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agriculture an* Sortuultuw
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te. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 11s. each box ; or, post free, Ss., 5s., and 12s. COPAIBA AND CUBEBS ENTIRELY SUPERSEDED.
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iiaitet inUIKgem* *
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'jFottujtt iBobemflite
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Bankrupts, &t*
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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WRAY S BALSAMIC PILLS , a certain , safe , and the most speedy remedy ever discovered for the permanent and effectual cure of strictures , seminal weakness , pains in the loins , affections of the kidneys , gravel , rheumatism , lumbago , gonorrhoea , gleets , local debility , irritation of the bladder or urethra , and other diseases of the urinary passages . The unprecedented success that has attended the administration of these pills , since they were made public , has acquired for them a sale more extensive than any other proprietary medicine extant , and the circumstance of their entirel y obviating the necessity of having recourse to those disgusting , nauseous , and iu many cases highly injurious medicines ( as copaiba , cubebs , &c ) , has obtained for them a reputation unequalled in the annals of medicine . Prior to being advertised , these pills were employed in private practice in upwards of 1 , 800 cases , many of them most inveterate—in many thousand cases since , and in no one instance known to fail , or to produce those nspleasant symptoms so often experienced while taking copuiba , and that class of medicines usually resorted to in these complaints . The proprietor pledgt ' s himself that not one particle of copaiba , cither resin or balsam , cnbebs , or any deleterious ingredient , enters their composition . Copaiba and cubebs have long lH'CIl the most commonl y employed medicines in the above complaints ; but , from the uncertaintyintheir effects , together with their utter incflicacy in many cases , are fast declining in reputation ; and , from the unpleasant symptoms invariably produced from taking copaiba , especially in the early stage of the complaint , many of the most nUe modern practitioners condemn it as dangerous , nnd a medicine not to be depended upon . Many persons , after having suffered more from the effects of the remedy than the virulence of the disease , and , after a patient but painful perseverance , have been compelled to relinquish its use , the whole system having become more or less affected , and the disease as bad , if not worse , tlian at the commencement . As regards cubebs , it is true that those violent effects ave not experienced as while taking copaiba , but they seldom effect a cure , unless more active medicines are administered . The Balsamic Pills are free from any of the above objections ; they act specificall y on the urinary passages : and , from their tonic properties , tend to strengthen the system and improve the general health . They require neither confinement nor alteration of diet ( except abstinence from stimulants , where considerable inflammation exists ) , and , as experience has amply proved , they will effect a cure sooner than copaiba ( the dangerous results of which , in the inflammatory stages , are too well known to need comment ) , or any other medicine in present use , and may be justly considered the only safe and efficacious remedy in all stages of those disorders . In addition to these advantages , the very convenient form in which this invaluable preparation is offered to the public , must also a desideratum . Prepared only by M . O . Wray , and sold , wholesale and retail , at 118 , HolbornJiill ; and at the West-end Depot , 344 , Strand , London . May also be had of all respectable medicine venders in town and country . Patients in the remotest parts of the country can be treated successfully , on describing minutely their case , and inclosing a remittance for medicine , which can be forwarded to any pan of the werld , securely packed , and carefully protected from observation .
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"And I will tvar , at least in words , ( And—should iny chance so happen—deeds ) , ¦ With all -who -war vrith Thought S " " I think I hear a little bird , tvho sings "The people by and b ; will be the stronger . "— . Btbon
YOUNG AMERICA ! JlOTOCEXTS OF THE AMERICiS ArTBAXS . —ProGBESS or Xahoxal Reformers . —Ash-Rest Was . We this week present out readers with the latest sceonnts which hare reached us of the the progress of the American Reformers in their glorious efforts to redeem the wealth-producers of the republic of -j , e States from the grinding tyranny of landlords and capitalists . That excellent paper , the New York M ' oriingMan ' s Advocate , from which we have so often quoted , commenced a new series on the 29 th ofllarch iaa , under the title of " Young America . " It is to r
information contained in the extracts given below . The working men of New England—the factory district of the United States—have been holding a -Working Men ' s Convention" at Lowell , for the consideration and adoption of measures for the protection of their labour . The following resolutions sere adopted by the Convention : — Resolved— " That the present policy of the State with reference to the labour of the convicts employed « i lite State prisons , is unjust to thehonest mechanic , imoriou s to the State , degrading to labour , and hosuic m humanity , and demands immediate revision 01 abolition .
"That Government is instituted for the common deieiicc ; that our present expensive law system does not promote the ends of good government , and should be so altered and revised as to afford cheap , wompt , and efficient protection to all . "Ihat in our State Legislature , as well as in Congress , and in all departments of the Government , labour should be represented as well as capital ; and that the interest of the people of the States—those of the working men not execpted—are entitled to full and equal representation . " That the question of the freedom of the public lands is one nhidi detpfninterests tlte metlianics of New England ; tlutt the present monopoly oftltc same in the hands <•; speculators is at once opposed to national prosperity and natural right ; and that the freedom of ilicse lands iv actual settlers is a mttter ivMdt demands and slwdl noire our immediate <» ul enerqetic co-operation .
" That the oppression and degradation of the profacing classes in Europe , caused by the accumulation of capital in the hands of a few by the spirit of commercial monopoly , and the influenceof machinery in favour of wealth and in hostility to labour , present a terrible example of the tendencies of modern society to sink the masses into poverty and ignorance , and loudly call upon every friend of humanity in our much-favoured land to aid in the discover } and adoption of measures which shall rescue the American labourer from the impending fate to which he is exposed , and which timely precaution and vigorous action in defence of the inborn rights of man alone can avert . " That in view of the approaching evils which
threaten to involve the producing classes of this country in the serf-like dependence and misery which present so foul a blot on the fairest portion of she old world , it is hereby earnestly recommended by this Convention to our brother working men throughout the land to establish an annual Congress , which shall have for its object to propose and adopt such measures as shall be found necessary to secure the lights and interests of honest industry , and to hasten the accomplishment of the grand industrial revolution , which is alike demanded by the nature of man , tee hopes of humanity , and the laws of eternal truth and justice . " A later copy of Young America reports additional resolutions adopted by Hie Convention ; among others , the following : —
" That aa a ' jridgment of the hours of labour is indi $ pensab ! cto secure the moral , social , and physical ^ ell-being of the producing classes ; and all who oppose this salutary measure exhibit a gross and pernicious disregard of the essential principles of justice , morality , and religion . "That this Convention recommend to the several 2 .= >« riations at once to commence raising a fund , against the time when one or more associations , on mature deliberation , shall attempt the adoption of lie Ten Hour System , for the purpose of aiding such persons as would be prevented by pecuniary embarrassment .
" That on the morals and intelligence of the whole t * op 3 e depend the perpetuity of our republican institutions ; it is , therefore , the duty and interest of the State to secure to all children in the community an education that will fully develope their physical , moral , and intellectual " powers , and render every citizen of the commonwealth worthy and capable to . perform ihe sacred duties of a freeman . " That this Convention recommend to the several associations to form such arrangements as shall seem to them most efficient in carrying these measures successfully at the ballot box . "
My Ryckman , of Brook Farm , introduced the folk'Vmjr resolution , which he sustained in an able attti , illustrating the necessity of a prompt , imnieciatc . and thorough revolution in Industry , and the fonnation of an Industrial Congress , analagous to that which fostered the liberties of the American Republic . His remarks were most enthusiastically received : — " Resolved , —That this Convention recommend to ihe Xew England Association to organise , as promptly as possible , a permanent Industrial Revc
ationary Government , upon the model of the Confederation of the States in 1770 , which shall be pledged to direct the legal political action of the working jeen so as to destroy the hostile relations lhai at prcseat prevail between capital and labour , aid to secure to all the citizens without exception a fnil and complete development of their faculties by a thorough education , physical , mental , and moral , and the practical enjoyment of the only inherent and inalienable right of man—the sight to labour . " [ The ri ght to Land . ]
We fiad the following article commenting on this Convention in Young America : — . " The Cosvesiios . —The Working Men ' s Convention has been held . The friends from different seclioas of Sea- England , embracing delegates from a number of Associations , have met , deliberated , and again separated wMi a determination , we hope , to no something that shall tell for the good of humanity —luatslialluiake known the wants and necessities , and ( "last , but not least'' ) the bights of that class * lo toil not only for their own support , but who , amkr the present system of labour , are compelled to scrreader by fer the greatest part of their earnings o those who are constantly striving to oppress and " terade them . Among so many persons , from so Sfciiy different localities , differences of opinion , and
< o&rent views in regard to the means to be used , fi'old naturally be supposed to exist . We believe , floirever , there was nothing , tvorA mentioning , to dis-• arii the harmony of the Convention . There seemed iU-e a general and deep-seated belief in the minds <* tacse present , that we had talked , and preached , * 8 < 1 petitioned enough , —that we now want action—Sna , unyielding , determined action;—that we want , Jsd must have , a closer union among ourselves—in ^ *« , that we must raise ourtdves , or sink deeper and de eper in the mire of political and social degradation , " auy eloquent champions of the cause were present - ' nini abroad , and contributed much to the interest of % Convention . Mr . Brisbane , one of the leading thainpions of Fourierists , on Tuesday evening , gave s reost eloquent address on subjects connected with 2 r eform of the social evils of the present day .
"Mike WaW ' i , who has been for some months naprisoned in a loathsome prison in the enlightened fityofXew York , simply for telling too muck truth about the rich and aristocratic oppressors of the labouring poor , was also present , and was received in a way that showed that his labours were properly appreciated . He was listened to with marked attention . "' Many short but interesting and acceptable adilnsses were made . Messrs . Wright of Boston , fierce of Fall River , Ripley , Allen and Ryckman of "rook Farm , Cox and Robertson of Boston , and ^• Vrs , were among the speakers . " . . 'Jarntxt extracts refer to the progress of the $ a-? $ & Reformers , or Agrarian party " ; we take the ' £ •<* % „ article from Young America of March
' . ^ e Movement Parti . —The movement of the ^^ t civilised world is toward Republicanism . So fan « Cliristendom is so dark that it does not obey * ' sjoue «¦ conservative that it does not yield to it . » u- _> ia is kiict-kins the fetters from the serf , and ' Wern Europe is 7 bv slow and toilsome progress , JpT ^ y enfranchising her " Commons . " Probably wtf-ltalf of tbe privileged and educated classes of 5 ™ H * ^ ali who are not hopelessly wedded to the jp , « . o hi sane sense admit this movement to be in whence to an irresistible law ; and therefore , T at ° o « "r k-ss quiescence , snffer themselves to be *« ie « .-.. - . . . ; - lti , the general tide . But this law aua uavc its expounders more or less authoritative ; iaovcineut its
^ e niusthave apostles . These have w time to time appeared , coming now from one ^ , now from another ; patriotic , ardent , and selfmen c ' JJ readl " | ng ti » e doctrines of progress unto ass ,. ' .. ^ e ties have been formed , congresses have te ^ lH * these lovers of their race . Of late to * ££ < % we begun to take the name , according ^» nati on , of "Young Poland / ' "Young Gerj £ J V » an "Y 0 ung England . " These societies , in tte jj ' . w » . and constitute the extreme right of , * eMmTi arm of Progress- They represent nothing S ^ K admire ; ( how could they *) but prini / E ; n ^ tolthe world are young , now fastemergdfiS S * ^ da ? - In differentcountries they sot ^ T ^ rent specific measures , according to the % ie ^ i tteir Governments and the condition of tooit r v !* iea&& % always to human advanceall „ % » , "" s coHBtry we already possess most or jhl ™« ww of progress for which the reiin . y ^ e old world are now chiefly contend-• = twng America , then , must embody ' something
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vSS tt&V ** i . these soeietie 8 tVoughout Sf ^ S ^ ^ J ^ wmbe given , with extracts from their constitutions , and other writing . " At fte recent city election for Mayor , Aldermen , * £ ' f New Y 0 rkj ^ Nati ( mal ' Ref b ^ several mdidates in the field , one for the Mayorstop . Of course they were defeated-we say of JSr-JFT * " ^ H P rinci P of the party are buthttle known , and less understood ; but the course adopted of contesting every election , is the right way to make their principles known , and must result in victory some day or other . A victory has , however , crowned the efforts of the Reformer * in the « * 71 ?«• In Ymn 3 America o April 19 th , we hud the following : " Secoh ) Natioxal Reform Victory . —In a late number of this paper was an account . of the First Political Victory of the National Reformers , at Birmingham , Pa . I have now the very asreeable ^
slot recording a second victory in Ohio , in favour of the popular movement . Thus , in two cases out of five in which the principle of a Free Soil has been brought to the testof the ballot box , it has prevailed and I have confidence that a similar success will aii tsnd future effoi-te where the Reform shall be put forward in the right way by the right men . The only places where . National Reform Tickets have as yet been run are New York city ; Lynn , Mass . ; i ^ ttshurgh and Bmning bam , Pa ., and Blendon Township Iraukhn co ., Ohio . At the two last named places the National Reformers have succeeced . Ihe Ohio State Tribune in announcing the
, triumph m Blcndon Township , says , ' Ther" were three tickets run in this townshi p , Whig , Democrat and National Reform . The National Reform ticket received 20 majority over botlt Democrat and , Whig . '" In commenting on this victory , and alluding to the contest m New York , the Editor says : — " Our countrv friends must not expect too much of us in the cities . Our task is much harder than theirs . Here official patronage is concentrated , and hereeverv workiim man nas his nose to alandlord orrapitalist ' sgrindstoue from ten to sixteen Ik . ui ^ out of the twenty-four , and a large portion of our population have been so trained to this that they have scarcely anv pm «> ftntinn nf tlmJr
natural or pohtical riglits , or ofthedegiwlationand misery that 13 so fast coming upon them . I can see a vast deterioration in this respect between the present period and ten years ago . What we expect to do here , and what our friends abroad may depend upon , is this : we will get the balance of power ; and then the Tery reason that now prevents politicians irom looking at our measure ( the insatiate scramble for othce ) will urge them to consider it ; and then , perchance , they may find that an independent freehold for themselves and each of their children , and a superior state of society , such as they had never
dreamed of , is better than a petty office which they maybe lacked outof atthe end of the year . We of the Wens will do all that we can , but it is the farmers that must do the most to carry thefreeland movement ; it is the farmers that will do it , when they understand that it will secure to each of their sons a farm on which no speculator or schemer can get his grip , and when they reflect that under the present system the land is fast falling into the hands of capitalists . Wherever there is a single National Reformerin a township , he should set up the Free Soil Standard , and make a beginning , if only of a single vote , at the next
elee-™ n- 4 U flle ot ? er reforms of all the reformers in the Union combined would not effect such mfrhty benefacial results as this one of restoring man ' s inalienaWe right to the soil ; therefore , no one who recognises the principle should ever again throw away a vote for any men who are not pledged to support it . We must begin to think of a President , too . We havemen already in our ranks ( I do not mean in i \ ew lork ) who are as well qualified for that office , wt perhaps two or three exceptions , as any who ever filled it . But this will be time enough after we have a much larger field to select from ; a time not far distant . "
. p . " * . ^ extracts relate the Anti-Rent war . lhe trial of Dr . Broughton , at Hudson , on a charge of robbing Sheriff Miller , of rent-distress papers , commenced on Thursday , tile 20 th of March . The person who took the sheriffs papers was "Big Thunder , ' aii Indian chief , and the prosecutor endeavoured to showthatDr . Broughton was "Big Thunder . " Young America , of April 5 th , states that the jury had disagreed , eight being for acquittal , and four for conviction . We have heard from another source that Dr . Broughton has been absolutely acquitted—the truth 01 this report we have no doubt of , though we have no positive proof of it . Young America , of April 5 th , has the following : — " Axh-Rext Was—The Anti-Rent war hasbro-Kcn . out afresh . Delaware and Ulster counties are hlled with ' Indians' up in arms . Men , it seems are determined not to be vassals . " The same paper of April 19 th , contains the follow ing list of
" AXTI-Iteyr Tjumpns . —In the lown of Duanesburgh , Schenectady county , the entire Anti-Rent ticket is elected , without regard to old party distinctions . " In Berne , the old parties have miraculously disappeared , and the clean Anti-Rent ticket went in without opposition . " In linos township ditto . " In Sandlake the opposition did not get 80 votes out of 700 . " In Bethlehem , the Anti-Rent ticket was elected withthe exception of four names , by majorities of 44 to 80 . " In New Scotland , the entire Anti-Rent ticket was put through' without trouble . " In Guilderland all the elect profess to be Anti-Renters . " In Westerloo the whole Anti-Rent ticket was elected by a majorityi pf 400 over the Whig and Democratic Hunkers combined .
" The Anti-Renters expect to elect representatives from several counties in the Fall . " The Soil—Who owxs it ?—The Anti-Rent war in western New Y ork is still going on . The fact is , people are beginning to enquire whether God or man has decreed that the earth shall be the property of the few , while the many shall have no resting place for their foot . The supremacy of capital over labour is beginning to be felt seriously in this country . —Lowell Vox- Populi .
England and America—The War Question . — We find the following in Young America of April 19 th , a capital way of " settling" the Oregon question : — " Some of the English papers are loud in condemnation of that portion of the President ' s Message relating to Oregon . The London Times says that England will never give up Oregon without a war . If she sends troop 8 to Oregon , the plan would be to give the soldiers 160 acres of land apiece , and send the officers back again fer more . " They are talking in the British Parliament about relieving the agricultural labourers : that is something . When they begin to talk about righting them , by restorine their laud , that will be something more .
But if we once set the example , they must do something more than talk about it , and that soon . " Here we must close our extracts . Success to the American Reformers ' . May their exertions to restore the land to those to whom it alone belongs , the entire —the sovereign people , be imitated throughout Europe : and may the only war between England and America be the war of generous rivalry in promoting the principles of Equality and Justice : or , if there ever again shall be war , may it be a war , not of the industrious millions against each other , bat a war of the millions against the land-robbers and labourplunderers of both countries!—the only enemies of Britain and America .
The Trial or the Anti-Rexters . —Since the above article was in type , we have received numbers , one , two , and three of the Anti-Renters' newly established organ , the Albany Freeholder . For American papers , the Freeliokkr is a noble-looking sheet , worthy to be compared with the most aristocratic of the New York journals . Of course we speak of its appearance ; in its contents , it is infinitely superior to the entire of the American press , with afew—too few exceptions . The editor is Mr . Devyr , formerly of Newcastlc-on-Tyne . His motto sufficiently explains his principles : — " The man of wealth and pride Takes ' jp a space that man ; poor supplied . Space for his lake , Ms pari extended bounds ; Spaoe for his horses , equipage and hounds . The robe that wraps his limbs in silken sloth Has robbed the neighb ' ring fields of half their growth . " G 6 LDSM 1 TH .
Next week we sha'J try to find room for a -few extracts from the Freeholder ; at present we must confine ourselves to the following correct statement of the close of the trial of the Anti-Renters : — " The jury retired under the charge of the judge at half-past ten on Saturday ni ght . On Sunday morning , at eleven o ' clock , having been out upwards of twelve hours , they announced to the court that they had not agreed on a verdict , and that there was no likelihood that they ever would agree . —The court thereon desired to know what course the respective counsel had to suggest . They referred the matter entirely to the discretion of the Court , and thereon Judge Parker discharged the jury . "We understand that four of the jury were for conviction , and eight for acquittal .
" The prisoners were remanded for trial atthe next regular tenn of the Court , which will be on the first Monday in September next . We hear that applications to bail out the prisoners have , hitherto , been unsuccessful . But certainly , the " authorities" will net be . Vandals enough to keep these unfortunate men in prison during the long , tedious months of summer . We are notyet prepared to believe that swindlers , thieves , and criminals , of almost every kind , will be permitted to go at large , frequently on straw bail , whilst men who have been guilty of no crime ( a fact established by two-thirds of the jury)—shall be kept immured for longmonths before they are again brought to a trial that everybody now knows will result in their acquittal—The prisonershavearighttodemand immediate trial , or their liberty on bail . This is their rigla—i f American freedom be not a mere mockery and delusion . "
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' ^ "" ™ — - , _ _ 1 J !>? T ^^ ^ -RwSoifer , Mr . Dam , in " SSrtSt *? i ] l l » h ™ Star , and we will take kS ^ V » T } « r England and Scotland shall ST , f ? I ** ! ° f the Anti-Renters are , and what they want . It shall be no fault of ours if the wealth-producers of both countries do not know each other better than they have hitherto done . Hurrah , fora tree soil ! Hurrah , for the people ' s right to the land-wherever the land is , wherever the people are !
Agriculture An* Sortuultuw
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FIELD-GARDEN OPERATIONS . For the Week commencing Monday , May 20 th , 1844 . ( . Extracted from a Diart of Actual Operations on hve small larms on the estates of Mrs . Davies Gilbert , near tastbourne , in Sussex ; and on several model farms on the estates of the Earl of Dartmouth at blaithwaite , in Yorkshire , published by Mr . Nowell , of Farnley Tyas , near Huddersfield , in order to guide other possessors of field gardens , by showing them what labours ought to be undertaken on their own lands . The farms selected as models are-First lwo school farms at Willinsdon and Enstilmm of
fave acres each , conducted by G . Cruttenden and John Hams . Second . Two private iarms , of five or six acres : one worked b y Jesse Piper , the other by John Dumbrell-the former at Eastdean , the latter at Jevington—all ot them within a few miles of Eastbourne . Third . An industrial school tarm at Slaithwaite . Fourth . Several private model farms near the sameplacc . riie consecutiveoperationsintheserepovta will enable the curious reader to compare the climate and agricultural value of the south with the north of Lnglaud . The Dun * is aided by "Notesand Observations from the pen of Mr . Nowell , calculated for the time and season , which we subjoin .
"let us ever remember that , in all our attempts to improve society , we ought to direct our efforts to the young and unsophisticated . By giving them sound mental and physical training , we may correct the errors and subdue the prejudices of their elders . "—Anon . Note . —The school farms are cultivated by hoys whs in return for three hours' teaching in the mmiinq give Utree hours of their labour in the afternoon for tlte masters benefit , which renders the schools belfscppoutixg . We believe that at Farnly Tyas sixsevmth of the produce of the school farm will U assigned to the boys , and one-seventh to the master , who will receive the usual school fees , help the boys to cultivate their land , and teach them , in addition to reading , writing , < fcc , to convert their produce into bacon by attending to pig-keeping , which at Christmas may be divided , after paying rent and levy , amongst them in proportion to their services , and be made tltus indirectly to reach their parents in a way tltc most grateful to their feelings . ]
SUSSEX . MosBAY—Wilii ngdon School . Boys digging , and manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing turnips , chopping clods , gathering weeds and stones . Piper . Hoeing between potatoe rows . Dumbrell . Digging . Tuesday— Willingdon School . Boys digging , and manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing turnips , hoeing forward potatoes and tares , gathering weeds , and weeding narsmps . Piper , Hoeing between potatoe rows . JJumlrell . Digging . Wednesday— Willingdon School . Boys pulling thistles from the wheat . Eastdean School . Boys cleaning the piggery , and pouring tank liquid from it along the drills of mangel wurzel and carrots . Piper . Hoeing onions , but not very deep ; they love a clayey but rich soil . Dumlrell . Digging , wheehV out manure and spreading .
Thursday— Willingdon School . Boys hoeing wheat . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing lucerne , watering it , turning dung and mould , hoeing potatoes , preserving the weeds . Piper . Keeping his his hoe at work continuall y . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish for the ashes , sowing turnips . * ridat— WiUingdon School . Boys and self hoeing wheat . Eastdean School . Boys digging , chopping clods , sowing turnips , rolling and watering . Piper . Setting potatoes , and damping the rows , put ma little tank liquid , and covered up . Dumbrell . Diggmg , drilling tares . Saturday— Willingdon School . Boys emptying tanks , and cleaning up for Whitsuntide . Eastdean School . Boys emptying tanks and portable pails , rolling tares , hoeing potatoes , cleaning school . Piper . Hoeing potatoes . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish , the ashes to manure his turnips with .
YORKSHIRE . Slaiftivaite Tenants . James Bamford , sowing swede turnips , planting potatoes , preparing ground for tares . John Bamford , earthing cabbages , &c . C 0 W-FEED 1 SG . iwiingdon School , Cowa stall-fed on taros . Pipers . Cows are stall-fed with tares and lucerne , and doing well . DumbreWs . Two cows grazed in the pasture , and stall-fed morn and even with Italian rye grass . Heifer stall-fed with potatoes and rye .
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS . Auxiliaries to Farm Yard Manure . — [ " Before we choose manure for plants , we ought to inquire what substances are required by them . " —IMig J—Experience would seem to suggest that natural or domestic guano , as well as the other hand tillages in general , should be used in aid of , rather than as substitutes for manure . The turnip may not be like the Italian rye gras 3 plant , so greedy as to eat up nearly all and every kind of plant food it can find , to the starvation of neighbouring plants , fetching out of the ground as it does so many of the inorganic matters that are required for the support of animals . It has , however , a rather large and delicate appetite ; is fond of variety , and sends forth its long attenuate roots a
great distance , to pick and cull the best of everything . We must pamper it a little , then , by giving it every variety ol food ; and amongst the rest , not omit to supply it with bone ash , or earthy part of bones : for if not provided with it , how can the plant furnish any , to be afterwards worked up into the bones of animals for whose food it is intended . The natural guano , containing a limited quantity of phosphate of lime or bone ash , must yield , I think , in this respect , the pahn to the domestic guano ; for during the manufacture the latter may be fed to almost any extent with the bone gruel solution and chamber-lye . Speaking then from some experience , I may safely reeummend this to be your fii-st medicine for turnips , and to be applied in conjunction with dung that has been completely saturated with tank liquid .
IN AID OF FARM YARD MANURE . Application No . 1 . —Domestic Guano . — 'The dose before described containing one bushel of bones , will suffice for half an acre ; but wood-ash charcoal , instead of coal ashes , would be better in fabricating the domestic guano for this purpose . No . 2 . —Native Guano . — Mix 2 cwt . of finely pounded guano with eighteen bushels of wood-ash charcoal , or if you have none with half a ton of coal ashes , or mould . Place the manure in the drills , scatter the mixture upon it by hand , close in the drills , and sow in the usual manner .
No . 3 . —Bone Dust . —Drift under the seed i cwt . to the acre , alter the manure is placed in the drills . No 4 . —Rape Dust . —Drill near the seed , not in contact , about six bushels per acre , after the manure is placed within the drills . No . 5 . —Artificial Mixture . —For one acre , take gypsum 1 cwt ., sulphate of ammonia 301 bs ., nitrate of soda 201 bs ., mix well together , and scatter the mixture upon the manure when placed in the drills . In applying the above substances , estimate their cost , and reduce the usual quantity of farm yard manure in proportion . Consider , before applying them , which may be requisite , and choose one or other , according to previous manurings ; for instance , if boning may have' been ample in preceding years , rape dust may be preferable , and vice versa , &c .
. Tcrmp Seed . —That which is new comes soonest , therefore it may be well to imitate Mr . 'lull , by mixing new seed with old , so that the plants coming at different times may chance to escape the fly .
O : ; the Manuring and Steeping of Seeds . — Professor Johnston says , in an article with this heading , in a number of the Highland Society ' s Journal of Agriculture— " Public attention has lately been drawn to the possibility of so manuring or otherwise doctoring the seeds of our usual grain crops before they are put into the ground , as to do away with the necessity of manuring the soil itself . It has been long known to practical farmers that , by steeping their seeds in urine , in salt and water , or in other solutions , and sprinkling them while wet with quicklime , their growth * is in many cases promoted , and the rust , smut , and similar diseases , in a great degree prevented . It has been observed also in regard to potatoes , that in some soils a dusting of lime makes the cuttings more productive than they would otherwise be , and that , when powdered with gypsum , they
thrive still better . The absolute effect , indeed , of all such applications , to the seed-corn or to potatoes , will in every case be modified by the kind of soil in which the seed is sown . If the soil abound in common salt , thesaltingoftheseed will belessefficacious , while , which if it be rich in lime or in gypsum , the dusting of the potatoes with these substances will produce a less striking efi ' ect . Yet the above observations of practical men show that it is possible in certain circumstances , and by the use of certain substances , so to doctor or manure the seed we intend to sow , as to make the growth of our crops more sure , and the return of our harvests more abundant . From this limited conclusion , which is justified by experience , some persons have hastily leaped to the general assertion , that all seeds may be so doctored as , in all circumstances , to grow more luxuriantly ; and still further , that they may be so treated as to render
unnecessary any manuring of the soil in which th&j are to be sown . It is in Germany that this latter broad assertion has been most confidently made and most pertinaciously repeated . It has met with some credence also among ourselves , from persons chiefly who , like the German fathers of the statement , know a little more than the generality of practical men , but who do not know enough to enable them te
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ES ^\ f baetthcir ownYiCTS . northc StS ri « i Whlch thcir statements . ™ true . " One Tnh nrfSf ™*? Wlters on this subject whom Professor wfi , 'g ! r * ^ Vietor , an apothecary-thus SeeTft " pleon wMch lie Prefers *« n » riX neveS S Si " }? th - ? 8 oil :- " manure «» iSSwJSyp t * ^ itoed trough the soil that ! eq 5 re it Sw !? ' ^ ' P Iant <» to ffi Emnrfi the ° I ganic matter of the mamjrc SmSR ^ V&t ™* lost - and eve » the SThSb Kf « - « * 9 ««» n » fwiM of combina - & mggs F 2 & ^^ i ^ *» &
any unusually unfruitful soil . r . We ' ca ^ manure the seeds with those special substances only which it is not likely to findin the soil , or of which it hiK exhausted by previons crops . 3 ° . As the rotation of crops is rendered necessary chiefly by the abstraction ot saline substances from the soil , it may be remlered unnecessavy by adding again these substances , in SUch a way as to be within the reach lUT ? y < * ° - The ru 8 t aml otllcr diseases of can plants aw owing either to an excess or to a deficiency of iood in the soil . TIips * . avtremes » n i , «
Dest avoided by manuring the seed itself with the proper materials , and in the proper dc ° roe "—The SfT VietOr em P >' s in mamirin e I' * s ^ ds belore they are sown , are nsfollows :- " I . Blood in w ! f ; i ! fnf > , f 5 s mixetl with one-eightieth of its weight of Glauber salts , dissolved in a little water ; n hen thus mixed A may be kept for a long time , in a cool place , without congealing or undergoing decomposition : or dotted blood may be dried oithlr alone or mixed with a little -Jarth or powdered clay , and then reduced to fine powder . 2 ° . Wool , haiv , parings of leather , horns , hoofs , and bones , are charred in close vessels , until they are capable of being reduced to powder . 3 ° . The dung of all animals is dried and reduced to powder . 1 ° . Fats and oils of all kinds arc
mixeu witnso much earth , clay , or rye-meal as will enable the whole to be reduced to powder . Oil-cakes are also powdered for use . "—In using these , he makes lip a semi-fluid mixture , with which he mixes the seed , and then he dries up the whole by the addition m powdered manures which he has ready prepared , his semi-fluid mixture is thus prepared : —For a bushel of wheat or other grain , take 20 to 30 lbs . of clay in fine powder , li lb . of pounded sal-ammoniac , or 3 lbs . ot common salt . 3 to 5 quarts of whale , rape , or other cheap oil . 15 to 20 quarts of fresh blood , or blood kept in a fluid state by means of Glauber salts , or , in the absence of blood , as much water . 3 to 5 lbs . pt linseed meal or pounded oil-cake . These are intimately mixed together , and water added , if
necessary , to make a half-fluid mess . Thoseod isthen to be poured in and stirred about till every seed is completely enveloped b y the mixture . A layer of a dry mixture , composed of powdered clay , horn shavings , and bone dust , or clay and powdered dung , Ac ., is then spread on the floor , over it the seed , and then another layer of dry powder . Tho whole is then stirred together , and left to dry . —Much caution is to be used in completing the operation so quickly that the grain may not be permitted to sprout . Professor Johnston remarks , in reference to Vietor ' s views , — "There is a show of reason in what he states : for though we may fairly doubt , or perhaps entirely disbelieve , that the quantity of nianfffre with which he envelopes his seeds can be sufficient to supply the wants of the crop that is to spring from them , yet there can scarcely be a more economical of
way employing the . same quantity of manure-one in which there will be less waste of it , or in which it will be more useful to the growing plant . In every way of applying manure to the soil which has hitherto been adopted , a large portion never reaches the roots of the plants . Even when drilled in along with or near the seeds , a notable quantity escapes from the neighbourhood of the roots , and is more or less completely , lost to the crop it is intended to feed . Such must obviously be the case to a very much smaller extent where it is in contact with the seed it is to nourish , and actually envelopes it . Still it is doubtful whether the gain or savin " effected by this method will be eoual to i \\ p . ™ st . ni
tune and labour which it involves . Should such a mode of manuring be found easily practicable , morn skilful mixtures than those of Vietor—such as would be move certnin to succeed , and such as would be fitted specially to aid the growth of this or that kind ot crop—could easily be suggested . The fact that saline manures are beneficial , in many cases , to the growing crop , when merely applied to the soil , is in favour ef steeping the seeds in saline solutions , lhe salts , it is true , when applied to the soil , enter the plant by its roots ; but , nevertheless , their action is simpl y to yield saline matter to the plant in a lav-gei quantity Man it could otherwise readily obtain it irom the soil . This additional supply might at once be given to it , to a certain extent , by steeping the seed
At the Highland Society ' s late show at Dundee , the most extraordinary exhibition , amongst the seeds , roots , plants , Ac ., was that of Mr . James Campbell , ol the Dundee Public Seminaries . It consisted of magnificent plants of oats and barley , grown from seed which had undergone a certain chemical preparation , and without the aid of any manure whatever . Since the show , Mr . Campbell has placed the particulars of his process in the hands of the Society . lor the benefit of agriculturists" generally , and , t ° . further his good intentions , the Society has published his own explanation , which we now lay before our readers : — " Much has of late been said and written on the subject of extraneous and other manures , and a great ' many nostrums have been miffed off
and applied with various success . Many composts have been formed , -whose tendency is to yield abundant crops on certain soils ; but it must still be confessed , that no manure or other application of much permanency of effect , or approaching to anything like universal aptitude to soil , has yet been produced : and , m all circumstances , the expense of manures is still very great . The discovery , therefore , of a process by which the cereal and other gramineous seeds might be obtained in extraordinary abundance , without the use of manures , is certainly a great desideratum . Now , this desideratum , however strange it may appear , I have good ground for concluding I " have attained . It is now a . considerable time since I began to imagine , that if the ultimate princiDles of which
the proximate constituents of most of the gramineous seeds are composed , could , by any possibility , be made so to enter the substance of the seed , and at the same time not to injure its vitality , as thoroughly to imbue its texture with an excess of these principles , the end would be accomplished ; and it is by doing this to a certain extent , that I am convinced I have succeeded . I steeped the seeds of the various specimens exhibited at the Hi ghland Society ' s show in sulphate , nitrate , and muriate of ammonia in nitrate of soda and potass , and in combinations of these , and in all cases the results were highly favourable , For example , seeds of wheat steeped in sulphate of ammonia on the 5 th July , had , by the 10 th of August , the last day of the show , tillered into nine , ten , and eleven
stems of nearly equal vigour , while seeds of the same sample , unprepared , and sown at the same time , in the same soil , had not tillered into more than two , three , and four stems . . I prepared the various mixturesfrom the abovespecified salts exactly neutralised , and then added from eight to twelve measures of water . The time of steeping varied from 50 to 91 hours , at a temperature of about G 0 ° Fahrenheit . I found , however , that barley does not succeed so well if steeped beyond GO hours . Rye-grass , and other gramineous seeds , do with steeping from 16 to 20 hours , and clovers from 8 to 10 , but not more ; for , being bi-lobate , they arc apt to swell too much and burst . The very superior specimen of tall oatsaveraging 160 grains on each stem , and eight avail .
able steins from eacli seed , were prepared from sulphate of ammonia . The specimens of barley and bear were prepared from nitrate of ammonia ; tho former had an average often available steins , and each stem an average of 34 grains in the ear ; and the latter an average also often available stems , with 12 grains in the ear . lhe other specimens of oats which were next the most prolific , were from muriate of ammonia , and the promiscuous specimens of oats were from nitrates pt soda and potass—strong , numerous in stems ( some having not less than 52 ) , and not so tall as either the pi-eparationsfromthesul phatcoriniiriateof ammonia It was objected b y some that the tallest oats were too rank
and would break down before coming to seed ; but I have no fear of that , as they were strong in proportion to the hei ght ; and should there even be any ground for the objection ,-1 am confident that a combination of sulphates of ammonia and soda , or potass would rectify the excess of height , and render the grain equall y productive . From tho experiments which 1 have 1 already ( September , 1843 . ) tried , I am quite satisfied that even without the application of common manures , double crops , at least , mav thus be raised ; and under the application of the ordinary manures crops tenfold greater than usual . The various salts were prepared by me from their carbonates .
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BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesdays Gazette , J % 13 J ^ Sft ^ -r sar hTml 11 7 lawrence-lane , Cheupside , wavehouseman —John Brain , Winchester-nlace Pcntonville Zrl ? i ^ f -l \^ Sturl i S& fwar " vcki ? mnn AJ ? animl ^ r-William IIenry Webb StratfordmWr w arfingel ' -John Brook « s . Bucklee , Kidderr , rdw ' rCeS i ? rsWre ' mercer-Joseph Young Betts , % — ST- Btamy Mal P ' . Ba « i , victualler-John § SENl .. Talentire , Comberland , ship-owner _ William Danes , Liverpool , milkseller . r on , l a DECLARATIONS OF DIVIDENDS . I ' t ! sm ? ' ! " and J- Krauss , Manchester , calicoprinters , iirst dividend of 2 s 6 d in the pound , Wednesday , aiawi , awl any subsequent Wednesday , at the office 6 itr-pott , Manchester . «¦ a- » , 'S . Heaton Norris , hanker , first dividend of ifanclit t " > anj Wednesda y ' at the office of iMr - Polt >
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G . Sharp , Liverpool , grocer , dividend of 2 s Gd in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Morgan , Liverpool . H . Williams , Newborough , Anglesea , shop-keeper , divi-Uenii of 8 Jd in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Morgan , Liverpool . B . B . and B . G . Owen , PaU-mall , tailors , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , May 14 , and two following Wednesdays , at the office of Mr . Tuvquand , Old Jewry , City . J . Ayling , Leeds , cabinet-maker , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , May 14 , and two following Wednesdays , at the office of Mr . Turquund , Old Jewry , City .
DIVIDENDS . June 6 , T . G . James , River-street , Myddleton-siiuare , builder—June « , J . Hopkins and J . Dravctt , Arundel , bankers—June 6 , S . Cox , Brunswick-street , Stamfordstreet , horse-dealer—June 3 , R . Slade , sen ., Poole , merchant—June 3 , W . Attwiiter , Devonshire-street , Queonsquare , dyer—June 6 , E . Dollman , Church-court , Clement ' s-lane , merchant—June 4 , J . G . Todman , Gray's-innlane , licensed victualler—J line 0 , F . E . Blythe , Colchester , porter merchant-June G , W . Chandler , Miuories , chemist —June C , K . M . Herbert , Reading , tea-dealer—June C , R . Blunden , Alton , Hampshire , plumhcr—June 5 , II . Oxliorrow , Stockport , pawnbroker-June 5 , J . l ' eters , Godstone , Surrey , innkeeper—June ( i , G . Woolcott , Drowulow-mcws , Gray ' s-inn-lane , builder-June 4 , J . II . Hanlyman , Lovelane , Eastcheap , merchant—June 4 , 1 ) . W . Acramnn , Bristol , merchant—June 9 , G . D . Thomas , Worn , Shropshire , grocer-June 6 , J . Storey and J . Gibb , Liverpool , ship chandlers—June 3 , C , and A ., and J . l'otts , MonUwearmouth Shore , Durham , ship-builders-Junc 4 , Vr . Hall , Durham , grocer—June 4 , U . Spencer , Kewcnstle-upon . lyne , scrivener—June 4 , A . ami F . Atkinson , Newcastleupon-Tyne , colour-manufacturers .
Ceiitu'icates to be granted , unless cause be shown to the contrary on the day of meeting . June 5 , It . Cann , Woolwich , bootmaker—June u , C . S . Sweeny , Chester-place , Hyde Park square , apothecary—June 5 , S . JIurd , Rochester , dealer in chiim—June 5 , II . and W . Kimber , Water-lane , City , wine-inerchants-Juue o , 1 . Clegg , Deptford , coal-morchant-June 5 , E . Bumpstead , Halesworth , Suffolk , grocer-June 4 , J . G . Todman , Gray ' s-mn-lane , lieeused-victualler-June i , G . liarron , Uavies-street , Berkeley-square , builder—June 6 , i . Christ ) , Great Tower-street , City , whif-brokcr-June 0 , L . J . U . an . h ° - Vl - VamUmu , "Wood-street , Chcapside , dealers in artificial flowers-June 5 , 1 ) . Morton , Lower Thamesstreet , nslnnonger-June 5 , A . Radelitte , sen ., and-A . lladcliSe . jun ., llernntage-place , St . Jolm-street-road , patent glaziers diamond manufactuvevs-Juiie'i , G . FHntoff , Plymouth , bookseller-June 4 , G . Dickinson , South PortuiannicwsPortman
, -scjuare , farrier — June C , A . Green Brighton , apothecary-June 6 , A . V . Fulljamus , Bath auctioneer-June 3 , W . Hall , Claypath , Durham . grocer-June 3 , A . and 1 \ Atkinson , Newcastle-upon Tyn ' e , colourinanufacturcrs-June 3 , C . Watson , jun ., Darlington , Durham , tea-dealer-June 4 , T . Davison , Stockton-upou-Tees , grocer-June 13 , W . II . Lagoe , Atherstone , Warwickshire victualler-June G , J . Harley , Wolverhampton , Stafford , shire , plumber—June 3 , J . Wilson , Jermyn-street St James ' s , bootmaker-June 3 , T . Smith , sen ., Minto-street , itennondsey , wool-manufaeturer-June 3 , P . J . Papillon Leeds , wine-merchant-June 3 , W . Benbow , Liverpool merchant-June 3 , L . Davis , Ewhurst , Sussex , wine-agent —June 3 , M . Atkinson , Temple Sowerby , Westmoreland , banker-June 3 , T . Metcher , Southampton , plumber-June 3 , W . Knight , Manchester , oil-cloth-manufacturer —June 3 , J . North , Map ' s-row , Stepney-green , licensedvictualler .
PAKT . NERSIIIPS DISSOLVED . T . Chapman andJ . Dean , Liverpool , hoop-benders-C . Whitworth and J . Lightbvown , Blackburn , Lancashire , cheesemongers-C . Webb and It . Hancock , Bath , brush ! makers-G . S . Worthington and G . Vince , Lancaster wme-merchants-G . and G . N . Strawbvidge , Bristol , masons-W . Binns and G . Pilkington , Salford , Lancashire hnendvapers-M . and E . Hallum , Stockport , Cheshire cotton-candlc-wick-nianufacturei's-J . B . Moons , T ., and W . W . Ritchie , City , commission merchants : as far as regards J . B . Moens-J . C . Taylor , II . Humphrys , and J . Hurst , Manchester , linen-merehants .
Te. 9d., 4s. 6d., And 11s. Each Box ; Or, Post Free, Ss., 5s., And 12s. Copaiba And Cubebs Entirely Superseded.
te . 9 d ., 4 s . 6 d ., and 11 s . each box ; or , post free , Ss ., 5 s ., and 12 s . COPAIBA AND CUBEBS ENTIRELY SUPERSEDED .
Iiaitet Inuikgem* *
iiaitet inUIKgem * *
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Londo . v Smitufield Oaiiib Makket , Monday Mat 12 . —The late almost unprecedented advance considering the comparatively short period during which we nave had to trace the improved demand for the description of stock here alluded to ,, which hat taken place in the value of sheep in this market , has , as might be imagined , produced numerous inquiries as to the probability of the present quotations being supported for any length of time . As this is a natter of such vital importance to graziers and others , especially at a moment like this , when the transactions in store animals are becoming extensive , we sliall here lay before our readers a few facts conneclc'l with the cattle trade as it now is , and which ni ; . y preve interesting , and serve as a guide to present a ; . d
tuture operations in this and other markets . Assertions have , we find , gained currency to the effect that the quantity of stock in England , sheep in particular , ls w mn ll ? ' tn known for a series of ywtw past . We are quite read y to admit that hi miwc nil n ° S ( ; 'i 's from 1 » iinyoftheflockmasterabu ,. g compelled to ubuow of rfieir supplies at a much ear cr part oi the season than usual , in consequence ot the want of loddcr-the result of last year ' s protracted drought ) such is positively the case- yet we see no reason to jiM-ify the ' stsitemente lately published , that the aiTiva . ' s of s . kvp hither duruic the next three or four moiitiis will lu exceedingly limited So far as we have been enabloil to learn , the greatest deficiency appears to bo in t' c northern districts to which large numbers ofsi . tq . liave been lately sent from Norfolk , { SuffolkAc . ShiuiMhowever , the
num-, , bers of that stock shown hero p ; we even seasonabl y large during the present year , we conceive it is placed beyond a doubt they will be light wei ghers li'om the fact before stated . However we arc of opinion that- —though , on account , perhaps , of over abundant supplies , the present extreme rates may not be maintained during the next three weeks or a mouth—prices will proy , nove remunerative than was the case last year . Stili muc ' . i remains in the hands oi" the graziers themselves , for it must be evident that by sending us large numbers of any kind of live stock , a fall in value will be it necessary consequence . As an illustration of these remarks we may refer to last Friday ' s trade . On that day the numbers of sheep and lambs were nearly 12000—far above
, average ones— -while , to effect a clearance , the salcmcn were compelled to submit to a reduction of quite 2 d per 81 b in the quotations . As respceU the slaughtered condition of the sheep , we may observe that it certainly exceeds our previously-formed expectations yet we think the future supply of rough fat will be smaller than usual . There is one circumstance connected with this market demandingsomeattentionwe mean the transmission of stock per railway for it . It has frequentl y happened that the trains on some of the lines arrive in the metropolis too late for the day ' s trade ; hence very great losses arc thus incurred by the grazieis . When we observe that nearly a raoietv
ol the beasts and sheep now sold hero are received per railway , all will agree with us that it has become indispensably necessary that they should come to hand as advertised by the various companies . In the past week , three steamers , viz ., the Giraffe , Columbine and Batavier , have arrived iu the port of London irom Rotterdam , with live stock for this market , ihe number of beasts thus received has amounted to 125 head , in , generally speaking , good condition . At the outports , about 90 oxen and cows have been received Irom Holland . The above imports , added to those previously advised , form the following totals for the present
year—Oxen find Coivs . Sheep . London \ i % 900 Liverpool g — Huii . 184 ; : ;;; : ;;; _ Southampton — 3 Totals 1 C 80 lol The number of foreign beasts " neve to-day was 40 , the whole of which iound buyers , at prices varying 1 i . 'f ^ ^! eacu - *' ''om ou ' own districts the bullocii droves fresh up this morning were but moderate , and , for the most part , only of middling quality . I he attendance of bnycrs being tuicrably numerous the beef trade was steady , though not to say brisk , and last week ' s quotations were supported in every instance ; the primest Scots producing 4 s to 4 s 2 d per 81 b . Both the beasts and sheep were again suffering irom the epidemic , though instances of losses on ¦
the roads have not been so numerous as we have before had occasion to notice . From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , we received 1600 Scots , homebreds , and shorthorns ; while irom the northern districts we received 150 shorthorns ; from the western and midland counties 390 ilercfonls , runts , JJevons , « fec . ; from other parts of England 300 of various breeds , and from Scotland 40 ( 1 homed and polled Scots . With sheep we were scantily supplied tor the time of year , llCIlCC the liiultou ' tHulo wag steady at fully last Friday ' s cimm-ies , and a clearance was effected without difficulty . Fvoni the Isle ol Wight , 200 lambs came to hand per railway ; from other . parts recei pts were scanty ; yet the lamb trade was exceedingly dull , at a decline on last week ' s quotations of from 4 d to 6 u per 8 lb . Cakes , the supply of which was moderate , sokl heavily 011 somewhat easier terns . The pork trade was rather inactive , yet the prices ruled about stationary .
By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the oflal . T , s . A . s . d interior coarse beasts ... 2 830 Second quality . ... 3 2 3 « Prime large oxen .... 3 8 3 10 Prime Scots , &e 40 4 2 Coarse inferior sheep . . . 34 3 10 Second quality .... 4 0 4 2 rnme coarse woolled ... 4 2 4 6 Prime Southdown ... 4 8 4 10 {* " * » i 10 5 10 Large coam calves . . 1 « * » Prime small ... ' 444 s Suckling calves , each . . ! 18 0 30 0 Largehogs 3 0 3 6 J » eat small porkers . 3 8 4 0 Quarter-old store pigs , each . . 16 0 20 0
HEAD OF CATTLE OX SALE . ( Fvom the Hooks of the Clerk of the Market ) Beasts , 2 , 705-Sheep and Lambs , ' 20 , (> : > 0-Calves 72—Pigs , 315 . ' Liverpool Cohn Market , Monday , May . 12 . — * rom our own coast or from Ireland , we have had only a moderate supply of grain , meal , or flour this week ; but from the Baltic we have the Urst arrivals in several cargoes of wheat , from Rostock , Stettin , and Wismar . The only alteration in the duties is an advance of is . per quarter on harley . The general demand lor wheat since Tuesday has still been limited : but we have been able to move several parcels of the lower qualities of Irish to Manchester at u ' s . to Gs Id . per 70 lbs ., which is a new feature in that direction , lhe value or other descri ptions has been pretty well maintained , without , however , any activity of business . The sale of sack fJour has been steady at the reduced quotations . We have continued to exnP
nence a steady country demand for oals at fully late rates ; 3 s . per 45 lbs . has been easil y obtained for choice samples of Irish mealing , and 2 s . lid to 2 s . llid . for second quality . Oatmeal has also been 111 fair request , 24 s . ( id . to 24 a . Stl . being realised for good Irish manufacture . No change ;* wards barley , beans , or peas . In the bonded raai-1-. et , the principal business has been in Egyptian l .:-jms at 26 s per imptnal quarter , cost , freight , and insurance , to arrive , and 26 s . Cd . per quarter in stoiv here
Lmiipooi Cattle Market , Monday , May 12 . — lhcre is no alteration to quote in tbe supply or quahty ot stock at market to-day fr « n > that of last week Beef , 5 $ d . to OR ; mutton , 7 d . to 7 R per it 1 ii , i'niportca into Liverpool , rVcm the oth to onoi ^ ° ? A nl —Cows , 18 . 39 ; calves . 10 ; sheep , 8028 ; lanue , 3 G 0 ; pigs , 84 < Jl ; horns , fctt . Manchester Cons Market , Satckkat , May 10 . — ihe weather during the week has been showery and cold for the season of the year , easterly winds having for the most part prevailed . The Hour trade lor the same period lias varied little , if ai . y , from the tone of our previous advices , prime fresfi manufactured descriptions having continued to meet a moderate consumptive demand without material alteration m value ; whilst parcels that have been l « n » in warehouse could onl y be moved off by accepting comparatively low oners . A steady innuirv was ex ™ .
nenced ior both oats anil oatmeal , at fully former rates . At our market this morning but few transactions occurred in any description of wheat , and we repeat the quotations of this day week . In flotir no change cither in price or demand was apparent . Botli oats and oatmeal were in steady wquest , and fully supported the currency of this Ilsiy se ' nnight . Beans met a moderate sale , at previous rittes . RicuMoxn Gorx Market , May JO . —We only had a . thin supply of grain in our market , to-day . Wheat sold from 5 s . Cd . to Gs . Gd . ; oats , 2 s . < ld . to 3 s . ; barley , 3 s . 6 d . to 4 s . ; beans , 4 s . 3 d . to is . yd . per bushel . York Corn Market , May 10 . —We have a thin attendance of farmers to-day . Fresh threshed wheat is in better demand , at last week ' s pri-es . Barley dull sale ; oats and beans ns before
Maltos Corn Market , May 10 . —We have a fair supply oi wheat and barley , but moderate of oats , oflenng to this day ' s market . Wheat and barlev same as hist week ; oats a trifle lower .-TVheat , red , 44 s to 48 s ; white ditto , 48 s to 52 s per qr . of 40 st ! Barley , 27 s to 31 s per 32 st . Oats , Ud to 11 Jd per stone . ^ Leeds Corn Market , Tuesday , May 13 . —Our supplies of wheat , barley , and beans , this week are moderate ; of oats we have more offering than for some weeks past . In the value of wheat , to-day then is no material change , but the demand is conimed almost entirely to the best fresh qualities ; all stale chambered descriptions are very dull and rather lower The weather continues cold for the season and the inquiry for barley is , in consequence ,, kept up laswfctes ^ b " ° g ° ° rffre W *
Leeds Clotii TKADE . -During the past week tn » demand for woollen goods has &enlinK S W . tf sasf&jriffite pnee is anticpated at Oe present * ale \ i London .
'Jfottujtt Ibobemflite
'jFottujtt iBobemflite
Bankrupts, &T*
Bankrupts , &t *
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London Corn Exchange , May 12 . —Tke arrivals of wheat coastwise were very liberal during the past week , but those of barley and oats from our own coast were small ; of the latter grain , however , the receipts from Scotland and Ireland were good . Of English beans and peas the arrivals were very moderate , but of flour and malt more than a usual weekly quantity came forward . From abroad a few cargoes of wheat , a large supply of barley , and several thousand quarters of oats were received . At to-day ' s market the show of wheat by land-carriage samples from tho near counties was moderate , and there whs less barley offering than might have been expected , considering the extent of the arrivals ; of outs there was a good display , but of beans and peas few wore exhibited . The weather continues cold for the season of the year , and vegetation is generally backward . The demand for wheat was slow to-day , except for choice qualities , and even the best sorts were not dearer tlian on Monday last , whilst all other
descriptions moved p ff tardily at the rates tken current . The transactions in free foreign wheat were on u restricted scale , still lower terms were not accepted . The recently received Rostock cargoes were mostl y held at 52 s . to 53 s . per qr ., duty paid , —prices which the millers did not seem ranch disposed to pay . Flour hung heavily on hand , without being actually cheaper . Barley , whether of home or foreign growth , was extremely difficult of disposal ; in some cases low rates were taken for foreign—say 25 s . duty paid for Danish , weighing 52 lb . per bushel . Quotations of English barley remained nominally unaltered . Malt was nearly unsaleable , though offered at rather reduced rates . Oats , notwithstanding the somewhat liberal arrival , were held very firmly , and the business done was at the currency of this iky se ' nnight . Beans were held ls . per qr . higher , which checked t » e enquiry . Peas were saleable at fully previous prices . Canaryseed maintained its former value , and though he enquiry for other sorts of seeds was slow , quotations underwent little or no variation .
CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , PER IMPERIAL QUAltTEIt . —British . s s s t Wheat , Essex , & Kent , new & old red 42 48 White 49 fit Norfolk and Lincoln . ... do 43 47 Ditto 48 50 Nortlmin . and Scotch wliite 42 47 Fine 48 52 — Irish red old 0 0 Red 42 44 Wliite 4 fi 48 Rye Old 30 31 New 28 30 Brank 33 SB Barley C 4 rinding . . 25 26 Distil . 27 29 Malt . 30 32 Malt Brown .... 53 55 Pale 55 59 Ware 61 62 Beans Ticks old & new 33 30 Harrow 34 38 Pigeon 39 42 Peas Grey 35 36 Maple 37 38 White 37 39 Oats Lincolns < fc Yorkshire Feed 21 23 Poland 24 25 Scotch Angus 22 24 Potato 25 28 Irish White 20 23 Black 20 21 Per 2801 b . net . s s ! Pei-2801 b . net . 6 i Town-made Flour ... 42 44 | Nerfolk & Stockton 32 33 Essex and Kent .... 34 35 I Irish 34 35
Free , Bond Foreign . b s s t Wheat , Dantsic , Konigsburg , &c a- ' 56 36 ^ Marks , Mecklenburg « 61 32 T 3 * Danish , Holstein , and Friesland red 42 45 26 28 Russian , Hard 44 46 Soft . . . 44 40 26 28 Italian Red . . 46 48 White ... 50 52 28 32 Spanish , Hard . 45 46 Soft . . . . 48 50 28 32 Rve Baltic Dried , ... 28 30 Undned . . 28 30 18 20 Barley Grinding . 24 26 Malting . . 29 32 18 25 Beans Ticks . . 33 35 Egyptian ¦ 33 34 26 30 Peas White . . 36 38 Maple . . 36 37 28 30 Oats ! Dutch , Brew andThitk 24 20 19 21 Russian feed , 21 22 15 16 . Danish , Friesland feed 21 23 15 17 Flour , per l » ml 24 2 C 19 20
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J" " 1845 ' THE NORTHERN STAR .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 17, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1315/page/7/
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