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TO THE IRISH PEOPLE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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My Coijktrymen ! ¦ fliei&glisfc Minister , true to the English p rijjBSple of concentrating " ministerial power qfrmgli hatred of Ireland , has dared to openttgs new Parliament with another Coercion B « for Ireland . A Cordon Bill , In its apparent mUdness npre dreadful , more bloodthirsty , and unconstfcitttpal than any yet proposed , and yet straogfrto say , it ha 3 produced a marvellous unanimityamongst the otherwise * disjointed : .
fictions ; ' Whigs , Free Traders , Tories PeeHtes , Protectionists , Bentinckitesi . Irish Patriots , Irish Landlords , together with the p ledged English Chartists , have united in hatred to Ireland . Of all the newly-pledffed English patriots , George Thompson / the memfcrfor the Tower Hamlets ; C . tushington the member for Westminster ; and W . Schole field , tie member for Birmingham , were the only men who had the moral-courage to onpo * united factions , and walk into the looby with the few bat faithful . ¦ * s ¦
< Of course I make no accountpCthe straightforward and valiant conduct , of Wakley , bewuseheisone of . om ^ lves . -He behaved » t likejMnock friend , but like a-proud oppo-^ tjin « stice ; and ^ was soml ^ onsolation to to | sachmen as thofeirc ptnpaiy with the wn ^ sten ^| hSfearless , ^ e ind ^ dtabie SharfflaljCriwfbrd , tiie best Irish lanrogd , and a mo ^^ bbrdu ^^ Dfi im ti ^^^^ e ^ g electors of Finsbury , of the ^ Tower Ha » lefcs , of Rochdale , of Westminster , and of Binning , ham , will not the less zealousl y support those gentlemen upon the next opportunity— -thus giving another proof that the people are in advance of the government . , I . 1 . i . fc . e
, £ . countrymen , I have ever declared that the dissension of leaders has been the cause of our country ' s ruin ; and , therefore , I shall abstain from a single word of comment upon a portion of the Irish representatives who voted against MrWalcley ' s amendment and mine . Now , see what Mr Wakley s amendment was , and then let any man with a drop of Insh blood in his veins , ask himself upon what possible pretext he could oppose it Here is the amendment : — t if II n
That it is not just to the people of Ireland to enact any toll of a coercive character , without , at the same time enacting measures with a tow to their permanent reliet Now , my countrymen , can you imagine a more comprehensive , more complete , or just proposition than that ? So many words could not be more expressive of justice , and yet only twenty , and some of those English members , opposed it- My amendment was to reject the monster altogether , and only eighteen voted for that , and many of those English members ; and even yet I shall abstain from a single harsh comment , lest my life ' s devotion to Ireland should be thwarted into a desire or attempt to perpetuate discord .
I must describe the nature of the present Coercion Bill for you . Firstly—It establishes a brigand police , wholly independent of all law , save the whim of a Saxon vice-king . Secondly . —It gives to these ruffians the power to search every peasant ' s house . Thirdly . —It subjects to * two years ' imprisonment with hard labour , any man who does not join in giving information and hunting one SUSPECTED OF CRIME . Fourthly . —It creates a new spy'force , called
a DETECTIVE POLICE . Fifthly , — -It saddles the farmers , and not the guilty landlords , with all the expense of carrying ' out the operations of this bloody bill , the main object of which is to secure the acquies cence of the Irish landlords , while the Whig government is depopulating Ireland by starvation and pestilence , and to seduce the peasantry of Ireland to turn informers , in the hope of preserving a miserable existence for another hour of miserv .
Mark me ; by the term "informer" I'donot mean simply giving evidence against a real culprit , but wnat I mean is , the inducement held out to the reckless vagabond to hire a mercenary , and receive the reward of his own infamy . I feel indignant , as an Irishman , to be compelled thus to detail the atrocities of the Bill ; it is enough for me that it is an act of tyrannj attempted against my country , ily justification for opposition will be found in the fact , that the landlords and the government are the offenders—and the people are to be the sufferers .
. Nothing is more winning and seductive than tbe " soft sawder" of an English Minister ; but there is not a word in the bloodiest penal statute , which may not be construed into a mild resistance to crime , while we know how cunning lawyers , packed juries , and corrupt judges , can twist them to the most nefarious purposes . Here ' s a picture for vou—the people of
Ireland are willing to work and are starving—thi landlords of Ireland are not willing to work and aie revelling some in positive , and all ii comparative , luxury . Is not this an anomal y and can there be a stronger argument in favou : of placing those luxurious idlers under thi popular vigilant control of a Parliament of re presentatives , chosen by the sinew and indus trv of the nation ?
I am now an English member of parliament and though all pledged to the support of Irist redemption should desert their country , anc though I stood alone , I am resolved to oppost tyranny to the death . And , my friends , I fee assured that in this , my resolve , I shall b ( backed as well by the English as the Irisl people , not only upon the principle of justice but uyon the princip le of interest ; for thi English people may rest assured that the com iilete loss of Irishliberty would be speedil ;
followed by a successful blow at the remnan of English freedom . Let the working classe of England , then , be up and doing , while ther is yet time , as they may rest assured that thi Rill . to be read a second time on Monday next shall not pass until the English people and th Ir ish people shall have received ample time b express their opinions in their petitions ; while at the same time , if every man in England and every man in Ireland , save myself , wa perfectly satisfied with this measure of injus tiee 3 l would oppose it if J stood alone .
I am fearful to write as I feel upon this sub ject , lest any heat or intemperance may here after be cited as a justification for disunion and , therefore , I shall conclude with an urgen and anxious appeal to the honest of all classe t « join in a most determined resistance to thi "base , brutal , and bloody" measure . Your faithful friend and countryman , Fearcus O'CoNNOa .
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IWdos . —Suffolk—On Tuestey , N ovember 23 rd , a lecture was delivered at the George Inn , by Mr Eduund Stallwood , in the place of Mr M'Gratb , wlio wa ? prevented attending by an attack of lcflue&za . \ highly respectable audience assembled . Mr John Edam formerly of Selbj , was unanimously ^ fl to the chair , and in aneloquent speech opened ^ e Lusmcssof the evening . Mr Stallwood gave a lucid statement of the formation , progress , action , and r ^ nt prospects of Hie Land Company , refuted tte dictions urged against it , and showed its entire and complete practicability . He also elucidated tbe Prinei ; . ! M « f th * TWr . l «' s Charter . His hour ai . d a
talfs address was listened tJ with breathless attention , and at it * close he was loudly applauded . A *> te of thanks was carried by acclamation to the « cturer The good men and true having resolved j » celebrate the introduction of Chartism , into Branton , by a public supper , the festival came off , and * aa attended by a numerous party . Mr idmund Stallwood was called to the chair , and Air idsnn to Jne viee-chair . The following toasts were given : — «» e People ' s Charter-may it speedily be enacted as law . ' The Fraternity of Nations—to establish ^ Krty all over the world . ' ' ArthurlO'Conn or , the ** leof Krin , and may Justice eooe restore him to J ? e Emerald Isle . ' 'Suweasto the National Land ^ tonpany . '
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M y Dear Childrbk , ¦ •—i-. ~ Although busily engaged in resisting the tyranny of the government , I am not unmindful of the duty I owe to those mothers , who . from confidence in me , have induced their hU * bands to embark in our glorious Land flkn ; and I now write > inform you , tha& . up \ q ibis period , there are three hundred anjtfi | tv-thre ^ members who have drawn prizesin * the land Company , and all of whom shalHbei loopedbetween this and next May . - ''¦''¦ , ¦'•'¦ -:- * -- ' ¦¦ ' ¦ ''¦¦ ' ?¦ Now , if you measure our probable progress by what has hitherto been done ^ as ^ corapajred with what J am now doing , yo $ will be ^ ew ? what I have often told you ^ . tbaiit is K ' the power ofthe working classes , wij ^ t'tfie aid ofthegove 1 fe » enti 6 rraaBter ^^ ^ i ^^^^ mfW ^ m steady , exertion and sMugus fortitude ofllie wflf % i < d ; ; Englana to-jKSjral the mjgj pi EnjK 4 a || $ o $ &gMfc to % feiniUefe tool three hundred and fifty . And , if the working classes had confidence in themselves ,. ' apa would make themselves acquainted with the perfect security of the National Land and Labour Bank , upon the next general election , through their influence upon the trading and shop-keepingdasses , I would show you two handredmeninthe House of Commons pledged to the support of the Land Plan and the Charter .
You , my fair friends , never could have been enlisted in the open support of Chartism ; and , for this simple reason , because the avowal was certain destruction to your families ; and , to your open and virtuous support of the Land Plan I attribute its astounding success , and have written this letter to communicate the pleasing intelligence of the timely location of those who have drawn prizes , —and every one of whom shall be located between this and May . And now a word , and * I have done . You must always bear this one fact in mind ; it is this , that the money
of a Company is always looked upon as public property , from which every one' in distress has a right to support ; and every tradesman employed thinks that he has a right to name his own price , and Jiis own wages , and that the administrator of that fund who refuses any such application is a tyrant and a despot . Upon the other hand , those who have paid their whole subscription , or any portion , of their subscription , consider themselves not ! only entitled to employment , whether they are fit for the work or not , but they further think that they have a right to recommend people i for work . Now this system has already put
me to great inconvenience and expense , while Mr Doyle , who is my representative here in ray absence , tells me that it must be stopped , as * his feelings are daily wounded t by the necessity of refusing the applications of those who apply for work . The plan , then , which I shall adopt is this ; if any shareholder sends me a written recommendation to employ the bearer , who is not fit for the work , I will give the bearer , if he has been induced by the applicant to leave his home , enough of money to take him home , and I will then write to the Directors to stop so much from the payment of the shareholder who has made a fool of the applicant in order to do the Gooddie . "
Now this is very plain , and cannot be misunderstood , and is necessary , as both Mr Doyle and myself are daily put to the torture of refusing such applications ; and I am put to the expense of sending the disappointed applicants back to their homes . I have nearly completed operations here , and shall shortly remove to another location , so that you see even the depth of winter does not arrest our progress . Of course it is understood that the Company closes finally on the last day of this year , and that there will be a ballot for 300 acres of the Company ' s land on the 16 th of January , and the successful competitors in which I undertake to locate early iu the summer . Your faithful friend , Feargus O'Coknor .
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^^——TO THE CHARTIST CHIEF . General , —I , one of your old soldiers , have read , with sensations of thrilling delight , your bold and irresistible onslaught upon the citadel of corruption , oa the evening of Tuesday , the 23 rd November , and in which citadel sat its aristocratic supporters . I am quite certain , that even the advanced guards of the rotten fabric must have quaked with fear when they felt the thunder of your voice , and the bullets of truth , with which you perforated its false and assailable ramparts . Bat , if this , your first attack in the present session , so paralysed your and the people ' s enemies , that they did not even attempt to return your fire , what may
we not expect when you pour in repeated vollies Hnder the various names of the Charter , National Land Plan , Repeal of the Union , Fixity of Tenure for the Irish Farmers , Corn Rent , Annihilation of Tithes , Equitable Adjustment between the so-called National Creditor and Debtor , and many others , too numerous to mention here , more particularly , when you are backed up by your organised army of old and youne guards , ( public opinion ) , or to use a trite , saying , the pressure from without ? Why , General , there is every reason to anticipate , if the officers and privates will only di their duty like true democrats , tbat rain , inevitable rain , vi ill follow in the wake of the foe .
Your . tactics on the occasion were skilful , and at the same time , prudent ; and no doubt , very much disappointed the prophets who , in their wisdom ( Lord save u ? , ) predicted you would commit yourself by vour impetuosity and want of foresight , and . therefore , must assuredly , and without fail , find your level in the House . Thank God , and yonr own cood sense , they have been so disappointed , and must now be ranked amongst tbe false prophets . It must be cheering to every democratic mind , to learn that the sentiments you uttered on thejnight above mentioned , and the langaage in which they werecouched , though new to most of the aristocratic senators , met with , to all appearance , the most respectful attention at their hafidg . This speaks volumes , and proves at once that you are the powerful leader ef a powerful party . A party increasing eve ry day in number , strength , and intelligence .
Another circumstance connected with your efforts on the occasion alluded to , and which cannot fail to make vour soldiers' hearts palpitate with exultation and honest pride , viz , when you madei a soul-stirring appeal to the various sections of Irish members , to bury in the grave their previous d . fference ^ of opinion , and band themselves together as true patriots , lovin-their fa therland-and further , that though you we ° re an English' member you did not forget you were an Irishman , and if they wereonly imbued with your feelings , they would die upon the floor of that house , rather than another Coercion Bill should pass—it was received with unnsnal applause , and shouts of bravoirom them , the very men too , who have been taught to hate and despise you .
Such a response to your noble , patriotic , forgiving , and peace offering appea , must have been balm to your mind , after all the contumely , insult , and s ! anderthrown upon your character ; and after all you have suffered in consequence of your devotion to your country countrymen , and fellow creatures generally . God * rant that those who cheered yeu may prove it Mncerc , and from the heart , by aiding and assisting vou not only to crush the monster brought forth L an imbecile , hypocritical , cruel , and hberty-subvertine government , but also by giving you their strenuous and undivided support for unhappy Ireland ' amelioration , which it will . be your lot from time to time to bring under the notice of the British Senate ¦«¦
. .... . . Goon . General , in the sacred work .-Ma > providence eive you health and strength to put to flight Jeur enemies , and may you speedily see the consummation of all your fondest , mostardent , aepirationsrour zealous and arduouBlabours-slavery dead . and L e ^ freedom univer ^ an d ^^ Ah Out Piokebb .
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Q ; J ^^ HcTRS ' OF flWWfap& i :. ^_ ., ; ¦ ^ jENTUMCEH / rr :: \ 3 $ t&-ikv . ¦ - ' ^''' ' . Wb 4 n ; at th ^ iite geiej ^ election ^^ e dibits to yours CQ ^ en 4 i ^ n ^ cerl | fin principles , thetrepresentatioh ^ f whiehw ^ he-HoSSe'of . .. Com-$ > & , rheld / andfffll ij oJ ^ be bf-yit Bl ^ nipoftanqe , not onjyj&ijrar io ||§ Sts , but to 'thl ^ H " b ^ g of the eatu ^ v # mmi « W ' . ' ' : /; :. i 5 ; 0 n . the day-ojfvftainaftgL you were plpasecl to tsprcssr your apJIoTatioffilf-. those principles , of which I was ( w «|; -im ) p |^ Bmble exponent , by recordings triump ^ int ntjgon ^ &liny favour at 'the how . of bands / Ifhep ^ JBiS ^ HlSP Lwd Viscount ^^ TOK . ; , ^ ft lS » tdgciiion , ' his lordehlp' tits in thfe' Hco « iV ^^ pt : irepresenta-HveV besauie the l ^ a ^^ p ^ mll # nrDSTmiTijiiirtngjijii ¦ iTiMJOm jj iH oAM ^ a |§ § S ^ p Bw || deyourveriUble . representative ^ n spiife ^ t ^ reiistirpa ^ tktatrf privilege over-right , by which the Secretary of'State for Foreign Affairs was enabled to ' return ' himself , and take the seat which h | d . heen allotted to me by your upraised hands and voices , when called upon to decide which of the two candidates you would select for your representative . Thoroughly in earnest in my every political act , and determined—to the utmost of my ability—to carry out every pledge I gave you on the day of election , 1 have resolved to repair , as far as possible , the injustice of your virtual disfranchisement , b 5 watching the acts of the Legislature , and occasionally submitting to you my comments thereon . If I cannot directly aid in the passing of sound measures , I may , at least , show their necessity ; and if 1 cannot , within the walls of the House , oppose bad laws , I may , at least , testify against such laws , and work with you to prevent their adoption , by bringing ' the pressure from without' to hear upon the ' collective wisdom . '
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It would he a waste of tune to criticise each paragraph of the ' Royal Speech , ' or rather the speech of her Majesty ' s advisers . Royal Speeches illustrate he saying attributed to that master-spirit of polittical chicanery—Talleyrand , that ' speech was given te man not to express , but to conceal , his thoughts , ' The Speech , recently delivered by commission » the name of the Queen , forms no exception to the general rule . Its most remarkable feature was the repetition , in almost every paragraph , of the expression of 'her Majesty ' s deep concern at , aad ' lamentation' for , the unfavourable state oi
•"""" j uv . UlOtl vuO U * the commercial world , the sufferings of the labouring classes , the misery and anarchy so rife in Ireland , and the breaking out of civil war in Switzerland , all called forth expressions of alarm and apprehension , which , however creditable to the feelings of the Chief Magistratei tell badly for the statesmanship of her Majesty ' s advisers . Universal distrust and , dismay , wretchedness , anarchy , and strife , whilst properly calling forth expressions of concern and lamentation , must also excite the public condemnation of our rulers , to whose sal-administration existing evils may be chiefly , if not wholly , traced . The' Speech , ' while lamenting the distress of the people of Ireland , and speaking indefinitely of measures to be introduced , intended to < advance the
uubiui vvuuixvm v * » uv > | iwvjii \( j \ iUUIIlbU kllblblTlLlt a demand for coercive measures to prevent ' the perpetration of crime in certain counties and districts' in that country . Every man possessed of the common feelings of humanity , must deplore the frightful assassinations and outiages of which Ireland has been and is the theatre . But for such an unnatural state of things there must be some unnatural cause . Assassination is no more a pastime of the Irish than it is of the English . The truth is , a civil war exists in Ireland , a war of classes ; the war of the rich against the poor , and of the poor against the rich . Victims fall on both sides , but with this distinction , the victims belonging to the ranks of poverty are murdered accordina to law . while the victims belnnirinp to the
» UIV . llfgumvuiU , UbllMlg JJU | classes , of course sympathise with those of their own order who fall in this mortal strife , and are eager to vote for any measures of coercion to protect the rich oppressor from the bullet of the poor oppressed . Treated as a conquered country , the lands of Ireland have been repeatedly confiscated for the profit of military adventurers and alien aristocrats . Spoliation , enforced by atrocious laws , has excited the undying hatred of the spoiled against the spoilers . The cultivators of the soil generally hold their farms entirely at the mercy of their rapacious landlords , and nossess neither securitv of tenure , nor thi
UU 1 I (/ X W & ****\ S *«««* VUUIUWUdUUUU 'Ul Jliiljl M VflUVllVi ' t wheh , though made at the cost of the tenant , the landlord may appropriate by resuming possession , whenever induced thereto by cupidity or ill-will . Ejectments are of frequent occurrence . A landlord desires to rid himself of one , or a score , or a hundred tenants , obnoxious on account of their poverty , ortheir political principles , or their religious belief , or because he can more profitably dispose of his (?) land , and forthwith the doomed victims are served with notices , of course' according to law , ' to leave their homes and the ground they have tilled—their onlv source of subsistence . Should thev refuse to
ouey me * , tne ponce ana soldiery are marched to the help of the landlord , and their bayonets are employed to drive the wretched peasants from their -violated homes . The usual course is to set fire to the habitations of the victims , who often perish by the road-side of cold and hunger . Only within the last few weeks the tenants of Major Ormsby Gore , located in the townland of Leganotner , in the county of Leitrim , were driven from their homes by fire and sword . A detachment oi military with a strong force of police , aided the landlord ' s agent to burn down ten houses , by which fifty-five human beings were rendered homeless . Of the ten families I quote the names of three : —
• John Quinn and wife , two in family ; himself aged eighty-seven ; was dragged from his sick bed , and laid on a wad of straw , to see the house in which these eighty-seven years were spent burned . ' Pat . Donohue , seven in family , held five acres of land ; Pat . Donohue being in Scotland earning the rent , his wife and five children , just recovering from fever , refused to leave the house , but the fire being applied , she teas forced to depart . ' John Quinn , four in family , held seven acres of land ; his family recovering from fever could scarcely crawl out before the house was burnt .
I am unable to state whether any of the abovenamed victims of Major Ormsby Gore ' s cruelty have-actually died in consequence of being deprived of the means of food and shelter , but there is every probability that want , cold , and fever , have produced their usual consequences , and consigned at least some of the sufferers to that refuge < where the wicked cease from troubling , and the weaiy are at rest . ' Be that as it may , I should be glad to learn wherein the above-stated' ejectment' falls short of the crime of murder ? Is it to be wondered at that landlords fall by the bullet of the' assassin ?' Is there not need of a Coercion Bill to compel the landlords to cease from their legal assassinations ?
The' usual food' of the people of Ireland has again partially failed , aud thousands are now in a state of starvation . The frightful details laid before Parliament by the Irish members on the very first night of the session , might have excited sympathy in the coldest heart . That the potato is the' usual food ' of the Irish people [ is infamous enough ; but , that food having failed , thousands should be permitted to die of starvation , while an abundance of other and better food has been produced within the past twelve months , is still more infamous . The quantities of grain imported into Great Britain from Ireland in the first six months of the present year amounted to 39 , 852 quarters of wheat ; 7 , 577 quarters of barley ; 55 , 792 quarters of oats ; 98 , 588 cwt . of wheat-meal or flour ; and 26 , 943 cwt . of oatmeal : besides many thousand heads of oxen , bulls .
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cows , cahaj&rjHgs , and other lire stock , and tons of bacon , pUMfed . pork * , butter , &c , &c . . I maintain wat Uhe pw ^ lucer should be the first partaker o < fi ) L f ?** # <* tl"rt no human bemg in Ireland # M Pe | $ ; to half-starve upon the potato , or 7 jV ^ H- through totally wanting that usual woo , wne |* etter food is produced in abundance . Since Jal ^ Jhe importations into this country have continnedj ^ d are at this very time going on . The Btamng ^ eojjle seeing the food taken away from un der ¦ that ^ es , with no prospect but death in its mosttadwugjfcrm ,. are fast coming-to the conclusion , that tfife * better to die by the-sword than to perish ofhnijger , ' and the Government seems fully determm ^ tonry thr , 8 . woi ; d ; a 8 a means of compel-Ung thetahi ugjifintlyytuid despairingly to bow to theirfegrful docn . : ' " ' ' '
^ pwfcfej&r the present those additional sources &&gjlto Iftlandi— ' Absenteeism , ' the « Established ^^ teP » ' and the thoufanpVojiner grievances of 5 W § Mgfcnen justly complain ; ., I may , however , jj Pf Bflip hat at-the late election , the eulogists of | mHB | Bkr 8 ' ; on boasted that' his lordship' pos-HMHraperjiv in Ireland from which he derived a ^ nHKof ii 8 , 000 a year . The boast of . the Mp «|| w ] ug 3 * iiiie execration of Irishmen , who too wWcoSprehe ' nd the curse inflicted upon-their country by absentee landlords . On the first night of the session Mr Henry Grattan asked , Ho > r was it in Donegal ? "Why did not Lord Palmerston go back and live there ? ( Hear , and a laugh . ) It was a common phrase , ' Sell up the Irish landlords ; ' he ( Mr Gbattan ) would not object to that , at least he would sell up Lord Palmbbston . '
I find from a number of the Montreal Herald that your misrepresentative has been a sharer in the landlord conspiracy to' weed out' the ' surplus population . ' I pray you , men of Tiverton , read the following extract from the above-named paper : — So late as tbe 30 th , at October , the Lord Ashburton arrived at Grosse Isle , with a cargo of 475 emigrants , of WHOM NO LESS THAN 107 BAD DIES OH THE VOTAOE . Sixty more were sick , and on beard the steamer to which the passengert were transferred five deaths occurred between tbe quarantine ground and Quebec . Many of tbe passengers by this vessel have since arrived in Montreal , and have the most wretched appearance . The vessel was from the west of Ireland , and a labog
PORTION Of TOE PA 88 ENQEBE ABE SAID Te BE FBOH tORD pamiebbton ' s ibtateb . 'What they are to do here this winter it is impossible to say ; there seoms to be no other resource for them than public charily . Had it Bet beeu that the present season is unusually mild , there is great reason to believe that few of them would hare escaped death from the cold in the Gulf . Up to this time , however , the weather has continued fine and open ; and they have escaped one danger , only to fall , in too many instance , ly the stroke of fever . Mark you the above , men of Tiverton . Out ef 475 ' emigrants , ' One Hundred and Twelve
HAD DIED BEFORE THE VESSEL ARRIVED AT Quebec . * Died ? ' MURDERED by the landlords ot the West of Ireland . ' A large portion' of the victims are said to have been shipped from Lord Palmerston ' s estates !!! The Tiverton Whigs will act wisely if , in future , they ' sing small ' concerning Lord Palmerston ' s virtues as an Irish landlord . Yet another extract from the Montreal Herald . — Yesterday , the 10 th of November , another emigrant
ship seached Quebec , from Sllgo . The mobtalitt has ElEN that of AN ABUT : on the passage , 3 , 909 ; at Grosse Isle , 3 , 453 ; in ships at quarantine , 1 , 382 ; at the Marine Hospital , Quebec , 1 , 000 ; muking 9 , 634 j and ( Am fearful aeooiwt doet not include the deaths ot the sheds and Hospital in Montreal , Kingston , Toronto , Bylovm and Hamilton ; or those toftie ' i have occurred unnoticed and « nknotcn ty the wayside , and in the small taverns of tht country parts . In Montreal , the average number of sicU in the hospital during the weekending November 6 th has been 702 , aad the deaths sixty-six .
Here it is recorded that THOUSANDS of the peasantry of Ireland forced to' emigrate , ' have died of hunger and pestilence , either on their way to Canada , or on their arrival in that country , —murdered , I assert , b y the Irish landlords . Shall not these victims be avenged ? Where are the eloquent legislators , and fulminating journalists to demand protection for the lives of the people ? Alas ! ' Landlords are privileged to kill , And numbers sanctify the crime , ' The Bill brought into the House of Commons on
the 29 th of November , by Sir George Grey ' for the better prevention of crime and outrage in certain districts of Ireland , ' has been accepted by the iham-Libcrals of the house and even by some of the pretended Repealers , on the ground that it is a milder measure of coercion than any former measure of the kind . But had I been in the House of Commons I should have felt bound to have voted with the hon . member for Nottingham against the introduction of the Bill . The principle points of the proposed enactment are as follows :
1 st . The Lord Lieutenant to have the power to declare any district in a state of disturbance . 2 nd . The Lord Lieutenant to have the power to increase the constabulary force in any proclaimed district to any extent he may think necessary . 3 rd . The Lord Lieutenant to have the power to prohibit , within the district or districts proclaimed , all persons , with certain exceptions , from carrying arms . The exceptions are'justices of the peace , persons employed in her Majesty ' s army or navy , in the coast-guard service , in the revenue , in the police ,
m the constabulary , special constables , and persons licensed to kill game . ' A further list of « exceptions' follows , including collectors of the poor rates , and guardians of the poor . Another class it is proposed to grant licenses to , to carry arms the licenses to be granted by officers of the constabulary . All persons unlawfully carrying arms may be arrested by the police and their arms taken from them , and all persons suspected ot carrying arms may be searched by the police , the arms , if found , to be for . feited to the Crown .
4 th . Persons are not , by the above provisions , absolutely prohibited from having armsin their houses , but the Lord Lieutenant is to have the power to issue a further proclamation , calling on all persons not within the exceptions above enumerated , to apply for licenses to retain their arms ; persons not applying for or not obtaining such licensis to deliver up their arms at the nearest police station by a certain day ; any office against this provision to be punished as a misdemeanour . Persons suspected of keeping arms in defiance of the proclamation to have their houses searched by the police j the arms seized to be forfeited to the Crown .
Such appear to be the principal provisions of Sir George Grey's bill . Bearing in mind the actual state of things in Ireland—that a ' civil war' is actually raging between the possessors of property and the heirs of poverty , —you will perceive that thisbillis devised for the purpose of exclusively arming the one set of combatants , and disarming their opponents . The landlords have , and always have had , the army , the police , and all the physical force of the government on their side . They have
also had' the law on their side , ' with all the law ' s working power—judges , juries , policemen , spies , gaolers , and hangmen . Sir Geo . Grey ' s bill will increase the military constabulary , and give power to the landlords to disarm the people . The most odious portion of this' mild measure' is that which authorises domiciliary visits b y the police in search of arms . This is , in fact , handing over the peasantry to the tender mercies of a ruffianly force , universally infamous from its past atrocities .
The Whigs tell us that coercion is not their policy , that they are compelled to propose tbeii new Arms Bill to protect the lives of the landlords , but that they mean to propose remedial measures ' to advance the social ¦ condition of the people . ' If they mean this why are not their measures ready ? They have had months to prepare them , yet now they are only talking of a landlord and tenant bill ; a bill to promote the sale of encumbered estates ; a hill for the amendment of the
grand-jury system , &c . When these bills are introduced and made law , if ever that be , Ireland will still be no nearer to a state of tranquillity . Why ? Because it is not in Whig ministers and an assembly of landlords to do justice to the unrepresented people . There will be no real justice to Ireland until the Pjbople of the three countries elect their own repiesentatives under the provisions of the People ' s Charter . The oppressed millions may then , but not till then , rightlthemselves .
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... Gentlemen , I will venture to hope that , in justice to the people of Ireland , and in justice to yourselves , you will disclaim the bungling and unjust legislation which Lord Palmerston and his colleagues desire to see sanctioned by the new parliament . You may do so . byjystitidrUng j ^ aihst ' Sic George Grey ' s bill . At the same time demand of Parliament justice to the tenantry of Ireland , —justice to the unwilling idlers who ought to be placed on the untilled land" of Ireland ; and justice to the Irish as a people , by the restoration of their rights and franchises . By so doing you will at least prove that the people of England are not the enemies of the peopleof Ireland . I am , Gentlemen , Your faithful Servant ,.
Geo . Julian Harney . Brompton , Middlesex . December 1 st , 1 ^ 47 , ' . . ; . ' P . S . December 2 nd . —Since the above letter was put into type , I have , seen a copy of the New Coercion Bi | I , and have fijund'ii ' to be a far worse measure tbjn I had supposed from , Sir Geo . "Grey ' s descrijifipnot it . -Irjetaons . in a . f proclaimed district' found carr | ni |; arm ' s , roaj ^ e imprisoned for two y . eijjs , wi % or without hardt ^ bour . The same pwri&hmeiiVis to be'ineterJ otflti »^ tnpBd who hiving arms in their houses omit 1 o give theft up after-hav-> ing had / notice foilo so . The like ' . pains ., and , pe . malties' arealso ' ttf fall upon all those who , being between the ages of sixteen and sixty , and who having bean summoned by the constables to aid them in hunting out suspected criminals and often , iiers , refuse to assist in pursuing or informing
against the suspected . Two years imprisonment , with or without hard-labour , for refusing to perform the part of an informer , or a blood-hound ! Such are some of the merciful provisions of this * mild measure ! ' In fact Sir Geo . Grey ' s bill is a declaration of war against the people of Ireland . Mr O'Connor has appealed to his countrymen against this bill , and I appeal to you , men of Tiverton , and through you to my countrymen , the men of England , to oppose this atrocious measure by every possible legal means . Mr O'Connor and the brave minority who support him must be supported by the people . Let the petitions of the English people testify to Ireland that the oppressors of the one nation are the misrepresentatives of the other •—that Grey , Russell , and Palmerston are the enemies of both .
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Ashtox-under-Lyhk . —On Monday evening last , a meeting was held in the Cliarlestown meeting room , to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning Parliament against the passing of the intended Coercion Bill for poor Ireland . About half-past seven o ' clock , Mr John Brooks was called to the chair . Richard Pilling moved the iirst resolution in a speech of considerable length , showing the sufferings of the Irish people ever since the English first landed in thatjeountry down to the present day . James Tay . lor , having been called upon to second the resolution , did so in a few brief remarks . The resolution was carried . Mr James Mulligan then came
forward to move the second resolution , which he did in a very excellent speech . Mr Harris seconded the resolution , which was put and carried . Mr Batty was then called upon to move the adoption of the petition , which he did with a lew remarks , and then read the petition to the meeting . Mr Greenwood then came forward , and in a very neat speech , seconded the adoption of the petition , whjck- « as carried , amidBtthe plaudits ot the meeragil 5 | Ste oi « ft , thanks was then given to the ohahn ^ tan'diWme \ t' X ing separated . T . I WT ^^/ ffftS vmm&k ¦ tmmr * vamm
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m THE POLISH REVOLUTION . IMPORTANT PUBLIC MEETING . The annivenary of the Poliih Insurrection of 1889 , was celebrated on Monday last , the 29 th of November , by a public meeting , at tbe German Society ' s Hall , Brurjlaao . The meeting had been called by the society of In . terual Democrats , In conjunction with the Democratic Committee for Poland ' s Regeneration . The room was crowded with natives of England , Scotland , Ireland , France , Germany , Belgium , and Poland . Mr John AiNOir was elected president . Having stated the abject of the meeting , th « chairman called on Mr Stall-wood to move the first resolution . Mr Stallwood , after recounting the heroism of the brave Polesat Warsaw , and their unbounded devotion to the cau 6 e •( liberty , and eulogising the ' Cracow muni , festo ' as a model for democratic creeds , moved the first resolution as follows : —
' That we regard the djsmembsrment ' of Poland as an atrocious crime worthy ef the everlasting execration of tha huraun race . That we remember with grateful admiration the heroic efforts made by the Palish people in 1830-31 fur the recovery of their country ' s independence . That we honour the sacred memories of tke martyrs who have ptrishud in tha glorious struggle to redeem their nation from » lavery ; and ^ hat we sympathise with alUhe victims of oppression at present suffering in dungeons , chains , and exile . ' The Chairman then introduced
-. Mv Ebnest Joints , jo second the resolution . Mr Jones said : To night , seventeen years ago , Poland woke from h « r death-aleep , for her death-struggle ; to-night , seventeen years 8 go , she strained her bleeding limbs on tb « Russian rack , and burst her cords ; to-night , seventeen years ago , she rose from a province into a nation ( Cheers . ) Warsaw was silent . Russia never lessexptcted insurrection—when the flame burst forth . Mr Jones then gavu a vivid description of the progress and triumph of the insurrection in Warsaw , particularly dwelling ou the circumstance , that until the populace jrere armed , the issue was doubtful . Then the effect was electrical , and in a few hours , Con 6 tftntine , the mighty prince , hadpassad the barrier of Mockstow , with hi& ll , »« 9 R \ miatw , and tpent the night a shivering outcast , beneath a luafless tree . ( Applause . ) The speaker
then alluded to the subitquent course of the insurrection , and wpressed his belief tbat it would have been successful , had it been an insurrection of the people , instead of tlie aristocracy—had it been based on a manifesto , like the glorious one of Cracow . ;( Cheers . ) But still we need not despond—Poland is ready for a freBh struggle—we have an army of martyrs to canonise w * have an army of heroes to come—and the aspect of Europe torebodcB thtir triumph . The speaker then showed how every country in Europe was on the brink of internal change , analysed the secret weakness of tbe great powers , and , after a forcible and stirring allusion to Ireland , concluded by calling on his hearers to prepare for the approaching struggle at home and abroad , Mr Jones ' s speech was one of great force and eloquence , and exeitod enthusiastic applause .
M . Micuelot , in an energetio speech , delivered ia the French langaage , supported the resolution , which Tfps carried unanimously . Cari Schappeb roBe , amidst great applause , to move the second resolution , and said : Citizens , when men struggle onwards for truth and liberty . in a great cause though they may not at first succeed , they must ultil mately prevail—and such men were worthy of all honour —and hence he said honour to the brave Poles . ( Loud cheers . ) Honour to those who died before Warsawhonour to those who died by the hand of the public executioner—honour to those who perished in the mines of Siberia , and to those who fell at Cracow , and to all the martyrs for liberty . ( Great applause . ) In July , 1839 , France had her revolution , and in the November follow .
ing , the cry for universal liberty prevailed , and many wished Poland free from Russia , but did not wish Polish serfdom abolished ; and he verily believed , had it not been for this desire on the part of the Polish nobles te perpetuate the slavery of the masses , the revolution would have succccded , and the whole Slavonic race would now have been free . ( Loud cheers , ) But the Pqlish proletarians asked , 'What is it to us if Poland be free from Russian domination , whilBt I am subject to the knout of the Polish noble 1 ( Hear , hear . ) Well , the revolution failed and ^ Poland ' s sons emigrated , carrying the 6 eed 8 of freedom with them to Germany , to France , to England , and other nations , and returned with renewed spirit to tha Polish soil In 1845 ; and
issued their famous and ever glorious manifesto of democratic sentiments from the Republic of Cracow . ( Great applause . ) But , ala » , the effort was futile , the bad Beed own In 1830 produced a bad harvett , tbe tyrants were euabled to employ the peasantry against the patriots , and the revolt was crushed , and the black spirit of Met ! ternich again gloated in the blood of the fallen martyrs of Poland . ( Hear , hear . ) But happily fraternity was fast spreading , the principles of political and social equality were abroad . ( Loud cheers . ) Look a * Switzerland . ( Great applause . ) And liberty would progress in spite of the old Woodless spider of the TuillerieB . ( Groans for 'the spider . ' ) The Swiss Radicals had beaten Louis-Philippe and Guizot . Then came the beautiful Lord Palmersten . who said ' Let us hare the
thing settled amicably . ' Ay , responded the bolplcss old spider of Paris , ' ' that ' s just what I wanted . ' ( Laughter . ) And not a single regiment had entered Switzerland , the old spider dared not send them . ( Loud cheers . ) Well , this was tbe progress of democracy . Who were the conspirators now ! Wh y , Metternich , the bloodless old spider in Franee , Lord Palmerston and the- JesuitB . ( Loud cheer »() But the people would very quickly put down their conspiracy . ( Great cb «« r . Ing . ) He had some glorious news for tkem , a Demo , cratic Society , that was a Society of Fraternal Demo crats had been established in Brussels , and that societv had sent a deputy , the learned Dr Marx , to represent them at this meeting . ( Great applause . ) Citizen Sohapper here read the following document -. T , the fXemlcrSof the Sniety of Fraternal Dmmat 3 .. _ _ AuetMmg in London .
' We , the undersigned members of the committee ottU Democratic Society , establiahed at Bru Jh for Id vaHciBgtheUnioaand Fraternity of Sa Ls hat nr i 7 n ° ^ 8 at 6 t . ° ' Dr Charles M « n vice-Efn ?»• C r mittec ' forth 0 Purpo « e of estabhshing relat . ons of corrtipondence and sympathy be-UeenthetwoBOcieties . M . Marx has full power to act in the name of this committee for the purposes above mentioned . 'We present to ycu our fraternal salutations . .. . 1 Meuinet ( General ) , honorary-pre 8 iclen . t ' Joitband , president . ' Imbert , vice . preeicle&t . 1 Picard , secretary . Geobqk Weebth . ' Leuweli , Brussels . Nov . 26 tb , 1847 , ' !
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jPtutionl . ' Peufion ! 'Petition ! . against the Bloody Coercion Bill ! and pour ' thern jn all the debate closes . .
To The Irish People.
TO THE IRISH PEOPLE .
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¦ ' . P * % i ¦' i ^ tf ^ Rw ^ rfc aildrcus was rcreivi d with fn' . rusl ' . « "C * Pp ™|»? ' 'O . Scbapper after highly tompllmeiaing the grJ ^ t . Pol ^ h patriot Lelewell , and the grey-haired vnieranM . ' th ^ JohUd of the French Republic '—General MelUjttej | 'concluded by proposing the following resolBtioff 54 * J . ' ¦ ' " ¦ - ¦ ' Clfiig |^ IeJ gingall th ^ aid in our power to Polish patriot wo'idisire to , express eur unqualified dissent fromttiewiatdcratio spirit which go foully influenced tbe Btrnsule of 183 jh ¦/ Wereoogniaa itf the Cracojw Manifesto ( if 1845 the manifestation of Polish progress , embracing tfi ? V | soa < l . principles of political democrac ? and social ju «( lc ' e , on which alone can be founded veritable liberty and public happ iness . ' ¦ . .
T .-Li'cas in seconding the resolution , expressed his pleasure in meeting so many of hie brother democrats . Certaln . be was that when the English democrats ( tke Chartists ) obtained , tbtir liberty , that they would be enabled to say to ' tbe old spider in Parjs , ' and all other tyrants 'thus far 6 hall ye go but , , no farther . ' ( Cheers . ) The resolution was then unanimously adopted . Dr Marx , tha jffj legate from Brussels , thencame forward , and nasgreeted with every demonstration of weltom ' e , ftnd * delivered aa energetic oration in the German InagBngc , the substance of which was as follows—He had been sent by theDembcra » s of Brussfls . toWeak in their name to the Democrats of Londou . ' and through them to
the Democra t s of Britain , to call on them to cause to be aolden a congress of nations—a congress of working men , to ostabllsh liberty , allovcr the world . ( Loud cheers , } The middle classes , the Free Trader ; , bad held a congress , but their fraternity was a one sided ^ o ' ne and the moment they found tbat 6 uch congresses were likoly to benefit working men , that moment their fraternity would ceaso , and their congresses be dissolred . ( Hear , hear . ) The Democrats of Belgium felt that the ChartiBts of EngiaRd were the real D mocrats , and that the moment they carried tbe six points of thtir Charter , the road to liberty ' would be opened ' to the whole world , . ' Effect thi » - grand object , then , youworking unn . of England , ! said the speaker , ' and you will be hailed at the saviours of the whole human race . ' ( Tremendous cheering . )'
Julian HAENKT ' . moved the nort reiolutior /' aB fo > ldws : — ¦ "' . '¦ ' ¦ i - 'Thatthis meotlng'Trjoices to learn oftbje astablishment of a Society of Fraternal Semocratvin Brussels ,. * ni WBpon $ B 6 vto . ; : $ ie . laVliancsyoftered by .- . Qiat jociaty , receive * iti . delegate , DrMftrx ; with every' f «« llng oi fralernal regard . ; aadtiw ? meeting haili with exaltation the proposition to hold a . Democratic Congress of all nations ,, pledging itself to send delegates to that Congress whenever lummoned by the Fraternal Democratic Societies of London and Brussels . ' The mover of the resolution then proceeded to address tbe meeting at considerable length , on the Polish iiisnf rection of 1 S 30 , the progress of Chartism , the prospect of an energetic movement in this country for . the obtainmentof this Charier , the importance of the seciety of Fraternal Democrats , and the vast utility ef the suggested Democratic Congress of all nations . His remarks were enthusiastically cheered .
Mr Stali . wood seconde 4 the resolution , which was carried unanimously . : Three thundering cheers were then given for the glorious Lelenell , tbree for the heroic Generai wclllnct . aud three for tho democrats of Brussels . * Chables Keen moved the fourth resolution :=.- i . ¦ Iv . i ' . v . 4 That recognising the brotherhood of * il wen , v > cuaider it our duty to straggle for the trinvip ' i of ' 3 tr .. rn :. rr > - tls principlos In all countries , and beH > vn : ur — ' ¦ : --establUbment « f the 'People ' s Charter' would -niabia the people of Great Britain to afford aid to the Polish eause , more effective than the paper ' jrotMts * hiitcrto employed by the British government , we hail ivul . yy the prospect of an energetic effort on tlie . pr . rc oi ho British people to obtaia the legislate recognition And parliamentary enactment of their long-withheld rigbti and franchises . '
The speaker said they taught Universal Brotherhood , because they felt the evils resulting from the want of it . Very true , at churches and cha jcls on a Sunday , they were told that' we are all brethren , ' but should it rain on their leavingsuch churches or chapels , and they were to attempt to get into some of their wealthy brethren ' s carringes , what a row there would be . ( Loud laughter . ) Yet , tea minutes before those very same men would have been responding to the sentiment , ' All men are brethren . 'dlear , hear . ) Notwithstanding this , Fraternity , was a great truism , and before any great lasting and practical good could be accomplished , it must be universally acknowledged , ay , and practised too . ( Loud cheer 6 . ) They had met to celebrate the Polish Rovolutlon , aud tho question , was , what could they do to aid Poland ? Without power -nothing . Let them get the Charter and they would have power . ( Cheers . )
Citizen Enoels ( from Paris ) , in seconding the reso ' ution ' said—Fellow Citizens , this commemoration of the Polish Revolution is not only an advantage to Poland but to the whole world , as is causes the principles of democracy to be spread far and wide . ( Hear , hear . ) He , as a German , had great interest in Polish success , as it would much hasten liberty in Germany , and freedom Germany had resolved to obtain sooner or later . ( I . oud cheers . ) And he firmly believed that no one nation could become free without benefiting all others . He had resided for some time in England , and was proud to boast himself a Chartist 'name and all . ' ( Greatcheering . ) Who were now their chief oppressors ! Not the aristocracy , but the wealth takers and scrapers , the middle classes . ( Loud cheers . ) Hence , it was the duty of the working classes of all nations to unite and establish
freedom for all . ( Rapturous applause . ) Citizen Tedesoo ( from Brussels , -who addressed the meeting in the French language in most eloquent terraB , which the following abstract does anything bur justice to ) , said the men of Belgium looked on the English democrats as a leading party , and trusted they would obtain that great measure , the People ' s Charter . He was delighted with the spirit that prevailed . He sho -Id return to Brussels , and relate the good and enthusiastic feeling with which the proletarians of this country \ ven £ imbued , and their determination to proceed until they ' had obtained their Charter , ap . d sure he was , that that measure Would carry with it a fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s labour . ( Hear , hear . ) And give such an impulse to the cause of progress , that the whole continent would follow , and universal liberty be established . ( Loud cheers . )
Colonel Odokski , a Polish ex'le , said , at the outbreak tfthe Polish Revolution , two hundred non-coRimissioned officers had kept three Hussian regiments at bay , and when some of tne regiments found it was against Poland they were fighting , they turned their nrms and fought against their oppressors . Although Old Poland was dead , xoung Poland would arise , and become far mightier than her ancestor , ( loud cheers . ) Ho yet hoped to see Poland the first battle field for liberty . With grateful thanks to the inghsh people he would shout ' Hurrah for Democracy ! ' ( Great applause . ) Citizen Engi . es here said , that he had but recently come from Paris , and that the real democrats in that city were in favour of a Congress of Nations . ( Loud cheers !) Ine resolution was then carried unanimously . Julian Harney agaiucarae forward and read extracts tram the defence of Louis Mieroslawski , one of the chiefs of the insurrection of 1846 , and now lvincin the dungeons
01 iSerhn under sentence tf death . The readme of the said extracts excited great seusation in the meeting . J . iiarney then said , ho had been particularly gratified by the remarks of his friend Eugcls . He was K lad to see that the feeling of fraternal sympathy for the Poles was strong amongst the Germans . He was sure that it' once the Germans obtained their liberties , they would hasten , to perform « i great act of national reparation , by unoVntr the work which the Austrian and Prussian despots helped Catherine to uccomplish-the destruction of Poland . He knew that if Frenchmen were free , if tlioy had broken down that disgraceful despotism which had * prostrated their country to the lowest depths of shame , their first thought would he the liberation ofl ' oland . ( Cheers- )
The next time France marched in the direction of M osi-ow it would i > ot bo with an Emperor for her leader . It was a maxim of Napoleou ' s , 'that apolitical blunder was worse than a political crime , ' He was guilty of both crime and blunder of the worst character ; when on reachine Warsaw on his march to Russia , he refused to proclaim the restoration ofl ' oland . Had he proclaimed the rcnub licofX ' olandtotht lull extent of its ancient boundaries ho would have re-created the soul of a nation , and twenty nnlhuns of people would have formed his army of reserve -an army animated by an unconquerable spirit of enthusiasm and devotion to their emancipator , kit no Napoleon though the scourgcr of kings was the f-wut ot the people ; though the most deadly enemy of ' ' dWne right , 'he was not less the enemy of popular sovereignty W \ Eft ° /? , > r mst 0 the ^ "rtirernAutocraRt te ™ tfor 1 oland , and the other nations tra . m . led under that autocrat ' s iron heel . His selfishness foundShe reward it merited . When feint before the ~ w
unce ot the uossack , and the still more dreadful shaftl of the icy tempest and the snow-storm , with their auxiliaries famine and pestilence ; then Napoleon found Poland no rampnrt of defence , kehind which he intent have thrown himself to give his stricken hosts time to breathe , and turn u pon their pursuers . Ho had refused to recall Poland to life , and so when he needed her livirir arm to save him from the blows of the Muscovite , that arm was not . But the coming republic would rep « ir the political crime of the Emperor , and the day was nHi at at hand when France would be a Republic and tlio peo . pie of England havei their Charter . ( Great applause . ) The speaker concluded by moving a vote of thanks to the
Carl Sciumn seconded the vote oi thanks , which was supported by Mr Isaac Wilson , who opresiedhow much more pleased he was with the proceedincTl chad just witnessed , than he was with those of a Si fid some fortnight since under the presidency Jf DrBow nng at the Crown and Anchor , at which ho was neces KSA ^ jsssiJSr * affi& ^ T fifflS - 'ttSS ; Tim ! Inn . ™ V , a"d three dreadM Swan , for tho The 'Mflr 8 oM ^ ,, f ' and Adstbu » Observes . ' stvkbvH « } ymnlms then sanS ta- « PletH » d ceelings ' tlosed these interebting pro-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 4, 1847, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1447/page/1/
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