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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FRANC 8 . The Council General < f the departed of the Setae So ' 2 * Pf * ? " ° PP 0 Sed tte Fulton for . ^ lwh « . v * , ° a the g ™ tllat eooncilt . Reii . i . 1 SE ^ ^ ° •** *> « 8 i = tw . « w . . Rtform >» q «« nave teea hoMea » t Ave » i « . Talen . eteunes , and Bpimd . The ifirffond announce . a grand Bt&na fenian * at H « H tare > , which is t <> be presided OT . r by certainl y cue of the senior reformers of Burop « , General Arthur O'Connor , who is sew . wa are told , in n « 81 th yea r , but lively mad elsqaeat at vhea a member cf the I . lah Honss of Commons , more than half a centsry
SWITZBRLAHD The ^« i da I * Cou&fv&m ef Birae states that the cumber of muifctts supplied fron the Preach amaals for toe use of the Sondtrbundit estimated at 85 . 600 , and that ferty-fi » e pieces of artillery hare alto beem received from the nut source * . Tbe « ane journal contains aa art « le addretsed to the German preu . in which it thanks the journalists of sonthtra Gtraany for the ijnipathy they have manifested in fMO » r of the Federal Guverament of S « ht rUnd , sad contrasts their genaroas ssnti . ments *\ th those of a different ehuacter expressed by the organs of the Austriaa Cabinet .
Martial law is established thronghost the cantons of the Soaierbund . The Court Martial of the sevencantons Is composed of a deputy from eseh cantoa ef the League , taken from the most violent partisans ef the Soader . bund , nader the presidency ef the faaoos- Siegwart Kalkr . It ig to this snprems authority that all the powers of the allied cantons , and all their military apr . ration ? , are made «* jeet . AH dispatches from Lucerne to the different cantons of the Senderbaal haye the folloirinR heading in Htbpgraphy , ' Yorort ef the S «« n Catholic Cantons . There are , coueequently , two Torerti in the confederation
The SoUmdkde la Stutie primitive announce ! that an association of ladies has been fermed at Ineerne , the object oi which is declared by its founders to be , to ce . coasce to the police all words or insinuations < fr-Blive to tte clergy orthe aathorWes . ' This feet , If established , throma curious light oh the merals of the Sonderbun * . It is stated in a letter fwm Baste of the 9 ± , that the people of Sshwits haw burnt the brid ge over the Sihl , on the frontier of Zurich ana Zag . and that the bridge of Rtpsrc chwffl has been cut off on the Schwilt side , as far &s the frontier of St Gall .
Estavayer was occupied on the 8 : h bythetrwps of Geneva , without its being foand necessary to fire a gnn , and the inhabitants ef this district msnifesttd satisfactioa as the arriral of the federal force . 'Marat , another district ef Friboarg , was In ores Insurrection , and tb e troops of that state had been upulsed by the iahabi . taots . Ob the other hand , the Scnderbnnd had di . rectcd its troops towards Lucerne and Z « jr , which are expected to be the principal points of resistance . On the 8 th , the Taudese and Csneveie troops oceupled Dompterra . The federal troops have taken several hostages to guarantee the safety of t&e political pri » goners who remain ' n the prues of Frlbosr ^ . FxrB * c « o , NoT . 8 . —All the troops hare been concentrated within the capital .
Ldcehsk . Not . 9—An estafette has just arrive * inaoandn ; that the inhabitants « f Tessino had made aa attack on the fanipice of St Gothard . The inhabiUats of Uri and Talais asBsmbled in large numbers and drore them back with great lews . The corpses of the men killed ia the first skirmish lay for fonr and twenty hours on the ground , bnt were at length buried by the inhabitants of Clirolo .- ' The Diet has contracted a lo&a at Frankfort at the rate of seven per cent . The operations against Fribonrg , commenced on the
evening of the 11 th lust . That evenin- the Federal troops took possession of two strong positions not far froa a . small Tillage of Fribanrp . called lengfee , ana two pieces sfcannoneaployrdby &a Sona-rbnnd for tear d » feace were taken . On the morniair cf the 12 th , oiders wore issued throughout tbe whole of the line for the army to advance upon Fribourg . and with the er . eeption of the town itself and the sround occupied by the de f enders , r-hich in all is not above a league , the whole of tbe can-on of Fribourg is now in the posses sion oi the Federal troops .
ATTACK TJPOK FEIBOURG . Oatho 12 th the gcneral-in-chief of the federal ' army , General Dofeur , arrived at his head quarters at Avren . eeB , nesrFribourg . Immediately afterwards he gent a summons to the town of Frifeeurg to surrender , and intimated thatifhercoeked no answer within twenty fjur hours he would proceed to force . It appears that negotiations w < re entered into , hut on the 13 th st midday , at which time the period allowed had elapsed , the place not bein surrendered , the attack was commenwd en the works in fraat of the town , the FHbourg troops ecutttonred to resist , and & eUlrmUU took piece on tbe great road leadingfironj Berne to Fribonrg , is which the tro . pj of the Canton deTiad lost two officers killed , end several tffioers an < l men killrd and wounded
Oa the 13 th the Federaldirectory received laforaation from Argao , by courier , that four battalions of infantry anS several companies ef cavalry and artillery made an attempt to invade the Freiantsf the canton of Argau . They endeavoured te fo-cethe passage of Ruess , between Dutwjl and Mar , hut some compinirg of artillery fram Znrrcn , fupported ty flet icbmeatt of militi * opposed to Vjgero ^ aresistinceto them that th ey were obliged to reiraci their st'p .. Tkeconduetof the Papal Knncio at Lueerne has attracted the attention of the Qermsn fress . The reverend f&thtrhasM « insta « elfcimseK hiRh . piiest of the troop * of the Son'ersund , and omlta no orcasion to encourage the fanaticism of tae Catholic sMdicn . This Unndo is
a warm partisan of LambnucMni , and bis' appointment at La . ' - eniB dttes from the papacj of zhe late Pope Grf . gory XVI It was bopsd that a word of pesce wouM en-aiaiefr . mKome . at the kft moment , to prevent hostil tii ) , bat according to the lstest aee < aats received this d * y from Switzerland that mommt is enrolled In the part , and the- fatal hour of war and bloodshed has s : rnek ia Sri zerlaaa . We have received , says a letter from Bn ! e . uaqa = sti 8 Bafe ! e news that the bombardment of Friboarg commenced on the 12 , h inst .
ITALY . The news from Italy fa important . The initiative of aa Italhn customs' league has been assumed conjoistly fcv Piea aont , Ttucany , and Korae . The Duke ef Modena end the King ofHaple * axe expressly invited to jain it and aa opportaaity iataeWy afforded to the other states ofth-iKwasula to concur iathis first measure of Italian r . 'iuonality . Advices from G » noa , " which come dawa to the Stb iratant , bring reports of one of the aost magnificent popalar ovations of which that city has been tbe theatre for a long series of years . The reform * recently made In the sdmiaittralfcn of the state by King Cbarles Allert have Siltd the entire popnhtion of Piedmont with enthusiasm , and their gratitude almost amounted to dairitim . The journey of the King from Tuna to Genoa was one continued triumph .
Among the innumerable banmrs which floated arouad the King as he made his promenade in the eveninp through the citj , one was especially noticed It was tJtn famous Mandaracaptured from th . Austrian , bvthe Cenosje in 1746 , a 8 d was on U . U occasion borne by the Marquis George Doria . ^ Wehaversceived accounts from lTod « na , of the 7 th inttint , « h : chstite that the Hodtwie trosps entered th <« t < rntory cf F » via , no on the 5-. h initant . It will be recolleMea that This is a portion of tfce territories ef the Grand DaV 8 of Tuscany , which , by the Urms . f the treaty of Vienna , pass to the Oufco of Modena on the fiucceswon ol lhfe Grand Dcka to the dukedom of Lacca . The inhabitants ef Firiaano had protested ( . gainst being ii ^ dcd over to the Duke of Modena , whose author : _ 'y :.-: ry detest . It was reportel that on the invitation oi the Dake of Hodena , the Austriaa trosps bad entered the Mudencse states , in order to leave the troeps of the duke : rea to act against Fivitaao .
Ls : ters from Naples of theSdx mention an emexH at f ° > - >**^ and coafl c « fet ween the troopg and the populaee . xia » was attribnted to the de » pair and rage « f thepwple under the persecutions of the infamous Dolcarretto , the tnmlster of police .
POLAND . Amashhation at CBACow . _ Baren Zsjictkowski . pressdeiitof the conrts for political off . nces , was shot on the ivening ef the 4 ; h inst ., at Cracow . He was returains to Ms heuse at eight o ' clack ia the eveninp . wbcu a hulletlaid him dead in the street . Two raen were ob-crTed to pod off in contraty directions , liut the dark lives jir .-veiitert them from being reeognuea . fcM 3 £ i Pahticdlabb . —I t wss at eight o ' clock is the evtniag that the president was returning to his do-Brittle , riluatcd at the end of St Anne-strctf , and almost touching St Anne's Church . Tbe ni ght was densely dirk , aud he was preceded by aa orderl y bearing a Iantern . They were walking en ia silence , when the president sullenly made a remark on the darkness , and said
howtaty it would be for a man to attack then without l > ineperrelvul . Theee prophetic words were tbe last that pissed his lips . Almost at the same moment two tall fiiures wrapped tip in c ' oaks passed the eoHier . Oa arriving near the president , one of them exclaimed Tea ' fit . is him ) , whereupon the other tapped him upon tfa ' a shuuMf * = ud sa ! d , « How fares It , comrade V As tbe ]> ris » i . nt turned his head towards hisnaknown que » - tioHer . tha oth « r stransw fired apis : « l at his head , at ouU- a f 4 w inches dittence , and the unfartanate man frfl < Jowa dead immediately . Another account states , tbst one o" the ' men r-mained in the cistance , whilst t / ie < i'h'r tefz-d the victim by tbe throat with his lit Ixin-i and Mew his brains out with the Other A mysterious silence prevail d daring this trigic act .
T' -e bo : dn ? f 3 or thvac : vill be donbly wondered at vtUiT . it is known tbst oalv a faw hundred yards higher ti ; i tr . crfl is a ^ nard-hoasc , an& the regnlar sentries h < iore . iLc castie . The orderly seems to have ten go ta ^ en by surprise as not to hive been capable of doinc a !' ytMi ) 7 . The report of the pistol was heard distiiiedy iu inmv parts of tlic town . A sentinel on duty at rte c » 6 tle , wfeich is situated on an eminence , saw the fla-h cf the pistol . The armed force was on tie sj .- < ii in a morasnt ^ Lnt the corps- ; of the murdered iM . n was all they found—all clue to the murderers was ii * ra ; a . Ail the gates were immediately closed , and al j-tTsa .-fi in the street arrested Up to the present lnssrst not'iirg has transpired te discover t&e a « - asiias . Sas ; -kioa rests oa some of the political of feccLra orto L'Cvo been set at largo ; it was also tut re .
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c . ntlj that five escaped from prison . One of these , a print , istatd to have written threatening litters to the president , saying he had friends ia Cracow who would pay him off according to his merits . Placards aanonnclng that the pr « KdeatZajaezkowiki had been assassinated , aadefferia ; a reward for the apprehenaien of tho murderer , were stuck up next da ; , bnt some unknown hands teok them down , and labitltutedi than ta ths effeel that sixteen othsr persons wert doomed to the tame death as the president . The latter is sail te have beea advised by his friends to be less Stvsre in his proceed , ings against political offenders , but always laughed at them , Baying that he knew very well who he ihad to deal with . I
THE CIRCASSIAN WAR , ! Co » STinnvoPL £ , OcT . 27 . —One of tke ehieftains . of Daghistan , namtd Oaia Capak B » y , had crossed over to the Russian encampment , with the intention of watching their mtvemeatB and of sxaning their force , positions , tic . Bat he was seized by the Busilan commander , who , inspecting something of the sort , had himimprisoatd in the fortress ef Saty . The chieftain mentally vowed vengeance , but concealed his stntlraents ; under the mask of humility , He corrupted his guards , however , and making his escape returned te the mountains , accompanied bj fifteen titconUntod Russians , who had co-operated in his enlargement . Cara Capak immediately repaindto Shaoll , and acquainted him with tbe ¦ tveral vulnerable positions of the Russian encaoipmtnt ,
and , without loss of time , Daniel Bey was directed to proceed wtth 2 , Wt cavalry to attack the fort of Daokv , thea weakly garrisoned . Their first op « ratloas were unwiecsBsful ; they wera put t » flight by 2 . 8 M mounted Cossacks and allowed themsilves to bs pursued into gome deales , where Busslan taUitsry movements could not be effected . TheDaghUes hsre dismonnted , and , taking advantageonsp-sititngbshind the treesand reckf , opened a hot fire , which for some time the Russians sttoiJ withoatbeiny able toretarna shot , and afterwards they got into confusion , which flaiihed by becoming a general joum out pent . The Russians ltfc 850 horsra
kUled on the field ; they had forthtr 3 | l killed , S 27 wounded , and 1 ( 9 men aiitniag . As soon afi the Rnssi : n g-neral learaed this defeat , he set oat with saeh troof 8 s < eonld be spared to collect the dispersed man , to whom he took provisions and amraonition , of which they were in great need . Agaia the RmsiaBR , reinforced and ably commanded , penetrated into the mountains , and for six dsys and six nights both parties were fighting like devils—the Russians for vengeance , and the Daghlees for tke love of plunder . It is further rtaUd , that the Russian army had retreated upon Konbtn , consequently their operations will be dosed this season , whatever tley may do next year . ' U 51 TBD CTATBS AND MEXICO .
The following ii taken front t&a American accounts of the eaptare of Merieoj ^ ' After Chapaltepec bad beea triumphantly carried , Generals Bravo and Ilonterde , besides a bost ef officers of different grades , were ' takenprisoaers ; over 1 , 101 noncommissioned officers and privates ; all the cannon and a « taunltionwere alto taken , aada crowd of fagitives were soen in full flight towards the different works which commanded the entrances to the city , and the Americans at one ? were in hot pursuit . © eieral Qultman , supported by Gen . Smith ' s brigade , took the road by the Chapvltepec aqueduct towards the Belea gate ae « the Ciudadela ; Con . Worth , supported by Gen . CadwalladerV brigade , advanesd by the San Conno aquedact towards the garita of that name . Both roots were cnt up by ditches and defended by breastworks , barricades , and strong works of every
iJeseripttsn known to military selenee ; but one defence after another was overcome , and by nightfall every work to the city ' s edge was carried . General Quitman ' a com . maud , after the rout at Chapnltepec , was the first to encounter the enemy ia force . Midway between the former and the Belen Gate , Santa Aana had coastructed a strong work ; bnt this was atonce vigorously assaulted by Sen . Qaltman , and aide * by a flank fire from two gcas , which Gen Worth had ordered to approach as near &ll «* lib ! e . rrtmthe Baa Cosmo read , the enemy was gain raated , aad in fall flight . They again mads a stand from their strong fortifications at and near the Belen Gate , opening a tremendous fire net oaly of round shot , grape and shell , but of musketry ; yet Gen . Quitman baldly advanced , stormed and carried the works , although at great loss ; and then every point on that side « f tke city was ia the possession of the AmerU
CMS . Meanwhile , General Worth was rapidly advancing upon Saa Cosmo . At the Englisa bnrying . gronnd tho enemies had constructed a strong work . It wag defended by infantry fer a short time , bnt conld not resist the as . saalt . The affrighted Mexicans soon fled to another line ef works nearer the city , and thus General Worth was in patsession of the entrance te San Cosmo . As his men advanced towards the garita , the enemy opened a heavy fire of musketry fro-n the honss tops , as well as of grape , canister , and shell from their batteries , ' thqs sweeping the ttreftteompUtely . At ( bis juncture the old Monterey game of burrowing and digging tkroagb tiuhsuiei was adopted . The Americans , as dark was setting in . had
&ag anJ mined their way almost up to the guns « f the enemy , and , after a short straggle , they were completely routed and driven , with the lots of everything . The command of the city by the San Cosmo route was attained . During the night General Qaitman commenced tbe work of throwing up the breastworks and erecting bitteriei , with the intention cf opining a heavy cannonade npan the Cindadela with the first li ght on the morning ef the 14 th . At ten o ' clock at night , General Worth ordered a 2 i-poundet and a 10-inch mortar to be brought up to the garita , or gate of San C » smo , and having ascertained the bearings and distance of the grand plaza and palace , at encs opened upon those points . The heavy shells were heard to explode in the very heart of the city .
At a little after - midnight , llsjtr ralacios , accompanisd by two or three members « f the municipal conn * cil of the city , arrived at General Worth ' s head-quarters , and ia great trepidation informed him that Santa Anna aad bis grind srmy had fled , and that tkeyiwished at once to surrender the capital . They were referred to the Commander-in-chief , and immediately started for Tacubaya ; but in the mean time , the firing upon tke town ceased . On the I 4 th , at seven o'clock , General Scott , with his staff , wde In and took quarters in the national p-. Uie , on entering which General Scattatonce named General Qaitman governor of Mexico .
After General Bravo had been taken prisoner , and Santa Anna had abandoned the capital , the latter issued a decres bearing date September 16 . In this he premises ibat be designs to continue the campaign : that t o do so and retain executive authority are quite Incompatible , a « the executive government should reside in the centre of the republic . Wiihing te avoid this evil , and to provide for thepermaaency of the government , let what may betide , be reg ' gns the Provisional Presidency of the Bs public , and orders that the executive authtritjgHallbe vested in the President of the Supreme Court ( Senor Pena y Pena ) assisted by General flerreraaad General Alcorta—the latter ia plate of General Bravo . A second article of the decree fix »« upon Qaeretaro as the seat of government for the nation .
Later news represents Paredes as being mixed up in fome scheme or conspiracy to establish a monarchy ia Mexico . UrTrist is recalled . The position of General Tajlor is likely to be s precarieus one , a Mexican rising having taken place on the Bit Grande , extending from that river to the Sierra Uadre . General Vrrea was said to be at the head of twelve thousand men . The Mexican CongresB was to meet at Queretaro on the 5 th Nov . Assassinations of American soldiers were very frequent at Mexico , and it was believed that an organised plan of assasdastion had been matured .
The total of Americans killed and wounded in the battles of tho Mexican war , up to the present time , er to onr latest dates , is estimated at 4 , 800 ; and an equal number is the estimate tram skirmishes , missing , and sicknesg . Truly a fearful aggregate I The Execution or the Akibicih Dueetiss . — We take the following report of this horrible massacre from the Amervxtn Star : — ' On the tnorniag of tit 9 th weTe hung at San Angel sixteen deserters frem tbe American army , who had taken up arms against their govtrament . Immediately after , gomn ten or twelve wera whipped and branded on the cheek with the letter D . Riley , the chief of the St Patricia erowd , came in for a share of the whipping and branding , and right well was the former laid on by a Mexican muleteer , General Twiggt
deemed it too much honour to the Major to be flogged by an American soldier . He did not stand- tke operation with that stoicism we expected . The next morning fonr others of the same company were execated at Mix . csae , and on the 15 th thirty more were hung npon one gallows at the lame plaea . The thirty were brought oat for execution abont tke same time that Chapaltepec wss being stormed , and Colenel Harney , pointing to that place , told then that they should live long enough to see the American flag hoisted npon the battlements of that fortress , and no longer . In a few moments our colours were raised , and after they were shewn to them they were launched into eternity I The clergy at San Angel pleaded hard to save the lives of these men , bnt it wag In vaia .
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THE REFORM MOVEMENT IN FRANCE . ( From our Pant Cormpondent . ) Wbe » , daring : the last sessUn af the Legislative Chamber * , M . E . ae Girardia had brought to light thosa numerous and . scARUaloos facts prwrraptten which ha thought would overthrow the government ; whcnV afterall , Tthe gb 7 ernm « ttt had-maintained themselves against the storm ; when the celebrated Two Hundred and Twenty-five deolaTed themselves ' satisfied' as to the innocence of the ministry , all seemed te be over , and the Parliamentary Opposition , towards the close of tha session , fell back into tbe same impotenty and lethargy which they hadirhsnife 8 ted atthebeginninc :, But nil was not over , Thdugti Messrs Rothschild , Fonld , Fulchiron , and Coi were satisfied , the peeple were not , nor waB a Urge portion of the middle classes . The majority of the French bourgwisie , especially those of the cecond and third
rank , could not but see that the present class of electors beeame more and more the obediest servants of a small number of bankers , sfceok-jobbers , ¦ railwayspeculatow , large mantifacturew , landed and minine proprietors , whose interest was theonlyin ( er «) t cared for by the government . They saw that there was bo hope ior them ever to regain the . position in the Chambers which , since 1830 , they had been losing more and more every day , unless they extended the suffrage . They knew tliat electoral and parliamentary Reform , was a dangerous experiment for them to try ; bat what could they do ? Seeing that the fiautejlnance , the lords of Paris Exchange , bought up the government and both the Chambers ; seeing their own interests openly trampled upon ; they were obliged either to Bubmit patiently , and await humbly an * quietly the day when the encroachments of the ruling money lords would make them bankrupts , or to rwk parliamentary Reform . They preferred the latter .
TheOpposition . of all shades , therefore , united , some four months ago , in getting up a demonstration in favour of Electoral Reform . A public dinner was arranged and teok place in July , at the Chateau-Rouge ball-rooms , at Paris . All fractions of Reformers were represented , and the assembly was rather mixed ; but the Democrats , having beeatbemost active , evidently predominated . They had made it-a condition of their assistance , that the king ' s health should < not be drank , but be replaced by a toaBt in favour of the sovereignty of the . people ; . the committee knowing well that ia the most democratic town of France they could not get up a . decent demonstration withcollect rightly , yen gave , at the time , a full jteoouat of the banquet , which was in every" regp ' oct more like a demonstration of the strength , both in number and intellect , of dompcracyj' at Paris , than aay ' thing else . ¦ ' ' '" . ' . . i . ;
. The Jowrnaldes 2 )<* ate failed not to raise a terrible outcry about this banquet . . ' . What ! no toast to the king ? and this toast not . omitted b y negligence , by want of a sense of propriety—no , this omission put as a condition for their support by part of the gettersup ! Why , what pretty compnny this calm and peaces ful M ; Duvergier « te Houranne—this moral-force , monarchical M . Odillon Barrpt have got into ! ¦ Why this is not mere republicanism—this is revolutionism , physical-torciBm , socialism , utopianism , anarchism and communism ' . Ah , but , gentlemen , we know yoH —we have had samples of your bloody de « ds > , weliave proofs of what you are contending for ! Fifty years ago , gentlemen , you called yourselves the club o the JacoHm ! ' . * ¦
# Next day ' s National replied to Ihe fierce and furious vituperation of the furiotuly moderate paper by a host oi quotations from Louis Philippe ' s private journal , written in 1791 and 1792 , where every day ' s note of the then Citijsen Egalite " junior' commenced with the words : 'To-day I waa at the JacobinB * —* Today I took the liberty of saying a few words at the Jacobins which were warmly applaudsd '— ' Today I was called to the office of door « keeper at the Jacobins , '&c The central committee of the Opposition had invited their friends in the country to imitate the exr ample given by the metropolis , in getting up every where similar banquets in favour of Reform . This was dvae aooordingly , and a great number c f Reform
dinners were held in almost all parts of France . But not every whore the same union of all fractions of Reformers could be made to prevail ., In a great number of the smaller towns the middle class Liberals were strong enough to carry the king ' s health being drank , by which the Democrats were excluded . In other localities they tried to make it pass in the shape of a toast : — ' The constitutional kiDg . and the sovereignty of the people . ' This being not yet sufficient to the Democrats , they went on shuffling , and replaced the' constitutional king' by the 'constitutional institutions , ' among which royalty , of course ,- was tacitly comprised . Tbe great question now agitated among the provincial Liberals is , whether they are to give up even this , and to resign all attempts at carrying the king ' s health in whatever shape or disguise it be , or whether they are ts separate openly from the Democrats , who , in that ease , would get np separate and competing banquets . For the democratic nartv
insist upon the original agreement , that the king be not mixed up at all with the affair , and if in one case the National bas been wavering a little , the party of the Eeforme stand firmly on the side of republicanism . In all the large towns the Liberals have been forced to give way , and if in the localities of lesser impertance they hare carried the king ' s health , it is because such feanquetBcost a great deal of money , and , therefore , the people are naturally excluded from them . On the occasion of the banquet of Bar-lo-Duc , the Eeforme saya : Whoever jr ould . take siich demonstratioB as a sample of the state of public opinion in Franee , would be very much mistaken indeed ; they are got up by the middle classes only , and . the people are entirely shut out ! from them . This ngitation , if it be confined to the limits of the Bar-le-Duo banquet , will vanish like alliJottfgeois movements ; like the Free Trade movement which after a few hollow speeches died away ! very
soon . - i The first large , banquet , - after that of Paris ' ; was held at Strasburg , in the beginning of September . It was rather a democratic one , and a working man . at the close of it , proposed a toast to the organisation of labour , which term , in France , expressesJ that which in England the National Association of United Trades are trying to carry out ; viz , the freeing of labour from the oppression of capital by carrying on manufacturing , agricultural , and other purposes , for the account , either of the associated working ! men themselves , or of the people at large , under a democratic government . : ¦ ¦ ¦ '' i Then came the banquets ofBar-le Duo , a lourgems demonstration , finished by the Mayor proposing the health of \ he Constitutional King ( very constitutional , indeed ); of Colmar , RheimB , and Meaux , all of them entirely dominated by the bourgeoisie , who in those secondary , towns , always have it all their own
way . .. . . .. But the banquet of Saint Quentin , again , was more orless democratic ; and that of Orleans in the last days af September , wbb , from beginning to end a thoroughly democratic meeting . Judge of it by the toast to the working classes , responded to byM . Marie , one of the most celebrated barristers of Paris ' and a democrat . He commenced his speech in the following termfc :- ' To the working men-to those men , always neglected- and forgotten , but always faithful to tho interests ef their coun try , always ready to die formats cause , be it in defending their native land against foreign aggression , be it in guarding our institutions , when menaced by inward foee ! To those , from whom we demanded the days of , July , and who gave them to us ; terrible in their action ? , generous in their triumph , resplendent with courage , prebity , and disinterestedness ! ' and concluded the
toast in these words : 'Liberty , equality , fraternity !' It is characteristic that the Orleans banquet was the only one at which we find it stated that coven were reserved for the representatives of the working people . The banquet of Culommiers , Melun , and . ICosne , again , were mere bourgeoisie gatherings . The 'Left Centre , ' the middle-class Liberals of the ComtitwcjonnclandSi f de , amused themselves in listening to the speeches ofM . M . Barrot , Beaumont , Drouin de L'huys , and such like retailers of reform . At Come , the democrats openly declared against the demonstration , because the king ' s health was insisted upon . The same narrow spirit prevailed at thsbanquetof La Charity , on the Loire . . : In return , the Reform dinner of Chartres , was thoroughly democratic . No toast te the kingtoasts for Electoral and Parliamentary Reform upon the largeetbase , for Poland and Italy , for the organisation of labsur . ¦ ¦
m This week banquets will take place at Lille , Valenciennes , Avesne 3 . and throughout the Department of the North generally . Those of Lille and Valenciennes , at least , will probably take a decidedly democratic turn . In the South of . France , at Lyons , and in the West , other demonstrations are preparing Tho Reform Movement ia far from being near to its close . Yon see from this account that , from its very beginning , the Reform Movement of 1817 has been nurked by a struggle betwixt the Liberals and the Bemoerats ; that while the Liberals carried their ends in allthe smaller localities , the Democrats were the stronger m all large towns ; iq Paris , Strasburir , Orleans , CharireB , and eveuin one smaller town , in Saint ^ uentin ; that the Liberals were very anxious of having the support of the Demoerats : that . 'thn *
snuffled and made concessions , while the Democrats never retracted an iota of the conation under which they were ready to give their support , and that wherever the Democrats assisted , they had it all their own way . Thus , after all , the whole move-S ^ ii ff « S T tu T *?• f pr P fit of democracy , for all thosa banquets which excited public attention m some degree , were , one and all , democratic . - * * Vo rm M 0 Tement was seconded by the Departments Counoils , who met in September , and who are entirely composed by bourgeois . The Councils oftheDepartmentaof the COte-d'Or . of Finisterre of n a& ' % M ' Hwtrfeto " ttToK the Vosges , the Nerth , and others , demanded , more orless , extensive reforms , all of them of course coafinedtothelimitaof bourgeois Li £ i . '
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But what , will yon ask , are the reforms demanded ? There are as many different systems of reform , as there are shades of Liberals and Radicals . The least thing asked for , is tbo attention of tbe Suffrage , to what is called the eapatitiu , or what you , in England , wouldoall . tho learnad professions , even , if they So net - pay the' 200 francs of direct tox « s , which make , at present , a maaa-voter . Then the Liberals baTasoraeotlierpropoBitionB . moreorleM incommen with the Radicals . These are ' -r ' • .- ' 1 st . The extension of the incompatibilitiet , or the declaring of certain government offices to be incompatible with' the f unctidns of a representative . The government have , at prssest ; more than 150 of their subordinate employers in the Deputies , all of which may , at any momeat , be cashiered , ^ and are , therefore , entirely dependent npon the Ministry . ; V i " .
2 nd . The enlargement of some electoral districts , some of which are composed of less thaa ISO voters , who are , therefore , entirely ruled through the influence of the government upon their local and personal interests . . .. ; -..-. ¦ ' •; . ¦ . ¦¦ _ . ¦ . " ¦ : . ¦ , v • 8 ? d . Thaeiodingof all deputies ef a Department In a fall meeting of all the electors , assembled at its principal town , by which moans local interests ara intended to be more or less submerged in the common interests of the whele Department , and thus render nugatory the corruption and influence of the government . \ _ . ' ¦¦ ' " ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ '" Then , thore are proposals for lowering the amount of the votingqualinoation in different degrees . The most Radical of these propositions is that of tke
National ' , the paper of the Republican wnall tradesmen , for extending : the suffrage to ail men belonging to the National Guard . v This would give tha vote to the entire elass of small tradesmen and fhopkeepers , andextend the suffrage in the sarao degrea nB tbe : Reform Bill has done in England ; butrko consequences of such a measure would , in France , be much more important . The small bourgeoitie ih this country , are' se much oppressed and equemd by the large capitalists , that they would be obliged to have reoourse to direct aggrestive measures against the moneylorda , as soon aa they get the suffrage . As I mid in an article I sent you some months ago , they would be carried further and further , even against
their own eonsent ; they would be forced either to live up the positions already won , or to form an open alliance with the working classes , and that would , sooner or later ; lead to tha Republic . ' They know this in some measure . . Most of them support Universal Suffrage , and eo docs the Aafwna / . whieli goes for the above measure only ,- ' as far as it is considered as a preliminary step in the road of reform . , Of all Parisian daily-papers ,- ' there ¦ is , however , bnt one which will- not be satisfied with' anything less than Universal Suffrage , and which , by the term ' Republic , ' understands hot merely Political Reforms , which will , after all , leave the working classes as mi » 8 rable as before—but Social Reforms , and very definite ones too . This paper is the Rtforme .
The Reform movement is , hswerer , npttb be considered as tbe totality of tbe aeitatidhnow going en in France . Far from it ! At all these banquets , be they Liberal or Democratic , the middle classes were predominating ; that of Orleans was the only one in whieh working men took part .- The movement , of the working people is goto ' * on ; side by side , with these banquets , BHcntly ,- \ inderground , ' almost ; invisible , for every one who does aot take tbe trouble ef . looking after it . But it is going on more lively than ever . The government know this very welh They have' given their permission to all these middle class banquets ' ; but when tlie typographic working men of Paris , in September , aske ^ d for the permission to hold their annual banquet , which , iip to the
present time , ' they had held every year , ani which was in no manner of a political character , it was Refused to them . The governraebt are eo afraid of the working ' people , that they do not ^ allow . them the slightest liberty , They are afraid , because the people havo entirely given up all attempts at insur * rection and rioting . -The government desire a riot , they provoke it by every means . The police throw out small bomb-shells filled with incendiary papers ; which , by the explosion of the shell , are . ' spread all over the streets . A trades' affair in . the Rue St Honore , was profited by , to make the most brutal | attacks upon the people , in order to provoke them to riot and violence . Tens ' of thousands assembled every evening during a fortnight ; they were treated
in the most infamous manner ; they ware on the yery brink of repelling force by forco ; but they held out . and no pretext for more gagging laws are to be forced from them . And think , what a tacit understanding , what a common feeling of what was ' to be done , ^ at the moment , must have prevailed ; what an effort it must have ; coat to the people of Paris , to submit to « nch infamous treatment rather than try a a hopeless insurrection . What an enormous arogreea this forbearance proves in those very same working men of Paris , who seldom went into tke streets , without battering to pieces every thiag before them ; who are accustomed to insurrection , and wjio go into a ievolation jast as gaily as they go to the wineshop ! But if you weuld draw from thiB the
conclusion that the revolutionary ardour of the peeple is decreasing , you would be quite mistaken , On the contrary , the necessity of a revolutien , and a reyolution more thorough-going , more radical by far than the first one , is deeper than ever felt by the working people here . But they know from the ex ' perien « e of 1830 , ; that mere fighting will net do ; that the enemy onc « katcB , they must establish measures that will guarantee the stability ef their conquest ; that will destroy not only the political , ' but the social power ef capital , that will' guarantee their social welfare , along with their political strengths Andy therefore , they very quietly await their opportunity , but , in the meantime , earnestly apply themselves to the study of those questions of social economv . the aolu .
tion of which will show what measures alone can establish , upon a firm basis , the welfare of all . Within a month or two , six thousand espies of M . Louis Blano ' s work On « Tbe Organisation of Labour , 'have been sold in the workshops of Paris , and you must consider , that five editions of this book had been published before . They read likewise a number of other works upon theBe questions ; they meat in small numbers of from teu U twenty , and discuss tho different plans propounded therein . They talk not much of revolution , this being a , thing admitting of no doubt , a subject upon which they one and all agree ; and when the moment will have arrived , at which a collision between the people and the
government will bo inevitable , down- they will be in the streets and squares at a moment ' s notice , tearing up the pavement , laying omnibuses , carts , and coaches , across the streets , barricading every alley , making every narrow lane a fortress , and advancing , in spite of all resistance . from the Bastile to the Tuileries . And then , I fear , most pf the reform banquet gentry will hide themselves in the darkest corner of . their houses , or be scattered like dead leaves before the popular thunderstorm . Then it will be all over with Messrs Odillon . Barrot , de Beaumont and other Liberal thunderers , and then thepeoplewillJudge them quite as severely as they now judge the Conservative governments .
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, - IUPOBTANCB OP ANALTIIOAL PO 3 T-MORTB « EXAMINATION . —An inquest waa held by Mr Wakley , M . P . at the Middlesex Hospital ; on Pat . Manning , a paviour , who died suddenly at his work , in a tew minutes after having eaten his breakfast , brought to him by his wife . Oh a simple examination of the postmortem appearances of the stomach , and intostines , the surgeon was inclined to think . that those appearances were caused by arsenic , and intimated to the Coroner his private opinion , that if time were given for correct and careful chemical analysis , that poison in a metallic form would be discovered present . Tbe Coroner afforded sufficient time , and the contents of the stomach were testod by Mr Corfe
and Dt Ranelds , of Middlesex . IIospital , for oxalic acid , suger of lead , corrosive' sublimate , Prussic acid , and tor araenie , not atraco of either of which was discoverable , and Mr . Corfe , who is the resident physician , was ef decided opinion that deceased had died of natural disease of tho heart , whick he said in many instances left internal appearances not easily distinguishable from thoae caused by metallio poisons . Mr Wakley commented on the great importance to the establishment ef guilt or innocence of chemical analysis , and pathological research in post mortem examinations , ordered by Coroners to arrive at the true cause of death . Th « terv returned a verdict of Natural Death . * ' ™ Urned
The Efpkois of SouND .-Mergensus , or Kircher says that one may know what quantity of liquor is in the vessel by the aound of it , knowing beS the empty note . « I have several times LSercat brftsse pannes ring by the barking of . a hound- a ? d also by the loud voice of a strong man . ' ( The Toice * &J& & ^ 2 ^ X ^« e 1 eL ^ S- ^ Broadhurst , the famed public vojali t , ^ sTngL a the bowl being separated from the stera . -Butafer LovB . An inquest was held by MrPavn « . nr . fi ,, v ' . ii
ospiia . on the body of Eliza Nanoarrow who committed suicide . Deceased , a widow , was a £ vant at the Trinity Alrashouses , D eptford , and had been . n a very low « Bd desponding state for the last sixorcght wceb . brought on by a love affair . Sho had been keeping company with a young man who was religiously inclined , and very much attached to T ^ $ fome meanJ tlie > - > rf > ke off the correspondence , whioh deeply affected her mind . On the nt inst ., ma paroxysm of excitement , she caueht hnU of a kmfe and inflicted a deep wound in ff 2 She was removed to _ the above hosDital . » uK ssr
s ^ c ^ t Ssi ^ atfe ? eJUryretUrnCdaVMd ^^ Alderman Tully , of Montreal , calculates th » t *«» v thisTunt h r y : ° famU ^ takC 8 «« SSt * SS 2
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SXTlRMRAnON W IHB PBASABiaT—THK ' WHlIBBOTfl ' OP MTOStBH—SHK WILD JOSHOK OF REVKNGE—THE IOUKO IBKLARDBHS—FAMIHB ABB ,. BXPOniATIOKIEBUHD IN AMIS ! ,... . .... ( From oar own correspondent . ) . . ^ ^^ ..,, v ., ^^ .. t . ^ . ^ , ^^ , ^^ , . ^ ^ . v . j ) irj . j ., « r The oloudieat doyhas its' gleam of sunlight , and in this iorrowihg « vale of tears / there are pleinant resting plaoea , wherein the stricken heart can linger a moment in peace , and concestrate its still remaining enercUs for coming straggles ; but , ala » , it would seem that there is no hops for luckless Ireland , net a solitary ray of succour or enjoyment to irradiate the feetfriug cabin of' the wretched Irish ¦ peasant . * ; Every ' post
brings fresh mtelliganoe ofaots of opprewion and cruelty on the part of the Irish landlords , and of revoltin g deeds of retaliation on the side of . the goaded and maddened pauper peasantry . Extermination gees on bravely in the South , and ' clearances' to ' a f earfal amount hava been effected ia different diatrlctt of the island : blood hag again crimsoned the coil ; tbe flag of Wbiteboyisra is once more flying in tha vales of Munster , and the people publicly avow that for every oabin levelled by the agent and the bailiff , a human life will be sacrificed in expiation of the cruel deed ; and . ' whereverjthe rich man dares to trample on tbe rights ' of the poor man , the terrors ef the law shall not prevent the ' wild justice of revenge' from taking its course . Nor can one blame the wretched
people for feeling and speaking in this manner . God knows there is none can more deeply deplore the existence of such a frightful state of things than I do . I would not willingly hurt a single hair of tho veriest rascal in existence ( I mean by covert or treacherous ways ) , and my seul sickens at the recital of the harrowing orimes perpetrated by my unhappy countrymen—yet I declare before Heaven , I cannot / and I do not , blame them for their deeds . 'Human nature could notalways brook what those people'have been campelled to endure . The very worm tkat crawls tbe earth will turn on its persecutors ; and why should men , eb . ristians , aid brothers ; be expected to remain licking for ever the romorselegs hand that pins them in the dust f People may rant and rave about the
bloody propensities ef the 'Wild Hirish . ' Others will ascribe these things to the ' spirit of Popery , ' and the teaching of political priests . All wrong , my friends ; the Celt ' inay be warm in his impulses , and rash in his moments ¦ of « xcitement , but he is not naturally a Thug or an assassin . - ¦'" : ¦ The priests do not love Saxon land , nor cherish af * fectien for British laws . 'nor those by whom these laws are dispensed—yet they do not prtacb the doc ? trine of retaliation . I never heard a Catholic priest adopt for his text' an eye for an eye , and a tooth" fur a tooth' ~ nor is there any reservation ia favour of those who spill Sassanagh or heretic blood ! Ne ; 'tis the tyranny of man against his fellows that drives the Irish neasant to des peration . 'Tib oppression
whets his appetite tor blood ; and His deep misery alone that nerves his arm , when he clutches the pike or waves the firebrand over the house or haggard of his destined victim . Little he cares how that hardhearted agent , or this mercile's bailiff ' says hii prayers . ' fie only feels that himself and his children are the victims of their capacity or their neglect ; and though , as it often happeos , his tyrant may be ' one of the ould stock , ' he feels the laeb not the less acutely : nor are his aspirations for vengeance' less fervid and deep-rooted . And these things will continue . They know little of Ireland or her situation , who imagine that coercive measures ^ -martial law ^ military encampment , or police patrols , will restore ' peace to a torn and distracted land ; er lull into rest the wild
spirit which has been latterly evoked . A proclamation ; or as it is dubbed— ' An Admonitory Address , ' to the people of Limerick , Clare , Tipperary , and other counties of Ireland , has been issued by His Excellency Lord Clarendon ; 'en the 9 th , which is expected to arrest the progress of insubordination in tbe districts referred to , and make the outcast peasant submissive to , if not contented with , ' whatever injustice and indignities to which be may be subjected . But we weuld fain warn the government that this will never do ; and we would impress upon them the fact , that more substantial , morebenoficial means , must be put into requisition , or matters will every day ' mend worse * ih Ireland . Riot'Acts will not satisfy the cravings of hunger , nor will an additional
police foree , quartered on an already exhausted country , ' coax perishing millions into servile submission to the capriceB and persecutions of heartless landlords and . fleecing agents . ' " Persecution must cease . The depopulating system tauat be abandoned . The people must be fed . Employment must be found for the able-bodied millions , ar . d an tfficient pro : vision made for those tooold or too infirm to partake of the benefita of usetul employments The peasant must not be hunted from his eabin to die in the pestship , or linger out a lew miserab ' e years . amid the swamps and icebergs of Canadian pine-woods . The Irishman must be allowed to' live' on his own native sod , and he must be made to feel that he has an interest in the peace and prosperity ¦ of the
country , and that everything in creation was not intended for the sole luxury and gratification of hiB relentless taskmaster . Let government adopt these principles , or if the present Ministry find themselves incompetent to set about this Reform , let them give way to others—for men can still be found amongst Britons . able and willing to save the country from the perils with which she ia threatened . Let them treat poor Paddy as a fellow subject—as a brother , and let them forget that his blood is of the hot , wild stream of the Celt , and that when hegoesto pray , he invokes the BleEsed Mary , ' and kisses the crucifix or'Lamb of God . ' What need honest Englishmen care what branch of the greathuman family we belongtd ; and if the peasant be damn'd for his necnliar
religious tenets , John Bull will Hot be responsible bef . re heaven . Give lis justice ; we ask not charity ; we crave not"your indulgence .- ^ Treat us as men and as brothers , and Irish crime will exist no longer , nor will our fair land continue ( as it unfortunately may be termed to-day , ) 'afield of blood . ' The last week has ' been a busy time in Dublin . Meetings , conclaves , talking!—Och , Indeed , if talking conld be of benefit to Ireland , there would not be so happy a people on tbe face of the earth . The newspapers will give you full particulars about these assemblies , what they did , and what they did not ; but they willnot tellyou ofthe indignation of those who trusted in those men , and expected , that they would , at least , exhibit a bold front , speak like men , zealous for the welfare of their country , and show to the world that the time had arrived when , flinsine
prejudice and minor feelings to the winds , they would demand justice for their common land , and insist that their fellow-countrymen Bhould npt . be lefr another y « ar , pining in the pangs of hunger , or exposed to the thousand ill * under which they have groaned forages . Biit this they did not do , ' : They met and bandied compliments , an&talkedottenant right and rf « jfer < dab 6 utstraws , a ' nd "> eparated , and did nothing but mode themselves ridiculous ; and left the 'fools Who reposed trust in them ,-cursin ? their stupidity and ignorance , and praying that fate or providence mieht send a man of mind uid- tpirit amongst the million " whowouldshow hemtheroad toliberty , and lead them on it honestly and fearlessly , and desert not the sacred cause until victory wohW be the recompenes of honest daring , or a > bloody bed be spread wherejnenmight he down in-: honour ; and sleep in peace for ever .- - ¦• r . .- ? -. v : . ; . . * On Wedesdav ' iaftf ; . tlipra nroa o mant ;* . ** Ar ir % r ic
t i j •• ! % ' — t . ' ... ™ " onuK ui luunsf Irelanders' m the Pillar-room of the Rotunda . It was , indeed , ; a sorry ; affair enough i and compared even with prior gatherings ofthe same clique , exhibited a _ considerable tailing off , both in number and respectability . There was less talk , too , anent role about flaming scimitars , ' and ' gory beds ' and rushing Bteeds , ' and Sparta , and Bahnoekffi w » doted out in very economical quantities . ^ M ^ a ^ ^ K aara'aaiMffSa ¦ S ^^ sa ^ fflaS SS tut £ 5 n * K ° P iBi 0 « of most So k tins -peution -will bs aucwssful . John , himself S ^ iSffm ?? ™ T T ^ deri 8 ion « ™ S 2 tear out he must walk . And more ' stho r , itv t , ni .
mindVdT ^ onerous , stout-hearted , and man yl £ t Li ? S " ?? ? JohD ^ ynolds . U « is not a man of straw . lie i 3 no place-begcar ; and though he is a deadly and powerful antagonist ofthe Young Ireland bantlings , 1 verily believe , if matters armed at that crisis tomorrow , John Reynolds would not shrink from shedding his blood for his country . He would make a valuable member of Parliament , and would be more effective , as an advocate for Irish rights , and a champion in Ireland ' s cause , than ball" a hundred ofthe noodles and doodles by whom we aro represented (?) in the Imperial benate . ' Thfro is a rumour in town that the Prnbsta « t Archbishop of Duhlin . theMoat Rev Dr WhVtely K be removed from the sceueaof hit latonn in Ireland and translated to the Archiepiscop al see of York Report further has . it that hia " successor wil K
^ ngi ^ man , a ? tnere is no Irish enclesiaat c to £ found adequate to replace Dr Whatelvi Tfttfik . msm IthiT , lrBlHV , o g ' governraent of Ireland , but Onr ffi , ? l Uffi 0 Ur 9 We alike iU-fc « nded IS ^ ss omer desorip tionslof provision , are conveyed to Enei tf S ^ tlwd , whilst the poor uthan of DuS , romsth e 8 b r ? l nthecoW ^^ windTtfi Burreys the gigantic stesrae towini ? out wit ) , the
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rich freight , mutters a curse 6 a that eovwTi whioh . with folded arms , gloats en the wealth ^ it plucks from Ireland , though he and his r ^ pine , nd and hungry , in the solitude of their » l * ' ' garret . In every other Irish part , the same » & ? process is going forward also . From LimS * during tua last week , a « fewer than sutv ^» T . e . sjselA ^ of . M « lLdeM . rjptions , jlejired out witO' * yisions for . English « nd , - . acotw ports ?" ^ make amends , io letsthan 104 barrels of buhC , ^ arrived to those who retail that article , in that •* alona ! WbiUltheMBnsterpe Mantstarves io . f ^ he contrives to keep a supply of ammunition ii °$ f hob-hoie , ' ahd . though you May not Bee twenti ^ coats on a ¦ oneresatioB-: of '' labo ' nrer 8 of 9 s /_ . * ° d
there i « not a . boor . from 'the . sea to the Sham , * who could n ot , if called « n i PToduee . hia nmsCt {/ fowling-piece , bis blunderbuss ,. or case of bun a u > Throagh Cennaught , - the purchase of fire-arm , V been on a less " extensive scale ; but in every cow . Leinster , the peasantry aWarmsd to a man Th ' carry th « irarms aboiitin open day , under the eve » 5 the police . ? - ' ' ¦ - , H ' I am convinced that any attempt ta digarm h Irisk people would be utterly , abortive . They ah . , i ways fond ef arms / and the very laws , which hen £ forewere enacted ; jo disqualify them from haTW firearms and gunpowder , . only served to nuke \ Cm tho more anxious to possess those articles . . in f , 5 the Irish peasantry have never been 'disarmed '«! to Bpeak , When those laws I have spoken , of ««» tbe most ' rigorously enforced , Paddy maa » g , j ^ keep , hi ? gun or his pike in some place of secu tiiv
where .. the ' peeler :, or me intormer mjght i ( x and not find . It would be so it those laws werer * . enacted to-morrow . Some tnousand stands of ata « might be wrested . from the peasantry , but twentr would bo retained for each one given up : The « n ] , plan to digarm' the Irish , is to treat them juatlr Give them fair and equallaw . , Employ them , feej them , teach them to be peaceable , net by coercion ^ cruelty , but by convincing them that you are sorn for past misdeeds , and that , in future , you will t& cignise them as children , » s follow men—aubjectsof tha same crown , atid equally , entitled , ' as you are , tn the profits of their own industry , and the rights , jj j immunities , and privileges of British subjects . This is the way ¦ to , ' disarm ^ Pat . :-.
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- . MOHEFRIOHIFOt MOBDBRS . . . ' The following fresh murders are reported by the Limerick Chronicle , of the 13 th instant : — On Friday evening ; at the " early hour of seven o ' cloc b , two arm « d inch , whose faces were blackened , . to w ol 4 recognitlen . iuddenly entered the houie of JohnRjraa , iteward and bailiff to Sir Mathew Barrington , Baronet within a quarter of a inllt of thovllUgeof Mnrros , ant Inthe neighbourliood of a police station . They cried out , when inside the door ,. ' heads dowo , 'and swora that they would have the life of Ryan , at whom the ; imm « d { ately preitnted . He caught hold of a fricud of the n » Q t of Tnoksr , who bappaned to be in the home , and plac « i him between ihe two armed men and hhnislf . A shwt strugglo enBUid , and , when they had forcibly diioBgagtf TneKer from Ryan , the latter grasped a ' chiir to defend himself ; and the falthfulwife , throwing herself betweu
to save lur hutband ' e life from the deadly weapon , re . celved the contents of a gnn-ihot elose nnder bar left bresBt , whieUf passed out through her back , and knit } the poor woman on the spot . Tbe distracted husfenj then rushed to the adjoining room , where a , gua nu kept for his protection , and when ' he ^ came . out foqgj the murderers had - diaapptared , - and the . . only object before him was the bleeding corpse of his unfortunate partner . The horrers of this atrocity are aggravated by the eircumstan « e of three joung children beiai ; left BOtherleBs , the joungest not four months born , arf which Mrs Ryan bad . only put from her breast nhea rushing to save her husband . Rvan ' s house , at Mnrroe Wood , wai bnrnt down Vj incendiaries last year , aid he bad also received threaten !^ notices . An inqneit nag held on Sarafday afternoon upon / the " body , and averdkt of ' Wilful , Murder retarned against some person m persons unknnu . ' - ' -
Mr Richard U . Bayly , a most nscfnl public n » n , most extensive land agent , chairman of the Nenagi . TJnion , &c , was shot this evening , ai he was proceeding from Senagh-to his residence at Ballinclonfth . He nu nacompanied by his brother-in-law , Mr Heard . Uf Baylj ' g mouth Is dreadfully shattered , the slugs pene . trated his flesh , and great feara are entertained that till wounds are mortal . Mr Heard ' B head was grazed with a ball . Thentmost sjmpathy is felt for Mr Bayly . A ganger , named Smith , was barbarously murdered at the Ballybrbphy station of tho Casbelline ; his braim having been knocked out with a hatchet . Tha alleged cause of the murder ig that Smith had endeavoured to reduce the wages elf the men employed on that part of the line . Balljbrophy Is wittln six miles of Eoscks , and on tbe borders of tbe ceunty of Tipperary . HDBDSE OF HAJoK UABON .
A correspondent of tbe Evening Hail states that Far . rall committed to Row cowmen on suspicion of being concerned in the murder of the late Mr . jor Hahon , died of fever * n Thursday . The gaol is described as crowded to excess . The Lord-Lteutenat t has issued an address , ia which he appeals to the gentry , the f armers , and tbe industrious peasantry , to aid his efforts to sup * press the system of terror which exists in the country ; and announces his intention , by ever ; means in his power , ' to suppress the wicked spirit whieh now disturbs tbe public peace , and retards the social improvement of the country . ' . : ilOBB 1 RI 8 H LANDLORDISM .
A correspondent of the Corh Examiner , writinj from Ballyhooly , under the date of Nov . 6 , gives an account ef a clearance which took place in tbst locality a short time since , by which sixty-six human beings have been deprived of home and shelter . ' It appears , that the person to whom the rent ; is paid is John Courtenay , Esq ., of Ballyedniohd ; and his agent is a Mr Champion , of Busby Park . This good and liberal jigent visited Castlebla a- few days ago , and told some of those who had the misfortune of living there , that be hoped they would pioride some other abode for tbe future , and if not , that he would , on his next visit , throw down their hovels . '
- . ¦ STATB OP THE OODSIRY . Orders have been issued to gather in police detach * ments wherever men can bo spared , on the frontiers of Tipperary and Limerick . They will he distributed hereafter as soon as . arrangements respecting a co-operative military force aro completed . An old friend , Captain Rock , who waa supposed to be buried in the same grave with the tithes aBd tithe-proctors , looks green again . He has shifted from the . Galtees to Connaught , and by no means appears to be improved in orthoeraDbv . The C 8 D-
tain . published and posted a , notice , on the chapelm ° j Creagh ,. calling upon the people to assemble on Wednesday at the workhouse ,, and demand food or labour . Vengeanoewas denounced against the hand which dared disturb the proclamation . The catholic curate , the Rev . Mr Coen , disdained the threat , tore down and trampled en the notice , and cautioned his parishioners against a violation of tie laws . Thereupon , tho captain posted a second notice , full of dire threats and very bad orthography .
REP 8 AL ASSOCIATION . . Tbe principal topic of talk' at the weekly meeting was , tbe oppesition to Mr J . Reynolds , ns member for Dublin ; and Mr J . O'Connell , in imitation of his father , pledged himself to die on the flaor cf the nouao before he would permit a Coercion B'li to be carried through . ' The irai tatien , unfortunately , reminds one of the seqael . It will fce a sad thing tor Ireland it its salvation depends on the redemption ot John s promise . Rent , £ 3 , 1 . 103 . 6 Jd .
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( From the Gazette of Tuesday , Nov . 16 . ) Christopher Holt , Bouvoria-streot , Fleet-street , liotclkeeper-John Arnell , Stanhope-streot , Hampstead rond , cora merehant-lsaup . Bass , jun ., Ipswich , painter-Jolm 1 ratt Carpenter , Drummond-street , Euston-square , baksr—John Crnmond , Lime streot , shipbroker-Thos . Samsin Jukes , Great Wirchester-slreet , tailor-Francis Henry Agar , New Windsor , grocer—James Parker , Prmces . road , Notting-hill , coach proprietor - Henry Smith , East Mailing , Kant , paper manufacturer - Kooevt Blake , Jan ., Norwich , soap manufacturer—Wat . sob White , Newington-cousoway , grocer—John Clarke , Conduit-mews , SprinR-Btreet Suisw . gardens , PaildiiiRton , job master-jouB Bannister Faulkner and Bintliaro Falinn , noir or Me of Old Broad-street , merclmnts-Chnrlos John Hjibbard . Stockwell-park-road , Surrey , brewer—Henry nicks , New Bond . street , saddler-Robert Debenbam , Kdward-street , Portman-square , draperj aijam . Willis , Trowbrldgo , Wiltshire , wool broker-Cesar Adam Marcus Count de Wuits , Baldwiu's-garilcnf , Leather-lane , Holborn , and elsewhere , plaster mamrfiwturer-Qeorgo Calvert Holland , Worksop , Nottingliamshire , banker—Jonathan Higglnson and Richard Beanr ,
Liverpool , merchants-John Boner Livescy , Liverpool , itationer-Jane Parry nnd Rl « . beth Parry , Bancor , Carnarvonsbire , drapers-Jo > n Kneo , Trowbridgc . Wiltsliirf , grocer-Thomas Watsou , Torquay , inH&eper-Jobn ooiiinB , Manchester , common brewer—Peter Tnnnfy Dobson , Tunstall , Staffordshire , draper-James Kershaw , Peatheretall , Lancashire , woollen manuf cturer-Thomas Law , Manchester and Salford , corn dealer—Frederick Law , Manchester , corn dealer—Andrew Scbc flold , Oldham , Lancashire , attorney . at-law — Jani « s Crowlcy , Horsecroft , Lnncashire , victualler-John Robinson , Almondbury , Yorkshire , djcx-SnnW Vtotod , Liverpool , roillini'r—Thomas M'Tear , William ITadncl-Oi and Edmund Thompson , Liverpool , merchants—O * * Day , Devizes , baker—Thomas Daries . Abernron , Glamorganshire , draper-William Goodman Honfrey , Coventry , drUKgist-Thomns Ryland and William Llewellyn Roland , Birmingham , Britannia metal werkers-Willii"D Walton , Will nlmll , Staffordshire , timber denltr-AlfrW Alsop , Bonsall , Derbyshire , load merchant- Cl »« Henry Fcreday , Tostonhall , Staffordshire , coal dealer-Charles Asliford , Bivniinifhara . packing-cose mak' -r-John Russell , Leamington Priors , Warwickshira , groco' - James Hausor , Ilauley , Staffordshire , hop merchant .
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1 There is a law in force in Washington , ' sr . id the Pittslurg Gazette U . S ., ' whioli provides that M negro may bo arrested upon suspicion of bews » slave , put in gaol , nnd the marshal of tke Um ? States may expose him te sa'e for his gnol expense On the Midland Irish Great Western , recen tly opened , tho second class carriages have plate-gw ^ windows , cusblsns , lights , &c . And there are fo"rI " « liws ( . . winger which convey -pasBengera at & '"" more than a farthing per mile . The Irish direc- ara' eintlenien '
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SmtoRY REFOBU . —DorinK the past week Doctor Bachoffner has been engaged ia delivering , at the Royal Polytechnic Institution , a lecture on the ' Laws of Nation , as applicable to the Sanatory Measures . ' The learned professor commenced this important subject with a number of remarks ; such a 3 the composition of the atmosphere , the beating ef the heart and the action ofthe lungs , from all of which he deduced the self-evident fact that the inbaling ever and over again af the same air must fee most injurious and obnoxious to the health of individuals . The doctor then exhibited numerous interesting experiments , by which he proved that the air when once passed through the lungs was unfit to
be inhaled again ; he then proceeded to the subject of ventilation , remarking first , that the subject of drainage , though equally important , was one that oepended solely npoa the legislature . Upon the qucsfoo of-ventilation the professor touched at some length , and insisted on the necessity of this roensure to every individual . lie instanced a variety of plans for the purpose of ventilation—more particularly one b y Dr Arnott , both for rich-and poor—as from their simplicity and inexpensive mode would be in the reach of all classes . The doctor concluded his admirable Ieeture by reading extracts from several works , all of which folly confirmed hie statements . .
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6 TH 1 NORTHERN STA 1 U November SlU gbl
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 20, 1847, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1445/page/6/
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