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TO THE CHARTISTS.
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JUtioual fLatiSi comjjjm^
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QUttifitHnMUgewe. /w*..-^..*. tf_ A.«.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Friekds , — rder -will out , " and I keep no secrete , ; d "with your movement You are f the snareB and traps that were set and me during the excitingmonths of April , ind June , last year . I published the if Mr . Powell , -whose SOLEMN lOXyou are now aware of , and I also [ many other such letters from parties > doubt , were urged on by Government 1 vou that the object was to catch the DAT of Chartism , and that the Go-:
nt would cheerfully enter into a com-3 for the release of all other political rs , if they could but snaffle me . I was to many meetings , at which , had I ] d , some hireling would have comprone by an inflammatory and seditious and great was the remorse and anger ; parties at my non-attendance , now , mark the sequel , and observe the ; of credit that is to be attached to the e upon which Chartist prisoners have onvicted . You will learn it from the I
g conversation-which I had -with " iJie rBr-GE 5 ERAL npon the first day of tbia , When he was passing me I said , Mr . Attorney-General , so . you liged to let the cat out of the hag at ioI , when you said that you had not the right man yet . " The Attobxeyai replied , " 2 fo , nor I have not " O'CoioroR Do you think it was Jon , or just , to have prejudiced the Jury , by telling them that most intory and seditious speeches had been jdata Chartist meeting in Liverpool vious night 1 ) K 5 EY-CrEi « RAL , — Well , so there
And it was very wrong that when lie ester Chartists were on their trial , at ool , that that town should have been tie scene of seditions agitation . O'Coskor . !—Do you call it sedition a meeting , that if the Government was arrow the limits of the law as to compel walk edgeways , I would do so rather ut myself hi the power of the Govern-Was it wrong to expose the folly of al force ? Was it wrong to tell the that their class had never derived any , from a physical revolution ? obxey-Gexerai WelL I HAD A
) RT OF THE SPEECH GIVEN TO LNT ) THE REPORTER GIVES A p DIFFERENT VERSION . O'Coxxos . —Well , then , does not that e prove the unfair and equivocal eviupon which the Chartists have been ted ? And do you think that you can de me , that if yon had even such a 1 of accusation , that you would not have our hand npon the man you wanted to
DBXEY-Genebal . —You may be sure I » t indict you tmtil I can make sure of id have you fast . O'Connor . —Pooh ! I know that well ; heat two of your predecessors before , Fever you try me , ' : I will beat you too . j my friends , could I furnish you with iger proof ; and from better authority , of t , that the Government , without any ty , can procure good and sufficient evito convict any one charged with the ) f Chartism ? And , if the conversation leArroHNEr-GEXERAL is not proof of
ct , it must prove one of two thingsthat the Reporter did not give sncha . of my speech , or , if he did give that i , that file Attorney-General did not it—because it will not require much l of imagination to convince you , that , id rely npon the accuracy of his Rehe would only have been too happy to : anght me . However , I have escaped dintentions ^ -the snares of his Gbvern--the invitations of his spies—and the ommunications of his Reporters—and ension of those mares and traps have
ted me , and I thjnk prudently , from ng many meetings , " ' at which I should , ise , have been a willing visitor . few men can understand the powers the Gagging Bill gives the GoTernwhile all must understand the great y of defending yonraelf against the M evidence of spies , informers , and * s . And I now give public notice , that will attend a public meeting as long Bagging Bill is in force , if I am not tquainted with theresolutionsto be prond with the names of the Chairman
speakers ; for , as I to ^ d you before , I e tongue at liberty is worth thousands gagon . \ wforemenow every prospect ofareitation . I see the judicious means of I that to bear upon the House of Comid , as far as the Metropolis is conr . win give you my spare time towards aotion of that agitation ; but , as I j at duty to my constituents and the ¦ lasses at large , I cannot , dur ing the neglect my Parliamentary duties—I s Session will be arduous—for the
I f attending meetings two and three I niles off . I nstanfly invited to attend meetings I trties , at the greater distance , for the I ' getting up subscriptions for the vic-I le those who invite me are not I t in such cases I am the greatest I 'hey never reflect that I travel at I spense , and that my travelling ex-I one of those meetings would I than double the collection ! Yor I it would cost me Between £ 5 I o go to Bradford and hack—I tatter sum ; and this occurring con-I etherwith the many other demands
I tcket , would very speedily drain it . I at all will see the truth and justice I at ions ; andl further trust , thatthe I ecutive wDl now bestir themselves I direction—that they wffl . get up a I ; and systematic metropolitan agi-I igitation which , if properly con-I 1 kept even within the limits I gging Bill—will not be with-I » ct Agitation has ever been I Hugs and Tories for Church and I es , when fanaticism or patrah $ g | I % and without that ^ rfcation no I t succeeded in obtaining it * ob * I ? , then , foster dagSci&ojJraiSr *
J , legitimate , anT ^ p ^ ationaJ I r the achievemen ^ g ^ jfcopalar rely upon it tMt tj ^ - jfe ^ I r opinion will b | % Js'fla 5 £ B % ppf& I lorance . \ r- . " ' ' ¦ I ciionist party in the House ofi I sresent only their / phims , their I heir hatred ; ihey- 'do not repra ** I i interest , and they support ^ ^ he I i every , the most violen ^ aggmu H rights of the people . \ t 9 ^ I must have some party BL _ fl % I ions , because othei'Hieeyour cftfc-H is inoperative and useless ; . amT
H ire the co-operation of that party H idfastly to the principles of THE H "HAKTER ; but not to oppose H sation of whose principles would tarmofWhiggery . Myagita-H produce practical results ; while H he policy of those who would H resist the policy of those who H old oligarchical power , Is to H k and impotent party . I gain H tation—I lose much ; and the H ikfor , or would accept , isconfiitating , and thanks when I coed I assuredly wttL H reform hi the House of
Com-H representatives of the £ 50 H - « r rather the nominees of that uopart y , while they constitute ,
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if not a majority , at least an overwhelming balance of power in the House . Now I will not go bo far aa sis millions , five millions , or even fourmUlionaof adult males being enfranchised by the PEOPLE'S CHARTER ; but rfl take three millions , then see the result : While three millions of industrious labourers cannotchoose one single representative , a hundred and eight thousand tenants-at-will—mere I serfs of the landlords—can elect all but a j majority ; and , at all events , the . obstructive minorit y and balance of power in that House , Now tee-how differently the law applies to if not a majority , at least an overwhelming
elector and representative : if a representative becomes bankrupt , he mast vacate his seat ; but if three thousand tenants-at-will , who -rote for a representative to-day , should hecome bankrupts , or should be ejected from their farms the day after the election — that representative may sit for seven years after his constituents cease to have a vote . ~ Now } can anything be more absurd , or could there be a greater argument used against Septennial Parliaments ? or can there he a stronger one urged to support the feet—thatthe title of these tenants is regulated hy the political standard ?
I think we are very likely to have a very itormy Session ; the Protectionists , vainly hoping to come into office , and , therefore , anxious to preserve the plums , will stoutly resist all Financial Reform , and with their aid and cooperation the Government will preserve the patronage fund ; and , therefore , it more becomes our duly to agitate for and assist in this warfare ; for , rely upon it , that as long as railway questions and questions of class interest only occupy the consideration of the two contending parties in the House of Commons , no
opposing power but systematic and organised agitation out of doors , can bring them to their senses . They have made , or they intend to make , Lord Clarendon the Gaoler-General of Ireland for six months longer , while , as a tab to the whale , they propose to give the starving Irish a grant of fifty thousand pounds . Now , what do you think ( and do think of it too , ) of seventy thousand pounds for Royal stableB , and fifty thousand pounds for a starving nation ? Why , as landlords , distributors , and officials are sure to have their full share of
this LUCK-PENNY , we must assume that it will be distributed amongst eight millions of people , and then it is not quite three-halfpence a head for each . Now , is not that a cupful of hope ? Is not that magnificent generosity ? Is not that Christian charity ? Nearly four hundred thousand pounds for printing the rubbish of the House of Commons for one session , and-fifty thousand pounds to feed a nation ! Its " POINT" —you know
what " Point" means , or , ifyoudonot , I will tell you : —It means a red-herring tied by the tail and suspended from the rafter of the cabin ; it hangs over the basket of potatoes , if the unfortunate inmates have a basket ; it spins round when they are fortunate enough to have a meal ; and before they bite the potato , they point it at this inexhaustible fish ; and if you ask them what they had for dinner , they will tell you , they had POTATOES AND
POINT . Wen , as I am very fond of some of the . old Irish c , a 6 tonisr ^ tb . ough not exactly of thtit ^ what I recommend is , that thfe magnificent grant of £ 50 , 000 should be taken over to Ireland by the PRIVY PURSE BEARER , and exhibited in torn in every market place in Ireland . But , all levity apart , let me tell youyou , the Chartists of England—that without your co-operation Ireland never can he free ; and , as the late Mr . Grattan observed , "Three million Irish slaves will rivetBritain ' s chains . "
You have more than that number no-w ; your chains are rivetted , but hy a fair and constitut ional exertion upon your part , you can dash your manacles asunder , and throw them in the face of your oppressors . But , if you love them , hug them ; if you wear them when you can throw them off , they are of your own forging ; and my only hope is , that they may be the more tightly rivetted , while I shall ever be ready to give my assistance in relieving you from them . Your faithful Friend , Feargtjs O'Connor .
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v THE KIRKDALE PRISONERS . Brother Democrats , —We are happy to inform you , that hitherto , through your assistance , we have been enabled to supply our friends in Kirkdale with the bare necessaries of life , books , paper , &c , and trust that you will continue to enable us to discharge our duty to them while in bondage . All Money Orders to be sent to Thomas Okmesher , 52 , Bridgewater-street , Deansgate , Manchester , made payable to THOMAS Roberts , Mount-street , Huhne , Manchester . T . Whittakeb , W . Shelmendixe , Henry Ellis , John Smith . T . Fildes , Chairman . T . Roberts , Treasurer . T . Orme , sher , Secretary . Committee Room , Feb . 6 th , 1849 .
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Fellow Countrymen , —A clear and welldefined policy towards other political bodies in the State is as necessary to ensure success as is an acknowledgment of just principles . Impressed with that idea , and convinced by a long and intimate intercourse with you—• strengthened as it has been by the trials , struggles , and confidence of years—that you will give to our suggestions a calm and deliberate attention , we venture to address you at this time .
THE EXECUTIVE TO THE CHARTISTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM . TPTR TCTttriTTTTVT ? . T > n mm ? ntiAi ?
Public opinion is appealed to , and its decision elicited by several political parties , formed avowedly for objects of public utility , and intent on carrying , their measures into effect , through your influence , concentrated and represented in the Houses of Parliament . The policy of those parties constitutes a fan * and legitimate subject of discussion , and we should ill discharge our duty , as the representative head of apolitical association , if we did not address you frankly and unreservedly thereon . First , as regards the new Reform Association , of which Mr . Hume is the leader .
We consider the said movement to be too narrow and limited in its basis , to claim from us an active , energetic , and undivided co-operation . This circumstance we regret , and sincerely desire its rectification , for union and numbers must ever' be necessary to ensure success in the struggle of right , when opposed to privileged and class domination . We , however , regard the movement of Mr . Hume and his friends , for an extension of the . Suffi-age , as a proof of the increasing progress and liberal tendencies of the electoral body—viewed as an
agitation , its inevitable result must be the spread of political knowledge , and the further enlightenment of the mind of British society on the question of the Suffrage . In the event of its success , the widening of the electoral basis will popularise the House of Commons , and , in a degree , increase the control of the electors and non-electors over their representatives ; and must , we conceive , be looked upon by every intelligent Reformer as a step in the right direction towards the fall enfranchisement of the people .
We are , therefore , of opinion , that no obstacle or opposition shovnd , in any way , ~ be raised to retard or prevent its progress and ultimate success . We , however , strongly recommend that , in all cases where the opinions of towns or districts are sought upon the open question of a Reform , in Parliament , thatthe friends of the Charter should attend in their strength , and demonstrate to the world the ascendancy of their principles ; but , incases where the objects of public meetings are to forward other measuresthan au organic change in the House of Commons , to move such document as an amendment would be the
introduct ion of another measure , and a departure from the defined objects of such meetings , ^ & the ' exercise of a power to which iteither minorities nor majorities have any right . " Retrej ? chment and ECONOMY" was the standing cry of the Whigs when out of office ; their pract ice , when in office , unfortunately for the welfare of the nation , whose interests they were sworn to protect , has been the reverse of their former professions . We have oftentimes raised our voices against their extravagant mismanagement of the national resources .
Their career is remarkable for its blunders and difficulties , increasing debts and taxes . Our remonstrances havehitherto been unavail ing ; and our teachings and protestations have even now only reached the ears of the middle and merchant classes at a time when they themselves have suffered severely from a protracted period of national distress , and when personal economy was indispensable to their very existence . It required but little penetration on the part of experienced politicians to foresee that private necessities would reflect their
influence for purposes of public interest ; and we rejoice rather than otherwise , at the commencement of a Financial Reform Movement , having for its object , a reduction of taxation , An over-officered and numerous standing army , a costly and extensive navy , an increasing and burthensome constabulary , in a country that has enjoyed a continued peace with other nations for upwards of thirty yearsseems to us to be unnecessary , and can only be maintained for purposes of foreign conquest . All measures for well-devised reforms and
reductions in the army , navy , and constabulary force , will receive from us co-operation and support . There we desire not to be misunderstood , and pause to explain that we are far from thinking that such reforms , unaccompanied by other and more Radical measures , can materially improve either the social or political condition of the industrious and trading classes of the community . On the contrary , we conceive the evils of society and government to be too deeply rooted , and of too long standing to be effectually remedied by any
scheme of fiscal or financial improvement , We merely regard such movements as favour able signs of the times ; indicative of a rapidly rising public opinion , which it would be impolitic to meet in a spirit of antagonism or opposition . The principles of the People's Charter form the ground-work of our political faith ; for these we will reason , and by these we will stand or fall , as a distinct political body ; and we confidently look to you for encouragement and support . We desire to build up in this , the land of our birth , a strong political
fortress , to be on all occasions the efficient all y of progressive freedom , and the active opponent of retrogressive despotism . On the platform , at the hustings , and through the press , we shall , on all advisable occasions , endeavour to have our opinions fairly represented ; and shall lose no available opportunity to secure the election of candidates attached to the principles we advocate , and of known integrity , to fill local and national offices of trust and responsibility . By steadily adhering to the course we have marked out f or ourselves , in the struggle now going on for national reform , and by urging on all fitting occasions our claims on public
attention , with moderation and energy , respecting , with becoming deference , the opinions of those from whom we may differ on questions of importance , hut ever resolutely contending for hat which seems to us to be just , we cannot seriously doubt , as to the ultimate resul Expediency , favouritism , and interest maj prop up , and for some time sustain an unscr ? - mlous and unjust opposition to rig ht : but the march of society is ever upwards and onwards , and when opposed to such continuous and unerring forces , ignorance and error must yield . 1 knowledge and appreciation of sound pnnci-± 7 ™™ tencv . aid honesty of purpose , can estawisn
Ee consolidate , and lastingly a wise and just arrangement of laws and government ; md therefore it is that we shaU continue , as heretofore , to stand by " The Charter and no Surresdei 1 '
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The Ce . vtrai . Registration asd Election Committee met at Colliver ' s Coffee House , 266 } , Strand , on Monday evening , February 5 th ; Mr . John Milne was called to the chair . Messrs . John Arnott , W . Shute , Howie , and Black were added to the committee . The Secretary , Mr . Grassbv , was instracted to reply toarv application from Hull . Mr . Kydd . on behalf of Mr . W . Brook and others , made application to the committee for some means to help defraying the expenses caused by tho late Chartist nomination for the West Biding . The secretary was instructed to write to Mr . W . Brook for the bill of particulars . The following resolution , on thffmotiwrof Mr . Stallwood , was unanimously That
adopted : — all applications for aid , either m the selmvon of Chartist candidates or pecuniary meawmustbemadeat as early a period , prior to an-eiectioDiii ^ circumstances will pennifc , and all such applications must be addressed to the secretary , SJr . James Grassby , 8 , Ifoah ' s Ark-court , Stangato , Lambeth , London , who is hereby instructed to furnish every information respecting tho registration of electors , together with every needful information connected with election matters . " The committee then adjourned to Monday evening , the 19 th inst , at the Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street , Fitzroy-square . The Executive Committee of the . National Charter Association m « t at their rooms 144
, , High Holborn , on Friday evening , February the 2 nd ; present—Messrs . M'Grath , Clark , Kydd , and Stallwood . Mr . Stallvrood was called to the chair . Some correspondence was read relative to tho Hull election , winch was referred to Mr . M'Grath . A report , which gave much satisfaction , was delivered by Mr . Kydd relative to the late soiree in Johnstreet . The adjourned debate on the question of " The Future Chartist Policy " was then resumed ; the remainder of the address was discussed , clause by clause ; an additional paragraph was moved by Mr . M'Grath , seconded by Mr . Kydd , and adopted
¦ w ith one dissentient ; after which the address , as a whole , was put and adopted unanimously , and will be found in another column . It was resolved , — " That the local members of the Executive Committee be requested to give their opinions and votes on the resolution and address of the ' Future Chartist Policy , ' and that such opinions and votes shall bo returned , addressed to the Secretary ( Mr . Kydd ) , at the Office , 144 , High Holborn , London , on ov before Wednesday , the 14 th instant . " Mr . Clark favo notice that at the next meeting he would ring forward the " Subject and Form of Chartist Petitions . ' The committee then adjourned . Holmfirtr
. —On Thursday evening , Feb . 1 st , a public soiree was held in the Town Hall , for the benefit of the Whig-made victims . Nearly three hundred sat down to tea , after which the public wero admitted . The evening- was spent ill the greatest harmony , and the proceeds , £ l 4 s ., after defraying expenses will be given to the Victim and Defence Fund . Westminster —Mr . Stallwood delivered a lecture —Subject : "Louis Napoleon Bonaparte , and the Extinction of f Pauperism , "—at the Progression Coffee-house , Ryder ' B-court , Leicester-square , on Sunday evening last . Mr . John Arnott in the chair . The lecturer , in his discourse , reviewed Louis JJapoleon ' s " Extinction of Pauperism , " and Louis Blanc ' s " Organisation of Labour , "
recommending the serious consideration of those two pamphlets to every working man . He also discussed the Communism of M . Cabet , and the Socialism of Robert Owen ; and , in his concluding remarks , recommended that petitions should everywhere be got up and presented to the House of Commons in favour of the People ' s Charter and Home Colonies , as beine the surest and most efficient step towards the final " extinction of pauperism , " and the establishment of the political and social rights of all . At the conclusion , a vote of thanks was moved tO tho lecturer , and an announcement made that a lecture would be delivered , oa Sunday evening next , at athalkp 3 ||| e . yeii-o ' clock . Habunc&sn . —The advocates of democratic principles held a soiree and ball , in the Chartist room , High-street , Haslingden , on Saturday evening Last , in honour of the natal day of Thomas Paine , when several talented speakers addressed the meeting . Morfeth . —Arthur Trevelyan . Eso .. of
Wallinffton , has presented the members of the Morpoth Democratic Society with a second valuable collection of literature . Birmingham , Ship Lw . —At a meeting on Sunday evening last , Mr . Brooke in the chair , Mr . O'Connor ' s letter to the Land members was read , which gave general satisfaction . The following resolution was also passed : " That this meeting highly approve of the policy pursued by F . O'Connor , Esq ., in reference to Mr . Cobden ' s Financial Reform Association . " We havo also much pleasure in recording the opinion of William Jacksou , Esq ., M . P ., at a meeting , held in the Music Hall , in Bald-street , Liverpool , on the 29 th ot January , in which he admits , that every working man paying his faii > share of taxes , should enjoy his full political privileges ; at the same time he admits , that the labouring classes are paying 2 s . 6 d . in every 10 s . more than their equitable snare of taxation .
The Democratic Festival in commemoration OF mE French Revolution . —The committee met on Monday night , at Deadman ' s Coffee-House , Clerkenwell-Green . Mr . Fuzzon in the chair . Several delegates _ were present , and a number of tickets of admission distributed . Hand-bills were ordered to be printed ; and , after the transaction of other business , the meeting was adjourned to six o ' clock on Sunday evening next , at Colliver ' s Coffee-House , 262 J , Strand . Locgheorouoh . —Several meetings , have lately been held in this town , at one of which it vras vesolved , " To hold a . tea meeting and ball , on Shrovc-Tuesday , in commemoration of the French Revolution . " MERrnYR Ttdvil . —A subscription was commenced here last Sunday , in aid of the funds for the liberation of Dr . M'Douall .
Fksbuht Lecture Room , Clerkenweli > Green . —Mr . Allnutt in the chair . Mr . Dixon cave a lecture on Sunday evening upon the Queen s Speech , to a crowded audience , which gave great satisfaction . After a vote of thanks to the lecturer , it was moved by Mr . Robert Fuzzcn , seconded by Mr . William Salmon , that "It is tho opinion of this meeting that the part of the Queen's Speech referring to Ireland , deserves the strongest condemnation from all true lovers of liberty . ( Carried ) . Mrs . Theobald , informs us she has lately visited with great success , Heckmondwicke , Huddersfield , Holiofirth , Keighley , Bingley , Sheffield , and Congleton , and that she has formed many female societies during her tour . Leickster . —On Tuesday evening last , Feb . 6 th , Julian Harney , who had been invited to Leicester by the Chartist council , delivered an address on " The
Rights , Duties , and Political Prospects of the Working Classes , in the New Hall , Wellingtonstreet . At 8 o ' clock , the splendid Hall was crowded by an enthusiastic assemblage , and shortly afterwardi < Mr . H . Green was called to the chair . "Base oppressors , leave your slumbers , " was then sung by the entire meeting . The chairman then in a brief address ( which was well received ) introduced Mr . Harney to the meeting , who spoke for nearly two hours amidst the repeated and enthusiastic applause of his audience . Subsequently , the resolution recently proposed by the Executive Committee defining the policy of the Chartist party was unanimously adopted by the meeting ; as was also a resolution of thanks to Julian Harney , and pledging the meeting to reorganise the Charter Association m Leicester . Thanks to the chairman concluded the proceedings .
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™ Iluegai- Marriage . -- illegal marriage , solem- 4 nised some three or four weeks since at the church 1 of a neighbouring town , has createdConsiderable , indignation amongst tho clergy , as yfm asamongS ^ ] the pious ana well disposed inhabitants of the dia- ] triet of Whitechurch Canonicorum . It appears ihat i a farmer , residing a fevr mile 8 from the town « f Ax- < minster , has married his first wife ' s daughter .- The ' ] issue of the first marriage was a daughter , '' that of a the second is already a son . Thus the girl is sister 1 to her mother-in-law , and aunt to her brother . It ; is said that the leading clergymen in the neighbourhood will use all lawful means to effect a separation , r ~ Pmti Gtwmtv ,
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Londox—On Wednesday morning , shortly before three o clock , a fire broke out upon the premises beUmgiMto Mrs . riper , a stationer , in High-street , bnadwoll . The flames began in the front shop , and before their existence uocame known , they had fired the staircase , bo that the several inmates had the greatest difficulty in effecting a safe retreat . Engines were promptly on tho spot , but before they could be cot to work , tho fire had penetrated the party wall , and had ignited the stock-in-trade in Mr . Levy s shop , a tailor , n « xt door . There was an abundant supply of water , and the firemen succeeded m subduing the flames , hut notuntiHhfe Btoct-m-trade belonging toMra . Piper was destroyed , and the building extensively burned . The stock of Mr . Levy is also severely damacrod bv fire and wate *
DESTRUCTIVE FIRES .
MATjfAiR , —At , the tinie th © above disaster Jbroie . but , several of the engines were at , work at a fire which had broken out u » . a large mansion in Curzonstrcet , Mayfair . The building was occupied by a lady named Lewis . The flames commenced in the second floor ,, and wore not discovered until one of the rooms was in a general blaze . The moment the doors wero opened the fire spread both upwards and downwards with great rapidity , so that in the space of a few minutes the whole of the front portion of the building was wrapped in an immense sheet of flame . " When the engines arrivedthe
fur-, ther spread of the flames was prevented , but several hours elapsed before tho firemen could get the mastery over the flames , and not before diliuago to the amount of several thousand pounds was done , Mrs . Lewis having lost the whole of her valuable furniture , and the building is nearly destroyed . Tho premises of Mrs , E . Vincent , No . 2 , and Mr . Angelo , No . 10 , are severely damaged by water , and the furniture by removal , &c . § o . 5 » , opposite , in the tenure of Mr . Magiuio , is much burnt in the front , and tho windows broken . No . 57 , belonging to Mr . Thomas West , is similarly damaged . The origin of the fire cannot be accounted for .
PzcKHAif , SranEr . —On Monday morning shortly before four o ' clock a fire broke out upon the premises of Mr . T . Piper , a bread and biscuit baker , carrying on business at Jfo . 1 , Victoria-row , Pomroy-street , near the Old Kent-road , Peckham . Tho flames when first discovered were raging in the lower part of the building . The constable on duty , after some trouble , succeeded in making the residents sensible of the dangers to which they were exposed . They had scarcely effected their escape when the flames extended up the . staircase , and fired every room in the premises . Several engines were soon on the spot , but unfortunately not a drop of water could be got from tho Kent Water Company ' s Works , whose mains supply the district . The lire thus unrestrained continued to 6 preaxl most fearfully , and before water could be obtained the adjoining house in the tenure of Mr . John Gordon , a
fishmonger , also became ignited . After a lapse of twenty minutes the mains in the neighbourhood yielded an abundance of water , but before the destructive element could be conquered , Mr . Piper ' s premises were destroyed , and tue stock-in-trade , with furniture and wearing apparel consumed ; tho Adjoining property of Mr . Gordon was also partially destroyed . Mr . Braidwood , in his official report returns the damage done as follows : —The premises of Mr . Piper burnt down from the want of waterthe stock-in-trade insured in the West of England Fire-office , and the building insured in tho Sun . Mr . Gordon , ( No . 2 ) , first-floor burned out , roof destroyed , and the rest of the house and its contents damaged by water and removal—uninsured . Mr . Rouse , ( No . 3 ) , painter , roof of premises destroyed by fire , and contents by water and removal—uninsured . -
Fire at Sawtrt , Hunts . —Upwards of 170 persons have been rendered homeless by the destructive five which occurred last week . Out of the twentyseven houses destroyed only half were insured , andthe loss to many of the villagers is completely ruinous . A committee met on Tuesday , when a subscription was commenced on behalf of the sufferers , Amongst the subscribers arc J . M . Heathcote , Esq ., £ 25 ; Rev . G . HeathCOte , £ 20 ; and Mr . Ballard , a gentleman connected with the Great Northern Railway , £ 10 . The ladies of the parish and neighbourhood , under the superintendence of Mrs . Birch , the lady of the vector , have distributed clothing to those in need .
Fire at Newton-heatii . —A Mill Destroyed . — On Wednesday night week a man named John Mils , who lived in a house adjoining the mill of Mr . John Barratt , cotton and worsted cloth manufacturer , at Newton-heath , heard a crackling noise in the mill ; he immediately got upon a loom-shed , and on looking into the mill , he saw that the lower story was on fire , and that the tiames were extending into the loom-shed , which contained about 300 looms . The mill itself is a three story building . Adjoining tho mill is the large loom-shed , about forty yards square . Immediately on the fire being discovered an alarm was given , and a number of theneighbours and of the hands employed in the mill were promptly on the spot , and entered the mill , in order , if possible , to extinguish the fire . Mr . Barratt , iun .. on
the fire being' aiscovered , started on horseback for Manchester , and before cloven o'clock Mr Thomas Rose was at the mill , with the Thames engine and a body of firemen . So rapidly had the fire extended that by this time the mill was entirely gutted ; the roof was off , and the flames were spreading into the loom-shed . Mr . Rose , therefore , turned his attention to this quarter , and by directing the jets from two engines upon the fire , succeeded in saving about three-fourths of the looms in the shed . AH danger of any further progress of the fire was over by half-past twelve , but the engines continued to play upon the burning embers until half-past seven
o clock in the morning . The mill , which was a new one , was insured in the Sun Fire-office for £ 3 , 000 . No insurance , we believe , was effected upon the stock and machinery , and upon these the loss is estimated at about £ 5 , 000 . A great quantity of cotton and worsted warpa and wetts was destroyed in the mill , - and also a quantity of cloth in a fire-proof cellar beneath , the roof of which was broken through by the fall of the burning materials . Witiiam , Essex . —A firo occurred at Witham on Thursday week , upon the premises of Mr . Thorpe , luvendvftpcY , -which was not subdued until damage to the amount of £ 700 had been done .
Fjks . —Four Livrs Lost . —On Friday morning , abont one o ' clock , a fire broke out in the premises of a haberdasher , Lamb-street , Spitalfields , by which calamity four persons lost their lives . When the engines arrived , tbe flames bad msde most rapid progress , . and but a short time elapsed before the entire hous 9 , stock , < bc , were consumed , as well as damage to those houses situated near . By two or half-past , further danger had subsided , when , through tha exertions of the firemen , the bodies were recovered from the ruins—one a girl seven years of age , and two other « adults . Shells were procured , and they were removed for inquest . One of the survivors was compelled to leave' his wife bekind hm . on the stairs , and he narrowly escaped suffoeation from the density of the smoke from the lower part of the house . From the confusion , neith . tr the cause nor the names of the sufferers could be obtained in time for our informant .
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Zctc fob Roons ( j . --Sii \ ouLAR Properties op Xisc—This metal is , in fact , a curious and anomalous mass of contradictory properties . Chemically speaking , it so greedily devours oxygen , that it will strip even iron of it , yet we sec how completely it can protect its own substance from this very tendency to oxidise , and this , too , from its very strength of affinity for oxygen . Chemically speaking , it is so combustible , that it may be made to burn and blaze ; and yet from its practical power to cover itself with a firm though thin shell or crust of stony or glassy oxide , and from the much stronger heat required to melt it , we have no doubt that it will constitute ( though not a fire-proof material like iron or stone ) , a safer covering for roofs than lead at least ; for though where the ordinary inflammables have already originated a conflagration , it will much rather promote than retard the blaze , yet certainly it will protect the wood-work of
j \ \ roofs from sparks , and burning embers , &c , contributed by adjoining conflagrations , both by its butfacial incrustation , and by its solidity in circumstances ¦ where lead would melt and disappear , exposing . the timber beneath to the burning embers . A case of this very kind hug occurred since those rojaarks We in type . We quote from tho Sun newspaper : —; " While the firemen were employed ^» n thi s fire ( at Lmcoln ' s-inn ) , an alarm was given tfiat another had broken out in Chancery-lane , and it was ascertained that some of , the burning flakes had Wfcn wafted by the wind upon the roof of the law chambers ,-. Ko . ' 11 , in the lane , and , having melted , the gut £ er $ , had come in contact with the timber uiiderneatfiiand fired the roof . When the Fire Bri g ade arriTed with their engines , the flames wore ragimj with-such fury that the two roofs at least were in great danger ; of being consumed . "The Cui'Wer . A little boy has died from hydrophobia , at Jesmond , near Newcastle , a month after haying been bitten in tbe am and check fay a tog .
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Tiie following fresh cases were reported to the Board of Health on Saturday : —St . John ' s district Southwark , 1 ; St . Olavc ' s Workhouse , 2 ; White ' chapel , 3 , 1 fatal ; Kensington , 1 ; Wamteworth 1 Blyth , 2 fatal ; North Shields , 1 ; Glasgow , 20 la fatal ; Edinburgh , 1 ; Selkirk , 1 fatal T London , 1 fatal ; Galston ( three days ) , 19 , 10 fatal ; Riecarton , Ayr , 10 , 1 fatal ; Grcenock , 3 fatal ; Boness , 1 ' Millerhill , 7 ; Old Monkland , 8 , 3 fatal ; NewKilpatrick , 3 , 1 fatal . —Total new cases , 90 , 12 deaths .
VV ^ 7 < THE CHOLERA .
On Monday the following fresh cases wero reported to the Board of Health : —Whitcchapcl , 2 ; tstenncv , 1 fatal ; Lambeth , 1 fatal ; Wandswortb-2 fatal " : Carlisle , 2 ; East Itccdham , 17 , i fatal ; Eastry , 2 fatal ; West Ham , 1 ; Gateshoad , G fatal ; Liverpool , 1 fatal ; Glasgow ( tiro days ) ti ^ , ITfatal ; Aberdeen , 1 fatal ; Paisley , ( from 27 th ult . ) 110 , 53 fatal ; Kewtown , Dalkeith , 5 , 1 fatal ; Stirling , 6 , 2 fatal ; Galston , 3 fatal ; Bonhill , C , 2 fatal ; Old Kilpatrick ( since Jan . 17 ) , 3 , 2 fatal ; Riccarton , 5 ; New Monkland , 17 fatal ; C ? reonock , 5 , 2 fatal ; Kirkaldy , 1 fatal ; Tillicoultry , 5 , 3 fatal ; Selkirk , 2 , —Total new cases , 277 ; 121 deaths . On Tuesday the Board of Health received reports of the following fresh cases : —Whiteciiapel , 7 , 1 fatal ; Stepney , 2 , 1 fatal ; Islington , 1 ; Liverpool , 3 , 2 fatal ; Carlislo , 1 ; Stratford ,. West Ham , 2 :
Glasgow , 63 , 21 fatal ; Miller-hill , Dalkeith , 2 , 1 fatal ; Grcenock , 1 fatal ; Edinburgh , 3 , 1 fatal ; Galston , 7 , i fatal ; New Kilpatriek , S . 1 focal ; London , 7 , 3 fatal ; Riccarton , 12 ; Boness , 1 fatal ; Selkirk , 1 ; Stirling , S , 2 fatal ; Man tyre , Lanark , 5 , 2 fatal . Total , 129 new cases , and 41 deaths . On Wednesday , the Board of Health received re- ' ports of the following fresh cases : —AVhitcchapel , 1 ; Hackney , 1 fatal ; ITomerton , 1 fatal ; llowdea "Union Workhouse , 1 ; Oulton Workhouse , 5 ; Car-Mo , 1 ; Edinburgh , 3 , 2 fatal ; Glasgow , 45 , 11 fatal ; Eaglssham , 9 , 6 fatal ; Galston , 23 , 5 fatal ; Biccarton , 8 , 1 fatal ; Stirling , 1 fatal ; St . Quivox , Ayr , 13 , 8 fatal ; Old MotiklauA , 14 , U fatal ; Greenock , 5 , 4 fatal ; Selkirk , 1 ; Lochwinnoch , 1 fatal ; Loudon , 1 fatal . Total , 134 new cases , and 59 deaths .
Epfioact op Preventive Measures ix CirorxRA . —According to a report just furnished to the Board of Health , by Dr . Sutherland , the plan of Tisiting houses has been attended with most satisfactory results in suppressing cholera in Dumfries and Glasgow . On tho 10 th of January there wore only four cases of cholera in Dumfries , while there wore 02 cases of pulmonary diarrhoea , many of which would have probably passed into cholera ' had they been , loft to themselves . This result is quite in accordance witli medical experience over tho whole of Europe . It is more easy to prevent than cure an . attack of cholera . Persons in ordinary life cannot bo made to understand the danger pi allowing a slight attack of diarrhoea to continue ' unchecked ; hence house visitation among the poor is absolutely necessary to prevent tho spreading of the disease . — Medical Gazette .
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ELECTIONS . LeomiN 8 ter . —The election took place on Tuesday , when Mr . Frederick Peel , the son of Sir Robert Peel , was returned without opposition . Cardigan . — The writ arrived hero on Saturday , and on Monday morning bills were posted about tho town signed by the mayor , announcing that tha nomination will take place on Friday the 9 th , and the polling on Saturday . An address , signed by tho Town Clerk of Abcrystwith , John Parry Esq ., Utvs also been issued respecting the list of voters . That gentleman states that lie has had the opinion of Mr . Austin , the eminent Queen ' s counsel , which comfirms the opinion that the Aberyswith voters are not disfranchised . Boliok . — On 'Wednesday , tho nomination of candidates for Uolton took place , the hustings being erected in the market-place . The Tory candidate ,
Thomas Ridgway Bridson , Esq ., came to the hustings at the head of several hundreds of his friends , a few minutes after ten o ' clock ; and was soen forlowed by Sir Joshua Walmsley . Tho show of hands was declared by the Mayor , to be in favour of Sir Joshua Walmsley , when a poll was demanded for Mr . Bridson . Tho poll commenced on Thursday morning , and tho following is tho result : —Wa ' lmsley , 623 ; Bridson , 567 ; majority for Walmsley , 50 . Hull . —The nomination for this borough , took place on Wednesday , when Mr . M . T . Baines , was elected without opposition . Mr . P . M'Grath , of the Executive , had lieen invited to contest the election , and his non-appearance caused considerable dissatisfaction among his friends , who arc desirous of having an explanation as to the cause of his absence .
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The Arctic Expedition , —As some anxiety will na&vuftlly be felt in respect to tbe return of tho Herald , 22 , Captain Kellett , C . B ., to Mazatlan , without any tidings of Sir John Franklin ' s expedition , the following authentic particulars will be read with interest : —13 y his instructions , Captain Kellett was desired to proceed to Behring ' s Straits , there to meet the Plover , and having assisted to secure her in some convenient harbour , to return to tha southward to give information of the spot in which he had left that vessel , it being intended that the Plover should send her boats along the American , coast to communicate with the party which will do scend the Mackenzie River under the command of Sir John Richardson . Owing to calms and a long detention from contrary winds in Norton Sound , it was not till the 1 st of September that the Herald arrived at the appointed rendezvous in Kotzobue Sound . There she remained till the end of tha
month , waiting for the Plover , which vessel not arriving , Captain Kellett again weighed , and repassci the Straits on the 2 nd of October , arriving at Mazatlan on the 24 th of November . By letters received from Callao , it appears that after it tedious passage the Plover , being an excellent sea boat , but a very dull sailer , had only reached that place on the 8 th . of July . It was , therefore , not possible for her to arrive in Behi'ing'a Straits before the departure of tho Herald , and the probability is that she will have to pass the winter at Petropaniski or Sitka , and proceed this spring , on the opening of the ice , to explore the north coast of America with her boats . In tho meantime , the Herald , having refitted , will immedicitely sail for Behring ' s Straits , with provisions and stores for the Plover , which ship will , if necessary , pass the next winter in Kotzcbuc Sound , or some otker convenient spot -which may bo selected for her .
Grim . Con . is High Life . —In allusion to the paragraph bearing the above title , which has lately been in circulation , the Britanniasays ;— " The noblo duke who figures as the defendant , is in the 52 nd year of nis a ^ e , and has of late figured in regard to Ms liabilities , and tho large demands made upon him , in a manner which lias created a painful feeling in his behalf in the public mind , from the princely and royal associations connected with , the defendant becoming the property of the highest bidder . The aggrieved party is a gentleman veil known to tho public by name , from his filling a high and important office in the House of Lords , the office being one of great responsibility , and in cases of precedency and all matters * that affect the peerage ho lias to be applied to , to furnish the necessary information . The alleged offence on the part of the noble dukeis of some time standing , but has only within
the last month or two come to the knoincdn-e of tho injured husband . It is but justice to state , on tho part of the nohlo duke , that lie lias indignantly denied the charge , declaring that the alleged offence never took placo ; and to enable a plea to that effect being put on the record , application was made , to Mr . Justice Erie ; but the learned jud » e being fortified by the decision of the full court in the case of Cook v . Wothcrcll , considered that ho had not the power to comply , by making an order for the plaintiff to give dates and occasions -when the alleged criminal intercourse took place ; and , as the application was not entertained , the case , in its present form , stands for trial . In the legal circles it -was rumoured there existed a doubt as to whether the matter would proceed further ; if it did , it would be entered for trial at the next sitting of Kisi Prius in thp Queen ' s Bench , tho damages being laid , it is said , at the enormous sum of £ 50000 .
, pALipoKMAjf Gold . —Appataixq Murders . —A ship , called tho Amelia , sailed from St . Francisco with gold , to purchase a cargo of silks in China . In crossing the Pacific Ocean , three miscreants of tho crew , during a night-watch , stole upon the mate , murdered and threw him overboard ; after which they successively assassinated the master supercargo , and an English passenger naued Cooke , -whoso wifo was on board . The murderers then divided tho Californian gold amongst themselves and the remaining part of the crew , who it would seem were ignorant of tho whole affair , til ! called upon to receive their share of the plunder . Soon afterwards tho murderers got drunk and fell asleep , when the rest of the crew agreed to kill
them , and to restore the ship to hcv owners . Accordingly , the ship ' s carpenter chopped off the heads of the three murderers with his axe , and their bodies were thrown into the ocean . The shipwas then taken to Honohulae , one of tho Sandwich Islands and given up to the British COnSUl , beiW navwated thither entirely b y a couple of apprentice lads , who alone possessed sufficient skill for the Resignation op Mr . Ballantise , « hs Maois-TRAiB .-This gentleman , one of the oldest stipenf * 7 "Spto ates of the metropolis , having officiated at the Thames Police Court for more than twentyseven years , and who for some time past , has been suffering from ill health , has tendered his rosignation , wliich was accepted iu a complimentary letter from Sir Genren ( ifp . v
The Tootihg Ihvjirt , —At the Centf « QM « p » fei 2 W Court an application was made on Thurso ^ aefl ** ?** to the judges presiding , for a postponeniqjjre ? lw . * S Drouet ' s trial until the next session , tKe p ^^ 6 * a > v .- ' * not having had sufficient time to prejp « pie ^ p ^ £ . ¦ The application ttos granted . f& r&v&fr ,.-. ' . /^ fey ^ &fe
To The Chartists.
TO THE CHARTISTS .
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Birmixgham . — At a meeting of the members of the 111 , Rea-street , branch , on Monday evening , the following resolution was adopted : — " That we respectfully request Mr . O'Connor to reconsider the question touching the expense of the buildings , as we assure Mr . O Connor that wp are actuated by no factious motive , heing onl y desirous for the success of the Company , " [ Not having j-pontefor the address sent with this communicttMn , we havo forwarded it to Mr . O'Connor : Ed . N . S . l
Jutioual Flatisi Comjjjm^
JUtioual fLatiSi comjjjm ^
Quttifithnmugewe. /W*..-^..*. Tf_ A.«.
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. :, «» " Mehthyr TxgnL . —Peverty and destitution prevail to an alarming extent in thjs . % > wn and neighbourhood , on < fe so famous for its innumerable mines and iron-works , and the good -jfageSi of its hardy and industrious inhabitants . Hundreds of ironstone miners—many of Menuath » large familiescan only earn thirty ^ rifiingSif month . About fifteen months ago , their'Wages w § e gjfluced four shillings , and in . some cases six shillinMt in the pound ; and recently a further , reduction hfflBieen made of from two shillings to three shillings jjjfcthe pound . There is nojjgpe of an advance otv §| pes , particularly after reading 3 tc « Coh ( && speech at Manchester , where . he ^ fS ' : " Tj ^ jmvers of this coun - try must -weart as « teap " a ^ a £ chea . pe st in the
world . " We think H&e thai thJJSffistaaust have lookedthrongh a ] Q 9 ^^ eof ^ W * t ^ rade of this kingdom pr omisJripW&avjig foDe " -j » rosper-• « us . Tie yatls-anjL ^ ft g tfM'ar ^ Ttu ' ckffiposted with bills deSewbln ^ ti ^ eauties-cf our awonies , and kuding emigration 6 s the onl y remedrfor nagwial distress . Thdfeanda of destitute able-bodied B-Steien swarm in * ur streets , offering to work for I&pffliisea day , andiflan . vof their half-naked children are to be seen standing at the doors of provisut idtftses waiting for the rQtten -potatoes being throwitaway , which they greeda ? devour on the spot . Many of these poor creatures have been sent f istratesfor stealing
firtrison , by our humaneniag , a Wk turnips . What a blessed constitution we live ^ ider , wMa a prison is considered * happy asylum for the destitute poor ! ' , • MechajiICai , Skill—In the formation of a single locomotive steam-engine theifc are- no fewer than 5 , 416 f ieces to be puttogetheiv and , these require to be as accurately adjustedas the works ofarwatch . JCSCTIOS OFTHB BALTIC AND THE 3 SOKt £ "&EA . The continental advices allude ia a gigauti ^ nroject , in contemplation at the present jjtomentzjrhich , if carried into effect , will have a remarkable influence upon the maritime power of Germany / It is to unite the Baltic and the Xorth Sea between Kiel and
the estuary Of the Elbe . "Without this communication , independent of the ports in the power of the Danes , namely , the Sound and the two Belts , the maritime power of Germany , it is mentioned , will never be what it ought . The execution of this W Qrfc will be entrusted io the Imperial troops , to be collected in large numbers in the Duchies durinff the sprint Kiel is considered as singularly adapted for such a work , affording ^ rady vent to German commerce . % . ' jj Three lives were Mst ob Saturday Ia 3 t near Leicester , by the falling of a quantity of bricks upon some destitute persons who had Bought fihelter duria the pigut beneath tiwffl .
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s V / / s AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
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w . m i » . m . mm tuwu , tmmr io , 1149 . » jaBssu ! " - " -
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 10, 1849, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1509/page/1/
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