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Cratrts' fftitemfo*
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IRELAND.
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TO TI1E MEMBERS OF THfi CHARTI ST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIEiY.- - -•
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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My Djjab FaiESD 3 ,-The principal point upon TOichlconaderitmy duty to address yon this wick fe a subject upon which I receive many lctt «* . « w » BanvmMcom munications-thesu bjectoftrans fer Parties write to me as if the land p roject « " ^ ^ = r / -3 S ferA-fflKSSS
^ Stp ^ It shonld be disUncily understo od , then , that I liave no power , that the sorieiy has no power , and tliat the iueraters selected by ballot have no power , to enter into any such compromisv , and it is because tbe preference belongs of right to the members who have paid up , that wekeep a " register of eixir names for the two acre drift , althoug h only seventeen couid be located , of twentysix fur the foar acre draft , although ; only thirteen coald be located , and of twelve for the three acre draft although only five could be located .
Sow this course was adopted for the especial purpose of having a sufficiently large number to have an option in case any of the successful candidates declined . Upon the other hand , when the occupant cets his lease aud is located , no law would preserve asy restrictive power in the hands of the officers to prevent the occupant from disposing of his interest ; nor can I see tbe utility , the justice or wisdom of such a restrictive power , if the society could possess itself of it ; in fact , it would be a coercive instead of
a free life . For instance , suppose out of so large a number as one section of 6000 , a few should feel dissatisfied , and they wonld be very few , or incapable of mauaging , what would be more desirable than that saeh person should have the power of transfering his allotment to a person who would proverhis fitness in part by his willingness to give a premium lor the pos sesacn . I will suppose another case . Suppose an ^ eeopant to have a brother in very good business , business which he would prefer to twenty or thirty
acres of land , and to which he was to succeed after his brother ' s death ; now if . there was no power of transfer , that man would be placed in a false position , while , if our rules permitted him or anybody t ' . ~ e to transfer before possession taken , lease had , and the larger portion of " the £ 15 capital expended , it might be made a mere jobbing concern . In no case should an occupant be permitted to let for an increased rent , and what he did receive should be ah'fivs in the shape of money bonus .
It is very necessary to be particular and explicit up n this head . F . rstly , to prevent all chances ofjobbirir , and , secondly , to prevent all chances of coercion or injustice . It must be a hsavy blow and great discouragement to the discontented to fiud as much ass £ - offered lor the preference of a four acre farm , anil £ 20 for a two acre farm . A great many persons are sow beginning to write very earnestly upon the subject of small farms , and thccapability of the land , siid by some magic or other which I cannot rightly vnJei stand , tLey are actually using my hacknied T > or < 3 = as novelties , and my arguments as confirmatory
of a sreat principle . I do declare that I have not seen one single argument used by these new disciples to agriculture that 1 have not repeated jtimes out of number . 1 have heard no more upon the subject of sq alters > inee I dispersed that tribe of political eo'iiomists , but now { a new { tribe of philanthropists have sprung into existence , whose solicitude for the occupants is unbounded—tkey ask how a man is to pay his rent of £ 5 for a cottage and two acres of land and to live ? I am i&t sorry for the creation of this new pigmy , an 1 mark how easilv I shall demolish it . In the
rsoaths of November , December , January , and Febnr . r y , there are rather more than a hundred working days , which cannot with profit be applied to agricultural purposes ; for , as I have before observed , it was intended that man , like the ant , should lay up a sl :-re in summer to live in idleness upon during the winter months . It is injurious to land to meddle with it during those fonr months , when , in fact , it shou'd be put to bed , trenched up for the winter . I will then suppose the occupant to belong to any trade , shoemaker , tailor , weaver , basket-maker , joiner , blacksmith , glazier , or any trade at which he can work at home on speculation , or work about home for
hire . Now , it is not too much to « ay , that men workin ; in this fashion will earn as much as the a ^ ricultars ! serfs—that is , twelve shillings a week , that i ? . two shillings a day , or £ 10 for the hundred days that conld not he otherwise than injuriously employed in rsrJeultural business . Now £ 10 is the rent of a fonr £ . cre allotment , and double the rent of a twosrre allotment ; so that at that moderate wages , we find that the occupant of fonr acres could earn his wliole rent , and have the produce to eat and wear , wiich twenty individuals could not possibly manage to du . An occupant of two acres would have earned £ 5 above his rent , and would have the whole
produce of his two acres to eat and wear . My readers will take this explanation net as my view , hut as an answer to the tribe of anti-rent anticipators . My view is , that no man with any acre of ground would ever or need ever , work for an Cluster but himself . I will suppose a man devoting l ! s evenings during those four winter months to any ft'dling work , assisted by lib family , and he must make ; u-re money than would pay those rents . See tbe several works that may be performed , and best performed , at home . A little work , entitled " The
People , " by the author of " Priests , "Women , and Famines , ' has just made its appearance , and it s-peaks 50 Lome to the heart up 9 n the pride that all m- ? n have in possessing the smallest portion of groun 1 , and in being their own masters , that I am eLga ; ed in selecting copious extracts from it to lay l *! ore yoa . It is a most valuable and a most iutextating work . Its price is only Is . 4 d ., and every L'uid locality should subscribe and buy it , and read it out It b only 163 pages , and will amply pay for tile perusal .
Tin-re seems to exist some difference of opinion btiwen the Mauehester members as to the Jocalitv wliere purchases should be made . Some prefer being sear the labour market , where the surplus labour maybe sold , while others , lam happy to say , expr ? es a decided . prefcrence for being out of sight of tlie l * ng chimneys . One of my original oljccts in wi ^ liin ^ to see sections established in the neighbourhoid of large towns , was the Muence they may have upon men comsdled to work in the slave market ; sen who would be within easy walk of the free labi' ! ir field , and men with whom and whose families
tae free labourers and their families mighc be profitably compared ; and I have no doubt that an operative , with a wife and five children , carnally carniB * thirty thiUings a week , would very speedily discover the inferiority of his condition when compared with that of a man cultivating two acres , and paying the rent to the day . I will suppose such a thing possible as a man being backward with Lis rent . I will suppose it te occur even to the amount of 5 per cer . t . amongst the two-acre occupants , snd I will suppose the almost impossibility of its occurring to that extent through sickness or casualties against which
tae sufferers could not provide . See the easy remedv . Oi :--and-thrcepence per quarter from each of a hundred members , contrived to a casual fund , would make £ 25 a year , which wonld pay the rent for five per cent , of defaulters . I am almost angry with myself for supposing nut only an improbability but actually an impossibility ; aud when I do write in this strain , 1 mean it rather as an answer to thecroklieimo . ni . ers t an as indicative of my ow » apprehensions . 1 would wager my existence that out of C . 00 O men be'tuging to a section , ten would not be found to part with tlii-ir shares , and one would not be a defaulter iu tlie course of ten years . I never knew a man with
a house small enough , and 1 never kjiew a man who lived a iiareiy agricultural life with ; ui amount of land sufriciemly small—not that you are going to tove small houses , you shall have good ones comfortable ones , built of the best brick where stones are not to be had , cemented with a thick coat of Ciment outside , slated , leaded and z : Db gutters on fte eaves to kcepoif the dripping , floors raised a fuot abr , ve t'ie level of the ground , and iron brick intvocueed wherever necessary lo keep off the da- p ; in fact , a house fit Tor a freeman and his famil y w live ic , a house that a monarch may Jouk upon with P «< k . 1 received a letter from a friend of mine , staling tiiat he had vitileJ five acres of laud near
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Ashbourn , for which the tenant pays £ 3 an acre . He is lame in the hip , and has a short leg ; his son helps him ; he received at a very low price for onions over £ 9 for the produce of an eighth of an acre , or at the rate of about £ 75 per aere . His land is up a great steep from his house , and his caw works two hours a day kindly drawing manure and other stuff up the hill , and gives the more milk for it . He told my friend that he never yet met a man who understood ASuOOUra . tor Whinli tllf > tpnnntn . ira «•! nn n > .. « TJ »
th « capability of one acre of ground . He is old and feeble , and my friend is , perhaps , without exception , the most real philanthropist , and , without comparison , the kindest hearted man in this world , with the most comprehensive but unsophisticated mind , and the interview ended with the eng agement of the old man to undertake the management of 110 acres of ground , and ha is now , thanks to my friend , comfortably housed and adequately provided for , for the remainder of his life .
I am not at all opposed to the four acre system ; on the contrary , I like it , because the proprietors will constitute a good class of masters for a large number of agricultural labourers . About the 10 th of May we commence operations , and I shall be happy to receive an order as soon as there is sufficient stuff to feed them for a supply of the small black Galloway cows from Dumfriesshire without horns—the easiest fed , the most domestic , the most hardy , and the best milkers in the world , aud I shall be most happy iu proper season to see a cart to every one of their tails , or , when occasion requires , to see two of them in a light iron plough , trenching ground or
harrowing it , or drawing a light roller . I will cheerfully goto Dumfries myself to select them . Next week it is my intention to inspect a farax of over 400 acres , of which immediate possession may be had and in speaking of the purchase of land , I wish to have it distinctly understood , that there . is no use in sending me advertisements of land to be sold in the possession of tenants WHOSE LEASE WILL EXPIRE IN 18 i 7-i 3-49 ; what we require is land of which we may have immediate possession , and ,
curious to say , notwithstanding the anticipated difficulty of finding land to be sold , there is now in the market to be sold , within tbe next month , more than would fetch ten millions of money . I wish to have a general understanding with the members upon this subject . Suppose an estate in every oilier way suited to onr purpose 13 offered for sale , is it absolutely necessary that we should forego the purchase , and confine onrselves within a manufacturing district ? if not , we shall very speedily be in a position to locate from 150 to 200 members .
I now submit for your perusal a few letters that I have received with reference to transfers , and I cannot too earnestly ur » c upon those who have been the first fortunate candidates the folly of accepting any offer , ever so fluttering , when they should be in & situation to accept it . My convictions are bo confirmed in the certain success of the project , that I wouid look upon the man who would relinquish his claim as an absolute fool . Sir , —I want to rent and get possession of a Small Farm system of from three to two acres . Having pnxehasedMr . O'Connor ' s Small Farms , " and as it appears that there is a dispute at Manchester , perhaps that dispute , by my purchasing the party interest I may have this allotment , and if I cannot do this perhaps you will he good enough to say how lean get it , and how soon , and in "hat waxl am to act to do so .
I irrete about a fortnight ago , but , strange to say , my application was not noticed although I purchase the Northern Star every week . Yours obsdientlv , A constant purchaser and a subscriber to the Land Association . I don ' t care if it is atXorwich , Leeds , Glasgow , Aberdeen' Birmingham , Coventry . Oldham , Reading or anywhere in fact , so that I get the farm three or two acres . " If I advertise in the Abrtftem Sterfor the allotment do you think I should gat ' one , of course , offering £ 10 to £ 20 for the lease . Limehouse , April 21 jt .
are , —Being so circumstanced at the present tiuw . that it would be to me a very great advantage to be able to go on tlie first allotment in the Land Association , I make the following offer to any person inclined to accept it : —I will gVre twenry pounds aud transfer my interest as a member of the Chartist Land Association in the 2 nd section for feur acres , with the whole amount of the subscriptions paid up , to any one of those who have got a four acre allotment ( and after the same rate for two or three acre allotment ) and may be so situate that it is not convenient for them to occupy it immediately . Beins a practical
azricultnrist I feel confident that your Laud scheme , when carried out , will be the greatest boon ever conferred on the working classes of this country , and wishing it all the success it deserves , I remain , yours respectfully . To T . Wheeler , Sec . E . Q . If an ; person should think proper to accept this offer a letter , pre-paid , addressed to R . Q ., to be left at Brunswick-hall , Rope Makers ' -fields , Limehouee , near London , will be attended to . 1 should feel obliged if you could fiud a place for this in your paper .
I hope I have said enough to spare applicants the trouble of making further proposals , and to convince all who shall gain prizes , of the absolute lolly of being tempted to sell their preference , becanse it should be understood distinctly that when the first location is established the operations will go on more speedily than any the most sanguine can imagine . I shall not announce my intention of inspecting lands to be sold until the purchase is concluded , because I am aware that any apparent anxiety on my part to purchase any particular estate might enhance its value in the estimation of the proprietor , and cause it to cost the society more money . 1 am delighted to
know that preference is given to mortgaging ratlier than selling the several estates , because I feel as well assured as I am of my existcuce that in less than three years every occupant will be in a condition to purchase his holding for . ever . There are , even amongst the firstsectlon , some who would now purchase , and many who will expend a considerable amount upon adding to their own buildings , a circumstance which will considerably enhance the value of the society ' s property , while it will not abstract a farthing from tho property of him who expends it . I cannot be too particular in keeping the all-absorbing value of the system before your eyes— THE
VALLE OF CO-OI'ERATIOX . It consists iu buying land in the wholesale market , discharged from the law of pninogcniture , of settlement , and entail , and of leasing it in the retail market at the wholesale price ; in establishing a wages standard in the freo labour market below which those who remain in the artificial market need not work unless they are willing ; in constituting a very laigc class of fustian coated landlords , who will be their own masters , and good , tender / considerate masters to those whom they employ . It consists in the fact , that if any one individual was anxious to take two , three ,
or four acres with a jrocd house , and £ 15 , £ 22 103 ., or £ 30 capital to begin with , that there is no market in the world savcoure for the speculator to enter . It consists in the fact , that if one or two should be able to purchase or vent small allotments , that they cannot go to the expense of having the proprietors title inre-ti-jated , and they may consequently buy or rent a " pig in a poke , " and after Laving expended their capital and labour the law mky step in and tell them that they were fools to purchase firm the WRONG OWNER , and that they must walk out foi their folly , while by co-operation we are enabled to instigate the whole title for all .
Agam , assuring you , my dear friends , that 1 anxiously pant fur an opportunity of showing you a practival Illustration of the value " of our undertaking , and that 1 am determined not to recognise the lucaiiin- of the term IMPOSSIBILITY in canyins it out , bceau . se every thing is p , : S 3 ib ] e wllore t ] iere fs asu ^ ent amount ol ener gy to overcome apparent obstacles , I remain Your ever jfaithful Aud affectionate Friend , F £ AKGl-S O'Co . NXOli .
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STRIKES IN BIRMINGHAM , LEEDS , AND ABERDEEN . We find the following notices of strikes in the country papers of which no notice has been sent to us by the trades themselves : —Bricklayers Strike at Birmingham . The strike among the men employed in the building trade iu this town still continues , and without . any prospect of a satisfactory settlement . the journeymen painters at Leeds have struck for an advance of wages . Tlie men now require that 2 i * . shall be the minimum weekly wages . Tlie Aberdeen carpenters and t heir employers-cannot a-rce . The men having their union to " support them " stand up for their demands—the masters on the other hand , are resolved to employ none who belong to the union . South Shields . —A general meeting of the workin- men ot this place waa holden on Monday
evening , to take into consideration the case of the buildin ? trades in Manchester , Liverpool , ami Birkenliead , Mr . John Breyson Smith in the cluiir . The < : uainnau , atterexp ! ainin < r the nature of the turn-out , introduced Mr . William Giifillan , joiner , who , after reading some extracts from the Star proposed the following resolution : —" That this meeting deeply sympathises with tho men of Manchester , Liverpool , and Birkenhead , and express their indignation at the tyranny of tluir emp l oyers in refusing to employ any but such . 13 are willin" to throw aside their munlini . ' t ! and become their abject slaves . This nieetinj ; also a ^ ree to use their best exertions to obtain funds to support them till such time as their tyrants arc ! r : ight to reason . " Air . Gorge Young , joiner , seconded the resolution , which was unanimously car-
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ried : Mr . George Ellat , joiner , proposed , and Mr . Mark Brown seconded , the following : — "That a committee be formed of one from each of the several shops , with power to add to their numbers ; and that the . amount collected be sent weekly to the Central committee . " A comiuitteo of twelve was then appointed . .
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FURTHER ACCOUNTS . -CLONMEL IN A STATE OF SIEGE . THE TAMINE . -OUTBREAK IN CLONMEL . The following alarming accounts are - contained in the Mot i" Olonmcl , Monday , April 13 th ( 12 o ' clock ) . , ' 1 write this labouring under the mo 3 t ilreadful anxiety p i mind . The town 13 in an awfut ^ -fearful state of excitement . Just now the main-street is lined with military , and the people infuriated : one hundred and twenty cart loads of flour came in just now , escorted by the military and police . Mr . Ryan was hissed and hooted by the people , who erwtled the streets in great numbers- The conduct of the military and . police is beyond all praise ; they know
the disagreeable duty they have to perform , and they do it witMhe ' best grace . " Mrs . Shannon ' s mill at Abbey has just been broken open iind the flour taken' off . The Artillery and Dragoons , under tho command of W . II . Riall , Esq ., ami Col . Phipps , have gone out . I know not what will be the result . May God help the destitute , starving wretches ! They see no attempt made to provide them with food or employment . Deathdeath from starvation staving them in the face , and the fond leaving tho country before their eyes . I tremble for the result . Hitherto , their patience and fortitude were most exemplary ; but now—now finding that there is no immediate hope of work for them , they are driven by lnm » er to desperation . "
" I am scarcely able to convey to you the terrific proceedings of' this eventful day . The town is in a ssatc of siege : whilst I write the main street is full of horse , foot artillary , and ordnance—fifty of us have been sworn in as special constables . Every baker ' s shop in the town has been attacked and ransacked . Tubberaheena Mills have also suffered , and thirty tons of flour taken . The police were attacked , and several of tliem knocked down , cut , and wounded . Mr . Riall , Mr . More , Major Shaw , Hie . Wm . Ryan , and Captain Osborne , magistrate ? , are doing all that men can do , under the frightful circumstances . The military , police , and magistrates , are deserving ot every praise for their merciful conduct . The people ure savage—their countenance . ? bear in vivid colours tlie impress of hunger . Mnjor Galway , cominaiulin » officer of the garrison , is the most humane gentleman I ever knew . Officers and men are bevond all
pra . " Any language that I could make use of would fall far short of the actual state of things here . If the people do not get food , hlood will flow in'torrents ; and on whose heads will that blood fall?—who are to answer for it ? ; "The shops are all closed , and business totally suspended . The mills were attacked at breakfast l . our nn this morning — the belis rang , and tho authorities were on the spot . Nothing serious occurred .
( FKOM AXOTUKR COltRKSrOXDENT OP THE PILOT . ) " A lar « e body of people proceeded to Hughea ' s mill , which I believe was quite unprotected by police or military . They were followed by Capt « in Osborne —they told him they must have work or food , as they were actually starving . Captain Osborne pledged himself that they should have work to-morrow and a dinner to-day , upon which they quietly etired . The poor creatures in genera ! show great forbearance under their sufferings But what is the government at ? We see a supply of bullets—but where is the bread ?" Tiik Famine—Insurrection—Plunder ! — If the ollowing , from a respectable correspondent , descriptive ol" a scene that took place in Tipperary , on Mmday , bring not the government to a sense of their duty , we don ' t know whatVill : —
" Tipperary , Monday evening . " This town presented a picture of anarchy aiv ! confusion this day , which it is to be apprehended , will lead to frightful consequences .. . . " A drity , laden with flour , was seized in the centre of the town by the starving people , and , desp ite of the police , the greater portion carried oil " . The police acted with great forbearance , as in their efforts to protect the flour they were pelted with -stones and other missiles , and the chief constable , Mr . E ^ an , much injured . The army were immediately called out , and peace for the present is restored .
" 1 Ins state of things has been produced by the shameless , and 1 would say heartless , apathy of our neighbouring gentry and absentee landlords , as the only names on our list of the subscriptions about being raised , is James Scully , Esq ., that excellent and humane magistrate , who came forward and laid down 307 . It was expeeted that our Protestant rector would at least subscribe a sum equal to our worthy vicar , when 1 tell you that his income from tinparish is ovtr one thousand pounds per year , besides fifty thousand pounds in the funds ; but he thought 2 < K . a verv large sum to subscribe .
" 1 lie destitution here is much increased by tinprice of fuel , ten shillings being the price ot a small load of turf , which is retailed to the poor at one halfpenny the sod . The patience an < l forbearance ot the starving people is wonderful under such privations , ami no efforts made to procure employment for them . "—Limerick . Reporter .
FOOD RIOTS IN CARRICK-ON-SUIR . Carrick-on-Suiu , Thursday . —Nothwithst&ndim : the subscriptions of the highly respected parish priest and several of the gentry , including T . E . Lalor , Esq ., Cregc-house , and the clergy of the town , the greatest disorder prevailed here yesterday , and tho utmost consternation was experienced by all persons in consequence of a tumultuous crowd ^ oing abou t attacking bakers' shops , and committing depredations on flour and on corn stores , &c . It is certain
that there is great destitution here , and very little employment , whilst the markets arc excessively high for all kinds of provi-ions . Happily no very eerious injury was inflicted , though much evil was apprehended from tlie violence of the starving multitude . Owing to the persuasions of the cleiry , and some of the influential inhabitants , what might have been serious in its results , has stimulated the increased vigour of the more wealthy of all classes and persuasions to set tlie people at work immediately , and yiv « them food at a reasonable price .
MOHB ritOVISION UIOTS . The Tipperary Free Press of last night announces the breaking out on Thursday evening of further riots at a place called Kilsheel . nn and Fetliard . Tlie accounts , which are very brief , say"The bouts coming up from Waterford were attacked at lulalieelan on this day by a numerous band of men , women , and children , and th < : miscellaneous goods with which they were laden carried off in all directions . Informations being received , the military and police were immediately on the spot ; a considerable quantity of wheat belonging to Messrs . Hughes waa recovered , and I ' d p : rsons made prisoners . It was a most barefaced robbery , as the articles taken were in a raw state . The stipendarv magistrate , Major Shaw , had a narrow escape ; iiis horse having taken fright , jumped into the river with him and swam a considerable distance .
"I ' ktiiard , Thursday . —There waa a rising here to-day , and Mr . Harvey ' s store attacked , from which three sacks of flour were taken ; the mob attacked Mrs . Wilson s store , but were repulsed . They were finally dispersed through the praiseworthy exertions of tlm parish priest , the Archdeacon llaff . in , and quiet restored . The Droghcda Conservative severely censures that portion of the press which denies ciie existence ot more than ordinary distress in thu countrv ; anil
asks—How can any man with Os . or even 7 s . per werk —and there arc hundreds of labouring meii working for 8 d . per day—get a sufficiency or food ? Potatoes in this town aro 8 d . per stone—they arts now considered a luxury by the poor . O . Umeal is on tlm advance , and the purcnasing of ft few stone would ex » haustiill Ims wages ; then there is rent , which is exacted weekly , with additional rigour , for the landlord dreads tlie famine prices as much as the poor labouring tenant . AVe arc glibly informed , that there never was innr « fond in tlie countrv—more corn in
store ! It is of this that vve complain—that in the midst of plenty , so much distress should exist in this unfortunate country . The staple food of the Irish ( potatoes ) has failed , and the low rate of wages paid the li . bouring classes precludes them fn-m obtaining a sulliciuncy nfbroad or other food . Oatmeal , Indian corn , itc are on the advance ; tho prospect beforo the poor is getting more gloomy , three long month * must intervene before the new jiotatoe crop can enuio into the market ; and in the name of an all-wise Providence , are the poor to be allowed to suffer all tho ncniimilati-g linnors of privation ?"
In thft mean time large supplies of Indian corn and meal continue to arrive at the Irish ports . The Cork papers announce the arrival in that port on Friday of the American packet ship Camvlia , register 1 , 090
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tons , with a cargo ( about 25 , 000 bushels ! of T . 1 . IU 11 con ,, and 10 , 000 barrels of meal . mS alone is « that seems to be required to render Se 0 JaL S ^ S ^ rfGw «^* ~ EMIGRATION . The Water / ml Chronicle 0 ? Monday gives returns or the number ot passengers in the vessels which have MUhat port for America ; by which it appears that 2 , 11 . 3 persww have already emigrated , and that several emigrant ships have not yet sailed . In addition to tins , toree large vessels have sailed from Ross containing , it » supposed , between the three some 800 persons .
Destitutiox is- Irklaiw . —On Monday two papers were issued 113 Parliamentary documents ( havini : been presented to the Legislature \> y command f showin g the progress of destitution in Ireland in the o i f . "fM " l l ^ of JVIarcll > ilIul !» tlie week ending tbe 4 th of April inet . The first document as reference to daily applications , and the second to he applications for relief made in the course of the week , i rightful pictures- of want appear in the weekly paper The correspondents from th « rariou * haronie * and parishes were , of course , excited in their communications ; tm > y felt that want iind death snrroundwl them , and they looked to the mercy thev T& ur n ™ fi il ? ° ^ 1 1 M 1 ; Iwnw their application to Dublin Castle lortimety succour ; their 8 tro »« expression , and- the generous- warmth of feelin" Ihi'v
manifested hi their appeals . No . ' dmil ) t the ai . nJien " - tionshave been considered , and provision supplied in tlie moat urgent cases . It would seem that . . ubscriptionshad commenced , that the > i ; w mentioned !> v Government had been nctedi upon , ami that fiuwls wero in the course of collection . It is to be hoped that such subscriptions have jntire . Tse ( l ii » A that tho-e persons who can depict the beauties of the country will not forget the fact that human ; croatm'ea are in a state of actual want . There is aueh a thin * as giving and making the giver rich . The . teemmU in the weekly paper were from Ulster and Minister , iiiere were tour applications , from Ulster . In one of the cases the complaint of s .-areity to die Scarcity Ummi&sion ( as it is termed ) was couched in tho thi
. t * , / v-wviivil 111 IJltJ lUl ™ owing expressions : — "That hundred * of families Uavo not provision sufficient for one day and niiiiiy others have not provisions for one month : lvmicti that . Government will send a supply of Indian meal to the district . " In the province of Minister tbe dotails ^ ot the several cases ' extend to twelve pag-s Ihe nrst case is thus set forth : — " Hundreds of people are at this moment reduced to absolute destitution from the want of food and employment ; famine si ml us frightful consequences are a ' lready at tlnnr door . 4 . Several subscriptions have been raised but are inadequate to the demands of di .-f .-css . ' Calls upon the mercy of Government to interfere and send
down additional engineers before the evil is beyond cine . Requests Government will tf ive an order for a few tons of Indian meal to keep down market prices and save for seed the remnant of potatoes left " 1 here are not many instances jjiven in the document of the progress of disease in tlvj potatoes . In th » county of Wexford the rot was said to bit inakiii " rapid progress . At Arra n two justiei-s , in tlutir con " municatioiw , declared , that "throe hundred an-l forty individuals were utterly destitute , incapable of lab . ur ; they had not even fuel . " Timru are other accounts equally appalling . Perhaps some timely assistance would prevent the famine pestilencn from spreading to England .
Di . - M . ifj , April 20 . THE ritOVISIOX ltlOTS . Further details of the riots at Ivilsheelan , between the counties of Tipperarv and Waterford , a brief account of whinli is siven above furnished by a Clonmel paper ( tke Constitution ) , which reached Dublin this morniii ! , ' . They are as follow : " Every precaution that could by possibility be talten was adopted on Tuesday night by our magisiratea , Mr . VT . Kiall , . Mr . W . Ryan . M » ji . r Shaw , and Captain Smith , in order to prevent un attack on our town aud its vicinity . At eight o ' clocl : all the special constables met at the Butter Weigh-iiouse , wln-re the roll was called over by Mr . W . Itiall , and thu different watches told off for tbe night , The night passed away pMceably , but early on
Wednesdny moruing word was sent in , that a lecond attack was made on Tuberahsena mills , i-lnae to tho town . In a short timu a party of thu 1 st lUj-als and S 3 rd depot , under the command of Major GalUmay , accompanied b y W . lliall , Unjor Shaw , and our official » ub-inspeutorof police , Mr . Fosb ' erry . 3 o furious was tlie attack that one of the policeman was compelled to h ' re , but wo learn with , out effect . Throughout the entire of Wednesday the troops iu our gaxrison were msder arms , and the guard v / as continued in Uuucaii-srreet , near the banks . The different flour cuns were i-si-nrted into town by s ' trOHg parties of police ; and though no actual outbreak was at . tempted in the town , still the streets wero thronged with idle peraOH 3 , and the magistrates were to be seen consulting and passing to and fro , as if something violent was
Hiitiuipated . However , the iluy passed off quietly , and at niRlit the specl . il constables a- ; iiin took charge of the town , nndt'i- the superintendence of the local magistrates , but no violence was manifested . On Thursday morning , in consequence of information received by the magistrates thuy very prudently had cars stationed in the barracks for the prompt conveyance of the troops in case of ntccssity ; and subsequent proceeding * will sliowhow very judicious and prudunt their arrangements wrre . In a short time an express arrived in tmvu that an immense mob was plundering the boats at Kilshcelan , within four miles of this town , aud forthwith a party of the 38 rd got on the cars and proc- eded to the scene of outrage , together with a p » riy of the 1 st Koy . il Dragoons , under command of M-ijor Galloway . Sir . J . Bagwell , Mr . W . Kiall , Major Shaw , and sub-inspeetor Fosberry accompanied them * nd when within a short distance of the scene of plunder ,
word reached them that the robbery going on was most wcteusiw . Mr . Foaberrj and a mounted policeman imniedittelygnllopudon , and when they reached the spot , the scene which met their view is more easily imagined t ! i » n described . An immense multitude were plundering tlie boa-s ; a vast quantity of Indian corn , the property of Mr . Going , of Caher , was destroyed or made oft" with , and a quantity of wheat , the property of Mr . ' £ . Hughes , was also stnleii and destroyed . The military quickly cama up and a regular ungaiicmciit took place . Stones were 11 } ing in all directions , several soldiers were struck ; Mr . t ' osberry received a blovt of a stone in tlie leg , and it was not until souv : Cum-j had elapsed that this lawluss rabble was subdued , anil thirteeen of thorn taken prisoners and brought into our gnol . Nothing could exceed the coolness of our magistrates , officers , and soldiers during this rencontre , unA > t « j are happy to say that a portion of tha whfat wiis retaken .
bince the Ibri-goiiijf was in type , we have learned that 101 ) pigs , on their way from thefairofl ' etfard to Carrieknn-Suir , were swi 7 . Mil at 'I lu . nioy . briilge by the country people , and carried off towards tlie foot or Sliovnamun mountain . We have also been informed that a vast number of persons are still watchiiij fur tiie Iwits Indm with provisions , in die uelgliboiirhi . nd of KilsheeUn , where thu attack was madt . mi Thur .-i ! iiy , A letter from Carrick-on-Suir , of Friday ' s date says : — Yesterday tlu-ra was a meeting of magistrates , gentlemen , ami merchants , held in theTcmpi . Tiinve-haH of this
pliiei . ' , wlii'ii thu demands of ilie people of gutting lj . a day wages were yielded , mid this morning 200 men were set to work on the roads , under the direction of Captain Veelilc * , who has been in 'efati ^ uble in his exertions to forward the intentions of tho government and to direct the labour iu soni" useful channel , and accordingly , he hud selected the mails iu the vicinity of the town , which are in n wren-lied state , Trifiin , ? a « the increase of wages is , still I l . u . k on this concession as laying the ' oumlation fnv other demands , which you may rclv on will give rise to nther outbreaks , which it will not be in the power of the small military force stationed here to repivss .
The intelligence from the west lo-dny is of a very unfavourable character . In the district of Aimauli ' - ihiwn , in the county of Galway , ilistes is represented to prevail to a most alarming extent . One account says : — The people of the place have openly declared that if employment he not immediately given , they i-an no longer withstand the distress they are labouring under . A meeting of the gentry has been held , and a petition for relief forwarded to the Irish government . One of the resolutions adopted on the occasion thus describes the prospects of the poor as affected by the potatoe blight : —
Onr parish was remarkable for its great and abundai t crop of potatoes . It was tlie storehouse of the suninu-r supply to our neighbouring towns , anil we may say county . Hut unhappily in our richest soil and best ti'li < d mips the rot prevailed to the most awful extent , which leaves tin pauper , whoin other years wouldn't provisions on creiiit , nowdependenton a benign government , anda very limited benefaction of liis neighbours . MOW ! EVICTIONS . The following appears in the Athlone Seniinrf : — We regret to inform the public , that on Saturdav Ins
Mr . Cromie . accompanied by the siib-slu'i-iiYol thy ci . uiit ; . of Roseommon and a party of the Gth regiment , at pivsen ' t stationed in this garrison , took possession , under an hahcre , of some property belonging to Lord Kilmaine , ni Uridcswell , within four miles of this tewn . W « aiv sin . prised at this proceeding , taken in the name of I . i . ni Kii . maine , as it is not in unison with his lordship ' s coudui-t elsewhere . There was no occasion for a muster of lnili tfiry , as the behaviour of tlie people was remarkabl y quiet and exemplary , The family of one of the tenant ' s dispossessed had held their farm for nearly a eenturv .
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JiiK scAiicirr . - In' the ttfWfl ot'Siigo . at tins very moment . 'tW lii-0 'iurimj men and tlu-ir families are suffering want , {" consequence of the denrnm of provisions , and the ; - , ¦ jack pi employment . We aini 0 UJ : ce this appalling ; : ' . ; ' p w « u aonw and anguish , but it is better ii > " ..:. ' should be known at once . ' : , , «™ w r . i £ EK ov IllE -SiusxoN .--. The water £ ™ l « ut " ?? ' « 'able fa manufacturing L" 3 evec Limcrick awl Lough Allenamount ! i i iiiicuwinmiiw
" , . qq iinn , - """"' "wugu . wstriciwa .-ssi'i-jsa in Lngland and Scotland producing similar asency ; indeed in either of those countries such a ' power wisuld he of incalculable value . At Greem-ek we recollect a water-wheel , the chief lion of ihe place which the tourists pay sixpence to see , turned by a small stream brought no less than six miles aciO 3 » the country—supply in- ; a power equal to thirty steam engines of fitty horsepower ! Ytt even this Mr . Scott Russell assures us is obtained from an artificial
lake created in a place where formerly thvre were ewily slendir mountain rivulets . The internal etonywy of the milk ( litters in nothing from t ! : ose of GHasgoir , where steam is usi " . l . Yet , according to the-hest authorities , what is the dill ' avnie ? Each horae power with the wa-Crr-wheel costs £ 5 ( R od ., cachliorac power with ' atenm , £ 3 f } nummlh , leaving the eaorinouj proportion of £ ' 6 ' 0 in favour of water power . Then , in Lancashire , every available rivulet ; is also caught hold of , and the little current which passes by Boltosi and Manchester , J ) r . Kane som-.--what quaintly styles- ' - tin ; hardest worked stream itobably in tin-, work ) . " Wo witntssed the giant wonders performed hy these rival powers in ihia particular locality , and the economy of water power is quite aniiizinjf . In the little river before mentioned , tor instance , in » fall ofSOOMeet . no less tli .-tsi SUO are appropriated ts'the uses of mills . Now , tlie Shannon , { whose total biwin amounts to the prodigious area of 4
, » 44 square mites ) falls HT feet Irura hoimh Allen to liimeriek , the la « t fifteen miU : s tVom Kiilnloo preae » ti » g a difteresoe of level of not !« ss tli .-ui ninety- ' seven feet ! from returns of tin : mo .-t neuui-ate kind mmte by tlie commissioners-, tlie toinl continuous power above Killaloo calculated form Hie c ; n-hiiicre basin , h 4 . 717 horsepower , iha-t from liillaiou to-Laiuenek something ,-ibout , 350 horse power for everytoot of foil , niiiking for ujnety-seveu fed the immense luice ^ o * 38 . 950 hoise power , these added together giving a torce in uninterrupted action dny and night , at every moment , ol the year , i , f 33 . ( 567 horse power r Yut with tiw « . vci-p : iun i . t ' .-i f ..-w com mills alomjthe twjet of the river , thlvinv .- ilu .-ibie force eiintimied iay alter ila \ going to wjiste , piujenting a . MSijjiiiai- contrast lo tne other rivers n-e have mentioned , or even to the unpivtendin ; : little Bai ; n , ainongsc the iMmnne mountains in " the county of Down—the most beautiful fCimiuniseil river in ' lrela lid . —liubUx University Muivtzine .
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Massackk oi- Tin-: Crkw of inn Sun- Maky . —We regret lo slate thsit informal ' urn liii * at leiistu arrived amioimciiii ; tins wreck of tiii . s vi ssel . and the divudfui i ' ai'i of her crew , who sailed on a « ln ! in- expedition , about , tlnei : year * since t » Sydney , ilii-iire [ , ' , WouJl : » -k Islam !* . Tlti : nartimlny * are i > l > t ; iineil from a survivor , nnim-i * Vali-ntine—the i < n ! y oi . o—even of the crew having perished in tl . esliipwnrk , ami tl-eremamini ; tweiity-fcinht . were hocriWy m-is .-: ieral bv ill-: natives of Woudlark lsiaiuk ' The escape of VaLntine i . i most extraordinary . II ,. is now on hisway t .. EniilniiU , having beon n-. y .-nul by the i-re-. v of the bn » Tigres-s . _ I'Yom his s-taiemcn ' t , it appears that the voscul arrived at S . uhu ' . v in >> . juri ' ilwr " . j 81-3 , and procceiled in a few da \ s ' diieet -i . r lVwiflj .-irlc
islands , and iimil-IiciI them in tl :-. j moiuii uf i \ V venib-r , haviti" iiad favourable win . i . s ait the time , as Weil as remarkably liiii : weather . The L-ilv Anne and the bi-is ; Tign'ss . lie srv < , : ici . oii : j . ' . 'ij ) ied tin-in . Ti . ev cruised upon the mirih . wv .-it i-ine umil the 21 st of that month , when tiio wwui ; ei ' ehaiigi : tl , .- ; ; . ni , l ) ei (> i-e iweiveat night , an awful . itorm came on . ? - '¦ nspriin . - up at about nine from the westward : md ' afterwards veered round to the north-west with such . '' - •¦ lury as to destroy their small-boat , gnlley , bulwarks , &e ., and sweep away all on deck . The next morning matters were worse . At twelve o ' clock their main and nvzen-masts were carried away by the force of the hurricane , and at lour the ship struck on LoughiinVreef , where she became a total wreck .
Ihe crew took to the rigging , where they remained exposed nearly forty-eijjlit hours before the sea had sufficiently abated to enable them to construct a raft to gain the shore . In the meantime several of the crew , including the chiefmate , Mr . J . Settle , perished . On reaching the shore , several natives came down , and kindly treated them , by furnishi ; g cocoa-nuts and provisions , and afterwards conducted them to their village . The master , Captain Stein , on finding there was no chance of speaking with a ship , resolved to > uild a small vessel that would enable him and his men to proceed to sea . Accordingly , all hands were set to work to save as much of the wreck as possible , and in this they were fortunate . For nine months they enjoyed the utmost friendship with tha
natives and received a good supply of such provision * as the Island afforded . Suddenly , however , just after the launching of their newly-built scho > ner , and within a few days of their intended departure , they ( it was supposed in retaliation for some offence committed by one of the crew ) came down upon them and murdered Captain Stein and six of the men . llaving no provisions whatever on board , and being without water , the survivors endeavoured to treat with the natives ; the latter , however , resisted their rclanding , and they made for Woudlark Island , in a six-oared whale bwit , a journey which occupied firo days , during which they subsisted on sea birds and fish . Here they were kindly received , and remained
preparmsjlor a lengthened voyage , until some natives ot the Loughlin Island arrived , and apprised the chiefs of what had occurred there , when the natives rushed to the spot where they were encamped , and massacred the wliole of them . Valentine , who , it appears , was in an adjacent wood , escaped . The poor fellow endured the greatest privation , being compelled to make the wood his habitation for several weeks , llaving been the means of saving the life of a native , he contrived to makefile party awareofhis perilous condition , -who assisted him to > a distant part of the island , where the Tigress brig soon afterwards anchored to obtain water , on board of which he instantly found refuge .
English Abistockact . —Next in succession to these came the bastards of Charles II . as dukes , of whom the nation was saddled with six . Four of those whose decendants still hold that title , were the Dukes of liicliinund » St . Albans , Grafton , and Uuccleuch . Tlie Duke of ltiehmond was the son of his mistress , Barbara Yillitrs , made by him Duchess of Cleveland . This son was the produce of the most opim and profligate double adulteiy , Charles being married , and his mistress being the wife of one Charles Palmer , who w : is promoted to thn earldom of Casttemain , us the price of his wife ' s prostitution . St . Albans was the soh of tlie actress Null Gwynne ; Grafton , the son of Cliurles ' a French mistress , K-.-rouaille ; and Buceleuch was Charles ' s reputed son , the Duke of Monineuth , Monmouthhaving married theheires of Uuccleugh ,
and taken the name . The Duke of Moninouth was the son of one of Charles ' s earliust mistressi-s , one Li-. ey NY alters , who was abandoned by him , and died in destitution in France . Such was tlie loose diameter of thi * Lucy Walter * , that it was very doubtful that Charles , was the ftuher of Moninouth at all , but was confidently atiributi-d to a bruther of Al ^ u-iion Sidney . On such dubious and scandalous extraction : it tlie honours of our nobility ; such is the ilcsuuiu of the diiui' dukes ot * England . With thus :: stands tin ; Duke of Heimi ' mi . iles'cundi-d from a b : i-tvrilt .. filiiit Duke nf s > o : ii > -i' 4 "t ui , o > v ; ts ! i .: ! ieaded t . y E-iw : r-s IV . n . r hi gh iivnsi . si . Tisi-n i ' o I . v : j the Duke of l'urtlniid , ihe di-si-uiul . u !! w : WilM . usi Hi . ' * Dutch favourite , liriitini-k , whom he vnrii-i \ -i » ilh E : ^ - lish lands . Tlie Whiys whoi-limbed in . in Aii ...- ' .- tiu-t ; u ; , s
the lkdtords , Uuvoitf , and iiarllioronylis , wln . st victories , which gave them title , were nulliiivil liy tlu : in .-. \ i Lutch o £ * Xor . v ininisters ; ; iml Leats , the Dai » l > v ol' thusv tinu-s . who was impeuvliutl fur Iriliiry : md I'mbixzlvimMit . Of suiiii maturiuls are thu proimest ( Ifsix-n . lants of our piruriiirel Hud we room to ( , ' ' > through the whole history ofaristucratieal ureatio ' us , it uould \> n sent such a scene o !> , lU ' . ii-al wifkedat'ss and treason to the real intrresis ot tli « nation as would siamp the vhnractcr of this order with eternal infamy in » tt-ail of honour . In a former chapter we have sci-n that the boosted peers of Elizabeth will nut bear searching into . Tlu-y : irc cimoWed — wi : h an abuse of houest English Ifor systematic murdi-rj at thu 'ilium ' s conmumd . In ev . ry future reign the ulu .-t miuistrrial and state jobl > insr was .
the road to promotion ; the uK-st biirgwins wire thein-ica of sueh hdtiour . As we approach George lll . ' s reign , boroughs wi-ix- aol . I f r lillfs . Thu notorious Uubb Doddiu . itou , in W . il }> olc- 's time hail five or six to sill , and wasmade , for tho use of ih « -m , Lord Melcombe . But we need not refer hi-thiTtlr . ni to Dcbret ' s Peerage , where it stands confessed , that nearly the wholu of tho present nobility area fungus rm-e of George III . ' s time , created for the ilin-et mn-pasu of erushinjj the popular voice out of thft coiutittstiou . The Plan was begun in Queen Anne ' s ruga bv the Tories , wlio to acquire a majority ovi-v the Whigsin the Li-iMs , ] lvvailed on the fat anil ' foolish queen to create a dozen piers ; just as a baktr would make a dozen of biea . l to satisf y his hungry customer * . Thu example was followed whenever it was needful , till in . U-orge lll . ' s reign it nnived at full blown rankness . The book of the peerage itself confesses that of the 522 out 073 , the full number of piers , Slit were and
spiiv . . span new creations . The rest virtually so . t ' o cover the vile business of crowding so ninny nobles into the Legislature to outweigh popular iniluen ' ce , every pretence , however stale and far-letched , of a descent Torn some old title was dragged in , and the title , as it was called , wns restored ; If we go into claims of this iimnufactHie , we Income quite nin . m-d at the ingenuity "I heralds and politicians , by which u descent is made out j as , for instance , in those of the old baronies , the Dis Uoses , Le Despencer * , &e . The tifty-six nobles of Uli / aiiL'th is a most demolishing fact . If not fifty-six since that period , but the hundred have heroine extinct , it is clear iliac scarcely nbona-jlde noWe descent of Elizabeth ' s a&e exists . The olil nominal barons , we find , nre new crealions ; the Duke of Norfolk is not really of USS , but of WHO ; and the DuUe of Somerset is not of lai " , but oS 1750 . There Is not , we believe , a strict and unbrnkcii line of title which can come within live huadivd years of the Conquest . —JUanwdcn ' s History of tits Arislcomy .
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST TO OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY . Fihbsds , —We this week present you with the result of our first battotting for allocation wliieb we trust wiU give unirersal satisfaction : TJicre were eligible for the ballot , HS 7 inemben : of which 750 held one share , 58 » two shares , and 57 S one share and a half The proportion iB which the prizes were classified was-fire of three acres , thirteen of four acres , and seventeen of two acres-| 5 aS 3 B ! LttSas-S ^ sssi » £ sx ^ t £ z Minor C ? Soon * ^ T *"» wfflO W ™ w Oni i ^ icliolas-croft , Manchester , terTmn ?; S n ^ f n * - in the c 5 iair - Mancbi ^ terLomnutteeand theDirectors conducting the
basi-Fbakgus O'CosKon . Pniup M'Grath . Thomas Clark . cnrisiopiikr dotle . ti r .. ' i * Mamw WiiEKLER , Secretary . Ihe following is a correct list of theorder in which tne ballot was taken at Manchester . The number in tlie first column represents the ticket drawn ; in the second column , the number of certificate ; and the third , the order in which the occupants are entitled to choice : — FOUR ACRES—13 Prizes . David Watson , Edinburgh ... 10 ... 1067 10 C 8 ... 1 Thomas Smith , London ... 13 ... 177 178 ... Thomas Bond , Bevizes ... 7 ... 17 436 ... 3 Joseph Openshaw . Manchester 3 ... CS US 4
BarbaraVaughan , Sunderland 1 ... 84 a 858 ... 5 Thomas Meyrick , Worcester 4 ... 1477 1478 ... 6 Alfred Hague Crowther , Ashton 9 ... 249 uOti ... Martin Griffiths , Worcester ... 2 ... 2032 2033 ... 8 Tbomas Smith , Wigan 8 ... 217 380 ... 0 James Taylor . Mancneste" ... 0 ... 1085 1086 ... Joseph Mills , Ashton 11 ... 38 39 ... James Greenwood , Ilebden Bridge 12 ... 1529 1500 ... James Cole . Bradford 6 ... 127 320 ... 13 John Houghton , Derby ... . " 14
James Puns , London ... 15 William Hall , Carlisle . " '" . ,. ' . 10 William Cleg ; :, Manchester ... ... ... 17 Jeremiah Coghlan , London ... ... ... 18 lienjam . n Fox , do . ... ... ... 19 George Clarksou , Nottingham ... ... ... 20 Heury Uather , Brighten ... ... ... 21 John SWaway , Rouen ... ... ... , „ 22 William Crossley . Burnley ... ... ... 2 o Edward Scott , Pershore ... ... ... 24 — Plumb , Warwick ... ... ... ... 23 Thomas Houselev , Manchester ... ... .. . 2 C
TH 1 JEE ACRES-51 ' rua . William Oddy , Bradford ... 2 ... 13 « 155 ... 1 Isaac Jowett , do . ... 1 ... 2003 14 ... James Short , Bilston ... 4 ... 039 13 !) ... Benjamin Knott , Halifax ... 5 ... 203 G 1 C 3 ... 4 Geoige Riehurdson . Westminster 3 ... 1746 119 ... Daniel Barnes , Manchester , ... ... ... c Thenias Leach , Macclesfield ... ... ... 7 William Somerton , Pershore ... ... ... 8 William Birch , Stockport ... ... ... y Jame 3 Edwards , Leeds ... ... ... 10 Thomas Hejwood , Manchester ... ... .,. 11 James Tatteraali , Bacup ... ... .. 12
TWO ACRES—17 Prizes . Philip Ford , Wootton-under-E-ge 9 ... 772 > # - 1 Richard Eveso . i , Stockport 10 ... 1362 ... William Mann , Northampton 2 ... 48 !) ... 3 Henry Smith , Kfigbley ... 7 ... 1774 ... John Neil , Heywood U ... 1943 ... 5 Wiliiam Mitchell , Whittington and Cat ... 6 ... 7 G ... 6 George Mansfield , Bradford , ( Wilts ) 8 ... 510 ... George Hearou , Leeds ... 12 ... 854 ... J . ihu Firth . Bradford 5 ... 2010 .. . 9 Ralph Kerfoot , Rouen ... 15 ... 16 ... 10 John Wallwark , Ashton ... 13 ... 8 S 7 . 11
Johu Lambourne , Reading 4 ... 12 ( H > ... Charles Brown , Halifax ... 17 ... 120 ... George Ramsbottom , Ashton 16 ... 325 ... Michael Fitzsimon , Manchester 11 ... 1377 . " 15 John Westmoreland , London 1 ... 1503 ... lfi William Home , jun ., Pershore 3 ... 718 . 1 . 17 Charles Tawe » , New Radford ... ... ... 18 Thomas Heatou , WigaH ... ... ... la William Greenhow , Manchester ... ... ... 20 Richard Ormerod , Rouen ... ... ... 21 C . 'iarles Smith , Halifax ... ... ... 22 William Gilroy , South Shields ... ... " „ 23 William Suthers , Burnley ... ... ... 24 William Cordiugly , Bradford ... ... ... 23 Thomas Singleton , Preston ... ... ... 2 « Robert Side , iun .. Lambeth ... ... 97
Richaru Buckley , Manchester ... ... ... 28 John Draper , Upton-cum-Severu ' ... ... William Banburjr , Ashton ... ... ... 30 James Walton , Manchester ... ... ... 31 Edward Whiteaere , Bolton ... Joseph Royal ... ... ... . t- 33 Johu Small , London ... ... ... ... 34 Feabgcs O'CeusoE , Chairman . Thomas Maktih Wheeleb , Secretary .
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Cratrts' Fftitemfo*
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Ireland.
IRELAND .
To Ti1e Members Of Thfi Charti St Co-Operative Land Socieiy.- - -•
TO TI 1 E MEMBERS OF THfi CHARTI ST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIEiY .- - -
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VOL . X . NO . 441- LONDON , SATURDAY , 11511571846 . ~~ ~ ^ i ^ i ^^ T ^ ' ~ 7 T —r~— .-. |; ___ Five ahiiniiff , , »„ . s ; x ^ 1 ) 'Pttv nrr , » . . . _ -
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AMD NATIONAL TEABfiS' JOURNAL .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 25, 1846, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1364/page/1/
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