimate day may do so , and receive the advantage himself , instead of being compelled to give it for the support of a competitive idle
reserve . The Trades will at once see , then , that the question of providing for the " surplus" is in reality the all-absorbing consideration that should interest them . Not the providing for the " surplus " out of the wages of the employed , which would be most unjust ; but to open and protect such new field for industry as may be opened out for all that
are disinherited by the present system . So delicate are we of introducing what the enemies of Labour may be pleased to denominate our " peculiar crotchet , " that we shall content ourselves with merely arousing thought , to the end that it may be directed to the proper point ; as doubtless , tract upon tract , essay upon essay , and pamphlet upon pamphlet , will be written for the guidance and mystification of the assembled delegates .
The next point , and what has hitherto appeared of surpassing interest to the body , will doubtless be the mode by which the strike of one trade , if justifiable , shall be sustained , tvot by ttve AndmduaL trade , but by the whole national body . The question of . "surplus , " if satisfactorily arranged , may render even discussion upon the latter point altogether unnecessary . Such we trust will be the case ; because after long and anxious consideration , we have come to the conclusion that the details to work out this latter principle would be complicated , always unsatisfactory , never truly applicable , and leading to those eternal
squabbles , which sooner or later would perhaps end in the destruction of that kindly feeling which now socheeringly manifests itself among the body . We do not say that the Building trades , the Iron trades , the Manufacturing operatives , the Potters , and all those consisting of different branches dependant upon each other , and assimilated in interest , may not adopt the plan of associated pi * otection against individual injustice . ' . However , the point is one of such complexity and nicety , that the Trades should bestir themselves in time to deliberate upon and discuss it , together with the several other questions likely to be submitted to their deliberation .
Regardless of the taunts of interested factions ,-we shall take care to lay our thoughts before the body . They may deal with our suggestions as they see fitting . The only share that we shall claim in that glorious victory that must result from theirperfect combination is , that we have done all in our power to aid and facilitate , and nothing to retard or complicate , the project . We feel assured that the following communication upon the subject will be hailed with , eutlux siasm and delight : —
" At a delegate meeting of Miners , held at Bacup , on Monday last , it was unanimously resolved , that Mi ' . John Berry should be in London on Saturday , the 1 st of February , to attend the tea party in honour of Labour ' s Champion , T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., on Monday next , aud to remain there to aid the Trades delegates in maturing their , plan for a National Conference , when three , or twelve delegates , if necessary , shall be sent to represent the Miners' body ; as they hail the projected movement as one pre-eminently calculated to insure for the industrious of all classes that share of the country's ' prosperity' to which they are pre-eminently entitled . "
Resolved as we were to abstain from any comment on the comparative merits of the several Trades , we had , however , a lurking notion that the Miners' attorney-general and his underground stragglers would be the first among the foremost to join in a social struggle for those social advantages to which they justly think they are fully entitled . Here , then , is the unquiet underground rumble , spreading over the face of the'earth , demanding justice for all ; and we
are not sorry that our old and dear friends the Miners , have been the first to flash light upon the benighted surface . To the Miners we say , "Well done , good and faithful men ; " and to all others we aay , " Go , and do likewise . " The result of proper exertions will be a happy land from an aggregate of happy homes—peace through prosperityprosperity through industry — and contentment through the administration of justice .
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British Minister . The mowed iatevests have relied upon-the-commerckrcqnfidencerrestored by the prime hook-keeper of England . The ' . landlords tolerate him as an agricultural steward , lest his successor may be worse than himself ; while the " noble avmy of mavtyrs , " preferring "half a loaf" to wo bread , look upon him as a choice of evils : and backed as he is by the sycophantic supporters of "tilings as they are , " he might yet waddle through all the intricacies of domestic faction , but for the threatening aspect of foreign affairs .
The election of President Polk was but the foretaste of that anti-English policy now manifesting itself in American councils ; while the virtual defeat of Guizot in the Chambe of Deputies on the question of compensation to the missionary bagman , Mr . Pritchard , is calculated in its consequences to destroy the amicable Royal feeling between our Queen and the "King of the Barricade ; " an alliance on which the peace of Europe was said to depend : and should the restoration of the Thiers party be the ultimate result of Guizot ' s defeat , there is little doubt that that anti-English feeling , so strongly manifested of
late , will but add new perplexities to the policy of our commercial Prime Minister . To all these foreign omens the resignation of the Right Honourable Mr Gladstone , superinduced ho doubt by the anti-Catholic policy about to be attempted by Sir Robert Peel for the tranquillization of Ireland , and a fair guess may be made from foreign omens and domestic signs , at the sessional labour cut out for Sir Robert . The hope that the simultaneous extension of railroads in France , England , and Ireland , anjj the consequent employment of the Working Classes , however it may quiet the turbulent . spirit of -Englishmen and Irishmen , will fail of producing a similar effect
upon the excitable elements of French--society ; and therefore do we look with surpassing interest to the foreign omens as signs of domestic change . Before we again appear in print we shall have had an opportunity of judging the effect produced by the threatening appearance of foreign affairs on the mi 7 id (!) of " Her Majesty ; " or at least upen the minds of her Ministers . From that , however cautiously the truth may be veiled , we may gather something of ministerial foreboding ; while , for the reasons we have as * signed , we may anticipate a sudden burst of those warning elements , to control which Sir Robert Peel will require the vie of even more than fa ' s ordinary caution .
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mnSy ^ om ^^^ ' -Andthou shalt teach them diliL « 7 *> dren , audshalt talk of them when t ^ **» ft . .. house , and whea thou walkest bv th ^ JJJ N j ([ ** Now we would ask the Ardagh par ' " * mitting the rights of Irishmen to 1 ^ ° ? ° Vcil a 4 . defined and protected as those of the ^ U Israel were in obedience to the pvouiisod ' ^^ of which meant nothing more than * hc ^ K t ten commandments , where in the above ° ^ can discover their title to the exclusive \ T ^ ih « s ministering National Education ? ' * ai Moses , in the first verse of the fourth cha developeB the covenant and the co iidjf PtCV | ' ^ which the people of Israel were exhort ed to ! UpQ t » First verse :- ^ nce . Now therefore hearken , 0 Israel , unto tl and unto the judgments which I teach y Oi ' - ^ ti them , that you may live , and go in and Poss ' p ? k < 1 » LAND WHICH THE LORD GOD OP YQVr ^ I T »» GIVETH YOU , li FAt ! iElt ?
In speaking generally of the necessity to 4 "statutes and judgments" upon the obserj ^ which the people were to possess the ux ^ which we find is izi the eighth verse , the one - ^ that relied upon by the Artlagh parsons , w y ? thus written : — " And what nation is there so great , that hati , sr and judgments so righteous as all this law wind , ' ! 51 * 1 before you tliis day . l ' « Now then , we ask the meek and mild follow ^ . Christ , whether they are prepared to be bound , v by the " righteous statutes and judgments " )^ referred to , as by the "injunctions" to teach IS enceto their sons , and their sons' sons at their s" 4 and their uprising ? Is it not truly ludic rous y farcical , in this age of enlightenment , to ace > .
huxtering biblicals ransacking the Bible for " ^ stones '' whereon to build a new title for the pr < fe tion of those feuds and dissensions by which i hope , for yet a little longer , to prop the W edifice into which their own obscenity has coni !^ catedtke dry rot . If they will give us the L , ^ with the " righteous statutes and judgments , "jj will allow them to " teach theirsons , and their J sons , " a perfect observance of those commandos , which they violate , sitting , standing , rising , andlr ,, But we are not prepared to allow them to pQ " passive obedience " and " non-resistance " tofe statutes which rob the people of the Lajh > , and ^ fer its produce upon State Church parsons .
While this double-edged sword is drawn agayfl the Prune Minister in Ireland , the Bishop of ExjJB never behind-hand in administering fuel to * s | Church flame , promises Mi share of confusion him to the already untranquillizedstato of mother Chilli and our only hope is , that the exposures shall kiim complete , and searching to the end , that out of Jm good may come ; and that at last we may seo i ' M growing mixd of the country so improved by U ! ipi * J diced education , as to enable it to throw off | ij | darkness with which it has been clouded by pvofliajfl churchmen and interested teachers . M
The -Northern. Star. Saturday, February 1, 1845.
THE -NORTHERN . STAR . SATURDAY , FEBRUARY 1 , 1845 .
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MINISTERIAL CHANGES . The Times of Thursday has the following . We give it liere without comment : — Although several important changes in the present Administration hare , for some time past , been much discussed and confidently anticipated , the appointments winch are at this time understood to be determined on , and still more the secession from the Government of one of its most active and intelligent members , are for the most part unexpected by the public . Of these occurrences the most unforeseen and significant is the resignation and retirement of the President of the Board of Trade . Mr .
Gladstone ' s name has been connected , from the mouunt of his first appearance in the world , tfith opinions of a very decided character on several very highly important questions which have no reference whatever to his parti , cular duties as the commercial Minister of the British empire . But these speculative opinions are reported to nave divided the hon . gentleman from his colleagues on some of the most important matters likely to be brought before Parliament ; and we hope we may infer that those measures -will prove to be of such moment to the welfare of the United Kingdom , and especially to the tranquillity of the most agitated portion of it , ; that they will afford a sum . cient compensation for the loss of so active a public servant as Mr . Gladstone .
The vacancy thus arising at the head of the Board of Trade will be filled by Lord Valhonsie , now the Vice-President of that department , but without a seat in the Cabinet . JMr . Cardwell , the member for Clitheroe , is named as the successor of Lord Dalhousie in the Vice . Piesideacy of the Board of Trade—an office which ig usually accompanied with a seat in the Privy Council . The vacancy occasioned by the resignation of the Secretaryship of Ireland by the present Lord St . Germans , upon the death of his father , and his consequent accession to the peerage , will he filled by Sir Thomas Premantle ,
who succeeded Sir Henry Ilurdrage last spring as Secretary at War . Mr . Sydney Herbert takes the War-office , with a seat in the Cabinet ; and the Earl of Lincoln also enters the Cabinet , retaining his present office at the Board of Woods and Forests . The retirement of Sir John Barrow , ana the promotion of Mr . Sydney Herbert , leave both the Secretaryships of the Admiralty at the disposal of the Government ; and we trust they will be filled in such a manner as to meet all the claims of that most important department , and to deserve the confidence of the country . Mr . Corry has been mentioned as Mr . Sydney Herbert's
successor . The Standard of the same day ( Thursday ) has the following : — Feoh a Correspondent . —We understand that the report of the Ministerial changes announced in the Timet this morning is , to say the least , premature . Mr , Gladstone , whatever may be his intention , has not yet resigned office . There is , however , no doubt but that Sir Thomas Fremantle succeeds Lord Eliot ( Karl St . Germans ) in the important office of Chief Secretary of Ireland . No doubt the " correspondent" knows all about the
matter ; and he does not contradict the statement oi the Times as to the " intention " of Mr . Gladstone to retire . The Times , therefore , " speaks hy the book , " as may be gathered from the following announcement by the Standard itself : — We have reason to believe that , although it is highly probable that the abilities and services of Mr . Cardwell will be secured for the Government in some appointment of importance , yet the announcement that Mr . Cardwell is destined for the Vice-Presidency of the Board of Trade is at least premature .
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THE CRASH . Fkom the moment that our repr ^ sentatire system was remodelled to suit the growing genius of a people who had progressed beyond all others . in the art of wealth-creating , it was easy to foresee that exclusion from political power would lead to open rupture between represented idlers and unrepresented slaves . The true and veritable meaning of Reform was the just and convenient distribution and proper application of the newly-created property of the
country to its legitimate purposes ; and had such an intention manifested itself in the acts of those who acquired power through popular confidence and fury , the people , ever patient under suffering , would have vested satisfied with such progressive improvements as wore warranted by prudence , by circumstances , or even by a timid caution . They would , in fact , have resisted any violent change calculated to unsettle that tate of thing 3 in which they saw their own interests , rights , and privileges , even faintly recognised ,
The non-adoption , therefore , of a timely soothing policy has converted political rancour into social ferocity , and we bihold , as it were , not only a house divided againat itself , but every section of the household in open rupture , the one with the other , each struggling to hold its position , or to break that fall threatened by its own intemperance . Everything we gee , everything we hear , everything that we read of , presents to the eye and to reflection the elements of a struggle , the result of which ,
" Oomo it slow or come it fast " — . must produce such a change as no country has ever yet witnessed . "We have observed , and the limes has strengthened the justice of our conclusion , that the present period of cahn " prosperity" furnishes our cautious Minister with , incalculable advantages , and may enable him , unheeded , uninterrupted , and unchecked , to pass measures which , under contrary circumstances , would not be tolerated . Had the present schism in the rival churches of Ireland—the suspicions of the landlords of both countries—the deadly warfare raging in the bosom of our State
Church at home—the increasing cupidity of our capitalists—the hostility of our landlords to a property tax—the aversion of our traders and shopkeepers to anincome tax—co-existed withtfiai national discontent which preceded the present " prosperity * ' —the internal divisions o"f faction would have insured an easy triumph to tlie . Working Classes : and , therefore , we must presume that their present contentment is relied on as the most fitting time to adjust the party squabbles of the higher classes . Those who would found their opinion of Ministerial strength upon mere English questions , or English "prosperity , " are but
narrow-minded politicians . Every great change that has been effected in the policy of ouv rulers has been forced upon them either from abroad or from without : from abroad , by the extension of Democratic principles ; or from without , by the effect which foreign circumstances have had upon the national mind . Hence w , e have seen a tyrant Monarch and a slavish Cabinet humbled by the declaration of American independence ; we have seen the loss of Ireland threatened , and ail but effteted , by the French revolution ; and we have seen " Reform , " though resisted for nearly half a century , carriedby what is called the " three glorious days" of My 1830 !
Judging , then , from the past , we must take the present state of America ; the present positionof Gwzoi , the slavish Minister of a wily Monarch . who holds his crown upon the continuance of European peace , however igaonuniously purchased ; we must include the hemmed-in position of his Holiness the Pope , who would extend bis circle of dominion , by narrowl ing , contracting , and enslaving the minds of the Irish Cathoties nor- can we , in our catalogue of Minis terial difficulties , omit the impregnable position assumed by the Irish people : a position of masterly hostility to » U the powers at the disposal of . the
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O'CONNELL AND THE POPE . Interested , as every lover of liberty must be , in the pending struggle' between O'Connell and his Holiness the Pope , we look with delight upon ever } accession of strength achieved by Mr . O'Co . vneu , to aid him in the suppression of Ecclesiastical intolerance : and therefore we have printed at length the able letter of his Grace the Catholic Archbishop of Tuam , to Sir Robert PeeIi . In truth , pride , if not duty , would induce us to take this course , because we find that Dr . M'Hale has taken the very same view of Sir Robert ' s policy that wo ventured to ascribe to it on the first appearance of hia Hoiiness'a rescript .
The Times designates the letter of Dr . M'Hale as a , "simple declamation , " without argument or point , while our contemporary , at the same time , labours industriously . Tbut Ineffectually , to meet his Grace's charge by a " counter-tlmist . " Dr . M'Haie traces the immorality of society in general to the contaminMion of a church whose clergy owe their all to the countenance of the State . To these , the Times replies , that the bavbarous murders committed in Ireland , if not sanctioned by the Roman Catholic priesthood , are at least tolerated ; because not prevented . Tliis , in our opinion , is expecting too much from outlawed " surpliced ruffians ; " and too little from the strong arm of that law-which is the
right arm of the State Church , We have before asserted , and we now repeat it , that nearly every act of barbarism perpetrated by the Irish people is a consequence of oppression and misrule , and not a characteristic of the "Irish people : oppression and misrule which may be dated from the hour when a polluted State Church was " established by law , " and allowed to draw its resources from a hostile people , over whom it had achieved a sacrilegeous triumph . And it is now rather too great a draw on the patience and subserviency of the Roman Catholic priesthood , to expect that they should act the part of " goodnatured tranquillizers" of those irritated feelings concentrated by ^ senturies of State Church opnrcg !
sion . The bold , the manly , and the truly Catholic position assumed by Dr . M'Haile , however the timet may sneev at his reasoning , is likely to have its due weight on the Catholic mind of Ireland ; for already we learn that the chapels of Archbishop Crolly , Archbishop Mubrat , and Dr . Dewier ; the three bishops " bequeathed" to the E nglish Minister , have
become vacant , while the flocks have refused any portion of their fleece for the sustenance of their shepherds . Could any circumstance impart a stronger respect for the principle of popular election , or at all events of popular control ? A control in which the English Minister sees danger , and to possess himself of which is the ultimate aim and object of those tinselled honours which he would now , through policy , confer upon the Catholic hierarchy of Ireland .
So long as the Catholic priesthood of Ireland depend for sustenance upon tlie wholesome vigilant control of those to whose protection they are appointed , ao long will their church stand all the attacks of foreign and domestic foes ; but the moment that control is transferred to a political Prime Minister , that moment must every vestige of her former struggles and triumphs be buried under its own ruins . Having recognised the titles of the Irish hierarchy , we have very little doubt that the next step will be to introduce them , thus tinselled with the trimmings of Ministerial debauchery , to the House of Peers , there
to ait in conolave with their State Ohwcb . brethren , in order that the present controversy may be transferred from the wide world of jealous watchfulness to the narrower sphere of apostolic reasoning , in the hope of eliciting Ministerial dogmas capable of producing due effect upon English No-Popery feeling . Pending this schism in the Catholic Church of Ireland , the Protestant parsons , acting upon Mr . O'Connbu / s policy of making Ministerial weakness subservient to Irish purposes , have , with characteristic effrontery , arrayed themselves in open hostility to the principlo of National
Education ; declaring , with the coolest audacity , that teaching and education should come from what they are pleased to terra , the " National " Church of Ireland ; thereby meaning the Church of the Twentieth of the population , receiving nearly two millions annually from the sweat of the Catholic people . The "noble army of martyrs" in the diocese of Ardagh have been the last to pronounce against the " national system ; " and as the devil quotes scripture when it serves his purposes , to avoid
all charge of selfish interestedness , the " defenders of the faith , " and so forth , have ventured on the selection of soniej verses from Deuteronomy to aid them in their opposition . We trust that we shall not be deemed " heretical" if we take the whole of the injunctions contained in the chapters from which they had selected their" exclusive , title , " in order to expose the convenient and interested interpretation put even upon Holy Writ , when State Church purposes are to be served .
The title upon which the Ardagh parsons would establish the exclusive rights of the Church to teach , are selected from the fourth chap , of Deut . ; 9 th and 11 th verses , the sixth , chap , and fib verse . Let us see what those verses really are , and whether or not there ¦ wa s any other condition annexed , to this , exclusive right . The 9 th verse says , " Only take heed to thyself , and keep thy soul diligently , lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen , and lest they depart from thine heart all the days of thy life ; but teach them , thy SOUS , and thy 80 ug ' eons . "—
11 th verse— .. _ And ye came near and stood under the mountainand the mountain burned with fire unto the . midst of heaven , with darkness , clouds , and thick , darkness .
Fi'j? 3to Ueafcera Anu ^Otre0uoutjc«@
fi'j ? 3 to Ueafcera anU ^ otre 0 uoutjc « @
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A Bone FOR Chambers to Pick . —The following con ^ 'll sation recently took place between Mr . O'Connorania ^ Irish labourer , who had been reared up under his 6 csJ § S —Mr . O'Connor : Well , Nicholas , have you the pQu&hjH week yet ? Nicholas ; Wisha , I haven't this long &&M —Mr . O'Connor : How did you lose it ? Nicholas : % M your honour , a fellow that I knew in Leeds , catatjjli here looking for work , and I got him . 1 job in my trJSB shop ; and when he found out what I had , I'll enjss | he never stop ' t till lie rooted me out . —Hi . O'CoimiiM How was that 1 Nicholas : Why , he tould tlie ovtrsrp that he'd take my job for fifteen shillings ; andlrJl the sack . —Mr . O'Connor : Well , Nicholas , are you as . ^ tptalleryet ! Nicholas : Wisha , I ' m not , then ,-M § O'Connor : Do you drink , then ; and what made tB 98
give it up ? Nicholas : why , don't you know I nwp was a pledged member ; but when I left that place , ! p was a teetotaller two years ; and then I went to v&M in , Mr . Soraers' granary , the corn-factor , and his * M used to be paid every Saturday night , in a pii&f house of his own ; and sixpence would be stopped SmM every man ' s wage , whether he'd drink ov not : si ! declare , after having it stoppedfor a great many « w ! sj at last i thought I might 03 well have something for it , at'fe but I took my whack as well as the rest of them ; aa j | I believe that there would be many a teetotaller iftffi wasn't for scheming and gettilx on like that , by < && that has something to do with DiMic-houses . —To 2 3 — - — - ^ - ¦
w ^^ a a word on the ahove would but tend to weaken % 55 simple narrative ofthe dependant working man . W , presume that the mechanics of one shop , referred a k by the Messrs . Chambers , as supporting a publie-tois 1 , ^ were " crimped" in the first instance , like poor Sitol las : and as one word brings on another , one pot tap on another ; and so , by the first false step into miip the laboui' 6 » is forced by the master , the race of fel | pation is started , and the onus of disgrace falls upsjp the victim , instead of upou the brute who debawte | him . Note . The Mr . Somers spoken of by Nicholas Si ; a Leaguer , and a loud brawler for " cheap bread" is !"; " free trade" —in com , but not in swipks !—Iklpi ; . must not be "free" to ) trade in , or not , as you like , fc £ you must pay whether it suits or unsuits ! Tts ; League-men have queer notions . f
Mb . West , in Answer to the "Tbickt Tool . "—a "; , 5 West , who now resides at Maccksfield , following B ? J trade as a weaver , has sent us the following , in repka ! $ the Jesuitical and "fair" letter from Mr . T . l ' alvev , a-g hired spouter for the enemies of Labour , inserted inse i § last : —" Sir , —Your remarks on Mr . Falvey ' s Ie ? -s f | respecting the Rotherhain discussion , in last Saturiiji ^ Star , has left me but little to say ; and I should a ! ^ have troubled you with this letter , but that I feared j ? j I remained silent , a wrong construction might tep * ; upon it . I was certainly anxious to s » e what& ¦ < $ Falvey ' scorrections would amount to , as I wasconste ^
that the report was substantially correct , the ffhoH ^ the arguments , if aot ike exoAt words , being given : sA now that his letter is before me , I must confess itii j quite a' gem' in its way . Mr . Falvey will be doing u ^ act of injustice to posterity if he does not forwari" - ^ ' true copy' to Mr . D'Israeli , to enrich the next edition * | his 'Curiosities of Literature . ' There is , however , $ , error you have fallen into , which I hasten to correct , i > SJ Mr . Falvey is so sensitive about names . His narccij jg Timothy : the initial , therefore , should have been T « fe and not J ., as you have it . This I deem iiKportflnv * " | Mr . Falvey ' s ' modesty , ' 'delicacy , ' and 'honour' ( I ™| not say anything about 'honesty' ) , should suffer bj * | mistake . Mr . Falvey says thereport was an ' enoraKj ^ fabrication . ' I only wish tliat the ' leaguers' wm | give me such a ' fabrication ; ' for I appeal with B ! ' $ fidence to the chairman , or any other person iriio' ) i ; j present at the discussion , to say whether the rcf ) A | as a whole , was not a correct and impartial one . I ** | notice Mr . Falvey ' s corrections . His not coming ( HikW | from the south is , as you say , a mere evasion ; f" ' 1 told me himself , that ' when he came from the aoutli M | was sent expressly to Kotherham to deliver two If g
tures . ' So much for his 'honesty . ' The slight mist * I fell into respecting the chairman ' s name , shows » what ' shifts' Mr . Falvey has been driven to ' fisho * objectiens . If any one had a right to complain , it * Mr . Evans —( who , I may here state , acted as chain * '"in the most impartial manner ) . My friend Mr . SisasA whose name was printed lessons , had an equal rig 1 1 complain ; but really such ridiculous stutf does no ' ' * serve serious consideration . As to the chairniM letter , denying that he charged Mr . Falvey with i « tt > during ' extraneous matter , 'he will periiopsro i ; ^ that , when Mr . Falvey commenced his second attd (>' the Chartists , I rose and asked him' whether we «! * met to discuss the merits or demerits of FreeTr $ and whether extraneous matter was to be allottri "
be introduced V and the chairman said , and the " 'j - ing responded to it , ' that the question to be discus ^ was Free Trade . ' Mr . Falvey ho wed to the deeisMf the chairman . When Mr . Falvey went to the tro $ of writing to the chairman , why did he n 4 ' get him to confirm his statement , that ^ report was an enormous fabrication' ? ' Mr . S » K & « 3 t knows the reason why . The real secrft « Mr . Falvey ' s chagrin isthat there was a report at f
, Had the discussion been confined to the room , he nit ' ; then have gone up and down ' bouncing' ( as lei * done on former occasions ) that he had 'floored ' " / but now the people can judge for themselves , and «* them I am content to leave the question . As w * sneer about myself , I leave that as it stands , reining Mr . Falvey that if he lays claim to' delicacy , ' i " * ^ ' honour , ' and'' honesty , ' the two latter are at state : ' at Blackburn , he cKallcnsed me to discuss
question with him at Manchester and MacclesfieW' ^ ACCEPTED THAT CHALLENGE : but as yet I " , not been able to prevail on him to fulfil his 'W ^' Perhaps his 'delicacy * and ' modesty' ( s 0 L , « thing to do with this funking ; but if he can st his courage to the sticking place , ' as I am ^ living in Macclesfield , let him name his time a » V , will find me ready . We can then meet among ^ who know us both vreU , attd where our relative <*» , tors for'delicacy , 'modesty , ' ' honour , ' and ' ln > ' ^ can be properly appreciated . Though I a " S ° s ! mv Innin I onti oUvnva affnrrl tn flnnre a day to eJ / " j
humbug and delusion . Yours , respectfu lly , West . j Johk Let , Cabbinoton . - The difficulty he WfL . does exist , The shares could not be transferred ^ out a stamp , i . e ., if the erection was made by » , pany of shareholders . But the difficulty maJ ° 0 ° fit over by the parties forming themselves into a o ^ BviMng Society , and enrolling their rules , m " stamp is required on the transfer of a share .
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A THE NORTHERN STAR ! FEBBP ^ UjiL
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 1, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1300/page/4/
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