On this page
- Departments (3)
-
Text (17)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
RURAL AFFAIRS.
-
Untitled Article
-
BRITISH AND FOREIGN INSTITUTE.
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Thunder Storm in the North.—Man's memory
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
p * ¦ i ' — - sg-ggggsg— =-= ae THE MARRYING SCOUNDREL . Tkiai . ako Cosvictios of Mortixck . — At the Central Criminal Court mi Friusy . Joseph Mortimer , aged 33 , described as a labourer , was indicted for feloniously intermarry / uig Caroline Wright , on the 7 ili of June , 1815 , Ills wife Josephine Langhorne , teing then alive . JJo Counsel was engaged Sir the prosecution , and tlie prisoner who was undefended , pleaded noi uuilty . As soon as the indictment had been read , tile prisoni ? put In = » written jmpcr . rccjuestin . u his trial udiht be post . Mueduntilitlic ensuing siss ' iun , in order that lie ni > S
engage and instruct Cumsel for his defence , and also tnat hemiglitbe enabled tohnvrcrtain documents broug ht forward that would prove him to be a citizen of the Uuited States , a circumstance which led him to infer that the Court , on that ground , had not the p > wer to convict him Of an .. ffence commuted in this country ; and , again , that h- should have a completed wer to the charge , from * his circumstance , ' tliatan asreejne . it was drawn up in SBwY « rk between l . i . n aud Josephine Up borne , that mtherpwtv should Ik » t liberty to marry again , which by the lawa of the United States was . quivalent to a
divi-rce . „ . . ,. . . The Recorder said that , assuming all contained in the paper put in to be correct , it would be no answer , or would be of no service to the prisoner , a « he was proved to he a Brin > h subject and owing allegiance to her IMaj-stv , and eren could he prove himself to have been naturalised , and become a citizen of the Catted States , that would notcl .-ar liiin of an offence uoriimUted njaillSt flielaws of this country , where the oftVncedidKotliaveany refrionee to the international laws of the two countries . The certificates of the marriages wire then put in and prored , and the jury returned a verdict of Guilty . A&woai indictment , charging him with UlttrnWlTrj . ing on the 22 ad of June . 1814 , at St . Phillip ' * Chureh , Liverpool , with Mary Susannah Lovrjoj . A witness named Isabella Cave , who was present at the marriage , deposed to tbe prisoner being the man married toMissLovtjoy . Th-prisoner offered no defence , and die jury returned a verdict of Guilty .
The prisoner was then indicted for stealing a trunk , containing a quantity of wearing apparel the property of Miss Loyer . The facis proved in support were , in the early part of the present year the prosecutrix put an ad-TertUi'ment in the paper for a . situation as cook and iousckeeper , inanswer to which , she received a letter from the prisoner , who stated himself to be a New York merchant and a widotrer , and after a fciv family particulars expressed a wish to aee her , and he had no doubt but they would become mau and wife , The result of this was that she consented to become his wife , he having spoken largely of barrels of flour and variety of merchandise that was tfcen lying in bond at Liverpool , and thajtae present fluctuation of the corn market , resulting from the pending corn debate , was the reason he did not sell until it
• was settled , and that kept him short of money . She was induced to let him have some money . Before they could get married she was arrested by one of her creditors , but hearing she was about to get married set her fre » . She subsequently lived with the prisoner , visiting Paris and various places , he succeeding in drawing her of every firihiiig she possessed , and he finally abandoned her . taking with him the trunk . She heard nothing more of the prisoner until about six weeks ago , when having put an advertisementlike the first one , only with different initials and a difierent place of address , this was answered by the prisoth r . an appointment made by a friend of her " s , who knew him , and on being recognised , lie was taken into custody . On the police going to his lodiiogs at Cjrlsea , ifiss Lojer's trunk was found .
The pris .-ncr examined the witnesses , and in his defence said the things had partly been given him by prosecutrix nnd part he fiad bought her . 1 he Jury found him guilty . The Recorder in passing sentence characterised the Off-ncc as one of the basest nature , and said that comment to a inau so degraded as the prisoner would be useless ; for the larcency he should transport him for seven years , and reserve his judgment on the other indictments nut-1 a future day . Tt e nrisuiw 1-ftthe dock quite unconcerned . On lloniay Mortimer was again brought up to receive sentence upon the two convictions for bigamy .
Thelteorder , addressing the prisoner , said he thought it right to inform him that since ihe period of his conviction inquiries had been made , and information hsd been obtained which quite ronfirjied the original view entertained by the Court that his cue was one of the worstposabSnastpec ! , ami that in addition to the serious injury which he had inflicted upon those whom he had deceived by false and pn ; fei : ded murnages , he had greatly aggravated his offence by practising the utmost cruelty towards his victims . It had been ascertained that in addition to the cases of marriaire that hsd been proved against Km , a gentleman was in attendance upon the Court on tlie day on whis ' u he was tried , who was prepared to give him into custody upon the charge of having contracted 2 noll : er false marriage in Ireland , if he had been acquitted upon the charges then made against him . With to the of
xe ^ -ini case JHss Xiuvejoy , the young lady whom 16 had marrivd at Liverpool , he thought It rig ht to let the prisoner know -. hat the Court was in posEes < i- > u ot a letter written by a highly res ] cciable surgeon of that city , ¦ wlio was acquainted wiili ^\* the circumstaUOUS . Ofllia connection « ith her , and he stated , " one of bis unfortunate victims , . Miss J . ovtjoy , was fi « rseveral jears a patient of mini .-, and a mere confiding-, kind , or amiable creature nevi-r existed ; be / ore slit took the unfortunate step which , 3 have no hesitation in sajii . g , cousigmd her to an untimely grave , she mentioned the circumstance to me , and I advistd her strongly against the union , until she knew something mon o "her fu : n > e partner , but she , too soon ,
poor creatarf , gave way and became the victim ef the scoundr l ' s machinations . She had not been nitirritd twenty-four hours bifore she repent * d the irrevocable act most bitterly . In a frw days she again sent for me , as a ' confidential friend ;' as soon as she saw me she burst into t ^ ars and said , 'lam a murdered woman . He has taken everything I possess in the wurid from me , except the clothes iu which I stand , and to-day ( it was then afternionj I have not been allowed any thing to eat . ' The monster was in an adjuiHing tooin , and I went to remonstrate with him ; but he maintained a do-rged silence , and as I left the room I told him that it that woman died her Mood would bi-upou his head . "
The prisoner here dec ' areii he knew of no Sncll occurrence , a * d he "tilled to know who the party was that bad addressed tbe Court ? The Recorder sai-1 , the letter was written by Dr . Cripps , and every reliance was placed upon the contents , because - the -writer was ksiown to be a respectable person by some members « f the corporation of the City of London to whom lie iiad given veferenee . The prisoner said he knew nothing about it . The Recorder proceeded In addition to what he ha 4 jnst read , Dr . Cripps stated in his letttr , " 1 once more saw her un the day before they left England . She called on me , she said , for the purpose of' bidding me good bye forever . ' She again mentioned to me his brutal treatment , the details of which were s <> atrociously revolting that I
almost recoil uhe : i I think of them . I wished her , even at the tlevenih hour , to reconsider her determination of accompanying him to America , but she said that , although she believed she should nevtr rro « s the Atlantic alive , jet that she had cast htr lot with his , and it was her duty to submit . * "—( Tile reading of this sentence cau-etl a K re : i * sensation in the Court . ) The gentleman concluded his letter in the fol ' oning terms : — "I do solemnly declare that I couli ! most consrimitiously have accepted her cxpresdons of the conviction , that she could not recover as her dtiHj declaration . Th « - « e convictions were realised , and her husband ' s ol > j- ct eff .-cted . " The Recorder went on to address the prisoner , and said he knew that she did die on the passage , an < 1 that immediately afterwards he xetornc 1 to this country , and contracted another false
marriage . Fii = on < T . —I did get married again , my Lord , but I was leg illy divorced in Araerira . I know nothing- of Dr . Cripps . Pen and paper will say any thing . The Iti-curdvr said tin re was no reason to doubt the truth < . f the statement , and as to his story about beinjr divorced iu Amcrira . it am . - . uuted to nothing , for according to his o ^ ra showing , ihcrewas merely an agreement between himself and bis wife to separate , and this ciuld not by any possibility apply to the cafe of a British suJyccr proved to hare cvmuiitttd an offaace in tfiis country . The prisoner declared that he had not had a fair trial . II :: siid he could not have bui-n worse treated nmoitg the HuU ^ sitots . As to the p-r .-on whom he was acciisid of robtthiir , lie could have proved that she vi : is a persou of Tery bail rharacte-r .
The Recorder said lie was well aware that in addition to the Oilier injuries he had iulUctuil i : puu the unfortunate wonun with whom !« . had bn-Miu- mum eti-d , it hud leeii his constant endeavour fc > di .-j . tn . j- their character ; but he was bound to tell him ! h : tt even in Mil' case of a common street-walker , thv law would not permit them to be despoiled of their property , by such prarticcs as those « d > . jited by the prisoner . The Lr .-irned Rscordtr tliiu continued his address to the priso .-i . r . . ii . <] with much feeling and emphasis observed , t ! i ; il iiii'lcrall circuin-Etauccs bigamy was a must serious o ( i '< -ncc . l . ui this iv . is of a most atrocious character . He wa « - proven to have d' -spoiled the unfortunate Miss Lovojoy of cvcrvtluiij * slie possesstJ , and secretly had her dead bo
T ) een plunder of the worst description , and he appeared to Jiave married woman after noman with a view of depriving them of what little property they were possessetl of , and he could not help expressing an opinion that it was die worst case of this description that had ever been tro-ight before the notice of the Court in which they m-ie assembled . If the prisoner could show that any of the statements that had been made were iacorrect , or there were any circumstances that he mitht consider would produce a more favourable view of his case , he might app ly to the Secretary of State ; but he ( the Itecordrr ) felt that his duty to the puMic compelled him to pass upon him the full sentence of the law , which was that he be transported b : * youd the seas for the term of teven years upon each indictment—the second sentence < lseven years * transportation to commence at the expiraticnaf the first .
The senttnee of seven years' transportation that wapassed upon the prisoner on his conviction for robbing Jfiss Loyer , will , it appears , merge ou the present judgment , so that , in effect , the prisoner will only hav . ; to undergo a sentence of fourteen yean' transportation .
Untitled Article
' .. ' " BRUTAL OOTKAGE . At the Central Criminal Court on Monday . William Munfield was indicted for feloniously casting and throwing Elizabeth Pollen upon a certain jtone pavement , with in ? , nt to do her some bodily mjury dangerous to life , and "' Vi ^ circ umstances of this case will be fresh in the re . collection of our readers . The prisoner and tbe proseeu'rix cohabited together , and on the day in question it appeared tVat they were quarrelling , find the prisoner bea t the prosecutrix in a most cruel manner , and h « was
heard to say that he would throw her out of the window , and almost at the same instant the unfortunate woman was seen to fall from the window , and she was picked up in an insensible state , and covered with blood . She i-a ? tafcen to the hospital , where she remained for some t ' me in a most dangerous state ; but upon the magistrate taking her deposition , she , to the astonishment of every one , declared that she had thrown herself out of the window . The unfortunate woman was called as a witness , and she repeated this etatement , but from the manner in which she gave her evidence , it appeared nn evident that she was actuated by a desire to screen
the prisoner from the consequences of his brutality . The Recorder inquired whether a surgeon was in attendance to speak to the nature of the injury received by the prosecutrix!—The police-constable said that Mr . Burrell , the magistrate who committed the prisoner , eonsidnrea the evidense of a surgeon was unnecessary . The . Recorder said he was very much surprised that the magistrate had given such an opinion . The prisoner was charged with inflictinjr a bodily injury dangerous to life , and they had no evidence of a surgconto show the character of the injury .
Directions were then given that the constable should go to the hospital , and procure the attendance of tha surgeon , and in a short time he returned and stated that the gentleman who had attended upon the prosecutrix was gone out . and it was uncertain when be would return . In answer to further questions put by tbe Recorder , the constable stated that the prosecutrix was fonnd lying upon the ground , perfectly insensible , covered with blood , and a portion of her hair and some blond were also found on a brick upon which she had fallen . He also stated that she was three weeks in the hospital before she could bo removed .
The priioner , in hts defence , said that the woman < hnw herself out of the window , because he would not let her go out of the door . The Recorder , in summing up , said that it would have been more satisfactory to have had the evidence of a surgeon ; but still it would he a question for the jury , supposing they should consid « r the facts to be proved , whether they could entertain any reasonable doubt that the injurj inflicted was calculated to endanger the life of the proseoutrix . The jury returned a verdict of Guilty . The Recorder told the prisoner he had been convicted of a capital offence , and judgment of death would be recorded against him . The sentence of death would not , however , be carried out ; but , taking into consideration the brutal character of the offence , he should feel it his duty to recommend that he be transported for the term of his natural life .
Untitled Article
GREAT SKIFF RACE ON THE TYNE . —NEWELL v . CLASPER . Tbis match between the champion of the nsrth and Xcwell . a firat-ehsB London waterman , came off on Monday , on the Tyne . The amount at issue was 100 sore reigns a-side , and the distance to be performed about fire miles , being from Newcastle-bridge to Leamington . A great degree of interest bad been excited in the aquatic sporting circles , which increased as the time approached far the decision of tbe race . Both men enjojad a . very high character , Clasper having defeated the Thamei rratermea on their own river , Carrol on the Heriey , and Jafelr , Pocock on the Tyne . The present natch arose , if we wa are not mistaken , in consequence of the London men not hein" satisfied with Pocock ' s defeat , and they .
therefore , put forn-ard Newel ] , and proposed this match , which was nt once accepted . Newell arrived on Monday we ? k , with « eautiful skiff , made of cedar-woo& , by W « atzell and Cownden , of Lambeth , in model not unlike Clamper's , the improvements from the usual London skiffs having evidently been copied from it . The skiff was 30 ftetin length , 22 inches in breadth of beam , and 7 inches in the highest part ; ittva « covered in entirely at each end . and an oilskin is provided to fit round tbe rower , if required . Immediately on arriving at Newcastle , Newell launched his skiff , amidst cheers from the quovsidere , and proceeded to Scotswood , took up his quarters at the hotel kept there by Mr . Cox , and entered into training both on shore and afloat , attended by Coombes and a trainer . Clasper . meanwhile , took exercise on the river in his skifK that in which he contested with Pocock and
Carrol , but somewhat altered . It is 28 feet 2 inches in length , ' 22 inches in beam , and 6 incheB high at the bow , and 4 } inches aft , and is built of mahogany . Both boats have been minutely examined by competent judges , and it has been admitted that two finer craft of the kind were never seen , each skiff reflecting the greatest credit on tbe builder . The condition of the men also was good , though there was some disparity in weight , Newell weighinc lOst . 3 , 1 b ., wliile Clasper only weighs Ost . 51 b . During the latter part of last week several of Newell ' s friendB arrived from London , including Messrs . Parish , WentzeJl , < fcc , all of whom backed their champion freely . Nor were Claspi-r ' s friends more shy in this respect . At one time the batting was 6 to 4 on Newell , but as the time of
trial drew near the position of both became about equal . The interest felt in the event was manifest by the immense conc-ourse assembled to witness it . Never , perhaps , on any similar occasion , was there seen such a tsass of spectators . The Tyne bridge contained a dense crowd , standing in carts and other vehicles ; countless faces were seeing peeping through the balustrades , while the parapets were literally covered from end to end . The various quays , houses , and every other available place on -either side of the river , as far as the eye could reach , was equally well occupied . The river , too , bore thousands on its surface , in craft of every description . At the Itedheugh and Scotswood Road railway station , trains filled with passengers waited the arrival of tbe boats , and accompanied them as far as the Scotswood Bridge .
THE RACE . Soon after two o ' clock , the Ocean Bride steamer , containing the umpires and referee t &c , | took up its position at the south side of the river , near the piles driven for the High Level Bridge . At about 17 minutes before three o ' clock , Newell entered his skiff , from the stairs of the Queen ' s Head public house . In a few minutes after , Clasper embarked from a wherry , at Pipe wellgate , and on moving off was loudly cheered by his friends . Both men pulled through the bridge and down the quay , and after rowing a few minutes came to the post- They looked remarkably well , though Newell was considerably stronger than his opponent . After two false starts , tbe stroke fell even , and away they darted , and etroke after stroke , following in quick succession , swept them onwards amidst the shouts of the people , which reverberated with strange
effect from shore to shore . On reaching the Skinner sburn , the boats were abreast of each other , but , coming too close , unluckily "filed" oars , but in a moment they cleared , and continued their course . From tbis point to the Shot Tower the struggle was very severe , the boats being equally matched , and all evidently depending upon the stamina of the men . Clasper contrived to gain a slight advantage , but as they neared the Elswick Old Staith , Newell made good his gronnd ; a few strokes more and he succeeded in heading Clasper , and contiuued to improve his advantage . Clasper , nothing daunted , toiled manfully at his oar , but all his efforts to reach his adversary proved abortive , and the race from this point was seen virtually to be decided , for when they reached the
footoftho Meadows New ell was full three boats' length ahead . Along the Meadow they sped , passing in quick sncci-snion Paradise , Scotswood Bridge , and Bell's Close . Xewell ultimately won by half a minute , Newell having pulled the distance in 29 minutes , and Clasper 29 J—the computed distance between the boats being from SO to 100 yards . Perhaps one of the most remarkable features of the event was tbe intense interest displayed on Claspcr's behalf by the assembled thousands . Wherever , in the course of the race , he obtained an advantage , cheer followed cheer to urge him onwards . Soon , again , he fell behind , und s . b nee became universal . It is calculated that an cnorin&us sum will have been lost and won . The stakes will he paid over to Newell , without a dispute .
Untitled Article
EXECUTIONS IN IRELAND . The memorial forwarded to the Lotd Lieutenant some daj's since in favour of Hayes , Rice , nnd Fojjarty , havinir failed in its ol-jcct , the wretched men underwent— "the extreme penalty of the law "—at one o ' clock yesterday , in iroiit of . Nena « b gaol . Tli £ Tipperary Vindicator says : — At a very early hour the police , to the number of one hundred and fifty , were marched info Nenagli , neurly exhausted will ) the extreme beat of the diiy and the weigh ! of their knapsacks , carbines , « fcc . tiroups of countrj jieoplf , principally old women and children , gathered about ttiu nlace of execution . Thousands of men Hocked
iut-j the town , but tliey rensaintd about the streets , tew .. f them comparatively nppearing in the direction of the gaol , and those few the particular relatives and friends of the convicts . The convicts were greatly resigned . Since their return from Dublin they were constantly attended hy the Kev Air . Powtr and the Itev . Jlr . Bowles . They sjimt ihe entire of Thursday , and the greater part of the night and yesterday morning , in prayer . They assisted at mass yesterday morning , in the prison chapr 1 . and received communion , : tr . d reniiiincd in constant prnver till the fatal moment hod arrived wluu the suinmnns Of the sheriff reached them , We chould Jmvo
mentioned that very many respectable i ; imili . \ s removed from NimajrU during tbe day , in order to be absent from she disgusting influence of f Ji « feJl outrage , which aded like a spell on every mind , which prevented men engaging in tb . ir u ? u < il occupations , ami cnusid a universal involuiltary abandonm " t t'f l . ibmir f ; ir ami wide . As twelve oVioik approached a deaih-iike stillness pervaded the entire town Few stirred abroad except those who were prrsent in front of the scaffold . The sub-shciiff . Mr . G . ing srriveil about ft quarter after twelve o ' clock , and rvmniiird -. it Brun-Ur . v ' s Hotel till within a fuw minutes of une o ' clork , r . M . wlim Mr . Buck , the jiovu-nor of tingaol , united on him , inn ! ueuonipanied him to the prison . . 41 one o ' clock a body « f t ) i < - 7 Sd Hijfhlamlcrs were drawn lip in front of the prison , The struts were filled with
Untitled Article
the loud lamentations el some female relatives of the prisoner Hayes , who were present , as three coftins ; passed up towards the gaol some minutes before the unfortunate men ma'te their appearance in front of ihe scaffold . Thousands of persona from the pariah of Ballygibbon , Rapla , Ardcroney , < fcc , waited in the field ' s outside the town , in order to accompauy the funeral procession of Rice and Hayes , whilst thousands from Dunha ' rrow awaited the funeral of Fogarty . whose remains were conducted to that district . At ten minutes past two o ' clock , p . M , the unfortunate men made their appearance on the scaffold , accompanied by the clergymen above named . Their faces were covered with white caps , and ropes were about their necks , The executioner ( who , it was said , is the same that hanged Bryan Seery in MulHngflV ) made his appearance a few minutt-s before , for the purpose of adjusting the ropes , < tc . A thrill of indescribable horror pervaded the multitude ; but no expressions were usud by the people , who conducted themselves quietly , Those
who attended to hear a declaration from their lips were disappointed in their anticipations , as the unfortunuto men did not utter a syllable . They came out one after the other , Rice first , Fogarty and Hajes afterwards . Rice exclaimed , "Lord have mercy on us , " the llav . Mr . Power holding the crucifix before him . After standing a few seconds on the scaffold , supported by th « clergymen , tbe clergymen withdrew , after affectionately bidding them farewell , and in a few seconds they were launched into eternity . Their struggles were very brii'f , nor did they seem to suffer much . The assembled multitude for the greater part then withdrew , whilst the bodies remained suspended , a revolting spectacle in a Christian land , und it wag after three o'clock when they were cut down an < i deposited in the coffins prepared for them , and at halfpast three o ' clock they were conveyed to the residence of their reductive friends , w > ere they are to be waked this day , and interred to-morrow ( Sunday . ) The excite . ment among the people is intense .
Untitled Article
DISCOVERY IN LIVERPOOL , OF "WOMEN IN SAILOR'S ATTIRE-SINGULAR FRBAK ON THE PART OF X ^ O FJBMAMB SERVANTS FROM HULL . On ifondayvery considerable curiosity and interest were excited in the neighbourhood of Fenwick . street , in consequence of two femalejservants from Hull , Uavins been found dressed in sailor ' s attire , and having their gex discovered just as they were about to undergo an examination by a medical gentleman , preparatory to their going on board n man-of-war . The females who huu in thi % instance taken itinto their heads to ship as seamen in her Majesty ' s service , and who , but for their own confession , obtained from them under the circumstances mentioned , would have carried their intention into effect , are two very fine young women , the one 17 , and the other 18 years of age . Bflth are extremely well-looking , intelligent , and about the middle stature . They can read and write well , and upon the subject of their freak they were exceedingly communicative , but apparently very sorry that they had Been prevented from doing maritime
service . They are both the daughters of small farmers , and f heir parents are stiJl living . The name of the girl aged 18 i 3 Harriet Palmer . She was born at a place called Barton , in Lincolnshire , and is the eldest Of Six children . She has latterly been living as cook at the Blue Bell Inn , situate in the market place of that town , a situation she only held about amonth , and at the inn , she first assumed the male attire . The name of the other girl is Caroline Sarah Abbey . She was born in Yorkshire , and has thirteen brothers snd sisters . She went | to service at an early age , and after being in a variety of places , went to Hull , and was immediately engaged as bar-maid at the Blue Bell Inn in that town .
"We have now brought the parties together at the Blue Bell Inn , where , though previously strangers to each other , they speedily formed a strong attachment to each other , as they concocted their plans a fortnight after meeting together . Caroline seems to have first suggested to Harriet , that it would be a capital hit upon their parts if they left their placet , dressed themselves in sailors ' Clothes , went off to Liverpool , and shipped as apprentices or seamen , they cared not in what capacity , in whal vessel , or at what part of the world they might be bound . Harriet listened to the tale , and concurred heartily in the p lot . Their sweethearts were sailors , and had sent borne glorious accounts from distant lands of the scenes they had witnessed ; and the girls , inspired with a love of following their career , seem to have some idea floating in their minds that , b . v going to sea , they would sooner or later fall in with their friends abroad .
Acting , then , as tensors for each other , their beautiful locks and ringlets were cutoff , and having doffed their female attire , they put on that of the masculine sex , and , having paid 13 s . each for their fare , set off on Thursday by railway for Manchester . On reaching Manchester , their funds became so low that they were compelled to walk to Liverpool . On Thursday night they slept at Warrington , and at eleven o'clock on Friday morning , they arrived in Liverpool . They have ever since then boen constantly in the company of sailors , eating and drinking and sleeping in the same room with them . They applied at several shipping offices for situations , and the captain of one of the merchant vessels in the Prince ' s Dock offered to take Caroline on tonnl at once , but she refused to go , as she would be separated from Harriet . They
visited the Sailors' Home several times ; nnd at length u jounp man , whom they accidentally met , advised them to enter tl-emselves as apprentices on board a man-ofwar . ' They repaired with that view to the Naval Office , in Water-street , on Monday , morning , and the captain immediately accepted them , subject to the approval of the examining surgeon , Mr . Craig . The captain said they were strapping lads , and that they would answer admirably . On being taken to Mr . Craig ' s surgery , they took off their coats , vests , caps , and shoes , and then announced , to the surgeon's infinite astonishment , that they were not what they seemed to be , boys . They urged him strongly , however , to pass over that insuperable obstacle , and to let them serve her Majesty , but , of course , he was unable to comply with their request .
From the surgeon ' s they were taken to Mr . Dowlins ' s office , and subsequently to the parish office , where they received the kindest Ireaimtnt from Mr . Gray ami Mi ' , Rowlands , the overseers . They were lodged at a respectable howe ; and on Tuesday morning would be clothed once more in female attire , and will then be sent b : ck to Hull . 111 " - -- —
Untitled Article
Opening op the North Bhitish Railway : —I ^ atal Accidknt —On Thursday the communication by railway , between Edinburgh and Berwick-upon-Twefd . was formally opened . We regret , however , to mention , that a lampmaker , named Matthew Ilowett , was killed in returning by the first train , lie was passing al < ng the top of a carriage , when his skull was fractured by coming in contact with one of tiie bridges . He was conveyed to the infirmary , where he died yesterday .
Mtstbrioub Death of a Gentleman in a ITowsk or Ill-famb . —On Friday Mr . Carter , Coroner for Surrey , held an inquest at the Royal Oak , Granby Street . Waterloo Road , on the botly of a gentleman , at present unknown , whose death occurred under very mysterious circumstances : —Mary Price , a / ia * Smith , said that she resided at No . 19 , Granby Street , Waterloo Road , and was a single woman . On the 3 rd instant , she met the deceased at the Surrey Theatre . Since that period they had been cohabiting together , and last week they went to Grnvesend , where they remained a < lay and a night . They returned from Gravesend about a quarter before 9 at night , and the deceased sent witness ' s landl . idy for some ginger-beer and ale , of which they all drank .
He then borrowed 5 s . of witness's landlady , alleging that he had nothing smaller than a £ 5 note . She ( witness ) had seen the witness change two £ 5 notes , out of which he had paid £ 3 for rent , and had redeemed some articles in pledj-c for her . When on board the steam boat lie told her he had a £ 5 note in his possession : but , when his pockets were searched only three-halfpence were found therein . On . the night of Wednesday last , they went to the Grapes , Suffolk Street , to a concert . After they left they went to two public houses in the Waterloo Road , whore they had some giia-and-water . They then rcturned to witness ' s lod / jinea and went to bad . The following morning , about six o ' clock . lie asked witness if she was awake , and then stated that lie had a bad pain in the stomach . He got up and went into the yard , but returned again , and whilst he was taU injr off his trousers he appeared to faint . Witness bathed
his temples , but he did not recover . She , tkerefo e , sent for a surgeon , who pronounced life extinct . He had told her that became from Southampton , but he refused to state his name . Mr . Sewell , surgeon , of 39 , Lower Marsh , Lambeth , said that on his arrival at the house in Granby Street , he found deceased dead , lie bad since opened the body , and found that the lining of the stomach was completely destroyed . The contents of the stomach was of a dark colour , resembling coffee-grounds and blood . The intestines presented an inflammatory appearance The tongue was partially speckled , and pealed . The internal appearance was such as would arise from taking some corrosive substance . A bottle ( produced ) was found down the water-closet , and had contained oxalic acid . The inquiry , at this staye , was adjourned , to have the contents of the stomach analyzed , and to find out the friends of the deceased .
Sudden Deaths , supposed to hk from the Excessive Heat . —Two sudden deaths occurred in Winchester on Wednesday—generally su posed to have been caused through the excessive heat of the wesithur . A Mw . Wall , aged about CO wife of otic ot the lay-vicars or clerks of the cathedral , complained about twelve o ' clock of a slight hend-achr , ami of the powerful effect the heat had upon her wh ' iie preparing dinner : on the husband coming in from attendin g his duties at the cathedral at his customary hour of dinner-time , she named to him also she feffc faint and indisposed : alter taking a little water the pom- woman nearly faintod ; and before medical assistance could arrive , she expired . Within Jess than an hour afterwards , iVr . Fumiidge , landlord of the Bell and Crown , in Ihosame town , was similarly taken : he first complaining «» f the heat ; then an obstruction of the breath ; after which , btcouiiiii ; faint and weak , in Jess fJwu twenty minutes life was extinct .
Untitled Article
Murder bbau Fkomk— The fairy ;¦ formerly held at Mells has , for several years past , been removed to the village of Little Elm , near Frome , and wag accordingly held there on Tuesday Jasfc . when a dreadful murder was committed about ten at nignt , n one of toe booHis , Two men , named Williams and Wigean 8 , connected'with some horse-dealers who attended the fair , having had an alt ercation ; during flw day , it was renewed in the evening by Williams , who repeatedly challenged Wigfrans to fight ; some blows were exchanKed , when Williams having his victim under him on the ground , he , in the most savage manner , plunged a knife into his neck , which divided the jugular vein , and caused death in a few minutes . The murderer , Williams , after ¦ inflicting thc . fatii blow ran off , but was soon taken . A vei-diet ot Wilful Murder being returned aga ; nst hm he has since been committed to take his trial at the next sessions .
Conflagration near BitisioL .-Vf he utmost degree of cwnsternation and alarm was occasioned here on Saturday night by intelligence which was brought into the city , about ten o ' clock , that the extensive military barracks , now approaching towards completion at Horcfield , were on fire , and in danger of immediate destruction . The fire first broke out in a large building erected as a mill Tr sawing timber by machinery , and attached to which were an engine and engine-houBe . 'Ike flames spread with great activity , and in a very short space oftimetheerection was completely destroyed , together with the machinery and engine . A shop used b . v the carpenters next caugllt , and this was likewise reduced to ashes ,
as were tlu- sheds in which the workmen deposited their " > o ! s after work hours for security . Immediately adjacent to those erections were a large number of pih-s of deal and other timber , which , being wel seasoned readily cauvhynd soon presented a mass of brilliant flame , extending around the yard , and covering an area of hundreds of square yards , The efforts of the contractor , Mr . Buller , and of the engineer and firemen , were divided betwixt attempts to extin-« uish the already United materials , and to prevent the flames from extending to the more extensive and valuable buildings of the barracks . Fortunately the latter object was obtained , but it was hours after daylight before the violence of the conflagration could be so far subdued as to prevent further danger .
Suicide , induced bt Lote . — On Saturday night , Mr . VV . Payne held an inquest at tke Cathedral Coffee-house , St . Paul ' s Churchyard , on thebody of Mr . Samuel Butler , aged 23 , a chemist , of No . 4 , Cheap 8 ide , who committed suicide under the follow , ing melancholy circumstances : —Mr . Thomas Harding , partner of deceased , stated that about ten minutes past eleven on last Saturday morning the porter went up to his room to call him , but , receiving no answer , he returned , telling witness of the circumstance , who proceeded , followed by deceased's father to the apartment , and on forcing open the door , discovered him lying on the bed with a bottle by his side that had contained prussic acid . A
surgeon was ' called in , who pronounced him to be dead . Mr . James Creep , also attached to the firm , said the deceased was quite well at nine o ' clock , at which hour he breakfasted , but seemed much absorbed in meditation . Shortly before eleven he went up to his room for the purpose of changing his dress . It appeared by the evidence of deceased ' s father , that the unfortunate occurrence was induced by an apprehended disappointment in marriage , for although he had the entire concurrence of his parents , in conjunction with that of the friends of the voung lady to whom he was paying his addresses , he exhibited a morbid depression of spirits , and seemed to despair of ever obtaining the object of his affections . Verdict — " Temporary insanity . "
. Attempied Assassination in St . Giles —On Tuesday afternoon , between two and three o ' clock , great excitement prevailed in the neighbourhood of St . Giles , in consequence of a youpg man having been stabbed in Church lane , by a » iri of the town , well known by the name of " Bustle Bet . " living in that street . It appears that Martin Welch , the father of the unfortunate victim was in the habit ot collecting rents , &c ,, for Mr . Mason , the ownetf . f the house at which the occurrence took place . He had alao been cohabiting with the woman Bet , and at the time already alluded to , he repaired to the premises , under the pretence of getting in some money dae for rent , but for the real purpose of visiting the prisoner . His wife having heard of the circumstance , at once proceeded to tlie room , which is on the second floor front , and being refused admittance , she burst open the door , when she saw the prisoner and her
husband in bed . He immediately got up , and ran down stairs , when words ensued between her and the prisoner , who threatened to kill her . At this moment , John Welch , a lad about 18 , stepped forward to protect his mother , and the prisoner caught hold of a large table knife , and inflicted a dreadful wound in his breast . She then attempted to stab him in the abdomen , but having raissed her aim she struck him on the left leg just abovethe shinbone , an : l thus caused a wound of about an inch and a half in length , and an inch deep . The screams of murder had b . v this time attracted the attention of Police-constable 123 . who having secured the prisoner , the boy was conveyed to the University College hospital , where he remains in a very precarious condition . The prisoner , who is a young woman about twentythree years , was taken to the George-street police-station , and will be brought to Bow-street Police-court on Wednesday morning .
Steam Power . —Above one hundred thousand men were employed for twenty years in erecting the great pyramid of Egypt . From a compulation by M . Dupin , it uppers that the steam-engines of England would equal the whole product of this immense application of human labour , in lifting stones , within the short space of eighteen hours . At May . xooth , the improvements under the new parliamentary erant are surprising . Grand walks arc now to be seen , where a few months ago stagnant pools emitted their fetid smeli ; delph ware lias been substitute d far the " pewter platter , " by the inspectors , and the new wings are to be commenced next month . The exercise ground has been also improved ; the bad courts , &c , in excellent order . All the porters , < fec . of the college have livery now for the first time ,
The uost Impudent Robbery ow Record . —A lady went into a store in New York , a few days gince , to purchase a shawl . Just as she was handing the clerk two fifty dollar bills , sue received a blow in the face from a well-dressed person , who exclaimed , " 1 forbade you buying a shawl ! " and snatching the money from her hand evaporated . The lady fainted , and on recovering , the merchant expressed his surprise that her husband should htve acted so ungenilemanly , but his surprise was greatly increased when the lady informed him that it was not her husband , and tliat site had never seen him before ! The bold thief , however , made good his escape . —American Paper .
Pbogress of the Cholera . —It has been ^ confidently rumoured , in the best informed medical circles , that the labouis of the commission of sanatory inquiry will be rendered permanent by the appointment of a board of health , t > suggest and enforce precautionary measures against the dreaded visitation ol the asiatie cholera .
Untitled Article
Accounts from Ilollaud and Belgium state that the rye crop is in a very precarious state in both countries , the plant having changed its colour , and ripened before the seed was properly formed . This will be a great loss in those countries ivliere , as well as in Germany , rye bread is still geni'i'ully eaten , and even preferred to wheatrn bread , as it was in the north of Lanca .-hire half a century ago . The usi > and growth of rye have now almost censed in this country , but a few p . 'ituhes which we have seen thii , year are uunsunlly luxuriant in their growth ) and promise to yield abundantly . Much of the straw is upwards ofsixfuethigh .
Tlie potato crop seems to be failing this year in Portugal , Tmciliiy , and other parts of Mie south of Europe . Ill Portugal the weather hits been unusually wet , whilst in Italy it has been unusually dry . It thus appears that cither extreme is fatal to the plant . Th « sinne fact has been observed in the United Stures , and it strongly confii'nts the opinion that the sets of the plant now in use are in a nriak and degenerate state , and therefore unable to lvsist any kind of ixtreinu in the weather . Theru has been a greater quantity of hay Sf cured iu idrst-ratu cuttilition sim * e our last publication than was probably evei * . " eeui'ed in an equally sliort time . Suriug the whole weelt , . ill that wns necessary was to cut down this hay-grass and after leaving it in the sun for a couple
ofd . rvs , to carry it to tlie stack . On many farms tlie whole crop is thus secured , and even on those where the ( iiimitity is too . oivat tu U' suvcd in so short a time , many stacks have been ynt ( o ^ 'iithcr . Except in dry and stifflands , the hay crwns are largo as weil as uf excellent quality , and on some [ farms they are th « largest that isvev were grown . The cost of getting the crops has not been onu half as heavy this year as it usually is , u fact ot which the furniers have great reason to congratulate thi-msclres in this piirt of the kingilom , as farm labourers were nevw so scarce as they are at present . TI ) C Vages ( riven for mowing in this country are this year about . 'i siiiHinjr an acre lii >;) ii-r thnn they were formerly , nnd in the m-i ^ iiitourhooii < if London the ad vance is said to l )« much jrrcater .
1 he wlic . it is now in flower in all parts of South Lnncashirtf . This is n very critical period in its groirth , und one in which it is especially liable to be injured by heavy rains and high winds . There is this year every prospect that it in )! escape both these eri ) a , and that the seed will " stt" firmly nnd in jrood condition . What , ever l » a . V ho the result of other crops , nothiiijr but a complete and violent change uf wcaiii r win now deprive us ot ' u good wheat crop . All the spring crops are brginniitg to stand much in need of rain , hut we bili'ive that none of them are yet muuli injured , unless it is the oats and barley on a few very dry soils . After many weeks of dry weather , wo had a few refreshing : showers last evening in this lif . ighhuurhooJ , which will , we trust , he general If that should be the case , every thing iviil grow as in a li o t-bed . —Liverpool Times .
Untitled Article
This Society , of which the Earl ot Devon is President , has just issued its Third Annual Report , of which we have received a copy . By this itappcais that the assets of the Society are valued at £ 7 . 800 , and its liabilities are only £ 1 . 800 ; while its members include persons of the highest rank and the greatest eminence in Literature , Science , mid Art , in almost every country in Europe , as well as in Asia and America . ' The following extracts froni the Report will sulKciently . explain the nature of its proceedings ;—The regular succession of the Soirees , Lectures , Conversazioiii , and discussions of the past year , has beun productive of a great variety of useful and interesting information , and jielded'a larue share of enjoyment to the mcinbrrs and visitors attending thtm . And thu
arrangements connected with the Heading Room and Li . brary have been continued with uninterrupted . regularity , according 10 the original design on which tho Institute was founded . . ... . The addition of fowitfll visitors and l \ 611 ornfy members has been very considerable , ami is ' constantly increasing ; and as these are admitted to all the privileges of the Institute without fee or charge , one of tlie most important purposes for wliich it was established has been successfully achieved ; namel y , that of increasing to foreigners the opportunitirs of ngreeable intercourse with English Society , and bunging together men of kindred minds and congenial tastes from all parts of the ulobo
In confirmation ot this , it may be mentioned , that atone of the Soirees there were present , on the same evening , a learned and travelled Chinese , from the very heart of that distant empire—a Canadian Chief of one of the North American Tribes of Indians near Toronto—a very intelligent youth from New Zealand—and an accomplished Prince from Bulgaria—each of whom was sufficiently acquainted with Euj-lisli to communicate readily with the others ; and their very different impressions of our country and its people were full of interest and no . velty , while Hll agreed in the expression of gratitude for tho hospitality and kindness everywhere shown to them .
Among the subjecta of the Lxtuves and Discussions , those of Geography , Astronomy , KeKwoIojfy , Geology , Agriculture , Zoology , Anatom ; - , ri sio % } - Navigation
Untitled Article
Mnemonics , Political Economy , Colonisation , Music , Painting , Architecture , Htstorj , Finance , Jurisprudence , and questions of great moral and social interest , bave had their Bhare . And among the exhibitions of Work * of Art , and recent inventions , have been a great variety , as much admired for their novelty aud utility as for their worth and beauty , ¦ Tho cordial and disinterested assistance of the musical members of the Institute deserves the most grateful acknowledgments of the Committee , and of all who have participated in tbe hi gh gratification which their exquisite performances have conferred : a gratification for which they feel tho more iudebtud , from the cheerfulness and affability with which it has beenalways accompanied , though the sacrifico of time and labour involved in thes * delightful contributions has often been greater than those not acquainted with the difficulties to ¦ Vjo surmounted could conceive . :
Untitled Article
THE TEN HOURS' BILL . On Monday evening a meeting of the Lancashire Central Short Time Committee was held at their rooms in Manchester , for general purposes ; also for agreeing to an address ordered by a district meeting , to be sent to their friends in Parliament . Tbs-Chairman of the Committee presided . The delegates who bad attended a district meeting , gave their report , from which it appeared that the operatives throughout the country , were more reaolved to prosecute their efforts than on an >; former occasion . They had authorised the Committee to re-engage their secretary , and requested them to call upon the districts for the necessary funds . The following is the Address agreed to bv the Committee : —
TO THE FBIENDS OF THE FACTORY BILL 1 » > ' . PARLIAMENT . Gentlemen—At the most numerous meeting of delegates from tho factory districts of Lancashire , the Central Short Time Committee were requested on behalf of the factory workers and their children , once more to express their gratitude for the interest you . have taken in their welfare , in recording your votes in favour of 2 Bill ' introduced by lord Ashley and subsequently conducted by Mr ; John Fielden , to limit the hours of labour for children and young persons employed in factories to ten hours per day .
We can assure you it is a matter of deep regret to the factor ; operatives , that tbey will again be under the necessity of appealing to the Legislature for this measure of justice and humanity—a measure calculated to raise them mortally , physically , and intellectually , to a position in society to which honourable and honest minds aspire . The recent expression of opinion in the House of Commons is of itseJf sufficient to convince us that the claims of the factory children must soon be settled by Legislative enaetmest : The progress which our cause has made of late
encourages us to more active exertion ; and the support we have received from our friends in the House of Commons inspires us with hopes of speedy success . It is our determination never to cbange our course of procedure ; powerful appeals to the councils of our country will ever be our mode of action , and our friends may rest assured that we shall never , by any acts of ours , destroy that confidence which thoj have ever reposed in us . Our efforts from this time shall he redoubled with increased firmness , but , as heretofore ! directed by lawful and constitutional means .
Signed on behalf of the Lancashire Central Short Time Committee , Joseph Mclukeauy , Sec Committee Room , Ol d Swan Inn , Pool-street , Manchester , June 22 , 1810 ,
Untitled Article
THE WEATHERYEARS WHICH WERE EXTREMELY HOT & , DRY . In 763 the summer was eo hot that the springs dried up . In 870 the hcat'wa ; so intense , that near Worms , the reapers dropped dead in the fields . In 924 , and again in 993 , it was so hot that the corn and fruit were hurnt up . The year 1000 ¦ was so hot and dry that in Germany the poult" ot water disappeared , and ike &&h , being lftft id stink in the mud , bred a pestilence . In 1122 the heat was so excessive that "both men and cattle were struck dead . In 1130 the earth yawned with drought . Springs and rivers disappeared , nnd even the Rhine was dried up in Alsace . In 1159 not a drop of rain fell in Italy after May . The year 1171 was extremely hot in Germany .
In 1232 the heat tvas so great , especially in Germany , that it is said eggs were roasted in the sands . In 12 C 0 many of the Hungarian soldiers died of exceesive heat at tbe famous battle fought near Bela . The consecutive years 1276 and 1277 were so hot and dry as to occasion a great scarcity of fodder . The years 1293 and 1291 were extremely hot ; and so were likewise 1303 and 1301 , both the Rhine and the Danube having dried up . In 1333 the corn fields and vineyards were hurnt up . Theyears 1393 and 1394 were excessively hot and dry . In 1447 tlie summer tras extremely hot . In tlie successive y : irs , 1473 and 1474 , the whole earth seemed on firei In Hungary one might wade across the Danube , The four consecutive years , 2538 , 1530 , 15 tO , and 1541 , were excessively hot , and the rivers dried up .
In 1556 the drought was so great that the springs failed . In England wheat rose from 8 s . to 58 s . a quarter . Tlie years 1615 and 1616 were very dry over Europe . In 1646 it was extremely hot . In 1 C 52 the warmth was very great , the summer beinj the driest ever known in Scotland ; yet a total eclipse of the sun had happened that year , on Mondny , the 24 th of March , wliich hence received the appellation of " Mirk Monday . " The summer of 1670 was remarkably hrtt . It is related that one of the minions of tyranny , who in that calamitous period harassed the poor Presbyterians in Scotland with captious questions , having asked a shepherd in Fife whether the ki . 'Jing of the notorious Sharp , Archbishop of St . Andrews ' s . ( which had happened in May , ) was ^ murder , he replied , that he could not tell , but there had been fine weather ever since .
The first year of the eighteenth century was excessively warni . and the two following years were of the same description . li is a ' singulatf cMnoidenee , that in 1718 the weather was extremely kot nnd dry all over Europe . The ait ' felt so oppressive that all the theatres were shut in Paris . Scarcely any rain fell for the space of nine months , and the springs and rivers dried up . The following year was equally hot . The thermometer , at Paris , rose to 98 degrees by Fahrenheit ' s scale . The grass and corn were quite parched . In some plr . ces the fruit trees blossomed two or three times . Both the years 1723 and 1724 were dry and hot .
The year 1745 was remarkably warm and dry , but the following year was still hotter , insomuch that the grass withered , and tha leaves dropped from tbe trees . Neither rain nor dew fell for many months ; and , on the continent , prayers were oifertd up in the churches tu implore the bounty of refreshing showers . In 1754 it was likewise extremely warm . The years 1760 and 1761 were both of them remarkably hot and so was the year 1763 . 1774 was excessively hot and dry . Both the years 1778 and 1779 were warm and very dry . The year 1788 was also very hot and dry ; and of the same character nns ISll . famous for its excellent vintage , and distinguished by the appearance of a brilliant comet .
Untitled Article
cannot go back to tue time when there was such an awful and terrific thunder storm as one which visited the counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland on Thursday , nor one of such long duration , It commenced about tour o ' clock in the afternoon , and continued with utiabatcd violence till near eight in the evening . When the storm begun the lightning proceeded from tlie south-east , accompanied with the largest drops of rain vver seen in that part of the country . The atmosphere was oppressively close ami sultry ; indeed , the very air smelled of lire , and flash and thunder-clap succeeded each other in rapid succession until about a quarter past six , when most portentous omens ' presented themselves ill tllG hoaveilS
and the storm then increased to a most frightful p \ tch , and the stoutest heart quailed from its effects . At this period thu electric fluid , which was of the turked description , literally darted in . igneous streams from the south , at tho rate of eight or teu flashes per minute , white tho continuous peals of thunder , which were of the most sudden , loud , and startling kind , like the mighty crash of houses , one falling upon another , and the rain at the time falling : in water spouts , with lictle abatement till near eight o ' clock . The loss of life and damage done has been frightful . On tlie moor at Shap Beck-gate , in Westmoreland , tlie wile and daughter of Benjamin Girdiilo , < ilabourer , were gathering tufts of wtiol on the fences on luiipc Soar , when the daughter was killed on the spot , by the side of her heart-broken mother , who escaped destruction , but who U slightly injured . A man of the name of Ilinde , of
Ilardeendale , was also struck down , and so much hurt that faint hopes are entertained of his recovery . Iu a tield near Penrith , eleven sheep and one lamb , the property of Air . William Robinson , were killed while lying under a tree , which was shivered to splinters . The family of Mr . Thomas . Dawsan , yeoman , of the village of Stainton , neai- Peiirnli , had a most miraculous escape from instant ' destruction . Ic appears that a thunderbolt entered the kitchen , and drew the crooks out of tho coiJiujr , on which dried hams were hanging It then proceeded to the clock , the case ot which it shivereu into a hundred piece . , but none ol tlmmraates were hurt ,-they at tlie time being in another apartment of the house . Large trees on the estate ot Lord Brougham , at Brouuhaui Hall , were struck and shivered by the liyhtning . There « - « s another awful thunder-storm iiii the same localities on the following afternoon , but not so violent .
Iiie Peei , Govkrxmknt . — The Standard of Tuesday evening contains the following : — "lo is confidently rumoured that Sir ilobert Feel will resign liiiivlly on Ssuurday , and declare his resignation to thu house on Monday . Sir Jamos Graham ' s patent as Baron l'rcstoa is ' engrosseuV "'
Rural Affairs.
RURAL AFFAIRS .
Untitled Article
THE BISHOPS AND THE CORN LAWS . TO THE EDITOR OT THE MORNING POST . Sir , —The Bishop of Oxford ' s speech , on the 12 th instant , is , perhaps , the most extraordinary oration of the present session . Had I time , I should have pleasure , in giving it that attention which it calls for ; ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ . ¦' . ; . ¦ -. ' . : ¦ ' ; I must , however , leave " the working clergy" and " the landlords whose estates are mortgaged "to take care of themselves , merely asking the Bishop how he , a Chrisfcain Prelate , can give his support to a measure fraught , with , injury ( as he . Bays Free Trade is ) to those parties—seeing that it is eri . dent the principle of Free Trade cannot be Love—for it is said , " Luveworketh no ill to his neighbour ?" On one part of the Bishop ' s speech I must make a ^
remark , because , it seems to me , that the Right Reverend Prelate has admitted a principle as much at variance with every Christian principle as it evidently is with the best Interests ol the farmers ] and labourers . The Bishop has declared the spirit of competition to be just and beneficial , although every writer on political economy admits that competition has Us origin in eovetousness and selfishness ; surely the Bishop need Hofcbe told that Christianity is " a great experiment "* to eradicate covetousness and selfishness from the heart of man . The Bishop has , if I mistake not , reduced the farmers and labourers to the condition of brutes , for he says— " Be he farmer , or be he labourer , what is it H » at makes him valuable to those above him ? It
is competition ? " - ¦ , „_ . , , , ,.. That a Bishop of the Church of England should be driven thus to degrade his fellow-creatures , is perhaps one of the most awful signs of the times . _ I feel quite sure , that during the most exciting periods of the Anti-Corn Law movement , no hired lecturer of the League would , at a meeting of the people , have ventured on an expression so repugnant to the reelings of every well regulated mind . It has been reserved for a Bishop in the House of Lords successfully to " compete' * - with the orators of the League .
Universal competition ia universal war—war to the knife—against all who have to work for their living . Its effects have whitened the plains of tho East with the bones of the famished weavers . They were killed by the competition of your Yorkshire and Lancashire weavers , who , in return , by thriv competition , were reduced to live on . carrion . This ia no figure of speech ; it is a day , naked fact ; and all that while—from the Throne downwards—we were told that " oar manufactures were prosperous !" But what matters it ? Those poor weavers " were making themselves valuable to lliose above them !" So says the Bishop of Oxford ! lam . Sir , ' ¦ " Yours respectfully , London , June 15 . RiciunD Oastler . P . S . If the Bishop ' s philosophy be the Christianity of the Church of England , I have read her Liturgy and homilies very incorrectly . —R . 0 .
LETTER II , Sir , —One word more in reference to the Bishop of Oxford . I find that he lias been a great reader , observer , and thinker ; he says , "It was an easy thing to talk about an opponent in argument being young , but it wasasfcrange tiling , if a man who had for forty jjeavs been studying , not idly , books , men , and things , could not express his own views on a great political question , without being taunted with being a young man . I refer not to his youth or his age—it is to his long-continued diligence in research—his aouteness in thought—bis promptness in decision , that I now allude . He must be a very clever man . He has settled that abstruse question which Adam Smith ,
Malchus , and M'Culloch have each declared their inability to solve ; he has settled the question of " theincrease of wealth ! " The Bishop ' s reading , observation , and thought , have carried him far beyond the knowledge of those great teachers Ol political economy . " Where they hesitated , he is positive—where they doubted , he is sure ! No matter that , after all , his knowledge is " slight "—instead of learning we have positive conclusions . Read the following , and wonder at the modesty and diffidence of Adam Smith . Malthas , and M'CaJloeb , The Bishop of Oxford said , "I shall not follow the example of the Right Reverend Prelate ( the Bishop of Exeter ) in disclaiming all knowledge of political economy , because some slight knowledge of political economy is necessary for the consideration of this subject , and if the Right Rev . Prelate says he has
none , he puts himself out of the condition ot the argument . " "This is a matter which lies in the alphabet of political economy ; so far as I have been able to understand it , I approve of this measure . " Tlie Bishop may , during his " forty years' reading , " have somewhere seen " a little learning is a dangerous thing . " The " slight knowledge" of the Bishop gives him much more confidence than that possessed by the great masters of the science of political economy . His "Alphabet of Political Economy" has puz&leil those whose names stand highest in the school of political economy . Well , then , the Bishop of Oxford has " read books , not idly , for forty years , " and has decided , that Free Trade , er universal competition , is the sure mode of increasing wealth ! I will record the words of the Bishop , because they never ought to be forgotten .
" The effect of repealing the present law is , that it will produce competition . What is it that makes any man more valuable'in a life of labour ? It is the amount of competition he has to strive against . Be he farmer , or be he labourer , what is it that makes him important and valuable to those above him ? It is competition ; and unless the foreign labourer compete with our own , he will never raise his present position ! " And this from a Christian BisLop . . ! Among all the books which , during " forty years , " the Bishop has read , did he , think you , ever stumble upon the " old Book , " the Bible ? Did heevermeot with the Homilies ? Did he ever open the Prayerbook ? If sn , how happens it that his philosophy has led-him to conclusions so entirely at variance with the religion taught in those three books ?
. It' the Bishop ' s philosophy be true , ooVGtousnoss is a cardinal virtue , and selfishness is an angelic trace ! The Bible being true—the books of the Church being true—'' covetousness is idolatry , " and selfishness is a sin . Mark tub , Sir , I do not pky with WOl'dS 1 011 tllO highest authority in the school of political economy , competition is declared to be the offspring of covetousness and selfishness ! Does the Bishop dispute this fact . ? If so . I am prepared with proof . One word more , and I have done . If competition be really a good thine—if it exalts man in his social relations—what pity that the Bishops should be excluded from its benefits ! I know many of " the worlunc clergy" who would make excellent Bishops . Why is not the road to the bench
by the way of competition ? The episcopal work might , by chance , be as well done for hundreds as it is now done for thousands . Is it not possible that , by this " right rev . plan , " the Bishops might be made mora valuable , not only to those above , but also to those heloiv them . Who would be injured , if every , properly qualified clergyman were allowed to compete for a mitre ?—to bid at a Dutch auction ? Depend unon it , Sir , the priuciple of " What is sauce for the gonse , is sauce for the gander , " will chime in beautifully with the principle of competition . Let the Bishop of Oxftrd , if he can , define where competition should end . I am , Sir , yours respectfully , RiciURn Oastleb .
London , June 18 , 1846 . P . S . —I have some interest in the Bishop of Oxford ; twice I have shed my blood in defence of his father . Is the Bishoii of Oxford really the preceptot of the Prince of Wales ? 11 . O .
British And Foreign Institute.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN INSTITUTE .
Untitled Article
* See tlie Bishop of Oxford ' s speech .
Untitled Article
TTTfl ttftftTmERN STAR June 27 , 184 ^ is .... . . » - . - ¦ - -. —^—^— » i——m —*—"" " ^^^ —^ - ^—n —^~ . _ _ : ^ ^
Thunder Storm In The North.—Man's Memory
Thunder Storm in the North . —Man ' s memory
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), June 27, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1372/page/6/
-