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THURSDAY , Jcsk 15 . _ The Conference met this Burring , at ttina oelocfc . ^> ^ brKt ' tbe report of the Select b t ^ n ^ fappSff rc - ^ Glitberae . tha . lastj 3 > , - nd ir d '"" p ^ tie twta-bteachers of Man-SSrind S iWoeSriBters of the Vale of Leven . Tnthe = e cases the Select Gotamittee reported m Jarcnr ^ ite r iec te « D by the Central Comnrttee . S . 7 crafirmea its decisions . Tbe blastfurnace « rl-T 3 of Sethertea * ere referred to the caw Centr'l Ccmmi ' ite ? , zs deserving of reconsideration ; and tint 0 < tha ywnso-work ; fcjfttera of Sattoa-in-Ashfioid was remitted to the board of directors ot the AWntionlor tee Employment of Labour .
Cte tie q-iestrea tbat the report bs adopted , a conversation arose en the case of tbe block-printers of the Va ' e of Lovcn-Mr Resell ihi delegate for that body , said tha heand his constituents were perfectly ready to act in accordance -sritb . the law , ana to bow to toe decision of tbe commits of Conference oa their case . to the s-raetime , be Tra * of opinion that twentyei * ht of his elient 3 were , un . ' er the law itself , clearly en titled to aliment for t « -o weeks . The whole sum elaimed by the block prnters was £ 1-33 : th- amount ha ro-v claimed a ? clear y due . was £ 26 12 s . Besides this , there were six of the numbers who had been out of employment a very loug time , and it was considered they bad a claim also .
This claim ^ as , however , resisted by s ; veral aslegates , who save a d . ffjrent reading of the law under vrh i cn Mr Russell claimed , and contended that the safety of the Association uainlj depended upon the la ws being in all cases strictly acted upon . Tbe report was unanimously adopted . The Conference then proceeded to the election of th . ' - C entral Committee for tee ensuing year . Tae SiCREiiBr read letters from Bermondsey , L ? ck , UecKmondwike , Merthyr Tydvil , and Wolverhampton . . apologising f . tf inability to send a delegate , " and expressive of a unanimous desire for the re election of the whole of the present Central Committee . Froai Manchester . Mr J . W . Parker was nominated . No other candidates baring been proposed . 3 fr Green Me the chair and retired with the rest of the members of the Committe 9 and Mr Parker . \ r- Lekegix wa 3 ealled to the chair during the
p pcfc'on M £ 3 ? r 3 F . Green . H urnphrie ? , Williamson , Peel , Robjon , WiEter , and Parker , were declared to be duly elected as the Central Committee for the next twelve months . Mr F . Gases , on behalf of his colleagues of the Cea'ral Committee , returned im sincere thanks for ths honour thay had done them by re-electing them to office . He should hare great gleasure in resuming omce with them , and sincerely congratulated the Conference on the wisdom of its choice . ( Hear ) Messrs Shackleton , Ls&egan , Lindsay , and Ishervrood , were elected to fill any vacancies that may occur in the Committee during the jear . Mr T . Birratt was re-elec : ed Secretary , after a Iengcnened discussion .
T . S . Dancombe , Esq ., M . P ., wa 3 then re-elected President of the Association by acclamation , amidst prolonged and enthusiastic cheers , and the Conference adjourned at one o ' clock . At the afternoon meeting , Mr Pase said he was o ;' opinion that the Conference ought to take into confiideration the means of making some provision to aid Mr Shackletan in obtaining an honest livelihood . His position as a member of the late Central Com--,-.. „ _™ m narA : aarilv involve great difficulty in his again prociring employment in the district ef Yorkshire , from whence he wa 3 brought to serve the Assaciation . The object of his raising the question was to show that tha Assojiation was based upon justice , an' 1 th . it it wauld support in a substantive manner thjss who might be exposed to persecution , or called upon to make sacrifices in consequence of having taken an activa part in the business of the Assxhtion .
Mr LixDSATsaidhe felt as much a 3 _ any member of the Cjnierenoe for the persons placed in Mr Shaekleton ' a position , and would go as far in his efforts to aid then . Bat , at the fame time , te Bast caution the Con ' erenw against favouring the notion that because an individual took an active part in their affairs , ( hey . tvere therefore bound to support him in all circumstances afc * r < vards . Mr Bcbs suggested that a separate fund should be Created 1 " r the support of Euca cases . Mr Peel agreed with thit saagastion . bat at the same time he was of opinion that if the proposed vre-. k ' y report of the Association eesured the large circulation thit might fairly ba expected , the profits arising from its sals might to a great extent ba appropriated to this object . In the present case , however , it was necessary for the Conference to come to a speci § c vote on the subject , a * the Central Committee had no power to award any pecuniary assistance unless in accordance with the lawe .
Af : er a dibxta , in whicQ several plan ? were proposed , it was ultimately resolved to recommend tbe case of Sir Saacklet .-n to the Central Committee , as one whicii they were called npon to consider , with the Ties of finding employment for him in some way or other . The CoLt ' -erence chen proceeied with the proposed a 3 t 2 ra"ioiis ia the laws L was r ^ solted : — ' That each member shall take fr-Ma the A 5 : oe ! ation a copy of its raies , value 21 . ; a cor . tribnti . jii caid , value Id , ; aa ornamental card , value 2 j . ; to bs issued , yearly ; and the funds arising from > uch source , aft'r defraiing tbe expenses ot printioe , « fc'j ., s ' aail cons ! itute a fund for relieving persona hu : > mav te deprived of employment , in con-Eeqienceoi invin : * erideaceagaitst their emoloyera , eitaef - 'or f rr-sscufiDg esses under the Truck . Arbitration , or Ten Honre Act ; or may bs discharged for advocating tae principles of the Association . '
A !? o , Th ? . ; ths quarterl y accounts shall be at Jested by aa auditor , an acknowledged accountant , sppoint ^ d bj tha Annual Conference , and countersigned by the general secretary , a ? . d is « ued to each trade within twenty-one days froai the date of tbe quarterly dice of the returns from the trades ; and further , that the £ c : ouatant report to the Annual Con / lratca of the manner in which the accounts are kept , ' Tae next qne 3 ? ion was the folhwinjj proposition : — ' Tae levy of 2 d . in tbe pound having been found ntter ^ y ia 2 deqnate to meet the claims and cover the ex-trE 5 e 3 of ihs Association , each member shall in
futare contribute a weekly levy of 3 d . in the pound on Lisoriur average ¦ rages ; two-thirds of which sum shil ! bi es . jecialiy appropriated to tbe payment of those m . 3 inb ; r 3 whom the Central Committee , by its sanctum , may have pronounced eligible to the pecuniar / bsoeHts of the A ^ sciaiion . And to prevent in jQ ' . urc "hi ineonveaicnce and disappaintmeat occasioned bj tha irregular remittance of the levies , in imny cues aaaFoidab . ' e , a fund of £ 1 QOd bd kept a ? a reserve , to obviate the cmseqaence arising from each irregularities ; acd that the Central Committee Ehill cot saaetiou any fresh application until the aforementioned reserve faud of £ 1 , 009 shall have be .-n sul ) st ? ribri ' . '
Mr Pars and Sir Bpex objected to any increase in the pnymeiiij . It was considered by the trades in their district , that they were already sufficiently high Mr Peel said the funds of the Assnciatisn during the past year hadfai ' ei Cameet all the case ? in which appeals had besa asde io tbe Oeatral Coaraittea . Muih of this was n't doubt attributable to the wretched state of trade . But some weight rausp aho be given to tae opinions of th : s 3 who were of opinion tiai iks pr ^ gnt rAle of eoutfibiition waa riot caoable of c : n '" erring tbe benfcfita on the trades which the Association proposed to do . The higher paid trades , e 3 ? -ciaily , had m 3 ny of them held bank from the Aasosiation under this imoreision . Thev did n'tt
bsiiera the Association could rcalisa its promises . He would add , tha t , in fact , the proposed addition , was ^ e'eJy rs-im'O 3 in ? a contribution which had b » t n tiken off by ths la-st C mference , but ia a more convenient form for tbe members to pay . The only way by which they cjiild hops to secure the general adbeMon of the trade ? , was to produce a feeling af cnfideLC ^ among them , and as to the proposed amount of tbe coa' . ribution , he contended that there never was a trade 3 union in this country , even of a separate trade , whi- 'h had carried on its business ¦ wich so small a levy on its meztbsra a 3 this Association . The cotton spinsers , ar . d many other trades had a ranch higher ra' . e of contribution , and he was satisfi ^ toat il wis in the power of their members bf a pru i' -nt eco lorn ? to pay such a sum .
Mr Parser could uot concur in the resolution propnsed by tae C-.-ntra ! Committee , to which there were great objections in the Mancbestsr district . Instead of incrensinsr the contributions of the members , he thouaht it -wcnli be advisable to continue the present 8 uh-cr > ptio 2 s , iEd exact an entrance fueofthreepence or six p-ice from ea « -h member , on admission . That Bys -t-m w ti . uud to in ^ wer very wail in other trade ? , and m-n ? ••{ them hid asked him theqoestioa what ths --n" a ice tonne * rt * i , and seemed astonished when th-y La ned ( oere was none . He begged to move an atn ^ -- "tmyn £ to that effect . Mr .. Lindsay seconded the amendment , S 3 he felt certain that faia constituents would feel very much disa&tUfiad with any increase of the contribution ? .
Mr > YiiijAM 5 Dx said it was absolutely necessary if the trsdea were to feel g ^ naral contidence in the Association , or if the Csaference wished to infuse fresh blood into it , they must take some decided steps to improva its fiaineia ! e ? aditian . The prOpOiition of the Committee had receiyedthe mast careful con-Bideratioa , and they were of opinion that it was the EWst reonvenient and just method of raising tbe requisite . supplies . Allusion had been made to the low paid trades . Bat he woald state fearlessly , that ths opposition to liberal contributions came not SO Siuch from them sa the high paid trades ; and , in eoaola ^ on , he would remind tbe Conference , that the Central Committee ooald only disburse the funds scppliwl to them by tha trades , and that if thsaa
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funds were not { supplied . * hey most expect to have the same kind of appeals from parties who had appealed for assistance without getting it , simply because the Committee bad not the means . Mr Rcssell said that when be looked at the scale of allowances which the Association proposed to give in return for the contributions paid by the members , he was forcibly struck with tbeir dipproportion , and must express his opinion that no conference or central committee could carry out that scale . He believed tbst the moral feeling of the trades ft quired U be improved . There was too much selfishness among them . Ttey wishf d too large returns for the payments they nade . He believed that it was impossible tO Carry out the rbjects of the Association unless they began by eupplyiBg it with adequate
mesas . ... Mr Burs considered the great error of the past policy of the Association had been its commencing to give pecuniary aid or support before the AJJ . fund originally agreed to had been collected . It was not so much a series of small victories for the trades , which this Association should achieve , aa one great and effectual triumph , which would not only show the financial strength , hut tho moral influence which it , could brin ? to bearup-n anvparticular qiestion . He spoke fer hi 3 own body , a low paid trade , whf n ha said that it wai utter ' y impossible for them to pay moro than they did at present , but they would be ready to pay for five or seven years , if necessary , in make
order that a fund might be raised to a great raoveme : t for the improvement of labour , and especially by cresns of employment for the surplus Jabour of the trades . ( Hear , hear . ) That was the great source from which alone they could secure a r-al and permanent victory for labour . Looking at the present pnsitian ( if the Association , however , hethowght the proposal to raise the levi a was most inoppprtune . The large amount now owing to the Association waa s proof either that the trades were unable or ukwillins : to pay the esistiug rates . The first was , in hia mind , tho true explanation , and therefore he must eppnse the proposition . The amendment of Mr Parker would , he b ? lieved , be very useful , and to that he should rive his support .
Mr Holmes said there had been neglectsomewhere in not making the- AfscciH'ion sufficiently known to the higher price trades . If this were done , he was satisfied there wonld speedily be found a large accessicn of numbers and money . The recent atd still existing depression of trade , however , induced him to believe that ths Committee had chosen a bad time to make the advance . It wonld be ill received by men who were now straselins ; with great domestic privation , and he should certainly vote for Mr Parker ' s amendment . Mr Ssmob suggested that a vigorous agitation would supply greater funds , and he was anxions to imprega on the Conference the necessity for sending out lecturer ? .
Mr LEKEGiV supported the proposition of the Central Committee . From his own experience among the minera of Lancashire and ether trades , he was convinced it was a conviction the Association could not ay the scale of allowances with the present rate of payments , which prevented them from joining it . As a means ef producing confidence in those bodies , he should rote for tbe increase of the payments . Mr R ^ bsox suggested that object might be attained by reducing the allowances instead of raising
the payments . If for instance they reduosd the scale ten or twenty per cent ., and maintained the pre = eat payments , the Central Committee would then be more able to raenfc the demands upon them . Mr Garbutt was of opinion that until the princid e of civing support by m ° ars of emptoyroept instead of supporting strikes , which was the original intention of the Association , va 3 fully carried out , it waa impossible it could fulfil the expectations of its founders , and would in fact be very little better than the old trades unions . To that point every energy
should bo airccraa . Mr Tatlo ' k knew that if the proposed increase was asreed to , two thirds ef the members in the town of Sheffield would withdraw . He should , therefore , support the amendment of Mr Parker . Messrs Jackson , Ishekwood , Ncitall , and Shepherd , having spoken , the resolution of the Committ ; e was negatived , and an amendment that an eatranca fee of 3 d froai all earning 10 s ano under , and 6 i from all earning above 10 a be in future paid on admission , was carried . The Conference was proceeding with the consideration of the rules when our dispatch waB sent off . FRIDAY , Juke 16 .
The Conference sat till half-past six o ' clock last flight , and after sending of ? oar dispatch , discussed ill- ? following section of the proposition of the Central Committee , as to ths funds for supporting turnouta . which was not included in the adverse vote of the Conference on the ptvvioos part of the proposal nf tbe Central Committee . That to prevent in future the inconveuience and disappointment ecoasioned by the irregular remittance of the levies , ia many oases unsv -idable , a fund of £ 1 , 000 be kept as a reserve , to obviate the consequence arising from such irregu-Iari'ies ; and that the Central Committee shall not sanction any freah application notiJ the sforeratn ' -i ' - -ned reserve fund of £ 1 , 000 shall have been subscribed . The reso ' ntion was unanimously carried .
Tbe Conference proceeded to the consideration ^ several amendments in tbe laws proposed by District Committees . Tacssof tbe Paisley district wererejected , and the sitting then closed . On r ? assembling this morning , at nine o ' clock , two letters were read frora the Hon . President , Mr T . S . Duncombe , acknowledging the receipt of reports of the pniceeii ^ g 3 , and expressive of deep interest in the affairs of the Association . Mr PEKLsaid it wa 3 of the utmost importance that tbe Csstral Committee should have gome specific data ou which fo calculate the arrears of the trades to the * uud 3 . Under the present system , and with toe treat variation of numbers , considerable ineonvmieaee was experienced . He therefore moved , ' That each trade be held responsible for all arrears incurred by its mrniters ; the last number sent up to Le deemedths number of euch trade assessed to the Association . '
This motion after some discussion , was agreed to , and the Conference adjourned to one o'clock . At tkc afternoon sitting the first butiness taken np , was the following proposition from the Central Committee : — Mr Rf-Bso . v said , it would be remembered that at last Conference he moved a resolution expre 38 ive of the desirability of a closer ama ' gamation of the two A-.-osiations . " Actimj npon the advice of their Hon ; President—he had , however , withdrawn that proprwion . The inconvenience of the division had ontieufcd to be experienced , and Mr Duncomba himself had now consented t'i the junction of the two . They were all convinced that the old system of etrikes was futile—and though they did not expect to
be able immediately to put an end to all Btrikes , they wer « anxious to do so as fast and a 3 far as possible . ( H ; ar , hear . ) It was , however , a matter of general vxoerience that former attempts at jointstock operations had been unsuccessful among tho trade ? , at least to a very gteit extent , and for himself he cout ' e 63 ' d that' he did not see at present how they could make that principle in their own association commercially successful . He did not mean te affirm ihat it minht not become so in future , but at present the real question fnr them was whether they would pay £ 100 or £ 1 , 000 to persons to walk about in idleness or uso that sum for employing them in such a way ps to return at Iea 9 t a moiety of the sum thus espended . ( Hear , hear . ) And
ultimately the profits accruing from tha different industrial operations in different branches of industry , would cover all the expenses of this great association . There were members on the Board of Directors who were not membere of tha Association , and bad no interest in the Employment Assuciation , txcept the urns !! sum they rais ^ ht have subscribed as shareholder * . To obviate these inconvenience * it was now proposed to wind op the t . Smtb of the other Asscciation , to purchase the shares ef individuals and local trades , and to vest the whole management in the Central Committee , in erder that prerapt and shccessful action and open and satisfactory accounts might bs secured in future . ( Dearhear . ) At a
, more advanced stage of their plans it would be piudent to tf . ke steps for procuring such an Act . All that hithe-to occurred proved that the prinoiple ef self employment was the only one that oould effect the objects th ^ y had in view , in consequence of the novelty of the principle and tke machinery , and partly through the inexperience of working men in purely commercial mifer « . Thuy were , however , now surmouuting these difficulties They had established co : ; d relations « ith Eevera ! commercial houses in Londoa . and there was no doubt but that , in future . it the proposition was carried , that a great and growing fource of revenue and of moral influence would be opened up to she Assuciation .
Mr 1 ' arker seconded the resolution with great pleasure . It n&ver was intended that the Employment Association should became a meics investment for individual capital and individual profits . ( Hear , hear ) Of course , he understood the Committee proposed to settle with the individual shareholders on just and honourable term ? . ( Hear , bear . ) The plan , gs he understood it , was to apply the funds apon the speculative principle , and he was certain that if this was done judiciously , and the proposal of the Committee acceded to , they would very shortly see the best results . There wa * one point he would notice , which was , that the Association was already
a shareholder to the extent of £ 2 , 700 . It had thus already the latest interest in the success , and , if the whole management was vested in the Committee , and the cfcher chare 3 bought up , though they might not be able to make them all lords at once , yet , if the trades only gave the Committee time enough , and at the mine time that aid and support which such planB fairly demanded , he was certain that in the course of a few yeaH they would reap an ample and substantial retarn , because the plan afforded the only effectual means of dealing with that surplus lahour , which wa 3 'th ' e primary cause of all reductions ofwafeB . ( Hear . ) Mr Lirdsat saW . bis constituents in the North of , Scotland were in favour of the principle of self-em-
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oioyment They had l&ot hitherto ( supported the Association , beOROB 9 they did not know ebough of it to feel confidence in it . He might mention , in ^ connexion with the subject , that at a soiree given to celebrate the joining of the trades of Aberdeen with the National Association , it bad been resolved to form an 3 tsociafcion to rent land , not with the view of riv ing employment , in case of stnke , but to give work to members of trades when , they oould not , from the nature of their trade , find employment . The plan had hitherto worked very successfully , and , with Mr Parker , he felt that the principle offered the only chance of emancipating labour from the thraldom ot tho present system .
Mr Bcrn supported the resolution , which was highly approved of by his constituents . They wenanxious to have some more detailed explanations of the pesition and operations of the Employment Association , and bad instructed him to move for a aclect Committee to inquire into it . Mr Johnston aaked Mr Parker i ! he could give the particulars of the interesting experiment at Oldham ? The spinners of Lancashire we « a numerous bady , anil had spent an enormous sum in the attempt te resist reductions , and he wished that the principle of employment sould bu carried out .
IMr PARKKR replied that he waa not m poaseBsion of any of the details . Tae matter had come under his notice in a recent number of the Manchester Examinee . While he waa on his legs , however , he might state that the principle had been acted upon by the authorities at Warrington , during the recent depression of trade . The women and girls were set to work in making up goods in workshops , and the men ware employed on pieces of land , hired for the purpose . This had , he believed , materially reduced the weight of the poo ; rates ; and it afforded , at least , an illustration of what was meant . . Mr Lbnbgan supported the resolution . Several other delegates having addressed the Conference , the motion was then put and carried unanimously amidst greai applause . Mr Burn then moved that a Select Committee of the Conference be appointed to investigate tbe affairs of the other Association , and report thereon .
Mr Goulden said the resolution they had come to rendered such a Committee unnecessary , they would get the management into their own hands . lie begged to move an amendment- ; ' That the Conference do recommend that the affairs of the Association for the Employment of Labour be wound up and dissolved . ' After some discussioa the amendment was carried . Mr Peel then rose and said , the resolutions thry hadjuafc passed were of the greatest importance . He had now the duty of laying before them an elaborate plan , which had been prepared as a means of carrying out the principle of self-employment . He could not do better , he believed , than by reading the document in which that plan was set forth . Mr Peel then read the plan alluded to , from which we tak « the following extracts : — ' The ^ Association for the Employment of Labour in Agriculture and
Manufactures , wag established for the ' the purchase ot rental of laude , whereon to locate and employ the surplus labour of the Association , in such manner as shall be mo 3 t conducive to their own welfare and that of the Associates ; and , secondly , for the erection or rental of buildings for domestic and indus trial purposes , in such localities as may be best suited for these purposes , and the promotion of the general interests of the Association . ' By a vote of the Conference of 1846 , it was determined that a fund of £ 20 , 000 , for these objects , should be created by a levy of 2 i . in the pound on the wages of members ; but hitherto that resolution has never been enforced , and the Reserve Fund has , therefore , no ; been commenced . The time has uorr come , however , when ths objects of ths Association must not be per mitted to remain a dead letter , or a theme of abstract speculation . We must be up and doing in earnest , .. : c 1 : J u- n .-
wib , tnereforfl i propose tn « v « - «» "v « vu ~ ~ „ ,. „ next Conference , an Employment Fund of £ 50 , 000 should be immediately formed ; the subscriptions to b 9 invested in a bank during the time of collection , in the names of three trusteesi and net to be withdrawn unless by the authority of the ABaual Conference , or a Special Conference summoned for that purpose . Sueh fund to be held sacred for reprodnc tive objects , and to be applied ta no other purpose on any pretence whatever . The trustees we suggest , are—Thomas Wakley , Esq ., the excellent ; colleague of our honour » ble President in the representation of Finsbury : Sharman Crawford , Esq ., the honest and
highly rssDected member for Rochdale ; and John Fieldcn , Esq ., whose exertions , both in and out of parliament , tor the redaation of tha nOUH of labour , and whose well-known and well-tried sympathy witb tha workiag ola « es h ave ensured for him the confidence aud respect of every working man . By this means tho first great object in the collection of BUOh a fund will ba attained , aamely—the security of the funds , and the certainty of the application to the purpoBBBfor which they are collected . We propose , a ! s 9 , that the fund should be completed in two years from the sommcacement of it ) collection , and that thereupon practical measures to carry out tha plans we have indicated should ianneihteiy be begun .
Internally , we would liberate these establishments from all dependence upon the money market or the capitalists . The whole produce of the establishment —whetheragricultural , horticultural , manufacturing or handicraft—would be deposited in public store * . All the commodities not produced either by the establishmsnt itself , or by the other establishments of the Association , would be purchased direct in the wholesale market ; the lab mr of each individual in the establishment should bo fairly estimated ; and , after dedactrog for the rent of his dwelling , garden . io ., and a fair proportion for expenses of
management , the remainder should be paid in a paper currency , receivable at the stores of the As-ooiation . and exchangeable into any kind of goods he might require for the wants of himself and family . Any surplus of such money in the possession of members bo employed , or located , might , upon their leaving the establighmerjt , be changed , at the option of thu directors , into the common currenoy of the realm . ' An interesting discussion enBued , which terminated in the unanimous adoption of the plan , amidst prolonged cheers , and other demonstrations of enthusiasm .
SATURDAY , J < jnk 17 . The Conference sat till half-past six o'clock last sight . After Bending off our report , Mr Leneoan moved 'That this Conference , having adopted the motion of tho £ 50 , 000 to be employed in land and manufactures , do becoma members forthwith , and pledge ourselves to do all in our power to promulgate the principles involved in that plan . ' The resolution having been seconded was unanimously adopted . It was then resolved , — ' That the Central Committee be instructed to take such measures as they mny see necessary to prevent the wages of any workmen being deducted , under any pretence , form , or custom , and to make the tffsnee of payment of wages in gcoda , tools , machinery , « tc , or under other pretences , a penal one . '
A conversation took place as to the financial state of Beveral trades , and their arrears to tha funds of the Association , in consequence of the depressed state of trade during the laat year . 16 was proposed by some members to strike off their arrears entirely ; but the proposition was resisted by other delegates , on the ground that , if they did bo , they would have hundreds of similar applications next year . It was ultimately resolred to refer the consideration ef several of the most pressing cases to the Central Committee . Mr Ndtml brought under the notice of the Conference the case ol 125 members of the Association at
Bacup , who had been compelled by a strike of their trade to Jeave their employment . They were the minority of the trade , and notwithstanding their own efforts , and tbzfc of a deputation sent by the Central Committee , to prevent a strike , and to procure an amicable settlement of the dispute , such was tho excitement and determination ot the majority ofthe trade , who were not connected with the Association , that ihey had been obliged to come out with them , for fear of worse consequences . Not having the aanction of the Central Committee for this step , they were ineligible to support , and were in consequence Buffering great privations . A collection , levied from the publio , afforded them about Is . per head a week
only-Mr Lbhkgan moved ( after some discussion as to the best mode oi meeting the case ) that this Conference 18 of opinion that the delegates , on their return to their several districts , should use their boat endeavoura tocolleot moneys in aid of the Bacup trades ; and , farther , that the Central Comrahtea should do all in its power for these poor men , with whose casctbe Conference deeply ay rapathises . Tlrisres < o uu .-n , wliicn was Geconded by .. Mr Pare was . carried After transacting other business the C 3 nference adjourned .
In tbe evening the whole of the delegates took tea together , in the room in which their sittings are held , it being the last evening they w . ro likely to spend together . Mr Russell , of the Vale of Leven , was called to tfeo chair ; and tho utmost harinony and kind feeling characterised the whole of the proceed ings , which appeared to b& highly gratifying to every one present . The Conference met , according to adjournment , at nineo ' clopk this morning , Mr F . Green in the chair . On tbe reading of the minutes ,
Mr Lenegan said it wohW ba observed that they had yesterday rejected a proposition from Holytown that at least two members of the Central Committee for the past year shall be re-elected . Sinoe then he had been giving the question more serioua consideration , and he was strongly of opinion that they ought to secure as much permanence in the Executive Committee as was consistent with a due control over the affairs of the Association by the members at Jarge , through their representatives . When they look at the extensive and complicated affairs ot the Association , It , became evidently their duty to piovide by law against the possibility of it a management being by any unforeseaa state of popular feeling thrown entirely mto tbe hands « f aow hV ioex-
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oerienced persons . He , therefore , begged fb . mo ^ that the word' rejeoted , ' appended to that relation in theminutea , be erased , ana the wWq ' adopted ' substituted instead , Mr Parker supported the resolution . Mr Ishbrwood and Mr Gouldbn opposed the mo-¦ . : r ' --r .. ,- . , ji r . i - fjinir- '
Mr RoB 3 O 5 said , that the principle involved ia the motion was not opposed to annual Parliament ? , or the creat principles of demooraoy . If it was , it should not have hia support . That Conferenca was , in fact the annual parliament of the Association , and was a deliberate and legislative body . But the Central Committee were in a very different position . Their duties were to administer the laws , and carry out the instructions of the parliament , Now though Parliaments ought to be elected at certain periods , they did nat find that either in this country or in America the executive ministry was so elected . They retained office eo long as they possessed the support of the majority of the legislative body . In railway companies ' , which were more analogous , they found that a certain proportion of the direotors
retired annuallyi subject to re-eleetion . This plan united continuity oi management and popular oon « trol . There were many philanthropic persons , who , he was persuaded would come forward to aid them in carrying out such plans as they had now resolved upon . It was the intention of the Central Com . mittee to appeal to Buoh men as Lord Ashley , Lord Manners , and others of a similar character , who had made tho social condition of the working classes their peculia r study , and to invoke their assistance and influence in working out these views . ( Hear . ) But unleBs these partiss 8 aw that the management of large funds was entrusted to bodies so constituted as to give a proper guarantee for experience and consistency Of operations , they would not be likely to assiut the plans of the Association . Mr Russell supported the motion , and
Mr Lindsay said , he was expressly instructed by his constituents to do so . Tijo motion waa carried , with only two
dissentients . Toe Secretary then read the following letter from the president : — Over Norton , June 16 , 1848 . My doar Sir , — -I have the pleneure to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of yesterdaj ' a date , informing wo of the flattering manner in wh'ch the Conference bad done mo the honour to requiro the continuance of my humble services as president of their Association for the ensuing Veftif .
I receiva also with satisfaction the list ofomcors elected to serve ou tbe Geutml Committee ; end as I find it oompoaed of gentlemen who , in my opinion , have here , tofore most efficiontly and honourably discharged their duties ia the tame capacity , I shall feel obliged by your communicating to tbe members of Conference that I have do hesitation in again co-operating with those they have electsd ; and , approving as I do of the votes that Conference has pns « ed , I place myself , as far as my health will permit , and my humble abilities can avail , now as hitherto , at the commaad of the Association .
I have tbe honour to remain , My dear Sir , yonra faithfully , Thomas 5 . Dun combe . To Mr Barratt , Secretary , &o ., « 5 jc . P . S . —Excuse baate to e&re tbe early poet , Mr Rumkll again brought np the case of the Vale of Leven block printers . After briefly re-statfng the fact ? , he concluded by moving that they be granted £ 20 to aid in defraying the debts incurred during the turn-out . The motion was lost . Mr RuasELL then moved that the chim for two weeks' aliment , according to scale , be referred to a select Committee , consisting of Mr T . S . Duncombe , Mr Parker , and Mr Peel . This motion was also negatived . On the motion of Mr Bubs , it waa resolved , That each member of this Association pay one penny per . >„ o- ^ offorr n fund to oroteot those
members who have beeH made viotima for advancing the interests of this Association , the said fund to be held sacred , and the Central Committee to have the power of applying it to the support of suoh oases of persecuted members , according to their discretion . ' Mr Lindsay then brought under the notice of the Conference the oasa of the shoemakers ef Inverness . A union had been formed in that town ; a deputation waited upon the masters with reference te an advanee of prices , to which they agreed , but afterwards they said the advance waa made under intimidation . The men were seizad , tried , aud sentenced t ) various periods of imprisonment .
A vote of sympathy was agreed to , and Mr Lindsay was instructed to visit Inverness , on bis return to Scotland , to explain the course which the Central Committee had tsken in this case at the time it occurred , and also to explain ta them , and the trade of that town , the proceedings of fcho Conference and the plans of the Association . Mr Robson then rose to bring forward the question of a labour league , as proposed by the Central Committee in the business paper , and , in doing so , read that portion of the address of Mr Duncombe in wnich he objected to several ot the propositions , on the general ground that all government interference was calculated to cripple the independence and selfreliance of the people . The Central Committee , in deforencfl to the opinions thus clearly expressed by their president , had come to the resolution to withdraw the whale of ths propositions for the labour league . .
_ Mr Goclden must express his regret at this course . He admitted that the Central Committee had quite enough to do in carrying out the Other business of the Association , but he must state that this portion of the business was very popular in Manchester . He regretted the necessity for withdrawing it , but trusted that some eteps would be taken by the Central Committee to carry it out in spirit , at least . Mr Pakkbr said he had a declaratory resolution which , he believed , would meet Mr Goulden ' s view . It waa as follows : — ' That this Conference recommend to the Central Committee to instruct their leoturers , agent ? , &o-, to prepare the minds of the working classes with whom they may come in contact , for the paramount necessity of rendering all the assistance in their power to enable the Central Committee to carry into effect the following propositions : —
To cause the employers ia trados , wherever practicable , to provido properly lighted and ventilated workshops for those employed by them , in ordor to do away with the middleman and 8 ivoatJng systoro , aad prevent the numerous evils arising from work bilng done at private houses . Regulation of the hours of labour in nil trades , with a view to equalise and diffuno employment among the working classes , so that some ehall not be overworked , whilo Others are starving for want of employment . The employment of tho surplus labour ef the country by the government in useful government works , such ao the reclamation ot ' wasta liind ? , improvement of harbours , deeponing of rivors , < fcc , Sanatory regulations of a general aud comprehensive character . The appointment of o minister of labour to suporintend the carrying out and practical operation of theae various moasures , for the improvement of tho condition
of tbe industrious classes . He quite agreed wish the Central Committee in the course they had takeu , bouauaa ho believed that it they carried out the plaa for tho organisation of Labnu ' r , which they had passed yesterday , they would have quite enough to do . By tha resolution he now proposed , they would , to a considerable oxtent , eft ' eot tho objects intended by tho Labour League . Ttten lecturers and agents would be usefully employed ia preparing the minds of the penple a f . large for a goneral movement , in tha direction indicAted , at sotno
tuture time . Mr Garbutt confessed ho was somewhat astonished at the withdrawal of these propositions . If it had nat baeii for their- apyoarauoa on tho businoBB * paper , he , for one , would most probably not haye baen sent to that Conferenne . He attached ureat importance , for instance , to the proposition tor sanatory reform . ( Hear- ) It was a subject which closely and deeply affected tho working olasaes . In . Liverpool , for instance , he found the average duratiou of life amonK tho working classes was from nineteen to twenty-two years , while in the middle classes it was from forty-two to fortyaix years , more than double . ( Hear . ) As . ho waver , the reaction , proposed by Mr Parker , would enable the Central Committee to agitate the questions alluded to , he should give it hia suppirt as tha next best oourse , after the formal withdrawal of tho resolutions on the business paper .
Mr Pahkkb said , that the passing of his resolution would in fact , add the object * named t-j the Association for tho Protection ot Industry , and enable it to petition Parliament , and m other modes oreate a publio opinion on the subject . . After some further disousmon , the motion was unanimously adopted . < The following motions were unanimously agreed to : ~ That the thanks of this Conferanoo ara herjby given to tha Central Committeo and the General S ? erotary , for their ordent devotion ta the cause of Labour , and their osortioni to carry out the objects of this Association . Tuat tho thanks of this Coufarenoj are heroby given to our worthj President , the friend of Freedom and Labour , T . S . Diweomb o , E ^ q ., M , P ., with aa earnost wiaij for hl 9 upoody restora tion to health . This motiou was carried with every demonstration of respect , amidst prolonged cheers .
That a vote of thanks bo given to tha press , especially to the Mobnisg ADVERTHEtt , NORMEBH STAR , Mid Nobth British Expbess , for tho reports wbioli have beta given of tho proceedings of this Conference . Tflat this Confcronoa tenders its boai thanks to Mr F , Green , for bin gentlemanly , honourable , anil impartial conduct as tho chairman of this Conference ; and further , that this Confurenoe highly approve of his conduot in oonuezion with tbe Central Committee , and express a hope , that be will long continue to promote the interests of the Association ; Mr Gkebk returned thanks , and the Cjnfdrence broke up at one o ' clock .
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FlttENDS venus ENEMIES . TO THE EDITOR 01 ? THE NORTHERN STAR . Sin , —In passing along Biphopsgato-streot-witbout on Monday laat , I wao rejoiced to obaorve at a ehop-deer , painted on a board in vory largo letters , the following' The People ' s Cbarter recognised and folly supported at this shop . ' Now , sir , I think it ia high time the people should know their ' friends from their enemies , and therefore beg most earnestly to oall upon every tradesman
favourable to the People ' s Cbarter to do likewise , that they may thereby be known . If this plan was carried out it would enable thousands of Chartists to support thOBO tradesmen who are willing to do them justice , but wbo , at present , do not know- where to fir > d tbem ; and this wouldspsedily brlag the'special' Bhopooracy to aokn < jwledgo that every man , however humble his station , has an equal right to a rote with themselves . JunelC-. h . " . A Noh-EleOtob . [ Injustice to this tradesman oar correspondent should have given us bis name and business . —Ed N . 8 . ]
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THE NECESSITY OF TRADESMEN DOING JUSTICE TO THE WORKING CLASSE 3 . TO THE RET / UL TRADERS OF ENGLAND , BY ONE OF THEIR OWN ORDER . Bbotheb TiiiDEeMKN , —Permitted , through the kindness ot the Editor , to address you oo a former occasion , I should not again obtrude myself upon jour notice could I see any probability of a movomoat taking-place for tbe improvement of our future prospects . The eapitaHsts , having made everything snug , appear to have shut the door and bolted themselves in . The mechanics have long rallied round their Trades Unions . The labourers , like the children of Israel , flock around the leader of their affections , and anxiously await possession of tbe promised land—even the travellers who call to selicit our orders nave a society of their own . The fable of the Bundle ef Sticks certainly would appear to have been written for us alone . Ia these days of combination I cannot think our
Interest bo secure as to need no protection from such a source . A few raea of colour amongst us have earned for us the unenviable title of' ehopocrats' which , to my mind , is abeut one'degree more contemptible than th * of aristocrat , because we ought to know better , the same excuse for ignorance and prejudice In them cannot be made for us . ft ig ' just-possible that many of ths arlg . tocracy know nothing of tbe state or feelings of the prodacing classes , and if they do , are rendered so call 6 usby tbe education and bad principles they imbibe at the Universities that in after life , with the assistance of their spiritual advisers , and by reading their bibles upsidedown , they are gonerally enabled to- humbug themselves Into the idea that all the poverty and distress in the world is extremely proper aad that God and not them , selves is the author of it—take for instaaoe , that most impudent piece of national blasphemy , the great . fish dinner . dny for the fftilo . ro of pig-victuals in Ireland . But with us it ie quite a different affair ; if any can be found
amongst us who do hot sympathise with both the politically and sooially degraded posttion of the productive ol&iBes , I have no hesitation in ascribing it to a detestable and brutal despotism : —a union amongst us would give expression lo far difiVeat feelings te those which characterise tboeo unworthy members of our trade , known Q 3 shopocrats ; and thie alene should induce us ta unite ; bat there are other reasons which , by boihb , may be deemed more important ; amongst them I may name , 1 st , Political influence ; 2 nd , The command of the wholesale markets ; 3 rd , A vast amount of general information relating to the trade , both la town and country ; 4 rh , The means for tho ezprossion of our opinions qb a body ; and if that opinion was dictated by a love of justice and mercy to man , and of honour for the laws of God , it would win for us the respect of all , and the affectionate regard of chose whoso good will to aa is broad . Up , then , you men of cities and large towns , remember that six knaves in a garret concocted the most stupendous hum->— . » ^ c rtionresent century ; Bee , therefore , what an equal
number of honest men cnti do in a . good c&use . 'mere is aa awkwara question , that clauses aro putting to one another , In iheseohaUy timaa , It is tMs—of w . hat ate are you S If put to us , I suppose our answer would be something like the following :-. ' 0 ur business here is to facliitato ( he transfer of goods from the hands of the manufacturer , importer * or merohant ( from whom they osn only be had advantageously in large ^ usatities ) , to the hands of tho oonsumer , who requires them in small quantikios , ohargiDg forour time and labour in the shape of profit that which give * us tho means of living eomfortably , though frugally , and proWdins forage . This is all wo can , in strict justiov , claim ; and now , reader , if you tre one of those unfortunate wights , tied down to an
overgrown retailer , * ho from hi * capital can buy over your head , and who » crows and squeezes ; you down , In order that you la jour turn may screw and squeezo your poorer customers out of first-ra ' - e price for a . second-sate article , by having lempted them to owe you a ( ew shilling * , which you in turn owe to your employer ( for I will « bt call him your merchant or manufacturer , for he is neither ); if suoh I say , reader , be your position , for Heaven ' s sake get out of sue * a disreputable one without delay—it only wants union , half-a-dozen so oituated , by uniting , mtghtfreo th « mselve « iu lost than b ! x months and oatablish communications nith first-rate wholesale houses . Bat to do this you must be honest to yourselves and your customers . You must not attempt , to make the poor man ' s ready money pay tor the rich man ' s credit . The
goor man may take oradit for a week , the richia offended with less than a year . It 'may look big to be a purveyor to Sir Tom Somebody , or Jack Nobody , Efq ., and a £ 50 or £ 100 acceptance looks flattering , but it is tbe dirty coppers over the counter that makes-the till look amiable and keeps the pot boiling . Stick to tho fustian jackot g aad they will stick to you—do all in your powor- ( and jou can do much ) to ralso them politically and sociallynever rest until you have emancipated yeur old and worthy friends who have ' supported you bo lsng—do not be aograteful to a class to . n-bom yog owe so much . Individually you can do little—united-you can ralso yourselves and th « m to permanent prosperity ; on your heads be the consequenoee if you neglect your duty . And now a word to my old friendo , the producers . Never
patronize a shop with a host of assistants behind the counter , those poor fellows aro as badly used as yourselves , they are slaves ,. most probably for life . Some will tell you you can buy . more advantageously at a large e ^ tablisment ; bat an active , intelligent tradesman witb ati apprentice ( if economy is used in Wb family ) cm affard , if he is honest , to supply you quits at well , If not better ; and what ought to bo of serioua consideration to you is , that with the latter you do not directly encourage tboso who hold the whip over you . Never go into a dirty-looklng sUop , the peoplo are lazy and you cannot afford to pay for their idlenoBS . Do not encourage a man when you soo his wife or children about the streets in
finery , or when you boar the strumming of o piano in hi * house in the day time , for he or his family will come to tho workbeuse and you will have to support him there , and you need not l « t biro spend your money first . Do not support a subscriber to tho Weekly Dispatch , far he will be a fellow of no principle , and will' be sure to cheatyoa . Weigh , maaBure , and teat every article you purchase , and you will give tho fair trader a . chance . I n ^ ed not request that if a anion , such asl propose , should bi formed that you will give it your undivided Bupport . Sincoroly wishing you Buccess , I romMn v ; ry gratefully yours , A . Citizen op the Wobid . ,
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HINTS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY-FINANCEAND ORGANISATION FOR THE OBTAINMENT OP THE CHARTER .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE N 0 BTHEBK STAR , gitt ) _ The poor fuadholders with tho small aum of five po ' unda per y ear arising from a capital saved in the course of ft long and arduous life of drudgery , are froquoutly tbo victims of ministerial robbery . Servants whoso rigid economy enibled thorn after years of toil to get a little , money—the paor frujalising hard working man—tho pallid clerk with o large family—tae stingy bars-bonod milliner , aad the iqualid dressmaker , whoso pradenoe told them to save and malto no alliances—The poor orphanB , aud widows of deceased parents or husbands , with their boIo dependence in tha t ' undi , havo
frequently besn trapped b y tho spaciousness of government securities , and have fallen alike the victims of a well-organisud caaspiracy , conesotod by men already teeming with riches , and who execute thoir purpaBes without tbe least regard to mercy , or compunction . More than ono-third of the whole- of tho funded proprietors do not derive an incomo of more than five pounds par yoBr from funded Becuritlos , and theBe poor people ara told that U any changes in the go « rnmcnt should lead to more liberal institutions , the first effoct will be the plunder of their humble dependance . Taia is only a part of the political eyutcm pursued by the aristocracy in thoeovernmont of this country .
In the eyes of a minister , either whig or Tory , polili . cal economy meaus that tho working classes shall work the flesh off their boaes , —earn a groat detil and live upou a little , and give up ' the reraalndtir with piou * resignation t 3 their aristocratic mastors . The curranoy question 1 b , as to how raoni'y tuns , or the running of goldon sovereigns' into -the , pickets of bloated bishops and a dissolute peerage , Financo means taxing tbo multitude until their atomaShs aro empty nud their b wes bare , asd bribing the House of Cjmniuu ;) , while the pruss and cultivated oIqbbos conceal the robbery of tUo people bv the aristocracy , Finance every now aud th < m muds thousands of hands adrift upon society whenever a scrow bci-omeB loose under its rottea and fictklouB system . Tho failuro of tho potato crop deranged this eyatem , and eight
mil-Hone of gold were taken from the circulation find seut out of tho country ; tho merobanto aud manufacturers could not get thuir credit kept up , aad failures to tho amount of twouty-oigh : millions occurred within o few weeks , and so brought ruin and desolation upon thousands . This lending and borrowing system alone makes special constables of tho middle claoaea aud illiterate tradesmen , and corrupt . voten at the hustings . This system oxacts more subjection from tho masses tiun police or military , —than shells , grape ; canister , and oongrevos . But when it is once understood it will crumble to the dust its ingenious supporters , Wby is it that the middle classes are not with the meohaalcs and the ether working classes *; because they are bound band and foot to their bnnkera , brokers , millers , merchants , mauufaoturers , warehousemen , itrawora , distillers , and wbo or « oil money lenders in thejr . wi » r , ffhetiier It i » gold ,
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or flour , gin or beer , tallow or tea ; all of whom or © bound in tarn to the Baak of Eoglaad , and the said bank to the aristocracy , whs lend them their spars cash out of tbe taxes Qf the people , The middle classes stand bfltwean the aristocratic iakr and the working man . The former are everlastingly in operation upon them , whilst the latter fcave nev . r yet used their power Bq as to be felt b y them , No shopkeeper or em « H Vradesman can keep up his credit or payments with the clause * above mentioned nhheutthe support aad assistance ol the workiog man . Withdraw that from him and hebecomes nothing . Here then is power which tha working man has < mr the special consfable , Ia tiro Tower Hamlets , Finabury , Marylebone , Westminster , Lambeth , SouthwarU , and Greenwich , thta class can be crippled in no time . The like onn be done in all the great towns throughout the country in Ubs than six months , unless tho class Join and subscribe to etnfcnftlor flour , gin or beer , tallow or tea ; all of whom M ©
pate themselves end the working classes from the tyranny of a proud , wealthy , sad gorgeous aristocracy . What have the middle classes to thank the aristocraoy for ? Do they obtain cheap juitice ! Can they get their just demands paid by unwilling debters , or their houses or lends , if they have anv , from dishonest tenants , except upou terms so exorbitant sb to amount to a denial of justice ? Contrast the collection of taxes with the collection of debts and rents : Are they not thwarted which ever way they turn by expensive and corrupt institutions ? Are there not traps artfully laid , aad pits deeply concealed , to prevent their onward progress io power or independence out of their Indefatigable industrj f Are they not as freeholders deprived of their votes by the trickery of the rotten borough system , aad the te . nant-at . will clause f Their oourse , then , is plain ; they should join the working classes until tho barriers erected against them are s wept away , that they may take then ? place as freemen in the land of their birth .
All the power , riches , end honours of the country are In the hands of tho aristocracy , whilst the great mass of tho peoplo have notblDg . Their wealth , although bo few , amounts to four thousand milliaas , whilo tho whole national debt amounts to eight hundred millions , whioh is principally owned by about 280 , 000 persons , the moat of whom ate poof , Tiie lato Marquis of Hertford , from whose Irish preserves every branch of the Royal Artillery is principally manned , and who would on Monday week 5 iave cut down the people of England as blades of gras 3 fall before the scythe , cenld afford to let his Swisi valet tak « off £ 150 , 090 , and allow one of hie foreign mis . tresses £ 8000 a year ; notwithstanding , this person left of personal property two millions , and landed estates worth foar millions more , making in the whole six mil . lions . One hundred persons of this class could be found to pay the national debt in full , and thus restore to the leaders their legitimate property .
In the very centre of thie extraordinary wealth millions have been starved to death , and millions more are on their way to the same bourne ; or el «» they must re . main a burden upon the iuduitrious classes , nearly aa poor as themselves ; and so will this system be con . finned until murmuring sounds , like those which preceda a mighty volcitaie irruption , indicate a coming powes which must , sooner or later , bear down with irresistible ferce these powerful and tyrannical remnants of barbarous ages . The Wesleyans , insignificant In number and anything but rich , can raise eighty or ninety thousand pounds par year to propagate their priaoiple 8—they keep their mlnistera fat , sleek and happy , end In all other respects looking well to do in the world—they build colleges
, and have otherwise orgsniaed in a maaner worthy of imltstloD . They often collect the penny a week , five shillings—ten or twenty shillings a year , by the aid and enthusiasm of pretty young women . Tea and coffee help them more than gin , baer , and tobacco . Small tracts and missionary adventures in the East , or among the Flatnoses , and hair-breadth escapes from the fangrf of canaibals , who contemplated a rich feed ov « r the re . mains , do wonders among tha women—tbe money flows In , the coffers fill , until at last they hare become somebody la the state . ThVMik thtlr buslnegg connexion they get a great denl of money from all the other seets , whilst they themselves give nothing ia return . Lst this example ba followed . Let all the courti , alleys , and by' - "'" v " ' "'"? ° < l nn . and where there areno Cbanist class
* ««**¦*»¦ -- w _ leaders , let . one settle down and become an ardentprov pagandlst , and when the tens have been got together , Ie 4 them call on the butcher , baker , grocer , cheesemonger , shoemaker , tailor , publican , Jinendraper , and all the others with whom they deal , aud who cannot live with , out them—and not only ask tbem to ffBiTE their adhe . skn to their cause , but to subscribe to tbe fund which is to propagate their principles . Then tbe same trades * men must be made to ask the miller , brewer , distiller , warehouseman , banker , &c , for subscriptions for the same purposes , and tbetbing must prosper . Be as active as tbe raggsd . school men and ' the home missions in the propagation of principles . Every model houBe vraich is new buildlag U to become a barrack for the confinement and subjugation of tha young men af the worklngclaases , Where espionage can be easily exercised upon their habits , and where they are to be drilled Into the most slavish submission to the aristocratic proprietors or the million .
aire employers ; for poor they must remain until the end of their daje . Tbo workhouses have become a refuge of the idle and dissolute—of a vile and r < ckles 9 lazzaronl , and a garrison for soldiers . Let ten ChartistB elect a Uadcr—let there be ten leaders to one hundred men , all of whom are to know each other well , where they work , and their moral character . Let tbem cultivate a knowledge of their political condition ovt r tra and coffee and small tracts . Let one thousand m ? n form a double cohort , having onv hundred leaders , and let the hundred leaders elect a half-dozen « f head advisers . Let them be taught 1 b tenB to lift their legs up aud put them down again with rapidity and precision . Let news come with ease and rapidity from a circumference to a centre , and orders go from a centre to a circumference in the same manner as in Scotland-yard or iu tbe Poat-cffise . TheB , when thousands can be made to respond with telegraphlo rapidity to the stroke of the magic wand , It is tben that despotism will disappear , and the rights of man be finally and for ever established . of
Loudon should be the battlu ^ round principles ; it is here where the parties can meet each other faco to face . It is In this lordly city where the responsibilities can be mast easily found . Tbe rich domains of Blooms * bury , Si Pancras , Marylebone , 8 t George ' s , Westminster , Chelsea , Hyde Park-gardens , and other ecclesiastical valuables , are good securities . The lordly owners would as well think of bombarding these rich preserves , as they would think of granting vote by ballot , universal suffrage , annual parliaments , equal electoral district ! , no-property qualification , and payment of members . These can bo had , but care must be taken in the selection of parties who are to treat for them .
A Wohkinq Man . [ We were obliged to suppress the commencement of this letter . —E » . N . S . I
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TO TIIE FEMALE CHARTISTS . Ladies , —I have presumed to address you , at this very critical season , on a topic aa interesting to jou as It is dear to me . Tha hour has at lesgth arrived for action , All the energies of human nature must bow bo brought to bear , so as to bring about a sure but victorious result . The celebrated poet , Ckwaj , bsjb , in one of UU master tragodicB , th 3 t ' Woman can do much , if that she ' s in . clioed ; from the depths of the direst evil to the pinnacle of tho greatest good . ' So eoy I . Woman con do much , and much is now required » t her hand . If ; ladies , you have tho will and tbe sacred cause at heart— ' be up and doing . ' Dalay not n moment . My sincere advice isform yourselves into localities , and meet nieht after night for this purpase . The females of the Tower Hamlets are nobly doing their work ; also , tho females
at Leicester and other places ; io ought the women In evory town in the kiBgdom , and I dt ) really think they will . Therefore , form your ' local clubs' for the purpose of considering uud adopting those means whereby you ma 7 be most useful in the straggle of regenerating tho social and political reform to necessary te make jou and vour 9 hnppy and contented . If you desire to free yaur&elveu from bondage , and benefit the whole human race , you must make every sacrifice to build up the sacred temple of liberty and fatherland ; or by your negleot and aputhy , bequeath to your offspring an iaorcaao of dogradation anil miasry , TbtTvlore , be speedy , and prove yourselves worthy of being wives , mothers , and daughters of CiiArtlit men , aud by timely and mature consideration , devleo plans ' t ' ull ; and substantially to hear a metto like that ot tbe Torret Hamlet female ;— ' Live
with our men ; ilio by , or fur them . ' The following re . solution , which was carried unanimously at the first FavaaU Chartist meeting , should ba carried and adopted at all your clubs . It runa as follows : — ' That , in order to unite the bonds of tbe sacred cause of Chartism still stronger , we propose publishing a list of all tho trades , nnmes , and residences of Charti 5 tB , that no muy alone deal with thuna , find tUus enrich each other , and not pu ; weapens into the hand 3 of our enauiieB to iojure and d-.-stroy ourselves . ' Carry this resolution out to the very letter , and you will not only add lustre to the cause , but will deserve tho henriy wishes and cordial approbation of all pood men , Tours , < Sso ,, JI . Mandeb Mat , Prositl ^ nt of the Fo'Ualo Torrer Hamlets Chartist Society .
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Ingenious Swindle at Liverpool . —A Btyliahly . dressed man , > ho gave tho name of John Ogdan * was charged with obtaining money by false pretences . Mr Levi , silversmith , Elliott-street , Liverpool , stated that the prisoner called upon him on Saturday afternoon , and offered a parcel of gold for sale , which ho said was scrapings of chinaware . The gold metal stood the acid test , and considering it to bo genuine , he purchased it , giving 45 shillings and a ring ia payment . Upon subsequent inquiry , iD turned out that what had been sold as gold waa merely a com . position , with a sufficient overlaying of leaf gold to make it pass the test . Seveval other cases wsre mentioned against tho prisoner , and it waa also stated that there was a gang of mes going about engaged in the fraud . The prisoner , who excused himself by saying that the property was not his , was committed for trial .
A DBSEim tD Snip . ~ Un ( IerdftteIIamburgh , Juno Ufa , we have the following : — ' Tho brig Ferdinand Captain Groot , arrived at Port-au-Prince from Liverpool , states that , in latitude 36 54 and longil »« 0 | she . fc 11 in with an abandoned ship , named the Mary , of Liverpool , painted green , and tw covered with barnaoleB that she must have been Isng deserted , but , owing to the roughness of the weather , it waa laposBible to board her . '
(F^ "• ' - —J— *== Gattonal Assocfatflm Ot Miwi Jlttiits'
( f ^ " ' - —J— * == gattonal assocfatflm ot miWi jLttiitS '
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Untitled Article
THE NORTHERN ST A > -: - - . ______ r iir . ^^^^^^ " i . iiMi - aiinimi 'ii ! iiiiii £ iiiMiMiiiinivii ^| iiiiitiirtf ^ iafawi » iMWMtfww >« M l | ii _^ a . ^ gmr ... , " '" " ....
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 24, 1848, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1476/page/6/
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