On this page
- Departments (2)
- Adverts (19)
-
Text (11)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Co <sovve6#oment&.
-
Untitled Article
-
THE PRTHEKN STAR; SATURDAY, MAY 19, IS49.
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Ad
; . . .. , . , HAT S ! HATSl , HAT S ! .-: •; .- .:. " \^ IP YOU W ^ tXT A REALLY CHEAP AND . FASHIONABLE HAT , / SO TO ECKERSLEY ' S CELEBRATED HAT MART , 25 , CKOTTS-STREET , OPPOSITE THE UPPER GEORGE TSS , HALIFAX ^ OBSERVE THE LARGE GOLDEX HAT OVER THE DOOR . -
Untitled Ad
THE CHEAfEST EDITION ZV 5 B TCBUSHED . Price Is . Cd ., A new and elegant edition , with Sted Plate ef thi AuOior , of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS .
Untitled Ad
Sow Eeady , a Sew Edition of R . O'GOHHOS'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS .
Untitled Ad
THE LABOURER MAGAZINE . Vols . " 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , may still he had , neatly "bound , price 2 s . Od . each Xo . 4 , the Xumber confaimns Mh . O'Cossok ' s Treatise on the ^ Nati onal Land Company ;" So . , tie one containing Mn , O'Cosxob ' s Treatise ** On the National Land and Labour Bank connection with the Land Company : "Hare lately been reprinted , and may be had on application , rrice 6 d . each . . - ¦ Imperfections of the ' labourer Magazine' may still lie lad at the Publishers .
Untitled Ad
In a neat Volume , Price Is . 6 d . "The Evidence taken by the Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into the National Land Company . " This Volume ought to be in the hands of every Member of the Comj-iny , as it strikiugly illustrates the care and economy that have been practised in the management of the Funds of the Company , and proves , beyond contradiction , ihe practicability of the Tlau whidi the Ckraipany was established to carry out _
Untitled Ad
Just pnhKshed , Ko . HI . Price Sixpence , of THE GQHMQNWEALTH . "THE COMMONWEALTII" will he the Hepresentatire ef the Chartists , Socialists , and Trades' Unionists , hi the Monthly Press . ' . . : coxtesis : ' . 1 . What is to be done with Ireland ? 2 . The "Weaver ' s Daughter . 3 . Extinction of Pauperism . 4 . Popular Cause in Europe . 5 . Social Effects of Peasant Proprietorship . 6 . The Hero . 7 . Events of the Month .
Untitled Ad
XSZ 7 OS 7 AS 77 7 TT 2 UC . ATXOirS . Proceedings of . ihe National Convention , « rhich assembled at London in April , 1848 . Thirty two very large atvd solid pages : price only [ Claree - pence . The Trials of the Chartist Prisoners , Jones , Pussell , Williams , Vernon , & Looney . Twenty four very large and fidl pages : price only TJireepence , Sold by J . "Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternosterrow , London ; A- Heywood , Oldliam-street , Manchester ; and Love and Co ., 5 , . Nelson-street , Glasgow . And by all Booksellers in Town aud Country .
Untitled Ad
REGISTER : REGISTER ! REGISTER ! - _ 3 Cbw Pablishetl , and ready for circulation , by the 3 Jatioxal Eleciios axd Registeatios comuiiike , A COMPLETE HA ^ sD BOOK AND GUIDE TO , REGISTKATKEX , compiled irom the Reform Act and other Parliamentaty Papery making the subject of Registration so plain and simple , as to bring it within the capacity of all classes . Published by James TVatson , 3 , Queen ' s Seadpassage , Patei-nostcr-row , loudou , afldseld by all booksellers in the United Eingdom . Price , only Three Pwce . JIayalsobehad of the Secretary , James Geassby , 8 , Jfoah's Ark-court , Stangate , Lambeth .
Untitled Ad
CIURTIST SILK FABRICS . MES SRS . CLARK AND WARREN beg inostre = i > ectfaUy to call the attention of the Democrats of Great Uritahi to the following splendid assortment of Xeck and Pocket JIaudkerchlefe , Dlack Satin Vestyeces , Ladies' Chartist Coloured Satin and Tabby Dresspieces ; also a splendid assortment of Ladies' plain and figured Xeck Ties , which have just come to hand from their manufacturer at ilacclesfield , audit is their intention to forward them ( carriage free ) to all parts of Great Dritain and Ireland at the fuHomug prices : — £ s . tL ladies' Dress-pieces , fourteen yards to the dress , 3 s . peryard .. -- .. -. 220 Gentlemen ' s Extra Strong Black Satin Vesting , per Test .. .. .. .. 010 0 Ditto , Neckerchiefs , lUch Oporto Ducapes , Plam aud i'laicteil .. .. .. .. 6 5 6 Dilto , ditto , Satin Ducapus , l'laided .. 0 5 0 Ditto ,- ditto , Xajwleou Blue ¦ Satin Brussels , Crimson Borders .. .. 0 4 6 Ditto , ditto , Extra Kich Black Satin Turk , Heavy .. .. -. .. 0 4 3 Ditto , ditto , Black Brussels , Plain .. O A O Ditts , ditto . ditto , Tr i-co-
Untitled Ad
TO TAILORS . By approbation of Her 3 trjesty Queen " Victoria and His Royal Highness l'rinee Albert , Xow Iteady , THE LONDON and PARIS SPRING and SC 3 IS 1 ER FASHIONS for 1819 , by Messrs . BEXjFAMIXftEAU and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Blooinsbury-square , London ; and by GEOKGE BBKGEK , Hol . nveU-street , Strand ; a si »! endid PIllXT , daborately-finished , and superbly coloured , the LANDSCAPE , a correct view in the Queen ' s Botanical Gardens , London , ( by special pemus-Eiou , ) tlie most magnificent place in Euroi > c This beautiful picture will be accompanied with the most novel , good fitting , and fashionable Dress , Hiding , Frock , aud Hunting CoatPatterns , both double and single-breasted ; Hussar ' s Youth ' s round Jackets , plain and with skirts ; single and double-breasted Dress , Horning and Evening "W aistcoats ; also the most fashionable and ucwest style Habit Pattern ; every particular part of each pattern fully explained , and an illustration of everytliingrespecting Style and Fashion ; price 10 s . Sold by Read and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bloouis-Imry-smiare , London ; G . Berger , Holywell-street , Strand ; and all Booksellers iu Town and Countrv .
Untitled Ad
FBAJLPTOyS PILL OF HEALTH Price Is . lid . per box . * THIS EXCELLENT FAMILY PILL isarocdiciue of long-tried efficacy for correcting all disorders of the stomach and bowels , the common symptoms of which are costivencss , flatulency , spasms , loss of appetite , siek head-ache , giddiness , sense of fulness after meals , dizziness of the eyes , drowsiness , and pains hi the stomach and bowels : indigestion , producing a torpid state of the liver , ani a consequent inactivit ; of the bowels , causing a disorganisation of every junction of the frame , Avfll , byah " tue perseverance in this most excellent preparation , be effectually removed . Two or three doses will convince the afflicted of its salutary effects . The stomach will speedily regain its strength ; a healthy action of the liver , bowels , and kidneys will rapidly take place ; and instead of listJeesness ,- heat , pain , and Jaundiced appearance , strength , activity , and renewed health will be the ipnck result of taking this medicine according to the directions accompanyin ? each box . " " " ¦¦¦ ¦ "
Untitled Ad
. NEW MONTHLY PUBLICATION . pjUCB THBEEPKSCE . On the 1 st of June , will appears . I , of miE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW 1 Of BBITISn and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , Edited by G . JULIAN HARNBY . At present no Monthly Advocate of Democratic Progress exists in this country . - It is therefore proposed to establish such an organ , at a price which will place it tvithin tlie reach of all sections of the people . ¦¦• ¦¦ .- ¦ ¦ ¦ The Democratic Review will represent , contend for , and chronicle the progress of Democratic Principles at Home and Abroad . - . The Political and SocialEraancipation of the Proletarians of these Islands by the enactment of the principles of the PEOPLE'S . CHARTER , HOME COLONISATION on A yKEE SOIL , and the substitution of CO-OPERATION for Competition hi Manufactures and Commerce , will be strenuously advocated in this Publication . Believing that Men of all Nations are Brethren , the Editor will advocate Justice for the Oppressed , without distinction of Country or Creed . .-: Talented writers iu France and Germany have promised to contribute articles ; and arrangements are in progress for securing the assistance of correspondents iu Italy , Switzerland , America , Ac ., &C .
Untitled Ad
On the 1 st of Jose , thirty-two pages post octavo , in a Colourtd AVrapperj PRICE THREEPENCE . Copies will be printed to pass through , the post , without wrappers , and . ' will be sent on the-receipt of Hve Postage Stamps .
Untitled Ad
Orders , Communications ^ Advertisements , and Books for Review , to be addressed to the Editor , or Publisher , No . 5 , Wine Office-court , Fleet-street , London . 45 r" To etuure delivery at loonaipttblithcd , trdtrs should be given immediately . To be had on order of all Booksellers and Xews Agents in Town and . Country .
Untitled Ad
CIRCULATION—THIRTY-FIVE THOUSAND THE F A M I L Y F R IE N- D , . A . JIOSTHLr PEBIODICAI ., UNRIVALLED IN CHEAPNESS , INTEREST , AND .- ..- USEFULNESS , ; Price Twopence , Thirty-two Pages , beautifully Printed , and stitched in a Wrapper , in neat Magazine form . As soon as the FAMILY FRIEND appeared , it was recognised as something uew in literature . Its superiority to the great mass of cheap publications , became at once apparent —and hence , before the Fourth Number . was issued , the circulation rose to THIRTY-FIVE THOUSAND , and is still rapidly increasing . Upwards of one hundred newspapers reviewed the work inmost favourable terms—all concurring in the opinion , that it is . a publication which " sftould ^ nd its way to every family in the kingdom . " Every . Number contains a Tale , an article upon practical Science , an Historical or Scientific paper , addressed to Young People , by "Aunt Mary , " or by "Grandfather Whitehead , " a mass of Useful Receipts and Prescriptions { this department being edited l > y a Mgmbeb of-the JJedicaii f * norEssioN ); Original Illustrated Designs in Fancy Needlework ( by tlie celebrated Mrs . Wabkes ) ; Instruction and Advice for tlie Gardener , Housewife , Naturalist , &c ., < tc . Various humorous matters , such as Anagrams , Aiithmetical aud otlier Problems , Enigmas , Conundrums , Itebuses , Practical Puzzles , Chess Problems , ic ., 4 c , for Family Pastime .
Untitled Ad
COCK INN , HEAD OF THE SIDE , NEWCASTLE . MARTIN JUDE returns his sincere thanks to those Friends who so kindly supported him by their custom while at the Cock Inn , and begs to apprise them that he has declined tlie business in favour of Mr . Thomas Gmxnek , of Byker , Bar , who has most willingly accorded the same facilities to the Friends of Liberty , Jlef crm , and Progress ,, that they _ iave hitherto , been aUowed at tiiat Establishment , . THOMAS GREENER , ( Late of Byker Bar ) , ¦ Having succeeded M . Jube in his business at tlie Cock Inn , Head of the Side , Newcastle , will be most happy to afford to all those frequenting that Establishment the same opportunities for Meetings , Discussions , &c , they have hitherto had , and on the same terms and conditions ; T . & would also return thanks to those Clubs and Societies who , being already at the Cock Iun , have consented to remain , and he trusts that by close and unremitting attention to the comforts and convenience of his guests he shall have the eontiuuauco of their favours and support T . G ., being a Miner , hopes to have the support of that useful body of men . .
Untitled Ad
CHARTERVILLE . A PUBLIC MEETING WILL BE XJl held to adopt the PETITION TOR THE PJEOPLE'S CHARTER , On Wednesday , tlie 30 th of Mat . Chair to be taken precisely at Two o ' clock . Several popular leaders from London , Snindon , and Oxford will address tlie meeting upon tlie Rights of the People . ¦ •'• - "' Also , A PUBLIC TEA PARTY AND BALL , on the same day , to be held at the School , for tlie benefit of the Victims . Tea at five o ' clock . Tickets for the Tea and Ball , Eightpence ,
Untitled Ad
THE POPULAR REMEDY . PARR'S LIFE PILLS . " Which are acknowleged to be all that is required to conquer Disease and Prolong Life . Parrintrouncea to King Charles I . —( Sec " Life and Times of Thomas Parr , " which may be had gratis of all Agents . ) The extraordinary properties of tliis medicine are thus described by an eminent physician , who says : — "After particular observation of the action of Park ' s Pins , _ I am deterjained , in my opinion , that the following are their true properties : — "First—They increase the strength , whilst most other medicines have a weakening efl ' ect upon the system . Let any one take from three , to four or six pills every twentyfour hours , and , instead of having weakened , the ; will be found to have revived the animal spirits , and to have imparted a lasting strength to the body . " Secondly—In their operation they go direct to the disease . After you hare taken six or twelve pills you will experience then- effect ; the disease upon you will become less and less by every dose you take ; and if you will persevere in regularly taking trom three to six pills everyday , your disease will speedily be entirely removed from the system . _ ; . - _ . after
Untitled Ad
Frost , TYiluaus , > and Jones . —Our friends will be happy to learn that letters hare ' arrived , from Launceston , Yan-Diemen ' s Land , containing intelligence of the safe arrival of Mrs . Jones at that place , and of her happj re-union with her husbana , in the land of his captivity . The letters are from Mr . and Mrs , Jones , and bear date January 10 th , 1849 , and contain their thanks to those friend 3 > ho aided and assisted in futuLshin " the means to convey Mrs .-Jones to her husband . Mr . Jones is fol-
Untitled Article
3 , SWEET acknowledges the receipt of the following sums . for the' Victim Fund , ( sent herewith ) , viz .: —Mr . Wild , : 2 d . ;" ; Mr . Knott , 3 d . ; Mr . Smith fid : ; A Friend , Gd . ;' Mr . ' Kirk / li : For Mrs . M'Douall ( sent to Liver pool ) : —From the ' , ' ColonelHutchinson , " 5 s . ; the " King of the French ; " Is . 2 ja . ' . Mr . H ; Dirar , Wrentham . —At 144 , High ITolborn . ' Mr .. R . BiiukETT , Edinburgh . —It is discontinued . . J . H . Cbooe . —Received . . ' ¦ . ' . ¦ - ' .. ¦; ¦ ¦;¦' .. I received the following letter from Neilston , Scotland , also a Post Office-order for the sum of -X 2 lGs . Our friends will see the amount acknowledged in the proper place . — W . Ridhl " Neilston , Scotland , May 15 . —Sir , —AVill you be kind enough to . insert . the following notice in jour valuable paper , so that oar friends in adVM-sity may know who are , in reality , their friends : —Received from Lawson ' s Printers , Paisley , £ 1 Sg . 9 d . ; Patrick Banks . Slates , 15 s . Cd . ; Galloway ' s , Paisley , 3 s .. 3 d . ; Kerr's Printers , Paisley , 4 s . 3 d . ; Ercleston , Paisley , Is Cd . ; Crossmill Printers . Barrhead . 9 s . 9 d . ' : South Artichoke
Printers , Barrhead , Us . 3 d . ; 'Friends of the Good Cause , US . 3 d . TilO way this money was collected demanded some expenses which will only be understood by the parties subscribing , although it is unnecessary to enter into the details here . For a Gun , lfls . ; a Stuffed Bird and Case , 5 s . ; a copy of Paine ' s Rights of Man , Is . ; Bills , 2 s . ; Room Rent , 3 s . ; the Town Crier , Is . You may expect to receive another sum in the course- . of next week . If otlier parties would take up the gauntlet there might bo a pretty round sum collected . —Youm , respectfully , Robert PAT 81 CK , JASIES GtES , Wm . BucllASNAii GoBMllY . —To Win , Kider , Northern Star Office . R . -P . Hartlepool . —We do not know . ¦ ••¦¦•¦¦'¦ •¦/ J .. Hia , ' Southampton ; and Luke King , Cripplegate . — . Your announcements are advertisements , ' and should .. have been paid for as such . ¦' . - ¦ ¦'¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ , ¦ ¦ . ;¦'¦' ¦ 3 . Ward , Wakefield , recommends the formation of a committee in every town in England and ' . Ireland , baring - for its object the liberation of all political prisoners ! Alva , Alexander M'Kenzie . —Apply at the Post Officn .
Untitled Article
. ; IRISH DESTITUTION . We beg to call bur readers' attention to the speech of Mr : O'Connor , on the question of Irish destitution , > yhich appears in our present number , a jspee ' cli to . which the impartial ^ TiHus" has devoted fifty-one lines .. So much for the impai'tiality of the Press . . ;
Untitled Article
TRANSPORTATION OF THE IRISH . The great Irish difficulty is at . length solved . All laws of Registration , Landlord and ; TeliautBillB , PoorLtWS , Sale Qf . Encumbered Estates , Rates in Aid , Assimilation of Ori initial Laws , Tithe Composition Acts , Treason and Felony Bills , ' ¦ Suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act , Free Trade , packing of juries , enlistment of spies , subornation of witnesses , trickery of officials , and bias of judges , have all—one and all— -failed to solve the great Irish
difficulty '; but the inventive mind of man , which we imagined had ' exhausted its nostrums for the tranquillisation of Ireland and the developed ment of her national resources has , at length , hit upon the expedient of depopulating the country ; and what is most mmiculous , this newly invented . system comes from the saints , whose spiritual pride resists the indignity of meeting in committee before two o ' clock upon Ascension day , while they shed not a tear and heave not a sigh at the announcement that between 900 and 1 , 000 . persons perished in one workhouse within one . week . But the most
extraordinary character in tins most extraordinary . melo-drama is thai assumed = by our day-scholar of Printing House-squaro — the "Times . " ; . It is not many weeks since we published the lamentations of our pupil over the loss of the hardy and industrious Irish . "If we . lose them , " said the "Thunderer ) " who will supply their place—who will pave our streets—who will be . our scavengers and our wharfingerswho will reap our harvest—^ and " where ; shall we secure substitutes as consumers of our manufactures ? " .- . ¦ :
This hullagone over the departing Irish was KEENED when , no doubt , the mouth-piece of Whiggery rested confidently upon the capability of Ministers to solve the gi-eat Irish difficulty ; but all attempts having -hitherto failed , mark the altered tone of our pupil . . He now
says : — ., In the " poorest and most exhausted lands the thickest multitude of people is to be found . Before aught can be done for land or people the surplus of inhabitants ' must be removed . If they stay , they cumber the land , they do not till it ; they thrust and jostle against : each other , -they do not help one another . They are at the same moment drains upon the national resources and impediments to national energy . ¦ True , they do congregate upon the barren soil . They " are like the timid hare star ted . in the corn field , and hunted into the jungle in the hope of puzzling her pursuci s ~ thoy are
like the rabbit , poached by the ferret into the furthest recess of his burrow , in ; the hope of evadiug his tormentor—they are poached into the wild wilderness , where they hope to escape the grasping hand of tyrant man , or to die unobserved . They are driven from the more fertile soil , upon which their labour might be profitably expended , . to hide their poverty , their nakedness and destitution ; while , as the " limes" ; admits , their thews , their sinews , their muscles , and their strength might be profitably applied to the cultivation of the land of their birth . Does this representative of sanctity , or do the
saints themselves , read the word , of their God ? And if they , do / have they discovered that God made man—not pampered aristocracy , who are pallid , crippled , emaciated , and pale , but the industrious employed working man" after his own image ; " commanded , him to live in the " sweat of his brow , on the fruits of the earth , " which he is kindly to preserve to his own use . And are the Irish to he transported from the land of their birth , for follies and crimes committed by those who have violated every law of God and man , in order that they may evade—for a season—41 iat vengeance which is sure to overtake them ? , .
" God gave us meat but the Devil gave us cooks'' is an old saying , and it is equally true that God gave us land but the Devil gave us landlords . Tv " e wonder what the Lincolnshire farmer and the Manchester manufacturer would say , the one if he missed the harvest hands that reaped his corn , and the . other the hands that plied his shuttle or worked his loom ; while we would ask the English consumer , whether the . mind of man could suggest a greater anomaly , or paradox , than that which recommends him to rely upon the produce of other countries ; while the' land of his birth is uncultivated arid . unprofitable ?
This question of population ,, and the . application of labour to reproductive employment , is one becoming interesting , not only to the poor but to the rich ; not alone to the landlord , to the tenant ,, or to the labourer , but , to the monarch , to , the official , to the merchant , the manufacturer , tho banker , the trader , the shopkeeper , the artificer , the mechanic , and the artisan ; and it is . one which the industry of this country will , ere long , compel its rulers to solve . . V ¦ -. ' ., -.
If we . require proof of the capability of the soil of the country to support the population of the country , ' it is sufficiently made manifest in the factj that whilst agricultural Lincolnshire employs no more than nine labourers . to , every hundred acresj those hundred acres , if properly cultivated , would not onr / j at three acres to a family , support ; thirty-three families in comfort and comparative affluence , but , [ would make those thirty-three families , living upon ; . the profits of free labour , better customers for all articles of produce than the nine serfs existing upon sl ave labour , measured by the caprice of the employer . ,. " - ' -, ' , ' . ' -
Let it not be understood , however , that any farmer ^ cultivatin g ; a . hundred acres of land employs nine : agricultural labourers , inasmuch as-Mr . Monsell' s average is based , not upon the amount of hands actually employed in agriculture , but' w . arrived , at thus ; i-r
Untitled Article
Suppose a fanner to cultivate _ a thousand acres of Maud , whereof four ' hundred acres ' " are in ¦ cultivation .. aud six hundred iu grass , Mr . MoNSEiL / divides-tlie thirty six hands thus employed ; over ... the _ whole one thousand acres ; thus establishing the fact , but not admitting it , that no more than three and a half hands were employed to each hundred acres , while the six hundred . acres hi grass would give employment to no more than two or three herdsmen or shepherds . / ^ r—tllliff ^ ' ^ 1 ' *^ ' ^**'"* 8 ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ -
Let us draw a -fair illustration of the fact from oho of our own much-reviled colonies . Upon Snip ' s End , where there are over eighty men located , and all sure to do well and thrive , formerly no more'than four or . five hands were employed , while the surplus produce , after feeding the increased number of cu ltivators will create a greater abundance in the consuming market ; '
.-. We write for sensible and' thoughtful men , whoso interests are' not only . extensively but wholly dependent upon the legitimate arid profitable cultivation of the soil , while the " Times" is compelled to cater to the prejudice , the folly , and insanity of factions , and knows no more of the land and its capabilities than the crow that flies over it . llowevcr , although our readers are familiar ' with the subject , even at the hazard of repetition , we would ask them
whether the mind of-man canconceive or propound , much less , advocate ) a greater fallacy than the proposition to transport the labouring classes from a country whose land , it is admitted , is all but ' waste ? ' ' /_ . ' :. ' ¦ " . It is not long since we quoted" a most cheering passage from the lessonof our daily pupil , in which he spoke most enthusiastically ' arid hopefully of subdividing } the Royal domains into peasant holdings , ' and bedecking them with humble peasant homesteads . ¦ Upon them we were told that the surplus population mtiy
be located ; and' we were charmed with the admission , though certainly not novel , " that where corn grew before com wouldigrow again ; Well , by a parallel of reasoning , we may indulge in the fond hope that where reason has entered before reason may enter again ; and that our . pupil , when his present masters are on the bleak side of the Treasury , wiirdiscover that his ink , his paper , and his goosequill are all produced by the land , arid ; although the proper ctftivation of the laud may lead to the propagation of large flocks of geese , it ¦ will also tend to diminish cormorants . ...
We would askthe reader , whether the mind of the most silly , the most imbecile cr 'insane of his class , could suggest or invent a more startling piece of folly than the following extract from the , columns of our pupil ?— - .,, ; .: TVe want to clear the land of that which threatens to eat up the land , and to retain the farmers and small proprietors . Again , it should be remembered that , were government to assist the first one or two batches of emigrants , they in their turn would be able to assist others . Emigration begets emigration . The emigration of thepoor fosters the emigration of other poor . , .,
.. Now wliat does the reader think of that ? Our friend wants to clear the land , and informs us that those who have become destitute paupers upon the land , if expatriated at the expense of Government—that is , at the expense of the people , they will be able in a foreign country , not only to support themselves independently , but to furnish their pauper friends at home with a sufficiency to enable them to fly the pest-house also . If we paid a magician , or even a legal official , to suggest
cause of accusation against a government , could either effect the purpose more completely than our cotemporary has done ; for what is the conclusion , the only conclusion , to be drawn from these premises ? Is it riot that misgovernmeni ; and mismanagement have made population surplus in a fertile land with genial climate ; while the same population , under other and better government ,, may not only live comfortably , but may uphusband from their savings a sufficiency to enable their friends and relatives to follow them ?
Again , suppose the money to be applied to the employment of labour at-home , instead of to the transportation of the labourer ; in such case , what a different aspect would the country bear , what a different position would the landlords hold , and what a different feeling would the Ir ish people . entertain towards their Saxon oppressors . In the words , ' not of GoUxtan , although they are ascribed to him ,, but in the words of Arthur O'Connor , printed in 1797 , we conclude , that "Three million Irish slaves will rivet England's chains . "
Untitled Article
Perhaps no speech of greater importance , or more ably delivered , or powerfully sustained m all its points , was ever addressed to Parliament than that of Hp Fbarsok ; As was evident from its consecutive bearing , ho had made himself thoroug h master of the subject , and so powerful were the facts he adduced , that it rendered it impossible for the HoiiE Secretary , or any other Member , to refute one of them . Let us now analyse some of those startling facts , Mr . Pearson says : — It appeared that the prisons of this country cost , on the average , £ 400 , 000 a year , irrespective of the cost the Govei'nment luid to diifcii' for . the punishment of crime by means of the hulks and transportation . ~ ~ i ¦ . .... ^
Now , as is our custom , and however unpalatable to our readers reiteration and repetition may , we are determined that , as the people are ; a money-governed class , to keep their minds unremittingly and systematically directed to the proper and beneficial , as compared with the improper and injurious , application of that money . In the above speech , Mr . Pearson shows thatthe annual expenditure upon pr isons is 66400 , 000 , and . this irrespective of the salaries of Governors , Turnkeys , Officials , and the one thousand and one incidentals ; and the rule-of-three-mind of this moneymongoring nation will have no difficulty in
arriving at the conclusion , that at four per cent ., £ 400 , 000 would pay the interest of ten millions of money , aud those ten millions would locate nearly eighty-four thousand persons upon four acres of land , costing ^ 630 an acre , or would put to profitable employment , at five to a family , four hundred and twenty thousand , and that number would give profitable employment to as many more ; or , in oiliev words , the amount expended upon this rogue-creating system j would at once provide for nearly
onethirteenth of the whole of the population of this kingdor ii , by locating them , not uponiwo acres of rock , bog , or moor , but-upon four acres of the best land to be purchased . This is a startling fact , and one to which neither the ruled nor the ruler , the landlord , the tenant , or the labourer , the capitalist or the slave , can much longer shut their eyes or close their ears . Let us now call the attention of tho reader to the present state of crime in this reformed age . Mr . Pearson says : —
The number of commitments and recommitments in England and Wales for the trial of criminal charges had increased within the last forty years upwards ' of four hundred per ' cent ., whilst the increase of population was only sixty-five per cent . We now bog to call attention to the following startling announcement , mado by the hon . gentleman , and which comment of ours would but tend to weaken , He says : — '¦ He should show thai this iiiei'uase was nlgo partly owing to the great increase of comfort in gaols , and to the fact
that the prisoners were better fed , better etothed , better lodged , and better taught than the class to which they belonged . The prjsoiiers were taught a taGte for luxurious indolence , which it was impossible for them to gratify when they were turned out of prison , and they left it with less capability of earning their living by honest industry than when they entered it . Thus , while they inflicted an enormous injury upon the ratepayer , they also committed an injustice upon the honest poor , by teaching them that crime was attended by comforts such as they could riot tlieuisclves procure , Again , he states as follows :
In Millbank , Pentonville , and some few other prisons , we made the industry of the prisoners produce something , but then it was by educating them to Hood the labour market ; we made thieves shoemakers , which tended to drive other shoemakers to be thieves . More than half the prisoners sent to Millbank were mere labourers—unskilled labourers—worth ( say ) 2 s . a-day ; if we made them able to displace honest tailors and shoemakers , earning 3 s . a-day , we gave a premium to crime . ¦ ¦ . Jfow , while we contend that no stronger proof could be adduced of the inducement that
the present system holds out to crime , and although the unemployed shoemaker , or the badly-paid shoemaker may be seduced to the commi 6 S 8 ion of crime , in tho hope of bettering his condition , we also contend , that if his condition was measured by the standard of justice and equitable remuneration for his labour , that is , if his free labour was increased by the greater ability of a greater number to wear shoes , the prison would then offisr no fascination or indiicementtohim , to commit crime .
We now come to the kernel of the hon . gentleman ' s plum . He says : — With regard to the application of prison labour , he ( Mr . Pearson ) would apply it . to land . He had had the opportunity afforded him of obtaining , the opinions of above a hundred eminent farners and agriculturists witli regard to the power of 1 , 000 " prisoners employed upon " 1 , 000 acres oflaud to malte it maintain them ; anil the ansvvcrs iverc most satisfactory . ' Iu selecting land , he- had taken into consideration that labour upon land was most easily leavnt , and , being _ the healthiest , did not require au expensive diet to maintain health . ¦ , What now will the HAYTER say ? What will tht Poor Law RAVEN say , ? , And what will' the located members on the Land
Company ' s estates now say to the farmers who tell them- that " , three , four , or five acres will not support a man ? Not cultivated by prison or slave labour , but cultivated by free labour . And what will the' "Whistler" and our 3 ? ree Trade philanthropists say , when they learn that agricultural labour is the most healthy and the most easily learned . If Mr . Pearson had been employed to argue the capability of the Land before the Committee that sat in judgment upon it , we think his evidence would have been irrefutable , conclusive , rind irresistible ; but he was arguing the whole question which might be the means of reducing the annual expenditure of the country , while we haye propounded our system as a means of securing the independence of the . people .
We commenced with a maxim , we shall coiir elude with a moral ; we have said- moj-e than once— " Show us , a saint , and we -will show you a sinner ;" . and could wej we ask , furnish stronger proof of the assertion , than is supplied in the following passage ?—At Reading nine-tenths of the prisoners were confined for a limited time—one of the chaplains said too short to make it possible for them to effect any improvement— and the consequence , as he observed , : was that a man so
imprisoned Was set at largo " more vile than before . " ( Hear , hear . ) Three prisoners had been pardoned on account of their piety and good conduct . They had written all sorts of religious themes , and their knowledge of Scripture was such that tlfcy were like walking concordances . They were accordingly discharged . These were the only three names which had ever been shown forth'in the return of the Reading Gaol as converts of the system there pursued . Two of these bad since been transported , and the third had fled under a charge of felony ! ' ' . '
" John , have you sanded the sugar ?"" Yes , Sir . " "Have you damped the ¦ tobacco 1 "— " Yes , Sir . '' '•« Have you watered the g in ?"—" . Yes , Sir . " "Then now , ladj fetch thy prayer-book , and come to church . "
Untitled Article
THE'LAND . The following paragraph having appeared in the papers , the ignorant scribblers havjji ™ transferred the scene of misery from Broin , grove , upon which tenants are not yet located to the lledmarlcy Estate , we cheerfull y pu ^ lish it , and it will , no doubt , excito laughter and merriment amongst those occupant ^ one of whom has recently given the former occupant nearly two hundred pounds for his location . It is enough to make a Quaker kick his mother , to hear those ragged rascals , with goose quilla in their hands , cigars in their mouths ,, stinking of gin , and no brains in their skulls , daring to write upon the question of the Land . Have any of those hired ragamuffin slaves written a line in condemnation of the Cobdex-Scholefield bog , moor , and rock y _ mTTTi tt i ^ -r-w- »
FREEDOM FOR THE MILLIONS ? No ,-not a line , the ruffians , as . they are paid for , and live upon , lies . These ignorant buffoons all believe , as we have often stated , that their vegetables grow under the greengrocer ' s stall , and their meat under the butcher ' s block but we do not despair of making even them comprehend the value of the land ,
"AS IT IS NOW ASCERTAINED FliOJi "PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE THAT A MAN " CAN SUPPORT HIMSELF , WIFE , AND FA "MILY , UPON TWO ACRES OF MOOR-LAND "AT THIRTY SHILLINGS PER ACRE RENT , "AT THE OCCUPATION OF STONE GRIND . "ING . " "We thought these cheap-bread gentlemen would realise tho old proTerb- ' " When the people asked for bread , they gave them a stone . ''
The following extract is taken from the " Coventry Herald and Observer" of the 14 th of May . We know something about the manager of that paper , but shall content ourselves for tho present with assuring him , that the worst character upon the Company ' s estate would not be seen marching through Coventry with such a fellow . Here follows the extract ;—Mb . Feahgc 3 O'Connor ' s Lasd Scheme at Redmarley . has completely exploded . Six families have left , and the remainder are said to be in a state approaching to destitution .
Co ≪Sovve6#Oment&.
Co < sovve 6 # oment& .
Untitled Article
T . " NOTICE . IIi-. < O'Connor will attend the public meeting to be held at Newton ' s , Phoenix Tavern , Radclifle-cross , on Wednesday ; evening next , the 23 rdtest . ; ,, , . . ; .
The Prthekn Star; Saturday, May 19, Is49.
THE PRTHEKN STAR ; SATURDAY , MAY 19 , IS 49 .
Untitled Article
COST OF CRIME . We have often stated that " man is born with propensities which may be nourished into virtues , or thwarted into vices , according to his training ; " and we have further added , '' that there is more of good than of evil in every man born into this world , if means were taken to dovelope his superior qualities , instead of , as under the present system , a strong inducement being he'd out for the developement of the inferior qualities . "
It is a notorious fact of long standing in Eugland ^ and one with . which ; every man is conversant—that-the unwilling idler , understanding'the difference between prison and workhouse fare , prefers criminality to pauperism , and Commits the crime which will consign him to the prison , in preference to pauperism , which will consign him to the bastile . As the strongest proof of this assertion we have stated
that " if the infant of the Queen , - at two : or three years of age , and the infant of a heartless murderer , or systematic robber , are placed under the same tutelage , it would bo in the power of the tutor to make the royal infant a drunkard , a prostitute , a liar , and a thief ; while , by training , he would make the child of the murderer revolt at the commission of any one of those acts . "
Is it not notorious , then ,-that when this difference is established by the Government between criminality , and pauperism , that the effect of . legislation isto develope the vicesi-and suppress the virtues implanted by nature-in
man .. ' ••¦ ; . ¦ - ;;¦ ' ; - : : ¦ . ¦ : : ¦ -.. .. Therehasnotbeen amorehomfyingdevelopement made to this country , ' as regards the cost of criminality induced by bad government , than ' that submitted to Parliament by Mr . Ciiaules . Pearson , on Tuesday night . He stated to the House—and it was uncontradicted , because susceptible of ; the easiest proof— "that the ac- c ' ommodation for . every , system-made thief in York Castle cost the country £ , 1 , 200 : that is , lodging for each prisoner costs that , amount of money , or , at ^ ve-. per cent ; , , £ 60 a year . And this not including theprisori diet , br .
prisori' dress , for which many , now would be too happy to exchange their domestic ifare . aind clothing , but for the mere lodging of criminals . Now , will not every man of sane mind , and with a particle of common sense , and with such a startling and irrefutable fact before his eyes , come to the inevitable and only conclusion , that Mce is systematically propagated , and atanenbiTOOusexpense , in order—as Mr . Drummond truly stated- ^ -that the capitalist may exercise his baneful influence over' the unwilling idler , ; who has but the alternative of the bastile or the prison , the transport or the gallows ? In his admirable speech , he showed that which we have systematically contended
for , that it would be . right , and proper , and just ,, to free this handcuffed labour , and . apply it to the cultivation of the soil appropriated to each prison and workhouse ; Upon one point , however , ' we differ from . the Honourable Gentlenian-r-fbr " \ vhereas lie . proposes ' , that the surplus profit , afteivtlie sustenance of the prisoner , should go into the Exchequer— -we \ propose that it should go to the prisoner himself while we confess that such a proposition would / in the . first instance , inevitably lead to ^ the perpetration of a . sufficient , amount " , of crime , measured by that standard which would make prison discipline employment ; and distribution of profit preferable to ; and more inviting , than thepre e ^ tBlaye ' sYiBtem i ' ; . ; . ; ; : u
Untitled Article
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . Narrow as was the escape of the Ministry from a defeat on the Navigation Laws Bill in the House of Peers , their escape on the Rats in Aid Bill was still narrower . In the first case , ten proxies defeated a present majority of fourteen peers ; in tho second , pro , xie » not having been had recourse to , the ministerial measure passed by a " glorious majority" of One ! according to some of the morning papers;—of Two , according to others . Of course , a measure that thus closely escaped being thrown out , will have but small moral weight with those who are opposed to it . Th « people of Ulster ¦¦ will net find their objections
to it diminished by the prestige arising from a large majority , which , though not a satisfactory , is , at all events , a powerful support to any parliamentary enactment . The only chance of the obnoxious rate being collected that we can see , lies in the cunningly-contrived machinery by which it is to be included in * tho ordinary rate , and ; collected at the same time . Had it been levied separately—and specially collected as a Rate in Aid , - we very much doubt whether its . opponents in Ulster would have paid one farthing . Even as it is , the opposition and resistance threatens to be a severe one . Tixe question of the Poor Law ia Ireland , and its better adaptation to the state of society in that country has occupied some time this week . Lord John ' s amended Law
undoubtedly remedies some obvious defects ni the Act , though we confess the main provision in the new Bill—the fixing of a maximum rate—does seem to us rather a strange one . The first three clauses relate to the establishment of such a rate in each locality—live shillings in the pound of the' annual value in the electoral division , and , after that , two shillings in the pound in the union at large—in all , seven shillings iu the pound . Beyond this , no farther taxation , for tho relief of the poor , can bo levied in future . It is contended that this enactment is absolutely necessary to
induce persons to become tenants of farms , wlo would otherwise ... bo deterred . by the fear of limitless taxation , and the apprehension that pauperism may catch up the whole of their capital . The argument may be just cnongh in that view of tho matter , but viewed in relation to the abstract principle of the Poor Law —namely , that the property of Ireland must support the poverty of Ireland—it is evidently inconsistent . If the seven shillings in the pound is insufficient to relievo the destitution of
the people , they must either perish helplessly or the relief must come out of the Imperial revenues . In the latter case , a gross injustice will be committed on the toiling people of this island , who will be taxed to support the paupers made by Irish landlordism and past misgovernment , to the saving of . tho pockets of those who have possession of the soil of Ireland , and who ought either to make it support the people , or resign it into the hands of those who would cause it to do so .
Ireland has constituted , and appears likely tocontinue , the main question of this , as it hasdone of many previous sessions . Its difficulties , disasters , destitution , and disease aud deaths , meet us at every turn . The Government have a host of measures relating to Laud and Drainage , sale of Encumbered Estates , and other topics before Parliament , each of which gives rise to what are called " Irish Debates ; ' ' .. and private Members—not content with these opportunities of talking upon tho subject—bring forward motions , the only ob « ject of which seem to be to increase the
quantity of " talk . " If "talk" could have done it , Ireland should now be in a most prosperous condition . Among the "talks" this week there was one on Tuesday about Emigration . Mi \ Monsell is not satisfied with the already rapid depopulation of Ireland by the combined agencies of death by starvation and the voluntary expatriation of all who have the means of flying from ; the country . He , therefore , proposed a resolution calling upon the Government to aid in the transportation of a still larger number ; to which Sir George Gket , on the . part of . the Ministry , gave his consent
, as a means— according to hia own statement—of " . removing the local ¦ . congestion of population which exists in someV parts of Ireland . " It is not often ' we find ourselves ., agreeing with Mr . John O'Connell ^ nor are , we penetrated by any deep reverence for his senatorial qualifications , but for once in our lives we cordially concur with the amendment he moved' to Mr . Mow- ' sell ' s proposition . If' the ' object be really to clear Ireland entirely ' of its . : present inhabitant , it would be better to avow the intention manfully * and make preparations on : a ' scale commcnsU '
rate with the magnitude' of the object . The " Times" pretty ; broadl yhintsats ' uchacoiisuniniation , by suggeBting how many Irish families * could have been transported to Canada by the ten millions already spent on Ireland , if thc money had been / devoted to carrying away tie Irish wholesale ' at £ 6 a head . In that case , we are told that ^ . more than a million and & half of Irish paupers , who are now frig htening the island out of its Dronrietv . might have been
located as British Colonists . " But in the name of common sense let us ask , why one n ' ' lion and a half of unemployed- ^ and , thcre ^' pauperised—labourers should be carried ay J from Ireland at a-. cost of fen millions sterling to- "the vast forests yet unknown-t > roaa prairies as yet untrodden by the foot of ma ^ , the fields which yearn for the plough , the s }^ » and the axe / ' ? , in the : British colonies- ^ P the same labour and the same money conw » nioire profitably and more speedily emp loy ' upon the lulcultivated lands of Ireland " "'
Untitled Article
... . . ¦ THE CHARTER . Mr ; O'Cosxoit has given ' notice of the following motion to be submitted to tlie House oh the oth of Juno , and it is our earnest request , that petitions , between this and that day , should be poured in from all parts of the country , in order to convince the House that neither specials , muskets , artillery , Gagging Bills , nor Coercion , have subdued the Chartist
spirnY or iii _ anywise compelled the people to relax in their glorious struggle'for the achievement of their just and inalienable rights , and froin the possession of which alone they can relieve themselves from their present state of servile degradation and ' , depende ' rice . A man ma , y do a man ' s share of work , but he caiiiiot , without the assistance of the people , accomplish any measure which -has foi- its object the . release of the weak and unprotectGd from the' ' trammelsofthestroiigand .
• ENGLAND NOW EXPECTS THAT EVERY MAN WILL DO' HIS DUTiV WHAT IS TO BE BY-r HE PE 0 PLE PEO - ' MUST BE DONE . The Mowing is the motion :-- ' To riiovb , that this riouso , recognising the great pnnciplethat labour is the source ofallwealth ^ -that thepeopleare the only legitimate source of powerthat . the labourer should . be the first partaker of the fruits oflus
own industry-that . taxation without repmentation is tyranny , and should . be resisted , and gg ^ rast ' &sisB ^^ y ^ sfidi ^ h iissfsa ^^
Untitled Article
„ „„ . « ' May JO , 1849 THE NORTHERN-ST ' AR- ' ¦ — A " . * * i . . __ : _ - ! * ' *¦ '' - i
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), May 19, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1523/page/4/
-