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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Bjmmmb^Ilmhi^B*Abb«Ahmsnsih $Ttfta& _ ^ «Tdttw^
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^ JjSroTcmZEN CAUSSIDIERE , Ex-S 1 ftefect of Police and Representative of the Peo-* j e > London s R . Bentlej , New Burlington Street . If the retder will tarn , to page 5 , he will see that iL'A ^ i P **** * * ^ demoted th eprindpal ' porf ^ n of his letter to t review of these autobiographi ^ memoirs of the ex-Prefect of the Police of Paris . Citizen Caussidiere ditws-t frightful but faithful -ctore of the dejBonlised state of his country nnder jte E « y of Louis Philippe— the Jew of Kings and rme of Jewi . ' Every spedes of crime , ' aays l
Ctlzen Causndiere , cned aloud against the cor . je tton of private morals , and the deterioration of ^ donal prosperity under this government of pririjigc , of selfisruie * s . and of corruption . ' - ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦' The people , wearied of this state of things , com . ffl enced the agitation for electoral reform . But the aitatore were divided into two sections—the real * £ d the jfaw reformers . Odillon Barrot was . the chi ef of the humbugs , whilst Ledra RoUin was gene-0 v regarded as the principal leader of the demo , pats . The thorns desired merely a change of men « the substitution of one set of knaves for another
ffift just as much , of so-called ' reform' as might ngre served to throw dust in the eyes of the millions . The democrats , on the contrary , desired a change of institutions , and the substitution of a system founded on justice for the ther-jxisting system of privilege .-At first the two parties were united , but they soon parted company . ' At Lille the Royalists were obliged to retreat before the Republic At Dijon , Chalons , Toaloose , ' &c , royalty was completely effaced at the prospect of political and even of social reform . '
At the opening of the Mowing session the « reform banquets' were honoured by special deanncia fion in the * royal speech . * The majority in each of the Chambers replied in fulsome addresses , assuring the Fagin of tfceTuaeries that the glory of hit same , the ofemsy * of hit rufe , and that $ acred deposit , the Charter of 1830 , could not fail to be transmitted to future generations ! A little month ' and neither rule' nor Charter' had existence , and the name of the royal hypocrite had become a byword of contempt and scorn .
. In the debate on Louis Philippe ' s speech' the right of public meeting and association was eloquently defended by Odillon Barrofc Duvergier- de Hauranne , Remusat , Dufaure , MaUevOle , Marie , &c . Hot twelve months have passed and the world has seen these scoundrels trample upon the rights they so lately defended , and perform acts of atrocious { mnny far worse than history will lay to theaccoimt of Guizot and Duchatel . It is not yet a year since Lamaftine reproached the government for ' placins the hand of the police on the mouth of the country . ' That wit under the Monarchy ! Under the Republic Lamartine himself has assisted the enemies of liberty to stifle public opinion by military violence . ' '
The projected banquet in the twelfth arroudissescent of Paiis , brought the question at issue between the Ministry and the Opposition to- a crisis . The banqaet was forbidden * The Opposition-ra few truly honourable men excepted—shrunk from taking up the gauntlet flung down by the Ministry and retired from the struggle . But bolder men were now forthcoming . The chiefs of the secret societies susmoned their men to
action , and the summons was answered by one and ill . On the evening of the 21 st of February a meet , ing of * a hundred citizens of tried courage and unflinching character * - was heloT" at the office of the Beforme . The meeting included Ledra RoUfa , loais Blanc , D'Alton Shee , Caussidiere , Hocon , Baune , Etienne Arago , Thore , Albert , Lagrange , Bdecluzs ( then a provincial journalist , now chief editor of the Revolution Semoeratigue et Sociale ) and other brave conspirators . '
Iks sitting m mo * t . animated . Sotaa contented thaaselvea irith an energetic proteM egaiUit the . Hn ' f ' s niaisterr , Others urged tbat inmediate preparationi j fcouHDemadeto opposa fere& by farce . The Utter maintained that an inratrectloa « u unavoidable , that me hundred thousand men well affected to the cause would present thenuelvei in the morning in thepuhHo street ! , and that « uca a splendid opportunity was not to be thrown away . The former feared a defeat , which £ e government would doubtless take advantage oi ; to crush by new and eppressive lawa all possibility of meetings being held in futnre , all liberty of the praes and propagandUxn , and the little that still remained of pcliticJ rlghu and meana of emanctpitlon . It was ,
kurever , finally molted that each man ihonld betake hfcaelf separately , andtrlli Usioods » its poetttt , to tie Ffaee de la HtcTeietoe , lo watcb tbe course 9 f eventJ , end t 9 gain oTcrpsbHcopintos agsnutrojalty . In cue of an outbreak , each member was to repair immediately to tfceeffiee ofthelUjcBirs , to organise the move . mint with vigour , and to give It a . republican character . That night the popular excitement , increased . 'The air was impregnated with revolutionary matter . Aa electric spark , of enthusiasm seemed to glow Ik tke breasts of alL' . Hexfc day the revolt commenced . Several of the people were killed , including two women , and a number were grievously wounded . The revolt continued on the 23 rd , and tbat evening aw the downfall of Goizot and his gang .
Guizot * laughed heartily' when threatened with iapeactmieot on the . 22 ad . 'Within twenty . fow hours he was shorn of power and a fugitive ! A few days subsequently he slunk from France disguised , in the dress of i . flunkey ! ' . ' .- " The retirement of Gdzot had satisfied the iour-Smsie , and the population generally abandoned itself to demonstrations cf joy . The insurrection was all but ended when the dying embers of revolt were
re-iimfled by the massacre on the Boulevard' des Cipucines . The night of the 23 rd was spent in preparations for another and final struggle . Citizen Canssidiere gives a spirited description ef tie erection of the barricades on the nig ht of the 2 $ rd rf February . His account of the glorious struggle on the 24 th , does not disclose any new fact ' of importance ; indeed the accouat is rather imperfect * ail unartistic The conclusion is spirited : — 0 a the Piece de Grew , on the * bloody barrfcidei , in tte nptera streets , from the window * of the homes , tttre m cne waiting shout of rictory - < - ± YivehBefcbuqos . ' The followrng extract gives a vivid picture of the stat e of Pa ris immediately after the eombat . HMIJBK M At TH * TtTttEBEM . —UTOVfTlD fUFECT OF rOUCE .
like many other * , I arriTed at the PilaU Roy tl with a i&O'ket in my hand , and after t& « Cfaateac d'Eaahai " « en carried by auanlt , I entered the Tntieriei , a « - teooisd at the feeble rcsUtmoee tb » t bad beea made by tiia Wendeii of Mjilty . Likaoih « t , I stopped h * tt > tiiB steps of the throne , and ay thought * wandered to a poor brother , murderad at Lyons in 1834 . It wa * on the ttept of the altar of Cbriit that he fell , struck by t&ree ball * , with sixty four bayonet wouada in hisbo * y ; aad hiscorpte relisqoUhed aa a prey to a maddened toldieiy ms soon lit lie more than a tbsus of blood " aedi . ¦ - ¦ #
OnlaivingtheTnlltrlei I proceeded to the office of tiuBcrouosnewspaper , wlsere " great number of in-• Hitnti wire apD 0 im . Uns a . gotetmnsnt . Wtun Oicm » citizens who had been nominated for the Froriiional ftmer installed themselves at the Hotel de Tille , thera * ae still two ioportant ofices which ienunded inune . 4 Ute attention—tte diwotton ' of the Poit O&ee , which vuatonee « Btrastedt « £ tienn « Arsgo ; and the Fre . f « tnrS of Police . X proposed Basoe for the Polioe
t [ Septrnnent ; h » declined . Several othtr citixenslliey :- - * iie rtfnssi , All who wore pat in nomination declined i K diacultatatk . Fiocon andlaune then proposed I ] »« , ta conjunction with Sobiier . At first I would not ueepttiie offer , hit the entreaties of the peopla and the I : Wwleigo that I shsald bare Sobrler fjr t , colleague , ij ; "foMdmeatlasttpaceefttt . * " * j % ' I P ««« 4 edtothePrefccwre , ' ae « on » panied by 8 ebrier ^ aCahtlgne , without any aeeeulon of ceU-esteem hnt ^^ thout any ' mlitraitofByKlf . ' IjraveaymMket i ua ay pistol * lo 8 obrier « ndtfafca ! gn » , whohad already | ^ aatidt tJieir , arias , and . oily retained my sabre , Wdeaarai btttned round my indy by a red tub . It ^ M the iword of honour of my f «* er «
I . « I «» tmd the priEalpal catttt of the Pfefee'ue ! r ^ » y wa cowsiei , allwasdlsor 4 er an * confoiion . | , * P ^ fco * as ttrewM with helnetf , ' honea' » addl « i , [ , <| « i fflffitsry » ecoitrenaentt < Abtmt i , W mn , Uxuii-| 3 rp ^ 6 « ut , an 4 troppsofthelin » , hadiu « etacnaua * S i ^ l ** * ** Acompanyofthe UUi itgioa altn * S | ^^^ aBythinf iaMmllltary ' ordsr . - I t was tae W& ^ sV ?} o ! tbl *« onspiay . * eeon 4 ed by Adjutant Caron ^ 1 ft . u Cart * « who , to avoid , a cotflwt , bad fcaoctd ?? § r ** 1 eIpai 6 utrdi knd tee Una to withdraw . A r £ t £ * l < rttr a * UsBt i «* » « r htt ""^ * ^ - ¦*» l ? i y ^^ o ^ asncetu obta ^ wiftont ftttffiiiiiJtt ^ f ¦ : M «^ t * ere walkisg no and down the court ' s , skontinf \ r >| tt ^ la Wat * te ! ' 'Vive U RiiubHq . u » l'andsinjfag vM ^^ "Wiehjmn . the mf'iaa wasirtremely p . g ^ ure ? que . lt j . td ^ tj , etfftct of ibg rudest dream !
§ " ^ ° M' « dtheetptalnofthaS 4 tionalQtt * rd toeallklg I . ^? * ^ Sether . tad in a short address I announced my I ^^ aalnaiDlnatioB tothB ' Prefeotafe , and exhorted . < % ^ Jt ^*^* ntaent ' tb Und W thefr auintanoe tet \ - fte re-estrtuii ^ jiit of drder . ' aud the proTldlrig ~ 'l to ^ tft * mo ! tnr 8 e ° tdem * ad'of tIlt ino"enti They [ I &T ? ' » thenthu « U « m that they tronld do so , and i ^ * PtttMfcBtomiltwith seal and intelligence . 1 W iJ ~ Uee oW , atiUt «« o « nanladby Sobrier and Ca-I SS % ^ ?*» -W « towi <» . ^ th e . 8 wre * ary- £ to » raJ , 1 iS ** J'ouodoalyaro ei ^ ySr aad tirt Baffifi , who I ^ fSau | ia 6 dataMir £ s « t * , Ir « me » t > er © ilwr « ft «» j
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'° « jr ticotni . awwatow-aa : * miaumptttfaM for ' ' Kfortaoftka MentpolIoe , -V - J < ¦ . It waaVtlh suchTitneMloni ft at I took PoMtHion' o » tahrtel . froB whlehibuf . fey *^ $£ S £ ' * wamntofarreitladbseainntdagtlnstnje . IpUead « ayaw <) rdnpoa « aedt , 8 . telwdWaw u « wittThU pistol * , an * wb « t to w « k at « oe . Here k a report oi . ' .., ' : < ' ¦ ' . ¦ CmiM CACHttKMf « " fan Tun to iai PaoVi . - - ,- ; -aiowAB 6 bT £ smtniT . VJ ^ *
i C ! !! -, ^^" ' « ay ; a » oe « tl e ^ nld , la thU Ubyrtatnof afitaoi et . r , description ^ I only receive * was doing In its sitting * at the Hotel da VlUe . I there , fore reselTed , on the enniiif of tie 2 « A Pebroary , to ro andpaythenaiUjkt , loastoinfornniyialf ' on Various aubj . ctt ; I set out , ' ae «' mp * nledbya guard of twenty men . I had nojlme to change my ' fots , and had » j my titemy sabra with thered knoft , a brace « f . pistols to my sash , and m j flgatfaK oap . We aniTed at the balnstrade In front of the Hotel daTiUe , through tanuaier . rable guards and chaUtnpi ot ' tyi ejw / ' and were obligtd CTery moment to give the pus-word . I oaacom . pwe the entrance cf the Hotel de ViUe to nothing elis than abefl . hlTe * 'Anamedaad turauleutorowdthronged
the stepi . Those under the peristyle were dn . dnty , and eontfnually drore bickthecrowd , which stopped up the ¦ ta inmie . To obtain » a : ( entrance , it . waa neoeiiary to mal « a Hgala * ^ aalt , w , d brlnj into play both dbows . and shouWers , at ths ' rbk '' of ' 1 os ! nr a limb or two . I was obliged to 1 mt « my escort behind and to try and force my way ,. accompanied by my lleut . nant only . Twice I was driren bacfc . wlth lo »; bu » , thanks ; to-my tigorons , « fforts and to my Mae recognised , by some olifeena , I , succeeded , witt my Ueutenan ^ in . refehia , fl ,, stiircaie : ol the first wry . The leader ef the escort , whom I had taken tatow , wai aiprighfly stud * nt , whb wu all butatifled to the crush ; The mauot armed andnnarmeddtisMis that eecadoned this confusion were tfcere to see and
hear what was gains on ; perhap * , ; also , to claim service * t the Hotel de yille . It wu the Tower of Babd on a small scab . If laid aotloieonesf my Umbi fa this rough passage , ! lost one of my pistols . Tesawmy aowrpropre u Prtftct , I hare always endeatonred to ptwnademiielfUntlnthasottfflaftfeU on * of ay belt , but the fact is , it was tnatcfaed out . I cannot !* ay . precisely at what moment ; some honest dtlxen , doubtless , who had . bo . arms , was of opinion' that I did net need two , and that , like good brothers , we ought to go shares . I was semewhat di « con ' certed at it , as la erWcil moments Uk « th « e a man UgUdtohaTehisweapom at hand , On the landing plaesef tho first floor . I-encountered similar obstacles to Impeaemy progreti to the Proriiional Sorernment . Its crd rict
« Bwereso « , thatwh « aoneoftts members pretenWd hlmielf alone , he had tqnal dimeuities to contend against . ; The owning before , Cfaien Ledra RoUin had beenwfuied admittance , and ; it was with" great dlffi . cultyttatkerejotatd his colleagues ; Altheughths first floor « warm » d with dtUensand pupUsof ths Polytechnic School , tbe crowd was . not so dense as below . In about an hour I at Ust reached the deor of the couneU ebAinber . In a Iiag gallsry , iniongh whicH ! I had to pus , the printers of die Momtimi were Busy nrihtlng the decree * which left the couneU chambar . A somewhat dii . orderly actirity wa » risible CTery wh « e . Ef ery man seemsd aware of the necuslty of getting through hta workasfast a * possible ; All thei member * of the Provisional Gorern * ment wereseatedronnd' a large table with tbefaSispensable eloth
green , , Giueral TUwa , aecurt , Fiottud . and o *« r niiiros were'also seated at the gereramental table . These gentlemen were literally buriad aU ? e in a heap of torn papers , which inundated the floor of the room , and reached up . to . an ordinary man ' s waist , A heavy and oppreMlTe almoiphere we ! ghe * npon this assembly . I approaohed a window which was half opeD , my sabre under my arm , and awaited the termination of a diicuision that was going on . I thus wat a witntsshow the affairs of the S « pnblican Gonrnment were managed Tfaeycoamenceadrawtognp adccKe , which wasioon torn np , the frogmen * being seat to increMe the heap upon the floor , and then all was commenced om again . The warfare between tbemois ' rate an * democratic parties existed there in full farce .. Flooon and Gamier Pages to the
appeared me two mo » t doughty champions , the one for energetic , the othir for the most dilatory measure * . I ahall net relate word far . wor * all that came to my earsj lestbaply I shonld commit an error of memory . I ahaUenlyadd , thatadecreawunaderdt « easaloo and that it wai to be . drawnup . It wai quite eyldent that Plocen traadeaa beat ftom exerHou , ana he toonfeU sick / and lost that warm eathurfasm which antaated him duriBg the first days of thtBsvolBoon . - He has repaatedly told me tinoe , that they took a pleasure in norMogblta to death ; and this is much to ba regretted , for he might have been of eMential service to the c » u « e ef tte revolution . His oplnioas will doubtless again carry him fresh into the lists , but with the conviction that revolution Is only possible with its originators , and that a man can only getion withhiiown fellows . ' fct him mark well that
this advice is dictated by my head ' and by my heart ; Whilst I was looking on at this ' decree . making , Albert joined ma at the window , end-aaid : * Hatters don't go on well , here ; 'I look las if I was onejtoo many . I feel gre » tly locliacd to tender my resignation , ' ' Do nothing of the sort , 'I repiiea , ' ao }««* it t « oecniiry to recom . menoe the Btroggle ; , The peopfe must have in this Government represe'itati ve * seleotedfraai their own body ; be firm , " and oppose yourself energetiotlly to any reactionary measures . The people have paid with their Mood for tbe right of having their own delegates hwe ; they are vletorloa * , yourpow « r is consequently great ; speak In the aameot . tEe people , and you willbo listened W It isra » iot from ' » sease of big own Inferioriyoiai Albert wUhe ' d to retire , but he was hurt by the' airs of superiority ' ' which some of hit colleagues asmmei towards him , who undervalued the intelllgenoe ' and practical common sense ef . eur friend . The lore of talk ruled supreme there , . ' . :. . ¦ ¦ '
• * ¦ ¦ ¦ * ; * . ' , Thus chaos still greva'Jeil In the street and to the council . ' : ' ' '; " • ' ' :. "> .. ; "We shall next giye an ' extract from the archives of the secret pofice . Of course Citizen . Causndiere was curious to learn the ~ names of the villains—the ex-agents ' and instigators ^ -who affecthrg to act with the Kepuhlicans had ' constantly sold- their secrets to the government . He took measures accordingly , as will be seen in the following dramatic account of . . -.: - . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ '¦ - ' A EFT TOKIBEID .
: I had th * chrtitlan and mrname * taken of all who applied to fem In the secret police . ' I found the names and theBU * . words of tWo hundred gents '' b ^ i 6 Bglng to tvery class ' of lodety . from the noble to tnegaUey . slave . All of them strengthened their applioatloni typrofesslog a concern for the public welfare , and boasted of their ' ezcelient station in society , or of some position of a nature , to obtain for thera the public . confidence . I had a list made at . all their names , and it it In safe keeping . By other means I learnt the names of the agents in the ' secret ply of the different ministers , and in some instance I made nse of those men te procure in . formation of wait was going oai In the higher ranks of society ; . In the midst of these ' reports , addressed by di&enne « pies of t&e police , there wu one irbluoinous
folio , the dates of which went back to 1833 .. . More than one thousand informatioua signed TUne , comn »» o « ing from theaffafref May ; revealed every act , great or small , relative to the E ; publlcan party . Ths'infonna-Ucns were exact , crerytiiiag was panes in review—tho « rmy , thepreai , t&o ecretBocieUes , ' The ckaraQttrand hsbHs of the men infsrmed againit were gives with the moit perfidious nicety ' ., the miserable being had not spared his own frienas ; and 1 hoie who readei « a him ' services were the first denounced . 'Hehad ' aueoeeded in iniiauatiog himself into the very heart of Jha secret locletiw , anl a * a . member of tk « eommtttee , hawas ait eottrant of tvsrytbing that took place . A contrlbatof tothaCaiamu andio the BEroiMi , he was in the eeret of aU the tau-uoi . of tha / ooDOjltion ' Dreii . and
he * oia tfc = U « eot « t ««» onr « nender . XudtnlJelanoaae , for wa mutt ' speak of him by name / ne ' ver gained my sympathies . -But I was often thrown in his eompaBy . I even pasted a portion of the days ; of February with him . On the S 3 rJ of Febrdary we , had to decMe . on some oen . tralpomt of insurrection ; the Oirrs St Martin , braecbing out from thenee to ' the diff .-rehtguartfar « where our men were placed , was selected . I rtmembrr will , that la tteeTenlag he propowd toeitrnWUn dor he » d . ^ aarter * on the Piece des OherilGaa dn Oast ; : where we coald h » Te been more easily surrounded and massacred . However , teaveld Westing luspietoa . he a ^ reei' toonfren ' dtBvous , and was to aeet ui there at tha hour app » lnted . Oa the followmg : dsyatnoon I ' repalfedto ' 'the ipot , i ' ecompanUd by Albert . Commindant Talller ,- arid other B *
pubUcani . bntwehadscareely left the ; Hue Grenetatto enter the Ru * St Msrda when , we . ware suddtnty fired upon by a- idetaensaenty ; : aad the man at . ny side fell de * S . Oataralng round 1 peroeived another dstieh ^ mtnt , about en * ' hondied yards off , ' whlch ' al ^ o fired a volley ! The whale quarter was jnirrounuedby th ' eMunl . cJpalQoanJ . Perbelrfny at onoe that ' we hid te « n betrajed , Albeit tndr myself eadsavmaed . to make good oarntreatby th « BaeGftsetai , whtn we sawanother dlviiloaof MoaWp « i . Goariiid jTOdnjto '» ard « Bii . We hardly bad time to ruih . down ' the alley- of the ' Cafe Barrhetti , which we had scarcely ' entered whea We hnrd the batlif ratting ¦ agafnit thedo 3 r , won followed by the blows of tkei-Batkenof < cf the ' musketa of the gnarii . Wa little thons&t then , ettlier : bf ,. n * , that on tha fblWwiag u » j w » aDosId both of , u ba mimbsrs of a nevgovcNmeat . f In half anhpnr the Municipal Guard *
withdrew , and we were eniWed-to join oar frienci . Delahodde dU not make Us p ' ptaraneeat the Carre Bt Mtrtin . '' When MV xvaa . ontbe- ioUowing- « ay to make an offer of his services to me ' at ^ thaPfifeoture ; he said that hakai taktnadttTet « tro »< 5 ,-ana that like bur . selves hai ^ beem prevented fcom ^ reachlDg the appointed spot . He then very eo » Lj . took ' his n }* ee at thadeik o < the ^ ecretary . GtnsralTJnel , " who hadl ; d . ' Thoi I had givea . weleeme to'i xfiherabla'WtMih , who , fortea ye « r » i wasInHhs secret ' p « y ol ' swr enerile * . Kay , ' more , ne waslnapoiWonof eonfldsoce , whlch ^ iwner ar later , would hweeaablsdhhn . toiestroy-all-tracts of his infaaiy , ; Three w four days , after the discovery tof the folio in question , IHtntified the * hand-wjrittog ' of Flerre with ! thatofpelahaidae . * tw « tconTbi 6 ed o ( hI « gofltat ence , when ' what ihouW ' tan-tiB i ; bat ! thef « H «» Jng l « tter beauttfaly ' . •^ J'xJ ,: 'with adurest , date , and ail hiaoatita ,
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'Tf ... ' ?? ?** ln 01 U * * »« MUM . sahtoSL •""" h « V « tad 8 d « loalnto tbe adarci S ^ ° ?' ' « taffil < JeP « lment of the Pas ftU « M «| mtM * of B * « J ««<» ai are electors . . Sluoe til 22 ? " w * Dy of *** " t **'• • « I > are in ctea ! Sft J >* P «»« ain 8 » . iHWhich I boreaprin . of Sri ^' i r thwn h « tte' Wwlate . the importance ofthelr electeral rights , and I doubt not thaCln the CMdngdeoa en ftsjrw hj ntke ^ tbem la £ wnp <> UA maAldato who solicits their vote , and who in evtry S " ' ' ^! of M . It wu my fct ^ tiM , On amriBg . t p ^ i , to tnrn jnonrtts to llteMinrfl . an A
nlnS » J . ' 9 . * "WW ^ r In U PaBs « ; bat , the profits arrlsing ftom . mypenbeMg too small , and my wn resources intuftlslent , I f « l myself under the ne . oenlry ^ of throirl . g up . ajy literary career , or , at any K . tL *?*»* ' * « nly •• eondary occupation . , The dspartaent , ! should prefer , U . lePrefat , inyouradml , nisteation , wwld be that of th » secret police It would suit my oharaoUrandmyaoUvemlni , and the prejudl ^ es against such an occupation hate ne weight with f « V rl m T thal ™* Vdtnha hai its morality , and I do nolthlnk ill of . tbat of wbiob the object Is to emnre the tramjulllity of the coantry , and the citizens at the end and not the means . Like miny young W La' ^ iJ * 1 ? tb !« eam of »» t poUtlwl exalitlon which sosadly Si gnalled tho first ' years of the ; Bevolutfon nffi Zl ' tattodu «« to to Boclaty of the VrtUt acVffimm ,, , Shortly afterwards , I tnttred th » arm , as a volunteer ; I entsred th . 88 th regiment of the line , and I acquired a certain celebrltjbv having Mure .
seated * the theatre of SoU . ous , aplayin which there were political alluiloni , an act whloh my superior , offi . « rs punished very severel y . I was afterwards brought to trial at Lson , but I must protest that the political charges brought against me were wUhont foundatloa . The verdiot of the jury , moreovtr , proved It . The sort of reputation I acquired from the . * two . clroumBtancas plaead mo in connexion with tha prlnolpal leader * of the S , ?« rt « l *^/ JTr" ^ ** ° nM '" PowerfulIn the regiment , and U . Marrast , of tha TiiBUW , tndead « monitra « on , which J . e » . w would shake the whel * army . I left the army In I 835 .. an 4 iM 8 ' ed one «« Wt
jransstuojloguielaw . At this period , I was mad . a member of the Soeitte da Famtilc $ , about which I could give soae ^ faformation if required . I then returaei hsme , and lt was thon tha » lt struck ma that I had too loag allowed myself tobe tke luBtrament ot , men , most of whom were ambiUous , or of disappointed , expec . tatloni , and the ] remainder men who had run wild and wished to induce ; others to follow their exampleaad I foregwwe the principle * of . blood and destfuottbt which once I had the folly to adept . DaUy contact with men of the world , and my own experience , have glace dUripatedmany oftoyyoHhfulliiu 8 l 9 ni 1 and itli be
, cause of this rapid descent from a belief la appearances that I shall be tnabled to shake offfrom tbe employment IsoUcitthose pKjnaices that surrouud it . I must confess , Howleur le Frefet ; that I look to your klnanesB for the success of my application , and . more ipon ay ardent deiire to be of eervico than on the real claims I have to offer . M . Boutmy , who Uwe'l acquainted with me , Hudertopk to present you with a sketch " of my l ife . as also to say a . few words in my . fayaur . I trust that he has done so , and that the details I hare just anb . mltted to you , are already in part known to you . M . Fraosal * Deleisert , to whom I had the honour to write
some time back on the subject of his election , has made Inquiries conaernlng me which I bslieva were not unfavourable , . If you think It advisable , and . win deign w taUethat . trsuWe , it is in his power to give , you the necessary info » matlon . I ' conolude , Monsieurle Fref « t , byasklBg your pardon for having said to much about mytelf , and ! by ' appealing to your klndneis to take my request into , consideration . I have ; the honour to b * with respect , Henaleur le / Frtfet , your very humble and very obedient servant ,:... ... ( Signed ) ; ' . V ,. 'FarU . 25 th March . 18 S 8 . ' '• • '•
' I made Monier acquainted with tha' » ff * ir , Bn old friend of mlns , of twenty years' sUndtogj ' oriwbom I could rely , and whom I afterwards made storsttty ^ ane . ralas a recompense for his intelligence and xeal , He wrote to some of the patriots whoie names figured la tha information ! , to meet him at nlae . o ' olock the following day at the , Luxembourg , and I wrote to Albert , who lent us Wsroom , not knowing for what lt was required . I did not wish Delahedde to be tried at the Prefecture , wtiere the' Hoatagna ' rds would liave tara him to pieew . if they sot wind of what hod occarrcd , ana it would have been said that we murdered him out of a fear ef his disologares . He dined at my t » ble ,, a » did some other secretaries and extra , employe * . He sat opposite to me , and I was constrained to gulp down my
Indignation . I could sot have stood this long , and immedi&tely after dinner I told him we were to meet at Albert ' s rooms to diaouss tome serious business . We left together ^ and . as we walked along he vaunted hl « ability to fill the office of chief secretary . We ' arrived at last at Albert ' * rooms , where I had taken aare to forward all the proof * of his guilt . Including Delabodd « , th « e weresixteenpwroos ' present . The slttiag at ' ohoe b « i came solemnj . ' QrahdmeinU took the . chair , and explained the object of the meeting . Belahodde , sot oelpg aware : ta& »; we had proofs ; commenced by ti . min&ing ui of hii ^ epasllcaa principles / or tbe last seventeen years . On bringing forward some of his
reports &e still deniad his guilt , and demanded that his handwriting sheuld he prored . Tbe exasperation of ' all present having reached a climax , they thundered forth proof after preof agaiait him , and read the original letter given above : Tke accused then confessed his guilt , ana declared tbttia a moment of despair he threw himself intathaanosof thepDiide ; that he made reports , but that he was never widfintpfwimteur . ' at provocatlog agent , and that he could not reproach himself with ths arrestof a single republican , Soma of bis former fr ' ends , prestntatthis dramatic soene , requested him to blow his brains out . i He contented himself . with writing the following letter : — -
" I declare that all the reforts signed Pierre were written by me . ' . L , Bilhodbb . * ' " 'PariB , - thta ^ hMarcB , 1848 . " ¦ ' 'A proceg . veri > aof th 6 meeting was mafle on the ipot , and signed by G , Grandmesnll , Tiphanei Monier , Boguet Pila « e , Lichalller , Bergeron , Louchhetj Albert , Calllaud , Ch . EOuvenat ; Herder , Caussidiere , and — Cbtnu . The signature of the latter was scarcely legible . , Dolahodde was immediattly taken to the ; Prefecture ,- a . nd from thence lopke'd up at th ' eCanciergerie in solitary cenfiaement ; for having , after the 2 ith of Fobraary , kept tip a correspsndence with the agents of tha fallen government . A fcw dayaafcer Xlef : the Prefecture , he was set at liberty by ta orionnanceottton liftt . ' , H « at osce left for London , nhero be attacks the fyBublio and theltepnb . licansm aUttle journal . ' , . . Here is an account of the manner in which the Provisional Government responded to the popular demand for the ..
- OSGASHAriOW or IiBO 0 B . The , people were not satisfied rtlth a simple deolarstion of the rights of labour , but desired so lee'lt put Into practice immediattly . The different ' trades , with banners bearing for a device . ' iE ^ aHfe , aSoJi ( v 3 n d * r « s . pbitalion de Vhommepsr Vhomme . ' ( No living upon other men ' s . labour , ) presented themselves at the Hotel de Tills . -Their delegates , on being admitted , uemasded tbe establishment' of a ministry of labeur , that is to say , a ministry of progress . ' The peeple were waiting bslow , withmasket * in ihelrhands , in acalm hatdetermlned attitade . The council entered upoa the dis-«««( sn at once . MM . ' flaratcr Page * ' and tamartlne apoka with extreme violroce against tbe claims of the workmen , and entrtached themselves behind a general
reserve , seeking to blink the great question at issue . They maintained that the Provisional Government should carefully avoid solving any question whatsoever , ' that it had nether the right , tbeduty , ' nar the power to do anything * ; thateverythlng was to be referred to , the decisions of the National Assembly , and that ( holr functions ought to be restrioVed to the staple aaties ' of a commls « u 7 « t PslLu > . T » n ) a ' itlanR . an the other ' hand ; icon . tended that it was their duty to reform theoldsjstem with the least possible delay , and to establish at once ithe ' . political and soda ! revolution ; that the future Atsembly would act whtn it had met , but that the authority with which they had been invested by the people confered upon them the constituted power j that the revolution was made by and for the working classes , and that their first step should he , to ' proclaim tha abolition of
the proletariat , anito utabVuh the moil Important ministry of the R « publlo— -the UlnUtty of Lifcour . ' He moreover tendered his reslgnattoh if the wishes of the people were not complied with , M . Arago , turning toward * his yenng colleague , addressed him as follows : Who has fulfilled the dutUa of a father towards y . ou ? I eatreat you , in the name of my white hairi , to renounce this idea ef the organisation of labour . Do not separate yourself from theProviBlonalGovernment . Do you wish us all to have our tftroats cm ! ' ¦ Tke people all this time were waiting below ' Stairs for the reply of thetr dictators , M . M . Gander Ftfges : and Marrut bad withdrawn to a corner « f jtt * room , where they , concocted together a aartof evaiive concesilon , which doubtlesa sp ' peared to them of little consequence / ' Instead of amrnittr / , ' said one of them , ' let ni establish a commission of
inquiry , which will examine into the question , and appease the people . ¦ ' A ministry' Implies actioo—a special cbmmls ' llon simply prepares materials for the'future . ' The pMilde ' ccy o ! this comml « l 6 n --ffltiiauf powir , ' abadiet , or any avaUafele . meani—was effdted to LouU Blanc , He stoutly refused it , insisting t&at attention should be paid to tbe demands of the people . - M , Arago repeated his prayer over again , and offered himself at vioo-presldeBt . M . Marrait effcred a palace ; £ ouls Blano still refund ; and tbe people below " grew Impatient , and made the butt-ends of ihelr muskets retdand on tke pavement . Theeth « members interposed ; acd it was finally decided to establish acofflmleslonof workmen , to tit In the Palace of the Luxembourg , with Louis Blaoc for president , and Albert the workman , for vicepresident , ¦ ' ¦
Citizeri CausBidiere was too much of a democrat to suit the National clique ; more than once , therefoie , an attempt was * made to oust him from the Prefecture . On •• ne occasion Gamier Pages came to tbe Prefecture ; aocompanied by Recurt , the latter having a government order to supersede . Caussidiere . But the two tfaiiotiph thought better of it , and retired , leaving foussuiiere undisturbed . In ooanec
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tion with thiB afiair , there it the following ridicuioui anecdote of , . .. ¦ sumihui . . .. ' '¦ •' nvS ^ Gtaaufitti , perarfvlng , what effect his visithad made , and fearing lest the Montagnards shonlQsm « narat , as regardtdhU demwralio Tlgwi , endeaveared to reinstate himself ia itkslr good oplalon , by one of those strange spetchss whtek he alonehM the happy art of makin g . , 'Myson , ' he said to them , « my own ton is a greoer ' a . boy . ln the Buede la T «« erle \ ttfl ion of your mayor a grooMVshop . bos J 11 , : ffe are aU of us workmen ; : my son U a . wprkajaO In the grpp «| Ua » l— ' Hwehestopped short ; whether , that hewisl too much overcome by . tmotlon to continue his speeflb . or whether the smile visible on theconntsaanceV of hla audience warned him tbathe was on . the wrong ; tack , I deaot know . He pstbelvad , however , that iii would be dangerous todismiss moat that moinsnt , and & J oined Recnrtln solicitations to . me to remain in offiM . ^ I con . sented , ' ' ( To he continued in next Saturday ' s Star . )
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u « 2 £ ?* upoa •*• * - ' 'W *•* v of di fcrnS ^*^ ^ *»*«• ¦ >« ««« "d for toe ! helrmor . i ° f MIOr ***** ' nM * « •*• « t ? e SET * ? P ° « "J wdjnlie ^ to which the , ESi ^ asssstejassta SS ^^^ SS itlfnfr % t !> th 6 tt adl ? 6 la"e »»> ave adopted it , S tii " !* ! * rOal f - WUn ' ? 6 TCr combined , by whtoh the Labourer ! may raise « um social and pelltloal
* JS ^! We mB 8 t repeot ln solution , no « cus « for notanUbg themselves of tbe powers thus effcred , Everything thafcould be e « ne to give coafi lence , W in . BareBtabUlty , and todlspenBe } uUloomnhandedhasbeen f T" . ^^ " Orking meniof this empire matt beleft the and of deoWlBg > h 6 ther | they willibeqaeathto posterity a 5 f ^ 'flf . ' dMHttttl « n » and aiweryj ' or * glori . us birthrig ^ ofppllUoal ^ potal , and industrialindepaadence and freedom . . . . ,-A cohlmuation of the series of articles on ' National Literature , ' and a well-written summary of 'ine foreign events of the month , ' constitute the remaining contents of this very superior number of the « Labourer . ' .
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FREE TRADE AND irs SUPPORTERS . . IO . JHB , J 5 DII 0 B OV THE NOBTOBBN SMB . . tf . *' iTjF ! ? » 8 ° I witnessed a monster loaf fffif , ^ - i ?? ? paraded * hmt fcbe » treeta of tUia , city ( Bmt ( Ol ) , aud upon that occasion I heard frequent ejaculations of delight and thaBkagiviug «• cape from tho lips bf creduloua byatanders , who fmagvuedthatthe'good old times' were shortly to becdmewalijed . The principal showman upm that cession , knowing the seoret springs of vulgar human feeling , touoked it in the most Bensititepart-the stomach ! And many famiBhed atomaoha , sir , yearned after that passing mountain of dough , and would have 'gnrea worlds for a mouthful of it ; but ah ! it was not made tobe eaten . !
Man m , a ; strange animal , iii , and yet he is a o ever one ; and , etracger ¦ till , the more eTil he dig . plays the more olerer . he is considered , whilst the moment he . assumeajto betittuons he is looked upon with suBpiwon , and it genewlJy . persecuted without mercy . The evil man graaps all fee can , by foree or fraud , and endeavouw ty > conserve it , heedless of the misery he oreates ~ thevKtuoHB man either seeks to retain his Uflful rights or property , or to te-possesa himself of thsm . and this is his crime , as measured by tna present standard . of goeiety . His weapons of tiefence against aggression , however varied in their nature , are sure , to be objectionable to his op ' pe ' nentt if he uses reawn it is scoffed at and ' oalled folly ; if he declaims he' ia ' called a demsgogde' and it > gagged ; if he alludes to his brawn ? limbs being : waited ! by
hunger , he is told he is . making aUusionw , physical force , and then he it' coerced '; and if he in the least winM under the yoke , or . very . naturally " tries' to east it off his neck ; he meets'the fate of a eorivict . and death and mutilation of bis body is awarded 4 S a punishment for his pretensions : thus is he treated , and , shame to say , the ejceoutione , rs of these atrocities are to be found in the ranks of those who paraded the large loaves , and deludecLthe people with promises of t ^ !?*? . Bwad » High Wages , and . Plenty to do . ' Well , then , the Unites have failed , and Free trade has besome a by-word , to exprws a itatebf national misery ; the large loaf-has never been cat into yet , and thousaads who- were deluded by ; tb . at falie cry arenow numbered . amongat the dead , the viotims of credD ) ity . and .. 8 tsrTati 0 D . The men who thus
deceived the people pretend . to be their friends , and whilst doing so conspire to persecute them to the death ..- Just look at the Janus-faced hypocrite * prouHcing a « four-point Charter , ' and at the same time parading the streets as special constables , and sitting in the jury boxes of the country to convict men for the honest expression of opinion . Foiled upon all hands , defeated by their OVm weapons ,, they wage a war . of . fier . os hatred against every man who is bold enough to expose their chicanery , but chiefly against Mr { O'Connor is their malice concentrated : him , they would exterminate if they dared , but lackme the . power , they lavish their filthy abuie upen the man aad the principles which he advocates . Take themasksffthese Men , and what are they ? Chartists , Radicals , or Philanthromats ? neither one nor
the other , but a sst of profit-mongers on the ono hand , who live upon the labour of the poor , and a few drivelling aristocrats who are too poer to be' classed wilh their more wealthy fraternity , and too rich' to become honest advocates ' of the people , but yet are mean enough , iwhen it boUb their interests , to solicit the-yote anrt . inflaence . of : the , humble inaividuais Whom theyaff * et to aeapise . :, 0 ne of the latter cJata la a Member of Parliament for Bristol ; and he is familiarly called a Radical ! ' , Eue Homo . ' ' A Recall ¦ Why Hume « h'd his Radicals had , as Mf O'Connor says , a four-legged animal to ; ride upon , ' butmtr Radical has only one—and any goose can stand upon ope leg as well as the Hon . F .. H , F . Berkeley . The Ballot , is his leg ( political , &nd he , fancies with this Stamp he can tread noon tin toea of ih ' if . neiehboura
w « n . impunity . Mr Berkeley likens Mr O'Gonaor and Chartism to'' Jack Cade arid ruffianism / The Chartist * he denominates as bull doga and filthy wretches ,- and in this strain he lavishes his vituperation and Blander on them—but it must be remembqred that . Mr Berkeley delivered himself of these elegant expressions at a Crown and Anchor ' guiszle and swill ' meeting , and under a 7 we « i !« r degree of exoitement . The' Brisioii Mbroory does not inform ua . whether the hon . gentleman had been' washing , down his green fat' with potations of . jnn&U'beer qr Madeira , or how many bottles of ChainpagDe he had broached —but , judging ; from the length of hisi reported addresB and the BtyJe of his diction , it may be fairly presumed that he had arrived at that happy state in which he felt the cacotihes loqutndi irresistible , and in pity to him I will drat a veil over many ; little political
matters which might 03 very inatructive if written , but would not be quite , 89 edifying . ' Mr Berkeley is simply a rBerkeley ! ' one pf tUe' happy family' of theBMkeleyfl . ' andaa ' auoh we will leave him to his cogitations , and per / zaps wfcen he cools foe mil become wiser . I am re joked ,, air ,, that ' Chartism , u hoj DsadI nor frightened either , and I have hopes tbat ere long the ' wretches' who denounce and persecute its honest defenders , will be compelled to acknowledge its influence , and submit to it as the arbiter of their destiny—a consummation to be obtained-by the exeroise of reason , perseverance , and energy . Let us unite , then , and work together , and let our motto be ftB of old , < , The Charter and . No Surrender ? lam , Sir , in the cause of Might against Right , , .. ' ; . Your most obedient servant , " " ' ¦ .. W . H . Cwioh .
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THE CHA . RTIST ORGANISATION . ¦ ! IO THB IBITOtt OF THE NOHTHEKN BIAB . Sib , —The Tatmouth bianoh . of the NaUonal Chartist Association feel it their duty to return their fiiccere and heartfelt thanks for the ' able , praiseworthy , and energetio manner in wbM'ttie Executive have set about effeoting a new prganisationi and may their labour be crowned with success , is , and shonld be , the response of every good and sterling demeoiat . . Let' the Charter and np surrender' be th 0 watchword , until that document beooracB the law of the land . ; , We , the Chartists of this town , will raise tne standard in this locality , ahd give to you aU ' thefiuouOT . t , in out . nnwfir ' . aYifl we « k in retnrn tna aBsFstance we merit , so that the truihs of politN callibeity may shine forth in dazzling brightness , and drive eur class-made enemies into the ranks of true democracy . . . On bebslf of the Yarmouth Chartists , 0 . W . HABsisoD i Becretaryi
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NiW Ll ? ERATi Biruikobam JoDnKAi . —We understand that a n ^ w Birmingham paper , is ' about to appear under the management of Mr George Dstrison , and other gentlemen of his shade of Liberalism . ' It is to be entitled the : BiRMmeiuM Mkbcdrt . ' Democraoy , ' say . the . editors in their , prewpeotfls , they love ; for a true democraoy they will strive : with NovaliB , they , believe . that' the Christian religion is the root of alldemooraoy : ' with Oarlyle , that demooraov'is inevitable : ' Drintinc . ' savs the latter . ' of
whifch co ^ e « neoeawrily writing , I say often , isi-quivalenttodemoorapy ; invent writing , demooraoyis inevitable . ' We are further told that the AJksoort ' . will advaoate Extemion of the Suffrage to all men of fall age , and the other measures , needed to swore fall representation and pure ekction / We fp « alee '' , that the new paper is not likely to be deep enough iii the colour for our taste ; but we expect to find it ably cbndneted , and we hqpeto see' it super-« deithe rotten Whig Jotirnal , the mere existence of wbloh is a diegraoe to ifacftca / Birmmgham . ¦
. A-Cosstani Lovbr—Anold towsBwaa , reduced iii eircoroBttrtJces , has tefpenily be come a man ; of wealth . In his youthful days he fprmed an attach , meat with a lady , who , owing to ciroiimBtaqocB not within our knowledge , became the-wile of an American emigrant . They prospered in Worldly pursuits , and he many years afterwards died , leaving , her in possesilon of hiflpeoperty . Mean while ourtownsman beoaiae sttoceBsively the hueband of ; Xy o , ladies , both of whom died . The fact of . his being a widower
reaohiDg the cars of his transatlantic first leve , ' she Commissiotfod a friend coming to , England to deliver , him a letter ; stating her ciroumstacccs , ' and expreseing a desire that' he should a third time be ! bound ia the bonds of nsattimoay . The widower replied jtoa letter , and by return of packet received from . ithe widow a checque to ttefrsj the expense of his voyage to America , whither he at ouce departed ; and ; bin sou , now living at Brighton , ' has jmt reeeiyed a letter , it&tiBgTtbit the widower and widow have beo ' ome bitb » iaiuidwife ; - £ n ^ ton fl ^ e . :
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\ VpiriiRB ' s HotrsB . —Voltaire ' s home at Ferney has just been sold . ! Marmont and Sonlt are the only Burvivow of Napoleon ' rmmhalj . - . •• ¦ J The Egyptian government have issued an orderi . forbidding women lo wait at funerals , or to resort to tne bijrial grounds . i 1 ^ . ftrf 0 « - ' * b"rii'l ? n trw & B * pwient in foil 1 bu » m at . Mm Poiter ' a , Lahurnam Lodge , mtitf Wexford . i RoBBBRv .-PatriokJordan , a , Rosoommon oattJe . dealer , was robbed of dG 328 the other dayafter land * ing from England . < . .
Immbnsb Pis . —An innkeeper living near Cock-^• Ju * ? *? ' P ° . B 6 M 8 S a P ig eighteen ; months old , whioh already weighs 8821 b 8 . "Vy . AWhiw . Jao » av / -A milk-white jaokdaw has " lately been seen in the neighbourhood of the Cheddar olifft , in Somersetshire . ¦ , T » Bmkeotj Miba « Cuss .-Daring the pas * " year 800 London balcetahave been reduftei ' to ^ atota ' ef insolvency . ^* v f J ° ? ^ 3 ? P " C- Liverpool Bhipmaster ; has been fined £ 60 for offering a bribe to a oustotohouseof&cer . Aejeci « b 8 s of SpiBii . —Nothing gljow » greafor abjeotneftii &f epirib than a haughty demeaHOB * tawards inferiors .
A BBiaHT LAD .-There is a boy in Salem so brighfc that his mother has to look at him through » piece of smoked gla 8 S .-iftw Torft Pa ^ r . - ¦ Dbmoorwic Woukn . —The ladies ate very busy throughout France in organising' demooratio and social bauquets on their awn account . ' The eminent Sculptor Ludwig voa Sohwanthaler expired ob thel « a instant at Monica , in his 47 tb year . . Enolahd ' s Stbbam op Chabity . —We are told tyr the advertisements that' The Asylum fer DistreHed SewerB is always open . ' The asylum surely must ba the Thames . Thb Chomra , —The coldness of the weather hai delivered Hamburg from oholera . The mortality haa entirely ceased , _ . We begin to love people when " they let u * lo « k into their hearts , and their hearts are worth looking into . . . ¦ •¦• ¦ " .
Muaio .-lf you wohld like a tone or two at dinner tell your wife Bhe u not so haEdsome aa tha lady aorosstheway . % SobsmiukporBoitbb . -A man dowa East hat invented yellow « peetacle » , for making lard look like butter . They are a great expense , if worn while eating . ¦ ThbBanmdft ' SQTjruBABCHT . -Twenty-Bix hunting estflbl shmentf have been given np inth& aoutfi of Ireland , owing to the poverty of their owners ** Wexford Independent : ¦ ¦ IDojuaro a PABis . ~ Thwe duels have recently been fought between memham < vf the V * cm « h \ r «*; n «* i
AsMmbly , arising out of party disputes . One frasty morning last , week seventy larka wera , deattpyedby theelectrio v . ire » on the Whitehavea Junction Railway . ¦ I Akcibkt UBNB—Some workmen , in digging foe gravel , near Colohester , the other day , disoovered , over twenty urns filled with oiuerated bones and earth , and near them a small tomb . . ¦ We (^ fay . N * ws ) could point to one church not many miles from Guildhall , London , in which there are as many as five kothrer » appointed , who preach tp congregations varying in number from five to thirteen .
, Thb SisT 8 ji . ~ Sixty . four Irish eonviots wera sent ov er last week to Portsmouth to be employed at hara labour on theifcreakwater constructing at Portland roads , , Thb Poor RATB .-The poor rate in the parish c £ ? ft ^ 5 ? m i ? iWfln . fixfld ( or * ba ensuing year at £ 9 , 000 . The aueasment Is levied on means and substance , ' ' . Nkcesbart Qwi , mcAii 6 M 8 . > -To write a good hand , wear a good coat , and keep a gwd character , are the three great requiutes for a young man . whQhas his own way to make in the world . EvioiBD TsNANTs ^ In thedi strioli bf Oastle ^ con . " nell , a house belonging to Sir Riohird de * Burgho , from whwh tenants had been previously evicted , wag bumed down on Friday night . - "
In the days of the « good oU Poor Law , ' , there wat ! a not m Windsor workhouse , because the governoe would not allow the female paupers to wear theue jewels . . . , i Railwatb . —Throughout all British America therddo set exist twenty milea of railway—in the United ' States , next door to it , there are some 8 000 , ' ; Thunbuiss ihb Atp ^ . —A continental engineer , Man , has got a machine for tunnelling the Alps . He calculatw on piercing Mont ; C « ni 3 in thrseyeaia —working on both sides . , Nkw'Yobk . —There are said to he annually more diseases of the eye in the city of New York , alone * than are to be found all over Europe . This i * attri > bntable to the cuBiate . . ' ¦ SiNQDLAR Dkatd . —A few dayi ago , a Mm Moody , ' of RamBey . Isleof Man , died of thepricking of her tongue by an eel bone , while at dinner , which caused mortification . -
Flatibrt . —An ezqumte instance of flattery , is related of a maid of honour in France , who , beaag asked by tbe Queen what o ' oloek it wm , answered 1 What your MajeBty pleaBael ' EuioRATiON—The latest American papers nieaticft that , within two days , 6 , 300 European emigcants landed in New York , where so great a number nevej bsfore arrived within ao short a time . Heirs oi Paw , Jones . —The heirs » f Paul Jones , the pirate rover , who died in Paris in W 92 , aw . called upon to present their claim aa aach to 50 , 000 dollars , a grant of the American ' congress , in testimony of their first commodore . . Sooimsa Wiv « . —Scolding is . the pepper of matrimony . The ladies are the pepper boxes . . .
A nttte icoioirijT , now aad then , Is relUaed by . thVtwst of mtn . Beggars mot Choosers . —A beggar boy madeap . plication to a . farmer ' g wife in Scotland for relief , and was refnsed , on the ground that she' had noeopper ; to which the uronin very accommodatingly responded ; ' I tak * siller , mem . ' : ¦ Fiast LovB . —The conversation at Holland Houb 6 turned upon first lova . Tom Moore compared is to a potato , - ' beoavise-it Bhoots from the eyea . ' VOr rather , ' exclaimed Byron , because it becomes tho less hj paring * A couple of Belgian giantB . Vaays the Cincihnah ^ . . f a J 5 w ia the cit 7 f P tie purpose of ex . t-uSPv Thev ar ««» long that it takes two days to exhibit them ; ' V . Souih Shimjos . —The large marine-eneihe building and iron-ship building works of Mr T . D . Marshall % ? % ! £ on S * tnrday . ' The liabilities are above £ 24 . 000 , and it is expeoted the estate will divida 10 i . in the pound .
Awful Sudden Death—On Tuesday we ek last , as a respectable farmer ' s wife , named Prendergast , was atanding in ^ baker ' a shop in Lismore , and in the act of tying up eeme bread , she dropped quite dead , without nttering a werd , or without baviBg previously complained of any illness , , PA 8 SKSOER 9 Railwit LtGGAQB . —It was lateV decided' in the Bath County Court that , by a by-law of the Great ffeitern Railway , allowed by the judge , any passenger ' s toggage mu 8 t be baoked and paid for to entitle him to charge the company with ft « loss . ASmcogur ' s Efiwph .-A sailor engaged in the contraband trade , having been shot by an exciseman , his epitaph was thus written :-' Ilere I lies .
KiltbytheX . I ' ; . CHARGKey ah Amwican JcuoB .-Mr Sheriff , bring them men here ! This is the temple of liberty—the ¦ anotoaw ot justiee-nnd it shall not be nrefaned by the cracking of nuts and the . eating of ginger , bread . The royal banks of Berlin and Breslau have been depositing their reserves of gold and Bilver bullion ia the fortress of Magdeburg where they will be ho greater safety in case of a surprise . The nemo ? all weio made by night trains on the Berlin aad Celoena Railway . . , ¦
M . Gave , - the eminent Frjnoh engineer , announces that he has-ascertained that a number of SBiaUiak blocks , thrown into steam boilers , has the feffeotof »? niR' ?» j y .. pMWntiBg ineruslalion , ' and that if is quite enffioient to renew them about twioe a fortnigat . ¦ . ¦ >• . - It is remarkable that the French ; with ' alLthefe supposed paBsionate love of liberty , never uttera word of complaint agairst their conscriptions svsteni , their police eepionaise , or : their law of paiBporSsJ ! three of the moat grinding engines of tyranny that can be conceived . * -,,. '
^ Rmbkbam FAiR ^ -Rrthkeale fair was held , oa Alo » d « , y weekj bat few beanta exchanged owners , and at low prices . Mr Sullivan bought ten from Mr Keating at £ 15 ; Mr Connolly bought fifteen from Mr P . Keating , and ten frem Mr M . Keating at $ 11 . He had also bought fifty from Mr "Jamefe Shine , at hu large farm near Rathkeale , at £ 18 13 s each . Sheep andhorm were in demand ; good Button could bo bought at fourpenoe per lb . A SvccBStPUL Warkiko . —A oountiy sarueneriwho had threatened thiovijh boys with ' spring cuDB . ' and man . trap » , ' , in vain , at length tried- ! Whoever is found trespassing in this orchard ahalL he spaeiji cated ! ' and was successful . None of- ' the urohina would run the rfek oi learning what it waia to ba !
spacinoated ' Very Good . —Theodore Hook enoe dined with Mr Hatchet . '' iAh , my dear iellow , ' said hishost depreoatmgly , lam 8 oiryto . Bay . ypn will cpi get to-day such ^ adinner as cur friend Tom Moore gaveuB . ' Oertaiiily not , ' replied Hsok , from a Hatchet one oan expect nothing but a chop . ' Ihcbsmb pj , NATioiiAi ExraMDHTjBs > -In twelve years ; during which we have eontinuea to enjoy usinterrupted ' peAcoi the expenditure hag inoroascd nearly £ 10 , 600 , 000 ^ ah iner « a » e of MOOO . 000 ' , havingtaken place in the last thiea years alone ; that tha £ 7 600 , 000 saved tweBty years ago have .-again been ewiillowed rip , with an ae'ditUn of JES . OOO . OOO betide ! -ityorM « r '» 4 h »« w # / or 18 ^ ;; , '
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** £ ***? ™ . ; Edited brFearg ' us 0 ! Cbnhor , o « L "' n ?' cemb " - ^ ndoh : J . Watson ; 3 Queens Head Passage , Paternoster Row . . 'SS lT v En 8 land' is . the title of an excellent article on the condition of the Women ef theWorkmg ClaaBes , The ftUtho ? .. oi theartlcle powerfully exhibits , the wretched condition of women m the manufacturing , districts , . the veritable slavery of dressmakers and other needle workers , and the uniunai y treatment of those domestic ' serfs - maids of a I work ' . ' From a timely and valuable article on the 'Position and Prospects of the Na ; tional Land Company , " we quote , the followinn account of the . : ¦ t : ' P ¦ ' ¦ /***? ' }* »¦ " » MtKoiPw ';• •;
_ . : The principle of the , ^ aUo . al I ^ nd CompW yli to purchase land ia the wholesale m » tk « t by ncans of the united capital of the werkipg olsuei , and to K \ i if to them again at cost price in snbh small holding * m m » V b » suited to , their respective waits ana m « arii \ f » have beard much Jn condemnation of this' pltn it U ' a » baen aerided u vlsfonary , impracticable ; and dishonest AU the hungry heundi , of ta » Press have been , put ' on the tr alfand yelped condemnation in chorus . But , ¦ not * withstanding this angry howl , what do we sse ? Why that ,, as in . the case of every sound , principle , other paw tte » are copying it , and , we wUVada , perverting It to anlfishpurposesnever ' contempUud by iu oilglnaWs . Twoill « tra « 0 BB'i » lHprove this . i ' :.-.-. ¦ ;¦; . ! . : : ••• : ¦ :.
; It vrUli 4 » remembtM * th » t last sesiion -a- BUI was Introduoed called "The ?» rmeu' Ettatts ( Ir « l » nd ) Bill . ' Itpsned with comparatively Jlttle oppogl « ott la either home . We . wera ia the . House of Lords when Earl D-vonmovedits second readlHg' and' ' eipiilned ' ltt bbjecti ; "These- Were brtffly ( t 6 tnodrpainkte and legrilse a compiny of ospltaliits to purohMe ttVitit '• wholasals' In Ireland , and then ; to paroshthesei estates < . lnt » ' small baldin g * ofnot less than thirty aores , tobe sold or let upon lease to smaU , capttallits . HU lartshlp diiatud at confllderttlo length upon the imminee Benefits which such a mode of prpoeedlng would confer upon I reland where the eroatloh of saoh a body of small yeomm was ene of the most pressing wants , and « ff « red the only ' way of laying a sound fonndatlon for its future prosperity showed the
He , impossibility of . ifetlaglng capital aad labour to the eultWatloa of the neglected soil of Irtiand « o long . Bs it was looked « j » in ' t mj ) f lwi ta ' . thVhanaVol nejUgeit , * Imp ' rofiaentj > ud"insolvent landlords , and vividly deicrlbed theidvantageiwWoh ' wbuli « ec « sarlly flwfroma wider diffailon of the tense of property among- the -people a » y large . ! lord Beaumont , a orotchelty , but clever poHtlatleconomiit , whose head Is aied with the absurdities of Rlcardo , Maculloch , and all the ether writers , of nonsense on that aubjebt , immeiU ately after Iprd Devon ' s expqslHon stood up and opposed it in the BtronKest manner ; After > rophes ; ln ^ « U kinds erpowlble and impossible evliiaslikely tOTWu . it from the me «« tire « . . lt were carrUa , h » , conoluded by Stating , that It was merely a wholesale adoption of ths principle of Mr Feargu * O'Connor ' s bubble Land Soh ' tme , and on that heshould
ground , oppose It . HU opposition , howl ever waBinfffectual . The bill passsd both Houses , and received the Royal Benotlon . So that we may gay the legislature and ' government have alreaoy re « ognlied and ssnotloaed the essential prlnolpl » ef the Land Company . It lstruBthat Lord Devon ,, defended hUbUl on the ground , tbat by Uniting the sizo of the farms to thirty aetea the poialble evils orinlnute subdWUton would be avoided ; and that such is the horrw of ' over poBula . tion' in them | nd » bf 'hon . members ' aud ' noble lords !' If any smaller numbers acioshad ' bMn proposed the bill might have eiperienced greater opposition ; Bat tbe ' principle applies equal ly to thne acres as to thirty ; and after a small lOapltalUvhas purchased thirty acres from the Farmers ' . , Estate Society , we see nothing to pre . vent him from afterwards paroelUng' out th « se thirty acres iato as many smaller allotments as he pleases .
Buthere w » b the real difference lwtwcen' MrFeargus O'Conuor ' i bubble Lsind ; Scheiae . ' wdthat of Lord Devon .: The one proposed to giro tha poor man ' allthe benefit of purchasing tbe land in the wholesale , market , tho other to put into the pockets ol the capitalists tbe difference between tha flmeeti and the price at whtoh they sf ( er »» rdB sell the land In the rotail market . This lastisapiaotlcesocempUui y In socordanoe with our present commercial and usutUus system— . based on the principle of buying in 'the chaapest and Belling in the deareat market—that , of cosrse , lt wot , certain on tbat ground clone to secure the support of a legislature ,, in whom the lore of Mammon has eyerpo ' wered all othoi paislons . - • ¦ ' , - . ;• . .,.. - : r .
We obBwved some time slnoo , that at a meeting ef the Secietyin Ireland , Lor « Devon gave a eheerlsg-aoooont oftheprogrcis . of . this movement , and repeated bis anticipations as to th « benefits It would oonfer upon Ireland , ; We find another example , nearer home , of theodoption asd practical application ef tho principle of tho Natlonul Land Company ; The committee of thefilr-Elngham Freehold Lsad Society have just issued their report for the past year . This society is formed for , the purpose Of giving oeunty , votes to IU . member * ,. In the same way as the AntUCorn taw League Wt and By means < , i which they swamped the genuine freiholdera of several counties by an Irruption of voters from distant or neighbouring towns , manufactured exproisly for the purpose . We give from a free trade and polltloal eco . nomy' paper the following abstract of the report for the past year ;— : ! > ., ' ¦ . . • . . ; . ' ...,
' The Central Society at Birmingham now nambcra 991 members , who own 1 . 142 shares , and subscribe no&rlj £ 500 amonth ; They have been ln « ttuoienU > l in forming sis Independent societies , containing 1 , 117 members , 'in tbe neighbouring towns j ' tnat at Coventry , containing 294 members , ' 380 shares ; , Di » dley , 118 members , 139 shares ; Stourbrldge , 110 members , 115 shares ; 'Worcester , 108 members , 140 . shires ; ^ olvwhampton , 412 members , 522 shares ; Stafford , 80 members , 91 shares . Dating the last five months tha Birmingham Society has allotted to its members' 195 lots of toehold land , situated 1 b South ! Staffordshire , These lota cost . £ 3 , 700 , sad were allotted , to thei members at an , average cost of £ 19 ( or each lot , . which will Be repaid In less than five years ,
at Is . ej .-perweek . Tbe committee have now under their pofice the purchase of tiro estateB , one « f whlcbj if ob . tslned , will qualify about 400 members for the northern division of Warwickshire , a number saffiotent to rates the minority of last eleotlon toa majority . The committee state the secret of their sncceesln . tffcctlng cheap purchases for their members to be this : —they buy the land wholesale , and eell it retail at the wholesale ^ prloe , The Antl-Corn' laW teagoe bought tnelr qualifications for members . inMvidmlty , at a price , exolugive of deedn , of from £ ' 50 to £ 70 . Tne difference Is tff < cted by buylDg £ 3 , 000 or £ 4 , 000 worth of land at onoe , getting thereby twice er three , times as much land In proportion for the u \ eney , aB by buying £ 20 worth at a Hms . ' ; The Editor contlnuei : — ' '
• Accordingto the present prqspeot , ' the Central Soolety at Birmingham , standfai ; , as it does , on tae borders of three : couiitle ' ij , wUl , with the aid of the neighbouring towns , be able to secqre three divisions of counties . Trtiai y fur . tu « tance , iuta ( irorcuv druiDgnam ana UO * ventry winning'North Warwick V and < Eatt Worcester ' and' South Stafford' are as easy of attainment . These are the polltloal advantages ; but- « urely in addition to these , the training of so many industtioDimeii la the earnest habit of . saving for so good an object , U In Itielf a result of great importance ' .,, ' . ' ....-.
Now , waving altogether for the . momant , the political question involved In the attempt of Birmingham and Co .. ventry to swamp the county coriitltudnblefl of 'North Warhlck , ' 'Ka « t Worcester , 'ani * South Stanord , ' let usjast notice how tha Political Economists and 7 re « Traders can laud the . principle of ^ tbe NatUaal L&nd Company when It Is made subsirvlenV to their purposes . Perhaps It would be iwpoVelble ' ln a shorter ipaca , or la mor « persplcuouB and forcible terms , to dtfln * . tbat pHn . olple and practically illustrate ita operation atd btnefttsj than In the extract we have just given : — ' The stciet of the suoeess of this society ia making cheap purchases for , its numbers ii this - . —they buy the land whoienle , and lellit retail at . the wholesale price . ' , . The . result U , that the members get their ftllotmsnta ftt £ 10 , whereas th «
AnU-Corn law leairue , which purchased fadMtealty , paid from £ SS to £ 70 , exclusive of dtedii v ; < ; 7 be < dlfference , coatinuwtba amiable ommentator , / Uj ^ ffect « d by buying . £ 3 , 069 or £ 4 , 000 worth-of , land ,, « t once , get ^ ng thereby twice or three tlmei , as much land in pro * portion for the money at . boylcg £ 30 worth ^ at a time , ' ¦ '' < Now , we put It to ' the . wiirklng . ola'SBB ' . of ta |» empire , whether , » fter ihls ' emphatlc adoption of the prinoiple of the ' Natlocal L&nd 'Company by . the l « gUl « tare for the bieneBtof the eapltnUiti , and by the middle olsssa * tit tne purpose sfatill farther eslendlBg . tho political Influence of that . clasB ,. and , making it dnmlnaut alike over peer , and peasant , landlord and labonrei- *« e isk then , whether they are prepared to see this great prln ' clpls
perverted into a new weapon of offence and aggresilon in the hands ol the ruUng classes , and not . sseltasat first intended by'Mr O ' Connor ' ? We have aeen many iQiMtationt established for the benefit of the labouring olassea lapse Into the ! hands ef thosa ' above : them , ) in cont ^ quenca ' . of the epaiby ; n ^ d dlvltton of those for whom they ; were' originally 'framed ; but ' we oan scarcely conceive It : possible that-after ; What has been achieved for / the , Bon » of laduttry by the application ot ; thia pikclple , asd this unreserved . and open adoption of It bj the very class who . were for . merly . loudest in its . eondemna ' tlpn , that It can occur in thia case . The laboutlug clft ' ir must > e « tattt thOH wUo Uto upon ttulr toll , ( eel tfatt at last tu « j hwa ' hit
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bou DECSHBER 9 , 1848 . ^ HE NQRTHEIU % frTAR . . . 3
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 9, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1500/page/3/
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