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TO THE INHABITANTS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND .
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TjE (JKKAffcisi Olii^ iM' hSi iiL.iiii.i»iiim IKTUf! fiLUiiE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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HOLLO WAY'S O . I NTM EKT . Extraordinary Cure of a fJentlem : m rigli tj years of » S > of a *< ry Bud Lvg . Extract cf a LeVrr . 4 * tcd . " axmundham . l 8 f /» JaavL-trv , IS 47 .
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lMPORTAAT TO FAMILIES . THE POPULAR REJinDF . A mild s . fe , acd most eifectu . 1 cure r . f Indig estion , Bikoa < . l-iver , and ^ touwci . Ot = ur ,. laiiit > . Sick Hc : » Uichc fottrenrss , &c , &c . Th . ir c .,:: ' i ; o ^ iti ,,:, is truiv ex . el lent ; U « ya'ecompnundeileiitircivtii ' vrjjctal ^ t' i > V < 4 liict-&ee-l from ail irritating ami delt-ierimi * mautr- wh ' n-irender th « ro'is : ra' . i .. n miH ami : i » reoable ; th « - \ , i ,-. i , 0 ) require the Uast onfijienuat < ir nlt-.-rnsiim . fdiet- « m-i may ! e taken by tlie invalid v . iiii perfect safety- as an opeasional dose iu ail nerv .: s uui dtb : ! itat-. i c-u-e * rec » t . Terieslrom protracted . lise ^ ses , ic , they will be ' found tajalj- vam iblc . imparting vigour and loue to the sjgiem when emuciuted bv disease . '
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IMPJKTA . VT TO MAXY . RgES * COMPOUND E . < S « iXCB OP CCBHB 3 . —Thimost gj « edy and envctun ! remtdy ever discovered for tho cure -jf dis har . irs , ulerts , stricmres . weaUntBB whiU-F , pains in the l < uiis and kidnvys , heat irrit ^ tiun , ¦ and gravel , frequently reaiovinKevfrj'Vyiiijit .-m of dist-astin four oays eumetimes sooner . It rontaiiis iu a coiicentrtted state all the rfneaci' -u * parts < . f tlie Culieb con : bincd wi ' . h tiie sa ! t < if sarsaparil ! - ' : aa-i otlier rhoice alterstires , which mnke it invaluabl- fur eradicating all impu ritira from the blood , preventing secmilar- bmptomr alJiBE cJT of the hair , blofehes . Ac . j . nd gsvina strei : tt . > d entrr ; to the whole system - It d . n-u not ctmtain mi-r cur » in any form , and may be taken b y the most delicate at % « al £ iy t . f either sex with perfect saf-tv . as well as becctit to thrir jjemral health . In Ml casts " of dvbliitv i : has beta found i . f the irrcatest utility .
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CArttlK ItEiMEn t > f TUE DAMCE WlLUUHKS , CUrcd vt a Dreadful .-icorbune complaint by Holltiway ' s Ointme 5 : t : ind K « 5 r . —In this astoufcfcinx ' aisc tlie whole of tinbody and ls ^ -s were covered with lum . is nearly the size of toi . quiu beaux , and had been so for the la > t three years . buri- ««« c v > relate , tliis tw .-iblc dis a « cmnpltteiy dis-« pp-ared from the sjsiem in tbe course of a Jinnth , bv haviiwlarge « ju : mtiti .-s < f the Oiutmcnt well rubbed in ev 4 syB ! ffht . inuiiioniiii . , and tikimt thcpiilsiin copious dosri « . Tjia cure is known to many ropectabie people , stUfc * ess « : l w « s uischar ginj her car ^ -o iu the Thames ? oly atuul a fursaifiht since .
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tiwv . vi »' i <*' " si i ' tt . i . Vr ue . ALi . il . - Pries is 1 Jd per box . O 1 HIS cscellent Family PILI , is a ' Mediclna of lone-tried I efficacy forcorrectiiij ? all disorders o : the Stomach md Bowels , tlio common symptoms of which are i osti . mcM . Flatukncy . Spasms , Loss of Appetite , Sick Head , e ! , c . GddineBs , Sense of Fulness aft r meals , Wwntss .. ah 8 Eye S ) nroWsmessHti 4 Pains in theSfmcb and : iowels : InitopMiMi . prudoriw a Torpid state of th f . lU-r , and a cons quent Inactirily of ti . e Bowels , causing . ; d » on » u » mm .-f every flmt . U un of tl . o frame wUl . in lusm ^ t escelknt prqwntiim , by a little peiKKranee . « w li- SL 1 Stw 5 F : aV"e ; llt « y 3 " til > n "ft" 15 « ver , f n-tll . , ^ c " ^ vdt - ra P uH > " »¦««• V « w ; and instead trcu ^ l r ^ - " - " ^ ' , l > ain- ¦«« JauwJifMl appearance . . » f ^ , ? , ' rmKmA Heulth . will be the quick £ «?« , ¦ I ! S Ui ;* llled «™« e , according to the directions accompanymg each liox .
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S THE OOSOK ALEI ) CAUSE OF CONSTITUTIONAL 11 ACQDlUfil ) EBILITIES OF THE GENEUATIVE SYSTEM . Jun fubUshed , * new andi snp « rtantEni : i < m o ! the Silent FWeiid oa HtitwHi Frailty . rice 2 s . 6 d ., and sent free w " y part of tho United Rinpdosn on the receipt of a Post Ofitoe Order for 3 s . 6 d . \ MEDICAL WOKK on tho INFIRMITIES of the OE SSUATIVE SYSTEM , in both sese *; beir . K an an liry aito the concealed cause that destroys phy : ; ira aer . 'v , an = ! tie ability of mnnhnnd , ere vijcuur has eRta " Uthcd her empire : —with Observation ! on tho bancfu ^ ects of SOLITARY INDULGENCE and INFECTION
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SLEW . —The P < jft Young says , " Sleep is great N < Kure '» > ccond course—the balm of hurt minds . " JoIiiihoii sayg , " It is Hie parenthesis of hum ^ n woe . " Sleep being Urns iipjireciated by mankind , how desirrus ought we to be that all should tranquilly enjoy tweet repuse , " tho ¦ , 'tncr il obstruction U ivhu-h is throuuh an unhealthy action of tho liver or other viscera . A little attvntiun to the '' younj disease , " by having recourse to a mild aperient , oftsn prmluces tiie mo ^ t salutary effeet , and for such purpose Praraptyn ' s Pill of Health stands ptvniincnt in public opinion .
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GOUT ! GOUT !! GOUT ! it . The Keui Specifi * RUcnted Medicine for Goat Patronised by the Faculty , A ' oWKfy and Gentry , &c TIIE Discoverer of this Invaluable Specific has , after grout study and research , proved , bv faet »> that this Gmit Aiixture is the only emYient remed y yet discovered fwrthat excruciating disorder-the expensive pills and mixtures , daily putted off , having proved a complete failure . This medicine chims a two fold gui-erinriCv ov < jr cver v otlie ' yet produced for the public good ; a . certainty of cure , aud a re-establishment of health , in « few days at a tnflng expense . No particular restnciions a .-e ncces-.- ¦ ary , the principal action of the medicine buing confined to the Nerves , Muscles , and Tendons , and promoting a free circulation of the bl « od ; and it must lie cotv < oi . itory to those iifllicted with Gout to bo assured that it possesses the medical powers of piw . ntiuj , ' the . ( list : ; iBO flviug to the stomach , brain , or any vital part , and also prevents fits . It is thus recommended to the afflicted with a confidence arising from experience , as one of the must valuable results of the improved state of Medical Science , and the only certain and safe remedy yet discovered for this painful disorder .
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Fe'low Countrymen , —The condition of our country at the present time i * one which even the most callous cannot look upon with inilifforence , but to the tiNimhtful mind , —tho mind that Ims observed a similar state nf thi ngs in years gone by and contemplates their re-ncenrren ; e . Again , two question * naturally arise , are these things natural , or brought "bout by leuisl . itive si-lfisbness and the misgovernment of the affairs of this empire ? The latter is unquestiotihlily t-- c fact . The whole luntm-y ot p ; an proves that they who have toifed . f ought , II-d and died for " property , " " country , " dtc . have but done an merely for the bcn < fit nf others . What liavu the splendid acliievements and improvement" in rnao . hin . iTy done for the ereat b » dy of the ucouIp . ? Given them more labour
for less viHtw . There are pnvcrlooin weavers weaving 400 yards of calico cloth weekly , who can unrdlv hny thpnuelves a shirt in the course of a y ! w ! Which of vim can look buck to the ' 20 and ' 27 , ' 38 and ' 39 . and ' 42 , with calmness , seeing Iwwnear the ijrf . ai-nt state of thins * approaches those learful times ? Tho history of cuttim spinning presents > easons of prosperity with quick successions of depression . and the mootdese'vin " , because the most in tri'ius hare aiwarn suffered most . Is it not the duty of the rich man as well a * the poor , to prevent if pus - s-ble . a recurrence of scenes so disastrous ? Is it not thedutr of every ma > to-make t ! ie lands of any country as fertile and productive as possib : e , so that we may b . \ cnahled t «« protluc . the h ' rat necessaries of jje iu nl mndance , thus nuking us independent of fMsner ? for fond . etienuraaiHj ; our homo market for mmnfacturers . » nd keeping tue all miqhty bul-Iwn in our own country .
Is it not the duty of all to promote the extinction of pauperism . tUatcursear-ddissraeeto England ! Should not the industrious workman , deprived oi ' cmployinent by the introduction of new iuventious in macliinery . his prnvidid wiih employment ou the land , so that he might become a useful and h ; ippv P ' niliicer . insteail of an unwillii . u and miserable idler ? Assuredly these thing * . should be . But how are these l '" v f ; t '» " 0 done . ? By carrying « mt the scheme of Jhe National Laml Company and Labou > - Bank . For the lawer . thu I ; ir j cf ami thu huiliiinjis of tli <> . Lard C-nipany will ha far better M-nurity han all the other oar . kson thofaenuf Jheranh can hoist « f
History furnishes us wiih a Small Farm Systern . ! ar interior m that » f tliii Chartist Land Company , namely—that of Lvcm-gus the- Spartan Law . giver ; audjor fivi-. hundred years , while the Spartans clung to their sm . iH allotmems , th « y ' were . wppy . bidiiine defiance alike to domestic traitor aim invadinu foe . However we may appeal to the sympathies and reasons of the . rich and powerful , it must never be t'irgo ten that the redewiition of Labour from the thral . iom of Capital mi'stbi- br-wylit about mainly Uv the people tbemse ve » . The united pe ? co nf millions will outweigh the pounds of the biimlreds . Suppose the vaj .. of an allutment to be £ 200 , and suppose that 16 , 000 members pay annually threepence per week , tiiis will locate one per week , or fifty-two per j ear ; douUetuo sum paid in , to & \ per vwk . ami you loea-e one hundred and four annually ; pay 1 * per week and yo « lucata two hundred and oisrht annually .
When we look at thirty millions if pounds of sterling money invest-d in Savinus Batik * , which enables the Chiini-iiNir « f tin- Exchequer to prop up a tattering and unjust svwum of aiwiety ; to pay serret service nmm-y to hiu . d j-pi .-i- ; to pay armu-H , n : ivie . « , and all the pxpflnsivo pri . ps and t < mls of onpressiim ; can we notice the whip we put into our tyrants' hands , to scourge us from tliu cividto to the arave . Lot all such monej be withdrawn by working men ( if they can yet it . ) ami invested in Labour ' s Bank , tn 1 'icatc man on the soil , and make our
country teem with abundiiivo , and a " free , happy , contented and patriotic people . We di > most emphatically call upon all classes of society , but moro especially the work ! " ! . ' classes , to forwa ' id the plans laid down by Mr O'Connor , and t ' : e Oirectnranf the L « nd Company , sn that hundreds , nay thousands , may be snatched from overcrowded cities , and an overcrowded labour market , to enj -y the free air of heaven , and labour fur himself on a freii soil ; where , in th « laninnsie of scripture , every man may "Sit under his own vine and fig tree , none daring to make him a ' raiil "
Si « n < 'd sn behalf of the Ashton-under-Lyuc Branch of the National Land Company . Iamks MacGu : knbx . Chairman , Jamks L ' crktt . Ciriespimdinit Soc .
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THE LAND PLAN AND THE POPULATION QUESTION . Of the varioui questions in political and social economy which have engaged the attention of thinking men during the last century , perhaps none hare elicited such warring opinions as that which relate to tho laws of population . Malthus says that there is a natural law by which mankind has a tendency to increase . in the geometrical progression , while his means of subsistence can only be made to increase in a concurrent arithmetical progression . In other words ; that . mankind increases in a seomctrical series of 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 32 , 01 , 128 . whilst food only increases in an arithmetical scries of 1 , 2 , 3 , L 5 . 6 . 7 , 8 . From these premises the Malthusian economists
deduce the conclusion that war , famine , poverty , disease , and intemperance , are necessary evils ordained as a preventive against an undue increase of population . If we admit these glootnv dogmas , then farewell to our fondly cherished schemes for the amelioration of the condition of the human race—if Irish famin-s and Mexican wars , the potato Wight and the malaria of typhus , be the agents of Providence , then must our visions of the future vanish into nothingour Utopia recede from our view , like the mirageraised waters in the desert before the gaze of the weary traveller . But happily for our faith in prnero = s , there are no protimls for the startling and hideous doctrines of Malthus ; on the contrary , it can be proved by irrefutable arguments that population does not increase
in a geometrical pnsressioii , thntthemeans of subsistence increase in more than arithmetical progression , and tha' poverty i « not a check upon , bu' rather an incentive to . the increase of population . It appears from the veturns of the census , that the population of England and Wales hna progressively increased , with the exception of the year 1710 , but by no means in a regular ratio , and very far trom being in a geometrical prosvf gsjon . But even admitting this to be the raw , there is not a singlo fact , nor the faintest semblance of a fact , to bear out the aburd and ridiculous doirma , that the supnly of fond only increases in an arithmetical progression . All the s"UrceB of human subsistence increase far more rapidly than in geometrical progression The powvr of multiplication in
nearly all the animals used as fond , infinitely exceed thatofman ; and whit is true of the animal kingdom , is no less of the vecetable world . In the Philosophical Transactions for 1708 , an experiment is detailed . , which fully confirms this position ; by separating tho roots obtained from a single grain of wheat , apd transplanting them , it was made to yield 500 000 grains . Similar experiments made by Lovl Kcnyon's steward , in 1817 , and by Mr Palmer of Clieam . in 1845 , resulted in lil-e proofs of tlio powers of the soil . Dees not science advance in a geometrical ratio ? And have not the powers of the soil been doubled by tho appliration of chemistry to agricultural purposes ? Agricultural chemUtry U yet in ita infancy , and nonexan predict the advantages which may result from its extended application .
I now come to the third of Mr Malthus' dnemas . and ^ ho m ost ahho rent to human nature : I mean the influence of poverty upon the increase of population ; The doctrine that vice and misery ore necessary to confine the ponulation within the means of 9 iib 3 istt ! n « e , lwa served to prop up the present system o error , and todamp the a pirationsof the disciples of Gnoilwin and Owen , and all . who pant after a higher and happier state of existence than the anomalous antagonistic present . But it is now proved by incontestibh ) statistical evidence , that the mortality occasionedamongadults by poverty and intemperance , does not cheek , hut rather stimulates the undue increase of population . Its principal effect consists in substituting ft young and weakly population , for one
fairly proportioned . In those places wbero deaths arc fewest , and the average duration of life longest . there also occurs the smallest number of births . I may refer to Ireland , the most pauperised and degraded country in Eunice , and there we fiid that the population has doubled in forty-five years , while that of Kng ' and has doubled only in seventy years , and Scotland in an hundred years . 0 ' ; the other hand , we find that in Norway and Switzerland , where the people generally enjoy a greater amount of prosperity than in most other parts of Euiope , th ? re the population remains nearly stationary . Tho effects of poverty and misery upon human life is well illustrated , bv the following table of the averaee duration of life in the three classes of gentry , tradesmen , and labourers , artizan . & <;
;—Idle Cl . Trailing Cl , Working Cl . Kunflal . „ 45 39 3 t Truro ... 40 33 28 Kensington ... 44 29 2 G Bath ... ... 55 37 25 Strand , London 43 33 24 Whitechap ?! ,.. 45 27 22 Derby ... 49 38 21 Leeds 44 27 19 B-lion , „ 3 t 23 18 Bcclinall-grcen 45 26 1 G Liverpool .. 35 22 15 The city of Geneva is said to be the onl y one in Europe in which there is an early and complete set of registers of marriages , births , and deaths . From those r . gistriea it appears that the proeresB of ponulation , and the average duration of Human life , have been as follow- : —
Year Population , Average Dura tion of Life . K > 89 ... 13 . 000 ... ... 8 1 « 98 ... 1 C 934 ... .. 13 1711 ... 18 500 ... ... 27 Wl ... 20 781 28 1755 ... 21 . 816 30 1781 ' ... 24 810 ... ... B 3 1785 ... 25 500 ... ... 3 G 1789 ... 26 . 140 39
1812 ... 24 . 158 40 1828 . ... 26 m 42-1834 ... 27 . 177 45 _ The gradual amelioration of the social condition of the Gcncvese had increased the average duration of human life ; the proportion of births was reduced , but ureatcr numbers of the children boro w re preserved , and tlio proportion of the adult nopuluiiou became greater . In the early and barbarous period * , the excessive mortality was accompanied by an extraordinary fecundity , as we see it now
in Ireland . In the laat ten years of the seventeenth century , each nv-irriugK produced on an average five children , the- 'average duration of life was under tweuty years , and Geneva had scarcely 17 , 000 inhatiilants . Towards the end of tho e ' uhteenth century the average number of children to a marriage wa < three , and the duration of life averaged thirty-tpo years At the present time th << avenue births -o a marriage scarcely exceeds two , the average duratiou of life is forty-live yearn and Geneva contain !* a population exceeding 27 000 . In 1830 the births barely replaced thu dealis , and tlie population became stationary . -
1 he preceding facts and statistics present us with a new la " w of population , not dreamed of in the philosohby of the M iltiiusian economists . It shows beyond tho possibility of a doubt ., that poverty does not check thu increase of population , but rather acts as an incentive ; and that , as the comliiion of the people becomi b more and mere ameliorated , births will lie fewer , and the average duration of life greater . Remnvy the working population from the dara and typhus jjeneratins court > and lanes of our crowded towns , and from the physical and moral miasma of the fiietory-hell , and place them in cottaut-alike thi » e I a ely had the pleasure of seeing
at O'Connorviliu . : md instead of tho present rapid incrtwe of population , lirtlis will be fewer , and , instead of thousands bcin . ' brought-into the world to prrNh in sixteen years—the averane ( luratimi of lip .-in lietbnulgi-cen—the average will be rai > cd to sixty . ' ^ Population would then increase gradually until it attained the maximum of means for its bubsistence , when it would become stationary , the births would only replace the deaths , life would he prolonged to an extent which it is now imposiible to predict , anu the earth would become a Paradise of peace , happiness , and love . Thomas Fhost .
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Kxmai ; iubi . e Cikcfmstanck . —As the children of a gentleman , raiding at Lnrse , were plating along the beach near that town , th « -ir a'tention wa . ' attracted to the nvi-k of a bottle projecting out of the snml ; and . upon its bring uncorked , a document was found inside , ot which iIip following is a verb ttim copy : " ^ eptember 1 , 1843 —1 , Willinm Cnrsun , ' was born iu a Mnall tishine vitla » o in Coruwall * When 15 I , went to > ca . contraiy to the wishes of ray parents . Whilst nuking Otaheito , we ran upon a coral reef . The boats were staved , and I aiono escaped to land . Let tuwe wliH fi " . d this short account , try , for God ' s snko , to free a poor wretch who has no w been iu banishment three years . "— Cornwall Gazette .
Moiimon Colony in Caufuknia . —The " St Louis _ Union" ot 4 'h May , states that the advent of the ' Mormon Battalion , California , has been followed by the publication ofap > tpcrat Yerlu Buena , in which , the ( loctriiii'S of ihe lattir day » aints are promulgated . The successful march of this battalion shows the skill of its commander iu overcoming tlio most ! formid-itile nt » dm ; lc : « on thu route . The distance froKi Stuita V 6 is about 1 , 100 mile * , and tho march wu » made ti > roush mountains and over deserts . where f"r daysimiiher ( oodor w . iter for tho men , nor torauesfm mulct and lior-cs cuuld be . procured . Tlio , battalion wns c-. ompnsed of intantry companies . The \ snain liwly <> t the exiled Mormons i » still on the plains \ near Council Bluffs , and north of Missouri . They ) iavc guliWed great privaliuns during the winter , . iiid the l . cwsof'thesafearii y alof thoir brethren in IJiilitornia will increnso their tftsiro to nsuino their journey westward . "
; UtJUTABtAS b . iciKTY . —Hall of Scioneo , Citv-i-osd . j On Sunday evening uoxt , Juno Cih . Mr Luke ' liurke ; will deliver a teetnro ilrnmiurrating the txistenco , ,. f a God , upon nurel ; fihihiMipbUMa urincip >« 8 . To ! commence at hall-past 7 o ' ckick , | Sommiiing UR 6 k JJcAitctu .- " A TrftTfliler " in- Ifenro !» , hai bein « a « ew uay « a « not Trouhrofee t ( Wilt > hire , ) i-e Jouu-1 arual scarmty exiatio <^ in Vuat i town ; PiwdMot bciog procurable » uoy ^ vice . ;
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AN ENGL&lf LIFE . - \ ( From The Labourer , Chartist Magazine , farJTuno . ) -In a pleasant little country village in the Kortii ; or England lived a family of the name of Stedwan , consisting of an elderly couple arid tneir two surviving children , of whom the eldest was but eighteen , and tho youngest a blooming little girl of seven . They were a happy familv ; at least w happy as time and circumstances would allow—but the parent * were growing old—and the younger child yet too yotine to take its place either in the factory or the Held . Stedmnn rented a few acies of land from a nohle lord in the vicinity ; he had taken it , a waste overgrown .
with thistles—it was now a garden , rich in the best produce ' of tho earth , for tlie strength of the old man had ken put into the soil;—the fiirr .. w ? of his farm had grown more rich , as the furrows on his face grow dcoper , and his rent had been proportionally raised from a few ^ hillings to two pounds an acre . He thus paid dearly for the privilege of improving another man ' s property ; but , notwithstanding , be contrived to make ends meet , and tmtiporti d himself and his family in comparative comfort . When , however , his landlord found that the old man ' s strength began to fail , and \ m children were too young to replace him , he began to look round foranother tenant , and one dav Stedman and his familv received notice
to quit , and in dup course of time wandered out into the world from their familhr fireside , their pleasant cottage , and their pretty garden . Long and linger insr wero the looks they cast on their once happy lmme . It was a bright day of Spring—the trees were green and tho birds were sjnaini . ' , the air had that indescribable freshness which thrills though the frame and makes confinement a torture , as they progressed to the nearest factory town ; for Stodman could not get employment in I ) is village as a labourer , —he was too old ; his children could not earn wages enough for their support , they were too young ; but rumour had told them « f the hlessinys of a factory-life : at least , the gates of Moloch were evi r open to receive young children , —and worn , weary , and dispirited , they passed the steamins threshold of his 'emi'h . Tlie child grew still and mournful as
it left the fresh green fields far behind , and the hot , rlammyair sf the factory town came reeking around . The young soon found employment ( for at that time the labour market was not so overstocked as now , ) but the a » cd were driven baek to wail ani starve on the brink of their graves . For a while the children pu ppnrtf d their parents , but the heart-broken couple saw with agony how their darlings lost their health and p pirits day by day ; the fresh , full-blooming cheek prew thin , flaccid and hagsard ; the eye list leas , and the voico hoarse and stranue . Bnt . more than thiM , their very nature had changed—they had been good , industrious , and obedient children ; ' now , constant toil , harsh treatment , and nhug » had soured their youn « hearts ; they grew complaining and fretful , listless and indolent ; theeducatien of tyranny wasdemoralisine thegond , and adding fresh slaughter to the army of the innocents .
A * ter a time trade grew worso—that is , wnrae for tlio poor and better for the rich—profits became larger , wages became less ; the pittance of the children scarcely sufficed for ' . heir own support , and the poor old coui > le were obliged to seek parish re lief : it was nut-door relief at first . Stedman and his wife were of industrious habits , bnt they had not been able to obtain work themselves ; now , it chanced that the mother , who was a good workwoman , received an order from a charitable lady to knit s-me stockings for her children . As soon ' as the parish authorities found this , they deprived her of two loaves per week , aMd a part of her pittance , as though dreadjng to see industry ' s endeavour to emancipate itself from thraldom . Again , the eldest son got a
little better employment , and hastcncl to relieve his pooi'nld mother ; and for this a further re-loction was made , ro that tho woman was a loser by thfi goodni-s * of her child . Thus authority encourages the domestic affi ctions ! At length , Stedman snd hi « wifi- were reduced to the last extremity , and they suffered much before they would go to the bastile ; for they had always lived together , and they loved ea ' h other d « arly . They were unable to pay the rent owing for their miserable corner in a garret , and thus one evening late , they wandered houseless through the streets . The police stopped them . abu « ed them , arraigned them ; boys gathered around ; the magnanimous guardians of the peace beat the children , and then dragged the aeed couple , to the
station-house , guilty of the unpardonable crime of 1 beim ; top poor to pay for shelter ! The Union was now their only refuse ; but even the Uni » n would not receive them : they had not won a settlement , and ' they were passed from parish to parish , their old < bones clatterine over the pavement , as they wf re I jolted a'one—till at lei gth t = e jaws of a bastile opened npon them ; the companions of many years were torn from each other , and each went and died in a separate prison , amid the brutal insults , the blows , nnd tho starvation of the Poor-Law . Perchance on their death-bads they may have thought of ' thcii- cottage home—those distant acres—and the rental the landlord was now receiving out of the best years of their hootle ? s lives . i
Meanwhile despair was doing its work on their or phan children . The very affections of their hearts were blunted by their misery—their parents were no more—themselves were i : eing murdered visibly ; and thus th ^ y w .. rked sullenly , selfUhly and callously , without hope , and therefore without one monitor to virtue . Bad example , too , was ar » nnd them ; no one was rewarded for being good . We have seen how the ver > law crushed every attempt at industry and thrift ; how it placed barriers in the wa * of redemption—that law placed no barriers in the nay of drnnkCMnesg and dissipation . The gin-palaces were ooenall around . The weekly dole would not supply nourMiinp food ; the weakened stomach was even unable to digest . ? who ' esnmn meal . The wage sufficed
to buy drink tostay the sinking frame—to torget—to drown thought— -what wonder that a man should grow a drunkard ? Young harry Stedman sunk into the snare ; bur , disgusted with himself and with the world—easier for anything to aain redemption—nne luckier mnrnin - be i-nli » ted in a regiment , ordered on immediate service to the East lilies . Doring hN stay in the factory town , he had become deeply attached to a young girl , an «> rphan like himself , wh » preserved the ingenuousness of her character in the midst of contamination , and whoso pristine beauty was rendered more interesting by the sorrowful magic of privation and failing health . " It was owing to this love that a latent wrgy still burnt in his heart ; the recruitint ; vcrjeant told him of glory and gold to b
gained in the army , and , with that delusive hope , he left bis cuuntry " 1 will return , Mary , " he cried , " my own , own love ! I will return rich enough to marry you , and we will buy a few acres , and build a anim little nest tor ourselves and . " The drums rolled , the fifes played—farewell and away !—what have the poor to do with love or hope ? Fivo years after the above scene a miserable cripple , clothed in rags , was beheld entering the straggling outskirts of a factory town . He hud lost a leg and ruined his health in his " country ' s servite , " and now he returned , hopeless and pensionless , for he had gamed the ill-wiij of his acrjeant , hy not becoming his slave and screening his delinquencies , and therefore
had been flnaged within an inch of his lift ' , and diamissed from the service with isnom'iny , for presuming to bo moro honest than his ' supenors . Here , then , was the happy bridegroom come to claim his bride . Yes ; he found her grave in tho parish churcl .-yard . Her health had declined more visibly after his departure , for mental Buffering ; was added to bodily weakness . She lost her work ; she had no friends ; and she too . for a tiiiie , was martyred in the bnstile . The little strength and hopeshe still possess- d was brutally trodden out of her gentle heart , and that sweet-, kind , nob'e girl was cast , like w rthlesH du 3 t , without the common sem-¦ bl anw of respect , trom the workhou .-. e kennel to the puri-licharnei house .
Lliis-strvant of thy " country !" -man , who hast foiishr . and bled for thy " sovereign ! " this is what thy '" Queen and country" in thine absence did to her th'iii dutst confide- to their care , to her who was dearer , far dearer to thy heart than life itself . And the blontninglittieMater , that once played and laughed upon thy knee , what is she ?—where is she ? —a prostitute , upon a death-pallet ! And blame her not ! Under a god form of society , she wou'd have been a virrunu * wife aod a haj > j > y mother ; but slurvatioti visitt d her : then came the tempter , for she was beautiful ' . G ild was t . ff red in the moment of keen hunger ; love was vowed in the hour of woman ' s
wcaknf s»—the spoiler triumphed—then spurned her ! She was driven from his mill because she dared to complain ! she wan hunted from the neighbourhood ! Even the chance of redemption was thus refused her —she was forced upon tlio streets , and the bruised j flower w , i » crushed for ever , and , like a worthier j weed , thrown to perish amid corruption . The maimed cripple stood by her side—he lingered by U ) e grave ol ! his beloved—ho saw the rich man ' s chariot ro line past tho church-yard—he heard the bell tfounding to evening service auA the sleek parsoa driviuu to church-he beheld the bayonets glitkrin the barracksard—earth-Bitk h » turned to heaven—and laid dwwo to die !
1 his is what the land , the loom and . the bavoiwt achieve for an Englishman ! Is tha picture W charged ? We defy any one to assert it ! It ia the daily result of m » r . ¦ rial state ! Be nappy , wm-kinc mart ; be proudofyoiir " sl . riou » eoaHfct tttion .. Tim w the true picture of English Life .
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lloRRinw Casb op Selshmutiu twn — Police-ron stable Meadow * . OS B , discover ^ TmhrTt 3 £ residing ^ 22 . ft-een-rtwet , B * jmpton . lying at the come * . * that street , wnllowiny in blood . IIu was wmnewiciy removed , to ilw hospital in a senseless » iU « . where , upon examijts tion , it was discovered that he had frightfully mu ' . ilated a part of his person v lib . h Hharp inatynment , No reason can be a » sigDcd tor the act , which was committed at the man ' s own rt'sidein ; . . . . The unfortunate man is lying in a hopeloss condition . A correspondent of the Times proposes that fhe tbur of th « how . chesnut should be used for thcatif-. fening of calico , Ac , instead of flour obtained from wueuti
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A DONK EYS BrI ^^ A frisnd has forwarded" ^ ,, . Pftn , „ jfey . containing the folK n ?/ !«•• - % * . » f the l ongedewMHonaJJ , >{? *** W Spii 8 nr . -Clnr . J 8 m LMtan » J ^ MKr " Town Hall on the , „„ , ^ * " ««< d " Wedne 6 daythe Ihh . on th ,, SoZT ? lh (! »» . ! u * scheme , or , a « it fa cn Pn » aiinu ., y "'? ' « nd ^} i Land Society , " i ,, a Mr Clarfc V H ' ho "V " l mercenaries who are .: nde » v ,, > rin " u ° r . th < ' « iti ^ pretCnco , of pr . vidhig » hHppv " £ «»** « . , „> dustry . ' -to excite tho mlndi of "I ? | . i , fw ho ^ > against tho otlier * , to shake their o ,, nRj i k * d « tlonalin 8 tltuti «» »„( . » o scatter 2 , nCl ! in C ' arrow ^ nd death . " The I-cture J ^ Z ^ t whICh w « prof .. flSKdl y to explain the B **«« # operation * of tho Churtut ncheme for , „ nc ' « ifl cnsl < t-d mainly of an artful , t , ^ ' \ | , J Banks , thu leciurer alf ^ in )? that thev " « ib ,. positori no vali . l aecurit , forthvlr ca » h . h , lf M , ' «• E statements put forth wore at the timg Lm , Sktu by the assemble bMn 4 « of Chartist , * % I I W » w 2 they faded of pr ..
ttoUpmtdMtmntrt thr u * evemn-ZT " «» the pretence of explain ? the prP ^ , ' L , ' ] ' "' « ler I mentary Repr-oentation thearhtKraey L et , I ^ 'U-I theoxcUntxntitulion , ofihecountry , we nJt ' A of indecent jest or mmd-ietous viiupetation u ^ 1 bfenH « ui . j cr of inq , lliy amm (( f ' '' »« M , J nf the town . h .. w itMme to p ,- * tln . r , h 5 "" « hanging a , ita - oHtt a «* kna . » not | e « CJ ? H \ f .. r hi- » > l-kn . » . i det * rmi .. ati .. n f . Cllh ., Woi M great inteniftfirhioli hav , lnn K h ? e ,, th « Mtj ? > i the uation than tor thB Hberalty o » his n . liti , T Hi ment ! ., could for two , nrraMWe ni ^ J ^ "" **! . ^ Wic mart of , edit ! , * a « rf blayheny . U h hm ^ will be . lnrnsbrfmv another emiMtian of a . iJJ' '' rac-ter be allowe . l t « i t 8 k « phre , f clia - The friend who f-r ^ arded the atmfyrd ih air sent therewith 'he Wlowine remarks- * - " Havinsj recently hard Mr Thomas Clark . v , deliv « mltwoiHeiurc * in the Town Hal | „ S'J £
one upon up Cooperative Land Plan , and the oth 1 upon Parliamentary ReprC g Bntotinn , i WM ** mtiBrd with th ;> m . « nd I daresay that the worki class who were th . ; re w-re much gratififio also , fOr havesincehea nUnmeofthemsay . thattheycouldhJ , Rat altniehi to hear him , and th : » t they sVuM I b hear him again or a .. v other of th . Charts , . 'i ° rtere appears to be a great desire anwn «» tlh '' 2 ing class ?? tor th «^ enmins ? of Mr fl » P «« * "c"f > rK , them . Well therebyZS"Vl £ Tn which they had never been accustom *! Z X p Liberty and Freedom a-. SpiLly ? are Z a L ^ have been entire strangereto : thev have aiiS tl cSVower ' . " 11116 " ° Pr ° ' --4 SiS
What would become of to \ % Z £ S ! fe " the " greatinterests" and " ancient initkn . should Mr O'Connor visit SniSv wJJS
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THE TEN HOURS BILL . On Wednesday a meetins of the parliamentary nmmntHnmfthe Ten Ilior * ' Bill was held at tS King ' s Arms Hotel . New Palacnyard . fort ' enu po ; e of cngratnlating the working classes on tha 8 Ui cess nt their labniira , and also to ur « e them to make good use of ( he time which the passipe < , f th » bill would nfford tliem . The Right Hon . the Ud Ashley pressed , and there wert- present the Earl of Ellesmere Lord F"vpr . sham , and Mr Fielden . The Nohle Chairman in opening the pr /« r «> linn cnncratulated the delegates from the nnnufaoturinir districts on themicoewiful tpimin ? . tinn of their labors ' Hc 8 nid the 1 st o ! June , 1847 , wou'd he . lone renipmi herrd , and he heli > -ved the v ctory that h ; td heer aceompHshs-d would ho haiuleri down liy hii-tnrians aj one of the greatest , event of lecislation . They had obtained a bloodless victory , but on « wlii . h would carry freedom and contentment into the cutla' -eaof thon ^ nnds of industrious ooor . "
¦ Mr Thomas Pott , debate from Ashton-under-Lyne moved the tollosins resolution : That we nre (" n'vply thnnkhil to Almi . Khu Guri fn r th « bucccbr wJiich has on b > 1 occasion * attended our effort-. in this sacred eau « e , ! . nd tspecially for ibe final result of all our labours , br which the worliinK classi'S are now put io poise'ston nf their long-sought-for meaBiire—the Ten Hours' Bill . Mr J' > un Brkwrr , nf Rolton , seconded the motion which was nnanimnusW adopted . ' t The Earl nf Klmenmkrk said lie very much rejoiced in tho event which bid brought thrm tosetlier , as did also many of tin- Peers who lvwl taken an in . tere < tinthe Bill , and h <> belii-ved th . it noihin ? would eive them so much pleasure , as he was sure it < M hinrelf , than to know tha - tlie leistre time afforded by the . Bill wmilH ba turnrd to ..-cod account by the wirkinsr population . The noble earl then moved the Pillowing resolution , which was carried unanimously : —
That the Kreat object ' of all our labour ? wa « to . obtain leisure time , bj whu-ta iticTi-a »( " \ opportunity" miiditbe afforded for extending nn > on ? st the t « ctory populHtion themennoofmen « al and moral improvpmpiit , which cb . jt-et hnvinir bi en oci-omplished , this meetinir strongly urges the factory workers seriously to conMd . r how the time 'hus nffordi d th- m cun be best empio , ve > l for carry , inu out those ol-jerts which the promoters of the Bill in both Il-uses of Parliament had in * i « w . Mr Fi LDsvR-eonded the motion . Lord Favkr ^ um saW that one of the most import antotyVct 8 nowtn be accomplished was to extend t < the female part of the factory workers the blessingi which it was intended by ( his Act if should convey They were , he regretted to say , a class v *< ry muni noirleotfd . It was , therefore . " very desirable , vb » i evrythine should be done that could be done t <
enouraue an improvement in the dnnvstie » m mo--al habi t * of the females of the mar'iifiicturiti ! districts . FIir Lordship then moved . " That tin most important consideration now for all phi antliro puts is . how t <» extend the advantages which it i he ' ieved will result from this Actaramitfst thefenmli factory workers , and how to encnuraue them inthi promotion and imjmivementlof their dome * tie . \ n \\\ i more especially the younger branch * s of this class u workers , and in all niora ' " , reli ious , aiid intfllectua aeqnirements . by which alone they can befitted t brewne the mothers of the future generations of thi mighty nation . " Mr . Jm > N Mills , tho dVIegate from Oldham , se conded the resolution , which were carried una nimously .
Mr . James Mills moved , and Mr . Thim Maiybslkt seconded the following resolutions , whin was carried with applause : — " That the most graU fill thanks ot the defecates , and of the workms classes generally , are dae to the Earr of Ellesmei anH I , « rd F vershara , fir the mannerin whieh the r ^ oblvraen condorte t&e Bill 'hmiigli the House Lor / ls , and to Mr . FielHen , Mr . Brorft » Tton , and M Aclionbv , for the zeal and perseverance they di Hayed in carrying it safely through the Ilouse Commons "
The Eahlof Ellssmehk then m ^ ved the follnwii rc 8 oluti » n . which was seconded hv Baffd Faversb ^ supported by Mp . Fieldin ? , and earned u-a niouxly : — " That the noblemen nnd gentlemen > temltng this meeting who had charae nf the Bill both Howes , canaot separate without expresdi their th-mks to , and approhati-nxtf . the conduci ? the deleuate < si » nt hy thu workina « sis ^ es to asaR pasisimj the Bill , for the z * tl and discretion whi they have uniformly rist'Iayi'd during the long . ii arduous strugule in which they kavp been ciigagoc The resolution was unanimously adopted .
Mr . Jamks Terser said he emilil not allow tV opportunity of tliiinkinc the wJwile of their fri < nd « Parliam ' -nt to pass , and tlu > t « f « re he would- - mo ' " That the'best thanks of tha delegates are due ,. a hereby eivni ,. to the numerous friend * of the' m sure in Parliament who have taken an active p in the debates , as well as those Member * of ? bi Houses whasn faithfully wtod in its favoun ;" Mr . J .-iw M 11 . LH secomled- the motion , whici 1 carried un . tr . imcusl y The tliadiks « f the meetine were then wted to 1 early adweates of the Biii , and a warn * tribute p to the memories * n ( the late Nathaniel ) G-uld 1 Mr P . Sadler Th ska were also vots . 1 to Mr . Ji Vood Mr R . Oa » ttar » Mr William , Walker , ft '* rJVi Bull > and the Nobl » Chairm after wluch the meeting separated .
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Srkenock . —R atal Riot . —Hef majesty ' s hi "toy was celebrated in Greenock by almost a gem shutting up of shops and places oi business , In evening , a large concourse of young men assem . % and commenced an indiscrimijMte attack uuoiu person who appeared with a . hat on his head , u any who sjjorted a cap or a bonnet had a pass through the crowd . Thep * ople had it all their way at first , and setthepalice and special consta fairly at defiance . Among other proceeding ? , kindled a bonfire , in which everything that could lay their hands upon was consumed . J windows were broken . In the latter part ol evening the police and special constables , heade the provost and magistrates , succeeded in dispei the mass ; a young man , named Collins , got a in the general melee which terminated his
tence . We pass our lives in regretting tho past , plaining of the present , and " iuduluin « false-h op the future . In an English newspaper was the follo wing sago :- '• A number of deaths are unavoidably poned . Haymaking began at Stamford on Thursdaj 1 he same disease which prevailed many yeai among grouse has made its appearance thi * sen
To The Inhabitants Of Great Britain And Ireland .
TO THE INHABITANTS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND .
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Suicidb of a SpKNDTimiFr Sailor , —An inquest was held 011 Wednesday eveninsr at the Crown and Shear * , Sparrow-corner , Minories , before Mr Wi | . Him Payne , on the li'idy of Paul Pinuell . agp-l thirtyone , a seaman , who committed suicide . "" From the evidence of th « witnesses , it appeared that tho deceased had been hadinca very " rftcketty" life since this time two yenrs , when he was paid off from tier Majesty ' s ship Illustrious , and , in addition , received £ 900 , a part of some property left him . All this money he xju-imiered away , and recently wont to Portsmouth with b . irely rufh ' cieiit moiiey iu bis poi .- - ket to « et himself an outfit . Hu was unab c to get a ship there , and hy this time he got br . ck his money was "ouft On Tlmr-diy last he i « uk Wulaings at the IloyalMiutcoffeehoii . se . and from his manner and
tncolurent lanuiiime the landlord ihouiiht him nut . of his mind . On Saturday he went , tn the navy remlezvous on Tower-hill , snd shipp » d hiiiis-lf for her M . ij ' .-sty ' s ship Oee . in . but soon afterwards be Kcemed to regret what lie had d ne , for on returning to his lnd'jincH lie said that if they wanted him they must ronie f > rhim . He wax ti hnvo gono on board on Tu « ailay , l « n , on th . it day the servant of the coffeehouse found him lyini in his bedroom ., weltering in his bWd . lie hail cut his throat with a razor , and was dead . Thouah a cmimmi s .-anvin , he belonged t'i a very respectable family fn Berkshire , and would shortly have had £ 1 , 400 , the remainder -f tho money left him . The Jury rctnrnd a verdict of iemunraryin . * anitv .
AWf UIAY St-DDRS UbaTII OF A GkNTLKMAS OP FuRtii . vb . —An inquest was lie ! d on Wednesday , by Mr W . Carter , at tho Duke of Clarence Tavern , Pentonjjjaee , Walworth . rcspectine the di-ath of Mr Mark lown . i-y , aged 39 , a genii man of independent property . lately residing at No . 3 , l ' en . on-place , near tnc Zoological Ganlens . Th »> . lerensed , bv tho evi . dencc « f tho brother , had been subjec t to apot lectic attacks lor some tinvpant . for which he had had modica ! adviee . Un Saturday he called to sue the deceased on bitsm . ss , aid on toing to his bidionm . found the d-mr lasti-ned . On cnt-rini ; tho apartment the deeea « ed wa : « lying on the bed panially uncovered , and apparently dead . Mr Crt . sp , gnrgcnn was called , whu prnnounceii the dcceaficd to have been dead several hours . Death had arisen from an attack ot ' apoplexy , 110 doubt the rrault of natural causes . The Jury returned a verdict of " Natural ile : ith . "
Tin ; Glohious " First of June "— William Kurk , late bnatswain of Devonport Dockyard , who iu the licit of the action , when the lloyal George , iu consequence of her spars being shot away , was u » htin £ wi . hout a fl . « s , climbed with nails in his mouilt and hammer between hit teeth to the RhWered stuirip and nailed the colours t « the mast , utill lives in the west of England , respected by ; t ! l wl . o know him The Nottingham Review says that great distress has been caused by th * eloiK'nient of the married daughter of a pnilant M . P . residing in that county . She fcw desetted a sick husband , and a young family .
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¦ S THE N ORT HERN STAR , ____ 1- ^^^^—^^ **** 5 , lg '
Tje (Jkkaffcisi Olii^ Im' Hsi Iil.Iiii.I»Iiim Iktuf! Filuiie.
TjE ( JKKAffcisi Olii ^ iM' hSi iiL . iiii . i » iiim IKTUf ! fiLUiiE .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 5, 1847, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1421/page/2/
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