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THE FRENCH REPUBLIC . Klierin * the mnt- ^«» ff ^ fi 5 ? 2 £ 6 « of th- greatest im ^ rwnw t 0 ^ her ^ Ts- ' ^ sSSrA'sa S ^ jstf ^ " - SS 2 iB SSft ^ in-oor lrti number . 10031 T 3 H LiTS CONFLICT AT BOOBS . The tVIo * ing address was issued last week by Blan
^ TO THE PSOTISlOS'it . G 1 YESHHEKT . C frens—The counter-revolution has already oatbeitself in the bM "f the people . Justice , immediate jje-4 ic * en the assassins ! . . For two nwatbs past the Royalist 6 our < 7 »^ e o . Roc * n h »« mwire < Iia secret a St Bartholomew «««* jj ' wrkiDSclanci . It had re * dy an imnun . e provision ef cmridses . The . uthorhi . ¦ were a ~ are of it . Words of d « ath have ten heard from tune to M s ft » pr « enr « iT « mntM . « of the catastrophe . We mart *>^ 4 « e « n « iifef . ' (/ I / - * ^ r ^ !
© r 3 x » aBof th « i r visional government , how comes it itatu- ^ months haT . pa « Bed without t * e worths Po nktioa ofE-raen end the neighbouring valley * hanngbeia oreamsed as Katlonal Oasrd * ? frjwcoises it that tbe aristocracy alone poueued equation ani arm , ? Box cornea it at the moment ^ e mention Of its fearful conspiracy it fouud before It ncirmed bosoms alone ? B » comes it that the 23 th R ^ ment of the L ' ae , the fetal heroes of the Faabourg de Yaiss in 1831 , was quartered in Roaen ? , How comes it that the BtttUon was at the orders o nienli dtciweAenunirt of the R « pnbHe , -of a General Gerard , the creature and the ame damnu of Louis Fm lisp- ^ They th ' . rsted for a bloody vengeBi . ce , these assassin .. of the fallen drn ^ ty ! They wanted al i April massacre to uuote them for a sec « d July- They have not needed
^ S ^ s of Apr il , scarcely trro months after the reroltttjon ! ThiS * BS qatCfe work , citf « as o . tbe Pro . *^ d LS ^ rWanting to complete this new wene ef April ! Keitker prapeshot , nor ball ., ncr demolhhed ftoJU nor « state of siree . nor the ferocity of tbe milt ttrr northeinsaltto th . bodies of the dead nor ¦ *« nu ' Rum . feral ** U « mp of the papen . ftow das-£ dly . orAisp . » of force ! The Baa Tran ^ csain has E « irp « Mi ! Those « ho read the recital of the e exploits of brigands nay im ^ ns themselves rewmed to SLratsJ dw . -Wch formerly covered France with " rS ^ S one ^^ the wae-the same the victim * On the one side tbe frantic &wy » Jiie pnrtdnff on from behind to tberarrhge tbe foolish EOldiers whom they bad Okd Kith wine and hatred ; on the other , nnbappj TOlSmen Wire without defence beneath the balls and
To complete tbe nrScmMonee , look at the Cour Eoysle —the Judges of Louis Philippe ftHtag , Hkeahr « i » - wtcfe ^ ponth ? r : nwantof the mas = 8 cr 9 . end fiUicgdunrocni with t « o hnodrtd and fifty Republicans . At the iudoftWl itqiiBition is FranV Carre , the execrable Frocureur-GeBvral of the Oh « of Peers , —this slhtr laabardesont , who , ia May . 1839 . demanded withfreBry the heads of-. he insurgents . Warrants are sent as far « P « is for tbe arrtst of the patriots who fl d before this Roiatist prescription . It ig * Royalist terror that now rcfgns at Kouen . Do you n- > t know it . citi ^ ns of the provisional g vernment ? The Civic Guard of Rouen has rej eted wnh fury tbe Re . pabiieof the month of Febraary . It i « the Rrpubl * fjtfilart trhicbttMasptemea-tt u the Republic it d ,-lirest » overthrow . _ . ... ... thrown into
All the Rspa ' -lieans cf dd date have tctn iron ?; vonr own agents sra menaced with desth , deprive ! o ' f their places , girded . Themaaicipalmagistrates L ^ masson and Daraed , haTe been dra ged alon ? tte stteew-fee b .. « wt on their hearts , their dresse * tsra to rags . Th ^ y are in prison by tba authority of th . rebels ! It ia a Royslistinsnrrection thathas trmmpbed in the old capItUofKorEjandy ; end it is yen , Repnbi can QoTernment . who pro'ect the rebel aESaSEiaf . If thii tresson , Or is it cowardice ! Are yoa mere stepping stosc * , orar * jott the aceon-plictSf Figbtiae has gone on ; you know it well ; and jod aliow the hiih and mighty deeds of the murderers to be gloiioasly viauted on high ! In yonr eyeF , as in thatof tiegs , is tbe btooa cf the people m- re water—good for rausht hat to wash the choked struts from time to time ! Eff ice , then— eff < c « from your eaific = 8 thr . t de . t : stailelte in thr ^ e wni « which voa hav e inscribed mm&em-libtrty . ezvaliiy . fraternitgl
If yonr wiveaoryour aan « tiier 8 , brilliant and delicate CreitnteS , WhO drag about in sumptuous equipages their iidolence , all glitteri ^ with silk end gold , bad btin flani ?« tt at once at yonr feet , their bosoms torn by tbe stee ! oJ pitiless enemue , what a howl of grief and rea . geano ? yoa wou ' . d cause to re-echo to tbe very extremities of the world ! Well , tt < -n . PO ' . p Enl Fee stretched upon the Eton *? Of yonr hospitals , opeti fie straw of 'he parrete , the co * p-. es cf ranrdfred wsmen , their tr . asts plersed r . y balls of the bourgeoisie : those breeils , mark jon , thai bars boree and snckled workmen , the sseat of whose fe » »{ tU&ftg ftosexerj 6 ourj « ia > The women of the people are worfh as mnch as yonr own wives eni d-. nghters ; end their blood cannot , mntt cot , r ^ m--in without btinf arcngeI . Justice , thea , jasti ^ a u ? jn the assassins . V 7 e
deassaa . — First ' y . —Tbe d ' siolation ana the dUanaing ef the fewjewi cusrd cf Ro'i n . Secondly , — . The arrfEtard trial of the generals and o 5 e ? rs of the bourgeois gosrd , and of the troops of the Ene , nbo ord < red and directed the massscre . Third y , —To * arroet rnd trial of those JOt-dfcr . nl ineEteTS of the Court of Appeal , cresteres named bj ? Louia PciJjppf , who . scting in tbe same and for the interests of the victorious Royalist faction , b . areimpriso 3 ed tha legitimate inaLi < trates * of this town , and filled its dnngtons with Republicans , Fourthly , Tbe immediate dismissal from Paris of all thetrropsofthelins . whem , atthisTtry momsnt , the reactionUtS are prtpiring , at fratricide bacqaets , fora S £ BircfialosiBfi- of the Patkiia workmen . Ia th . 5 name of the Central Rerub'ican Society , thB members of the Bureau : —
L . AugdsTE El « v « DI , President , C . LiCAHBSE , D M . P ., Vice-President , FtoTrr , Treasurer , PltEJKBEEirD . ) Lorose , > Seeretarle ? . d . RcBE&T , J LlCHiMBSiCDIE , ^ CnrssE , / Pcjol v . Members of the JiVELnT , Jan ., C Bureiu . BaccstK . y FOSfBE&TEiCS , J In reply to the above docimpnt srme of the pare , s published a letter signed * E . H- de la Pierre , Sub Lieutenant of Cl . a-eurs a Caeval , ' from which we give the following extract : —
A mist incredible publication by k . Blanqui , Lacajnore and oth ? r leaders of a too netorious club , was di « - tribatcd jeeterday ia all quarters of Paris . The olr " ea ' umny " that the artar t . urns to po « x its sbot upon it « fcrethren cf the nubile is repeated in every line . The good tense of the i ublic will do justice upon so gross ar indignity , I » thtr * any need for our declaring tbst war in the streets Is tuMul to u ? f Erery oneknoitfl that in na instance has the fire : fir- come from our rankr . Oar sense of duty , our love for France , have ever been our enly guides * and > t is EOt the least painful of the Facri-£ = es we are bouaS to make to onr eoasirj to be f < ' reed todafsnaonrlifesand oar honour as soldiers against unhappy men towards whom we bav 9 no animosity , * ndwbonitbe insensate pravocations of false friendan * ambitious and shameless men let Io-: se opon us .
The following is the copy of another placard issued by the Society of the Righta of Man and o < the Citizen , * signed amongst othero by the celebrated Barbes—SccisrE des Bkoits de l'Hohhe et do Citotek . — This foc ^ e ty has for it * orject—first , ' 0 refrnd tberigbtf of the people , the enrcisp of wbieh ha » been restored tfi thea by tbe revolmion of February — secondly , to draw froaiMs revolution all its *« ial consequences . As its point of departure , tfee society take ? the D'claratlon oJ the Ris htsof Han as laid duwn in 1793 , by Rib * spierre It easaes that ia a political poiat of view , tbe R » pub'ie
cas £ n 4 iadivigi-le , comprehends the : nsIieDab . ' p laws o ' te « people . Ia a social point of view , the Old CjIUtita tion is abolished , and that which is ceUe * to replace " inH ' t reft on i qaali'y , solidarity and fraternity th * ftmiamental prin : iple 3 of the new socit . 1 contract . Consegaentij , tbe social revolution now at its cemmenretnent places itself between the ParisB and the privileged of th BBcient state of society . To tbe first it 8 ay « — be nnite d fcutcalm . for in 'bis lien your strength . Tour ijnmbn is inchttat it must enfiice to manifest your will and mate Jon obtain ell yu desire . It is also such that joa SS tow will ere the voica snd tbe will of God . To th . oihereitw — tbe old social form has duappwen
Tbe reign of privileEe and cxp lmialion is pissed . Inthepo ntof view of the anc ^ nt soci . 1 form , if _ th * privUecc , with which y « ^ touted were acqmrec . in al ^ c al muw , do not avail yoarsehesof th . m , 'feeslaws wereyoar owe work ; the immense m-jority . l xenr breti . ren wrre stranger , to tbem . and therefore are ' rot bound , to r « pect them . Ea » y , then , together , ioi ton have need of the paidQn of thoS 9 whom j ^ u have . « fcng sacrificed . If , in spi'e of this prowie ofpartnH jen persist in remain ! ^ iro ' sud in order to defend th , ilds-ciHlft . rm . yon will find in the VMijinarrt , on the 18 j of e- nflict . our » e « ions organised , and yonrbrethn n * ilInoloi « -T how towards you the language of pardon 1 st that ofiostice .
-- _ - _ - - _ The deleeates of the society , TlLMS , KlIOtEOH i LEBDK . HCBEE , CalFFEOK , BiEBSS Scbv qaently the fullovin ? proclamation was issued f >; -Can $ s ~ 7 d < e . re . < be Prefect of Police ; --r * Ffctce e < -r Pottcc — Citizen ' , D .-. * k rumonrs eirealate for same days in all rants of toc ' . eiy . Written tr vtrtxl pr . voc » ilan » are addressed by em- purt of the population to the other . The doty of the Prefect o &jUce is to watch at all titaee over tie security of
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cttlzss « od tt » trinqailli ' y ufParW . Tbe agitation excited by theee appeals to disorder has called forth my si ' . icitotie . I hope that real rfpuVicana wlli understand hat to-day more than tver the government shonldreckoB on their energetic tupp'Tt , At the moment when tlii ^ : prestntB ^ iTe ^ of the people are about to unite , nrhen the gravest questions are about to be discussed , wh-n republican instiiutions are about to bec-iraa realitiep , to receire with she acchmations of popular sentiment the consecration of the pure and deliberate judgment ef the rtpresentaiires of tho people , sod aisnre its wdfare , when in short all the powers which constitute humanity are abrutto sanctify tbe republic , our idol , fball wp , oitizenB , form two homiie
ramps , ard show the world , tth ch nas its eyes en France , thit at the f . iot of car mnnumentf , where we h 9 re inscribed 'Liber' 6 , Egaliie , Fraterni' 6 , ' children of tne Fame common mother are in arms ngainst each other ? Tour magistrates , citiz-np , he , above a'l , t ? iat you have callri to the poit Which ho COllld only occupy to co : t ( 5 uc 3 to the utmopt of his means to the common security , will not believe such aa error . The slrnge'e of arms , when the arena n { free discussion is opened enn only be the work of trai'ors to tb . 3 republic , or midraen wishing to bring the disorders of their own imag nati .-n into the social system . But the republic renou-ices thera forhr cbiidren— 6 he feas only given birth to nrn of patriotic and generous mii \ ds , J-nd it is toroal repeblicans nhe will confine her desticies .
The Atelier , Citizen A'herfs organ , contained the Jollowisg article addrefsed
TO THS EET' ) MJTr > NISTS . If ynn ar ^ fliflsatisfied because the popular element is sot sufSe ' pntly r .-presented in tba Constituent A'sembly ws ar * of your opinion . If jouare disBB'iffnd because trl .-d Re |; ublican » , because able Socialists have n t seen tfcelr names issue trem tbe urn , we are ef your opinion . Ifyoa are ditsatitfiod atbtholdinff the Barrow and impuifsant Li'eralism of the old dynastic Left re . appearing on the political scene with a numerous coring , we are of yenr opinion . And not oely we are of your opinion , but we- belong to yourselves if you wish to act on tbe majority , nod oblige it bj all the means of the press , the spoken word , and association , to realise all tho institu tions which the time demands . We belong to yon to orevfEtthe light from being hid under a bushel , to cause
^ very idea to be brought forward , srd to show what it i » worth by brine subjected to the teg- of pub'ie discus-Sion . We fetlongto you to Rive an additional impulse U > the wheel of progress , to easBe the revolution of February to keep ito promUes , the sovereignty of the people to remain a verity , the working classes to at last possess the instruments ef Jnbonr . But if there are any em ngst yon Who ara unwilling , or v » bo do not know how to make Die of tte powerfol means given to erery one by the Hbtrty to speak , to write , to meet—if there are any nho are inc'in- 'd to proceed under the Republic sb they were forced to proceed under the Moaarcby , by an app < al to anas ; if there are any who think of such means , we are not with them , we are against them ; we snail con sider them as enemies , sod we shall treat them as usurpers of the sovereignty belonging to the people .
LAST ACTS OF THE PROVISIONAL G 07 ERXMENT . The provisional ecvernmf-nt showed to th . 9 very last the 8 arne activity which , during the two months of its existence had astonished the world . Oi the lust izv of its tenu'C of power , it issued proclamations , order ? , and decrees on every imaginable branch of tb « aAmimstrptlon . We select a few . The city of Paris is ordered toeontinne the rue Riroll to the rue St Antcinet and is authnri ? ed to raise nine millinns of francs for that purpose . The officers ¦ if the Garde R * publ c * ine ( a body of ultra-democrats , ) hare thrirgradescor . ferred , and rack given to them , as if they were in the regular army . The new coinage of the Republic is rppnteted and arranged , and an announcement is made that the
en-/ raviDg of the dye and matrix will be public compatition . The governors of the ex-rojal palaces are henceforth to be c = U < = d administrators , and their salaries are fixsd at 3 000 francs as the maximum , and 2 000 francs as the minimum . The old system of courts-martial h dote away with , and a new ene instituted Cottnn and wool are allowed to be ira ported by land ( as well as sea ) on payment of a duty Of 39 f . per 100 kilogrammes . The law for the reornitirg of the army is applied to tbe colonfes i and 50 distinction is to be made between coloured people snd others . The maritime inscription is also apolied to the colonies , and ateliers nationavx are to 03 established for the bsnefit of the emaacipated ue eroes . Lsstlr , ft great number of magistrates are dismiRsedi
OPENING OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY . On Thursday , the 4 * . h of May , the National Assembly was formally opened . All Paris seemed " determined ta ennsider this 80 . leamiLy as an occpsion to make a holiday , and n ? vsr did the weather Bhine m ^ re propitious to their wishes . The sun shone forth gloriously all day , wh l ? t a gentle br « zi tempered the heat , which wou'd o ? h ? rsvi ? p have bfen oppressiTe . The prepatatiocsto dohonnnrto the solemnity comiBencf A at sn early hf > ur in the morning . About nine o ' clock the drams beat to arm » , and the various leairms of the National Guard having assembled .
they proceeded to take tip their sfatiass . lining ? the who ' e wiy ff . ' m the Ministry of Justice in the Place Vendome , whence the cortege R'arted , up to the Chamber of Dpputie » . being interapswed here and tkere with a battalion or two of tbe Garde Mobile . Two fine reeimeote of the Iine > , » BeHth ; nl 61 ar , a sopprbreeimen * of Laneew , and an equally finpocc nf Dragoons , likewise avgemblfd in the Place Vendnms , in order to form part of the procession . As these trnoos marched np to their posts , they were enthusiastically cheered by tbe National Guard ? , whos ? detmnstrattong of regard they seemed to return with f q'lal enodwf I .
Abnut baff past twelve o ' clock the mincers of tbe Provisional Government Jeft the Ministry of Justice . Tho lint fixed for tbe prore 3 ? ion was np the Rue de l a Paix , along the Brulevards . dewn the Roe Royale , acr oss the Place de ) a Concorde and ? he bridge to the Chatrb ? r . Tbe whole wsy wa ? Hnen on both sides by National GuardB , while the streets and windows were cro-s-dpd by bappv-lcokins uppe ' -ators . First came a tquadron ef tbe cavalry of the National Guard—a splendidly monntei bndy < A men , followid by a party of lancers ; then came tbe members of the Provisional Government , on foot , aDd Rnrrounded by a numerous and brilliant staff .
Nothing could bs more enthusiastic or unanimous than the cheEr * with which they were received , and they seemed to receive with t-leasun * , a « they walked alons bareheaded , these tef time nials in tbpir iavnur , now that they were about tn resign into the hands of the oepular Assembly their arduous and laborious dnfie * . Their carriages / bllewed behind , and the whole party was escorted by laaeera . As the prncecioa tn <> 'ed on , tbe air resounded with cries of ' Vive la R ° Dnb ! ique , ' ' Vive la Gouvernement Provisnire . ' The only members particularised were MM . L ^ martins and Marrast , for whom many cries wereraised . The cortege was cl . ised by several hattalinns of tfee National Guards and the troops which had lined the streets , atd who fell in turn into the Una of march .
All the approaches of the Chamber were occupied at any earlT honr ; and even % patient crowd of aspirants for the dace * reserved to the pnblic without tickets passed tbe nieht in the open air to make sure of enteric g in the morning . Amon ^ the first of the members of the ex-Chamber of Drputies who arrived , were MM . Odilon Barrot , B'llaalt , Bereer , Isumbarr , and Larrabit , General Subervie , MM . St A'bin , Dupin , Blui de Bourdon Leon Faucher , Berryer , Tscherpaa , Bouiaix de Ia Menitlie , Luneau , and Havin . Shortlj aff ^ rwards theex-Marqui « de la R chejaquplin , the es- Viscount tie F *" nux . MM . Leon de Mallevi'le , Cormien . Glaije-Biznni , Vivien , the ex-Count de St Priest , and several others entered . In the crewd three
priPEta . in theirlecclesiastieal habits , were to be seen , mong whom the most remarkable was the Abbe Fnurnier , the Legitimist Curt of Naetes . A great sensation wa « created by the entry of the celebraced Abba Lacordaire , in his white Dominican habit . For some minutes every eye was turned upon him . He appeared ar-a ^ ned b » the general gsza and bas-M ' y retreated to one of tbe most remote feats in the Chamber . On the entry of the celebrated pret Beraneer , & great number of the members went np to him . and sbonk him cordially by the hand , among 'he foremost of whom were M Dapin and M . Berryer . Only one bishop was present , and he was not in his fnll ecclesiastical habit . Of the new members , with ? he exceptioB of th » Ee whom I have mentioned above ,
the persons « ho appeared to excite most curiosity trere M . Barbes . tbe detemie politique—a fiop , soidier . like msn ; M . Emat'iie ! Araso , whose reeent exploits at Lvons gained him Rome no ' oriety , the Abbei Laraennais ; M . Wollow ^ ki , the professor of the Ec « le des Atts et deB Metiers ; and M . Lucim Marat , the son of Murat , King of Naples , and nephew of Napoleon . The sppoirance of Aalouin , tbe ctal pnrler . whom the electors of Marseilles have cbnyen to send 88 their representative to the Natioral Assembly , in preference to M . Thierg , was eagerly looked to ; but every one was disappointed to find that instead of an orthodox portefcrix , he » a > * h"r . d nme j « un ? man , of good address , and ratber rechcrcM ' m his habi iraents . One of the remarkab ' e parts of tb"j whole affair was the absence in appearance or costume of the members who had been
elected undert he title of ouvrien The two galleries at each side of the clwk , at the end cf the halJ , were occuuied by the bloiiFed puM ' c , The gallery set aside , tor the corps diplomatique , was occupied h y the English ambat-sadi r and Lady N ^ nnanby , hii ! lordship being the only ambassador P'e < ent . and L"dy -N-nnanby heine tbe only hdy m t e arob'swdnrB ' -eallery . Lord Normand y was not in his official costume . Th- re wpre also is the 3 » . rae gallery the M nis'e's fir the United Sta-es , fnr the Republics of the Eq'iador , New Granada , nad for TuscaDV , M de Thfim , the ehancellier and charge d ' sff'ires of the Au-tnan erobasey , the charge d ' af-• airesof Haiti , Mr Ednarde 3 . of the British embas * y , &s & «• In other e » r _ erie 3 were some ladies , who Twra- stated to be the wives and families of the menirers of tbe Provisional Government .
At ( en minutes past one M . Andry de Puyre neau , therld ? at member , tofk the chair as provisional p-et-ident of the Chamber ; He was assisted by MM . de St Beare , Aylon , Fresnap , Astouin , Lan-
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geaunol , Ferruilot , and Avoud , as provisional seeretaries . Shortly afterwards the cannon , of the Inva lides announced that the members of the provisional government had arrived at the Chamber . The President immediately directed the members to tako their places and to preserve silence . Jnat at this time a lar ? e body of the colonels and officers of the National Guardaopeared at the . door in full costume , but M . Chateau Renaud , the Governor of the Palais Boarbon , immediately appeared , and prevented them from entering . Up in this a strange scene took place . The officers endeavoured to force their way ,
but the governor declared loudly that no person with arms could enter the hail of the National Assembly , and that if any attempted it , they would pass O ? er his body . Thi * declaration produced great cheering , with cries from the members in the house of 'he is right . ' A scene of great coBfusion followed , the officers still pressing forward , and bayonets were seen at the door . At length the President ordered the doors to be closed , and after a short discussion a campromise was entered into , by which the 'ifflcers were to remain in the antechamber , and to ba a guard of honour to the members of the provisional goTernment on its entry .
At half-past one o'clock the arums announced the entry of the provisional government into the Chamber . The Imembers were preceded by the officers of the Chambers in bourgeois dresses , but wearing the Bashes of office . The members of the provisional government marched three abreast . In ( he first rank was the venerable president of the provisional government , Dupont ( de l'Eure ) , who appeared very fraiJjPupported on the one aid * by Limartine , and on the other by Louis Blanc . ' 1 hen followed Arago , Cremieux , and Marie : after tbem came Ledru . Rollin . and Gamier-Pages , and N . Flocon and Albert came last . On their appearance on the floor of the Chamber , the whole of the members received them with immense shoutine , and cries © f ' Vive le
Gouvernement Provisoire ! Vive la Republique ! ' whioh lasted for several minutes , 8 n _ d was echoed back by the persons in the public galleries and crowd outside . Tbe scene was one of great enthusiasm . The provisioral eovornment was followed by eome of the National Guards , who remained oloseto the tribune . When the provisional government had entered well into the Chamber , the cry of ' Vive la Repablique !' again rose ; and after the sound had ceased it rose a third time louder than ever , tbe representatives tbe whole time accompanying the cry with clapping of hands . The members of the provisional government then took their seats on the front seat , on the left hand of the President . After reiaainifli there for a few minutes , _ __
The PRevisnNAL Pbesidekt rose and eaid : The sitting is opened ; I call upon the citizen President of the Provisional government . Citizen Ddpjkt ( de l'Eure ) , followed by the other membera of the provisional government , then proceeded to the tribunp , and read the following speech in a very feeble tone of voice : — SPEECH CF TBE PEES 1 DENT OF TUB r&OVIBIOHAIi
QOVEBNHENT . Citizen Representatives of the People , The provisional government of tbe Republic comes to bow bt-foro the natloQ , and to render a signal homage to the supreme power with which you flra invested . Elect of the people ! we welcome you to this great capital , wbera your prieence excites a sentiment of happiness and hope will net be deceived . Trustees of the national sovereignty , you are about to found new institution * upon the broad basis of demo , cracy , nnd to give to France the only constitution that can suit h r—i Republican coaotitution . ( Here the whole Assembly rose , op . d with thtlr right hands raised , cried . 'VivelaR .-publique !'
But afCtr having proclaimed the groat political law which ia about to organise definitively the country , like u « , citizsn representatives , you will proceed to regulate tbe possible and tfficacioos action of the goTernmcnt in the relations which the neeeasitlea of labour establish ameng all citizens , and which ooght to have for basis the sacred laws of justice and fraternity , ( Renewed cheering , and crif b of ' Vwe la Republiqae !') Ia fine , tba time has arrived for tbe provisional government to mign into jour hands the unlimited powor with which the Revolution had ; investfd it . If on know that , with regard to ourselveB , tbis dictatorship was only a moral power , exercised in the midst of those difficult circumstances through which we have passed . Faithful to our orig in and our personal conviotlon , tie hava ' not hesitated to proclaim the Republic of February .
To-day we ehsll inaugurate the labours of theNatinnal A = scmbly to tbe cry that should always Balute it— ' Vive la Republique [' The cry was agiin repeated with the greatest enthusiasm by the Assembly . Citizen Dspont ( d l'Eure ) having left the tribune . M . Cremieux ascended it in his turn , and informed the Assembly that its session was opened , and that itd labours commenced on tbac day . He afterwards called on the president to request the representat ' ms of the people to retira into their Standing C ' . 'ramiltees U > verify their powers . Citizen de Puiraveau having trarsmitled ttat request to the Assembly , it adjourned amidst cries of ' Vive la RepubliquV and * Vive le G mvernement Provzaoire . ' At three o ' clock , the deputies having completed the verification of their powers , re-entered the hall when the President called on Citizen Bouchard , the chairman of the first committee , to communicate to the Assembly the result of its labours ^
Citizen Bouchard having ascended the tribune , proposed tbe admission of a number of deputies whose election was found valid by his committee . Citizsn Demosthenes Olli y ier next rose and demanded that , after the admission of every member , he should mount tho tribune , and therp , in the pre sence of the Assembly , take the oath of allegiance to the Republic . A Dumber of members here interrupted the speaker , crying , ' The oath is abolifh ? d ! " ' By whom ? ' asked Citizen Ollivier , 'do vou place the power of the provisional government above that of the National Assemhlj V ( Cries , 1 The oath is abolished , and for ever . )
Citiz ? n Cremieujt , the Minister of Justice , then rose and said , thaf the oath of allegianee had been th 9 section of go much scandal during the last sixty years , and had excited such universal indigoatt . n , that the provisional government had thought proper to abnh' sh it . 'The oath of every true Republican , ' added the Miniitor ' is in . his heart , and not in his lips ' The Ass < mbly received that deration of the Minister with great applause and ratified , by its unaniEmus approbation , the measure adopted by the prnvigjosal g overnment , amidat deafening cries ol Vive la Republique , ' and Viva le Gouvernemenl Prsvisoire . ' Of the thirty-four retnrns for the Seme , thirtythree were declared valid ; but thit cf Schmit , havirg been objeoted to on the ground of false representations , was referred to a special committee .
Citizen Bzrger thea ascended the throne , and said : Cit Sean , in the name of the deputies of the Seine , I propose to tho National Assembly the solemn proclamation of the Republic . ( Thunders of applause . ) Citizens of France , let tho whole world ftnow that the Ripnhltc foli mnly proc ' aimed with , enthusiasm , is , and will remain , tbe form of the govercment of tbis country . ( Renewed applause ) Let ua nevtr forget this great day . Iu tbe nemo of tbe country let men of all opinions r » o long' r f « rm but ono family ; that this day may be truly tht fete of concerd and of fraternity . ( Cries of ' Vive la Republique 1 ' from all parts of the Ch-mber . ) Ciiiz-n Clement Thomas ; I demand that the procl » - ( nation which has just been proposed should be nude in the name of all the reprentntativ- e . If n-e bad been consulted beforehand ne should all have approved of it ; > t should , therefore , be done in the name of the National Assembly .
Cir ' zen Berger , —I am happy 1 b seeing the membere of the National Assembly wish to unite thcmealvta to the representatives of the Seine . Citizen Ducoux —1 unreservedly applaud the feeling which has dictated tbe proclamation ; and no one more than mjself was more anxious to proclaim the Republic ono and indivisible ; but per . mit mo to observe that it is not in an Incidental manner that bo impertant an act should be ac complished . Tbe Republic will he great and durable enough for ub to be able to proclaim it at a Eolenm moment ; let the incident wfeicb has just taken place be , therefere , regarded as an eiprasiloa of a movement which we could not contain ; but I demand that the democratic and fraternal R-public Bhould bohereafttr proclaimed with all th- soltmnity befitting such an important act . ( Loud Bpplaune . )
Citizen Vi « neete I demand that in the minuteg o thesHtingitBball bsexprewlj mentioned that our acclamations ier tbe Republic wure unanimoua . A VeiOE . —The Republic jsa / aiS aecompll . I cannot comprehend that it could be put in question . Citizen Etiejwe Abaoo , —Tho people proclaimed it before yon . Citizen Emhakoel Asaqo . —No postponement . L"t our acclamations be rained at oneo , and proclaim the IV : poblic forthwith . ( Crl-s of Ye ^ yts . ' ) Citizen Dtcoc 8 ? EE If hflBbeen said that the artillery oi the Iavalidts and in the Champ * ElysecB would announce the proclamation of tho Republic . Tho people sre atsembltd there to await it with a noble impatience . Let U 3 not make them wait any longtr . ( Approbation . )
A Voice . —A » yet it has been only proclaimed provisional ly . Citizen Hobe —After the f » ot shonld come the light . Clf . z b B » BBE 8—We haveofily to proclaim tbe Republic after tbe pt ' ple . L t us all cry Long livo the Ra . public—on-, indivislbl , md gocial 1 * Citizen Tbelat . — The Republic is a fact wbioh bas been preparing for raaoy lout ; years , a necessary , a scientific fact . The proof of its necessity is that it it proclaimed ia tbi » Chamber , adjoining the other nhere it was combaited two months since , Tne greatest proof iB , that evta thrme who then protested agiilast it do co no longer . If there are any citizens here t 7 ho think of anott . er f .. rm of fje'vernment . ftfo , no ' ' Vive la Republiqae ! ) The Republic , thertforo is like the sun —blind ig he who does * o t ceo it ,
New acclamations of ' Vive fa Remiuliflue . Vive Litorte , E « lii 6 , Fraterniie . ' All eyes were then turned . qh Odilloa BaMflt , acil
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bis colleagues , who ultimately joined thereat mad hering to the Republic . Gr neral Codbtaib , —I come in the name of tho people of Paris . I request tbe members of the provisional government to coma out on the peristyle ot the building , and tho representatives of the people to follew them , in or der to proclaim the Republic . ( Great anitation . ) The tvbole Assembly rose in the midst of the loudest acclamations of approval .
PIKAL PRPGLAJimOS OF THE REPUBLIC . The provisional government leading the way , the whole of the Assembly proceeded ou'side to the step * in front of flhe buildine . opposite to the Pont de la Concorde . Alt the < fficers of the National Guard , which during the fatter part of tbe Bitting hrtd occupied the wide space at each side of the estrade , as far as the corners of tb . 6 tribune . loek up their nations alose to them . An immense number of National Guards was admitted inside the railing , below the Steps , whilst tbe colours of the different legioas were conducted up with great ceremony to the space between the pillarp , and then deposed at equal distances on each side of the proviaional government . Th whole of the no « n area hetwepn the Chamber and tbe bridge , and far down along the quays , on each
aide , was den-ek covered with closely packed crowds of people , interspersed « ith large bodies of the Garde Mobile , and other National Guards . Cries of ' Vive la Republique ! ' arose both from the crowd and the troops standing on the stop" -. other erieacf' We want tbe troops of the line ! ' We want the cloura of the line ! ' burst out from various parties of the crowd . This cry was st tost repeated bo peracveringly that General Courtais was obliged to descend the steps and go outsida the railing to bring in several colours of the lice , each under a numeroas escort . Tbe scene then became ef a more enthusiastic character . Swords were waved on high ; military caps were displayed on the points of bayonets ; the bands played national airs ; the cannon thu . n dered from the Invalides ; and tbe air was rent with cries ef ' Vive la Republique !'
The Republic was proclaimed and accepted unequivocally by the National Assembly , in the presence of 200 , 000 of the people of Paris . W < e to those , or to any class who shall occasion doubts of I he sincerity of that acceptation . I hear at every side to day to refract is impossible . The uligu eat appearance ef reaction will raise Paris in { limes and deluge its streets with bit oa . After some time had been spent in allowing the people to give utterance to their feelings of joy at this proclamation of the Republic , the represestatives returned to the hati of assembly . The greatest aeitation continued to prevail for Rome time , and , after one or two other returns were validated , the Assembly adjourned at a quarter-past six o ' clock .
proclamation : The following proclamation was posted op on the walls of Paris on Thursday murnins : — The National Assembly , the faithful interpreter of tbe sentiments of the people , by whom it has been elected , precious to comtnenoing its labours , — Declares , in tbe name of tbe French people , and in tbe face of the entire world , that the Republic , proclaimed oh the 24 th of February , 1848 , Is , and shall remain , the form of the government of Prance , TheBepubiicdeslred by France hnsadopted tho motto , * Liberty , Equality , Fraternity . ' In tbe name of the country , the National Assembly latreats Frenchmen of every political party to forget former fuuds , and to form in future but one family , The day on wbich tbe representatives of the people met is for all tbe citiz ns the feast of conccrdand fraternity . 'Vive laRepubiiq'ie !'
THE RATIONAL ASSEMBLY . Fkidat , May 5 th . —Atone o ' clock , Citizen Audry de Puiraveau took the chair , accompanied by the six youngest members acting as secretaries . There was 0 D the part Of the pubUo tbe name degree of curiosity as on tbe preceding day . The gal ! erie 3 were filled with spectators , many ef whom were dressed in blouses , and large groups stationed round the palace . M . Avond , one of the secretaries , having read the procs verbal of the proceedings of the preceding day . the chairman of the eighth committee proclaimed the admission of the deputies of the department of the Lot . amongat wlism figured Murat , son of the former King ot Naples . Murat was born in Naples , but the comtr . ittee , considerine him as good a Frenchman 88 if he was a native Of France , proposed hia admission , which , was unanimously ratified by the Assembly .
The admission of the BiBhop of Orleans , and other members of the department of Loirer , was adjourned ontil the result of the inquiry instituted into aot » of corruption and sacerdotal influeoce , denounced by some eleotors , should ba known . The deputies of tbe Haute Vienne and Pas do Ga lais , were next admitted without any opposition . The Piesident having observe d that the majority of the members had been admitted , and that the Assembly might proceed to elect itu President , a desultory discussion arose relative to tbe duration of his functions . Some members objected that , as _ the house had not yet framed its internal regulations , the functions of the President should be eBsentially temporary . It was finally agreed that they should bo limited to one month . Nine tables for the scrutineers were then brought in , and the following results were ob : aioed : — M . Bnchez 390
M . Trelat 234 M . Recurt # 01 M . Buchcz was then proclaimed President . The followins were elected Vice-Presidents : —Re . curt , Cavaignac , Corbon , Guinard , Coraenin , and Senatd . The following were elected Secretaries : —Peupin , Robert , Degeorge ( Fiederio ) , Pyat ( Felix ) , Lacrosse and Pean . Saturday . 6 th inst . —At one o ' clock , M . Buchez the president , took tbe chair . Thepr sidents of different committees auccessively proposed the admission of tho deputies of several departments , who were proclaimed , with the exception » nly of two of the members of the department of the Lnt , one of whom was Abbe Fayet , bishop of Orleans . These were said to have been returned by tbe influenoe of tbe nobles and priests of iho district of Mirvejoln , who had reaorted to means of corruption and intimidation to force the peasantry to vote in their
favour . Procureur de la Republique at Marvejqls , and the committee had accordingly been of opinion that an inquiry should be instituted into the facts relative to tho 3 i > two elections .. This proposition , having been put froia the chair , was unanimously adopted . The chairman of the committee to which the elections of Paris were referred for examination next ascended the tribune . lie stated that they were found perfectly regular , with the exception of that ot M . Schmit . The circumstances of irregularity having been explained , Citoyen Flooon moved that & new elections should take place . The question being out from the chair , and two trials by rising and sitting proving doubtful , a ballot was opened , which gave the following result : —
For a pew election 414 Against it 293 Majority in favour of a new election —116
KBP 0 KT 8 PF IBE EX PROVISIONAL GOVEBNMZNT . Citizen LiMABriNE ase < tided tho tribuxe , and read to the Assembly a Rcneral account of ( lie proceed njsof the provisional government tinea the 21 th of Febiuaty last , That Kovornmimc , he said , bad not proclaimed the Re pnblic ; it bad merely ratified tbe choice of that form of government by the people , Struck with tba Magnanimity of tbo combatants of February , it hud decreed the abolition of oapital purifihmi ntp . Tho red flag proposed at first , not a 9 g symbol of menace and disorder , had been rejected try the population , find the glorious tricolouri'd flag preserved oi ih « national banner , Tbe provisional government had declared tbe reactionary treaties of 1815 to havcocased tr > exist ; procia ^ m-d tbe sympathy of Prance far for- U-n nations , ami her respect for their governments ; established four armies of observation on the A ' p ? , the Rbioe , in tbo north , and along the Pyrenees ; and Bent the fliet , p laetd under the command of iSporlenOBrt . officers , to show tho colours of France to the
peopla of Italy . Tho government declared property to be sacred , and ( luring the two months of its existence no citizen had suffered in his p . rgnn or property ; no act of repreofilon had been resorted to , uot a drop of blood bad been shed ; and the numbers of the provisional government on re-entering : private life might dtecend on the public equare and mis with tho people without fearing a rebuke from a Bingle citiz * n . The whole pipu ' ation of France bad been armed and constituted into National Guards , so that inpurrecti .-. n wa » no lougtr possible , fo * he who separated himself fr » m tbo people no linger belonged to the people . In resigning : their powers in'o the bands of the Assembly , the membra of the provisional government hoped that > he national representation Wculd take Into account tho difficult clrcumataticog in which they had been placed ; their conscience reproached them with no containable act ; tboy had , it was true , been favoured by Providi-nce , for if the people had saved the Republic , the Aimiehty had blesBtd it .
Oltizen Ledbo Rnuiw , Provisional Minister of tho Interior . —Citizen Rpri'scntativcB—Called to the Provisional Gewrwmentby tho wishes of thepeopl-, I ov / e you aa account of the admininiatratlon of the D . pnrt . munt of tho Interior which wai confiied to mo . —( Movomtnt ol curioi-ity . ) You will not < jxp . ct from me lcn ? details . R ^ ady ae I sm to repl y to all your fnterptlla . ilunB , I confine myself to a rapid expose of our acts , and of trie motiee 9 by wbich they were dictated . ( Nrried to theG 'vernment by the triumph of Republican princlplfor which I have combatttd all n . y life—for frem a . y debut to this day I haw never varied—I have resolutely
defended its maintenance . The deep faith which I have always avowed to it whtn it was persecuted cannot but bostrtnBthen ' dby its swikiog » nd glorious vioto . y at Paris , and it « unanimous aoolumntion throughout all France . Convinced tlwt the safety of the country depBndB on tho ccmpleto development of all the consequences of tho revolution , I hav « watched over it wl h a jaalous care . I have wished that < n all poin . s of tbo territory it ehould be respected and understood At the name time , it was necessary , by -prompt and decisive measures , to prevent « By attncS on . order , and to renpiie tin . ' cord of the administration -wWch bad been violently broU n . The two fold MUw-iUKgwtsd th « eend-
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ing into the deportment ? commissaries invested with aoHmieed powers . ( Murmur * . ; Unlimited powers . This ncceosary word has been laid hold oftodireot against me the moat violent attaeks . In order to judge of it , St is neoeesary to go back two months , &Bd then it will be understood , and It will alao bo comprehended , that on the day fallowing the revolution , surrounded by the conquerorb from tho barricades , I could not without balng guilty of treason confldo to other hands than theirs the deposit and the defence of liberty . ( Approbation . ) Full of ardour of devotedncBS , and of civic fflitb , they would penetrate the country with the idea which they had rendered triumphant . Doubtless many among them were not administrators . Who can contest that points Tho question dues not lie there , Soldicra were
neceseary to continue find propagate tbe victory , and particularly to render It durable and pacific That faults have been committed is r < ry possible . When I was informed of them I did not hesitate to revoke them . But let any cue tr Bt forward , In the midst of this great and rapid J'novercent , a single fserious' attack againt the rights of cit ' s ^ ns by tboie firm and courageoHg men , whom it hus aot been feared to designate as Pro-Censulsi . Tbe citizens have replied to It by giving thiir to'gs to the greater number of those wto are now ossoTibled among } ou . Moreover , the instructions sent by me , and which hevo servod as tbe pretext of so many outcries , were indispensable . I should sot have written th'tn bad they not been created by the force of circumstances alone . Being the emanation of a revolutionary principle , I could not transmit a regular and limited
authority . Placed in ftco of unforeseen cvente , I should have been guilty ot weakening my agents by rules above which tbe safety of tbe country had raited us . I moreover knew , Bad I have said it , that tbe moral re-Fponsibility which accompanies the momentary exercise 0 / great power prflpontB and corrects tbo abuse of it ; that it is necessary to give beforehand tbe meant of overcoming all obstacles , in order that obtacles iball not present themselves . ( Hear , bear . ) By publio instructions , the finme 9 B of wbich had mora particularly for object to remove for ever guilty hopes , have been every day explained by my correspondence . I am ready to submit to the Assembly the voluminous documents of that labour , and I have no tear of ita finding one dispatch which does not bear ( be imprint at once of an ar £ ent desire to make the revolution
triumph , and of a constant desire for conciliation , order , and peace . ( Applause . ) It in te tbe attainment of this twofold object that all my f fforta have been directed . I should have been inconsistent with my former life , I shonld have given the lie to the doctrines which I have constantly professed , if I bad not been at tbe same time the man of the revolution who would transform no . ciety and the country , and the man of the government who accomplishes progretg by the power of Mess , and proscribes ail appeal to disorder and violence , It is thus that in a few days I caused the National Guard of Paris to be armed and equipped , and endeavoured ( at last by making iinotvn my wishes ) to do the same with that of the departments , persuaded that a disciplined musket was an Instrument of order , because it was the symbol
of the dignity of the chizw . ( CzirsofYeB , yei > . ) Iprovidrdfor the organisation , the clothing , ani the support of the Garde Mobile ; to the creation of this 6 edeutary corps destined to maintain order in this great city ; to the formation of anew institution , thatof tne Gardiens de Paris , connecting by en Indissoluble bond the muni , cipal and the Judicial police , and placing public security under a constant surveillance . In the days of trouble end uneasiness I wa / cbed unceasingly ; it i « by an absolute ilevotodoess to tny duties that I replied to tbe infamous calumnies of which I nave been tha object . I have never setn in tliis unexampled invecJve anything but an additional reason to Intrepidity to defend a cauiB which the fury of some senseless wished to compromise in mj pcrton . . I had confidence in the rood eeneo of tbe
nation—In tbe justice of the Assembly , and I thought that , eoldUr of the revolution , I should suffer everything for it , and aot lose , in noticing odious falsehoods , ( be precious time which its ferricei demoed d . All my acts mofeover ^ arc public . Then free diBcaasion be ' ongstoyou , and now that your sovereignty discbarges me from the burthen of affairs , all private calumny will find me ready to confound it . I bavt' passed through the most difficult circumstances by remaining within the limits of my bud get , I prepared and organised in three weeks the nppli . cation of universal suffrage ; and , nerertlukss , allow me t" tellyau , that if by some I cm accused of some errors in its detail , eufncie&t allowance bas Dot bees taade for tbe infinite and persevering labour by which I have been
able throughout the who ' e extent of tbe Republic to bring into operation & mode of Election which only three months eiocc nag declared to be impossible , For my own part , I shall be proul of having besn the Instrument of this first act of virility en the part of the people recover-( eg its rights . Proceeding on these general principles , I ah' uld have wished to have introduced Into tbe mechaniom of tho administration cbenge 8 dettined to render it more simple and more democratic . I tbougbt that thoseref > rtps should not bs either Isolated or partial , and that they would be more wisely accomplished by him who wouH hold a definitive power from your save , reignty . I feared to throw di 3 order into the admiaigtrative action at a moment when it was most essential
to preserve its regularity . And besides—why should I conceal it t I am more particularly anxious to oave the revelutlon and order , I wished to preserve to the < ictory of the people its grandeur , its purity , and its social bearin ? ; I aleo wished , in defending it against the 6 nareB and attack * of reaction , to shelter it from tho violmce ofombition and of dingerous impatience . Thus when , replying to an imprurient proceeding , tte whole population of PaiU came unarmed to furround the Provisional Government with Its pacific wane , I unreservedly united myself with this sol mn demonstration ; but on tbe day when some madmen endeavoured to pervert tbe sense and tbe result of a similar maaiff statioR , I did not besitate to oppose It . It was by my orders that the rapptl was beaten , and that tbe National Guard , wbich is row
the country , assembled to mix with the citizens , wbo were notarmtd , and to protest azalnst any violent attempt . ( Approbation , ) This resolution , far from being an effort on my part , was only the consequences of th « principles wbich hare alwaye guided me , even in the opposition . In my tyes , it was a great day when tbe id ? as which wtre destined to eonqaer the world elaborated themselves . Aa Inflexible against ambitions wbich provoke aottps-de . main as against reactions wbich enchain revolutionary movtment , I have always considered that a statearnnn should march with a firm step between the dreams of utopists and sectarians , and the rebellious tenacity of egotistical interests . Oae does not truly rely but on ideas which are ripe . Veritable superiority con . sists in distinguishing those measures which m » y
ressaaably be put in practice . The hand of the people has now torn sway the veil . D > ubt is no longer possible for any one . Imprudent and culpable would bo he who would wish to stop the revolution by tbe sterile rorques ' ofpeliti al forms . Those forms ara but on instrument of liberty placed in tbe hands of * tho nation , called On henoeforth to establish itself . For it the path is traced out and the objret indicated . It is to realise in noc ' al order the dogma of equality and fraternity that all our ? ff rts oushtto tend . Supporters ot that holy caua-, we shall be worthy of onr mission , in accepting it in its full bearing , nod by it we shall not only have restored mm to his natural dignity , but we shall have secured the glory and the bsppinost of our common country , and contributed to the emancipation of the world . ( Applaud . )
Cit zon Cremlfux , tbe Minister of Justice , next read a long speech on the principles which had diotated bis ad ministration , and declared that it waeoalf by diminishing the numbers of tribunals and Judges that any important economising could be realised in hia dapartment . Citizen Louis Blnnc . —Citizcos , representatives of tbe people—On the 29 th of February , those whom the course of eventa ha < 5 called into pow * r ( i power by no m ans an enviable one , certainly , for it was the government 01 tempestf ); those , I say , found themselves ats-mbled , when , all of a sudden , they saw the Place de l'Hottl do Ville invaded by an ardent multitude . A flag floated fn the air , and on that fUg tbis wag what was written : 'Organisation of Labour ; Creation of a MiMntry of
Progress , Admirable result ! It was thus , it was io tbis capital , which still felt tbo quiverings of the combat , on these pavements , on which tbe people bad just marked their routo with their blood , it was tbu * that they came to demand that wbich proved that tbetr great preoccupation was that 0 / ordi-r , ( Applause . ) For what did tb' -y come to demand ? They came to de . tnand peace , madopr 'l-fic by labour ; tbe creation of a ministry of progress , whose business it would bo to pre . vent violence hy study , and w reuirr revolut ' ona for ever impossible . What eonld the proviei' nel government do f What had 1 c done ? It bad reserved tbe important question for a specihi ministry to bo created ; but that which it at once granted wa « a commission of the govirumeot for the labourer * , and thet tbe Palace
of the Luxembourg should be the Beat of its labours . Two men ireroohoBrn for that ladour—the one my noble friend the citizen ouurier Albert , tbe othfr was myself . We directed our attention to the prestnt position or affiiro , and what did we see ? On the nne band , the rain of tho rich becoming imminent , snd , perhaps , in . evimblo . On the other , tho diatrrea of tho ptople becoming more and more aggravated tvery day , and th » fmpitlcmen of their desires violently irritated . And what was our mission ? We went into that difficult situation without a budget , without a PoldUr . If , by ohaF . e « , oup words were not liattnid to—if the agitation which had been suppreiwd for ibe moment were renewed—we should have bein rendered r a ^ onnible for tt . If , on tho contrary , it was uppeate ' . might wo not have been reproached with bring dangerous innovator * f ( Grm of ' Yea . je » I' ) Did we not ran t&e risfe of hbving too prolonged a cry ol distress ! ' Sceeobcs are
not necessary ; we cannot wait , for we suffer , and we arebuDiirj . ' These w < re tbe dangers we had to run . Yet we did not heeitato . Oa tba day fallowing a ri volution ftuch aa ours , every citiz n in a snloii-r ; and wh' n every citizen Is a soldier , bow should any fine shrink bef .-re peril t Wo have , then , b <>< -n witnesses of a sub'iua sp-etsele , nbieb inuBt remain in history ob &n immortxl proof of enlightenment and reason . We have fleet ) oit < zen » running to us and exclaiming , < I have a wife ; I have children ; give me bread . ' And when we replied to them , « Wait ; ' and when we , besides , told thi-m of our want of power to assist them , tbrne men have retired , their hearts moved , and crying * Vvo lu Rejjublique ! ' We have sevD , passing oae after the oilier , iiH the industries ; wo have seen them pausing bearins slgn 9 of dlatreos , claiming loudly tho Intervention of the state ; so that tie very forco of &f 5 airs Ira . poatd upon us a mission ishteh had not been givta to « 8
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—the rnJ . isiun ef interfering between the masters nnd the workmen , in order that they sni ght go hand-iahand together , Well , we have obtained thatr « sult . It is ta owr archives , which we preserve with pride , for they are tke archives of concord and fraternity . But we had not only conciliation to effect ; wa had associations to rsailne . When workmen camo to us te demand tbe means of « 88 ociattog together , you knew what we did . At eiichy , which , in former times , was only inhabltad by prisoners , what do yoa now Bee ? You only see It ,, bourer / t giving eaoh otber their hand . Formerly , you read ovt * iU Rate ' DtbtcrV Prison . ' To-ftey every on * wilt eubstiuto in bis benrt these words , ' Tfacro ia a debt which every one ones to all—the social debt of bread and labow . ' ( Hear , bear . ) We have gathered
on the question of labour a great deal of information , which will be communicated to you , find yon trill eia . mine it in all its detail * . Suffice it for me to say , that the two fundamental ideas of our work—whether It concerns commerce or agriculture , or the banks or the establishments of customs—the two fundamental ideas are , association and disinterested intervention , thepsciflo and tutelary intervention af toe state . We do not pretend that the state should become tbe only ixduslriel of the kingdom ; but we with it to be understood , that the state bas a great duty to fulfil in what regards those who suffer . What we wish Is , that the state should ha
the tutor oi credit , giving credit not only ( 0 tho rich , but to the poor . What we have demanded is , that the state should be the protector of the poor , and their tutor . I do not know , from th : bottom of my beart , if maay of thobe wbo now hear me would be disposed to contradict me . The cry bas been put forward of' Tako care of the war of those who possess nothing , against those wbe possess , ' This is a cry which has not issued from the hearts or mouths of any one . Association is 3 nobla and beautiful thing , not because it will displaceriches , but because It will make them universal , by making them fruitful , and because it will raise the level of the people and of humanity . ( Cheers . )
Citizen Caenot , tbe Minister of Pablic Instruction , was afterwards beard , and was succeeded by Citizon-Qarnfer Pages , the Minister of Finanee , wbo only partially made bis statement , when overcome by exhaustion , he obtained leave to postpone the remainder of his report . Citizen Betbmoht , the Minister of Commerce , deposited oa toe table theezpweoftbi ; state of his department , and the Assembly afterwards adjourned to Monday . M «* DAr , May 8 . - At 12 o ' clock , Citizen Buchu , the President , took the < bttlr . Citizen GiBNiES Pages then delivered bis statement , ond was followed by CitVn R * i < u > , Minister of War , and Maeik , Minister of Public Works .
Citizon Limabtine , Minister of Foreign Affaire , said , that France had proclaimed three things In Februaryher with to establish a Republic in France ; her deternv . natioa to promote tbe progress of tbe democraiieal ptin * ciple in Europe ; and a deBlre to maintain an honourable peace . He disclaimed ell ideas of conquest ; but if any people should assart its nationality , and enter the family of nations , France , the soldier of democracy , was ready to assist it if is claimtd Us al <* . Citizen Dobnk » next rone , and proposed annotation to the following effect : — ' The National Assembly being definitively constituted , accrpis the dipot of the eztraordi * nary po » er « conferred en the provisional government on
the 2 itb of February last , and declares that its members Jsave deserved well of the country Cor tho important cervices they have rendered . The Assembly being now invested with tbe sovereign authority , declares the provi . iional government to have ceased to exist , and in virtue Ot its right to eserci 6 e the executivo powers by delegation , it decrees the institution o ( a Government Committee , composed of the five following members— ' Her » Citizen Domes was loudly interrupted and prevented from mentioning the name ) . The tumult at last rose ti SUCh a pitch that tho President was obliged to cover himself , and the sitting was suspended during half an hour .
When the sitting was resumed , Citizen Dohneb again &ec < n 4 sd tbe tribnne , and consented to omit tbe nameo Of thO CiHBmi&Bioners , but p ersisted in the proposition to appoint a Government Committee , which would appoint ministers responsible usd revtcable . Anothtr member moved that thanks bo voted to tho provisional government , and tbo Assembly retired into its standing committee to examine the proposition of Cltlztn Dames . The President was about to consult the Assembly , when Citizen B&rres ran to tbe tribune and declared that , prc-vioHB to granting the provisional government & bill of indemity , he would protest in the name of the people against emr « J 0 / its acts ; tbe murdtr of tbe workmen of Rouen by tho National Ga&rdg . Here a terrific explosion of murmurs arose , and cries of Order , order 1 'from sll parts ef the house .
Cltieen B&bbeb waited at tbe tribune until silence wa » restored , and added that the Assembly could not vote thanks to the provisional government without bringing its members te account fer the abandonment of the Belgians , tbe Italians , the Poles , and ( he principles of the revolutioo . Ciiisen Bechisd protested against the words of K . Bir es , and insisted en tie Asxeirblv voting immediately tbanks to the Provisional Government , Citizen Senaed followed in defines of the geverament . Citizen Basbes dimand- d that an enquiry be instituted into the massacres of llouen by an attornej . general of the Republic , and not oy Frank Cane , and other perse . cutTj of the people , ( 'NeiRu ! exclaimed the Aesemwy . )
The Assembly subsequently voted that tbe prortetonal goiernnvnt h » d deserved well of the country . The vote was almost imammoii 9 , Citizen Barte ? » Citizen Durrieu , and another rising alone against it , TuEKDii , May 9 . —The business of the day opened with the reading , by &f , Peupin , of the report of the committee appointed to consider what sort of intermediate form should ba established as a substitute for the provisional govrnment till tbo Assembly should have adopted a definitive constitution . Tho report re com . mended tbe direct appointment by tbe Nstiooal Assembly of the ministers to tbe different depmm » nts , instead of a ' commission du gmmemement' which , without holding any direct office , would exercise the sovereign authority of appointing and removing the ministrj—the ministry bting at the 6 arne time responsible for its acts
to the National Assembly . A , auec ^ ssioi new and unpractised speakers succeeded Mch otber without throwing rauob . light on tae subject . Citizen Julee Pavrc , an advocate and man of great talent , warned the As-embly against the dangers of direct norelBation , and declared bis opinion that no ministry would be able to govern France which derived its authority directly from the Assembly , and if there were not an immediate power mr-re calm in its character than the Assembly . After came the celebrated Abbe Lacordaire , whose speech was listened to with great attention . He stroagly advocated tbe claims of the ultra-Republicans , who , he said , had made the revolution , to a share in the Executive 60 . verament . Citizens O . Bnrrot and Lamartino followed , and on the moMon being put , it was decided by a majority of twenty six , that the Ministry was to be appointed by an executive committee .
The correspondent of tbe Times states that tbe interim Executive government is to do thus composed : —MV » Lamartino , Ledru-Kollin , Arago , Marie , GarnUr-Pagos . THE CLUBS . On Saturday niglm last all ihe Republican Clubs in Paris voted , by acclamation , a moiutior / , of which the object is to call on the National Assembly immediately to interfere actively in the affaire of Poland and of Italy . The Pre 8 se announces the arrival of Prince Czirtoryiki in Paris ( much chagrined , it wasBaid , by the unfavourable turn which Poiuh affiira had takea iu the Prussian provinces . )
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THE EUROPEAN REVOLUTION . GERMANY . The moderate and constitutional party at Berlin are stated to have gained the victory over tbe radicaIb and republicans at th © elections j jat concluded . On the other hand , it is admitted by the Col ? gnb G . izbttk that the working classes have succeeded m electing a great number of their fellow operatives as the electors in the second degree « . f the members of the Constituent Assembly in Berlin , for such the next Diet in that capital may be called . There have been serious disturbances at Treves . Barricades were ereoted , but on the artillery being brought against thun tho insurgents surrendered . Carlsruhe , May 1 . —Our city is still in a state oi wege , six cannon mounted on Ludwig ' s Quay on the Rhine .
Stettin , May 2 . —A very serious attempt was mad « by the populaceyeau rday evening to create aa entente and pillage the houses , but lha firmness and activity of the Civic Guard prtvented it . A number of peraonB have bfen arrested at Stute , { , » v are accused of having been connected v itu . Uecker . THE WAR BETWEEN DENMARK AND
GERMANY . ENTRANCE Op THE PRUSSIAN TROOPi INTO DENMARK . Hamburgh , May 4 . —Intelligence has arrived of tbe crossing the Danish frontier by the Prussian troops , who entered Jutland at . Rix o ' clock in the mornirjii of the 2 nd iastait at Konigaui , near Holding . General VVrangel immediately issued a proclamation , wbich had Deen previously prpp . irerf , in ihe Danish lanuuage . A f ' crce of 5 , 000 or 6 , 000 men , and sunie of fie Free Uor | is , are advancing on Virle under the Duko of Augustenburi ; ; at tbis latter place , it is staled , the hruasiaa head-quarters will ba fixtd .
THE WAR IN ITALY . 'f Unfavourable intelligence waa received in Paris ?? Jo nd , V 4 NoMho r n IUly > I * » PP « ra that general Nugent wasi advancing rabidly from the Fr-oul , at the head of 12 . 000 men . The aurrendet » t Utiiiie was fully c niirnitd . The occupation of several less important places in the Frioul by the Aub-, hToVu ^ l announce f Letters from Trlesteof mmh ult-, announce tao cspifulafioa . on the oreyiou » day , c , iPa ! maNovntothe Austnnns , ¦ wh o entwftd the town . L-trers from tho head quarters of Obarles Albert at Stmma Campapr . a , dated the 28 tb . state thaten the even ins of that day Pehchiera had bern completely invoked .
Tne Milan Gazettk of the 2 i . d announoes a further advantage gained by tbe Picdraonte . 'e army over the Austriana . It sajs : —
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THE NORTHERN STAR ^ " May 13 ^ 1 ^ 48 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 13, 1848, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1470/page/6/
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