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(Eftfiitet -Intelligence....
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. iOYED AND HOXOUIIBD COMRADES , I itJ ^ V % 7 ° m ^¦ ¦ 'Scnd- In your petitions i&Ptf ^ S ht ' spost , Sunday night ' s post , « ° d Monday ^ night ' s post , addressed to the several members to the House of Commons . » o your duty and I wiU do mine . Butifyou neglect everything else this weefc , read the artidetiiatyouwinfind in the "JVortfe ™ Star " ff ^^^ lX * palcV > of last Veek . -Let it bexead slowl y and distinctl y by a good reader at your several meetings . I am sure -onr Manchester Mends will feel toe loss of «* bogott , but let the article be read by all and to all , and then let all revile the Land Plan as ' Dest they can . POTJE , JNTOURrETITIONS . Tour iaithinl Priend and Representative , . . , ... . EEflUHIS 0 00 XJi 0 E .
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' STARTLING DISCLOSUEES . ! TO ALL CLASSES WHO LIVE BY THEIR LABOUR . My Pbiejeds , Ilooknpon every man who earns his bread by tiie labour of his hands or the labour of his intellect , as a irorkirig man—that is , I consider the architect , who draws out . the design of a house which labourers are to build , to be as ¦ worth y ofhis hire . as the labourers themselves ; "while , npon the other hand , I look upon It not
as an injustice , but as a sin , that the idle should live in luxury upon the labour of the industrious ; and it is because the land constitutes the real mine of labour , and the onl y field from "which the labourer can draw a fair requital for his work , that Ihaveinade up my mind to straggle to the death far - the restoration of Cob ' s gift to Gotf . s ^^ plej and I . never wiU join in ai ^ in&rement ordSfany ^ OT ^ rhich has not the furtherance of my project for its object .
When I say my project , I do net mean any Land Plan proposed by myself , because I will further , with all my might , any project , no matter "b y -whom propounded , that will put the-worldng classes in possession of a sufficient amount of land to employ then : own free labour upon . "With so much of a preface , let me now call your attention to the clear and unostentatious Teply of Mr . "Wheeled , and other allottees of O'Connorville , to the Nottingham BOOBY , and from those STABTLIjSG DISCLOSUBES-you will learn the base slander and lying hypocrisy te which every man who attempts to serve the poor without a selfish
mofive is exposed , and you will also discover the avidity with which the Press of faction seizes ¦ upon ihe lacnhrations of those reptiles , when you reeall to memory the fact , that the " Nottingham Review" published the rubbish of the BOOBY , with the usual indorsement as to his Tespeetabilitj , l ) y pompously announcing that the Editor was in possession of the name of the writer—which , however , he withheld—the legitimate and the only conclusion to which you can come l ) eing that he was in possession -of his character also—no great treasure!—but the developement of which might have stigmatised ihe name with an odium that might have ireakened the STARTLING
DISCLOSURES . However , as a matter of course , the " Nottingham Review" will publish Mr . "Wheeler's reply . I am not so sure of this , iowever , as that paper has changed editors , and I learn that the present conductor is an old and virulent enemy of mine . You will also find a letter in this weelc's " Star , " from the occupants at Lowbands , in -reply to Mr . Djrtfeu ' s evidence at Northampton , aadifcgiresmeno little pleasure to find the occupants upon the several estates , thus coming forward gratuitously , and without any—the -slightest—solicitation upon my part , to speak for themselves . I have often told y ou that , like Wilbebforce , my strongest desire was to lire down prejudice , and in concluding this
part of my letter , I may say , that the last week has been one of the happiest of my life , and the cause of that happiness you will find in the several responses to my letter of last week , and the result of which will be such a phalanx of iudepeudent voters going to the poll at lie next General Election as will astound the enClUlCS Of Labour ; not for one county , nor for two counties , but for a majority of the counties of England ; and , as I orig inally laid 11 , down in my "^ Vork upon Small Farms , written in 1843 , I should like to purchase estates In tiie several counties , f « - the location of the inhabitants of those several counties . However , this is a matter that must be left to tile choice of the people themselves .
I now come to the material part of the question—namely , the purchase of Mathou . IViiile I am writing the sale is going on , and my solicitor is there , with my instructions to purchase it at the price at which I originally bought it Theresult cannot be communicated t » me till to-morrow ( Friday ) nioraing , and it will then appear in the Second Edition , as a postscript to this letter . However , as it is indispensable that those who invest their money in such a project , should DC thoroughly acquainted with the subject , and as some appear to be ia error , let me now clearly state how the matter stands .
Every man who wishes for an acre will have to pay 32 / . the acre , at the p rice I propose to jjni-chase , costing 30 / ., and putting down 21 . an acre for legal expenses of " conveyance and . surveying ; and perhaps this will appear small when * ! tell you that the stamp alone , for conveyins the property , will cost nearly 200 / . However , every subscriber must pay at the rsio of 32 / . an acre , from one acre to eight . Then in last week ' s " Star , " I made a mistake as to the price of the growing timber , whk-h I put down at 4 . 000 / ., while I find it is less than 2 , 500 ? . You must understand that wlifiu au estate is purchased , the timber muefc "be taken at a valuation ; and you must understand that those who buy the estate , must also
bay the timber . 30 / . an acre for 500 acres is 15 , 000 ' ., the price I propose to give , and the price I propose to charge per awe . The 2 , 5001 . for timber , amounts to 5 / . an acre upon 500 -acres , and therefore the purchaser of an acre must pay 3 ?/ . —30 / . for Land , 2 L for surveying and legal expenses , and 5 / . for the timber ; anil after selling the timber , I undertake not only to return to every purchaser of an acre his 5 ? . paid for timber , and to every four-acre man his 201 . paid for timber , but also to level all the fences , and to convert all the old building materialssuch as bricks , stone , t imber , door and window
aills , and other materials—to use out of the profits made on the timber , that is—they shall l > e all piled in lots , and ready for sale , to the occupants or others who may wish to purchase them . They should be p iled hi quantities that would build a suitable cottage , which the purchaser could buy at less that half the retail price , Sitving the carriage , and the money received for them would be equally divided amongst the purchasers—that is , if they
brought 2 , 0007 ., every man who purchased an acre and did not purchase materials , would receive 47 . ; every four-acre man would receive 161 . ; thus reducing the price of the Landincludin ^ legal expenses and surveying—to 287 . Ivnr 1 hype that I make this matter of trees and old materials sufficiently p lain . I putdown old materials at 2 , 000 / ., while , perhaps , the reader would be astonished when he hears that they were not erected for 20 , 000 / .-or o , 000 / . more than Land and all would now fetch . 1
put them down at 2 , 000 / ., or 4 / . an acre , while I shall be much deceived if they do not letch , over 3 , 000 L , or 61 an acre . But as I wish the " Worcester Journal , " and other newspapers so favourable to myplan , to reserve this letter as condemnation of my present jaowfe I irish to disarm them ; ami in order
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that there should bo no mistake , I will here re-capitulatethe terms : — £ . ¦ Every purchaser of an acre must pay 37 » j » Two-acres „ * 74 « „ Three acres „ 111 » a Four acres „ 148 j » a Five acres „ 185 - j > ]> Six acres „ 222 « « Seven acres , „ 259 - « „ Eight acres „ 296-The above amounts pay for land , timber ; legal expenses , survey , conversion of timber trees into cash , conversion of old materials into . usuable condition , and levelling offences . j . 1 * tUclt tllPPf * ftlirvniA "kr * * . « " i . _ i t - mi i : ¦_ _
Every man who pays 37 / . will receive back 5 / . from sale of timber . " ' £ : " Every two-acre man will receive 10 - „ Three-acre man „ 15 „ Four-acre man „ 20 ¦ »» Five-acre man „ .. 25 , 5 Six-acre man 3 , . 30 ... „ Seven-acre man „ 35 „ Eight-acre man „ 40 And if I am allowed time to convert it into the proper scantlings for persons purchasing allotments , and wishinsr to build their own
cottages , and paying wholesale price " upon the spot , " without . payment f for carriage ^ ? I < will undertake to Teturn' 8 / . an acre , instead of 5 / ., for the timber , and I will undertake to produce as much sawdust—not to feed pigs , like the Ravex—but as will burn into ashes , and produce the best manure for twenty acres of ground . There are trees there valued at more than seven tons of timber—oak trees—and , of course , those could not be felled till May , when
the bark strips . There are fir trees there , which Mr . Culuxgham estimated at over three tons to the tree . In this estimate I make no calculation of what is called LOF and TOP , which is always considered as the buyer ' s profit ; nor do I make any estimate of the hundreds of waggon-loads of firewood , with the best market in England for such stuff , and every particle of which should be economically converted into cash .
So much for purchase money , and money returned irom sale of timber , leaving the payment at 32 T . per acre . Then , as to" building materials , I undertake , and I wUl put it down lowly , to return 4 L an acre , leaving 28 / . 1 am aware that this difficulty will occur—that the man who pays for eight acres or for lour acres at the stipulated price—that is , at the wholesale price—will expect that he is to get eight acres of the best laud for . that amount , while the man paying the stipulated price for one acre may presume that he is to pay that amount for the worst acre , thus
compelling him to pay as much for the worst acre as another man should pay for the best acre , or leaving me in such an awkward dilemma as would g ive geueral dissatisfaction ; but , in order to prevent after-claps , it must be distinctly understood that each member will pay for his allotment according to the value fixed upon it by fair valuation . I bought lEnster Lovel for 30 / . an acre , and sold some for 6 // . 10 s . I made a profit of nearly 30 / . an acre upon other estates , aud refused over
50 / . an acre profit upon a portion of meadow ground at Snip's End i however , every working man understands that he will not get a loaf of bread made with first flour for the same price that he will get a loaf of household bread for ; and he must understand that he will not get a fat pig for the same price that he would pay for a lean pig ; and if we had not this distinct understanding I will show you what my " SOLEMN POSITION , " in the words of the informer , Powell , would be .
I -would get the exact amount to pay for the estate , according to the only standard that 1 can fix at present ; and then the man paying for the eight acres , according to that standard , would say , " Oh , come , give mo my eight acres , I'll stand nout of this sort , " and then" stur ] s um that won iyoese jSfoe SUM NUM , " * who had paid alike sum would say , "Eh ! dom ifc , mun , dust think I ' m goin' to pay for stone as much as yon chap is paying for the plum . 2 ? ay , I - \ von't stand it , dom'd , 1 must have my money . "
Now it is perfectly rig ht that this should be critically understood—that each man will get the amount of land which the money he subscribed will pay for , aud at the wholesale price in the retail market ; and the man who gets the least in quantity will be much the best off ; -while the strictest attention shall bo " paid to the sub-division , and the most critical account , in a printed form , as to the expense , shall 1 ) C p laced in every member ' s hand . So much with regard to Mathon , as respects the purchase and subdivision , and now a word as to it with regard to the most simple
developement Of the Labour Question . There are , no \ i ' , about ten labourers employed , at low wa ^ cs , on those 500 acres . Then take it im er my plan , in the most unfavourable light , and suppose it to be divided-into 125 allotments , at four acres each , and no occupant of any one of those allotments employing a single individual for a single day in the year , aud how stands the matter ? "Wh y , that that estate—giving unprofitable employment to ten slaves—would give profitable employment to 125 FREE LABOURERS ; and
would ' produce more than twenty times as much as it now iocs . Then see the result—that land at 12 s . a week paid to ten labourers each , would pay in labour 312 / . a year ; while to the 125 , at the same amount of wages , it would pay 3 , 900 / . a year , while the interest on the rent , at five per cent , npon the 15 , 0007 . purchase money , would only amount to 750 / ., ornotafifth of the amount of WcJ ^ cs earned by the free labourers that it would employ . _ - _ , _ ¦ _ diffrent
Now , then , do you seethe e position occupied by the represented landlord and the unrepresented labourer , and do you see the position in which the labourers of England can place themselves ? I think I hear Mir . Booby saying , "But these men would not be all labourers . " My answer is , that they are now nine-tenth of them labourers , and that their occupation upon then- own . land would thin the market in which they are now a surplus ; while , if not one single one of them was a labourer , each should employ a labourer at the
wa ^ eslstate , or higher , while they would De better producers of fresher produce than we can eet from foreign countries for the home consumers ; aud the 125 freemen would be much better customers to every branch of trade , than the ten slaves now employed upon the same estate . . I trust that I have now placed the matter m such a clear and understandable light that no poor man can complain , and that no organ of faction can puthim down as one of my jugg led dupes ; I give my services free , and any estate that I purchase upon the principle that I have laid down , in less than twelve months shall be turned from a wilderness into a paradise ; and in twelve months no man would take double—yea , treble—the price at which I was enabled to soil him Ms free labour ficW ,
Let it be clearly understood that I by no means confine this plan to Mathon , but ; that I will carry it on , without let or legal hindrance , or interference , to any amount , toat the con-
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fidence of the working classes enables me ; and the very same rules that apply to Mathon will apply to any other estate that I may purchase ; while , I confess , that I should like to take the sting out of the vipers who rejoiced ia my inability to . complete the purchase of that property . Mathon is just under the MalyernHillsj in the most luxuriant valley in England ; there is a new carriage drive made
round the hill from Great Malvern , which overlooks the estate : and what a sight it would be for the invalids taking their morning airing , to ,,-see the IDLE RASCALS AND VAGABONDS sucking the i-ich honey from . ; , the rich valley , swarming like bees upon the plain below , luxuriating in the delight , that they were living in the sweat of their own brow , and slaves to no man ; '
Now , can the most fervid imagination depict a more lovely scene than that would be ? and let it be remembered , that most of the aristocracy would then have an opportunity of judging of the DEVIL'S JUGGLE , as Great Malvern has now become the fashionable- resort of that class , and the best market ; for vegetables , poultry , milk , butter , eggs / and other produce . - I- shall now-conclude bjr calling the attend tidifof " all to the admirable " article written by "Sidney Smith , in the " Weekly Dispatch" of last Saturday , and which deserves theatteritive perusal , not only of the labouring classes / but of all classes of society—when , I think , all will admit that I HAVE LIVED DOWN
PREJUDICE . I must state that the unsuccessful members who paid Bonus for th * Broiiisgrove Estate , have received their money back by return of post—that is , those who remitted their receipts to the Directors . In all cases where unsuccessful competitors require the repayment of their Bonus , they must forward their receipts to the Land Office , and they will receive their respective amounts by return of post . I remain , Your faithful Friend and unpaid Bailiff , Feabgus O'Connor .
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ItOTnERiiAJi . —A public meeting was held on Monday last , to adojrt the petition to ' parliament . Mr . Robert Mason in the chair . Mr . Joseph Turner moved , and Mr . S . Gibbs seconded , the petition . Mr . Richard Otley , in supporting it , took a general review of the noble struggle the braro people of Rome and Hungary were making against the league of tyrants on the continent of Europe . Mr . Otley next adverted to the position of the working classe compared with the middle classes of this country , and concluded amidst great cheering . The meeting was addressed by Mr . Councillor Pearson of Sheffield , Mr . Seward , and Mr . llobinson of London . Mr . W . H . Chadwick ( late a political prisoner in Kirkdale Gaol ) , addressed the meeting in an eloquent speech , and concluded by saying that- if speaking the truth was a crime , neither the dungeon nor the scaffold would be a terror to him . The petition was unanimously adopted , and three hearty cheers having been given for the Charter , the meeting separated .
IIaslisgden . —On Sunday afternoon last a lecture was delivered in the Working Men ' s News ' -room , on " The Curse of an Aristocracy , " by Mr . John Beritley , of Bury , which gave unbounded satisfaction . On the Monday evening Mr . William Ifixon , of Manchester ( late victim in Kirkdale Gaol ) , lectured on " The Rights of Man and the People ' s Charter , " which was listened to with great attention . Mr . Xixon is a promising young man , and an honour to the cause of Chartism . Sheffield . —A meeting of the Council was held on Sunday , June 24 th . Mr . John Taylor in the chair . " Mr . William Cavill moved , and Mr .
Buckley seconded , the following resolution , which was unanimously passed : — " That seeing that Mr . O'Connor will be at Todmorden and Manchester shortly , -we . the Chartisfc Council of Sheffield , Jo specially invite that gentleman to deliver us a lecture on Tuesday , July the 17 th . " It was also resolved : " That every Class Collector be requested to attend the Council meeting on next Sunday evening , without fail , and the non-attendance of any collector will be considered a sufficient resignation of the office . Chair to be taken at seven o ' clock . " By order . 11 . Taylor , Financial Secretary ; G . Cavill , Corresponding Secretary .
IIOLYTOWX . —A public meeting of the inhabitants of nolytowii and vicinity , called by public placard , was held in the Masons' Hall , on Monday , the 25 th inst ., for the purpose of petitioning parliament to make the People ' s Charter the law of the land . The meeting was everything which the most enthusiastic Chartist could dc&ire . George Anderson having been called to the chair , and a draft of the petition , which was afterwards ably moved by Mr . Septimus Davis , and seconded and supported by a number of gentlemen in the body of the hall , ami on being put from the chair , was unanimously adopted . ' Upwards of two hundred persons signed their names to the petition before leaving the hall . Tt will be forwarded for presentation OH Friday / the 29 th inst ., to William Lochart , Esq ., M . P . for the
CQunty . . , ,. , Pjhslet . —A public meeting of the inhabitants of . this town was held on Tuesday evening , the 20 th inst ., in the Exchange-rooms , to petition parliament in favour of the People's Charter . The chair was occupied by Councillor Campbell , and several resolutions , " together with the petition , adopted . The speakers were Messrs . Gilmour , D . Robertson , A . Robertson , Watson , M'Kfm , an < i Howie . The meeting which was large and enthusiastic , broke up about eleven oVloek , with a vote of thanks to the chairman , and three rousing cheers , audono more , for the Charter .
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-r-Jftit PROTECTIONIST MEETING . There was a grand muster of Protectionists at Drury-lane Theatre on Tuesday afternoon ; the Duke of Richmond in the chair , and a considerable assembly of peers and commoners avouu ' d him ; and , thou gh the pit was what a theatrical critic would term ° " rather fair , " neither the boxes nor gallery were entitled to the same description ; so that , altogether , the audience was not so largo as to satisfy the friends of a performer on a benefit night in an entertainment of the kind more usually witnessed within its walls . Although -we do not pretend to form so accurate an estimate as an anxious
manager , we cannot think ( says the Times ) there were more than 1 , 200 persons present . The principal speakers were the Earl of Malmesbury , Major Beresford , the Marquis of Downshirc , Mr . Ellman , Sir A . M'Ifab , from Canada , and Mr . G . P . Young . There was no opposition to the proceedings , and the resolutions were carried unanimously . Mr . Disraeli was not present . " The National Association for the Protection of British Industry and Capital , " was duly inaugurated , a long list of vicepresidents , with all the Protectionists of note in both Houses of Parliament , was read , and a general committee appointed .
After the adoption of the usual anti-free-trade resolutions , the following was adopted : — " That , from the peculiar circumstances attending the last general election , and the strong reaction since produced by dear-bought experience on the public mind , the present House of Commons does not , in supporting the ruinous policy of Free Trade , faithfully represent the sentiments of the people ; and that , considering the urgent necessity for a change of system for the preservation of all the best interests Ot the to all consuiuen
State , it be strongly recommended - cies immediately to address the Queen , praying that her Majesty will be pleased to dissolve the Parliament , and appeal to her people . " A two-fold plan ( says tlie Times ) was suggested . The tenant farmers were recommended to stop payment en masse , and petition the Queen to . d « f « uve Pirliament . A general election and a generalrepudiaStoge ther ° would set up the country . As the pro ectwa ° s received with tremendous applause , and £ tfioisand burly figures stood up to cheer the prnciSk 13 repudiaflon " we presume it was understood l £ ourselves , we must confess to being rather m the dark .
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rs late report of the Registrar-General the death of a juggler is mentioned , in University rollS Ilospitarfrom « tremendous pencaraitw , Su el by paisiBg an iron sword down the oosoplmg \ , s , and thence le the pericardium , after exhibition . "
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MR , KYDD'S TOUR . TO TIIE EDITOR OF TIIE NOBTHEHtf STAR . - Dear Sik—Since I wrote to you I have lectured a t a number of places , among them Rochdale , Ilebden Bridge , Halifax , and Kipponden . In those towns my audiences improve . It ia with pleasure that I observe the desire for self-improvement among the youth of those districts . At Hebden Bridge and Ripponden there are libraries belonging to the Association , as there are ' 'in most places . Classes , too , are ^ fo rmed for mutualimprovcmont , by learning grammar , arithmetic , &c . This is well . The'good ' effects of the Tex Hours Bill are everywhere manifest ; and an increase of self-education i 3 among its most happy results . Mechanics' Institutions " have long been •' genteel "—too much so by half to be of practical value to the workman . Their ^^^ ^^ **^ ' ^^ ^ i * ' **
democratic libraries and reading-rooms will fill up the gap , and in the end prove to be truly Mechanics' Institutions . They are founded on a desire for political knowledge—it is their very basis—and the young workman thinks no subject too sacred / or ¦ in ' quiry . - - " Politics are ¦ carefully eschewed by the societies favoured by the annual commendations of tlie" Baineses" and" Morpeths . " The object of these two kinds of institutions is not . ' the same ; the one ; makes knowledge accessible for pleasure arid ornament- ^ -the other -for utility and the possession of political power . Tlie want of unrestricted reading ¦ and ^ thinking has 1 been long felt , \ and ¦ the young : Democrats are . fast supplying ,, the \ desideratiffiW'Thb results * will . be ; desirable '; . ; L ' qt 'the ^ 'priests -bf ^ the evil faith" beware . -
I I have before now had occasion to remark on the mean , searching despotism practised by some of the manufacturers of this district , ' and every renewed visit but tends to -corroborate- former impressions . I wish that it were otherwise : no one , I am sure , would be more happy than the writer to notice favourable changes . It was my lot to hear tales at Ripponden that I could wish to be conveyed to the ears of those who talk largely about the * blessings of commerce and the fulness of our civil and religious liberty , eant , mere cant ; wordn , wordsand nothing more . Better than a year ago , a number of hands struck work : they gave in . The leading men among the workmen , of course , hoped , like the others , to be employed again—and so they were . But mark the humiliating
degradationthey bowed on their knees , and sued for leave to toil , the " Young Masters" walking round and round them , cracking a whip . Young slave drivers—old slaves . This is England—free England—cherished land of the Christian and freeman ! Could Turk , or "West Indian Planter have done more ? Ignorant , cruel , cold , rich monsters that you are ! knowyc not that the day of retribution roust como ? llavo you forgot how you begged and prayed , coaxed and swore , in 1842 and 1 S 48 ? Your special-constablesliip is surely not forgotten ? Speak of stirring men up to revolt and insurrection . Pudge ! I say ; the deeds of yourselves beget your fears . It is the memory of the " whip , " the recollection of the scouhge of wealth , that forces hungry men to the commission of deeds of madness and revenue . And
who are these " young masters ? " let me ask . The sons of men who fifty years ago were labourers . They have drunk of . wealth to repletion , but they know not its use . Their lust of power has been fed to intoxication , and it may one day be their ruin . Can these men be the future governors of England ? Humanity forbid ! Stir yourselves , workmen ; be not for ever whipped by striplings . Your labour produces property . Why should you not possess it ? Reflect on that question , and think of the future . On the evening of Friday , the 15 th , I was present at a meeting originating because of a discussion between Mr . Mciklethwaite , editor of the Wakefield Journal , and the Halifax Boabd of Ghakdiaxs . The meeting consisted of from 3 , 000 to 4 , 000 persons , and was addressed at great length by Mr . Meikletlnvaito on the subject o " f the Poor Laws generally ,
and the conduct of the Halifax Guardians in particular . A Mr . Peacock , Union surgeon , had written that the dietary of the paupers , although not " su-PERPixE , " . was almost too abundant . This superfine Peacock was most completely replied to by Mr , M . quoting tables of dietary for other districts . A table of importance was referred to , viz ., the dietary table of the Wakefield House of Corbectiox , from which it is proved that our dependent poor arc worse fed , than our punished criminals ; in other words , the honest husbandman , who by fifty years ' of industry has added wealth to the state , who has brought up a family in difficulty , and given hostages to his country , when too weak to toil , is worse fed and worse clad than burglars and pickpockets . This subject is thus forcibly alluded to by Louis Blanc , in his book on the Organisation of Labour . " We leave to the reflections of our readers the
following figures extracted from the work of Sir Edward Buhvor Lytton—England and the English : — ' The independent workman cumofc procure , by his earnings , more than 122 ounces of food per week , including thirteen ounces of meat . The able-bodied pauper , at the charge of the parish , receives 151 ounces of food per week , including thirty-eight ounces of meat . ' Tlie felon receives 230 ounces of food 2 ) 01 " Week , including thirty eight ounces of meat . ' " Which goes to prove that in England the material condition of the criminal is better than that of tlie pauper maintained by t ? ic parish , and that of the pauper maintained by the parish better than that of the honest man who works for his living . That is monstrous , is it not ?"
No more monstrous , than true . Who do you propose to improve ? The criminal , ( says the prison reformer)—do so , and you give . a premium for crime . Tlie pauper—do so , and you encourage pauperism . You cannot improve the condition of the labourer with your present system of ' DuviUtake-tlie-hiiulmost" free trade and competition . When I think of it . lam astonished when I know that our legislators do not think of it . with but lew exceptions . I am molr , nclioly--tho future seems all chaos—all doubt . The Halifax meeting , after an elaborate investigation and narration of facts , passed an unanimous resolution , condemning the entire Sew Poor Law experiment , and blaming the Halifax Uoaub op (¦ tUaijdia . vs in particular .
On Sunday I lectured at Pndiluim , to good nu diences , but was compelled to leave early , because of pressing circumstances . Samuel Kydd .
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— uTrrT ^ nriTi" . THE LA 2 JD A 2 JD LA 1 J 0 UE QUESTION . TO MR , WALTON AND THE BRITISH TRADES . Sir , —As ; in admirer of all who make it thrtr study to propound p lans realiy calculated to mitigate the miseries of the toil-worn slave , I was highly gratified to observe the bold stand taken by the London Trades " in defence , " ( not of tlie divine right of kin ^ s , ) but of the divine rights of man , as amoral , intelligent , and responsible being , as well as the divine right to labour , aud live by that labour . At public meetings , aud in your letters , you have boldly contended that the labourer is entitled to the full benefit of his labour , and has no right to be contented with the pittance his necessities compel him to accept from the inoney-mongering capitalist .
Now , sir , as you and the London Trades have pointed out the evils of the present system , and also directed attention to the only permanent remedy—the Land , I sincerely hope you will not stop there ; that you will not ' be satisfied with sending a few petitions to parliament , enforcing your claims to inhabit the wastes of your country . Although , I readily admit the influence of the wellorganiscdTrades , I am afraid the Whig government iii all but inaccessible to that influence ; unless you in the first place convince them that you can do without them , they will only be ready to help those who can help themselves . Up , then , and bo doing :
do not deprive the government of the pleasure and expense of cultivating the waste lands as long as there is plenty of land to purchase otherwise , and better worth the paying for , at a fair price , than if you had the wastes for nothing . Possibly , you will exclaim—Where is the money to come from ? for without money it is impossible to purchase . I admit it . But although a poor man has few pounds , still he is a poor man that has no pence ; and as there are many poor men the pence will become pounds . I would not wish to abridge the poor man's necessaries ; and he is poor , indeed , who .. would not abridge part of his luxuries , for so noble a cause .
But as the means must be in some measure proportionate to the end in view , to ensure success , and the end is the complete emancipation of industry , which by the union of industry 3 s perfectly attainable , this will easily supply the tlie requisite capital . This capital applied to the purchase of land , and combined with the other leading branches of British industry , would very soon enable the slave to change positions with his sordid and often unscrupulous master , who , instead , of playing the tyrant as now , would soon have to compete with the free labour of his former slave ' , as well as to fay a free labour price for his slave labour . .
The true seeret of bnv-ing choap is to buy in large quantities , whether land or other raw material of rencrul manufacturers . This a well organised union
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of the industrial classes would be enabled to do , and of the best quality , and the land coald be got not only of the best quality , but also in the best locality : a small quantity of land , combined with manufactures ( if good land , ) would enable a family to live in comfort and independence , and not only pay interest for the capital expended , but to pay back the capital in a few years , and by that means save the interest , and increase the capital of the union . But as it is impossible in one letter to enter fully into the details , I shall , with the editor ' s leave , return to . the subject . In the meantime , I shall point out how the money could be raised . I may say that I do not find fault with the schemes that have been propounded by others ; on the contrary . oi
some tuem 1 admire , and expe * t to see fully carried out , but still there is room for others . Instead of imposing any stated sum , I would propose that every ' member who joined the union should submit to a voluntary tax on their income or weekly wages , varying from' 2 $ to 5 per cent ., according as the amount is large or small ; so that if a . man at anytime should lose employment or health , he would not be called upon to pay what he did not receive ; neither would the man with ten shillings a week be called upon to pay so much as the man with thirty shillings , or even twenty shillings . a weekj but every man would have to pay in proportion to .-. his income "; " but yet every man ' s account would be kept distinct , so that it could be seen how much every one had paid at a glance . J ; Brcchin . '" A A . Oampbeh .
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. - ;¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . - : - ' - - . « p M ' - ¦ ' ¦;¦ -- . ; THE KIRKDALE CHARTIST PRISONERS ¦ . AGAIN . - ¦ ¦ ' ¦ T 0 THE EDITOR OP TUB NORmEIW STAB . Sir , —In your Star of Saturday last , there appeared two letters originally emanating from Kirkdale Gaol . One signed "Mark W . Norman , " the other bearing the signature of "Daniel Donovan . " These letters have already caused great excitement and much unpleasant sensation in the minds of the Chartist members of this locality . The unfair insinuations contained in the language of these epi < tles have created much anxiety , and severely wounded the feelings of the Manchester Victim Committee . This committee have appealed to us for advice and legitimate protection from the imputations , which , if unchecked , are materially calculated to injure their meritorious reputations in
the eyes of their countrymen . Wo consider we should bo wanting in common fidelity , if we refused to entertain the complaints of the -victims , and also to listen to explanations afforded us by the above committee . Wo , the Chartist Council of this locality , have unanimously agreed to examine minutely the statements , differences , and grievances , manifested as above , and afterwards proclaim to the Chartist public theresult of impartial investigutions . Having , as in duty bound , read and heard the written and oral statements made by each party—the incarcerated victims and the Victim Committee , we are now reluctantly compelled to
express our deep sorrow and regret , when forced to behold the people ' s journal—the Star—containing language , as it does , of ingratitude and abuse , and also statements utterly at variance with truth , which is not only calculated to injure our sacred cause , but might , and we fear will , have it tendency to cool the ardour and humane fervour of our brethren—the Victim Committee—who are devoting their valuable time , night and day , with a view to lessen the misery of the persecuted Chartist inmates of Kirkdale prison , as well as being the instruments in relieving their more unfortunate wives and families .
We are constantly and assiduously engaged night after night , in matters relative to petitioning Parliament for the establishment of the People ' s Charter ; and ire cannot , at present , do more than merely give a bare outline of a few facts in opposition to assertions made by Jlrs . White and Mrs . Donovan . By your kind permission , sir , we will next week endeavour more fully to analyse and afterwards announce in the Star the final result of our investigation . In the meantime , we hope and trust for truth ' s sake , your readers and our Chartist brethren will suspend their decisive judgment until then , when our conclusive particulars shall bc .
impartially exhibited to the world . Still the Victim Committee request the income and expenditure- to bo laid before an intelligent jiublic in order that something like n proper estimation may be taken of their past labours on behalf of ungrateful men . Here then follow the various items , as received and forwarded for and to each of the aforesaid victims and their families . Wcdo not attach any blame to you sir , for inserting the letters of Norman and Donovan . All we request is , that you will accommodate us by giving publicity to this , our report , and result of our deliberations . Your compliance with this request will oblige Yours respectfully ,
In the CiUise of universal Liberty , The Chartist Couxcu . ov JLvxciiesteu Locawtt . Thomas Mather , John Owen , Geokce Tver , 1 ' eter Lloyd EmvAttu Junes , Uohurt Wolstkniiolmb , William Roach , Roisgiu : Fauliuter , AVilliam Shelmkhdise , Treasurer . Jons Jackson , Secretary . GrEonGE IIenky Smitii , Chairman , People ' s Institute , Council Room , 19 th June , 1849 . & : s . d . Sent by Committee to Prison for food o ' j 0 . 0 Postage stamps ... ... ... Ill 9 To cooking utensils ... ... ... 14 2 To post office orders ... ... 0 7 9
Total S 3 S Additional money given in prison by . friends , viz ., W . P . Roberts 5 0 0 Thomas Clark 0 10 . 0 Mr . Aitken ... 2 1 . 1 0 Mr . Cooper 2 0 0 Mr . Grindrod ... 0 7 0 Mr . Booth ... 0 10 0 Total £ 10 13 0 They are supplied with pens ami paper .
Sent by London Committee to Mrs . Donovan , from January IStli to Juno 10 th . o 8 0 J 3 y Manchester Committee ... 0 0 0 ] 5 y the Council 0 11 0 Leeds , January 31 st 0 15 0 Hochdalc 0 8 0 Mr . Barker 0 5 0 Another source ( per week ) . ... 0 0 0 Mrs . Leach , j > cr London Committee f > 0 0 Mrs . llankin , per London Committee 4 IS 0 Mrs . Clark , ditto , ... ¦* 1- °
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TO THE EDITOR OF THE . VOKTHER . V STAR . gin , —We , the undersigned wives of the incarcerated men now in Kirkdale Prison , send our thanks to the Committee of Manchester for their labours in our behalf . We think they have done their duty as honest men towards each and all of us , as far as they have had it in their power and for which we return our marked thanks botli to them , aud the public at large . At the time the money was sent from Leeds , there was none sent from London , as was stated in tlie Star of the 10 th .
We think it our duty to the raon now acting on the Committee , to make this statement in vindication of their character . The money sent from Leeds was Mrs . Loach fifteen shillings ; Mrs . Donovan fifteen shillings ; Mrs . C . Cropper six shillings ; Mrs . Rsmkin nothing ; but the Manchester Committee voted Mrs . Itankin eight shillings , which justice can only say w . > s right . We remain , sir , Your m uch obliged servants , V . C . Cropper , and Mrs . Uaxiux .
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" M » —; The Morninq Advertiser says ,- " Every door o passage is pregnant with instruction to the patron of be / wars as the beggar marks show that a systeni of freemasonry is followed , by which a beg"av knows whether it will be worth his while to call If a thousand towns are examined , the same marks will be found at every passage en-1 'incG "A Binn VNEST , " says tho Nottingham ' Review , " was recently found in the village of Stapleford , partly composed' of lace edg ings ! Should this n-actice become general , it is confidently antiui-> ated that the warp trade , contrary to the expectaionsof many , will' look up' again . " The daily News declares that the Maidstonc election contests between 1747 and 1 S-17 . cost upwards of £ 150 , 000 ; and , despite this immense expenditure the two factions have , as nearly as possible , enjoyed an equal share of the representation . .
_* . • . !• i \ - ' 1 . 1 1 _ 1 . 1 t * , \ Order is the sanity of the mind , the her . lth . of the body , the peace of the city ,, the security of the State . As the beams to « house , the bones to the microcosm of man , so . ia . order to all things . — Southei / . A WoncESXER publican . - bfi& a , pig only haU-fattcd , which weighs 120 sto . nsu .
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M It . .. . WIIEELEIV B . ; .., '' STARTLING , D 1 . SCLO SUPiES . "—TIIE P'CONNOIIYILLE ESTATE TO TIIE ED 1 T 0 II OF--THE-NOTTINGHAM RKV 1 EW . SJR , —Our attention having been drawn to two articles which laieJy appeared " in your J > hper , and in which our names are mentioned , and as " wo are there reported to have made certain statements , wo trust to-your sense of justice to allow ms , on behalf oi ourselves and brother allottees , the opportunity oi correcting the mistatements and exaggerations of . n 7 « p ?> lTesi ) 0 ndents - Noir » Sir , from . the writing « ! , „ ' ? i ' < l to expect something terrible , . 18 jiQ speaks of "The cxti . imft . frtllv ! ln , i «« .. (»«« ^
wiclceJuess of Mr . O'Connor in propounding the scheme . JJut , after an attentive perusal , had be not wilfully misrepresented the conversation lie ' held with some of us , ttc should hare been content to hare treated' ins bombastic ratings with' contetfipt , ¦ ¦¦ ..- ¦ . .-. > . ¦; .- f The second paragraph supplies us / vrfth the reason of this diastribe ; it js ' ssvideBtly the snarJrag . ot a disappointed partisan , trying to oust'MrvO'Connor from tfoe'i'epTcsentatioH ofirattiughatn . V » in hope ! it wiiryi ?( j . iu > e somethiirj stronger than she' convorsatiras-bovtod by "B ,, * whether theyaifethose of the cotSajjjer ' s' wife , or tiiat * ' specimen o ? rural simplicity / ' whose intellectual 1 abilities enabled him , to State thrvff "'Sum ' num ars ' uibvznnr / urn 'num . 1 ' ' >
We will now" come to the conversation with derrick , which' is marked with thsS- exaggeration fihat runs through She- whole article ( tas > for jnstanse , turning a simple- tri-coloured flajf into a splendid banner ) . But hero the writer has ov&yshot his marli ^ for even if Mcnick / nid stated that "'the occupants were in great distress , brought on by-uheir own imprudence , and theiiabit of . cocking up their little lingers ; " does not ¦* B . "—or Booby—sei that that would be no avgumet-i against Mr , O'Connor or tho practicability of the Land Plan ? and ia the next Paragraph he speaks 1 oi the " magnificent ; , school * house ,- and thirty-six beautiful cottages 1 —I should think more commodious-than any that ' the-allottee * had previously dwelt in- ; " rather a striinje proof
this of " the extreme folly or perverse wicUsedaess " of their founder . Oh , prejudice ! how tbDU dosfc blind the eyes of thy votaries ! We -will pass over the colouring given to his report of tUc other interviews , till we come t& that with Mr . Ileaton , from Wigan , who never , had a daughter , and : therefore could not allude to ' : her ; in tact , the , whole , except in seference to Miv Knott , is a tissue of fabrications , having birth in tho fertile imagination of "B ., " who seems to think tuat he can safely indulge in gencnil&ics . But Mr . " , B , " must not think to get out of is Jiko that ; he lias given the names of other parties , why not of Ihoso whom he states are starving ? . ' Why , because lie cnewat the time it was an unmitigated lio . / IIo
professes great sympathy with- our "deplorable condition ; " why not , then , liave'p » blishedthe names of these persons , that they might have received some tangible proof of the sympathy of the benevolent ? That would have been the conduce of a -philanthropist , but his sympathy ' and censure are alike valueless to 1 us . We 'then come to Tawes , and it is n . fact — and let " B . " make the most of it—that the- parish doctor did visit his child when she bad the-fever ; but it is also a . fact , he did not apply to him ,, but to a private practitioner , who informed him , that in this parish it was the usual practice for all the small ratepayers to have medical advice given them , and that he might as well conform to tlie ordinary custom of this part , especially as he stated that owing to the distance he sould cot come-to visit Ivtv under six shillings pcrjournoy , besides charging : f 6 r medicine ; and , surely , that is better than all tho fiunily being
dependent on the ptu-isfi , as they were- before tiiey came here . As for-Mr . T . M . Wheeler , and his " -startling disclosures ; " was he net aware that political renegades : ive lost to nil sense i-f shame , he might have been tempted to have tried to raise a blush on She cheek of ' B ., " by relating some puniculars coueerning a . trafficking politician of tlie name of lirooksbauk , who h ; u long been hawking his principles—or rather want of principle—in " the political market , and is now willing to give his " literary abilities " to any party that will pay ; and that those abilities are versatile , is evidenced by hisnewspaperartieles , as contrasted with his epistles "To James Brown and other Agricultural Labourers , " written in this style : —" Dear Jem : You are a good brick ; do you remember the jolly drinking bout wo bad at tho School-house ? ' I send you a sl' . p of the Nottingham Review ,, and hope . to have another jolly good fuddle with vou before long ; in the
meantime send me anything you can pick up about O'Connor , aud them poor deluded fellows . " And "Dear Jem , " who it seems is a worthy companion to his correspondent , and has visited the interior of most of the lock-ups in the neighbourhood , declares that , in order to prove that he is a Good Brick , lie will furnish anyone with tales as long as they will find "lush ; " and this is the person to whom " B . " refers nil who may want to know anything about our present condition or future prospects .
Sir , such being the character of one of your correspondents , no " wonder that it was thought "that many would bo disposed to doubt the veracity of his statements , " and tiiorcforu wo have Mi : 11 . lirndbury valiantly coming to tho rescue , aud he , as well as "B . " was so charmed with the beauty of the surrounding scenery , and the general appearance of the Estate , that they both became absolutely noetic . Mr . Bradbury has not hesitated to wiuritiuc truth , for the sake of si linoly rounded period . If , as lift states , Tawes ' s cheek was wan , it is t !; e result of his former occupation in tho unhealthy , factories of Nottingham , ami not tho i-csult of tho pure air of * O'GounorvUlo ; and the best answer to this question is the concurrent tostimviiy of M who knew him ,
on his itrrival , as to his vastly improved personal appearance , and his own declaration , that ho never enjoyed better health or w : n more contented iu h ' is uiiud ; his children , he also declares , aru strong and hearty , the pictured of ruddy health , and with the exception of the one who had tho lover , they have all enjoyed better health than they ever diil at 2 N ' otthigh : iia ; " their wnn and careworn cheeks , and heavy languid glances , " existing only in the imagination of tneir poetic visitor , who must have been thinking of their former condition , when they were the sl .-ivos of tliosu potty fyr .-mfcs who lord it over the eliilili-eu in the factories , and not of their present proud state , as the children of an independent English labourer , who , like the resn
of us , c ; ill no man master , and trust oy a judicious application of our energ ies to t ! ie cultivation of the soil , to be enabled to convince our fellow working men tlmt ' the means of their redemption is iu tl-icii own liiinds whenever they like to turn their attention to the obtitinijiir lliu possossiois of the Xiniul . ijtit both Jh-iidbury and " ]! ., " in t' . iO depth ol their sympathy i ' or what they are p ! o : iso . l to call Taives ' s destitute state , wilfully keep out of sight the fact , that before lie came here to bo a " viutiia to O Connor ' s pcrvor . ro wiuliedncss , " snub v .-as his prosperous condition , that for months ho had been , an inmate of a poor l . iv > * i ); istile , where the food ha now enjoys would have boon considered ; i positive hixtirv ; but it did hod suit their i > m- [ iy * o to : > ie : ! tiu : i this . ' . .
It is true , as stated |> y'M r . L-imbounie , tu : it owing to the dearness of p rovisions on our ii ; ---t .-irriva ) , and the failure of ttio mhiuo ' ero » both yeav .-s wo liiivo had many ditiwultil'S to ( jiitwmte :- ; ami ivih-mv * is the working man or trades : r .. v . ' . « vh ;> cut s ; iy ho h .-ts passed over tlie last two yi-: ii ; i without ditlbsilty ? but be did not s .: y , lioiiher i .-t it mi-, th :: t | ersons with families "ill not bo able to get a ii'ijig hero : wo believe the rovorso to be the i-: ise . -Mr . Bradbury says , he " waa surpi-wcd in know how Mr * House had subsisted for two yoars , it he had not received any remuneratum i ' or Ilis labour ; " thus trying to |> : it a false construction , on his saying that " ' he h : ul not derived any pro lit " —that is , had nut got more than he could tiy day labour , and he omitted tlmt Mr . House suid , whea he went out to work he wtis obliged to partly neglect his own allotment ; so away ity all Mr . Dr ' adbury's comparisons aud inferences when brought to the touchstone of truth .
Iii conclusion , we would recall to his mind tho statements made by him at a public meeting held here during his stay , when he stilted on the-platform that it far surpassed all his preconceived ideas on the question , and that the height of Ins ambition would bo to live and die on such a spot , and in such company , and that his hitost aspnations should bo for the welfare of its founders ; and this , be it remembered , on tlie- third day oi Ilis sojourn amongst us , and aftei ? the interviews with the schoolmaster and Tawes , so pathetically described . Let any unprejudiced person compar .-this statement made iu the presence of the parties , with his letter to a newspaper that he . lnicv we did not visually sec , and they wsil have no hositatiou which te believe . Finally , we shall !>••
glad for those still in doubt to visiJ us , andjudoe . for themselves , as althoughvr . G-aE&c £ ten a- 'iioy ^ i li - the impertinent questions of somo parties , we niw at all times glad to give- any information to persons desirous of knowing- the trath , in order iluic they may improve tho condition of the wovVing classes . " This our expsvkuw ioauh ' .-s v .., c . u o& best acwomjilishcil by their location fm Uio > . md , even thowaU they should have to encounter tho difficult ^* " stated by Brjvishnw and U . to bv tho lot of THOMAS'MERIMffK , JOHN LAMBOUliXS , ¦ RiriiAitD Avisos , Sarah Heaton , Okokoe Pucock , . "William Housk , cliarlks tawk 3 , ijksjamis ks 01 t , Thomas Martin" ' Wuf . ki . kk .
' 1 irOMAS IllKf . A . Vn , Chairman of a lmblie meeting of the a'loUees . Gixnuii ; Wm . Wbeklkb , Hue . O'Connorville , ' June 2 fit ! i , WiV .
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VOL . XII . P . 610 . lOHDON SATHPM MM 3 ft IMO ' pbicb fivkpence op —_ . _ ^ UVaUVU f PJilUAWHI , tfOlUl OV , IQ'Aty . Fire Shillings and Sixpence per Qunrrcr ^ — 1 ^ L— !_! L 1 T" * ' . ' ¦ ... ' * - —¦ ' " * --- '_• ' - 7 ^ ^ tm mam ammamma mmmMm i * KiBm ^ aa * mmmmMalum * mmmmmmmmKM * aa ^ l ^^^^ ri ^ i
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¦ Tut , Fivcxcu expot'ition io . Uimo has already cost Sl . < X > O : W > storli : !; r . ¦ ' . '' ,. ' *"* / ^ M V £ N -MSJ ^ iMmA
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 30, 1849, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1528/page/1/
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