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THE NORTHERN STAR SATDHDAY, APRIL 24,1847.
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i • ! Co tfca&n** & CorrtSDoiftf ii & i . . .... . . ,..,...---¦. r i . . .
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JUST PUBLISH P. Tk * pM ^-^ • ^^^^- ^^rr^^^^^^^mm^^^. ^EMU—Mil JUSTPOBLISUED , No. 4, (pike &U of : THE LABOURER, Uonthlj l!a£fcziBe of P»litir«, literature, Poetry, Ac
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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«* ibjf TxAieos O'CexKot , Esv , * ks Ekkest Jokes , E « 9 ., ( Barritters-at-Law . ) TheBetnMratic Movement in this cMmtrj bring . «<* ofl 5 deficient in : i monthly orpin , th < above magariiie if ' »' Wished to rctnedv this dfek-iency . Placed by lownessff Ijicewithiu the reach of all , yet equal to its mow «« l * nri » e competitor * . it embraces the following n » hires : I—THE LAND AKD THE LABOnRER . or thoj ^« rec « anil position of the National L * nd Company , and a ll nterestins facts connected with the culture andi . ro-* i-T ^ E roOH MA > -S LEGAL JIASITAU ; £ an M * ni . nent Barrister / riving aU necessary legal information fe the ^ JSs « 8 e& ^ lottces on the land , aud the a- ? HB n ^ TOuv orTnE working gussu Com fled W source * hitherto carefully hidden *™ tbeDubHc eve . narratiuR the encroachments en thoir rights , and « M ! wild « n . ldariiWUi « umcUons , liy'wlfiih tiiey eniieav . -. uredtorecain them , —being alessoafcr tte ftumv . i-r ^ -i ivom tlu past . 4 —POLITIC ? OT TilE DAT , comprising the state of " Englawl and Ji "land , tbe Chartist and Trades' Mevemect , sn aiuly-is ofproceedinRs ia Parliament , * nd a gummsry " "'' ws at home : md abroad . $ . _ POETH , Y AND ROMAKCE , since these are imps ? " tant branches o ^ ViluMtional progression ; and some uf the first dcni ! . cnr ! io statlu-re have undertaken tofcrtosil narratives of iutinsei ; ndvividinterest Such pahlieatiuiis wil ! be reviewed as deserve tli « aKen fitn of the People . THE PORTRAIT « f an eminent Chartist will accompany crery siith number . sCOKIKSTS . A TREATISE ON THE SMALL PROPR 1 ET 0 RY SYSTEM , AXB ' NATIONAL LAKB AND LABOUR BANK- i ShcwinRthe v . to £ c by which every WorkiwiMaTi u » j t'fcotnc- p . - . ssesstHl < -f a cmnfurtiible cottage , with a BOfSeient quantity < if Lai : d -t- > occujty Imn in producing all tha comforts ati < l r . i ' i-e ?* aries , oflif «! f « r himself and family . ~ Bos . I . sir . d lll . areuor . ' . re-pnnteil , and may be had on Sjiplkatiou . ; So . II . is reprinting andwiU be ready nest week . .-litter * ipro-jta ^ di to be sdurcsscd to tlie Editors , 1 <> rest Vfindir . sH Ssrtet , llvymarket , London . ; Orders m-eivt < : hy allajki : ts for the "Northern Star , ^ xd all boultKtilrrs iu t « m : i _ r . ud country .
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>* rtw Rfa ^ v , a Ke « r Edition of * 5 R . 'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . To bs bad st the y . rthem Siar Office . 1 G , Great Windpiil Street ; atii uf . Abel Ilcvwcwd , Manchester .
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, . NOTI 0 S 1 UNITED PATRIOTS ^ AND PATRIARCHS ' UENEFIF SOCIETIES . rai : on . —T . S . DuKCOHtE , Esq ., M . P . IK answer to Wk r . vmierous inqciries of Agents , Members , and CVjiTtsjxradc-uts , Notice is hereb y gi ven , thttthe Prflspttfus ni the LAND and BUILDING BENEFIT SOCIETY request * 6 , by them , to be brought into Co-operati- 'ti with t :. e above ln > titut ! O : ; s , is now ready for ciuuli : tim > . Within a few days the Rules trill lie submitted U the Certifying Hamster for Enrolsr . « nt . Further information , prospectuses , &cn C < n be « jt * £ i ! . ed at the < itSce . or by k-tter * prepaid , enclosing two jvost- 'ge t ' . amjis , directed to the Office of the Institutions , J 3 , Totte ^ lian :. cuui-t Sew-road , St . Pancras , London . Ager . ts required i : i every part of Great Britain . ( By Urdtr ) Daxiel William Rcrrv , Secretary . 5 . B . —JKttACt SctrtUria atui 2 Sci * Lerz of tic Chartist Xsnd Company , are nqutsttd to obtain information , ( Kiuth tan . le 'Malnci by tending a stamp for postage , ) rc-$ f << 1 vt $ tie Xr . tional Cooperative Benefit Society , o / uAWi Jfewr / Stallwo-jd < :. ; Wilcox are joint Secretaries , btfore Mfy iaoni , ' w
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IMI'OKTANr TO EMIGRANTS . AGRICULTURISTS and others may purchase 150 ACRES OF RICH TIMBERED LAND IN TESTERS VIRGIXIA , detcikd fcy Gsneral Wash , ington as tin Garden of Aneriea , for £ 23 8 s . 8 d . Sterling , AB 00 T THKEE SHILLINGS PEK ACHE . £ 2 12 s . only to be paid down , the remainder in FLV 3 ANNUAL PAYMENTS . For farther information app ' y to CilAULES -fflLUHEK , Aaerican Land OJict , ETAKLEY EU 1 LD 1 VG 9 , BATIT STREET , LIVERPOOL . Of wfcoai cay be had a Pamphlet on Emigration , in vliich thtse Lands are fuily cktiTibcd , and tlie terms of tale txi'laiued , 1-y seudiog thrto postage stamps to tree lhe same . -
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IMI'OHTAXT TO PUOTOGRAmidTS . A X applicr . i 3 i .-ii was made on the 22 i . d S < pl .-aiber , to f % . the Yki ' . Chaneellor of England , bj - A \ Beard who , acting tinder a mostcstraordinv deluEwn , considers Uir . n :: l the sole jMtoiUcoi the Photographic ju-ojess !) to retrain Mil . ESERT 0 X , of -1 , Temple-strict , and 148 , Fleet-street , torn t-ikiiig Photusr ^ pliic PorU . uls , which fce cots by a process entirely different frop undverj BliC-rior tu Mr . Ut-mVs , aivl at one-half tiie cl . " rge . Mis Hc : ; cur refused the application in toto . !<< i Iircuse vvijuired to practice this process , which if taught by i ! r . Egerton iu a tfrw lessons at a moderate cifcrgc AU tho Apparatus , Chemicals , < £ e . to be had as usual »• . his i ) i--ii > ri , Temple-street , " "b-tefriars .
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AUXILIARY TO THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY .
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TO TAILORS . The Lo . vnnx and paris spui . vg axd summer FASHIONS for 1 « 7 , are now ready , by BE . VJAU 1 S HEAD and Co , ii > , Hart ^ treet , Bl » om « hury square , Lu . n ] .. n ; and by <> . Berger , Holywell- « treet , Strand . SI : > y be had of all bouksellers ivhcresoever rcfcidir . s . Bj : ti <] irubatk , u of her Majesty Queen Victoria andii . R . ii . 1 ' riuce Aibert , a Splendid l ' riiit , beautifully eolonred , ;; u < l nquisitcly fsccnted , tliu whole very superior to anvtlii :. ^ o ' tne kind ever hit ivejiublishcd . Thi 3 beautifr . ljirint will be accompanied nitli ttie most fashiouable , full the , frock , Dress , aud Kiding Coat Patterns — a complete Paktut , much woru iu the Spring as an over coat—anil a youth ' s neiv , fasltionabse Slussar Jacket , •» ritli skirts—the manner of cutt ' iu ; , ' tlivni for all sizesfull explanation for variation of sty ' e and method of maldug'U ]) —with five diagrams , clearly illustrated—and all Decenary information respectiag style and fashion . Price 10 s ; i » i » tt free to any part of England , Ireland , Scutlaud , and WTnles . lls . l'ost-office orders , or post ¦ tatnps leceivfdascash .
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BALDXESS EFFECTUALLY REMOVED . A SURGEON residing in Cork having , in the course of ms Practice , had his attention particalarlj directed to . ^ acginired great experience in the TREAi'MEST OF CAPILLARY DISEASES , begs to inform those persens afflicted tnthBlLDSESS ( whither in youth crad-¦ fS ^ JF l ** ** ' byan"ost simple process , REPROI » CC that necessary ornuoent . Partiei applying willre-Jffmto enclose a snail quanii ^ of hair * £ » ffe of fire ^ ir **^! *^^ ^ , ^^
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"MARTIN . THE FOUNDLING . " CCVMPT . V . TV * "MARTIN , THE FOUKOLIKG , " COMPLETE ( TIUE FAMILY HERALDoftthU Week containsthe ' eon UL elusion of the above estocordinary Tale , b » Edoene Soe . Order Nos . IG 6 to 2 « 8 j < v Part * 39 to < 8 A NFW VOLPMEof thefawBy » c « M win commence the first week in May . Tins is « , e most entertaining tiie most o « ful , theinortpopttlar r ajiQVat . q ,, e 9 tionablvthpWw odical ever punished for One P enny M ] I CwrtSS ? , J f J tbe Family lhrald . A sm Rl « trS of ttU « , «•?• work will be a sufficient test S mmto ™
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sSlssfei tbe blst and « T ° Ust ' U I" * ' ™* ' acidity ; it is SSwTtLSiL ! ° ^ S * *» ««» be depcndeS on to ri " 4 F ., 1 , erto - brewferoa ^ « " » t « 'e jvar , without 5 ™ T ™ iwtrnrtions will be sent Free , bv return of ^• ° , c-ric « Pt of « wt . offi « i Order . ' ot ' otnenri ^ cT « y , London re 5 Sed * ° * J ° B" Ta' 1 ° B ' ' *"*« " +
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W . ™ ? 0 X ' S ^ ECTOB'E 05 TBE NATIONAL „ . KDLlATION ^ UBSTION , ddirercdinFinsbuiy , Vr i inst " wiUbe published in Howitt ' s JoniiKAiun nediiesday next . This U the onJy authorhed A ' cjHJtt . A 1 SO , I HEE TBADE HfiCCttAECTlOXS—TlIE GKKEKS . By m Hovjbixc , M . P . ; aud , a Splendid Eagraving from Kaulbach .
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Eari y ia May , price 6 < L ;?] . rii ! ted from tlie Short-hand Writ-ir ' s Notes , ) mUE TRIAL OF THE MECHANICS AT LIVERPOOL ¦*• on the 2 nd and 3 td ^ f April , 1817 ; with San-alive , Note ? , Cases , ic , and an Abstract of the Indictment . Edited by W . P . Hobebts , Ei q . Manchester : Abeillej ? wc ; > d , Oldham-street ; and all Booksellers .
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OBSERVE . Uvtan . 1 Trades' Intell . pincc , and jrciicral qutstion * . must Office , " 16 , Great WiRdmill Street , Lomlon . AU legal questions , and matters of local news , not not-ced in provincial pnpers . and requiring comme t . to be addressed to Mr Eiinest Jokes as above AU questions respecting I ! i ]| s introduced into the Lcgis . lature . Acts of Parliament , their ru-aniiip and intent , Aland questions respecting th * Ministry , and the members . of the iw « H . ius-s cf I ' arlistiicnt . to In addressed to Mr -fieoige Fleming . "Northern 6 tar" t-Jfiee AH questions , comievted with tlit jnanascintntof lnnO , and touching the operations « f building , cultivation , ic , to be addrc ^ -ed to AfrO'Cos-NOB , Lowbands , Red Maile , Ledbnry , Worcestershire .
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KAY SPORTS , OLD AKD NEW . Old England-Queen Bass-lhe May Queen-an . l the Dance on the Green—have often been vaunted by poet andshistorian , who were fond of depicting Elizabethan ( England as a scene of Arcadian pleasures . Of tfee beneficent sway and virgin innocence of the good < Queen Bess , . Mary , Leicester and Essex , the slaughtered Irish and the executed Papists , conld , no doubt , most abundantly tell . We have read , too , of a stately Court-Pageant held on a May-day by her virgin Majesty at Greenwich , and that the lordly courtiers made rather too free with the rustic Queen of May , whereupon the English Queen , waxing jealous , reproved them , and even
boxed my Lord of Oxford ' s ears , a pugilistic predilection which she was wont to evince on more than one occasion , as Lord Essex also practicall y experienced ; but notwithstanding these May-festitities of the olden tirae "like us not , " they lack the true spirit of festivity—freedom . There was abundance of good cheer—but it was the vassals'joy at the master ' s alms . Even this faint echo of olden jollity has faded away—and the onl y relic of these national festivities has dwindled into au old lady ' s annual breakfast to chimney sweeps ! It was reserved for Democracy to renew May-day merriment , on a holier ground and from a purer source than that from which it ever drew its
inspirations . Instead of being the short saturnulia mi which Labour forgot its . penalty of Poverty , and rank condescended into a temporary equality of amusements , ( a satire upon ciass-dhtinction , ) we look forward to a National Festival . commemorative of Labour ' s trwtnnh , ~ and the assertion of Man ' s equality , when the Chartist Freemen take possession of their promised Land . It is more than the land of which that day will hold cut a realized promiseii is the guarautee of a new era in man ' s social and political existence . In another part of this Number will be found the speech of the Prussian King on
granting his new Constitution . He invei ghs bitterly against the idea of a piece of paper thrusting its pale face between himself and his prerogative , while he forgets that the best page on which to write the Charter of men ' s liabilities , is the soil of their native land . We have always held that the dead letter of a Constitution was a nullity , where the living spirit of f reedom was not abroad among the people . Legislators carefully frame their Acts of Parliament so closely , that it is commonly said a coach and horses may be driven through their very clauses ; but were thev even framed with all the strictness with which
the expounders of that law can bind the unfortunate victim who falls into their clutches , Monopoly would still fiud means to turn aud twist them to its purposes , where not deterred by the determined attitude of the people themselves . The palladium of the British Constitution is but a golden armour for the rich against the poor ; and the only security for the observance of justice , is the power to enforce it . That power cannot support itself on air;—an abstract principle , though it ran never die , may subside into a negative existence ; it requires the corporeal reality to induce with it action , to give it the power of bearing forcibly on the phases of society . As a great thought is lost without the
tongue to speak and the hand to execute , so does a popular movement . , based upon great political truth , need similar practical agency ; the slave requires a moment ' s respite from despair to collect his energies , and frame his plan for the campaign against Monopoly ; he wants a p ' ace of shelter , where to recruit his strength and gain breathiug-tiroe in the struggle . This is given him in the Land . We look on everv Chartist form as an
oasis in the desert of Monopoly ; where those , who are not yet themselves on the promised Land , may gain fresh courage fir their pilgrimage . It is a focus for Democracy—since the gossips at the cottage door will talk of the past and present , —compare what tbey suflered at the hands of others what they won at their own ;—while the passer-by will say :- " Whose are these beautiful cottages ?"
and will be answered : " They are the homes of men , who saved for their children and their children ' s children the money others have squandered at the beer-shop or the tobacconist ' s . " Then will he say to himself : — " Now 1 see at last that the aour of Monopoly has gone by ; working men are grown thrifty , frugal and united ; when the millions combino , it is time for their tyrants to tremble I "
And the foundation of all this will be our May festivity I—a festival of great joy , but of mighty import as well—— . Working men ! do honour to the day : for it will be a eaint ' s-day in Labour ' s ctlendw and a holiday io ( if religion of Jlgmanity !
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THE GREAT CONSTITUTION ' . MONGER . When we formerly asserted that Prussia wotfld be the first despotic monarchy to receive a Constitution , wwere wot deceived as to the nature of the concession extorted from the hands of Prussian Royalty . We knew that the undercurrent of popular feeling was at work , bubbling slowly to the surface , and throwing up its sparkles in the Press , We watched the Autocrat , seated upon the hollow glitter of bis throne , eyeing in turn the bayonets of his . army , and the aspect of his people—and we saw it was merely a matter of time , as to how long the worn-out fortress of Prerogative would be . able to . »•_ «_— . _ . A . inMtmtt « t / vt' ^ . ^ ..-. ^ -. ^
sustain the siege of young opinions . We beheld the monarch , 1 'ke an insect on the brink of a precipice , alternately putting forth one feeler , then another ; first cautiously endeavouring to check the march of innovation by the hand of Power , then shrinking back terrified , and attempting to win an artificial popularity by the tongue of deceit;— , an alternate dealer in bayonets and claptrap . At one time imprisoning tsen , because they dared to speak like such , and then buying the shouts of popular favour , by granting amnesties to those whom he should never
have condemned ; now cowering back under the shadow of Russian supremacy ; then stepping forward into the light of Germany nationality , while the people were heaved to and fro , like a ship beneath an unsteady helmsman—now roused to anger , and then again lulled into confidence . But , although this game lasted long—too long—the wary king saw that the time for temporising was gone by ; the Press spoke out too plainly—the people might be deceived once too often—the hour had arrived for the next greet move in the drama of Kingcraft .
"We can well imagine the spirit in which the Hing framed his opening speech : he was obliged to mount and ride the horse Revolution . or be trampled under its feet ; Uut , after moun ' -ing , he endeavours to rein it back . At first he tells the Diet of " the noble edifice of representative freedom , " subsequently he infoims them , they are not for a moment to imagine " thev are to play the part of what are called representatives of the people" He speaks as the " heir of an unweakened crown . " Did he not say to himself . " My crown IS weakened , or I should not be obliged " to ensct this farce to-day ? Ah ! my father was a
" lucky man ! it is true , he promised the people a " Constitution , when Napoleon set his foot upon his 11 neck ; but when they had saved his throne , then he " refused compliance , and was fortunate enough to es" cape constitution-free ! Hepreservedthe unweakened " prerogative ; but times have changed , and erowrts " mustyield . France and England have got an " awkward knack of dealing summarily with refrac" tory kings ; Prussia may learn the trick ; and I " have no particular inclination to become a royal 11 martyr . Well—I shall succeed yet—^ bribery , " place-liuntiiig , and patronage , will do my work as
" well as the unweakened prerogative . Bear wit . ness , Eng ' . ani—( iV . efcing aliudes to England in his speech)— " where there is as glorious a despotism ' as heart can desire : —bear witness , France , where " a Constitution leaves the king all his power , and " relieves him of al ! his responsibility . Yes , — constitutions are the cards for kings to play ;"—and thus Frederick William gave his subjects a Constitution 1 AU ! It is a ii gn of the times when kings are reduced to this extremity ;—constitutions are extorted fi cm despots , —and , grand proof of popular progression and royal weakness ! without a bayonet
being reddened or cannon fired . True , the measure is but a mockery—it gives the Prussian people the glorious privilege of voting money whenever the king wants it , while the latter may raise taxes without their consent , whenever he is obliged to resort to that last argument of kings , —the bayonet . But , though worthless in itself , it is of paramount im . portance as the herald of popular victory . Despotism maintains its throne but by the hand of Force—prove that it is not invincible ; make it retro .
grade once , and it is lost for ever . This has been done in Prussia . ? No doubt every nerve will be strained to exclude all democratic elements ; no doubt bribery and Government patronage will tell as powerfully in Prussia , as in France or England ; but it will be only for a time . The bird of Liberty will hover near the nest it has once built for itself , and scare the tamed aud dazzled eagle from the beautiful land it has made its prey . The king seems to have felt the truth of this when he
says—I Know , certainly , that many will mistake and despise this jewel—that to many it ia not enough . A p ( rtit . n of ihc Press , for instance , demands outright from me and my Government a revolution in Church and State . « * But Prussia , gentlemen—Prussia cannot bear such a slate of things . Dj you ask . why ? I answer , cast your eyes at the map of Europe—at the position of our country—at its component parts ; follow tho line of owr borders—weigh the power of our neighbours . A significant fact that Russian bayonets or Austrian hussars would be brought over the confines by the first symptom of enfranchisement ; and his Majesty as significantly tells
them—You are free to bring petitions and complaints , after mature deliberation , to the foot of the throne . Those are the rights , those are the duties of the German orders ; this is jour glorious vomtion . But it is not your province "to represent opinions , " or bring opinions of the day or of this or of that school into practical operation . That is wholly un-German , and , besides , completely useless tor the goed of the community . I here give you my royal word that I should not have called you together had I the smallest suspicion that you would otherwise understand your duties , or tbat you had any desire to play the part of w hat are called representatives of the people .
This is frank , at least , —this is , indeed , a " glorious vocation . " It reminds us forcibly of th old gentleman who held a shilling out of one window of the postchaise , and a shilelagh out of the other , and told the postilion , — " You drive as I tell you , you shall have the shilling—if you don ' t , you shall have the shilelagh . " But we strongly suspect this Chamber of " Petitioners , " though it may be venial now , will gradually become imbued with more democratic elements , as the " pressure from without" begins to tell , and then it will neither care for the shilling , nor be afraid of the shilelagh . That Press is still at work , of which the king
says—| ln a portion of it a dark spirit of destruction prevails—a spirit that entices to revolution , and that deals in the moat audacious falsehood , disgraceful to German fidelity , and Prussian honour . May it go on exposing the " dark spirit of destruction , " that inhabits thrones , —the " audacious falsehood " of " royal constitutions , " and the truth of that great adage , PUT NOT YOUR TRUST IN PRINCES .
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leave cut of sight an essential element of the question . In the Continental Nations , where National Education is established , the Government is more or less despotic , and rules the people . In England , on the contrary , the people rule the Government . Sir II . Peel ( no mean authority on this particular subject , ) has made the memorable declaration" That henceforth whatsoever party may have the direction of affairs , must govern in accordance wish public opinion . " That opinion makes and unmakes majorities in Parliament—majorities in Parliament Inavo r . nf nf cinM on pf&ential plmunnf *\ t * U * / ,. « .
seat and unseat Ministers . The Sovereign is merelv the under-hand making their acts ; and b y a natural process we come back to the press , the public meeting , the petition , the huttings , the popular association—in short , all the machinery b y which , in this country , opinion is created and governments controlled . Here is the great safeguard against the political perversion of National Schools , conjoined with that sturdy love of liberty which is indigenous to the Anglo-Saxon race ; that love of managing their own affairs—of thinking for themselves , and of speaking out their thoughts , which they carry with
them to every quarter of the globe . AH the tendencies of the age favour the growth of this feeling , and every movement extends the power of the masses —throws more and more into the hands of the veritable people , that , power in the control of puiilic affairs , which is demanded by the great principles of democratic justice . National Schools , so far from weakening that power or arresting those tendencies , would , we believe , increase both , because they would augment the knowledge , which is synonymous with power . The behest of an enli ghtened national will would , therefore , be irresistible ; and that will would never either choose slavery , or submit to it .
It was necessary to make these cursory general remarks , to show the reader from what point of view we look at the Debate of the week , and the i . Sin ' sterial scheme . The latter we have from the commencement condemned , on the broad grounds of : ts inadequacy to meet the evils it professed to remedy ; and secondly , because of its unconstitutional nature—its insecurity , because dependent upon the will of an irresponsible body , aud not an Act of Parliament ; and its possible perversion to the purposes of setts and parties .
Nothing that has transpired during the debate has altered these opinions The Premier himself , followed by other members of the Government , make th « confession-that the measure is imperfect . They agree , aUo , that it is unjust , especially in its treatment of the Roman Catholic portion of the I > ipulation . The onl y apolosv offireJ for these
imperfections defects , zwl for this injustice , is , that : lie Government dare not attempt more for fear of the Church , and that they have been obli ged to exclude fro n any participation in the benefits of their scheme , whatever these may prove to he , a large section of the community , in tfcferr-nce to the monstrous bigotry and intolerant prejudices of another section , the Wcslevan Methodist . * .
With this Ministerial confession Mr Macanlay ' s brilliant speech of Monday night , in answer to Mr Duncomhe , so far from being a defence , is , in reality , a censure of it . He proved triumphantly , aud in a style of masterly oratory which has few equals in this country ( though we object to some of the arguments and illustrations ) , not only the extent and nature of the cv'A to be remedied , but also the right and duty of the Government to act upon it . Why , then , shrink from this duty ? Why allow « cts or creetfsfo terrify you fro m the performance
of that which , on taking the oaths of office , you promised ? Why succumb to organised section ' s of he community , and not only withhold justice , but inflict injustice ? Why , with a clear view of the injury inflicted upon society by the absence of the necessary machinery for develop ing the mental and noral power of the millions , and thereb y conferring tioth a negativ . 3 ami positive benefit on the country of incalculable value , do you heshate to propose a measure of which you acknowledge , and elaboratel y prove , the paramount importance ? The
Ministerial reply to these questions is the most self-condemnatory ever uttered . They see and know their duty , but they dare not perform it . Instead of aking their stand npon principle , they palter , and e : hlle , and higgle , and chaffer for political support ; hey barter the fate and destinies of the millions for lie votes which , at the next general election , will c'iey trust , give them a place on the Treasury benches for the next seven years ; and having done this they ' i . ive the cstounding effrontery to turn round , and vmider that other parties are no t prepared to
anflaud ( hem for bring cowardly , selfish , and unjust . In addition to the general objections we have nadc to the scheme , many occur to us which the .. mce already occupied will not permit us to enter i ;> on at present . One , however , is of such a grave lature , that it must he referred to the unconstitu - liinal nature of the scheme . We have always unicrstood the Government of this country ) be vested in the Sovereign , the Lords , and lie Commons in Parliament assembled . This lestimable foundation of public liberty , won by
ie valour and determination of ouv forefathers * muld be guarded with the most watch . il jealousy . The slightest encroachment lion it is calculated to subvert the freedom and ¦ rosperity of the people . The minutes of the Com-. littee of Council on Education are , in our opinion , i direct and most dangerous infringement of this irst principle of British liberty . They propose to tstitute a vast amount of educational machinery , by vhich the fate and character of the people must in . itahlv be scriouslv influenced in future , without
: iving Parliament any control in the practical direc-¦ on of that machinery . The plan is dependent on he will of the executive , for the time being . To be , 0 dependent is an evil of the greatest magnitude . U ' lbc schools are beneficial to the public , the tenure » f their existence is insecure . The Government > tay by new regulations diminish their usefulness , ii altogether pervert i ! u :-n ; there is no guarautee of a permanent nature offered for their continuance ji puhlic ' y beneficial grounds . The object in
training so unconstitutional a measure , we believe , ivas to escape discussion in Parliament , and collision with sects . It has failed , aud , under any civcum-^ ances , should lie abandoned . Whatever we have , iarge or small , lcl it be ba ^ ed upon an Act of Parliament . These are not the days to acquiesce in stretching the prerogative of the Crown . Other objections may probably bs alluded to on future occasions ; meantime , we must here dismiss the subject f or the present .
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will , we earnestl y hope , put the friends of the factory operatives on their guard . The Lords are preparing for the contest on the Irish Measures , and it is again rumoured positively that Lord Stanley will endeavour to destroy what little utility is left in the Irish Poor-Law Bill , bv moving the Bcntinck amendment , which , in effect will let the landlords go scot-fred If so , and he ' succeeds , a speedy dissolution will ens ue , for w Ca scarcely imagine that the Commons will assent t pass the bill so mutilated , even though the W'h ; were ready to do so . „ .:... * 4 * « _ . . [ ~
Untitled Article
i llOAl . NOTICE . —Since the I , aw Department of the Xorllmn i Star ivks opened , 1 have rureived utmost daily com . i jiliiint&fiom pooi'men thnt they liave bi'en pluiii ' rred ! either by !' ct ! if . >) , ' ( jing Attorneys or AdvcrtiHtiK l , aw | office " . It \ v : ik to s » vo poor men t ' nim these harpies ; that the Law Department of the . S'tar was opened , fo give gratuitous Legnl advice is one of tlie principal I oliji't ' ts of tli it > h pat trnent . In no ease , therefore , sl iJii I I tukc even the smallest fee or remuneration from ' ii ! poor man , except where my professional scrvii-ts sliall I render him a richer man than be wan before . Where a i client , through my professional assist nice , recovers J p roperty and becomes richer than liu previously was , there I shall expeet n moderate fee ; bu t even ' tiiiit I shall not tako till after the property lias been I rf '^ nvpvcil . ^
It is no unusual tiling for those who have got fr . iudu . lentiy or wrongfully into possession of property tn Se f the claims of justice at defiance on account of ( t , e poverty if the rfehtful owner . Where a poor man ' s claim to property is believed to be good , his jiovevtj win act upon me as . in additional stimulus to obtain justice fov him , Tlierc is another legal grievance which many people , even in Rood circumstances , suffer from ; namely , the heavy expenses they are put to nb'iut Leases , Agreements . Conveyances , Mortgages , MarriigoSettlements ,. Making t !; efr Wills , < fec . All these tliingt « ro cominonly made longer by three or four times than they need to be ; wntl the consequence is , the expenses and stumps are twice or throe times us mui-h as they ought to be . To correct this evil si most skilful conveyancer venders me his services , and upon terms so moderate that the expenscs of f onv-.-jnnces , Wills , &e ., will be less than one * half of their usual amount .
When clients wish to have papers returned , or private answe- s to their inquiries , it u expected that they will send the requisite number of p" 8 tage stamps . In statins their cases , let clients simply state / acts on-1 avo'd ail remarks and comments of tlitir ' wnj Much , often , depends upon the time at which ;> . tiling happened ; as the time of a person ' s Iiiith , Marri'ice Death , Date of his Will , the Date of the Probate , ic . ' therefore in all these , and similar case , In u '« ttj be friven . Ernest Jones , IUl ^ H FoM > . Newcftsile-under-l . jne . —The landlord maj ( liBir . in for the whole of the arrears . You must give the landlord a full week ' s notice to quit , and &t the en' nf the week tender him the key und the rent that may be due . The woek muu be computed to as to t-nd on tl : c same day of the week that your tenancy
coiinvnced . If tho goods are removed , rent btvog due the Im . dlord may fo low them . The attorney ' s charge of 3 i (! 1 js . I helicv ? , the usunl charge , Jons Sotcufve , Rochdale . —The derhraii . in of trust hy J . E , J . P ., and It . P ., wil 1 , I ilare say , make tbe society lafe tnough ; hut t ! ic dtduration of trust , r . nd all deeds and waitings rcluting to the properiy , must be in the eastod ? •¦• the society , or their clerk or secretary , and bi- c ucfullv pr . served . If , however , ihe property wa > to be sold iigain , and it was knenn tint it Mnnged to the soekty , theve might poitibly be a d'ffi . ii ' ty in making a title to it ; but . perhaps , ir . e Mk"i » ty had b . 'tter run this risk , th * u incur a cmtL < Vr ;>!>! s eipsnse by enroHinp , etc . George Dasih . Sheffield , —If you do not pay , ynnr fords uv-. y he liv . rainrd , Applj to the magistrate nbo i « 'Utd the warrant , sntl he , perhaps , in consideration of your misfortunes , may give jou time or let you ifl a ' together . 0 . V ., Po'T'cksis- ' . w , Glasgow . —I am not a Scotch lawyer
—but I suspect the fact to le , that you took your house without inquiry whether the late tenant had paid his poor-rates up t « the timt of his quitting possession . I d » re say it nil tarn out that he had not , and the confequ ? nc < -. i * , you are called upon to pay what was due from him , as well as what has become due from yourself ; an . l according to English law , ( and mo « t likely according to Scotch law also . ) you are liable to pajttie whole ; but the late tenant is liable to re . psy you hi ? share . If . liowcrer , you cau get nothing from bin 1 , f--e magistrate would urobibly relieve you fromthe payment of the late tenant ' s part of the asfe 6 B » ment , an » also reduce the rate to a rate on the rent you really pay ; unless the house is worth more than you pay . Thomas Kicuard ^ on , Fallowfield , Durham . —If the servants have no beneficial interest , and it can be proved that they hr . ve not , they have no right to vote in vestry , etc . 1 : the owners gave notice to the ov . 'merj that the houses were empty , they are not liable to : he payment of poor-rates so long as the houses continue
emp y . I tl > Hi ; you srerigbt , by reason of incompatibility of eh « va :-t . r . Palatux Barnl" ) . —1 st . If the ratepayer * of any town , ship n > ;!' c ; 't « n vote for churchwardens , the churchwardens are duly chosen by the townships which do vote , uuk'Ss Oitre be a custom to the contrary . 2 nd . Yes ; provided the meeting wa « duly convened an \ held , ? , r 1 . Yes ; but if your party should be outvo ' td , and ' a larger r «! p carried by the other party , such larger rate must be paid . Should yowr rate be carried , the chuivWardena can only collect that , and no more . Cbarles Aluhson , Sheffield . —Give me the name and address or ' the mortgagee , who is in possession of your proporty , and I nill write to him ; and if that does not
bring him to a settlement , I will then advice you as to the proper steps to take . D . L ., Merthyr . —As the horse and cart arc yaws , if yoa . state that fact to the ossessor , and pay tbe duty , (\ s I suppose you are liable to it , ) no further proceedings will be taken against your sous . V 7 m . Elsjn , Northampton . —If you make use ot your awn hone in conveying about your g'lods as a hawker , I am of opinion you ought to take out a horse license . Sending your goods by coach or carrier ' s cart it quite aMV-ivcnt tWnjs . A . T . Y ., Add—g—m —If the engine broke down through ' "nn-. voilnble accident , " in tliatenso the men will be entitled to ibeir wages of 8 < . Hi . per day , whilst the engine is undergoing the necessary rcpai'S , 1 prc-* um « ' the wor ' i * was titft "finished through tbe present tneasuriy ' t . hen : ke engine broke . It' it teas , or if the e ' liffincbritki . ' through the" nejil'genue or mismanage . me : u" of the contractors , in either ease the n-. cn &ve not entitled mi w . iges . James Ste \ ens » s , Glasgow . —lam not a Seo'chlawyer but , tweordi- ' -g to English law , it a fraud lius tern , praotisi ' il up hi tlie club , the parties piKctisitsg the fraud may » js punished . Though you say '• the rules ' wire not viuned by any of the numbers of the club , j'M . shey advanced their money , I presume , o ; i the i / . uis of the m ' . cs , I must , however sec the vuiee , before I cmi felly advise . T . Sowsrby , Diilston . —The clergy of the Established t ' iiurcli are entitled to Enster dues . Let me know the paiticulars ot' ike demand which has been made Ujiou you , aud I shall be uMc to tell you if it is
s ; ru : tJy a 1 'g . tl onc ; tb : > ugb , as it amounts , I suppose , to a mrre trifl- , jou had licst paj it . G , L ., D .-rhy —Your eldest brother it entitled to t ' -ie freehold property , as it is , I suppose , neither of < 5 wcl-l ; it » l ikiv Borough-English tenure . Yourself or your mother , or your brother , should take out auminis ' . vation to your late father ; then turn the live and dead stock into money ; and after payment of all lawful demands upon your father ' s estate the surplus must ho divided , one . third to your mother , and the remaining two . thirds amongst yourself , and brothers and sinters . Has any deceased fcrotlitr <>!• sister left children?—The legacy of £ 108 , givtn by voin- Lite uncle to your father , lapsed ; and has . moil iihely luileu into the residue of his personal estate . Ti > i . n . iblo me to say whether you me
entitled to any part of your late uncle ' s property , I mu ? t sec a iiopy of his will . W . OuiiKr ., ]! iniiingham . —Give me the arMress of y-uir o » n-ii > , Thomas Gntliths , and aUo of your cousin , ll « l > ci-cA Griffiths . I suppose they havet&Utu poBfession of the houses and other property given io them by Mrs Owen ' s will . Did your father die y , o $ sessed of the property in DuuK j ? And iu what jeer did he die t MAnv Uansford , Liverpool , —Without seeing a c * i > y of th « nill of your late husband ' s father , or , at wy rate , a copy ot as much of it as relates to the dense of tlie sixtetn aeres , it is impossible for me to give an opinion upon your oase . Judging from the Katenitntin . vow letter , ! should be inclined to * ny , that your husband lutlit in hu power to sell the property ,
and that his only child has no light to it . When did he die ? and when did his lather die ! Can von give me the address of Mr M aber , or Mr Gahagan I W . M , Long Bocliby , —Your friend ' * landlord cannot distrain , hut may sue In the Small Debt * , ' Cuuvt ou the note oiiiund . J . Xe « uott , ll . iiu-asttr . —Was there a written agreement between the purchaser and yourself ! If th «» w < > s , tend me a copy of it , and give nm the name and address of the lawyer you htto employed . A . ( . ' UMcn ^ TiN Tkoubie , Xenton . —Allyour property may be talien , except £ 5 worth ; but the appraiser always puts a moderate valuation upon the articles left . If , however , jour creditor proceeds agaiuet you ,
the court will , no doubt , give you time to p » y the debt , by easy instalments ; aud if you duly pay them , your goods and furniture will not be taken . If you were to take the benefit of tbe Irtolrent Debtors' Act , you would have to gUe up sil your property but £ 20 Worth . J . W . S . —You can not be mr . de to pay for the altevitions made in tlio premises by the teuant . It is not to joui interest , Isuppose . to have the premises put into tb « r former state , and , if not , the tenant must leave tbeni in their improved conditi-n . As thepremijes areheld under a lease , yon can eject the tenant at the op : r . » tion of the lease , without jiving notice to quit ; but if you give him i « cb notice , and he holds over , be will
The Northern Star Satdhday, April 24,1847.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATDHDAY , APRIL 24 , 1847 .
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . The mental destitution of England has superseded for the lime being the Irish Famine in the House of Commons . Mr Duncomlie ' s motion of Monday night , for referring the Government Scheme of Education to a Committee of Inquiry , lias occupied almost the undivided attention of the House , with the exception of Wednesday , and it is not improbable , from the other amendments on the paper
that the subject will continue to occupy the Legislature for some time to come . The paramount importance of the question will fully justify any amount of time that can be bestowed on its consideration ; and whatever may be tbe immediate result of the discussion , it will no doubt tend to promote a clearer comprehension of the bearings of a subject which lies at tlie very foundation of national and individual well-being .
The aspect in which the question now presents itself in Parliament , if not altogether satisfactory , is still gratifying to those who have watched its progress . Many of our readers can , no doubt , remember the time when the idea of the working classes needing any education at all was scouted as being most absurd , preposterous , and even dangerous to the Constitution as by law established , by " noble lords" and "hon . members , " and all the idle classes who lived by preying upon industry . The permanency and security of our national institutions were supposed 10 be guaranteed b y the ignorance , brutality , and debasement of the "lower orders . " So long as they could lie made and kept " the great unwashed , " all was ri ght with the classes who
basked in the golden sunshine of Church and State , We have lived to see a great change of opinion among a'l classes on this point . From whatever motives lhe avowal may spring , none now advocate ignorance as a social blessing—except , indeed , that peerless and enlightened City knight , Sir Peter Laurie , who lately , from the hei ght of his magisterial chair , assured the wondering auditors that education was the parent of crime , and that the increase of the one had multi plied the other ! With this fa : uous exception , which , looking at the peculiar character of the worthy kni ht , may perhaps be taken , like all exceptions , to establish the rule-we repeat , all classes , however they may differ as to the mode of giving instruction , agree that education ought to be universal .
But at this point divergence takes place . One party takes its stand on the principle that the Government has no more right to interfere in education than in trade ; that , in fact , the instruction of tlie people ought to be regulated by the same principles of political economy as they apply to commerce , and that competition , voluntary effott , "buy in the cheapest and sell iu the dearest market , " are principles equall y applicable to the manufacture of minds and the fabricature of cottons and cutlery . Another and a larger party advocate the principle that voluntary effort is incapable oi imparting either general or effective education
While admitting the utility o f the voluntary princi ple in its own sphere , they agree that there are certain social necessities of the hi ghest importance to physical health , mental cultivation , and moral ex cellence , which it is totally incapable of graupliiit with . The same reasons , they say , which make ii necessary for men , by combined effort , to supplj water , light , and drainage to towns , apply to th « provision of education , by general and united exeition . Water , light , and puie air , are as requisite to physical healt h , as education is to mental : both can best be supplied by combined effirts and under a general superintendence .
At this point , however , a fresh difficulty arises , even among the supporters of this general principle of combined , instead of voluntary effort . Who shall have the superintendence of the National Schools : The Church did claim the right , because it was i recognised and established portion of lhe Coastition . It does not now take that ground , it asks o » l , for its fair share of the superintendence ; that is , ovc its own schools . The Dissenters , or at least thai portion of thera called Nonconformists , which exeludes the Wesleyans aud Roman Catholics , demur to even the exercise of that right , as calculated to put into the hands of the Church an instrument of
Proselytism , which may ultimately utterly subvert reli gious liberty in this country . That is , in brief , the point of dispute at the present moment in the House of Commons . To us , the quarrel appears to originate altogether in a mistake , as to the true constitution and functions of National Schools . The duties of man to man , the knowled ge how to perform these ilutie * aright , the information requisite to form a usefu citizen , come naturally under the cognizance of sin State , which deals with the temporal and political welfare of society alone . Man ' s duty to God pertain * to another sphere . The ethical problems of socieh are capable of solution , the dogmas of theolo ? v an
not . Whether the advance of knowledge will ever render them demonstrable , remains to be seen ; but , at all events , we are justified iu saying , that at present no man can demonstrate anything on thosi mysterious and deeply-interesting controversial topics , which have occupied men ' s minds for dges , and which are as far from settlement as ever . Belief we have plenty , assertion plenty ; and resped is due to all conscientious belief and conscientiou : assertion ; but it does not follow that because a mat sincerely believes in a particular creed , that therefon that creed is ri ght , or that you arc to surrender uj to him your inalienable privilege of jud ging for your , self , ov of permitting him to inflict what you deem at erroneous belief , on your child .
A National Sjstem of Education , to be advantageous to all sects and classes—to be in effect National must strictly exclude all mere dogmatic or theohyica , instruction , and confine itself exclusively to serulas education . Reli gious education falls entirely Vnhii ! the proviuce of the professed teachers of Religion . Ii ought not to be introduced into the National Schools because , in fact , such intrusion must necessaril ; destroy the destructive character of such schools . The teaching of the creed of any particular sect must inevitably exclude from them the children of the conscientious members of all other sects . You makf sectarian , not universal institutions ; and the instruction itself makes bigots , instead of enlightened citizens .
There are , however , those who , admitting the general correctness of this , reasoning , object to National secular schools , on political grounds . They see , upon the Continent , proofs of the manner in which National Education is made subservient to the purposes of despotism , and perverted into an instrument for inflicting mental slavery , and political degradation ; and they fpar tbat the establishment of a system similar in its machinery might tend to the same result in this country . For these objections we have the highest respect . and did we believe that they were valid , should be the last to say one word in defence of a National System of Education ; but it appears to us , after having given the matter the most mature consideration , that they cannot be sustained . The partleB who wge them
I • ! Co Tfca&N** & Corrtsdoiftf Ii & I . . .... . . ,..,...---¦. R I . . .
i ! Co tfca&n ** & CorrtSDoiftf ii & i . . .... . . ,..,.. .--- ¦ . r i . . .
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THE BURGHEAD FISHERMEN . We are & lad to see , by the following communka tion , that the first step in Scotland has been taken to arouse public sympathy ou behalf of the poor Burghead fishermen , so cruelly and unjustly sentenced to transportation , for participation iu the late famine riots in the North of Scotland . It is not in
our power to give our correspondent any information or assistance , beyond the renewal of the offer we wade on a former occasion , to throw our columns open for the benefit of these victims of Scotch law aud aristocratical tyranny , for whom we feel sincere commiseration . We trust that the members of the Glasgow Committee will receive the immediate and efficient aid of their countrymen , in the prosecution of
their praiseworthy enterprise . TO THE EDITOn OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —Knowing that you take an interest in the subject of abused humanity , 1 write for the purpose of learning through you , or any of your readers in the North , the best method et getting into communication with any one , who could and would give any information of the . character atul condition of the
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four fishermen who wereashort timosince sentenced towTen yearn' transportation for taking anactwe part in the late corn riots at Burghead . My reason for requeuing this is , because a committee appointed in this city to use all the Je ^ ai means in their power to pet their punishment mitigated , are desirous of receWinc further informa . tion about them . I wrote to one of the clergymen o ) Burghead about three weeks since , but , as ytt , havtreceived no answrr . If any friends « f the victims will open up ajcorrespondence by addressing as under , prompt attention will be paid to their communication . Your * , truly . Jons W iL « otf , Spcrctary . 23 , Mocre-sfrcet , Glasgow , April 19 , 1847 . - . * _ » »• . * :.- «• . nAn 4 nr . rnA
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t . -V jf ¦ ' ' . ' . ' . ¦ ¦ ^ THE NORTHERN STAfi , April H 1847 "MARTIN . THE FOUNDLING . " CCVMPT . V . TV * !! ~ * ^ ^^ "MARTINTHE FOUKOLIKG " COMPLETE
Just Publish P. Tk * Pm ^-^ • ^^^^- ^^Rr^^^^^^^Mm^^^. ^Emu—Mil Justpoblisued , No. 4, (Pike &U Of : The Labourer, Uonthlj L!A£Fczibe Of P»Litir«, Literature, Poetry, Ac
JUST PUBLISH P . Tk * pM ^^^^ - ^^ rr ^^^^^^^ mm ^^^ . ^ EMU—Mil JUSTPOBLISUED , No . 4 , ( pike &U of : THE LABOURER , Uonthlj l ! a £ fcziBe of P » litir « , literature , Poetry , Ac
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The Factories Bill went through another stage >! t Wednesday ,, after encountering some of the most iisgrauefu i and infamous opposition ever offered in any measure . Without any warning , Mr Hume moved that \ ht report be received that day six months ; aud , after this was negatived , a series of amendments , all move ov less intended to damage the practical value of the measure , were proposed by various opponents , with , happily , the like results , it is evident , however , that the mill-lords and poli-• ieal economists avc determined to fight the battle
• o the last : every manauvre and trick that the forms of I ' arliameut allow will be lesovted to , in the hope that the measure may be so retarded , that its passing iu the House of Lords may be rendered impossible , before the end of the Session . The Chronicle , a few - vecks ago , advised the delegates who had work to go to , that they should return to the country and theiv regular occupations without any fear of undue Parliamentary influence or intrigues , to defeat the measure . Wednesday was a practical commentary on the value and meaning of the advice given ' 7 the honest organ of the rnammonocracy ; and
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 24, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1415/page/4/
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