On this page
- Departments (3)
- Pictures (2)
-
Text (13)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS.
-
I SUDDEN DEATH i .OF THE B^OrXftSH OIiiaAHCHY.
-
jferrigit intelligence.
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
Ifovr ' s the day anft now ' s the hour , See the front of battle lonr See approach proud Arthur ' s power , Arthur , chains , and slavery .
jit Beloved TfRffiM > s , —It is now sometime since vour position justified me in addressing yon by your political name , nor should I now resume it , after three veare and a half very culpable apathy , had I not discovered to my entire satisfaction , during last week ' s sojourn Lancashire , that the princi ple but slept jjotil there was a foe in the field worthy of its antagon ism . # isnot lonSsince the Whig press ventured to Jfc wliere Chartism was now ? Nor was I long in
r ^ pond ins , on jour behalf , that I would speediiy let jjjcm know . I am now in a situation to do so . I hare visited the head quarters , and many of the out-503 t « » f Chartism . I have had communication from almost every garrison in thekjngdom , and I proclaim + o ihe world , that Chartism sox esvs uves , but is prepared once more to fight the battle of freedom . H 13 not SO long since a miscalculating Atlorney-General boasted that he had killed Chartism , nor was it long before Chartism killed his party and buried it in that grave -which he had prepared for us .
Jiave often told faction that the rock upon which piggery split was the vain eafleavour to conceal public opinion by withholding any mention of our name , our principles , or our triumphs , from the wirld . They treated us as a new sect not looking for equality , or even toleration , but as if we mere ] struggled for such notoriety as the law condescended to extend to us . The old party who thus treated us is now la ihe field once more looking for political power , and the subject upon which I address you is to ask , if , after baring routed , defeated , and destroyed them , they shall now walk into office as if in reality we had ceased to exist : or shall we not rather-give
them to understand that there are other parties besides the League , other principles besides free trade , to be taken into account , before weconsentto a restoration ef the Whig 3 to power . However , there are some questions for the country to answer before those whom yon hare appointed to conduct your movement can be in a situation to decide . We have called a representation of all the towns in North and South Lancashire , Yorkshire , Nottingham , "Leicester , Derby , Norwich , Birmingham , and London , to meet at Manchester , on Monday next , and there to delib 2-rate as to our future policy and course . Let every town then answer the following questions through its
delegate : —Are you still resolved upon remaining « pirty distinct from all other * in name andprincipks ? Is vour motto still" Onward and tee conquer , backward mid we fall " ' - ' " The People ' s Cliarter and no surrender ? " " Better to die a freeman than live a slave . " 41 We will abandon our principles otiy with our lives . " " We will die or conquer . " " Tlte land is our inherilante . " " Charter is our tirthrigla . " " United tee stand , divided we Jail . " " A fair day ' s wage for a fair dap ' s work" " The CJiarter is our right , and we will have it . " Let those questions he answered by all . And if your resolution is fixed and firm , let us understand if we aTe all prepared , once more , to hr-ive the DraoEOX or the iRASsroHT , in honour of
OUR TRISCIFiES . "Whether , if necessary , you are once more prepared to light the siixsx mositok ( the torch ) , not toburni as our foul-monthed enemies charged us , not to destroy property , but to light us at that only hour allowed for our gathering by the system , to talk oxer our grievances and bur mode of redressing them . _ Brother Chartists , I iji the same , the vert same ihatl ever was . I am ready to face the dock , the dungeon , or the scaffold , rather than abandon iny principles , or forfeit my right to advance them . 1 have "ained experience from the past , which may
better enable me to protect you against the laws quirks and quibbles , fcnt if I fivea" till every hair of ray head was grey , I should never learn to lisp the word " sdhkesdeb . " If any man in my situation of life could bo justified in abandoning a cause which lias been so lukewarmly supported by those for whose benefit ita advocates have suffered so much , I am mat max ; and by this appeal to you I prove that I know you better than your enemies know you . That in your some-time apathy I do not recognise the abandonment of your principles , but , on the contrary , I believe that there are ten Chartists now , ten real Chartists , for everv one Chartist that was in
existence in the days of Chartist froth . We liave since then weeded the field , we have winnowed the chaff from the corn , and the millions have more confidence than ever they had in the leaders that have remained stedfastandfinn . When Sir Robert Peel proclaimed his tariff in 1841 , 1 then announced that it was a measure so wise , so grasping , so luminons , jnsfc , comprehensive , and statesmanlike , that I doubted if the first Chartist Parliament would have ventured upon so sweeping a proposition . From that moment to the present every
single act of Peel ' s has gone to establish his belief in the necessity of those changes that we sought to effect . His career for the last five years , let scribblers , mountebanks , and factions write , and ridicule , and denounce as they may , has been , when all the circumstances of the case are considered , the most brilliant , the most astounding , the most daring , and statesmanlike , of which the annals of the country bear record , and his resignation at this moment is the most terrible blow this , country has experienced for many years .
"We are not only to consider the gigantic changes he has effected , but we must also bear in mind the strength of the faction from whom he has extcried them . His was indeed a strong government ; and vet , when dirty work was to ba done , when a Masters * and Servants' Bill was to be carried , we never find Peel defiling himself with pitch , or lending his strength to the purposes of faction . In such eases he has confined thestruggle to the refuse of his party , and the strength of public opinion . How easily he mighthave carried the Masters' and Servants' Bil ) , if he had consented to lend it his aid . No ; even in the height of the revolution of 1843 , he allowed Graham to state what was the power of the police , but
Peel would not confer that power upon them by law . True , the middle classes made him prosecute us , but he gave ns a just judge , a mild , an honourable , and humane Attorney-General , and I speak from authority when I assert , that ne gloried in our delivery Not so the Whigs . They followed us with a bloodthirsty vengeance . They refused all our appeals for an act of simple justice to Frost and our other friends ; they gave us no quarter , except what our own courage forced from them . And yet I am ready to forget and forgive the past , in the hope that their future conduct will prove sorrow for the past , ani will be altered in future . But this I am resolved upon , that they shall acknowledge us as a party , admit our strength , and concede our just demands .
I do not mean that any cabinet , formed out of the present turmoil , will concede our Charter ; but I do mean that they shall confer upon us the legal legitimate means of achieving it for ourselves . I look to another election as the ground work of those means ; and I look to the proper exercise of the power we shall then achieve to accomplish our object . For myself , I cannot see the possibility of forming a cabinet out of tharubbish that we are told Lord John Russell has gathered together for the purpose . New blood , fresh blood , vigorous blood , Peel ' s blood , and the democraticblood , must be infused before anything permanent , or representative of the present mind , can be
established . Hitherto the Whigs have been thelegislative plaything of the people . We have been able to snap them in pieces by *"" own single strength . We do not want such a government ; we want a government with some stability in it ; a government that will concede what is right te the growing mind of the age , and not a plaything for the amusement of children . We want a government , in the words of Lord John Russell , that will concede " ail pbcdest as » catjuods coxcessioss , " and no more ; but we require full latitude for the public mind to declare and decide what those " prudent asd cautious coscessioss" are tone ; and we require a government to surrender its own caprice to this national judgment .
It is for yon , then , to say whether or no you are satisfied to be slaves , or whether yon are determined to be freemen . You will read , mark , learn , and inwardly digest every sentence of the Executive ' s mes sage , and yon will be prepared to say , through your representatives , whether you are prepared to carry out the policy recommended in that message . By the duly that you owe to yourselves and your farailies
Untitled Article
by tlic allegiance you owe your country , by your lond to tJiose whose rights you are bound to defend iliough yet unborn , by your valour as Englishmen , b y your sufferings as Chartists , by your duty at Christians , by your pride as freemen , by your love m fafters , by your duty as husbands , by all that is dear , by all that is sacred , by all that it just , I invoke you to luekle on your armour for the good fight . It will be a moral fishta glorious fight—and a valuable triumph . It is the battle of right againsl might , of knowledge against bigotry and intolerance , of justice against injustice , of liberty against-oppression and misrule . Abb you 11 EADT FOR SUCH A STRUGGEE ? L ? SO , BAT SO ; . and none will be found more ready to do one man ' s part than Tour faithful friend And unpurchaseable servant , Feargus O'Co * sor . ^*—— a .
Untitled Article
THE LAND . TO THE MEMBERS OF- THE CHARTIST CO-OPERATIVE LAND 'ASSOCIATION . ' Mr Freesds , —In my desire to place your association upon a stable and pernianehl footing , you will not expect me to forget those principles . which would make your association national . The land is what I aim at , the Charter is the means by which I seek to achieve it . I shall now , however , confine myself to the social branch of the subject—the land . You will read , in this week' s Star , the conclusion of our deliberations in conference , and now it is my duty to comment briefly upon the proceedings—not upon the changes made in the Rules—for , actually , there were none , except in such details as would confer upon you the entire benefits presented in the original Rules of the association .
My Friends , you may well imagine what my suspense was , what my fears were , and the anticipations , to wheih my too sanguine mind had given birth . I confess that the Dewsbury resolutions made me tremble for the safety of my child . Otherwise , I doubt whether I should have left a sick-bed to have perilled my life in its defence . However , no man is more satisfied to do justice than I am ; and I am now proud to say , that it appeared to be the desire of the
conference to co-operate withmeto secure the triumph of the principle . I shall now briefly sketch for you the main features of the week ' s work . Hereafter I shall select each important branch for a separate letter , showing you the advantage of every alteration that was made . It would have been utterly impossible , long as the hours of sitting were , to give you a faithful report of what was done ; however , that which appears in this week ' s paper will be verbatim , as there was more time for ita arrangement .
The first question to which 1 shall call your attention is the Enrolment , and so indispensable is that , that I now tell you boldly that it shall be enrolled , though we were obliged to give it the title of the hell-born devil . The enrolment is for you and not forme ; if I wanted to rob you I would have stuck up for the Introduction of your principles , your objects , your means of carrying them out , and then 1 might have tickled your excitable enthusiasm by telling you that the law refused its protection , and asking you what I should Do with the moxet . in
mm The great hitch in every association is the difficulty of having the monies applied to the legitimate purpose . When the project is ripe for actionthen there is some conscientious demur amongst the conscieniiottstmsteesanddirectors . astoxthethevthey can legally and honourably apply the funds to such a purpose . Now I shall say no more about enrolment further than that it shall be unrolled , and with the name if possible ; if not , I will take all the reponsibility upon my own shoulders , and I honour the men who had the bravery to contend for enrolment under any circumstance .
The next question is , the payment of 5 s . a-year , by those who shall receive the £ 15 , until the last member is located . This is so just , and such a necessary link between those who are located and those who are not located , that it requires no comment . The man who is located first will thus feel that he is not discharged from the obligations of brotherhood until every man is located , while those who pay bul sixpence and threepence a-weck will have the advantage of the measure .
The next subject , and the one of the greatest importance ia the application of the £ 15 to its legitimate purposes , namely , to the cultivation of the soil . Now , I will state for you precisely what the effect oi this measure will be . It will not keep any man a single day from the occupation of his tenement . Before the foundation stone of the house is laid , every man will know his own allotment , and no man could occupy his house or leave his labour until the house was built . Say then , that it takes two months to erect the houses ; thus , two months" labour , of the most judicious labour , will have been expended upon the allotment , and when the occupant takes
possession he will find himself in a garden instead of a wilderness , while the value of the thing to be mortgaged will be brought two monthsearlier to maturity and thus a greater impetus will bs given to the society . It is to be distinctly understood that the directors will allow all that are capable to undertake this preliminary work themselves , while it is also to be understood , that the wish of every occupant will be religiously adhered to in the management efhis little estate ; and believe me , they'll be all there on Sunday , by moonlight on Saturday , and at sun rise on Monday morning , even if they have to run to and from their work .
My friends , we are fostering parents , not cruel taskmasters . Now , by this wise provision of James Leach's , we will be able to go on with our operations with an exactly doubled speed . We will be able to do in two months what otherwise it would have taken us exactly four months to do—two months to build and air the houses , and two moDths to cultivate the ground , instead of doing both at one and the same time . So that without this we would have lost one half of the season , and hazarded the success of the association , by allowing { unskilled persons to damn the project through their ' own disappointment . Now
I will show you the working of this plan . The allotments are assigned— the foundations are laid , each man knows his own plot . The directors instantly set to work , as the stewards of the association , and the servants of those particular occupants . I will presume the wages of an agricultural labourer to be 12 s . 6 d . a-week , and that the entire labour of a man is applied to a two acre farm for two monthsthat is £ 5 . Seed I over-estimate at £ 1 ; thus £ 6 of the £ 15 will have been expended , and £ 9 will re . main . With that £ 9 I propose that every man shall buy a two year old heifer , whichhe will get good for £ 5 . I will tell him the breed hereafter , and where to set her lor less . That makes £ H . Hewill
give £ 1 for a pig . He will then have £ 3 to live upon until the crops , which have been two months planted , begin to supply him , and if he requires more money for his support , « r even improvements , the bank of loan will furnish him with it ; and , mind , we shall have a capital for that purpose of £ 1 , 000 or upwards , by the time possession is taken of the first allotment . Those who can buy a cow , of course willbayaeow for immediate use ; and or . e of the principal duties of the directors will be xo lay out every man ' s allotment according to the mode of life he intends to pursue , whether for grain ,, garden stuff , or a mixture . The moment the housos are occupied , and the altered state of the land 5 s seen , that moment Tre should be enabled to gst nearly as much
Untitled Article
upon mortgage as we could realize by sale , and every year it will be improving . But I won't say a word about b'flle now , aa I feel as firmly convinced , as I am of my own . existence , that Leach ' s two propositions will be tlie m . eans of putting every man in possession of his land for ever , without rent . It will be a very beautiful thiiig to see : a hundred agricultural ; labourers working for a hundred operatives , at 5 s . 6 d . arweek more ttwn the Dorsetshire landlords give them .
The next question is the amount of rent to be paid , which , of Course , will \ s according to the value of the land purchased . In my letters to the Irish Landlords , in my work on Small Farms , in every letter that I have written to you , I hene dlstJricfly isid you thkt 1 would rather pay £ 5 an acre for land worth only , ; £ 4 an acre , than pay 30 s . an acre for land vopfeb £ 2 an acre . Ncr one supposod that Jb was to hav ** w * a « rfis of land that cost £ 50 an acre , . a house , and £$ o for £ 5 a-year . Jfo one supposed tBai we could purchase every estate . that we bought at Jibe rate of" exactly £ 18 15 s . an asre ; but everybody knew that some
. scale was necessary ; and we laid « kwn a scale tli * even a fool may understand—that seale is , that a ram ehall pay £$ a-year for two acrea of land that cost £ 1815 s . an acre , a house that costs £ 30 , and £ 15 capital ; and if the- land cost £ 28 15 s . an acre , the tenement will have coat the society £ 20 more , and the occupant will pay 5 per cent , for tbe additiona l £ 20 , or £ 6 for the tenement . If it costs £ 40 more , he'll pay £ *!; and If it costs £ 100 more , ho' will pay £ 10 ; and the man wh&pays £ 10 will be better off than the man who pays £ 4 10 s ., as , of course , some estates will be purchased at less than £ 18358 ., and then the rent will be less than £ 5 a-year .
If the society gives £ 60 for land , they will go on faster than it' they gave £ 18 los . ; a good thing is always more saleable in the market . Again , if the society expends £ 50 upon a house instead of £ 30 , the tenant will pay £ 6 instead of £ 5 , or 5 per cent , upon the additional £ 20 . So much for the scale of rent ; and now let no booby presume to misunderstand it . The next subject to which I shall direct your
attention is the division of the country into districts . We have divided them into five . I wish wo had divided them into twenty , for our object is to deck the face of the earth with as many model farms as possible—to open as many free labour markets as practicable—and , depend upon it , that land bought in a district now , where the plan was never heard of , would very speedily furnish a sufficient number of paid-up members to populate it .
The next question to which I shall advert is the mode of selecting occupants , and nothing can be more fair , impartial , or satisfactory . If a thousand shareholders have paid up , or any other lumber , when the ballot takes place , the thousand tickets will be numbered from one to a thousand , If a hundred are to be located , those who draw from number one to a hundred will be entitled to the prizes , and according to priority of numbers , that is , No . 1 will have the first , they will have their choice of allotments . Suppose No . 5 , No . 7 , and No . 9 would nut wish to remove to the district where the land had
been purchased , then No . 101 , 102 , and 103 would take their places , or the rotation would go on until they were filled up , those who rejected the allotment waiting for a more suitable opportunity of locating tnemselves . Nothing can be more simple than this . The next question is the Bank of Loan and Insurance Company . These are so crowning arid so essential , that I shall only say of them , if I ever had a doubt of success , which I never had , the adoption of those two auxiliaries would at once have removed it . If a man . loses his pig or cow , or if his house is burned , he'll have another house , another cow , and
another pig ; and I also hope to see a benefit society established amongst the members of each district in case of sickness , though I don't anticipate the presence of a doctor in any one of them . As to the question of a penny a month , three farthings a month , and a halfpenny a month levy , I don't condescend to mention it . It ' s a nothing . It is a shilling , ninepence , and sixpence a-year , Two pots of ale , a pot and a half of ale , and a pot of ale a year As to the localities defraying their own expenses , it wisely originated in Glasgow ; and if it wasn't made general , ten secretaries would not do the work in a
very short time . It ' s a division of labour ; and if the shareholders pay it in meal they have it in malt , and they won't see it in the secretaries' list of expenses . As to the thirty-five shillings a-week to the directors , it is too little ; but I did not wish to swim until I found that I had water enough to keep me tip ; if we hadn't directors , and good directors toojust ] the very men we have—we should have no association at all . But , thank God , the four honest working men possess the undivided confidence of their order . When I tell you that I have now been working , without cessation , since nine o ' clock this morning , and that it is now near ten at night , you will think that it is time to say " good night , " but
boforelsay " good night , " I ask you to picture to yourselves what an England it will be the day a hundred freemen shall take possession of their hundred farms ; and what a procession we'll have , and what a dinner we'll have , and what a tent we'll have , and what music we'll have , and what dancing we'll have , and what speechifying we'll have ; but no drink , speed the spade in milk , if you please , but no drunkenness ; and what a laugh we'll have at the crotchet-mongers , and what a triumph we'll have over the monopolists . And that triumph I promise you before the 15 th of May next . Now then , " good night . " Ever your faithful friend , Feauobs O'Connor .
Untitled Article
Death fbom Htdropiiobia . —On Wednesday ft poor woman named Mary Garrett , aged GO years , residing in Kezars-lane , in this town , died from the effects of the above dreadful and fatal malady . About six months since the deceased was made a present of a young pup b y one of her neighbours ; after having it a few days in her possession it refused to eat , whereupon the poor woman brought into it the dam , in hopes by that means it might be induced to partake of food ; and while in the act of offering it something to eat , the dam bit one of her fingers . Time
rolled on , and no further notice was taken of it , until the Friday night previous to her death , when she complained to several of her neighbours that she was very much afflicted with a pain in the arm of the finger upon which she had received the bite . However , it was aofc until the following evening that the first symptom of the horrifying disease made Us appearance . It commenced by a violent shivering , and she continued in a dreadful state of agony until Wednesday moraing , about five o clock , when death put an end to her sufferings . —Waterford Chronicle .
DaBIXO AKESffiT TO MtJRDBR AT DtTSMOW . — Oil Tuesday afternoon Charles Horsnell , jun ., of Little Easton , son of the park-keeper to Viscount Maynard , whilst watthing toe park grounds and preserves in the avenue leading from Dunmow and Stortitnrd turnpike-road to Easton Lodge mansion , observed a man about five-ieet eight inches in height , having on a black hat and velveteen jacket , standing in a game presence-whero the pheasants are fed ; he immediately made towards him , and having advanced t * within twenty yards of the stranger , Horsnell observed the
man point a gun at him and fire . Thescattering shot riddled his ( Horsnell ' s ) coat , through two boxes and a book in his pocket ; but the principal part ol the charge struck a tree , blocking off the bark to the extent of six inches . Fortunately not a shot entered Horsnell's person , owing to the pockets of his shooting-jacket being full , which caused themlto stick out from his side . As soon as he had recovered from the alarm he naturally felt , he pursued the stranger , and after running about twenty yards shot at him , but his gun missed fire , and th . fellow escaped .
Mount Vesuvius , ha * for some time been sending forth large volumes , of smoke , accompanied occasionally by flames , and red-hot ashes , threatening an eruption . '
Untitled Article
O »[ -Thursday , the 11 th of December , considerable " -excitement-prevailed in : the neighbourhood ;< rf Apsiejr flouse , jn consequence of a rumour that ther English Oligarchy had ; comniitte _ d saicide . ^ Throughout . the day many relatives , and friends of the deceased repaired to the scene of the mournful , occurrence to ascertain the facto of the case . By twelre o ' clock , however , the worst anticipations were confirmed byall the windows of the house beingclosed ,
togetiier . iwith- tjfc announcement , that although decKsaed had died a natoxal death , the public anxiety was about to be Basisfied by holding an in ' quea * upon the ¦ fcody .- > . On : the circumstances o £ : the- case being made known to the parish aphqrities , the neewsary steps- were taken ft * Holding ^ he inquest ; -. Accordingly ; - . T . Wakley , Km ; -, < : M . P .,-. appointed Friday . tost , at twelve o ' clock , j » the time for holding tke inques * , and summonses wei'e accordingly issued for the attendance oi ! the jury at ihe Citow . v public-hossc , Half Mbon-atreet . By cae o ' clock the jury had heen sworn , and the nacessary arrangements ina . de for the-eovoner and jtnry viewing-the body » f the deceased .
THE INQUEST . A considerable time elapsci before the- return of the jury to the crown , in ronseq , uenctJof the awiul stench that proceeded iram the body ,, and the disinclination ! of many of the jury to undertake the task . AS two o ' clock precisely the witnesses were in attendance , and tbe proceedingscowi » enced'vvHhth « examination ot deceased ' svalet , which was a * follows : —Had been in theservice of the deceased for many years , during which time he had been more or less indisposed , lie had observed a great alteration in the habits and manners of deceased since 18 ± ? J and especially since the middle of August last . He frequently started in his Bleep , and at intervals appeared considerably excited . By the Coroner : Used he to speak ei' muttei ' anything in his-sleep , or during those moments of excitement ?
Answer : Yes , sir . Of late I have observed that he muttered "the sliding scale ; ' and , latterly , he has mentioned the words "free trade" and . "Dr . Peel , " with great bitterness . , By a Juror : Who attended deceased ? Answer ; I did , sir , Juror : No ; I mean as his physician . Answer : . Oh ! . Dr . Peel , sir . By the Coroner : When did you last see deceased alive ? Answer : On Wednesday night , sir . What state was he in then 'i
Answer : Much as usual , sir ; but rather more excited , especially after Di * . Peel had left him . When did you th' 9 tsee the deceased dead ? Answer : Yesterday morning , sir . His usual hour for rising was nine o'clock , when lie was in the habit of ringing hia bell for hot water ; but not hearing the bell ring at eleven , I tapped several times at the door , and not receiving any answer , 1 _ opened the door , and upon drawing the curtains I saw the deceased l ying upon his back with his face quite black . By the Coroner : Had you any suspicion at anytime that deceastd would commit suicide ? or have you any reason to suppose , now , that he has done so ? Answer : None whatever .
The Coroner : The reason I ask the question is because the appearance of the face presents Strong symptoms of strangulation . Witness : That may arise , sii-, from the full habit of my late master . Ho always eat and drank voraciously . By a Juror : Had you , at any time , . any l-onson to think that the deceased was subject to aberrations of mind . Answer : No , sir , none whatever . Dr . Peel was the next witness examined , and gave his evidence as follows : —llad been the medical attendant of the deceased for many years , during which time he laboured under a complication of disorders , all tending to create considerable nervousm sa . Deceased was a
person of very full habit , and though not subject to apoplectic lits had recently , especially since the latter end of August , manifested some symptoms which required a change in hia medicine to prevent apoplexy . Wednesday night , at nine o ' clock , was the last time he saw deceased aliye , he offered him this alterative , but , upon tasting it , deceased lell into a violent passion , spit the medicine out , and declared he was poisoned , saying that it was the same as that damned " Itussell Purge" that he had taken once before . AftCi * a little persuasion deceased became more calm , and was at length prevailed upon to go to bed , but was very much excited , and heard no more of him until the melancholy tidings of his death was communicated yesterday morning .
By the Coroner : Pray , Dr . Peel , how old do you suppose the deceased to have been ? Answer : Oh ! God only knows ; he had the reputation of being a second Methuaaleh . His friends said he was as old as the hills . Pray , may I ask what was the state , of deceased ' s mind , and had you reason , at any time , to think he was not capable of transacting his business ? in short , that he was not ot ' sound mind ? Answer : For many years he has left the management of his affairs to me ; but I never saw any change in his mental faculties . The . Coroner : You think , then , that he was perfectly sane ?
Answer : Why , I think he was as sane as ever he was to the List ; but my impression has always been , that deceased was born an idiot , and 1 invariably treated him as such . _ Do you think that the alteration in the medicine you offered him tho last night you saw him , and his disinclination to take it , was calculated to produce apoplexy , in the state of excitement in which you describe deceased to have been . Answer : Yes ; I think that not at all unlikely : especially as deceased was of very gross habits , ami remarkably obstinate . To what , then , would you attribute the immediate cause of his death ? Answer : Decidedly to apoplexy , arising from repletion , brought on by gross living , which led to impaired digestion , added to an unconquerable obstinacy .
Have you seen the body of deceased ? and have you any reason to suppose , if you have made a . post mortem examination , that the deceased died a natural death ? Answer : That ' s not only my impression , but my conviction . The deceased died from the causes that I have described . A Juror ; Mr . Coroner , I think we hare heard quite enough to enable us to give our vevdict . The Coroner : Well , gentlemen of the juiy , this is a case widely differing from those you are ordinavily called upon to decide in this parish for ike most part , the cases thai have been brought before you are those where the deceased has ilied of want aiid starvation , whereas , in the
present case , it appears from the evidence oi the valat and c-i" Dr . Peel , thiifc tho subjeci of the present inquiry , died of apoplexy , brought on by over-eating , high , living , and disinclination to take the rucessasj medicine . Gentlemen , from the pecuSar old age of deceased , 1 think that ysu may naturally conclude that he had been attached to life ; and , therefore , you may discharge your mnds of all notions of suicide while i «_ a skate of insanity , as , gentlemen , there is a great difference between icliotey and insanity However , gentlemen , I tuink , upon the whole , you have sufficient grounds to return such a verdict as will , at one and the same time , satisfy the friends of the deceased and the publio at large . .
The room was then cleared , and the jury remained in consultation for about fifteen minutes , when they returned the following verdict : — " We find that the deceased died by the visitation of God , manifested in a blight on the 19 th of August last . "
FUNERAL OF THE ENGLISH OLIGARCHY . It being determined that the funeral of the English oligarchy should bo as private as possible , four o'clock on Wednesday morning last was appointed as the hour for this melancholy ceremony . Long before the hour , however , a number of the iriends and relatives of the deceased had arrived at Mr . Cobden ' s , undertaker , t'leetstreet , where the body had been removed . Shortly after four o ' clock the mournful procession was formed , and proceeded in ths followir . g N BHHBHBHHHHBBBBHBffi ^ ASffigl
Untitled Article
unwnnHBHB ^ HB I order to St . Paul's , where , by the wjJl of the ( le ceased , his remains were to be interred . PROCESSION .
DUKE 8 OF i Richmond , Buckingham , [ Newcastle , Cleveland , i Manchester , Buceleugh . Tenants at Wffi of the Deceased , carrying flambeaux . Fifty . pound Tenants at WiD , in scarfs and hat-bands .
The coffin was covered witb a magnificent pall of black velvet , upon whieh was emblazoned the arms and motto of tlis- deceased , as follows : — THE BIBLE AND SWOHPl And underneath—Fee , faw , fusn , I smell the blood of an Englishman . CHIEF M 0 URNEK . Colonel Sibthorpe . Then follows a long and mournful train in the following order : —
Twelve Poor Law Commissioners ) . Two and Two . The Paupers of St . George's Parish ' ,. Two and Two . Six Mounted City Police . The Carriage of Dr . reel going homo wiilultfs work . Upon arriving -it St . Paul ' s the coffin was deposited in the choir , where the service > vaa performed by the Bishop of London ; after wiiieha pathetic sermon was preached by the chaplain of the deceased , from the following text— "They who die by the sword are better than they who perish of hunger , for their bodies pine away , stricken through for want of the fruits of tiie field . "
Precisely at six o ' clock tho remains of the deceased were deposited in the family vault , and the mournful procession returned to Apsley Ilouse , where they partook of an excellent breakfast .
Untitled Article
FRANCE . The dissolution of the Peel Ministry became known in Paris by express on Friday , An immediate fall in all species of securities followed , of course , the knowledge of the fact . As the business of the day proceeded the decline continued with every indication of further progress . The Paris papers of Saturday announced the " resignation , " The National , after a brief review of the subject , concludes by predicting that the change of Ministers in England will infallibly occasion a similar proceeding in France : Ibrahim Paclin , son of Mehemet AH , has arrived in France . A letter from Perpi » nan , of theSthinst .,
describes him as more worn than advanced in age . His features , half concealed in thick mustachios and a . long white beard , are handsome . He walks ' with difficulty , and it appears that his malady , although nearly cured , has left his mouth tender , llo abstains from all spirituous liquors , and drinks wine diluted with water . The officers of his staff arc not so abstemious . The French newspapers contain a notice of the death of Rouston , the Emperor Napoleon's favourite Mameluke , who died on Sunday ( week ) , at Douvdan ( Seine-et-Oise ) , where he had been liyinj ! upon a small income of 5 , 0001 " . to C . OOOf ., derived chiefly from the sale of the presents from Napoleon and his family .
SWITZERLAND . A Letter v-hom Liusanne , of the 11 th , says : — " It having been rumoured that the Conservatives would attempt on Sunday an attack against the government , arms were secretly brought from the arsenal of Mos-» es , and placed in several houses of the town . In the night a band of Radicals seized on the cannon destined for the exercise of the college . A sharp struggle ensued , and several persons were wounded . In the morning the place was covered with blood . " Dn . Casimib Pfitker has written a lengthy letter to the Morning Chronicle , rebutting the charges oi his enemies as to his complicity in the assassination of M . Leu , and deseribing ' the unjust and cruel treatment he has endured at the hands of his persecutors .
GERMANY . Rumoured GoxspmacY in Prussia . —Berlin , Dec . 0 . —For some days past strange stories have been in circulation of the discovery of conspiracies . They have most probably been occasioned by the certainly extraordinary audience which a private soldier has had of the King , and the revelations which he is said to have made to the King of a secret which was suddenly entrusted him toby a person unknown , The soldier had been obliged to promise an oath to the stranger to communicate the secret to the King alone . The story is certainly founded on facts . The audience took place , and the King is said to have
appeared very thoughtful after it . As may be supposed , the most conflicting reports are in circulation respect in : ; the secret disclosed by the soldier ; the most likely is , that it is connected with the fermentation in Poscn , which spreads more and more , and lists given occasion to tbe arrest of several j > ersons . According to this account , a military plot among the numerous Poles in the Guards in this city was shortly to breaU out . The straager is supposed to have been one of the conspirators , whose conscience troubled him , and who desired to ease his heart ¦ without directly becoming an informer , —Mntanfero . ( Hamburg paper . )
ALGERIA . The following are some new details respecting Col St . Avnaud ' s last expedition , contained in a letter rora one of the officers , dated Nev . 25 : — " We have killed e& 3 persona , taker . 2 , 000 head of cattle , destroyed the RcbU and the Beiii-Madoun , and made razzia on the IJennia . Weset out Again this evening to attack the population between TisUSalai , Rissa , and Tifiltitis . Unfortunately these successes lead to no results . The emigration of the western trilve continues . This emigration prepares for ns a nonoccupation of land , which we shall feel severely as long as we shall not be able to fill it up by European colonists , and before thinking of establishing them , we must secure their personal safety ; otherwise the villages and centres of population are only sources of embarrasment , for , in order to protect them , numerous posts must be left , which reduce our columns materially and melt them away as we advance .
THE UNITED STATES . The Britannia , Royal Mail Steamer , arrived on Tuesday morning , bringing New York papers to the 30 th November . Thk Okbcon Question still continued to be the great subject of discussion . Mr . Packenham , the British Ambassador , and Sir George Simpson , the Governor of the Hudson ' s Bay Settlements , kept up an active communication with the Government , but nothing certain had transpired aa to the nature oi President Polk' s Message , or the intentions of the Americaii Government . The President ' s "Message " is expected to reach Liverpool by the 21 st inst .
XflK Axt ' i-Renters . —Commutation w Sentence . --The governor of New York State has issued a proclamations / commuting the sentence of death passed on Van Steenburgh and O'Connor for tlie anti-rent riots and murder of Stecle , the sheriff , to imprisonment for life . It is a lengthy document , occupying
Untitled Article
threercolumns of tile Albany Atlas . Ihe '• reprieve wag issued the day before the executions were to have taken place . ; ' ' . ^ ^ i Accounts from Mexico are of the most pacinc cnaracter , tho southern republic thinking it best policy to spare at once their dollars and their territory * ootu of which would , incase of hostilities withtheir neighbours , be lost to them . The Mexican government now desires to have a boundary defined , to acknowledge Texas as one of the United States , and to continue on the best terms possible with the sister republic . Generals Paredes and Arista , who together hold
the reins of government at Mexico , are both fovour-, i We to the treaty , and had issued a proclamation tha't they would suppress any-oppositionjthatinigh 1 ; beniade to it . ; < - ; . ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ : - , ¦ - ., ' .:, ' :-.-i & '" * '>• ' . ThO lastadvices from , the '' army of occupation " , in Texas l'epresentthe existence of a groat anxiety to return h ome , there being no fighting in prospect * not much to i ^ at , and no pay . forthcoming . An inimediate recall wis looked for . ; . i The Britannia brings home tho Governor-General of Canada , fc . 'ir Charles Metcalfe ( who leaves hia government on account , of . ill health ) , family ,- ; and suite . Lord CVJhcartis Governor of Canada till another is appointed . • »¦
We learn from t . be-commercial accounts brought by the Britannia that tlie greatest excitementhad prevailed in tlieNewYojIiuind Monlveal . corn-markets , in consequence of Sflie accounts from England . Flour had risen to tM » r extzaordinaFy price . - of T dollars 25 cents in theiVsflner pkee , amlto 7 dollar * 6 cents in the Latter . " : It * had sobmqueatly . declined to 6 dollars 75 cents . . .. ; ,. ~ THE RIVE 3 ti PLA'JS .- ; . ;; Recent accounts from the- River Plate sta ^ e thai } the united English , French , and Monte Videin forces had ascended the llivcr Uruguay as . iavastlief falls of the river at . Salto , and that itiits'prpg 9 ess .. up _ they had expelled the troftpsofRosaa- from tl * - : tbu ys t > £ Paysandii and Merccles . Their ' objectin . ascending the river . is . understood to have Seen t ' obpew a '
-communication with Gene-nd Paz , whs'is at the head of a force of from 5 , 000 " to .. C . 000 men , cavalry and-infantry , in the ' province c 4 ' Cornciites ; - . It * it should become necessary these ibices may !>*¦ brought'tlown to Montevideo , in which » ase the unifTed . strength of the Correntiho army , of tire garrison of Monte Video , of the French and English Marines , and of the regiment of British infantry jusSlauded at that city will be sufficient to sweep away tlie army of' © i-ibe * if ic should not break up or sun-eixler of its own accord-, as it is confidently expected that it will . Since tlw ? capture of the ] 3 uenos Ayrean fleet , neither the army of Oribe not that of Urquizacun have received any sort of supplies from Buenos Ayrw , ami now tbitti- Mercedes and I ' aysantlit have been occupied by Monte-Vidcan garrisons , their retreat from the Monte Yidean territory is ncarlv . impossible .
The joint declaration issued by the Ministers Plenipotentiary of England and France , on declaring ^ the city and territory of Buenos A yrss in a state oi ' blockade , is au eloquent and well-reasoned statepaper , and fully jiistiires the course taken by the representatives of the two nations .
MASAC 1 VE IN SYRIA .. We take the following from the Times-: ' — Afc Giubisttiir , near Trijwti , in Syria , the Ottoman troops wishing to force the inhabitants t 9 > deliver Up their aims , a revolt had taken placp , and 900 of the Turkish troops laid been massacred .
Untitled Article
FOREIGN MISCELLANY . Death ot the Bishof of Jkuusalem . —Alexandria ., Nov . J 1 & . —On the morning of the 28 bh we received from Cairo the melancholy news of the cleatk of Bishop Alexander , of Jerusalem , who . it appears , died only five miles distant from Cairo , on the desert , lira was accompanied by hi » lady and daughter . French' PitoyiTMOxo-ERa . —A considerable sensation has-been created in 1 ' aris , by the announcement that M . ( stobneliiB laou , < v wu ..,,. „ . (• t | 1 ( . sfgelibrolicr wll » has just failed , has committed suicide liy Mowing out his brains , at Grenellc . It was » lso stated at the Bocu'ge that ii very large speculator has become insane in eonsequc » ce of heavy losses .
Untitled Article
^ TIIE TRIPLE ALLIANCE . [ From the Tyiie J / ercuru . ] Whatever may bo tlie jealousies- which exist hetweeu-Franw and tuo othez great Continental powers , Austri * and Russia ,, there ave strong symyUwns that , ; is for n * the power of this country is eojm-rned , theru existsa mutual understanding between the C' / . m- anil tlies Prench , government , nml that tlie Unituil States of Amcviiiii are a party to this " -triple alliauee . " Let us not he misunderstood nor our meaning distorted . We have n » intention , not tlie slightest , uitlicr of snyins or insinuate ing , that any treaty with provisions otlliis temltney existsbetween these three powers . l a » lVoiu it . Wu believe it an understanding merely , l > ased upon such treaties oE a commercial nature as may exist between the parties . But though not cnsrosicu upon paper or parchment , signed , seulul , uud . delivered , it is not the less virtually a tripartite alliance amongst these three power * , to cripple , wherever thej can , the power and influence o £ England ; bv their joint action , and espetiiTUy hur naval
power . Wo may be asked what evidence we have of this ? Wet answer , there exists much evidence , though it is to be sought for from a distance , and does not lie exactly at the surface . In the first place , there can be no doubt that in ftrecce and in Kgypt the French and ttussians are united closely at this moment to tlestr . iy , as far as it may - be accomplished , nil British power in tlie Mediterranean . When the Creek r < : voit nguinst the power of the l'orte " first broke out , England was seduced into it by the specious pretext of establishing constitutional liberty there , whilst the ltussians aided in this wwrk of freedom , as iE . was cunningly culled , for the sole purpose of wenkeningaud of alienating the Turkish power . 1 'or ltussiun purposes the battle of Navarino was fought and won , principally by lSrilish skill and courage , nnd whilst by that
" untoward event" French nnd English blood wc-rcspilt , Russia reaped the fruits . The Porte was alienated from England as well as from France , and , as it were in despair , resigned herself to the fatal arms of the liussiiin as a friend and protector . In tlie iiH'jmtime , Greece was made a kingdom , and Otho , of lhivari : » , a heavy German , arbitrary and stupid , sent to reign in Atticn , as the successor of Pericles and Alcibkdes ! Wliut ia tho result 1 Otho lias got a huge loan , from Eugtend , of which lie will neither uny principal nor interest ; wlWlst France and Russian inliuciiee are supreme , and Coletti , notorious for his hatred of England , is made Prime Minister . In Egypt the same result has followed , ltusbin cajoled Austiisv and Eugli ' . Ml iuti . the fatal treaty of 1840 , which at once insulted J- ' ranvv , anil threw Mehemet Ali , the Egyptian ruler , into the arms of
that power . Thus France has , as it were , the bribe o £ Egypt ( the great objoet of her uav . tousness ) In hand , ia order to induce her to wink at Russian aggression on the other side : and to balance the possession of Alexandria , and an open over-laud rond to India , against the spectacles of a Russian tirmy in Constantinople , and the Dimluncllcs blocked up by Russian Meets and batteries . On the American continent wo see the same gainu playiag . France sells Louisiana to the United States as the keystone of a friendlyalliance to be directed against thennval supremacy of England . They begin by resisting the English right o £ search , whether in the case of slave-trading or'hostilities-They proceed by shutting out virtually , ami setting at
naught all the claims of England upon any portion ot tilt ? west coast of thu North American continent . Russia , in furtherance of this move , claims downwards to latitude 5 i deg . 40 min ., whilst Congress asserts that their claim overlaps th . it of Russia , and extends to latitude 05 deg . In China the same tactics are proKeeding wiih . France and the United States are both negotiating treaties of commerce with the Emperor ' s commissioners . The American treaty , It is known , violates the conditions oi' their commercial engagements with Great Britain ; whilst France , it is believed , is struggling hard to obtain the cession of the Island of Chusiui , a prize which , if obtained , will probably be shared between them and the Americans .
The whole of the insidious plot is the result of a . tu « it deturmination on the part of these powers tvcripple the foruinn trade , and break down the naval , power of England . They know this naval power alone bus given England the preponderance wbich she lias * , attained . Her military power is trilling ; but well dothey know the truth of the aphorism of the : grvat , Bacon , ' the power of the seas is thu abridgement of a mo- , nurehy . " The discovery of steam navigation has rendered the adventure of destroying tlic English " abridgement , " an easier task in their estimation , lleaaattie insidious system , under which France , Russia , aad the United States , by building steam frhjattt , under the guise of "packets , " are secretly trying to collect a n-jvy _ , the united lorce of whieh may be an over-match for ail " , that Uugland can muster . That these three navies- will ,, in . the event of a war , be united ajaiv . st that of England ,, let no man doubt . Whilst Louis Philippe Iive 3 > it . ia
probable no open aggression on tlie part of Francs may t ; iKp place ; but his family can only coutraue to govern , by jisld .. ing to the ruling passion of the French people , vdnch now is . to break up , by means of this coulitiou , tl : a hated su , -. preraaey of this country . The designs of Russia on India , are no secret . Iu Hindostau tk * y are as w < $ : known , and . as openly admitted , as any other political truth ; whilst in America the determination of the Republic to sway yia whole continent , from Labrador to the Isthmus of baslen ,, ia not concealed . We would counsel id \ concerned , \\^ to hope to buy otf this animosity by cHsunc ' rcinl coaces-. sions , is hopeless and suicidal . They , will tiiice nil they can get in that way ; and when concession has found its . limits , and weakness gets fairly asfeaaied , fore . % will b& applied to obtain the rest . That the ruless- of this , country are becoming alive to these truths ,, w v&w tolerabl y evident , and if they want further de \ aMUKatwa » it will goon be afforded thim .
Untitled Article
Fire on Clerkenwelt , Gkekn . —On Wednesday morning , between the hours of twelve anil one , an alarming firo broke out upon the premises belonging to Mr . Maddox , painter ami glassier , No 0 , Clerlienwell-green . Tho firemen and police exerted themselves to the utmost , and by two o ' clock they happily succeeded in extinguishing the flames . A Yoose Damsel , near Plymouth , who attempted , without success , to poison herself , declared she wrs impelled to attempt suit-destruction i : i consequence ofher ardent aft ' eetion fov two young swains in the neighbourhood , neither of whom , it appears , could be uduccd to reciprocate her love .
To The Imperial Chartists.
TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS .
I Sudden Death I .Of The B^Orxftsh Oiiiaahchy.
I SUDDEN DEATH i . OF THE B ^ OrXftSH OIiiaAHCHY .
Jferrigit Intelligence.
jferrigit intelligence .
Untitled Article
VQL g- NQ - 423 . .- L 0 ND 0 IT 1 & 1845 ., FiMJSS j Lr
Untitled Article
- AM ) NATION . .
Untitled Picture
Untitled Picture
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 20, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1346/page/1/
-