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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th January 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 4, Untitled Article

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    • Satiftrupfo
    • THE NORTHERN STAR, SATURDAY. JANUARY 6,1848 .
    • ¦JVC MORE MEDICINE ; NO MORE DELIi\ ¦ OATE CHILDREN.—Dy»pepkia (Indigestion) and
    • DO YOU SUFFER TOOTHACHE ?—If so, use BiAXDi'i Rvakzl for filling the decayed spots,
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      Ir regui . 'u-tty of Intestines , the main causes of Bilious , ness , Serroa « ne » s , Iirer Complaints , FUitnlency , Palpitatvoa of tha Heart , Nenmu Hftidaahw , Noiiai iu tna Ho * and Ears , Pains in almott every part of the Body , AstiiTr . a , Gout , Rheumatism , Scrofula , Consumption , Dropsv , Heartburn , Nausea after eating or at gea , low Spirits , ' 3 .-asms , Spleen , &c , effectually iMOVEDirom the system . a 3 also ComtitutioaalDsbiUty , by a permanent rtsturatioa of fee uigeitwefanctiooa to tbeir . jrimtfive Tigmir , without purging , iueoaTenience , pain , or ex . peilPC , D 7 THE REVALBNTA ARABICA FOOD , AdellciousFariBaderiTedfrom an African pl < "jt > * l « - coverod , grown , and imported by DU BAR £ Y AND CO ., 75 , New Bond-street , London . ( Tlie be *; food for chJ-« ren . ? . na Sieonly food whlch-nailk » tli . t mischievous substaut * called Arrowroot-docs not turn acW upon , or distend a weak stomach , and a three-penny meal of which « RTe » four timei iti value im other food ; hence efiectisg aa economy initead ef cauiing an expense . )

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      WELCOME THE FAMILY FRIEND '—Now resdv , price 2 d . ( beautifully printed , and stitched inancativrappgr ) . No . 1 of THE FAMILY FRIEND , to be continued monthly . No . 1 centains—Sew Year ' s Eve—a Tale ; the Electric Lights the Emigrast ' s Danghtat—a Tale ; the Polytechnic Institutisn ; Oar Friend's Library ; the Lover ' s Stratagem ; the Golden Garlaai ; the Pearl of Days ; Remarks on Scar Sight , &o . ; Poetry ; the Banquet of Blood ; the New 5 Tear ; True ri-ecdom ; the Day of Life ; the Philosophy of a Sneezi ; tse Cardinal , the Minister , and the King ' s Physicdro ; Grandfather Whitabrad's Lecture to Little Folk ; a Mar , of Useful Receipts ; Trifles ; Treasures ; the Gardener ' s Friend , the Hoas « wifc ' s Friend , tbe Naturalist ' s Friend « c ; Family Cautions ; Interesting Statistics , Family Pastime ; Questions answered by the Editor , Sec . A < - ; --: cii 2 ien number alone can convey an adequate idea of the cheapness and elegance of this work . London : llouistosand Stoneman , and all Boooksellers .

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      rendering defwtire teeth sound and painless . Price une Skfllingonly , similar to that sold at Two Shillings and SiscpBMe . SoldbvenemiaUeverjaaeie . . . Manf Testimonials .- ' It has given me the use of one sideof my mouth , which luxury I had not enjoyed for about two years . ' -E . J . Macdohald , Belford . Northumberland . It fa the most effective and painless cure for tooth-^^ T ^ ° A ^ S ^ ^ . iV ^ ^ 3 ^*^ I can use them as well as ever 1 did in my life . I have not had the tooth , ache since . ' — Abbaham Ooimhs , North-brook-place , Bradford , Yorkshire . See numerous other testimonial * in various newspapers , every one of which is strictly authentic . If any difficulty in obtaining it occurs Bend One Shilling and a Stamp to J . 'Willis , 4 , BeU'g-ouUding » , Salisbury . aquato , London , and you will eBSure it by return of pest . —Agents wanted .

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      METROPOLITAN COUNTIES and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE , Annuity , low , and Iarest . meat 8 OCIETT . ( Incorporated pursuant to tha 7 th and 8 th Tk ., cap . Ho . ) Temporary Offices , It , KegentittMt , Waterlftt-place , Loadon , TRUSTEES . Bieaard Spooner , Esq ., Spencer Horatio Walpole , M . P . F ' ^ sq ., U . P . Edward Taasittart Neal » , Henry Peter Fuller , Esq . Iso . . DIRECTORS . Robert Chalmers , Esq ., Edward Lomax , Esq ; , St Thurlow-i ^ uare , Bromp- Johu ' s Wood , Ms . Samuel Miller , Esq ., Lin . 8 * mnel Dririr , Esq ., White- cola's Ina . b * ll . Sir Thomas Nawley Reeve , Henry Peter Fuller , Esq ., Richmond . PictadiUy . Edward Tansittart Neale Falk Griffith , Esq ., Esq ., South Audley . street Ironmonger-lane , Cheap- William A . S . Wertoby side , Esq ., Hyde Park-place .

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      Ob the Third Saturday in 1849 ( Januar y 2 iith ) , will fe « published , No . 1 of ' q i HE PLAIN SPEAKER 5 J . To he Continued Weekly—Price 9 nk Pinxt . . Edited by Thomas Cooper , jlulhor of ' Tht PwgnlMj of Suicide . ' The political rights of the whole petple—the fiical and industrial grievances of the classes who produce , whether by the hand or the head—will be the subjects of discussion ; and moral and intelligent means for obtaining the e-ne" and redressing the other , will b * propoiidin Mother English , so that ' HB WHO Zr / M KIT »!> . ' No . 1 will contain a Letter to Richard Cobaen , M . P ., and the Speech which the Queen Slight to delirer . at th * opening of Parliamene . —Beth by the Editox . Published by B . Steill , 3 D , Paternoster-row , and all Bosksellera .

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      WHITTINGTON AND CAT BRANCH OF THE IT LAND " COMPANY—A public meeting of memters will be held on Tveiday next , January 9 th , at eight o ' clock in the evening , to transact matters on local afifcirs , and other important business . The persons are also requested to attend who lure subscribed on account of sharss to establish the daily pLper , when the money will be returned , and the surplus handed orer to the Tictin Committee .

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      TO BE SOLD , a PAID . UP FOUR . ACRE SHARE in the National Land Company . —Price , £ 3 9 s . Apply to S . Belchbo , 16 , Church Street , Kensington ,

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      TO TBE FRIENDS OF FREEDOM AND HUMANITY . F « iow Couktrtmks , —Fidelity to our suied cause and persecuted brethren now suffering in ths common gaol , demands oar united efftrfr , fa order to alleviate their sufferings , and thoia of their . distressed umiliea . We , the committee elected by the Chartists of Manoneater , appeal to all sympathising do mocrata to display a generous response to this call by subscribing aa liberally ai their means will afford . Let it not be aaid that oar friends who have been long strugglinz for the oommon yet jnst rights of all mankind , dull be basely ¦ aerifioei' , together with their families , to the cruel hardships of want and

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      THE VICTIMS . TO TBB EDITOR OF THB HORTHBBK STAR . Sib , —I am unused to the task of writing for the peb ic ere , yet the lamentable condition to which the famiiiec ct " our worthiest champions are reduced , the sxhiusied state of our Victim fund , the feebleness our agitation exhibits , and , above all , tbe apathy— -I had almost * aid ths criminal indifference—evinced by mv country women , constrains me to take up my pea , in the hope that I my succeed in rousing , to B ? me extent , their dormant sympathies . Tbia would geem a forlorn hope , when itis considered that the eloquence of the ablest advocates of Chartism has almost entitely failed in producing saoh results .

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      Death of Lord Acckcakd . —The close of the old jew has been signals : d by the sudden death of a trading member of the Cabinet . The Earl ef Auckland rote on Saturday morning , apparently in good health , at the Grange , in Hampshire , where he was speeding his Christmas holidays with Lord Aibburton . He seemed to te in high health and spirits , and went out to epjoy the amusement of shooting . On a sudden the earl staggered and complained of seyare illness , and before ha ' could be conveyed to Lord Ashbarton ' s residence , he was taken with a tit of apoplexy . The earl continued in tte aarre dangerous condition up to half-past Beven o ' clock on Monday morning , when he expired without having rallied or exhibiting the least consciousness of his

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      Parliament : open quarrel with it : the King erects his standard at Nottingham : Battles of Edgehill and Chalgra ^ e-field and death ef Hampden : battles of Marston Moor and Naseby-neld : the King a prisoner , and preparation for his Trial . 30 th . ( Being the bi-centenary of ¦ King Charles the Martyr , ) Trial and execution of Charles 1 ,: Government by the Council of State ; Cromwell in Ireland ; his victories of Dunbar and Worcester : Protectorate and character of Oliv » Cbomwiix . To commence at sight o ' clock precisely . Admission , Hall 2 d , Gallery 3 d ,

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      Wow Ready , a Hew Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS IBS OHJAUBT EDITION EVBU 51 BL 1 BHED . Price 18 . 63 ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of be Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS . JTJST PUBLISHED , No . 24 ,

      Satiftrupfo

      Satiftrupfo

      Untitled Article

      ( From the Gazette of Tuesday , January 3 . ) BANKRUPTS . Charles Mayer , Mark-lane , city , merchant—Joilah Tibbs , Railway-place , Fenchurch-stieet , nine merchant —Frederick bawueldor , Qieentorough , ; hsy and' itraw fleaier—John Fi zjerald , 39 , Portland-place , and Peadleton , Lancashire , coal merchant—Job Spender , 31 , Berkeley villas , Br xton , builder—James Alexander , 33 , Great Winchester Street , City , Merchant—Henry Edward S : evenE , | Gray 3 . Essex , grocer—James Thweat Bourne , Dilnorn , Staffordshire , eartbenwara deiler—Richard Mttthews , East Reach , white bread baker—Join William AraBrose , Bangor , stationer—George Thomas Arnold , Liverpool , newsagent-Alfred Kinsey Taylor , Ledbury , drae = r—William Okill , Liverpool , sharebroker—James Johnston , St Thomas the Anoatle , Devonshire , tea dealer —Matthew Gaunt Bradford , grocer—Henry Botheriiam , Chest « rficl 3 , plumber .

      ISSOtYBNT PETITIONERS . James Froome , Bath , beerhouse keeper—James Anderson , Xewcastle-upon-Tyne , joiner—William Wilson Bobson , Newcastle-upon Tyne , out of busineis—Jam « s Inncs , Neweastle-upon-Tyne , joiner — Simeon Mead , B esleswade , cabinet maker—William Searden , Bury agent-Thsinai Bolt , Pudsey , joiner—Jonah Bulman , Kewca 6 tle-upon-Tynej carman—Joseph Briggs , Bradford picture frsme maker—James Platt , Bath , brightimith—Francis Hooper , jml , Bath , out of business—Charlotte Heath , Sheerness , hairdresser— John Norman , Devizes hairdresser—John Addisoo , Brid ^ north , jeweller—John Eicb ^ d Evan . , Swansea , licensed TiCtuallW—BlCUHfl Gutins , Bndgnorta , machine maker—Francis Wicks Polglase . Faknottth , grocer-William Swaine , Bradford , beerhouse keeper—James irowartn , Chape ! field , Lancashire , j-juraeysnan butcher—Sdward Ray , Aston Bettcrd , ShroiJiliii'e , farm bailiff .

      The Northern Star, Saturday. January 6,1848 .

      THE NORTHERN STAR , SATURDAY . JANUARY 6 , 1848 .

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      ' BULL WEEK . The week , nay—we believe—the fortnight preceding Christmas , is termed Bull Week by the Sheffield workers . They work double time during that period to enjoy their Christmns leisure more heartily . And what Bull Week before ^ Christmas is to the Sheffielders , the month before the meeting of Parliament is to the Press—their

      BULL WEEK . The Press of both factions is now measuring its strength , canvassing for support , and trying up the materials , with which the approaching battle is to be fought , and in truth no pantomime or raree-show ever furnished a more extensile heterogeneous , and varied a stock . The POPE - the SPECIAL

      ,-CALIFORNIA — NAPLES - AUSTRIA — PRUSSIA — HUNGARY — ITALY — CHARLES ALBERT — IRELANI ) — EMIGRATION — Poor Laws — China—India—the United States—Health of Towns ' BUI M'Grcjjor — Cobdm — Louis Philippe—Navigation Laws — Free Trade — Endowment of Cat / iolic Priests—Godless Colleges—Area of Taxation—Trial ly Jury in . Ireland—Trial by Prejudice in Ungland—Financial Reform — Army , Navy , and ^ Ordnance- ' — ' Expenditure and Retrenchment—Lighter Coats and Knapsackt

      for Soldiers—New Hats for Policemen—Dockyards—Arsenals—Excise and Customs Dutiesand Reduction of the Royal Household—are presented to the eye of the labourer in the great political kaleidescope . John Bull looks , { and squints , and strains his eyes to discover his share of the several proposed alterations ; but , as in the pantomime , with a touch of the manager ' s wand , the object of his admiration vanishes as if by magic , and he discovers that all is a dissolving view .

      Why will not the caterers for the Christmas kolidays futniah via ' with a good pantomime from this extensive stock ? Howbeit . it is but the just licence of the Press . The " Times , " as the organ of the existing Government , is playing its puppets , and the M'Gregor Budget and its notions of Free Trade , against the " Chronicle , " the Cobden Budget and its notions of Free Trade ; but we much : mistake the character of John Bull , if he does not insist upon a more important character than that of Harlequin being assigned to him in the pantomime .

      The Pope , the Devil , and" th 8 Pretenderthat is , Piu 3 IX ., the Czar Nicholas , and Prince Louis Napoleon , constitute the foreign materials of the Press ; while Emigration , Ireland , and Reduction of Taxation furnish the domestic stock-in-trade : but we grievously err , and sadly misunderstand John ' s temperament , if he will allow his representatives to amuse him with such foreign and domestic moonshine . We are quite ready to admit the power and the influence of the Press , and we can now peruse , without laughter ,, the communication from

      " OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT . " The term we implies— and , of course , confer * —diversity , multiplicity , and ubiquity , and , therefore , we can well understand the foreign correspondent of our daily cotemporaries being at , seeing into , and hearing all that passes in the retreat of the Pope , the palace of Charles Albert , and the cloisters of the Q uirinal , at one and the same time . Nor de we now marvel at the fact of

      " OUR PARIS CORRESPONDENT ' taking stock of the toys and baubles sold in every shop in the Palais Royale , and , at the same time , lamenting over the falling off of traffic in the heavier and more expressive articles , being present at the several Cafes , hearing the mutterings of the advanced guard , the Bhouts of the populace , and construing the feelings of the remnant of THE NAPOLEON'S Imperial Guard , at one and

      the same time . These gifted individuals see all , hear all , and understand all ; but , curious to say , each puts that construction upon what he sees , hears , and understands , that will best suit the taste of those for whom he is hired to translate . Hence we find that the " Times" will give its version , and the " Chronicle' will give its version , of the same act , word , or look , and both differing widely as the poles .

      Now , it is not by Parliament but it is b y the Press that this country is governed , and the very same causes which led to the revolution in Vienna are now manifesting themselves in this country and in Ireland . The English Press informed us that it was the rabid and blasphemous matter published by the Jews in Vienna that led to the revolution in that city and it reproached the authors of those publications with ingratitude , inasmuch as the seve ral disabilities under which the JfiWS formerly laboured , were being graduall y removed . So rt jf P / ecisel y with Ireland ; the several disabilities under which the Catholics of that country have so long suffered are nominally re m ove d ,, ^ still the brand ot inf ^

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      • s- ' JL J . M . -J . » * . the ^ adge of conquest remain ; a ? . \ * * j the Austrian Jew so it is with thi ? I ™ h Catholie—the brand of inferiority still remains , the sting is deeply implanted , ascendency » yet perpetuated , and those who feel it wquire" but the opportunity to take satisfaction tor centuries of galling oppression and degradation . And as it . is with the Austrian and the Irish so it is becoming with the-English . The question of religion and race may , in the olden time , have furnished the factions with ample materials for mustering their forces and perpetu-. _

      ating their power ; but those days of bigotry and ignorance have jjassed away , the progress of mind has established a different standard of representative qualification , and now the most imposing bigot cannot rally the lean bodies of starving Protestants to tho cry of •• The Church is in danger , " and , therefore , the several parties have adopted a new " CRY / ' more in accordance with the taste of Jahn Bulli but which will prove as incomplete and unsatisfactory as that of bigotry , which , they have abandoned .

      Every working man in this country should understand that the approaching ^ contest will be between Bussell and patronage , Peel and retrenchment . And we already glean from the new pr ogramme , that Russell is about to marshal the Irish landlords under the specious pretext of giving them a Committee upon the Poor Laws , thus keeping this staff together until their votes shall have ; bee « secured upon his grand financial policy , and of which

      they will be hopelessly ignorant , and for which they care not a farthing , so long as they can relieve themselves from the burden of maintaining their own poor , and so long as they can secure the aid of the military and police in the collection of their rack . rents . Meanwhile , the English working classes must keep their minds steadily and . stedfastly fixed upon the Labour Question , and the application of domestic industry to the soil of the country .

      We have frequently told our readers , that too long a preparation generally destroyed the effect of its object , and that when the mind is prepared , the aooner action follows resolre the better ; and although it is not our intention to recommend any , the slightest , infraction of the law—even with its present narrow limitswe are , nevertheless , determined that while the factions are mustering their forces for the approaching campaign , that the Chartist phalanx shall also exhibit its strength , its unity , and its purpose—and , therefore , on Saturday next we shall propound our defensive system .

      And let the working classes of England rest assured , that it is in their power to secure for themselves the full fruits of their own industry if they are but true to themselves , while they become an easy prey to the enemy so long as they measure their condition by the comparative seale of indifference , the more fortunate , who may happen to receive a pound a-week , despising , contemning , and scoffing at the less fortunate , who may work harder for ten-shillings a-week—while the latter measures his situation by the destitution of the unwilling idler who may be

      consigned to the Bastile . The Whig Cabinet will find itself so perplexed with foreign questions of importance , as to render it impossible to refuse concessions to domestic demands . Prince Louis Napoleon , as we predicted , has already , assumed the Dictatorship , and our contemporaries , who lauded him when they expected to make him a trump card , now talk of the vanity and folly of the vain man ; while poor John O'Connell is obliged to abandon the scene of his former glory , and accept of a menial situation in the counting * house of the Saxon .

      In the midst of these several foreign and domestic changes—both political and commercial—which have taken place , and notwith . standing the several new 'CRIES' and mottoes that have been invented and adopted by the several classes , it should be some consolation to our readers that , in this , the first number for the present year , we adhere to our old principles , both social and political , which are , THE LAND AND THE CHARTER : while

      we derive no little satisfaction from the fact , that all other countries inEurope are now beginning to adopt our social and political creed . And , in the beginning of the year 1849 , we tell our readers that we would not give a single straw for any change that Government may make , until the labourer ' canfeelecfc the representative of his own interest ; and that bo largely and intricately commercial has this country beeome , that there is no possible field for the exercise of free labour but the Land .

      The New Poor Law has made it impossible for the industrious cottager—now without the raw material—to compete with the speculating capitalist , and , therefore , every surplus labourer disinherited hy machinery must be located upon the Land of his birth , ' then the labour market will be regulated by the requiting wages standard ; and the monopolisers , forestalled , and regrators can no longer speculate in human misery , because they can no longer secure a representation of a majority of their order . Therefore , as it was with us in the beginning so it shall be to the end , —our motto shall'be , "THE LAND AND THE , CHARTER . '

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      accidentally brought to lig . ht , he found a scene of excitement and business Ox the most startling character . It had been previously the residence of a very few inhabitant ? , bu - * tne ™ were there then upwards of four thousand men at work , and though the apparatus for washing the gold was of the most crudt and primitive description , the quantity of gold obtained in about three months was very large , 50 , 000 or 60 , 000 dollars' worth being obtained every day ! from three to four pounds sterling being a common price for a dav labourer . The specimens of the gold sent _ .

      to the President of the States have been analysed at the Mint , in Philadelphia , and Mr Paterson the director , reports that it possesses an average fineness of 894 , which is slightly below the standard fineness , that being 900 . It is estimated that there is sufficient ore to employ 100 , 000 persons for generations to come . In the whole district in which it is found , and which—so farfas yet discovered—is about 500 miles long and 250 broad , it is most abundant ; no particular portion seems more productive than another . In the river and on the flat lands the gold dust is found . In the

      high lands it is got in lumps , from the size of a man ' s hand to the size of an ordinary duckshot , all of which is solid , and presents the appear * ance of having been thrown up by a volcanic eruption . The climate is salubrious , so much bo that the hastily-congregated population at Sutter ' s Fort were sleeping under the trees , the all-absorbing gold-finding leaving no time even for the erection of tents , or " shanties . " As a consequence of the neglect of all other pursuits , and the plentifulness of gold , the price of all kinds of provisions , clothing , and other necessaries was enormously high ; and , no doubt , a very large portion of this golden harvest will find its way into the pockets of the

      traders who resort there to supply the wants of the gold seekers . The discovery of this region of treasure cannot fail to have a powerful influence upon the industrial and financial position of every nation in the world , and especially upon weat Britain . This 18 the only country in which a gold standard of the currency has been established , and from that circumstance , combined with its immense mercantile transactions , it is probable that a very large proportion of the new gold will find its way here . If so , a revolution of a more important nature than that of France , Austria , Prussia , or Italy will take ' place—a revolution in the exchangeable value of gold .

      We are of those who believe that the Act of 1819 committed an extensive and unjustifiable robbery upon the productive classes , for the benefit of money owners , tax eaters , annuitants , and all persons with fixed incomes . The tendencies of that Act have been more fully developed , and the screw which it puts upon industry , tightened by the Act of 1844 , which expressly enacts that , in proportion as gold leaves the country the paper circulation shall diminish , thus cutting off the power of purchasing from both ends at once . The result of the scarcity of gold has been , to give to all

      persons . of fixed incomes at least double the commodities for their money that they would otherwise have procured , or than were procurable by them previous to the Act of 1819 , under an expansive currency . Every attempt to loose the strangling bands of this system of currency from the neck of industry has been stoutly and successfully resisted by Sir R . Peel and his abettors , in the financial policy of which he may be called the founder . They have laid it down as an axiom , that the only real standard of value is gold of a certain weight and fineness , and the infallible mode of preventing fluctuations in that standard is to keep the price of Minted gold at 3 / . 17 s . wid . an ounce , neither more

      nor less . To the facts which showed that gold , like all other commodities , rose and fell in price , according to demand and supplyand the argument based upon these facts , that a thing which fluctuated in its own value , could not , therefore , be an invariable standard , by which to measure everything eke , they have retorted by ingenious theories and puzzling sophistries , which have sufficed to maintain their ascendency . We trust , in the " good time comingj '' that , having had the advantage of their scheme while gold was scarce , they will stand by it when it becomes plentiful . We must keep them to their bargain . The twenty-eight millions of interest , in what is called the National Debt , if paid in gold—when we have double the amount of that metal in

      circulation to what we have now—will only purchase half the wheat , beef , clothes , tea , wine , and other comforts and luxuries they now do . But the fundholdera have had their turn , and they must not grumble when the turn of the producer of wealth comes . The Judges , Bishops , Ministers of State , and Placemen of all kinds , who had their salaries raised under the old system of an . expensive Currency and high prices , but who forgot to have them cut down again when we reverted to a restrictive Gold Currency and low prices , must not complain when the circumstances under which

      their present salaries were granted come round again . It is true , they -will have to pay more for the fruits of honest labour , and , perhaps , be thereby unable to accumulate such immense fortunes as they now do , but then less will be the gain of the whole community . The real wealth of all nations must be augmented in proportion to the increase of the precious metal , so long as that shall continue by common consent to be the Currency of nations . Its own value may fall in consequence

      of its abundance . The possessors of gold may find the value of their hoards diminishing , as cargo after cargo from the new £ 1 Dorado is poured out upon our shores—but \ he producers , the tillers of the soil , the swart and sturdy artisans and labourers in the workshops , will know no diminution of their resources , with markets opening for their labour , and increased remuneration , er , in other words the power of keeping a larger portion of its products for their own use .

      This view of the general tendency of an increase of money , to act as a stimulus to industry , may appear to some of our readers to be fanciful or overstrained . But we believe all experience is in its favour . The money need not be metal coin to produce this effect . Mr Huskisson , . in his speech upon Mr Tierney ' s Currency motion , in 1818 , distinctly asserted that the facility then enjoyed by England of

      extending her paper circulation , had produced the most , beneficial effect , not only upon this country , but also upon all the Continent of Europe , by setting free a large amount of gold for European use , which otherwise would have been required by us . He said— " It was like the effect that had been found to arise from the discovery of the mines of America . for , by increasing the circulating medium over

      ine world , to the amount of forty millions , it proportumably facilitated the means of barter and gave a stimulus to industry . " And ta way of shewing the specific effect of au ' increase of money , he stated that "fromthe £ ? i 65 1754 ' S ? not been one " Enclosure , andthis country imported corn . There were , from 1754 to 1796 , during which time there had been a rapid increase of the circulating medium b y imports from the mines of America , Bills of Enclosure to the number of 3 , 500 , andthis country became an exporting country . "

      We anticipate a similar stimulus to industry from the discovery of the new mines in California ; and it should be the dutv of the leaders of the people , and the people themselves , to see that they reap the full advantage of that discovery . Providence has put in their own reach that which oar legislators denied us , an increase of the commodity which represents wealth ; our means rfpn £ ducing that wealth are almost illimitable-and if things were rationall y arranged , our power Of Consuming should be equSly expansive . But a restricted Currency fetters enterprise and industry . It holds down the industrial energies of a country , inflicts artificial ste-

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      ! rility upon the tfoil / and ' poverty u pon the L L J people . We care little whether the money of a nation be paper or gold , so that it be issued under proper regulations , and ; be Sufficiently abundant for the purposes of production and distribution : But , as the great mass of mankind seem to have made up their minds that £ ol d is the best material to use as a standard , rre are very happy to find that , in future years , that commodity will become more plentiful , Jt will do more to set mills at work , to re-kinu'le the blown out furnaces of your iron works , to restore eheerful activity to now silent works , t ^ nd to promote agricultural improvement , than the great panacea of the Free Traders , which has , indeed , proved "a meckery , a delusion , . and a snare . " - —^^^^^^^ _ -

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      We beg to call the atteJUian of the reader to the following

      STATE OF IRELAND , and from it he will be able ta ^ JJ JV ? * tion between the management of Mr Charles Colthurst , as published in Mr '< 0 'Connor ' s Letter ; and that of those landlords WjJio , from neglect of duty , have allowed the amount necessary for the support of idlers , who might have been profitably . employed , to exceed the whole rental of their estates ; and a very wholesome lesson may also be gathered horn . the frightful catalogue of incendiarism m Ulster , the Protestant , and heretofore mosl tranquil and best satisfied province of Ireland :

      and from these conflagrations , and from the fact that the mortgagee , the Jew-jobber , and griping solicitor have now superseded the landlord , the loyalty of this heretofore magistrate , grand juror , yeomanry captain , loyal Protestant Orangeman , and good subject , will henceforth be measured by a very different standard . His protection being gone , his allegiance will very speedily ooze out of his fin * gers' ends ; whereas , had he faithfully dis . charged his duty , his estate , instead of being unable to pay hiu quota of poor rates , would have been in the same condition as Sir

      Nicholas Colthurst s , as described by Mr Charles Colthurst . And as Irish land has heretofore been cultivated according to the standard of patronage and pride , and not by the science of agriculture , we do not feel any great regret at the serious lesson dear-bought experience haa taught them ; while we do feel sorrow that their recklessness and negligence ha 9 reduced the poor to such an unparalleled state of destitution . However , we shall no doubt be again glutted with the " area of taxation , " individual exertions of honourable members ,

      and their strong desire to do all that lies in their power to support the Government in their loyal and praiseworthy endeavours to make the suppression of rebellion and restoration of peace the precursor to remedial measures . A . 9 Grattan said— " Three million Irish slaves will rivet Britain ' s chains ; " and we ^ much doubt that the number is not now ex ' ceeded , while we learn that , at this inclemen * season of the year , no fewer than ten transports , capable of STOWING AWAY 2 , 500 slaves each , are rapidly securing- their cargo in the Cork river .

      "Altf ! pooroonntry , Almost a / rtid lo kaoir iiielU " Your little leader has fled—your friends are entombed in dungeons or consigned to banishment , while Saxon land is threatened as the scene of future Irish agitation by your absconding chief . eoyvif « ATioir , The Coir EsawmK of Wtdnuday ia ;»— ' Thl » ii tbt only Uttm that can be kpplud to tfat present peri , loas condition of ibe Banirj Woion . IVitirely , » d

      ulttbBt t » sgger » t ( oB , lit property It on the very verge of e » nfi-o * tlon . To el * w off prei «! ng debt * , and strike a rata lofficlent for tha ttpport of iu 9 , 900 panpeii , tht ««« e « tot ifaa neSt twelr « monlhi will e < ju » l , If sot exeaed , tb « « ntlr * valuation of tha noion . ' This ia a obeering proapiok wltb a v « Bgtaooe , Bat it is what night bare been exp ' eotcd In a district trbtrc landlord ! rifntei to g ! ve leaiei , would not allow comproifttioa for im « provementi , declined gWimg employment , and were never in carneit attempting any ultftil or btnavoleiit undertaking . '

      And really , from ibe following statement , duoriptiva oftbectate of tbeunlen , tfaetsrm * coniiicatioik' it not muoJj mUeppiiei };— . . ' . ' Th « re are im tht Bintry workhoaia ot « , 1 . 300 indlvl * du » l »; of theie , tbtra ars of children , 1 . 20 . 0 ; of able , bodied men 389 , and of able-bodied women ^ OO , leaving the clsia of old and infirm at a r » ry Iot ^^ qts Indeed . Batidti theie in the houis , thera ara out-door recipients of onion relief , at I havs , already stated , about 6 , 700 , wbloh will give yon a tatal ef pnoperi in tbe Ban try union , amounting to > , 000 , or tbearenboutB . Tfcii is m frightful am « u&t of ° pauperi « m la a union much imalles than tbat of Sklbbareen , and much lets able to rapport such a man of msndioancy than perkape any ncion 1 b Ireland . By oontraittng the raluatloB of the Bantry

      union with tbat of Skibbemn , ani tba present amount of paoperfl relieved in each , yon will Instantly perotive thtt , bid at it tht condition oi the latter , tbat of Bantrj is worse . The valuation of tkt Sklbbereen union is £ 81 , P 09 , that of Bantry is but £ 37 , 006 ; the number of paupers in the . former is sotatthtog or » r 12 600 , wkilst that of the tatter is 9 , 000 . Here , then , in Bantry you bare paupers equal to tbree . fourths of those in Skibbereen , whilst the properly taxed for their support is valued at but little more thin one-tbird . You can from this form an opinion of tbe burden tbe ratepayers of the Bantry JJnion will have to bear in the onsuinff year ; and , before 1 proceed to show you how very badly prepared the landholder ! of tbat district ara to Meet the fearful amount of taxation likely to be levied on them , I will first refer to th » present state of the finances of the

      on . ¦ Perhaps , in Ireland , there Is not a union , not excepting that of Westport , whose finances are in a more de * ranged ' condltion tban thoie of BaDtry . It is difficult to MCerta ' in the exact amount of debt incurred and due by this union ; but when I put it down at £ lf , 000 , 1 am confident , frem all I could learn , that I am under the figure . ? treat deal « f this i § said to be owing to the bad management af the old board , who were principally landed proprietors , and as such , were anxious te save tueir own pockets by striking small and iuiufficient rates . I am able to state , on tbe best authority , that there are due by the Bantry guardiam , of actual pressing debts , and for the greater portion of which decrees have been obtained against them , about £ 7 , 009 , to meet which there remains nncollected of tbe last rate struck a sum of £ l , 5 oe or £ 1 , 690 , whilst their weekly expenditure exceeds £ 300 , with a very strong probability of its increasing ere lonir to * tso . "

      ' I will sow endeavour to show you as accurately ts I an the amount of rate which it will be necessary (• raise off the property « fth « Bantry Union for tkenext iwelre months . Tht poor-rate for the past year amounted ; to £ H , 20 !* , to raise which , on a valaation of j £ 37 . * 09 , irewld reqaire a rate of something ovar 6 » 6 d in tbe pond . But ai I hm before me , in a more aeeurate laW » , the cost of the 8 klbb « r « eB Cnfon for the past year , and the rata feting then a geaeral union one , and not stmk on tbt electoral division rately , as In Bantry . it will be , I think , more simple if , hy Inquiring Into the ex . peases of that union I can give you anything like an accarate idea of what tkose of Baatry will h » . I will reckon the Skibbereen Union pauptri for the put year at lt « present nunber of 12 , 0 tto , aat ta 1 c « tht expinstsfor that period as sufficient to support even tht present ia . ereased number efpersoas dependent there on the poor I "' * ?" te »» nc _ . - i !' " Poor-rate for the last year ounted the Skibbersen nion

      am . In U , ta orer # 30 , 009 - / ou will keep in mind that , though it was necessary to strike this amount of rate , the number of paupers was not at all so great as that from whieh I draw ray d * . dttotioBt . If , ta « n , for the support of 12 , 000 pawpers it ia ¦ ecessary to strike a rat * amounting to jffSo . , it ia very tvideat that tht aup . ort of 9 , « C 0 ia Uw same proper . pSJ " * i ^ \ « * / 8 M ' ? ' th « Tltht Rent Charge amd Ceunty Cess increased the taxation of tha 8 k . bb 9 r . en Union to £ 47 . 0 C 0 j the iacrtast , you willptrctiyvbtine about £ i 7 , 0 Q 0 . Th « Taxation « f the Bantry Sw \ S ? btin »_ 80 ° je « ilDg more than one-third of that of Bkibbtrten , I think I shall net b « over the figure when I P ? wn * ° »« t « e » in thl » union at « , 00 i > , which , aa < tea to tht above poor-rate , will amount to £ 28 , 5 i > 8 , to which add tht £ 7 , 000 amount © f actual pressing claims on tht ualtn , and you will have a total of £ 35 , 508 , yen nearly the amount of the value of the property of the e * . tirt union , * * /

      ' Mow ai to tht condition of tht landlords of the wdoa , and tbe utter impotiisility of their being able tomtit this taxatioa , I will lay btfort you a short statement . Nearly the entire of tht UmiU prtperty sitaatod iu the Bantry Uciea is owaed by some fire «* six large proprietors . With scarce an exesptien , all these proprietor * are . tosatakia tk « rallde « tterms , » 'little mbarrassed just bow . At an nutanot-a friaaiUy mortgagee , as im the cast of Mr R . H . Btcher , is about to foreclese a mortgage held on oat tf the estates of these proprietors , by which out half tht tntirc property will be brought to tha hammer . Another of this class is said to bt n *» « il , and

      a receiver is about to be placed over his ancestral estate . From theta yon nay imo , <»« tht prsesnt petition of th « Otbtrproprietors , whiek , If tht ' truth were kn « w * , 'is perhaps not very much better . Ton cam also anticipate the effect which rates , araoaatiog for tha next year to within a fraction of' twenty shillings ia the pound , ' will produce on thepreieat veryoritleal state ef their finances . The wiseacres who say tbat the prettnt syitem of Poor Law will have ike effeot of changing tin proprietaryof the country will , itis thtught , fikd th « ic apt ! jipstions very nearly correct , ai far M this , union is oontermed .

      JHC « M » n » lSK IK BtSTBB . 1 The Beuast Ch » okicib . f y . Mwday 8 » Tl ,-. » Tf t B 1 V « S ^ . wwatt'rfwiS rretttd , particularly em aceount of the hitherto quiet an « peaceable c haracter » f this ctunty , The niBigi tart l > la « e 8 of akode of fte parties Tihow prSJtrty ha . " ui

      Untitled Article

      A PILL FOR PEEL AND THE USURERS . Among the many memorable events which will cause the year 1848 to stand boldly out in history , not the least astonishing is the discovery of a country , as large aa the -whole of England , which throws into shade the classical stories of the golden sands of Pactolus , and realises the dreams of an El Dorado , or land of gold . A tract of land , at least 500 mileu in length , has been discovered in Upper California , the soil of which

      is saturated with the precious metal , which is also found in lumps among the rocks , sometimes in pieces weighing as much as thirteen pounds . The territory is part of that recently acquired by the United States from Mexico , and the excitement caused by the discovery of its almost incredibly abundant stores of the precious metal , among all classes of our transatlantic neighbours , is unparalleled . The anxiety to be off to the happy valley , where gold may be picked up with as much ease

      almost as pebbles J > y the sea-shore in other places , amounts to a mania . Ships are char * tered for the port of San Francisco by the dozen ; and in the territory itself every other kind of occupation is abandoned . The field and the workshop are alike deserted . The soldiers desert from the garrison , and leave the gevernorjto cook his own meals—the sailors abandon their vessels the moment they reaeh the co » 9 t—in short , all ranks and conditions of men are off ; and away to the " gold diggings . "

      Rumours of the metallic riches of the district have for some time past been rife , both in this country and in the United States ; but it seemed so improbable that a metal , which all past expeiience had shown to exist but sparingly even in the richest mines , was to be found profusely scattered over such a vast extent of country , that few believed it It was said that some parties had analysed the so-called gold , and found it was nothing but a yellow glittering sort of mica of no value , and this seemed so much more like the truth that it was generall y credited .

      There can , however , be no doubt whatever of the fact thai a region has been found , in which gold abounds to an extent never before known . The President of the United States , in his last message , has annexed an official report trom the military commandant of California , which leaves no doubt of the existence of very rich and extensive veins in the mouatarns of the northern part of the Peninsula . Colonel Mason visited San Francisoo on the 20 th of June last , and found the town almost deserted , nearly the whole of its male inhabitants having gone to the * nimes . On arriving at Sutter ' s Fort , where the treaiurei were

      Untitled Article

      A . THE NORTHERN STAR l J ^ " ^^^^^^^ — ¦ ——r-

      ¦Jvc More Medicine ; No More Delii\ ¦ Oate Children.—Dy»Pepkia (Indigestion) And

      ¦ JVC MORE MEDICINE ; NO MORE DELIi \ ¦ OATE CHILDREN . —Dy » pepkia ( Indigestion ) and

      Do You Suffer Toothache ?—If So, Use Biaxdi'i Rvakzl For Filling The Decayed Spots,

      DO YOU SUFFER TOOTHACHE ?—If so , use BiAXDi ' i Rvakzl for filling the decayed spots ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 6, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1504/page/4/