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—— ^^m ^Mi^^^^.—— ¦ jl Muted by DOUGAL M'GOWAJS', of 1«, <&** *' '"* *» strm, HHymarhet, in the City-of W««»» - . r Ue frc-
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SATCBMT . --ASS . 1 M . T ex T 3 E High Seas . —Alexander Gordon aod T . Cummins , the captain aud chief niaUOt Z ^ ta ^ uoM ^ th ^^ ere indicted f .. r assaulting John Scott o » the high seas , mtl . iu the jurisdiction ot the Adtnfa ^ tv of England , in tlie month ofJune last . Mr . Pavnc s ^ ted the case to the jury , and made some remark riiatire to the case which was tried in the >« sw Gourtduringthe week , wrheii , oTm-tosometcchnicaiirie « , the prisoaas wire acquitted , u > td tue prosecutor and witnesses adewdJo go : i ? : ain besure the grand jury . John Sco « d < P « sed l ! lar ieis appr . i . tice to tiid owners of ike MaUnes * ' , and : n that vessel he crossed the Hueou the 20 tu of- " »« = 3 : ist ' Ht ? was A = w *» ed ( ordered ) from below by the ^ . nte , who ordered him to go alolVout as ht was tar
quite xiiked , excepting his shirt , he refused to go up - ing the raging until he had " rinsed" himself . He was forced tv o ' oey , l > ut before lie did so he received several "tastes" of the rope's cud from Cumurins . Ongoing up in his harry to get from him " lie ( the boy ) spilt some tar on one of die lower sails . - The niate after many threats , came ak ^ aud rope ' s ended iiiin . Witness attempted to get aw ;? - by descending a " back stay , " but ha missed his bold ar .-i fell into tie sea . Ths vessel was going at about seven -cants an hour , but she was "backeii"ia order to pickkia up . He was hauled on board in an exhausted state . After the lapse of a = i hour , Captain Gordon ordered him to be tied to the " uiizen , " and the niaSe ( Cumdins ) then gave lliin ^ ' two dozi-a ; " The captain then oKki-edhiui toLataEsTduivn , andilienaommaudeii
¦ witness ii > fall on his knees , and beg his ( the captains ) pardon . TFitaess did . sqand tiieiilie was tied up to the miien , ar . d ordered two dozen mqrefor his obedience aud seeminjrcontriSon . The mate Vanted to " cat" him again , bat tiie captain , would not aliow Mm , but be ( the captain ) ordered orie . of the apprentices ( a lighter hand ) to do it . " The' boy was * eEcoorajed-to "lay on , " blood floWedfrsm the back of witness , lathe evening of tnesiuneuay Captain Sorflonicallea Win into thepoep , and said to Mm , * " Scott , I want tospeat to you—take off jour jacket . " Thecaptainthen took-outa " phial , and said ' . * 1 * 31 blister tfife boy ' s tiackfas sure as he has hurt niyfeeliagsA " He said it coa& ^ & vitriol , andheiubbed some on i * itness >; back . The mate then took the phial , and emptied it on his back , which made witness sore and hot , and . painful , Witness had to watch" four hours the
same n ; gh fon the poop , with a handspike 911 Ins shoulders , -wi ^' wa ^ ottte teiial praeHc ^^^ fieniJie ' niate came rdund ' and sung out " ail welJi" he desired ' witness to tell the strings of the cat wbich he brought witli him . Philip Morris corroborated the above . The boy ' s back was cut across , braiied , and Moody . Saw it after the vitriol was poured on , and it ( the back ) smoked like a cup of coffee . It was in a fire state , rid all over , and smoking —Mr . Ballantine commenced a long address to the jury on behalf of Captain Gordon and calledtlidr attention to the evidence of the witness Morris , and tlie flippant manner in which it was given , but he should probably have to advert Teiris testimony again liy ^ and by . - The gentlemen might pr-sbably be awareof ; the"gre ' at danger incurred by vesselssSen near the rEguatorialliue , consequence of sudden gusts , squalls , ' and : storms , whereby the utmost
dilligencc of every p&rsbrixm board was refluired . It had been stated that the boy ( Scott ) was found asleep below , when probably he ought to have been ou deck or aloft . If this was so , there was no harm if the mate drove him up with the rope ' s end . * Bis conduct had jrovoked the mate toibllowium to theyards , from whence he casthimself ih ( o the sea , snd what of that ? A good deal had been made of it , bat the boy conM come to no harm , for he could swim like a duck . He ( iix . Bailantme ) felt alittle alarmed when-he heard Mr . Payne dilating on the great liberty -which Tte had exercised wiSi the " cat , " and his terrible inflictions . The jury had seen the instrument of torture , and found it to consist of nine pieces of thin twine , and used wifliout a handle . It was a proper weapon to flog alazy bo ? with , wiihoui inflicting serious injury . Much had bear , said about tlic vitriol , which one of them called
simple eeiate > which is composed of spermaceti , and is one of lac most simple remedies . It had no t been proved that any corrosive drag had been applied to the boy's lack . Ii « ( Sir . Ballantine ) should call witnesses to prove that Herris was not toljebelieved on his oath . Mr . Hnddlest-. ne then addressed the jury at some length on behalf : oi Cummins , and then Mr . Robinson called several witnesses who stated the captain to be a very humane gentleman , and to prove that the punishment under tlse circumstances was not too severe . They aii appeared to be of opinion that Morris was" a person on whose wcrd little reliance was to be placed . After along consultation the jury returned a verd ' et of guilty agains * . Captain Gordon on the second count ( for ordering the second dozea ) , and acquitted tiie mate Cammius . The judgment of the court on Gordon , was respited tu Monday . "
Moki-at . —Jfdghext os ' Captais ; Gokdon . —At ten o ' clock , Alexander Gordon , the commander of the barque Matthesls , was bronghtfinto court to receive bis judgment . Mr . Cosuaissioner BuUoek . addressed him at some'length , and observed that he'had been tried for , and found guilty of an assault , after a patkut hearing and . due consideration . 1-. appeared that the defendant iiad paid £ 10 into court , in order toraeet part of tha expenses consequent on this prosecution , therfore the fine about to bo imposed would be reduced in its amonnt . The judgment of tae court therefore was , tliat he do pay a fine ' of £ 16 , and then , and not till then , be discharged . " - : - . ¦
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GUILDHALL . Moki ; at . — Wisvow JJaBAKiso . — Eliza Jones , Mary Hayes . Eliza ilontague , and Martha . Pike , won had just been l-sleasedfrom ten days * imprisonment at Brixtou , for vasiivw breakine . were charged with wilfully breaidng three pants of glass in ths shop of Mr . Inglis , the biscuit baker in St . Paul ' s Churchyard . The officer produce ! the - stones « S : h which the mischief was effected . They weighed nearly a pound each . Mr . Aid . Hughes Hughes inquired the value of the glass . Mr . Inglis said the panes cost him about £ 14 , and he could get them replaced for £ 12 . 0 : ie of the etik camcinto the shop , and begged for a few stall !
¦ buns before the attack was commenced . He had no stale buna to give them . The prisoners { who were vagrants ) said th ^ had no home , no parish , and they were hungry . Mr . Aiuerman Hughes Hnghes observed tliat they had vrantoa !? Inflicted a gr ievous loss oa a tradesman , who was couaibuiing largely in rates to the support of t ' : e poor ; and if their object was to be in gaol on Christmasday , aaJ to make sure of being committed , he would ta '; e care tLst they should be disappointed . He would j ; ivc orders that thev should be striftly excluded from partilc-Ing of the Christmas fare , and that they should be kept to hard labour for two mouths .
Assaitlts os the Pohce . —George Mackay , John Murray , Edward Joyce , James Lawler , aud John Howlvy , -were severally committed to Bridewell for a month , without the c-ption of paying a fine , for committing assaults upon tlie poiice .
BOVT STREET . MOEUY . —Sobsert . —Hichard Stcele , aged twenty , eight years , was placed at the barbefore Mr . Hall , charged on his ' own confession with stealing six letters , one of which contained a £ , l'i Bank of England note , and another a bill of tstehange fo * £ 25 i the propMty of MtusK . Lawrence , Sjiencer , aud Co .. cotton merchants , near Prestos , in Lanwishire , his employers . The prisoner was remanuivi . - T . CE 33 AT . —RORBERT BY A LETTErGaRHIEJI . —ThoVnaS Bennett , an assistaut letter carrier in the Cambern-ell district , was placed at the bar before Mr . Javflne , chai-ged ¦ witliJtcaJiug twoli-tters containing money , which came into his possession for delivery , tha ' pfoperry of the Tostinaster-Ganeral . After tlie eridence of several \ vitnt = stj ? iiad her-zi taken , the prisoner , who dechned making any defence was fully committed fur trial .
WORSHIP STREET : MoxDAt . —A Miscr ^ ast . —Thomas Goodwin , a young man of rather smart appearance , described as a stonemason , vras - placed at the bar before Mr . Brooghton , changed v . ith havius assaulted and cruelly ill-treaied a young woman ri ? meu Anne Harris , under the following aggravated circumstances : —The complainant's race was greatly disfigured with recent marks of violence , and she had ail infant in her arms , whose forehead and the front of its dress were also covered with congealed blood . It appeared from thepoorcreatare ' s-stateaientthatslic was the daughter of a respectrMe tradesman residing at Chelsea , but that her father had utterlydiscardcd and turned her out of doors in consequence of her having formed an unhappy connection with tlie prisoner , who . had effected Iier ruin * airl afterwards deserted her . Since the With
of her child she had made repeated endeavours to induce the prisoner to contribute n " : riflirig sum towards its support , but . Ke treated nil her importunities with derision and defiance , ' and finding that her incessant labour- at the needle were iiuuScitnt to procure them the bave means of subsistence , she was at length obliged , a few days since , to apply at this court for a summon ; to compel him to make some p .-nSiau ? nt provision for its maintenance . Feeling relactant , however , to enforce sueb harsh measures if they cosld possibly be avoided , she resolved to t ytheefiect of alast appeal to his feelings , and for that purpose repaired with her ciiild on Saturday eveuing to a puldic-liouse hi Shoreditch , where she found him , drinking with several of his lovr associates , and having described tlie starring condition to which his child and herself w-.-re reduced , implored some assislflUW . The prisoner answered her apj . ' lu-ation with a burst of laughter , and pulling out a handful of silver from his pocket , told her in a tantalizing manner that she might
take what she pleased of the money , and he would instantly call in a policeman and give her in charge f jr felony . After abusing her with the foulett lusiguagc for venturing to take out a summons against him . and stat ing that he wou'd be four hundred miles away on the day appoint ^ for its hearing , he commenced an unmtrciful attack upon lur , and continued ln-aling her about the face until his own companions re-jionstrated -. nth y him upon hisbrufeil behaviour , and compelled him to desist . The prisoner afterwards approached her with an air of affected contrition , and requesting that slie would "Siss and be friends , " suddenly fixed his teeth in her un 3 er lip and nit it nearly through , ne thenfluiig ier violently from him , and she immediatel y hastened into the street and obtained the assistance of a policeman , who took him into custody . On being called up n far his defence , the prisoner said that he certainly struck the iTuuTau several iim « s , butijiathe artwd unuer stiong provocation , as she nasaUvavs"f ( jllbwinc him aboata- . i ^
pestering hmi for -money . —Mr . Croughion said that a mor-s cruel and cowirdiy outrage than the prisoner 1-ad -eomniitfed Iiad seldom been brought under his notire , ana U was only oat of confislsratioa . liif the ft-eiiass ot thcunfortnuate won-. au , whom he had involved in . V . sl grace _ anarum , that he s := ou ! . l abstain from committhi-. turn for trtal . He jIjobV . order him , however , to piv ? anoaths loth . Uouse of Orrectk :. ; aud he should v ,-% & ¦
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^^^ i ^ w ^^ p ^ w ^^^^^^ M ^ w ^^^^^^ 7 quire him farther , at the expiration of his imprisonment , to find bail for his good behaviour " f > r the next three months . ¦ CLERKEIfWELL . Tuesday , —Buri . sc a Child . —Anne Lincoln , a young woman , with au infant in her arms , was charged with stealing a great cjat , pocket-book , and other articles , the property of llr . Daniel Williams , a copper-plate printer , residingkt ' No . 30 , Cheapside , under the following singulur circumstances : —Mr . Williams , au elderly gentleuiau , deposed that on the previous uight he was returning home through Saffron-hill , when he met the prisoner , who asked him if he would buy her child . Having no child of his own he was anxious to make the purchas .-, ana , as the night was told , they went into a public-house to have some refreshment . The prisoner told him that the child was in bed at her lodgings in " Stanley ' s-cuurt , and ihither both of them proceeded . Mr . Cambe inquired witness ' s occupation , aud lie handed in his card , on vihich was printed the aboveaddresaand trade . Witness then proceeded to say that the prisoner asked one shilling
for her child- Mr . Combe—Are you a child dealer ? Mr . Mould ( the clerk)—He is not so described on his card Witness—I never bought a child before . - Mr . Combe— . They seem to be down in the market just now . ( Laughter . ) Witness added , that he went into the room in which the cuild slept with the prisoner , and , after examining the child , gave htr the shilling . She then askud another ; he gave it her . She demanded another—he gave her that too , and then wrapt tlie babe up iu his xreat coat , tor the purpose of taking it home aud adopting it . The uiother asked him to give it her , that she might wrap it up properly ; but Lad no sooner got it in her arms than .= he ran out with the child , coat , and money , slamming the door iu hie face . He cailid in a policeman , and gave the prisoner into custody . The coat was found and given up to him . He did not wish to prosecute . Mr . Combe advised Mr . Williams to confine his dealings to the ordinary articles of commerce , and discharged the woman .
MARYLEBONE . Monday . —Extessiye Ststem of Swindling . —An unusual degreei « jf interest was excited at this court , in consequence of it having been the day appointed fur the re-examination of Frederick William Kully , alia * Captain Kelly , who on Tuesday last was brought up on the charge of having obtained fraudulently a sum of money from Mrs . Oakeley , a dressmaker , residing at No . 16 , Lisson-gfove" north . The prisoner is , it is supposed , one ot the most expert swindlers who for some time past have infested the metropolis and various parts of the country . He has several times figured at this and other polka courts ; and information lias continually been forwarded to the several station-houses with regard to his nuferious practices . From what transpired on the first inquiry ' afew particulars connected with which
have been given ) it appearedthat iu July last the prisoner occupied ready-furnished apartments at Mrs . Oak ley ' . house , and that he had not been there many days before he induced her to cash for him a bill for £ 13 on tin-London and Westminister Bank ; she gave him £ 12 , reserving the oilier £ 1 fur the accommodation . The said bill was signed "W . F . C . Kelly , " and in order , as he stated , that she should be satifised that she might consider herself perfectly free from loss , he gave into her hands also a bill purporting to be drawn by him upon Itobert Glenister , Esq ., Marine Villa , Marina-parade , Brighton ; 'the amount of it was £ 100 . The name "B . Olcnister , " was written across it , and it was made payable at Jones Loyd and Co . ' s . The two bills upon being presented , turned out to be entirely worthless ,. and as she had thus been swindled out of her money by the prisoner ,
who suddenly absconded from her house soon at ' eer the advance was made to him , she gave a description of his person to the police , by whom he was at length apprehended on the morning of the lGth instant at a house in Boyle-street , Regent-street , where he was living with a young female who there passed as his wife , as she did at her ( Mrs . Oakel « y ' s ) dwelling . Mrs . Oakeley was with the officers when they captured him , and she accused him of having stolen a razor of hers , but he denied that he had done anything of the sort . The razor was found in the apartment , and ulso twenty-four duplicates relating to plate and other valuable articles of different descriptions . Mrs . Curridgv , 55 , Brook-street , Lambeth , said that about three months ago the prisoner took a furnished room of her upon the first floor , and that after remaining a week he weut away , saying that he was obliged to go off
by tlie railroad to see an aunt who was very ill . He paid her for his lodgings , and directly after his departure she missed a silver caddy spoon , —Feodore Shaw , a very genteel looking giil , 17 years of age ( the companion of Kiliy while pursuing the system of victimising ) , said that she was now living with her aunt and uncle at Kenuington . She first became acquainted with the prisoner about six months ago , and they had since been together as man and wife . After leaving Brook-street , they , went to an hotel near the Great Western Railway , where they stayed two days ; while there he ( prisoner ) gave to her . a silver spoon , whxh he desired her to pledge at Neatt ' a , Duke-street * Manchester-sguare , and she did " so . He told her that he had brought the . -spoon ! from his former lodging by mistake . The ^ spooii ^^ was produced and . identified by -Mm . « Curridge as having bsen
stolen from her house : it had been pledged by . the prisoner in the ' name of Anne King . Mr . ltawli : i-^ n ( to the prisoner)—I am about to remand you ; if y .. u wish , to say anything I am ready to hear you , . Prisoner —I did not steal the spoon , nor did I give any authority to the woman to pawn it" ; and if you will call her back she will do me the justice to say so . Mr . llawlinsonl . Vhat ! debauch ayoung-girllike this , and then talk about the questioning her again with the view of doing you justice ? She has sworn that you told her to pledge tlie , -poon . Several respectable persons who had been listening to the evidence adduced , here pressed forward eagerly , at the same time expressing a desire to state what they knew of the prisoner and his practices , some of them Laving been sufferers to a considerable extent . Mr . Cazotte , of I 0 , 'Mount-3 treet , Grosvenor-square , said ,
that about eight months ago the . prisoner engaged of him a furnished' first-flour , at one hundred gaiucus psr annum , at the ., same time stilting , A'han called upon for a reference , that application . with respect to him might be made at Ens tone-park , Oxford , and that he had a great deal of property in that neighbourhood ; he ( Mr . Cazotte ) . being unable to go down immediately , repaired thither as soon as he was able , and on his arrival he found that the representations made to him were fake ; on his return home he turned out . the prisoner at the early hour of five iu the morning . -Another person here stepped up in the witneas-box , aud said that about two months ago the prisoner , while living with his lady at . Vine Cottage , Babbicombe , Devonshire , succeeded in obtaining from Mr . Hodge , a draper in an extensive way of business at Torquay , silks , satins , table
linen , < Ssc . &c , to the amount of between £ 33 and £ 40 . Mr . llodge subsequently received information from a solicitor that the prisoner was a well Tknown swindler , and acting npon that information he ( Mr . Hodge repaired to the prisoner ' s dwelling , when he broughtaway a portion of the articles which had been sent in . Mr . Patterson , landlord of the Green Man ami Still , Oxford-street , stated that the prisoner bad lodged at his house , aud ran up a debt amounting to £ 3 . He offered to deposit with him some wine in payment thereof ; hut he refused to receive it , imagining that he ( prisoner ) wa 3 engaged in swindling transactions . He h : ifl since understood that the wint * w : is ohtiiii . cd
fraudulently from Messrs . Fortmun aud Mason , Piccadilly . The prisoner , who seemed completely astounded at finding so strong an array of evidence against him , aud who merely repeated his denial of having authorised the girl Shaw to pawu the spoon , was remanded till Monday nest . Tradesmen and ethers from Devonshire and Kent , and also many more in London , will , no doubt , appear against him on that day . It may be well to state that the prisoner is a man apparently sixty years of age , of sallow complexion , and about fire lest eight inches high ; lie wears a brown great coat and black trousers . This brief description of him may cause other parties to prefer charges ..
LAMDETH . Td £ SDAS GlOSS 0 UTtti . CE AJJD IMPUDENT ROBBESy . Thomas Smith , a notorious thief and desperate character , and Ann Jones , a middle-aged female , were placed at the bar before Mr . Henry , the former on a charge of stealing a £ 10 note under a threat of assassination , and the latter receiving the note , well knowing it to have been stolen . Mrs . Frances Gallehuc , a widow lady , deposed tlnit on the evening of Sunday week she was at tlie house of Mr . HiimbHn , of 3 , Crajfurd-road , Coldblow-lane , Camberwell , and at about ten minutes to eight o'clock , hearing a doable knock at the door , she went to answer it . ' Upon opening the door ,, a man instantly slipped into the hall and handed her a letter , which he requested she would give to lUo mistress of the house . She asked him where he had coma from , and he replied , " It ' s all right . " Shu
told him she did not think so , and that he must have come to the wrong place , but his only reply was as before . She again asked him who he had brought it from , upon which he got up close to her , and in a menacing and commanding tone said , "Do you choose to take it to the lady Gf the house ! If you don't , I'll shoot you . " Theinun at the same instant put his hand towards his trousers nocket . and drew oat something which she believed to be a pistol , and which she subsequently saw to be one . At this time Mrs . Hamblin came iutp the hall , and witness handed her the letter , with which she retired into the drawing-room , leaving witness still standing at the bottom of the sfctirs with the man . While she was thus situated she ( witness ) saw that the nian held a pistol , in one hand an-1 a dirk or dagger iu the other . Soon after Mrs . Hambliu ha'l entered the drawing-room , Mr , Phillips , her
brcther , came to the hall , and addressing the man , sa d , " We live in a free country , and what right have you to come and demand money 2 " The prisoner made some answer to this which she ( witness ) did not recoiled , but Slie . heard him say to Mr . Phillips , "If I have £ 10 I'll leave quietly . " Jir . Phillips told Mrs . Hamblin what tiie man had said about the £ 10 , and the latter replied that she did not know she had £ 10 . Mrs . Haisiblm went up stairs , , Mr . Phillips immediately after gave the in :. n a £ 10 note . Mr . Phillips was following the man to the door , when tho latter told him that if iie attemptrd to follow him , he would blow , his b ; a ' ns out Mrs . ilamblin corroborated the above evidenc , and on being questioned as to the contents of the letter ( which was in the hands of the police ) , said it was in the folio > ving words , or as near so us possible , and addressed " to the lady of the kouae ;" r-. ' . :, -. "Me lhdy , p sent by a gentleman to demand your moacy , which if you don't dtliver immediatel y , I have twelve men outside who will plunder the house , and y our life he put in great jiaiiger . " Mrs . Hambiin then proceeded to say , that upon taking
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the letter she went into a room in which her husband has been lying for several months from an attack of paralysis , and calling her brother , Mr . Phillips , on one side , read to him the contents of the' letter , aud Mi . Phillips went down to the man . Witness at this time got out at the buck way , and requested the servant of her next-door neighbour to go at once and bring a policeman . On returning into the house , her brother tola * herthutthemanhad offered to go out quietly , provided £ 10 was given to him . Shereplied she did not know whether she . had £ 10 , but she should go and see , and if she had sho should givi it . She was then about to go out by the back door , when the man placed his hand upon it and said , "You don ' t pass here . " Sue then weut into the drawing room , aud was about to get out of the window the back way , wheu the man who was
then outside presented a pistol at her , and she desisted . 'Immediately afterwards she heard the man exclaim . . " Is that lady coming ? two minutes more is the utmost I can give . " Mr . Phillips then came to her , said he hml a £ 10 note in his pocket , and asked if he should give it to the man . She gave her immediate consent . Mr . Phillips gave the note to the man and he left the house . The female prisoner / said she got the £ 10 note from her husband 011 the night of Saturday week , and changed it at the pawnbroker ' s on the Monday . Her husband was a bricklayer , and worked " at Uxbridge , but whom for she did not know . the . male prisoner contented himself by saying that he knew nothing about what he was charged with . Mr . Henry , in remanding both for a week , remarked that the robbery was one of the most during and impudent he had heard of for some considerable time .
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GREAT BANQUET IN FAVOUR OF A TEN HOURS'BILL , On- Saturday evening , the operative spinners had a public dinner in the llall of Science , Camp Field , as a demonstration in favourot ' aTenlloura' Bill . There were upwards of COO persons prusent , and amongst the invited guests were Mr . John Fielden , M . P .. for Oldhain , Mr . Feargus O'Connor , and Dr . John Watts . The room was tastefully decorated with evergreens , and hung round with "lacai'dd , 011 which were printed , in large characters , the ibllo-. viii £ ,
amongst other niottos and sentiments : — 'Live and let live ; " "Lord Ashley ' s three majorities against Ministers in 1841 ; " . " More time for rest , mental improvement , and religious exercise ; " " Manufacturers , lessen the hours of labourj and thus * add tu the domestic comfort of your workpeople ; " " The clergy of all denominations who support the Ten Hours ' Bill . " A band of musicians wew stntioiied iu the gallery , opposite the proscenium , oil which the chairman ' s table was placed .--The chair was occupied by Edward "Worsley , an operative spinner . ¦ After the dinner .
The Chairman rose and said , the present meeting had been got up that they might express their sentiments on the great object they had in view , namely , the Ten Hour's Bill . The question had been agitated for the last twenty-five or twenty-six years , but there had never before been so bright a prospect before them—never such a prospect of obtaining the measure . ( Hear , Lear . ) Successive governments had often been asked to pass a Ten Hours' Bill , but instead of doing so , they had enacted that no child under thirteen years of age should work above six hours and a halt ' per day , and this was an enactment which neither masters nor operatives desired to see passed . This relay system , as it was termed , hue ! been the cause of loss to both employer and employed , because mills had frequently been compelled to stop through want of hands most essential to spinners ,
that was , hands under thirteen years ol ngc , Both masters and operatives were convinced of the disadvantages of this system , and he believed that masters would not on that account oppose the Ten Hours' Bill at the present , time , though he had no authority from them to say so . In his opinion an efficient Ten Hours' Bill , with a restriction upon the moving power , would be beneficial tor both masters and operatives . ( Cheers . ) Since the relay system had commenced , some manufacturers had commenced working eleven hour 3 a day , with benefit both to . themselves arid their workpeople , and that was a powerful argument in favour of this cause . Then a considerable body of persons in Manchester had got a half-holiday ,, and . the press had assisted them to obtain it ; and certainly , if . it was essential for them to work a less number of hours in
the week , it was essential for the factory operatives to do the same . ( Hear , hear , and loud cheers . ) Then manufacturers had subscribed , and government had granted money , for public parks and walks for the benefit of health ; the press assisted in accomplishing that object also ; and that led him to tfiink that there was a growing feeling in favour of shortening the hours of labour ; for , if i ' actjry operatives were to continue to work twelve hours a day , those parks and walks would be of no benefit to them , and their having been asked to subscribe would be a mere mockery . ( Hear , hear . ) If the press would only do a 3 much for the factory operatives as it . had done for other parties , he had no doubt they should attain their object . ( Applause . ) After requesting that the different speakers would confine themselves to the question on which they were met , he concluded by proposing " The health of the Queen . " .
Some other loyal toasts were then given , after which— .-.... ¦¦ ¦ _ ' William Arrowsmith , secretary to the Spinnera ' Union , read letters which had been received from Mr . Thomas Duncombe , M . P ., Mr . Richard Oastler , Mr . W . 13 . Ferrand , M ; P ., and Mr . Shaman Crawford , M . P ., te whom invitations had . been sent , but who were unable to be present . •¦ . . The Chairman then proposed the following senti meut , " May the factory workers be united in one firm bond of union , and never relax their exertions until the Ten Hours' Bill becomes the law of the land . " ( App . ause . )
Mr . Mosley , spinner , said : —Mr . Chairman , —It is with feelings of great pleasure I rise to respond to the toast announced from the chair , because it appears to contain a principle vitally interesting to the factory workers . Being one myself , it is a sentiment peculiarly gratifying to my feelings . It is a well known fact , that the working classes have been often taunted with being ignorant ; so much so that ihoy are said to be totally unfit to exercise the least control over those who make the laws by which this country is governed ; and if the working classes generally are so ignorant , how can the factory workers be expected to be otherwise , who have to work longer , and have , in consequence , less time for instruction ? It is our boundeu duty , then , to use every exertion to obtainthe Ten Hours' Bill , in order that we may have time to enlighten our minds , so that we may understand and perform our duties as good husbands and fathers , and set an example to our children worthy of
imitation . When wo have become enlightened , we shall probably ask how it is , notwithstanding the vast increase in the powers of production , that , according to the statement of Sir James Graham , one-tenth of the population are in a state of pauperism ? We shall most likely ask ourselves the reason of our continuing to work long hours , when it has been admitted that the wants of the country can be supplied with six or eight hours'labour a-day . We shall then begin to inquire what is meant by the law ol primogeniture and entail , by which the land of this country is monopolized by a few aristocratic families . We shall then make ourselves acquainted with the laws and institutions of our country , so that we may respect all good laws ; and , on the other hand , be able to bring the whole moral power of an enlightened public opinion to bear- upon all bad laws , and remove them from the statute book for ever . I heartily iespond to the sentiment proposed from the chair .
The Chairman said : Now , gentlemen , I have the pleasure of introducing to your notice one of the most able and consistent advocates of our cause out of the House of Commons , Feargus O'Coanor , Esq . The instant the Chairman made the announcement every individual in the body of the hall rose at once , and the cheering and waving of hats lasted for a considerable time , while the'handkerchiefs of the fair sex in the galleries waved gracefully , and bore testimony of the affection entertained in that quarter for Mr . O'Connor . As soon as the applause had subsided , he said : —
Mr . Chairman and kind friends , — -To what am I to attribute this cordial , this nattering , this more than enthusiastic reception ? Is it thai you know me better than when you despised my co-operation , or that you stand more in need of my assistance now ? or is it because you have . ever found me brave , consistent , and zealous as labour ' s advocate '; ( Cheers . ) It was not with you I commenced labour ' s battle ; it was with the " fustian jackets , the blistered hands , and the unshorn chins . " ( Cheers . ) And have you at length discovered that the sword that pieic .-d the siduu of tho iianiiloom-vveavors lias reached Your bodies ? ( Cheers . ) But , sir , whatever 1 mselicitoo this boundless applause , I am happy , most happy ,- " to meet the champions of labour of all classes , creeds
and politics upon this neutral ground , where "domestic comfort , " that motto upon one of your placards , is to be the subject of discussion . ( Cheers . ) What but that have I been contending for . and struggling for , all my life ? ( Cheers . ) I agree with the last respectable speaker as to the use 3 to which the profits upon increased machinery should bo applied . I object to all that should be national goinir into one protected channel . ( Cheers . ) 'But , sir , I have more honourable cause of quarrel with the system thim even the excessive toil it imposes . I quarrel with the effects of that toil made manifest in you , sir . ( Loud cheers . ) Yes , sir , when I see you , with-a freeman ' s head and a slave ' s body —( loud
cheers)when I feel that nature intended you for a philosopher , and find that you are made a cri pple— - ( great sensation)—then , sir , I must be pardoned if my feelings cau-y me beyond tbe bounds of mere argument . ( Oneers . ) I further object to a system which stops the current of humanity in the hearts ophilanthropists . We have now upon the platforna gentleman whom nature sent as a picture of liis proudest work , as an honest man , into the world ; Inn whom the system has compelled to ' be a thief amr . n" - thieves . We have Mr . Fielden , with Ms vcneral . e grc . v hairs aad venerated old principles . ( Loud siti > - continued cheering . ) Yes , sir , he is not a mer . theorist ; he was read y , nut only to preach , but tu
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practice ; he-tried" ten hours' labour , ' -and society ¦ drove him from this moral position ; as he could not live and compete against the abominations of system ( cheersj—bnt he is here to-night , standing out ixwUy from his order to proclaimthe ' workman ' s title to 111 s share of national wenlth —( great cheering )—and , while he is here , I may take the opportunity oi charging him a 3 the author of all my misfortunes . When I came from my own country , fresh eauyht from the inountaius —( eheer 3 and laughter)—I could not be supposed to understand much of an English operative ' s'life , while I was strongly imbued with national prejudices against England and everything English . I held not learned how to discriminate between ! the English people ana their oppressors then , but I have now—( cheers)—and who iirat opened ' my eves to the sufferinas of the English people ? Why , John Fielden . ' ( Cheering . ) In ¦ his celebrated
speech in the House of Commons , wherein , - while Malthusiaus were boasting of your independence , he proved your slavery and poverty from documentary and statistical evidence which statesmen denied , but never have yet refuted —( cheers)—he set me thinking , thought set me acting ; 1 came to the manufacturing districts ; I saw that he had not exaggerated the picture of your sufferings , and 1 vowed that eternal hostility to the whole system which has since cost me so many pounds of money , and so many trials and hours of suffering and anguish ; but Hook upon this night's balm as more than recompense for all . ( Tremendous applause . ) I have had many differences with Mr . Fielden , but I iiave never altered my opinion as to his humanity . ( Cheers . ) In 1831 ) , when we hoped that labour ' s cause was strong , 1 attached paramount importance to lessening the hours of labour , and - Fielden , being then , as he is now , the champion , I said of him , that he found you poor till
• ' Greatly rising in his country ' s right . Her hero , her deliverer , sprung to light : ' A race of hardy northern sons he led , Guiltless of courts untainted arid ukfkc , Whose inborn spirit apurned the ignoble fee ; Their hearts scorned bondage for their hands were free . " ( Loud cheers . ) Why did I entertain this opinion ol him ? Because I heard him in "that house , where aristocratic blood is the best recommendation , pleading the cause of the infant from what , as an-Jniant factory worker , he had experienced himself—( great applause)—and , aristocratic as I was , I honoured him who was the architect of his own fortune , and who had the pride and manliness to admit it , amid titled fools , more than ray Lord Stanley and . his class , who
are born with golden spoons in their mouths . ( Loud cheers . ) I was sorry to hear your respected Chairman enter upon the question of infant labour as a mere abstract question . ( Hear , hear . ) I protest against infants under thirteen years of age working at ail —( loud cheers )—at all events at such labour as is calculated to twist their grissel into deformities , and deprive their younjj minds of-those early impressions which they ought to receive /' and which ought to be the foundation of that knowledge to make them pass respectably through lifei ' ( Cheers . ) Would reel ; would Itussell , would any ^ who could prevent it , allow their children under thirteen years of age to work six and iv hdf hours a day at factory labour ? ( Cheers and no . ) Then why should you ? ( RenewedI
cheering . ) Are not your children as dear to you —( cheers ) ¦^ -ayejnnd dearer ? if you were allowed thelegitiniafe training' and management of them in youth , and their dutiful support aud comfort in old age . ( Cheers . ) But they'll work you , and exereise you , and give you mental recreation . ( Laughter . ) 1 have no confidence in the theorists who would give you parka to expose your crippled limbs in —( cheers)—but they are right to keep you from tke light of day . I have no respect for tho .-e who would toil you all the week and wash you on Saturday night . ( Great cheers and laughter . ) I have no confidence in those who would fain improve your minds , but so weaken your bodies as-to impair your intellects . ( Cheers . ) Working-men , 1 am for every man having his own
park to walk'in —( tremendous applause );—1 am for every man being his own - washerwoman —( cheers and laughter )—lam for everymarrkavingbooksofhisown , and lime to read them—( checra )~ aad that ' s the reason why I agree with Mr . Mo 3 le ^ trhen he -says , " That , if you are ignorant now , your ignorance : ia a charge upon those who deprive you of the means of iiistruotion . " ( Cheers . ) You don't know yourselves what it is that is fighting labour's battle . It is their gas , steam navigation , railroads , the printing press , the penny stamp upon newspapers ,-the penny postage , and all those improvements which are national property , but which by bad legislation—( tremendous cheering )—have been converted to mere class gain . Hissing . ) If political economists will measure
then- philanthropy and your condition by landlord tyranny and agricultural wages , they must consent to hear argument on both sides of the question . You are to the agricultural labourers precisely what the race-horse is to the slow and sleek waggon-hovse . ( Cheers , and hear , hear . ) Your life is one continuous " blood-eun , " and you ought to be remunerated accordiifcly . ( Cheers . ) Who ever heard of a race horse b i ig sound and supple , at ten years of age , or able to run well at seven ? ( Cheers . ) No one . lie has been " used uj >"—worked out in youth . But how often will you see a steady old plough-horse , or a waggon-horse , in spirits , heart , and flesh ; at twenty-five or thirty . ( Cheers . ) Then what I contend for is , that if , like the nice-horse , ' you give your
whole life's blood in a few years , that ,- during those few years , you should not only have as much as the dull husbandman can earn through tlie whole of life , but that you shall also have wherewithal to make the remainder of your days happy , without labour , upon a better provision tiian the tender mercies of . a "Poor Law" bastile . ( Great cheering . ) Who ever saw a cotton spinner of eighty-four working ! ' wJiiiu I have now working for me men of that age ; who are the ninth generation ; that have worked for nine generations of my family . ( Cheers . ) Their life is more calm—their death will be more easy—than that of the artificial slave . ( Cheers . ) I tell you-what 1 recognise as the two great elements that you should contend for—restriction as » distribution , ( Cheers ,
and "that ' s it ! " ) lteducing the hours of labour is the onl y legitimate mode of restriction . ( Cheers . ) It is neither legitimate , just , nor humane , that you should be compelled to give your heart's blood to system , and then , out of jour poor pittance , to ward off competition by supporting system-made idlers . ( Great cheering . ) GOO men are to 500 precisely what twelve hours are to ten —( cheers)—and , by the Ten Hours' Bill , there would be employment for 600 , where there is now only employment for 500 . ( Cheer 3 . ) And is this not necessary , nay indispensible , . when tho hell-born Secretary of State told us that one in every ten of your order were receiving parish relief , and living a pauper ' s life in merry England . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Iu Sheffield ,
many trades had reduced their houra of labour to eight . ( Cheers . ) Aye , and quite enough , too . ( Cheers . ) He was for good King Alfred's division : eight hours for work , eight for rest , and eight for recreation , ( Loud cheering , ) Tlie Sheffield men soon brought ihe Home Secretary ' s paupers into requisition , and there was no fall of wages ; they literally got more for eight hours than for twelve " . ( Cheers . ) Oh , he wanted these two hours for study and thought , very much ; it would soon lead to philosophy and knowledge , and good government would be the resuit . ( Loud and long-continued cheering . )
He objected to any man being called upon to pay a farthing to ward off the abuses and blows of system ; it was actually a tax upon industry and kindly feeling ( Cheers . ) He had no respect for the drones that would preach food and starve the bees in the midst of their own honey . ( Cheers . ) He had no respect , for those who would create misery , and then sympathise with the unfortunates . ( Cheers , ) Sympathy was , no doubt , a ve . y good thing in its way ; but liberty was better . ( Cheers . ) Those who had assembled there were fighting labour ' s battle most gloriously , and let him remind them , that labour ' s battle was freedom ' s battle—( great cheers )—and
Labours' battle once begun , Bequeathed from b'eeuiug sire to son , Though baffled oft is ever won . " ( Tremendous applause . ) lie would now explain what he meant by distribution . He would suppose a master cotton-spinner to commence business with ittOO . OOG , and to realize £ 1 , 000 , 000 in any number of years . What he consider ed equitable distribution of- the proceeds , and , to -which no master coulit well object , was this , "That if the master had augmented bis £ 100 , 000 to half a million , and made £ 400 , 000 profit , those whose labour had realized it should have the other half million . ( Great cheering . ) Then , if 100 men had been engaged in amassing this fortune , the master would have £ 500 000—a very nice retiring salary— ( cheers)—and the beeswould have £ 5 , 000 each ; if 200 were enga g ed , the * would have 300 each
^ 2 , ; if 100 , they would have £ 1 , 2-30 ; a fair , but not an over , remuneration and a better retiring salary than a kick and " I have done with you ; go , slave , and make another tyrant '* fortune , or take shelter in-the bastile . " ( Uproarious applause . ) That ' s whatl call notequitable distribution , as the bees would not have their share ; but it is better than labour share at present .. Now I only nsk comparative improvement for . your order 1 nsk , that if the Queen is not satisfied with the palace her ancestors lived-in ; - if the master is . not satisfied with the cottage ; his-forefathers occupied- if the banker is not satisfied with the mansion his sires lived and amassed wealth b , that you , who have produced all that has led to those ^ pirations , should not be removed from theeottage to the cellar : but that you , too , should be elevated by the same graduated sliding scale . ( Great applause . } S <*
what a-struggle labour is now making for the ¦ _ acquisition-of- its just share of national wealth , and see what advocates it lias got . 1 was delighted to hear the response you gave to the latter ot your champion , King Richard . ( Loud cheers . ) He is a man who , I believe , would die on the floor ot the House rather than abandon tho portion he had gained for labour ; and . if you are sincere m your professions , and mean to be true to vour-» jjves , one ot your principle objects should be to place iuchnrd pastier in Parliament to fight your battle . (( . Treat cheenng and waving of hats . ) I will jiow call your attention to some of rhose anomalies which put society out of joint . M .-re is produced , but
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fewer ; hands are . required . in . the production , therefore more , profitis pocketed by the employer oi the fewer number iof hands .- For instance , one man upon the ' platforni \ worked onejvheel : teu years ago , now he-works four ,: andyeceives ienj . shilliufis a-week less ¦ ¦ 'for the fourfold , labour .. ;^ ( Cheers ; , aud : "Its true . " ) Another person on the glatformi ; worked ; two wheels six years ago ; and now works six , but receives no moro wages . ( " True . " ) Well , then , who pocketed the additions } , profit ? or is tins not ; the most dangerous and injurious competition ?—( cheers ) —far more dangerous tk » i the cows afar off with long horns , ( tireat chewing . ) He asked this question , and one day ., it muss be answered . How happens it- that those with political power have
amassed fortunes , while thoso vrl 3 » make the fortunes for them are not able to bear one week ' s idleness , or to stand one season ' s scarcity ? ( Cheers . ) I ask how . it . happens that a system is-tolerated which enables some to live a life of idleness , a long life upi . n the profits of the three last years roaring trade , while others are compelled to petition for the means of preserving a mere existence . ( Cheurs . ) He would . say of Lord .. Ashley , that he was glad to find his name - so honoured ; and he only trusted that he would reap his reward in the blessings of the future he was endeavouring to create . ( Cheers . ) Of the ( fiorious champion , King Richardloud cheers for Oastler)—he would say that he was delighted to hear ; the way his letter was received , and
if the committee took his ( Mr . O'Conuors ) advice , he would recommend . them to strain every nerve to put their cock in ; that fit where ho could best fight labour ' s battle—in the House of Commons ... ( Tremendousapplause . ) . He asserted , without fear of contradiction , that Oastler would die upon the . floor of the House rather * . than yield an inch of the position labour had achieved to labour's oppressors . ( Loud cheers . ) He had now shown them that iliey were racehorses , and aa such they should put-on speed to win' the iauu . Russell was pledged to a Ten Hours' Bill , but then he was on the promise side of the house—( laughter and cheers)—now . he was for a bit at the performance aide , and let theni test his promise . ( Cheers . ) Where is the hale and healthy spinner , who has worked , for seventy years , as you find agricultural labourers , ah ?
Rari apparent nantes m gurgite vasto . . Few appear 6 wimuiinBO » the vwt deep . ( Cheer *); . He lopked'upon the shortening ; of the hours of ; labour as the'right arm and best-leg- t > f : tub thing lie uad spent his best , days in working for , but which just now should be nameless . ( A tremendous burst of app lause . ) Mr . O'Connor then drew a brief picture of the difference between the slave who ' worked for another , and the freeman who works for himself . The . one , he said ,.- works according to his strength ; tho other , according ; to his wants ; which the largest amount of UbpurcannotiiBorethsun : over . The one has somethingof'hisiown . tolovp ^ the other has everything to hate ; * Tlie one lies down , if sick , inliisown bed ,- surrounded by his own . family , the other takes
shelter in a Poor-Law bastile , and is thrown upon the tender mercies of one who considers the labour of attendance a task of- labour ,: not the labour -of love .- ( Loud ; cheers . ) The one pocketsj ) exe | j' ^ taiv thing of his own earnings ; , the otheE « Ju ^^^ kes what the lion pleases to offer . ( Lojuj ^ UeiisrsiO-wTne one enjoys life ; while , the other prolongs a wretched existence , through a life of misery . ( Cheers . ) Mind , if you have £ 2 . a-rweek , and if fiction raises tlie price of every article of life , you are , after all , but comparatively less miserable than your Ies 3 fortunate neighbours , while I seek and demand positive , not comparative comfort , for those-who live by the sweat ot their own brow .- ( L » ud cheers . ) I have no confidence in thosewho -would starve you , and then
preach the blessings of abundance . . ( Great cheering . ) I have no respecttor those who create misery , and then sympathise with the unfortunate ; ( Cheers . ) lhave no repect for those whose theory ; is justice , but whose practise is tyranny . ( LoupVcheers . ) But , in conclusion , I hay e . continence in whatl now see around me ; I have confidence in . the rising gmiius . of liberty —( cheers)—and in the growing , aspirations fur liherty . ( Loud cheers . ) I have confidence , in . that self-esteem and that self-reliance of which I see so strong an illustration before me . I have reliance upon your own orderr and I feel convinced , and assured , that the attainment of that knowledge which
two ; hours' additional time for education would give , wouW finally realise all myJondest hopes of protection for the benefit you had achieved . ( Great cheering . ) When you haye ^ time- toV . thinfc ^ you-will love me better —( great cheering)—because you will then UNDKR 8 TAND MT MOTIVES BETTER . ( CllCerS . ) Bllfcl must be social on this neutral ground , and , therefore , conclude ' ' by tendering you a--continuation of my best exertions on behalf , of your just and noble principle , observing that—there has been a dark cloud o ' er the destinies of your country , but in the distant horizon 1 see the dim shadow of liberty , and my heart gladdens— ... i ,
In my eostacy , I exclaim , " Can it he V Aud a voice responds , " union and libebti 1 " It would be utterly impossible to give the faintest notion of the manner in which Mr . * O'Connor ' s address was received throughout , or of the applause evinced at the . close . The Chairman proposed the " Health and long life to Lord Ashley and his illustrious family . " William Arrowsmith , as au instance of the devoteduessot' Lord Ashley in the cause he had espoused , iueiuipned his refusal of office when the Conversatives came into power , whereby he had sacrificed emoluments fuur or five times greater than his own income . Mri John Teer responded , and said , I regret very much tliat I have not the ability to do full justice to
his lordship's character . The conspicuous part which that amiable nobleman lias' taken In i ' urchc-r ance of the Ten Hours' Bill reflected the highest credit upon him . He was ever foremost in advocating every measure which had for its object the amelioration of the lot of the toiling millions . In the Commons House of Parliament he stands the brilliant aad powerful advocate of the rights of the faotory children , and his mode of advocacy was always successful . I am glad to find that so great a number have attended here this evening . It is by meetings like this that public opinion will become concentrated relative to a reduction in the hours of your labour . 1 am happy to iind that there is amongst tho working classes an evident augmentation of
intelligence ; that there are many amongst them who , notwithstanding their long hours of labour , have found a liitle time to acquire solid knowledge . I hope that this disposition for menial improvement will go on progressing until tho working classes shall have acquired that amount of enlightenment which will bo the bast weapon they can wield for improving their moral , social , and physical condition . " lam glad to find : suck men amongst you as the tirst speaker , Tiios . Mosley ; he is an ornament to yuur body—he lias nobly advocated the cause this evening . I hope , however , that . > no undue advantage will betaken of him for having honestly and energetically expressed his sentiments here . I say this , because I hear that some men have been " sacrificed for having
pleaded the cause ot the factory children at a meeting on this question , which was held a fortnight ' ago , at the Corn Exchange . Three men , who were zealous in this cause , and bold enough to stand on the platform and avow their sentiments on that occasion , have , since that meeting been sacrificed ; they have been discharged , they are now destitute of employment , and I tear that their discharge has arisen from their connexion with the Ten Hours' Bill question . This shows with what alaority we should-aid and assist such noble minded men as Fcargus O'Connor , Esq ., John Fielden , Esq ., M . P ., aud all the other taienced advocates of this i mportant measure . There is nothing can prevent you from obtaining a legislative
enactment for a cuitailnient in the hours of your labour , except your own apathy . Tlie mill owners may tell us that they could not compete with foreigners if this measure were carried into operation , but this is a false argument , thei&buld do . I hey may toll us that we should not \ v 0 rSles 3 hours than the workmen in America , but I believe ' we work lunger hours than the Americans , and even if we did not , we are justified in setting the example of working short hours to all other nations . I hope , in conclusion , that Lord Ashley and tlie friends of the Teii Hours' Bill will soon have the happiness of congratulating each other on the passing of this humane arid beuevolent measure . .
ihe . Chairman next gave , "The health of John Fielden , Esq ., M . P . ; Charles Hindley , Esq ., M . P . ;* nd i . ll our friends in parliament . " ' ' Mr . . Fielden , on rising to respond , was received with repeated cheers . He said ho should have preferred the meeting without the dinner , because the imposing of a tax of Is . Cd . per head upon evcrv individual coming there had made the meeting , in his opinion , Ie 33 numerous than it otherwise would have been . ( " Hear , hear , " and " True . " ) There were very many persons who worked in factories , and who Jelt a deep interest in the passing of a Ten Hours ' Bili , who were unable to pay Is . Cd . in order to attend a meeting like the present , and it was but right that they should have an opportunity of showing that thev
were m favour of such a measure . In 1844 this cause was so important , that Sir Robert Peel and Sir James Graham declared that if Parliament passed the bill < n Lord Ashley , they would retire into private life . ( Hear . ) Why , they , were gone into private life—('' hear , hear , " and laughter ) , — -and the Ten Hours ' Bill would be obtained if the factory operatives would imly . persevere , lie-Md said in . the House of Commons , and-he repeated it now , that to labour ten hours a day was too long ; and ; he regretted , exceedingly , to hear the chairman say that he wanted a Ten Hours' . Bill for both children and adults . He ( Mr Fielden ) did not want it ; ( Hear . hear . 1 Thev had
got a six hours bill for children , and he did not want to go . back to ten , because he believed that six hours a day ill a factory , was labour enough , for an adult ( "Hear , hear " and applause . ) .. He was quite safslied that , with the increased power of ' -production which tins country had , accomplished within ' the last , forty years , and with our capabilities ^ increasing it to an almost indefinite extent , ' as much could be produced by working three hours a day ' as would be necessary to supply the wants of the world . ' ( Hoar ) Vv-hy ti ! C ! l Should they want to bring children bail from six hours a day ? The object should bs to reduce the uou « of labour of adults from twelve to six
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( Ileai , hear . ) He should be charged with askin t that which was iinpossibie , but he asked for tl I which was right ; and succeed or hot , it was his d !? to sow the seed and let ittake root ; and ho hid . doubt that if they persevered \ tliey would in ' a f ! ' ° years , not only get a reduction to ten , b . it ' t 0 ' ei ^ lT Amirs a day . But they were asking for a Ten Hours ' Bill , and he was glad that they wertf determined t « have it ; but 'let it be a Ten Hours'JJill for thOs above thirteen years of age , Jpoiiot bring - jj lose bul ° thirteen * years up to ten Hoars-a day , ( Hear , - i , ., Couhl ' &ny man who was worthy the" . name ' nf Englishman , declare , in . " the face of his ey untrv that huntan beings ought to- work more tlm ' u tun hours a . day in a factory ? lie knew , unit th e meeting knew also , that twelve hews of actual labumin a factory was destructive i > f life » ml jimb , the [)« ,,
teotion of which ought to be the first consideration u ? the legislature . He advised the meeting to support ; Lord John KuvselFs return to oltice , tWite aim iiU colleagues , from the part they took in opposing sir itobert Peel ' s go verament ; on the . question , ¦ w-ere pledged to a Ten Houra'Bill . ' ( Hear , lunw . ) After : eadingso : uo extracts from a speech by Lord , i o i j ( . Russell , in order to convince the meeting tin ^ t- tiiuru was ground for hope that a liberal government- lvyuij carry the measure , Mr . Fielden said the questkm he wished to put to the meeting was , — -Were they sincerely desirous that the legislature should pass a 'i ' Hours' Bill , regardless of the effect it might have upon wages ? •(•' Yes , yes , " ) Us might , sute- t ! i » & as being the sentiment of the mule spinners and suitactiiig minders of Manchester ? - ( "ifes . " ) Tlieu li » would do so . ( Applause . ) ' : .-
, Air . Jonnson was called upon to speak to . this sea . tinient . He said—Mr . Chairman , tho regret expressed by thi 9 meeting , on hearing tke letter reaj from our beloved Oaatler , stating that . it would be impossible for- him to be with us this evening , is not more sincerely felt by any one present than by myself . There was another regret expressed by Mr-, bidden that this hall was nut ntorecrowded than it was . Allow me to tell Mr . Fieiden , that this is not a public meeting , but a private trade festival . As ons of the preceding speakers said , we want the Ten Hours ' Bill in order to make certain inquiries , which lie enumerated . There are others of nut less importance wb' 2 I 1 will engage our attention . Mr . Cobtlen has told iis that tlie Duko " of Richmond . is . a mail of average intellect , and a fair sample of his order , and that this duke is , iu every respect ; as respectable a
man as he would give 30 s . per week to ,. leaving his hearers to infer that he was not avery : wise man , or he woii d nut oppose the repeal of the Corn Laws , Mr . Fielden tells us that , in tiie years 1820 and 1827 , the Americans , with the proceeds of . ' 600 lbs . of cotton , couid purchase only 344 yards of domestic or stout cloth .- But , in 1835 , they could purchase for the same cotton , 5 CA yards , being an advance of sixty-four per cent . . Now , for our ¦ nanufauturei's to do ihis ,- > veknow thst we must either work harder , or worlc for Jess wages ; and we want the Ten Hours ' Bill to give us time to inquire into the wisdom of such proceedings , and whether the extension of trade is for our benelit or no . Therefore , it is that the best thanks are due to Messrs . : Oastler and : Wood , of Bradford , from the operative factory-workers , for their exertions in endeavouring to obtain an eiiiuieut , Ten Hours '* Bill . > ; - . ^ - " -
-The Chairman proposed , " May commerce flourish and manufactures prosper , and labour meet its reward ; - - - •¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ :. '¦ : ¦ •¦ . - .. - Dr . J . Watts being called upon * to respond said , Mr . Chairman , iadies and gentlemen , 1 rejoice to see sucii meetings , as this , they . \ ifo . d an opportunity for advocating me cause of humanity , and the object , whioh ' . tuis meeting-is-seeking to attain is purely , humaue object all parties ' can join in promoting . I have . often . been am u sed , in . going through a cpttun . mill , in viewing and examining the . cuinplltated machitiery , and how every crank , lever . and pulley works harmoniously together . I observed that great care was taken . in protecting that machinery ; that it was nut overworked ; that nothing was done to impair it ; that tlie . machines did nut do too much wurk .
ffhethBrtuey were self-actors , double deckers , or any other sort of machines . If the iron or wood of wiikli they were made goes wrong , or suffers deterioration , the loss falls . upon the employer , and , therefore , he has a direot'iriterest . ih preserving them . If a thread breaks it is immediately pieced . The inanimate putt is strictly attended to ; but , 1 regret to add , that ic is noo so _ with- thciliv . e part . ¦ if an arm or a leg getsirijuredjior destroyed , it can readily be dispensed with , for there are plenty of others , waiting to supply ' tlie ^ F-. ' phice . There was every protection for the iron aiiid' woodj ^ but ; none for the flesh audbones of the factory operatives . The speaker here entered into the disadvantages under which mill-hands laboured , who worked twelve hours a-day , and allowed tiie impossibility of their moral and physical advancement
under the present system . The men who were most forward iu promoting the half-day holiday , were utiwiiling . to co-operate for a reduction in tho'hours of labour , yet the factory-workers required this reduction more than they . Some ot those who advocate a repeal of the Corn Laws are against the Ten Hours ' Bili . > I consider , both meaauresgood , and both parties might consistently join to obtain them , lam a member of tiie . Mechanics' Institution , and a / so of the Atheneum ; but I have not had a book out of either places during the Jast six months . Lhave but little time for reading , and if this be the case with me , how much , more so must it be with those
employed in cotton-milis . The speaker ' . heru forcibly described the influence of the factory , system upon the female character , and especially upon those who hud childien , and , after a few mure appropriate obseivations , concluded amidst great cheering , v Several other toasts were proposed and responded to , when the room was prepared for dancing , which was kept up , under excellent arrangement , until it was time for the mirthful group once more to don the slave ' s apparel , to spin , that others may . male * the rule , what , with them , was but the exception , a nigh c festivity . Nothing could give greater satisfaction , or go off better , than the whole proceedings .
Untitled Article
Chartist 11 \ j . i , 1 , Tursagai . n-u . vb , —The public discussion will be resumed , at half-past ten o ' clock precisely , on Sunday morning next , December 2 diii . la the afternoon , at three precisely , the Metropolitan District Council will meet for the dispatch of uusiuesi A full attendance of delegates is requested at the present crisis . In the evening , at seven o'clock i » ivcisely , Mr . Thomas Cooper ( the Chartist poet ) will deliver tho ninth and lasc of his second cuuroc of lectures . Subject— "Discoveries , life , andchawi-w , of Sir Isaac Newton . " Mai : ylebo . ne . —On Sunday evening next , December 23 th , at seven o ' clock , Mr . Altred llnnnibell « i » deliver a public lecture "On the advantages arising from National Trades' Unions , " at the Coach Painters Ann sCircus-street .
, City of Lokdoit . —Mr . Itobson will attend nt t » e Bell Inn , Old Bailey , on Sunday evening nsxt , December the 28 th , at seven o ' clock , to explain the objects and enrol members in the National United Trades Association for the Employment of Labour . Pimlico . —Mr . Gimbktt will attend the King s Arms , Upper Ebury-street , for a similar purpose at the same hour . ... North West of Losdon . —Mr . Jolm _ Storey will attend at the Kina and ( iueen , corner of C . evelam .-street , Fitzt-ov-square , at the same hour for a I'M
purpose . Westminister . —The secretaries will , for the lutwe , be ready to enrol members in the Chartist C o-operative Land Society , or in the National Charter Association , at the Parthenium , 72 , St . Alartm s-lsine , every Sunday evening from seven until nino o clock precisely . ... , Cambeuwell asd Walwortit . —A meeting ml ™ held at the Montpelier Tavern , Waliw tJi , w Monday evening next , December 29 th , at Olgllt 0 CiOUi precisely . ¦ ' , ., Hammersmith . — 'A Meeting will bo held at i ^ Dunn Cow ; Brook Green-lane , on Tuesday evcumo next , at eight precisely . . .. . , „
Martleb'ixb Locality . —An harmonic mew " , will take place on Monday evening , Leccmuci- ;¦ at the Coach Painters' Arras , Circus-street , *» road , to commence at eight o ' clock precisely- , Lancashire Misers . —The general delegate me- « ing of Lancashire Miners ' will be held ° n M , on ,, * next , December 29 th , at the Unicorn and I" ™ "" Roytori , near Oldham . Chair to be taken at cieu o'clock in the forenoon . There will also be a W >»* meeting , which will be addressed by \ V . 1 ' - l f ^ Esq ., and several other gentlemen . The ley the fortnight , including general contribution ^ » per member . . ., „„„ , ; MA . NciiEsiER .-Mr ; Ambrose Hurst , of OIJJ ^ J will lecture on Sunday night next in the wu'lj u . , , « . Hall , at half-past six . Mr . John West , ot iuj ' ^ field , will lecture on Sunday , January ¦* " !; , ,,, j half-past sis in the evening . Subject- " Iho W " and its capabilities . "
Central Criminal Coujct
Central Criminal Coujct
Jfortlkmmng ' Ikuetingsi.
jfortlKmmng ' iKUetingsi .
Untitled Article
Wreck , and Loss of Life .- ( From a Sf Edition ot ' tue Pembroke Advertiser , i- ' riday M" 'C It is with extreme regret that we have to aniiui ^ the wreck of two vessels at Fishgnard IJay , ^ happened to-day . The stern of one of tiiem ^ floated in , on which is inscribed " H oward , * vannah . " There were from thirty , to - ° rty p \ | , u 6 seen on her deck previous to her going to P ° jst . from the boisterous state of the weather no £ - * ance could be rendered , and it is suppose d w ^ hands perished . From the size of the sttnii ^ mast have been a ship of about 700 tons burilcn . ^ name of the other vessel we have nut vet oee to ascertain , but particulars will / appear in ou .
—— ^^M ^Mi^^^^.—— ¦ Jl Muted By Dougal M'Gowajs', Of 1«, ≪&** *' '"* *» Strm, Hhymarhet, In The City-Of W««»» - . R Ue Frc-
—— ^^ m ^ Mi ^^^^ . —— ¦ jl Muted by DOUGAL M'GOWAJS ' , of 1 « , < & ** *' '"* *» strm , HHymarhet , in the City-of W ««»» - . Ue frc-
umcem'tne same street aim " *" ' ' ni ^ " prletor , FEAEGUS O'COKNOK , Es < j ., aa-1 «« : i ( Kli , Wiluam Hewitt , of No . 18 , Ch .-ines-s troot , " , .. ^ . street , Walworth , in the I ' arish . ofSt . - < 1 . »" . * / 0 , t-. li , m the County oi ' Surrey . at tKi ! Ol . iW . ^ . ^ j Strand , in tho Parish of St . > , iary-le-5 > K" » • City of Westminster . S : ituvd » y 3 > eeen ) bar 27 , J 8 Wt
Untitled Article
- ; " J " ''"[;; '' - . - '¦ V ¦ . ;; - THE NORTHERN S ^ A ft . - --.-- December 27 ; mis
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 27, 1845, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1347/page/8/
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