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^ . LESSONS IX MILLINERY AND DRESSilAKING.
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CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY.
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THE KEff SCOTCH POOR LAW.
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATUKDAY, AUGUST !), 1845.
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Co fteatersi & Corospori&ente*
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DEATH OP WILLIAM TURNER, OF 1IO1W.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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MADAME G . U . 1 . IU . S , M . Xcw Bond- « treet , continues lu-r ^ M i .. :- n : « -tiiod of teaching tHe art of Dres s-MaKng . SJirui . tVnak « s to make i-. -rsons of she smallest capacity profiii .-. i ii : Cutrinir , Fittinj , ' , and Executing , in the iuo = t fmish .-i .- ' -vit , in -Six Lt-ssons . for One Pound . Her sujwrior nictl . « i « --in he fully substantiated by references to yui > ih . -: >! 'i iias never been equalled by any competitor . l {^ - Practise iiuurs from eleven till four .
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COALS . PROVIDE FOR WINTER . T ) ROVIDE . N'T iWJil . IES , subscribing Is . per week to X the Metr » jpo : ii : ii ; O < ial Company ' s Shilling Club , can obtain four hall ten-, annually , without further chargr , £ aes , £ c . The CoropanjV jt 5 < v tarrent is , Best Screened Wallsend , 2-3 s . per lull u > u ; S-jcouds , 21 s ., 22 s ., and 23 s . ; Coke , 17 s . Cd . Office . 279 , Hkh ! -oli > .. rn .
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CJEAP , ELEGANT , AND EXPEDITIOUS PRINTING . f ^ tOMMITTEE ? , Managers of Exhibitions , Concert-V- / rooms , Theatre * , ! :. nufitSocieties , and public bodies generally , nill li : ni i : much to their advantage to give their orders to T . . STi . TTER , 3 aud 4 , Church-row , Bethnal-grcen , Lon 2 i . ii . Cards , Is . per hundred ; Handfcills , by taking tweiitx thousand , 2 s . per thousand ; Posting-bills , 5 s . per hu-idred . Orders from the country , containing a ronitiase ^ , promptly attended to . Goods delivered within live siiilt- ; of London . Give your on ?« rs Ui ' £ . Stutter , 3 and 4 , Church-row , Bethnal-green , and .-um- at least fifty per cent
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A HINT Tii THE ECONOMICAL . ¦ JV . i irU j-crceiit . sattd . ALL Persona v . hi . u- iiii to save their money , will purchase their ii . lT ? at DUXX'S MANUFACTORY , 82 , Ohiswell-strevt , ri : i-. ! . ury , where there is only one profit from the maWa i ; : ; nd to the wearer ' s head . Silk Hats from 2 s . y . i , Heaver ditto from 3 s . 6 d . All goods Warranted to be si : D < k- iiom the best materials .
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COLOSSEUM . ¦ pATROXISEl ) :. !<•! vi > itcd hy her Most Gracious A MAJESTY ami liis IUiyal Ilighness Prince ALBERT . OPEN HA 1 LT from Ten till Six . Pronounced by the •'«•>• ., and confirmed by every visitor to be the most jk-i-iiri triumph of Art in its various branches , both bj >• : >} : m < l Sisht , that has ever been achieved . Eiju ; i ! ' . « Mx i-. \ liiliitioiis . The Glyptotheca , containing work > -if tlw first artists ; Mont Blanc and Mountain T . irro : its , Superb Conservatories , Gothic Aviary , Classic . ' . ' ikus und Fountains , Panorama of London , re-pai :: t < -4 l > v Mr . Parris , 4 c . Admittance , 3 s . Children , liaif- ; iriiv . The Stalactite Caverns , the most magnificent vt ail liie temples which nature has built for herself In ike r ..-i-iuns of night , Is . extra , EVE . VJNft EXHIBITION , Open from Eight till F . Wwn , consists of an entirely new panorama of London 5 iy night , erected in front of the day picture , the largest in the world , comprising 46 , 000 square feet , projected ami carried out by Mr . AV . Bradwell , and painted by Mr . Panson and Mr . Telbin . The Caverns , Mont Blanc , ami Torreu : ly night , the Glyptotheca and refreshment saloon , bri-iiautly illuminated , forming a promenade jicifiitiy uni que . The whole exhibition designed hy Mr . Jira . lucJ ! . Admission at the door 5 s . each . Family tickets to admit four persons , at 4 s . each , to be had at the XurtU Wlge , Colosseum , from Ten to Six ; and at all the principal Librar ? - and Musicsellers .
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JR 7 CKAKDSON , MA 2 STJFACTI-RING CUTLER , ESTAIiLFSHED 1 S 05 , St'ir tlic Churdi , Kensington . /^ t ARDEXEU S' Prawns , Grafting , and Budding Knives VT in Sbeatii , Is . fid . each ; shut ditto , 3 s . each . "These knives are made of the best materials ; I always use them . "— YUU the late Wm . Cobbett in his English Gardener . Best made Rwor > , i'Jack Handles , Cs . the case , or Ss . cadi ; mounted in 1 vorv a » d Silver ditto , 10 s . the case , or 5 s . each ; Good ISlari Handled Knives and Forks , 12 s . per Dozen ; Ivor ; lI : im ! Ud Ditto equally reasonable . Richabdsun ' s >* e » vi . v . isvested Ksife Boaxds , warranted to keep fciiivo ? with a good edge and clean , and also te give the forks a fine polish between the prongs . Three-foot Boards , cased with Leather and Cutlers' Com . position , as . Gd . each : ( Jardi-ncrs' Ditto , 2 s . By enclosing a Post-office onK-r i . n : ii : ] ii . attention may be relied on . Goods sent to any pan of tlio world . N . B . Wholesale . ' mil HctitiL
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TO THE WORKING CLASSES . IMPORTANT TESTIMONIAL . « We are always gntfuaUn noticing the laudable « xertious of the industrious mid provident among our fellow-labourers in the social vineyard , to avert from themselves an-3 families , as far as human foresightmay do , the calamities a ? t * ii < lant npon an old age of destitution , or a ]>; -rioil « f -wearisome inactivity and uselessness , through .- - < - k : i ' . > ss or accident ; and we will venture to say , that ui" w tli-. « extreme limit of what is called the middle class of society , :. li < .-reis no method so likely to attain the tibk-ci as the institution of securely based andjndiciously regiilaui ! i'eiiefit Societies . Ourattenfion was sonn' ti ^ ic- sir . o ? called to the suhject by the proceedings of *» u avwr . iant with our views , enrolled under the title of - 'THE ROYAL OAK BENEFIT SOCIETY , ' and ost .-iWiclu'd at the Mitre Tavern , St . Martin ' s-lane . Tii > - advantages proposed to the members appear ui K- nJcuiaieil upon a scale of liberality that requires uud ;!<< orves extensive support . From the result o ! " our •¦ xamination of their rules , and the satisfactory exjJaiiatiwis jjivea as regards their practical operations . , we < i « n « r now hesitate to recommend the society t ; . omr industrious and prudent man as highly descrviirgsiitfiition , whether viewed withieferenCi ; to its iiuiat-ili iu- or its prospective advantages . "Weekly Cliroi-itit , M-.: ) v ! i , IS 38 . FELLOW BKETHKEN , look to your owu interests , and hasten i « ji . ii- thai well-regulated Benefit Society , THE ttOYAi , OAK , established 1 S 37 . The Committce meet at ilu Milrc Tavern , G 8 , St . Martin's-lani , every Tuesday uvcikiist , at « i » ht o ' clock , for the admission of Members \ rliusc agos Uo nut exceed thirty-six years , being in good heallii , ami timir income arising from their business or eniji . vaiciit averaging 24 s . per week . The Society is enroled !¦ > Act of I ' arliament , aud is conducted upon an cconumira ! am ! secure principle . AU unnecessary fines are auol : simi , ait « it allows the members to belong to any vtlK-r =-. < ik-- _ v , a ? ilie same time being a member Of the Royal Oak . it has y . uH every demand made upon its funds , wl-. icii i :: c-sv- Si :. y < . ars amounts to £ 7 , 000 , and has a Funded Capital ,-i < 3 , <» m invested in the Bank of England , the intevc-1 of w ' tAth j > v , » Juces the Society upwards of £ 100 per ani < iWi . Tratic ? -iiien and mechanics , residing in the country , h . Wcv- r . ' . iM ::: it , are eligible for admission , VFtthout personal aniMiua : i « -. by filling a printed form and transmitting is n . ilic ^ ei-r . tary . Look around , and see the number oi * Suciriii * breaking up , when most needed , in consequents sri" the extra payments on a Quarterly Meeting bdi : g t . ' -.- heavy for a working man to meet ou a sudden deinauj . 'i'lns Jv-ck-iyboastsof the much wanted principle of a FisrJ tj ; ja : ! vrl y Payment , there being uu extras , as i « : )? o » i i . thcr- - . the Subscription is 4 s . per Calendar il < . i .= h . .-., i . ajiiMt- Quarterly , and no Fines ; so that cvrry uusui-. ! , ! i .. vrti « r diftant , is enabled to senu by Pust-oflu-e OnWr ijiv ;; - . li : > : ; ioimtof his Quarterly Subscription . Th-j : " vl ! vv . iiis « re the Benefits of the Society : — £ s . InSu-ki . t- > . ' -tT-. v ( .-c-k ... 0 IS Suj ' i-. ^ :: ! i ; v >; .-: > . ditto ... 0 4 Funeral f Death of a ik-jn ' . vi io < n Thesebenefits moucy \ l ) rt ,: j ! .. . ; ii . ¦« :-, ;•'? Wife 10 O ! are charged as Wif :- ' sj . ; . ; : a-jii i » 0 | extrasi : iother Lo « rln-r u- 15 0 j Societies . Entrance JKuii-y . •>;; . ::,. t ; , ] . uadcr thirty-two years of age—5 s . umif-- : mi- ;; .- » ix . Lose no th .: ;•; < .:: v , ; iuj ; your n-mas while in health and vigour {« - n ,..- \ : ! ,. i wJiat a day may bring forth ) . The Kules may I- at « -i » !^ r : itif ) at the Society House , or purchased , i > iii-v --i . « i-.-i :. l ' l-iutsd Jfonns and Prospectuses sent to »»» ¦ j- ? ri . _>; " u > _ - country , free , by enclosing a postage stain ] , tv : i :-.- Ssr .-si-t . wy , II . Hilu ' ek , 17 , Ccciltuurt , St . Mavfi :. % -l : i ! n-, Lviidmi .
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the iusTci : \ or the consulate and E-MHUE OF FRANCE . NOW ITHLISUIXG , In Weekly Nnmlti-rc . iiriivld ., and in Parts , price Cd .. TIIE IHSTOiiY Of THE COXSULATE AXD EMl'lliE 01 " FKANCE , umk-r Xapokoii , by Jl . Thieks , Author . jf i ] -. « History of the French Iteviihj . tiou , " late PiYS&eu ! -if ill-.- Council , and Member of the Chamber of 1 ' cj-uiic * . Conditions . —The work will be neatly printed in two columns , royal octavo , fr-jisi a ucwaud beautiful type , and on fine paper . Also uniform witu \ i . v i-Love . in Weekly Xunibers , price 2-1 , and in Monthly i " ii . priwS-. ' .., "THE PEOPLE'S EDITION OF TUn-iiS' ? i ! STO 15 V OF THE FRENCH llEVOLUliOX , " ii =: n ; ai tw ^ iKr four handsome volumes . On the coeij ;" :. -ii . i : c- r 5 te W ... rk . a --neral preface , introductory w - . he ihii , ! :. -fVa ! :,. ] --. .. ! . -. with . Tiifcs , Isd .-x . ic , will 1 ,-e £ « .-:., : > ,- fvr : asng ; , .- wiijilete standard classical b- » k w gemraJ reiVrcntt , and inicresii ! : g ptixsal . Oitlu-vasi ! :: ; v ! o >! --..- . ,: -ctvd with the important national events which u- » k v-Imu during the consular and iiaperial rule 01 X .-. inOi-. n tiii-re can be no quc-stiyii . In usuk-rtakiug lo rw ; J tii- events of this momentous Vtrioa , 31 . TJiiiss . from ! - " : < hi gh position in the State , iimlihcgwtl for ; m .-:- > .-Isaia possessum of a multipli-«» y «" or-gi : ia : and ffi ,-ia !« V < . uujwi : s , Avliicli embrace the Jai . uU-st d *; . ' , V . -.: : ; i : ifce instructions , orders , , ' u .. mctau-a V . : < . - . 5 .:. Jeo : i hlm =, di to his Ministers of State Privy ( Wh :,,, , iv ; . f .,. s JJaislnU , and o : l : cr =. Oi u ; c -uHc , * .. ? ,. ,. , ; -, a . r ; : ! ii : t , t 1 w -ipWsa ! e of t :, e liirve ^? i . V . . 7 . . Y ; ' " " " " " - ; v ' : iris «« i 2 i « . - J 5 : Wi . ^> .. J 1 . .-. si :-. ilj . *> :. ^ ... , . , , , , ; ., ^ , . , . ^ j ,,,., ^ .. ^ .
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TO BREWERS . JITR . HITCHCOCK still continues giving instructions ItX in those important discoveries in Brewing which have procured him such a high name among the Brewers of England . By adopting his system , acidity is entirely prevented , and a much greater extract is obtained than by any other process ; whilst the article is in every respect first-rate . Terms and references may be known on application at 21 , Little Tower-street , London . A respectable young person . wishes for an appointment as managing brewer .
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IMPORTANT TO BREWERS , MALTSTERS , FARMERS , &c . Just published , price 20 s ., free by post 21 s ., sold by all Booksellers , A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON BREWING , from raw Barley , with instructions for converting tho whole kernel of the Malt or other Grain used into sac charum , ensuring a gravity of 130 to 145 lbs . per quarter , together with instructions for Malting and for Brewing East India Pale Ale , Stout , ic , < tc . By Mr . Hitchcock , Professor of Brewing , 20 , Little Tower-street , London , author of a Treatise , shewing the cause , prevention , and cure of Acidity .
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THE variable state of the WEATHER has produced the numerous cases of low fever and debility existing at present , and is a sure indication of habitualcostiveness , caused generally by want of care in attending to the state of the digestive visceral organs . The only real remedy in such cases is LORD ELD 0 N"S APERIENT PILLS , which have been the means of positive cure to many thousands ; they are peculiarly adapted for persons of both sexes who are of sedentary habits , they are patronised by the nobility and gentry , andare the mildest and most efficacious medicine extant . Sold in boxes at Is . lM-. 2 s . 9 d ., and 4 s . Cd ., by Mcssrs . Barelaj-andCo ., 95 , Farrmgdon-street ; Sutton and Co ., 10 , Bow Church-jard ; Newliury , 45 , and Edwards , 65 , St . Paul ' s ; Sanger , 150 , Oxford-street ; and by all respectable Druggists and Medicine Venders in the kingdom ; aud wholesale at 13 , Great St . Thomas Apostle , London . TESTIMONIAL TO LORD XLDOJf ' s PlltS . Sir , —I have subjected to a careful chemical analysis the Pills prepared by you , and find them to consist of effectual but safe aperients without any mercurial preparation whatever . Yours , &c , A . URE , M . D ., F . R . S . 13 , Charlotte-street , Bedford-square , London .
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TEMPERANCE COFFEE-HOUSE . MR . J . FLACK , begs leave to inform his Friends and the Public , that he has taken to the Premises latelv occupiedby Mr . W . Swann , Drury-hiH , as a TEMPERANCE COFFEE-HOUSE , where he trusts , by attention to busi . ness , to be able to afford such accommodation as will ensure to him that patronage andsupport which lias been so liberally bestowed upon his predecessor . J . F . begs also to assure Gentlemen Travellers { com . mercialor otherwise ) , that they will find a comfortable Asylum under the roof of his Establishment , as every attention will be paid to tlitir wishes . Charges for Beds will be moderate . N . B . The A ' ortAern Star , Weekly Dispatch , Xdtiona Reformer , and XotUnglutm Review Newspapers , are constantly laying on the table . Nottingham , August , 6 th , 1845 .
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GENUINE TEAS AND COFFEES FOR THE MILLION . The cheapest place in London for Teas and Coffees is at the Warehouse , 24 and 25 , Regent Street , Westminster , near the Vauxhall Bridge Road . HTHE Proprietor , E . WARMIXGTOJf , takes this oppor . X tunity to return thanks for the liberal supporthe has received since he opened the above premises ; and to those who have not yet favoured him with theirpatronage , E . W . most strongly solicits a trial , feeling assured that the articles sold at the warehouse , both iu price and quality , will give universal satisfaction . Goods in any quantity sent free to all parts of London and the suburbs ; and persons in the country , by remitting a Post-office order , will find their instructions faithfully attended to . LIST OF PRICES . Black 2 Teas . s . d . s . d . Common Congou 3 0 to 3 2 Good ordinary , rather strong 3 4 to 3 C Strong Blackish Leaf 3 8 to 3 10 Ditto , or Pekoe Flavour , recommended to Economists , and not to be equalled at the price 4 0 Souchong , Fine 4 4 to 4 6 The best Black Tea 4 8 to 5 0 Being recommended from the best shipments . Green Teas . Twankay 3 6 Better ditto , 3 8 to 3 10 Hyson Twankay , ...,. „ . 4 0 to 4 4 Fine Young Hyson 4 8 to 5 0 HJS (> n 5 0 to 5 4 Ditto , Fine Flavoured 5 8 to 6 0 Fine Pearl Gunpowder 5 8 to 6 0 Mixed Teas . To drinkersof Mixed Teas we say , try our 4 0 Or our splendid mixture of all Fine Teas 5 0 Coffees . Ordinary Ceylon 1 0 to 1 2 The People ' s Coffee 1 4 Old Java , 1 5 Fine Uoclia , Jamaica , or any other fine Coffee , strongly recommended 1 8 Jf . B . Grocers , CoSle-shop Keepers , Co-operative Stores , andall large consumers supplied on the mO 3 t liberal terms .
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In a few days will be ready , iu one volume , foolscap 8 vo ., neat cloth , price 7 s . Cd ., THE PURGATORY OF SUICIDES : A Prison Rhyme : in Ten Books : BY THOMAS COOPER THE CHARTIST . J . How , Publisher , 132 , Fleet-street . 45 * Orders from the Country to be sent through , the Booksellers .
^ . Lessons Ix Millinery And Dressilaking.
^ . LESSONS IX MILLINERY AND DRESSilAKING .
Co-Operative Land Society.
CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY .
I hereby direct that all monies payable to me , as treasurer ti the Chartist Co-oparative Land Fund , must be trans , mitted as follows : —Eitlierby Bank order or Post-office order , to the " care of Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., 340 Strend , London ; " and payable to me , " W . P . Roberts . " Thai is , that mjr signature shall be required to each order . This direction is plain . For instance , say that Edward Ilobson , of Ashton , has £ 10 to transmit ; he is to transmit the same to Mr . O'Connor , by Bank letter or Post-office order , madepayaUeto W . P . Roberts . That order I can sign when I go to London , or when a parcel of them are sent to me . The two only things required to secure tlie triumph of Labour's battle are , union among the working classes , and undeviating
honesty and punctuality on the part of those who have the management of their affairs . I therefore adopt this plan , that we may have upon each other as many salutary checks as possible . This is adTisable , as much for our own mutual satisfaction , as for the satisfaction of the subscribers . I therefore request that these plain and simple instructions may be punctually attended to in all cases . To save additional xvstage , each letter containing a money order , may also eontain a list of the respective sums , and all other information necessavy for the gem-ml . secretary , Mr . Wheeler , to have ; which letter Mr . O'Connor will duly forward to him . " This done , there win be no puzzle about the accounts . W . P . Robekts , Treasurer . All orders should be made payable at 180 , Strand , London . —AV . P . n .
[ Tlii ' . above mode has Leon adopted at my suggestion , in consequence of the endless trouble I have had , owing to some parties sending nte Post-office orders payable to mi / order ; and somo to Mr . Roberts' order . Obseivance of the above very simple rule will insure uniformity , satisfaction , and protection . There is a difficulty at the branch Post-offices about getting monies , when the orders are not signed by the persons to whom they are made payable , Feabggs O'Cohsok . 1
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"Laws grind the poor ; and rich mm rule the laws . " The Bill for the amendment of the Scotch Poor Laws received the Koy . il assent on Monday last . That measure of flagrant injustice , and craftily-desii'iied oppression , is therefore now law ! It will not bu amiss to sec what iiik xatcke of that law ia .
Under the old system the relief of the poor was in the hands of the- Kirk Session . In town parishes this power was nominally in the hands of the magistrates ; but these generally left the management to the Kirk Session . The Kirk Session is an ecclesiastical court si " peculiar character , having legal jurisdiction ivitliiu the parish , and having authority to impose and fix the amount of assessments ; place " paupers
on the roll ; " and fix the amount of " aliment , " or rdk-f , to be allowed them . Against the decisions of the Kirk Session appeal might he made , under the old law , to the Court of Se .-siou—the highest legal court in Scotland , whose judgments were final . The Kirk Session is composed of the minister of the parish , the elders , and the heritors , or landholders The eiders are elected for life by the Kirk Session itseli .
| Lndor iLcswh 1 Izx ; the management of the poor , | is for all t : Ica " v ? ; n : r- < : ? -, coivfitod to the same ; niici's ,--i ; : c ;• : '¦! : " ' . •;?' . : ! :, —u :: der another name : : ; : ! i " ¦ ' " - ' ¦¦ - - : ; ; - ¦ .- ¦ . - . " AVki ' scrthise I ' smthis ' . ' v' "¦ " ' (¦ - ¦ ' ' - ¦¦ :. t-ttKlik ' p .
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sums have heretofore been , depends upon themselves : whether there shall be change , or no change , depends upon , whether the funds shall lie raised by assessment , or as hitherto by Kirk-door collections , and voluntary contributions : but whether there shall be an assessment will depend upon the Parochial Boards . Until an assessment has been resolved on , the Parochial Boards will consist of " the persons who , if this Act had not been passed , would have been entitled to administer the laws for the relief of the poor in such parish : " that is the Kirk Session is to retain its authority under another name . After an assessment lias been resolved on , the Parochial Boards in burghal ( town ) parishes are to be composed of a given
number of " managers" to be elected by the persons assessed , togetltermth four persons to be nominated by the magistrates , and four more by the Kirk Session in each parish . The number of managers , with the qualification and mode of election , is to be fixed in each case by the Board of Supervision . In landward ( country ) parishes , the new board is to be made up of heritors of £ 20 a year and upwards ; the Provost and Bailies of any royal burgh in the parish being assessed to the poor , and not more than six members of the Kirk Session , —together with as many more members as the Board of Supervision shall think fit , to be elected by such heritors and occupiers as are not themselves qualified to be members .
Kow , here it will be seen , that to all intents and purposes the Kirk Session in each parish will continue , as before , the administrators of the law . A majority has onl y to vote that there shall be no assessment , and they retain their power unchanged . Even if an assessment is resolved upon , the Kirk Session and the heritors , —partners in fraud and injustice , —will still retain the "lion ' s share" of power . Where assessments are resolved upon , the number of managers , their qualification , &c , will be fixed by the Board of Supervision . The composition
of that board ( which we shall presently describe ) , will show our readers that anything like equal right and equal justice guiding the decision of that Board are not to be thought of . The fact is , this bill is designed to perpetuate power in the hands of those who have hitherto so vilely abused the trust reposed in them by the law , ruling the poor with a rod of iron , and condemning the indigent , the aged , and the helpless to the most wretched state of existence . Are such the men who should be entrusted with the guardianship of the poor ?
We have before-time shown the way in which the poor have been hitherto treated by the robbers and hypocrites who will have to constitute the Parochial Boards under the new law . We have shown that in the parishes where the poor were best provided for , old men , and widows with families ; have been allowed such munificent sums as Is . Cd ., 2 s ., and 2 s . Gel , weekly ; that in five counties containing a popula " tion of 340 , 926 , the average allowance was but 21 d . a week ; and in the parish of Cricch , in Sutherlandshire , the poor received as little even as one shilling yearly : or something less than a farthing ' per iveek ! These damning facts sufficiently testify , without
repeating the horrible tales of individual and general suffering which have already appeared in this paper , or adding fresh statements of a like horrible character ; these facts , exhibiting the amount of " rcliei ' hitherto provided for the miserable and impotent , show plainly the incompetence of the Kirk Sessions and heritors to be entrusted with the administration of the law ; and the certainty that if they are so entrusted , they will continue to keep the poor in that state which has been described as " something indescribably vile and abject , " the lasting disgrace of the Scottish name , and the wonder of civilised humanity .
The new law appoints , however , a second depositary of official power in the shape of an Inspector of the Poor . The bill requires each Parochial Board to appoint and pay one or more , of these officers in each parish . His duties will be to inquire into the state of the poor ; keep a register of , and visit , at least twice a year , those receiving relief , and keep an account of the amount paid to them ; also to keep a register of those applying for and refused rdief ; and to report to the Parochial Board and the Board of Supervision . He is to be liable to sus - pension , * or dismissal , by the Board of Supervision ; and is to represent the Parochial Board in all legal proceedings .
I his office , though having a new name , is , like the Parochial Board , not really new . It was the duty of the Kirk Session in each parish under the old law , to appoint a Deacon-superintendent of the poor—though it was a duty but seldom fulfilled . The 'Inspector will be the servant and creature of the Parochial Board , appointed and paid by them , and is sure , therefore , to prove a very obsequious instrument in the hands of his paymasters , and masters in every sense of the word , He is certainly liable to dismissa l by the Board of Supervision : but what likelihood is there of tluxt , no matter what are his sins of commission or of omission , if he is backed up by the "respectable" gentlemen composing the Parochial Board ? which he is sure to be if he shows himself the willing tool of those above him .
We now come to the third and highest depositary of power—the Board of Supervision , which is sonicthing similar to the English Board of Poor Law Commissioners . This board is to consist of nine members ; six ex offieio , viz ., the Lord Provosts ofEdinburg and Glasgow ; the Solicitor General of Scot land ; and the sheriffs of the three counties of Perth , Renfrew , Ross-and-Cromarty—and three others to be appointed by the Queen . One of the Queen's nominees is to receive a salary ; and there is to be a void Secretary . Each of the three sheriffs is to receive £ 100 a year while a member ' of the Board .
The rest are to receive no emolument . They are armed with powers of inquiry ; to have chambers in Edinburgh , and meet there ; and to hold at least two general meetings in each year ; to keep a record of their proceedings ; and to report annually to the Secretary of State , giving a full statement as to the condition and management of tl . e poor throughout Scotland , and tho funds raised for their relief . They are to have a general control over the Parochial Boards , and may a tend their meetings , either in person , or by one of their officers , and may join in the discussions , but may not vote .
The powers of this Board , it will be seen , are limited to inspection , and inquiry ; and its duties to an annual report . True , it may exercise some discretion in the reorganization of such Porochial Boards as may choose to disolve themselves , by adopting an assessment . This Board also possesses some power in the uniting of burghal polishes , controlling expenditure in poor-houses , and some other minor matters ; but the power to compel IMPROVEMENT in the most important matters is altogether wanting . There is one odious power entrusted to this Board , for which indeed it has mainly been called into existence .
We have on former occasions alluded to the case of Widow Dcscax , of Ceres , who , with five children , applied to the Kirk Session for relief . In reply the Kirk Session awarded her " belief" at literate of a penny a day for herself and her five children ! The widow found a friend in a Mr . Spexce , who , thinking this sum an insulting pittance for the support of six persons , carried the case before the Court of Session , and the Lord Ordinary decided against the widow . Mr . Spexce determined to persevere ; and he took the ease before what is called in Scotland "the Inner House , " and there gained a remarkable
decision m favour of the widow , which raised her pay , and ordered the parish to pay her in hard cash JE 1 S for arrears . This was in accordance with the opinion of Lord Jeffrey , who said that "the right of the poor to a sufficient support was even preferable to the claim of the lord of the land . " This decision , from ivldch then was no appeal , excited the utmost " consternation" amongst the heritors , more particularly when it was found that the roor in other part ? , stimulated hy the success of Widow Dcscas . ¦ - ¦ - •¦¦<¦ -i- - ¦ ¦ . .. .. i ¦ : ;>! .. ' ¦ , ;; . !; <¦¦ . - ; ¦¦ fo ( " '¦ K
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pel an adherence to the law which provided that the poor should be furnished with " needful sustentation . " Amongst others who had recourse to the " appeal" to the'jud ges , was one A . v . v M'Donald , belonging to tho Duke of Sutiieiuasd ' s parish of Fan * . This poor creature—a deformed crippled dwarf—was allowed from the Kirk Session 2 s . a year . In January last she applied to the Kirk Session for further relief , and received for answer , that the Kirk
Session could not be troubled with such applications ; and a threat to send her to the Edinburgh workhouse . She at last applied to the Court of Session for an order to compel the Kirk Session to judge her case ; and she stated that no law-agent could be got to act for her , from the fear of offending the heritors . The Court of Session ordered her case to be considered within eight clays ; and the result was , that the Kirk Session then a greed to allow her Is . Gd . per week .
The new law , whilst nominally retaining " the appeal" to the Court of Session , so fetters it as to render its ewctse quite at the mercy of the Board of Supervision , amounting in reality to the deprivation of the right of appeal . The Commissioners of Inquiry made the proposed abrogation of this right the principal point in their report . They proposed , in plain terms , that" the appeal to the Court of Session should be taken away . " They added , that they considered it " not desirable that there should be any appeal from tbe decision of the parochial managers as to the amount of allowances . "
This was plain and . straightforward ; an advising of the wholesale robbery of the rights of the poor in no mincing terms . But this open and avowed contempt of justice and right was too honest far Sir James Gbaiiah and the Lord Advocate . They , therefore , proposed to obtain the same end by other and more Whiggish means . The right of appeal is to be nominally preserved ; but the Board of Supervision is constituted the authority for deciding betwixt the " pauper" and the exercise of his right ! Thus , by clause 72 , it is provided " that it shall not be competent for any court of law to entertain or decide any action
relative to the amount of relief granted by parochial boards , unless the Board of Supervision shall previviously have declared that there is a just cause of action . " This clause , while it nominally confirms the right of appeal , makes its exercise solely dependent upon the Board of Supervision . As the law now stands , should the Parochial Board refuse a claimant any reJief , or should only award him what he may deem inadequate relief , say 2 jd . a week—the claimant may appeal to the Board of Supervision . That Board will then make 'inquiry" into the case ; and if the Board considers the claimant ' s case to be well made out—" a good
case "—the Board has the power of granting " interim relief" to the claimant , with a pass permitting him to go before the Court of Session and litigate his claim ! But this appeal to the Court of Session , it will be observed , is only permissable by leave of the Board of Supervision . On the other hand , if appealing from the decision of the Parochial Board , the claimant should have his claim disallowed also by the Board of Supervision , he cannot , as heretofore , carry his complaint before the Court of Session . He is not permitted to make his appeal to his ancient protectors . He is out off from all redress . He may crawl to his hovel , or the dyko-side , and starve and die .
Such is the nature of the " amendments" that the Whig-conservative , Sir James Graham , and his fitting colleague , tho Lord Advocate , have made in tho Scottish Poor Law . They are much akin to the famous Whig amendments in the English law some ten years ago , —passed to reduce the English working people to a " coarser sort of diet . " The English " amendments" took from the magistracy the power ofcompeZhVu ? relief , incases where it was refused by the overseers of tho Poor : and in the Scotch law just passed , the " power of appeal , "
though nominally left , is so hampered with provisions , and clogs on its exercise , as to rentier it nugatory—dead . The force of public opinion , hosvevcr , in England , has forced even Sir James Graham to eat the " principles" of the English " amendments , " and return , in good part , to the practices in relation to the poor that formerly obtained : and , if we do not mistake the character of the Scotch people , the workings of their " new law" will raise such a storm about the ears of the Executive , as to make even ironhided Sir James glad to further "amend" his " amended Scotch Poor Law . "
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INC COGNOMEN TO IT TO IMPOSE WITH but « - little credit attached to his signature ! llc SC ° > of our past friendship for him ; but what has o ' , Uscs us hie imitation to Mm , tonukeour hou , ehi 3 ' hOZ T ' ilacame apoorpitiablebeggartovs—what lias tint t ' i ''* tne question ? W £ have aiw * m hem a J i'h Repealer , as well as Chartist . We have never " i W donuil any of our principles , " and retained tl " only ; " in fact ; the name is the first thin- » w " " would abandon . " ™ ! l n > au John Holt , Dewsbdry We fear that lle llas medy . His mode of addressing his" hag" was ]_ " ° r ° * out of that laxnesslms arisen all his trouble and ' " pense . He should have addressed it » t 0 bul " ^
, u Law Dvson ' s WacKon Warehouse r >„ .. ! .,. ! lt Law Dyson ' s Waggon Warehouse , Rochdale .-, called for : " and then he would have had -rouiiV ' action if not forwarded in regular course . ° Fw ° * thing he now knows to the contrary , the bag , ; ! JT forwarded , and given into the charge of sunu-L 1 * other at" the railway station , Rochdule , " » - ] l 0 ( , ' ; , bye , were not louni to take charge of it \ , ties sending goods should be careful how th w . ' " dress them ; for if they consign them to the cur , parties whose consent has not been obtained , or u ' | ' arc not bound to accept the trust , they will ' havo J 1 stand to all inconvenience and loss consequent on ill own neglect or error . "
Thomas Roberts , Alexandria . —« find that « e \ vcr wrong the other week in saying that Mackintosh ! ]¦ !» trical Theory and . Dugdale ' s edition of l ' ainc ' s C ' onmfJ Works were to be had . The advertising of these work / as in the market , led us into the error . We now ic ; , ~ from the London publishers of that class of works that some numbers of the Electrical Theory are out o ' print j and that Jfr . Ifeywood , the original publisher has consequently been unable to supply orders sent to him months ago by Mr . Watson , Air . Cleave , and jj Hethcrington . The numbers , however , as wu Uo : ir ' aro re-printing ; and when completed , the book wiu ^ kept in stock by the parties above-named . Of ]) , diile ' s edition of Paine ' s Works there is but one portioa published ; but there is an edition on constant s ; i ! c | , Mr . Watson , which for neatness and cheapness has no ; yet been surpassed . Mr . Cousins , too , has an edi tion in the market ; so that no admirer of Paine ' s wri ting ; need be without the works .
Inquiry . —Can any of our Hull friends inform us ivliere a letter would reach Mr . Win . Jackson , who fornisrl j resided at Vnuxhnll-place , Hcssle-road . ? Inquiry . —Could any of our Mansfield friends inform us where Mr . W . Woodward , formerly news-agent j Mansfield , is to be found ? John Mubrat , Manchester . —No money for the Char , tist Co-operative Land Society can be acknowled ged till it has been regularly transmitted and received fot the treasurer . To do otherwise would cause endless confusion : there are plain directions given as to the mode of transmitting money , and the parties to w ! i ' it should be addressed : Let those directions bu abided by , and there will be no cause of complaint , citliuv ( f the senders or of the receivers . John Uray , Durham . —The lines are not" poetry , " aaj therefore , are not admissible . H . Smith , Liverpool . —Wecannotspareroomfor an at dress of a mere local nature .
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More " riiiENDsinp , " on Canvas . —J . 11 . O'U . Dadued Out by John Watkins . —After ^ we have given the estimate of John Watkins ' s ^ powers and capaci ty by his " friend" J . B . O'B ., it would be cruel to withhold Ms quiet rejoinder , ltespecting " THE National Reformer " Iriend John says : —Our first public difference ( which is all the public is concerned with ) was on occasion of his going to meet the Sturge party at Birmingham , and offering himself to them for sale ; but there were other " lots" for whom they bid , or whom they bought ; not , pcrltaps , because ( hey were cheaper , but because they prel ferred them . Our AMonal Ae / ormer was obHsjed to "BUY HIMSELF IN , " if we may so speak , and the middle classes ( who knew him only as a bitter enemy of
theirs , and who did not want him for a friend—indeed , they had rather have him as enemy than friend ) , not wishful to have anything to do with such a suspicious customer , they left him to himself , and he fell back again upon the Chartists , his last reserve hi 3 forlorn hope . We witnessed all this with disgust , and should have publicly denounced him at the time , if we had not been restrained by motives of pity for his helpless family . We confess that no private or personal considerations ought to have prevented our public duty on that occasion ; and we had not suffered them to do so , when pre viously impelled to denounce Lovett ; but we were not sufficiently the ancient Roman to resist the tender claims of compassion . Many minor differences that happened betwixt us we now pass over , because we them
passed over at the time , and wo come to the period when he went to the Isle , where all the insolvents go who want to escape from their creditors . We had made up our mmd not to write to his paper , —first , because it would appear inconsistent for an Independent Chartist , whose motto is "England for the English , " to write to an Irishman s paper , whose readers and correspondents Wercsupposed to be his disciples . Secondl y , we wereno uiscmle of his , as he well knew , and , indeed , we differed materiall y from him on all points , except the franchise Hut he earnestly entreated our correspmidence , and we at length complied , intending to regards paper merely as an organ of communication with the people Tothiend we stipulated that , as we should put our name to all we wrote , and be responsible for it , he was to let it
speak for itself , and not to meddle with it ; in short , that we were to let each « ther alone , and only think OF FIGHTING THE COMMON ENEMY . Ho COUld not keep to tms-fte grew jealous of the reputation which he fancied we were acquiring , and began to nibble at vs . We soon found that he disliked independent Chartism as much as thegreat Imperialist did , and that Uwanted his rival down only that he might mount the roitmm in his stead ms conduct as a joumalistwaspartial , trick y . mean selfish w a word despicable . He deprecated our attacks on the Imperialist , but very soon commenced attach , ing him himself . Before inserting an article which we had sent him , ' On the way to get the Char ter , " he walkedoverthe ground wehad taken , and then " V ?^ ' « ™\«* *»*•
-. usmuappre henied by his readors . Finding his failure in tlmin-Btance , he burkedthe remaining part of the article , though he inserted an attack on us personally from one of his rival s tools ; and when we forwarded an article not in reply . forwe wouldnotcondescendto reply , or even n'une such aiontcmptibleantagonist , butsotourself rMit he refusedinsertimi to it . Thus , like Burke and Bare hehn ' iud us to become a correspondent to his paper , togain an opportunity to distort and destroy us , as a , public writer if wssi lie . We had said that we regarded the franchise as a thing to be exercised for the public good , and that the man who exercised it for individual or party purposes t meaning
verour , as though it were subversive of principle . We had also asked him , as he decried all inve " menta of mouevu , ttwlmu , or the public fund * , w afl e consulereda moral or legal investment ; andhe reriS tha ^ econ . ideredallinvestmentsequally moraio K Couldweregardsuchaman as a NationalUetorn i- ? A Mtwnal Reformer ! He owM tint t * , "' . Mortals ofreformi ^ Sat ! % t'S deredhis land views as viaionarv ,,, 5 v 5 ES = i = ! ymousl y and gratuitousl y cau 1 lot be v ^ v " selWi . 1 U „ moru lmHe to the c , a : g ,, V ,, , 1 I 0 « , fcflt set : ft .- ow »™» i >! c name , hwb tack I *> k s ^ und .
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It is with the deepest regret that wo have tort cord the demise of Mr . 'William Turner , of lloptot , in the neighbourhood of Dewsbury ; a regret wliitf will be shared by every individual who had the ine timable pleasure of knowing the subject of 05 obituary notice . A rare and true spirit lias t !» parted from us ; and the loss will be severely I ' ci Ho was one of the old stamp ; one whose feiiiiu ? and notions , and actions , were thoroughly Emjlki English in the best sense of the term—Saw While thoroughly despising the maudlin affectati ! of the age , his whole life was one continued <> m ! e
vour to promote the happiness of all around liiu This he did not do as an act of condescension ; ' did not ape an humility he possessed not ; he diilS because it was his nature to do it ; and hisvunmri the doing of it was such as to make those subject 3 his influence love and reverence the man because ' & was i mas—a being , who while he manifested tis ssnsibility and a real sympathy with the goodness i human nature in his acts , awakened similar foelto ? and love in others . In conversation he was free , ope ; candid , sprightly , witty , and clear . He was nota culture ofform—but of nature . All hesitancy of mani * and uneasiness vanished in his presence , ills easy d winning deportment now on the most bashful ; d few moments' contact sufficed to warm inte life t * ^
most retiring . In profession he was a solicitor : 2 ' one of the harsh and griping sort ; for there ^ duties in connection with his profession that wc # would not have induced him to perform , lie «* never consent to become an instrument of j >« viWtJ- nor of visiting the law ' s heartless rigours on the llt : i and the needy . In politics , he was a man of no part though he bitterly hated the Whigs , because of tl * insincerity and gross deceit . He fully admitt&i , fl right of the whole people to the suffrage , ami ai * their efforts to obtain it . He was a constant rea * of Cobbm ' s Register ; and fully agreed with that t : ^ teacher on the question of the Currency amUhel * It will ever be a matter of proud satisfaction !»' that he was also a constant reader and preserver
^ the Northern Star . To had have with us the goodff nion of such a man , in the contest for princip le ^ we have had to engage in , more than compensn ^ the deadly opposition of the interesteJ , or the p * snarlings of the envious and the jealous . The r *^ brance of tho many hours that we have passed i »' company , listening to the sound and truthful d >* J tions on " men and manners" he was wont to i' * in , will never ^ ass away while memory holdsit' ^ He was one of the few rare spirits whese » * never palled ; one who awakened the deepest \' pathies and highest aspirations of our common i ^ His death was announced to us on Wednesday «¦ ing , in tho following terms , by one of tlicyoun ^ of his office . It is not often we hear solicitor * '
speaking thus of their " master : "Hopton , August 5 th , 1815 . —Dcav Sir , —^ J ; U is no move ' . The spirit of him , whose wit ana u « A versation so oft hath cheered us , left its "cl : i )' ^ a little before six o ' clock this morning . 1 Ic \ n 4 lieve , suffered much ; hut has , to use his o « i ^ " 4 kd ivithout grumbling . " Mr . T . will be bo th » ' -j ^ lamented : and verily may we say of him , f % h of Shukspeare , "He was a man , take him > ° j we ne ' er shall look upon his like again . "
The Keff Scotch Poor Law.
THE KEff SCOTCH POOR LAW .
The Northern Star. Satukday, August !), 1845.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATUKDAY , AUGUST !) , 1845 .
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^ RECEIPTS OF THE CHARTIST CO-OPERATIYE LAND SOCIETY . PICK BIB . O ' CONNOK . £ S . d , Thomas Allen , Spilsby , one share 2 12 o Stockjtort , per T . Woodhouse .. .. .. .. 5 0 0 Cockermoutli , per George i ' eat 3 1 G j Edinburgh , from Alexander Cameron .. ., S ]; Derby , per Win . Chandler 2 o q Dewsbury , per P . W . Sucksmith .. .. .. 4 12 2 Alva , per John Robertson 9 15 j Liverpool , j < er John Arnold •• •• •» .. 2 o i ) Hamilton , per Win . Weir 2 0 J Glasgow , per J . Smith .. 2 10 2 Bradford , Wiltshire , per G . Mansfield , jun . .. 0 13 o The Artichoke Inn Locality , Brighton , per G . Giles 2 13 j PEIt CENEEAL SECRETARY . INSTALMENTS . £ s . d . £ 9 . d . Mr . Dunn 0 14 Reading 0 12 ; Mr . Sherlickcr .. 0 1 1 T . A . Culcford .. „ oil Mr . Willis , Bo- Ashton-under-Lyne 0 13 { clicstci | 0 14 Pudsey , Waterloo .. 2 0 5 Persliore 0 9 4 Holmtii'th 0 10 3 Bristol 0 4 0 Whittington & Cat 0 4 3 SHADES . Whittington & Cat 5 19 0 Mr . Walker .... 0 2 o Mr . Livesay .... 0 2 6 Scarborough .. ,. 8 Q 0 Mr . Wyatt , sen . .. 020 Mr . Dickson .... Old J . Wjatt , juii .. .. 006 T . li . C . and Sons 1 10 J Westminster .. .. 210 0 Heading 2 01 ) Mr . Willis , Ro- Lambeth 4 C j Chester 112 0 Mr . Sherliuker ,. 01 t CARDS AND RULES . Arbroath 0 2 0 Ovenden 0 1 0 Ashford 0 12 Holmflrth 0 3 5 Heading 0 0 6 Whittington it Cat 0 0 I The 19 s . named from Rochdale last week should huvi been from lleywood , $ 3 ?* It would much convenience tho treasurer if facll person sending money by Post-office orders , would tale care to make the order payable at the branch Post-office , 180 , Strand , London . They have but to name this when they obtain tho order , and their request will be attended to . TnoMAS Mahtin Wueeub .
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NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . . EXECUTIVE . PER MR . O ' CONNOB . £ 8 . 1 Newport , Isle of Wight , per T . Self o 51 ) Stockport , per Wm . Wright o 10 1 Prom a few Chartists in the East Ward , Leeds .. 0 10 I Burnley , per Henry Holland 0 6 1 Haslingden ditto o 1 i Haggate ditto 0 1 j WhcatleyLane ditto o 21 PEE GENEEAI SECRETABT . SUBSCRIPTIONS . ... £ s . d . £ s . l Liverpool 1 0 0 Crown and Anchor 0 2 i Lumbuth 0 2 C Westminster .. .. 0 i ) i VICTIM FUND . Lambeth j { j Newport , Isle of Wight , per T . Self .. .. ' . ! 0 3 i Thomas Mautin Wueeleu , Secvetaw .
Co Fteatersi & Corospori&Ente*
Co fteatersi & Corospori&ente *
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ANNEXATION OF TEXAS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES . Is the last number of our well-conducted cotemporary , tho Tyne Mercury , we find the following reniarks on the Annexation question , which we deem of sufficient importance to call for all the prominence we can give them , and a special recommendation to the consideration of every reader of the Star . They are from the pen of T . Doubleday , Esq . ; and place the question , and its probable consequences , in such a light , as to make it one of surpassing interest to every well-wisher to the gigantic experiment of selfgovernment , on democratic principles , now in course of developement on the American Continent . One
tiling is certain : the policy of Jacksos , and Van Burex , and Polk-, is to confederate all the peoples on that Continent into one gigantic Federal Union . and appearances indicate that the hold which tho ' European States still retain on different portions of that immense territory will be loosened and snapped off , as surely as that the first batch of States declared and achieved their independence of Britain . Texas is annexed . The Oregon , or all the valuable portion of it , goes next . Calinornia is marked out . Emigration from the States is already setting in to that quarter in full tide . These two regions will soon become " annexed , " as surely as that Texas now is " annexed ; " and how long will it be ere the Caxadas in the North , and Mexico in the South , follow ? Read the following ; and answer : —
That which we have again , and again , and again predicted , has now taken place ; Texas is annexed to , and now forms " part and parcel" of , the United States of North America ; and this is done , as we also predicted , without " Bank-note-maximum " Peel , or any of his organs of the press , daring to utter one hostile word , or breathe one breath of remonstrance , now that this great event has actually occurred . As for the language of the Times , which in this matter is the organ of the Jews , it is deplorable and lamentable in its utter and thorough degradation . The very " base string of humility" is sounded . " Captain Bobadil" did not submit his
back to the cudgel of " Downri ght" with more Christian resignation than does this Jew-organ submit to the triumph of the United States and the democratic statesmen of the Republic . Not a word does it hint of " resistance" either on the part of Mexico , or England , her ally . The whole transaction is treated as unfait accompli . It is not to be gainsaid . Mexico is to succumb because England dares not resist ; and the foundations of a New Republic , to be added to the already great federation of the United States , are quietly laid and cemented by the dread of " a money panic" and a disruption of that pretty thing , fivesixths paper and one-sixth coin , which PEEL-th ' e-wise calls a " well-regulated currency !"
Uus is the real key to this mystery . As to the disgraceful position in which this country is placed by the event , no man with brains in his head can for a moment doubt . This is our-position .. In 1 S 23 in revenge for the march of the Due d'Angoulemc into Spain and the triumphant overturn of the English system and intluenoe , Canningi induced the then British government , at length , to recognize theindependence ol the revolted Spanish American colonies , which France secretly wished to reconquer . This
move , as far as it went , was good , and showed some spirit . It threw these governments and their trade into the arms ( asit were ) of England ; and , especially it made Mexico her friend . The Mexican govern ment , however , speedily degenerated into a military despotism ; and Texas , bordering upon the States and peopled partly from thence , determined to throw off the yoke , and declared herself accordinglyindependent . The astute Cabinet of Washington at once ncoyiiwl Texas , while Mexico prepared for w ; - .
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against the revolted province . Thus was England in " a hitch . " Bound by treaty with Mexico , she was bound to assist her , especially in case of interference by the United States . War was out of the question ; for these events were taking place when the moneypanic of 1825 had nearly sent all by the board in England . To patch the matter , therefore , this plan was resorted to . England acknowledged Texas , and guaranteed her independence as a separate State , undertaking to " mediate" between her and Mexico . In this . Mexico acquiesced so far as to drop hostilities ; but she reserved her claim to proceed , should the guarantee bo broken , by any federal union of Texas with the States . Thus then this " causus belli" has
arrived : Texas is annexed ; Mexico is in a state of hostility witli the whole United States , of which Texas is now part and parcel ; and England is bound by treaty to assist Mexico ! To suffer Mexico to go to war thus , whether singly or not , " Bank-noteraaxium" Peel no more dares , than he dares jump off the Monument . Hence the quiet acquiescence of all the organs of the press in this act of Texas ; and hence every means will now be taken to prevent Mexico from an actual rupture with the Republic of the United States .
In the meantime , together with this news , arrives Mr . Maclase , the special envoy of President Polk , to arrange the dispute as to the " Oregon Territory . " We , of course , have no means of knowing what instructions Mr . Maclane brings with him ; but we cau state them with nearly as much confidence as if they were before us . He will first put in the entire American claim , which is for the Oregon Territory up to about the fifty-fourth or fifth degree of north latitude . This will give him plenty of elbow-room The American Republicans do not really care for any
present possession of this territory north of the great river Columbia . Mr . Maclane will accordingly be very " liberal" in his ultimate negotiations . He will give the degraded and baffled Peel a plaster for the " Texas" sore , which the American cudgel has just made , in the shape of " concessions ; " and the result will be , that tho country north of the Columbia will bo for the nonce added to Canada , and " Bobadil " Peel be allowed to boast of the " extremely favourable- terms" on which he has settled the Oregon question .
But this" quo" will not be conceded by Jonathan without a " quid ; " and that quid will be an acquiescnee in the claims now going to be put in by said Jonathan to the rich territories of New and Old California . Upon these American ambition is now bent . Theyncverreally belonged to Mexico . The settlements there were made by tiie Spanish Jesuits ; but Spain never had military possession of these beautiful regions . After the revolt of the Spanish colonies the Jesuits' power was at an end ; and since that time , it is known that , being without emigration to aid them , the numbers of the settlers in California have
declined , and are less than they were twenty years ago ; so dimculitfs it for a people amidst plenty to keep up their numbers . Into these coveted realms Texas opens the road for the citizens of tho United States . They are emigrating to these beautiful regions in great numbers at this moment ; and the next act of President Polk will probably be to claim , and ultimately to ansex the Californias to tho American federation . This will throw the whole China trade into the hands of the Republic . For the produce of cotton , sugar , coffee , wool , &c , these regions are eminently adapted . In the port of San Francisco , they
have , it is said , the finest harbour in all this world ; and in the river Columbia another , almost as good , excepting in winter . San Francisco will speedily become a great mart for the expert of American manufactures to China and India , and for the import of Chinese and Indian produce . From San Francisco to Canton is for a steamer much the same voyage as from Liverpool to New York , or New Orleans—a few days' run . Through Texas , through California and Southern Oregon , there is a road , open at all seasons , and easily practicable , connecting thus the eastern with the western coast of North America .
Such will be the course of events . By the annexation of Texas , all hope of saving California from the grasp of the Americans , or of establishing a British settlement there , is gone for ever . Such a design would now be considered a declaration of war ; and this , we repeat , " Bank-note-maximum" Peel and his subservient Parliament dare no more risk than they dave jump off the Monument , or into the Thames . Mr . Maclane accurately understands their position . He will give them a plaster to their shame , by some unmeaning concessions of a tract of useless and barren coast , north of the Columbia ;— -whilst , at the same time , lie adds the noble possessions ol Oregon and the two Californias to the gigantic dominions of the great Republic .
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I Dewsbury Distiuct .-A meeting f U- !' , ; holders of the Co-opcwtive Land Sociely , ) " jt ? in the Chartist room , Dowsbury , ou $ »«* last sovcu o ' clock in the evening .
Death Op William Turner, Of 1io1w.
DEATH OP WILLIAM TURNER , OF 1 IO 1 W .
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4 THE NORTHERN STAR . _ __ August 9 , l 8 l [)
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 9, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1327/page/4/
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