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THE KOETHESH STAR. SATURDAY, JUIiTT 7, 1S-19.
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BRITISH EMPIEE FREEHOLD LAND AND BUILDING SOCIETY. On in Advance your Rent is Saved,—you become jour own Land and Householder.
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CO'6rovrc0ponvent0*
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Pdiroat . —T . S . LoKcoJise , Ee « ., 1 LP . T . WisiEr , Eso ., M . P . B . B . ( Ubbell , Esq ., 1 LP . L . J . TIaksABD , Esq ., M . P . Banfccr&—Ihe Commercial Bank of London ( Branch ) , G , Henrietta Street , Covent Garden . London . OJux ^ - ^ q . 13 , Tottenham Court , Xew Road , St l ' ancras , London . —Dakiel Wiluam Ruffs , Secretary . Abbaxged is Three Sections . -Talue of Shares and Payments for Investors . jPull Share .. -. £ 120—payment of 2 s . Sd . « Week , or 10 s . 6 d . per Month . ifcrffShare .. .. CO — 1 2 i — 5 3 — Quarter Share .. .. 30 — 0 7 | — 2 8 — Applicants are requested ft ) state in their form the Section they desire to be a Member of . XogSowtioiis ' , sonorous * , or Repshptios Fees . —The present Entrance Fee , including Certificate , Rules , &c , is 4 s . per Share , and 2 s . 6 d . for any part of a Share . Trice of Kales , including Postage , Is . i OBJECTS .. . 1 st . —To enable members to % aaa Dwelling Houses . 5 th . —To give to Depositing Members a higher rate of Inmwase&Oiamper&eaor&anO . ^ Children , or Husbands for their Wives , or for Marriage Sri—To advance Mortgages on Property held by settlements . JSeiabers . 7 th . —To nurcbasa apiece of Freehold land of sufficient 4 th . —To enable Morteagors being members to redeem value to give a legal title to a County Vote for Members of \ ar Mortgages . " Parliament - Seciio \ L—Byiidining this section every person hi town or country can become the proprietor of a House and Land Si his own neighbourhood ) -without "being removed from his friends , -connexions , or the present means himself and family xoav have of gaiifinS -a . livelihood . Section fi . —To raise a capital by shares to purchase Estates , erect Dwellings thereon , and divide tho Land into « Hotments * froiH ifca ] f-an . acre uptvards , in or near the towns of the various branches of the society . The property to be the bona fide freehold of the member after a term of years , from the date of location , according * o his subscriptions . Sscnox JU- —Savu ^ or Deposit sect ion , in which members not wishing to purchase are enabled to invest small sums , Xeceiving intesist at the rate « f five per cent per annum ^ on every sum of 10 s . and upwards so deposited . U . B . — £ ? 50 -wili be advanced to the members of the first Section in July next , when all persons who have and may tecorne members for Shares , or parts of Shares , on or before the 4 th of July next , aud who pay six months' subscriptions in advAace , or otherwise , will be eligible for an advance . '
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ritOTECTED BY KOTAL LETTERS PATENT . D 5 . LG € ! OCK'S FEMALE WAFERS , Have no Taste of Medicine , And are the -only remedy recommended to be taken by Ladies . They fortify the Constitution at all periods of life , and m all Xcrvous Affections act like a charm . They xemove Heaviness , fatigue on Slight Exertion , Palpitation of the Heart , Lomiess of Spirits , Weakness , and allay pain . They creste Appetite , and remove Indigestion , Jieart-Tjurn . " V . " ind , Jlead Aches , Giddiness , &c In Hysterical Diseases , a proper perseverance in the use of this * . Medicine will be found to effect a cure after all other means had failed . 43 ? " . Full Direetfons are given with every bos . Note . —These Wafers do not contain any Mineral , aud ma v be taken eiOier dissolved in water or whole .
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IXSTAXT-EASE-J ^ iSUXG CCKE . rnoeu 5 . DerPiac . tat . THUSTDE'S ENAMEL , J ? 0 R FILLING J 3 JbtZCAYIXC TEESH , .. and . RENDERING THEM SQTJSliisSD PAI 5 LESS . ias ,. fironi its unquestionable es celiencc . ^ &taincd great popularity , at home and abroad Its curses agency is base 4 =. Bpen . a JRUE THEORY of tlw cause of j&oth-Ac&c , and ience-. its gre ? t success . Bj most other remedies it is srught to . kill the nerve , and so stop the j-sin . Bat to destroy . ihe . nerve is itself a very painful oj > e ?^ iioii . and often Ltddsio very sad consequences , for the tootb > fcen becomes a ilead ^ ubstance . in the Itang jaw , and pro&a ; es the same amount pf inflammation and pain as woultW' -siultfroin . any C'tbcrforeighbo ^ y embedded arssnat ££ gS £ ^^ S 8 TOOTn , completely protects t 3 i » nero from cofe heat , or chemical or otli ^ agency by wh k 3 i ; BaiE is caused . By followinsthe diretititES . INSTANT JEAiE as obtains ^ , and a LASTING CURS i&Hows . Fall dnsfrnetions accempany every packet . ¦ _ . . _ , , t ™ .. ™ ,, ™
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NOTICE . THE 2 vEW 3 ( 3 ASTLE - UPOIf - TYNB A BRASCII OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY suggests the utility of caj ^ n ^ a CONFERENCE , and that thesaia Conference take i « o consideration the i-educinr the number of directors to tttO ,
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THE ilElCBERS OF THE LEEDS BRANCH of . the NATIONAL J&AXD COMPANY are requested to bring ^ eir Cards and jfcrips to have tliem registered . -. The Cansmittee meet every night in the Bazaar , from lalf-past Sev « i tp fcalf-psfiEight , unta a , e 2 Gth inst -aP " ™ , - * » General sleeting in the Bazaar , on Uie Sa inst ., wluij } all members are renueslea to attend , ior flje Safigniil Land { Jnmpanv , ffc Ebwtox .
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THE POPULAR REMEDY . DOB'S LIFE PILLS . JL Which are acknowlcged to be all that is required to conquer Disease and Prolong Life . Pair introduced to Sing Charles I—( See "Life and Times of Thomas Parr , " which may be had gratis of all Agents . ) Tlie extraordinary properties ot" this mc ' dichie are thus dcscribeil by aa eminent physician , who says : — " After particular observation of the action of Park ' s Pius , I am determined , in my opinion , that the following are their true properties : — "First—They increase the strength , whUst most other medicines have a -weakening effect upon tlie system . Let any one take from three to four or six pills every twentyfour hours , and , instead of having weakened , they will be found to have revived the annual sphits , and to have imparted a lasting strength to the body . " Secondly— -In their operation they go direct to the disease . After you have taken six or twelve pills you will experience their efiect ; tlie disease upon ^ ou will become less and less by eveiy dose you take ; and if you will persevere in regularly biking Iroin three to six pills every day , your disease vnll speeiiily b » entirely removed from the system
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"KTATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE BENE-1 \ FIT SOCIETV . —We , the undersigned , having accepted tlie office of Trusfees , have been appointed ( by the Directors and Members ) to investigate the accounts of the above Society , from the commencement up to the present period . ' £ s . d . We find the Eeceipts amount to .. .. 348 12 9 J And the Expenditure to .. 301 4 8 | Leaving a Balance of .. .. £ 47 8 1
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CHABEEimLLE , OS ^ ORDSHIRE . Most eligibly siti « s « d , being tlwse miles from STitney , three from Bamntoa , and four fcan Burford , ali-market twsns . TO BE DISPOSED OF , A TWOACKE ALLOTMENT , with entrap from thehjgh road , in . a state of high cultivation , : yye £ ! cropped -nttlf wheat , barley , clover , swede turnips , mWel - wurtzci , potatoes , aid other vegetaWss , &c . ; together with a fine mUch cow , in full milk . For terms , apply by letter , enclosing a postage £ tanip , to Mr . Q . Uiefcmao , tailor , 4 , Salisbury . Ten-ace , Williamstreet , Caledomaivroad , Pentonvj&e , London .
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TO BE SOW , THREE-ACBE ALLOTMENT , a * _ £ X Sing ' s Eed , with enops , consisting of one acre of wheat , naif an acre of early potatoes , half m acre of beans a quarter of an acre of early peas , with a quantity of parsnips , carrots , cabbage , onions , Swede tunripg , black barley , with apple , pear , gooseberry , currant , " and - raspberry trees . It is beautifiilty siiaated , and the crops arc looking extremely welL Price , £ ia . - ° -ippJy (» f by letter , post-paid ) , TIjcbardCosp JIells , near Froine . Somerset ; or ifr . ilxriiav Bnowx , Jfo . -3 , Threeaere Allotments , Snig ' s End . near Gloucester , The reason for selling is ill-health .
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XI 1 E CHEArEST . EDITION EVER ri'ilUSlIED . Price Is . Cd ., A new and eler ant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAINF'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of MB . PCONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . THE LABOURER MAGAZINE . Vols . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , may still be had , neatly bound , price . 2 s . 6 d . each No . 4 , the Number containing Mr . O'Connor ' s ' Treatise on the National Land Company ;" No . 10 , the one containing Mb . O'Connor ' s Treatise " On the National Land and Labour Bank connection with the Land Company : "—- Have lately been reprinted , and may be had on application , Price Gd . each . Imperfections of the ' Labourer Magazine' may still be had at the Publishers .
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In a neat Volume , Price Is . Gd . " The Evidence taken by tlie Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into the National Land Company . " This Volume ouglit to De in the hands of every Memuer of the Company , as it strikingly illustrates the . care and economy that have been practised in the management of the Funds of the Company , and proves , beyond contradiction , the practicability of the Plan which the Company waB established to carry out .
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Just published , Nos . I ., II ., and III ., Price Sixpence Each , ep THE COMMONWEALTH . Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternosterrow , London ; A . Heywood , Oluham-street , Manchesterr and love ana Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And by all Booksellers in Town and Country .
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NOW READY WITH THE MAGAZINES FOR JULY , No . II . of THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , and LITERATURE . : ; . Edited by G . JULIAN HARNEY . COSTESTS t 1 . The Editor ' s Letter to tho Working Classes . 2 . Letter to the Trades : The Land . 3 . Letter ffom Paris : Present Political Aspect and Prospects of France . 4 . Our Inheritance : The Laud common Property Letter II . . 5 . Political and Historical Review—Domestic and Foreign . 6 . Manifesto of the German Red Republicans . 7 . Monarchy . 8 . Speech of Avmand Barbes . 0 . Literature : Hilton ' s Prose Works ; HumboiMs U 6 Smos ; Politics for the Ptople ; < L-c , &c . Fort ? PAGES «( in a coloured wrapper ) , Price
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PORTRAIT OF G . W . M . REYNOLDS . A favourable opportunity now presents itself for new subscribers to begin taking in REYNOLDS'S MISCELLANY ; inasmuch as No . 55 , published yesterday , commences a new ( the Third ) Volume of this highly popular and incomparably cheap work . Number 55 contains a Portrait of the Editor , GEORGE W . M . REYNOLDS , drawn by Henry Anelay from the original oil-painting by Henry Parkman , and engraved by E . Hooper . The same number likewise commences a new and onginalTalc , entitled , " Isabella ; or , the Adventures of a Nun ;" beautifully illustrated with wood- ^ ngravinjjs .
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IMPORTANT NOTICE TO ALL DEMOCRATS . Now readv , the July number of THE " OXBRIDGE SPIRIT OF FREEJL DOM , AND WORKING MAN'S VINDICATOR . A monthly journal devoted to the advocacy of the rights of the woVking classes . Price , One Penny . Conducted by Working Men . All profits arising from the . sale of this journal will be given to the Victim Fund or Executive . Contents of this Number . To the Thousand and One Popes . —Robespierre . — " Mind your own Business " . —The Monopoly of the So : ! . —Saith the Voice Truly !—Government . —Why do the people view . vith apathy the Institution of Religion ? — Struggles of Freedom . —Review , &c . N . B . —A reprint of No . 2 and 3 is now ready . Watson , Queen ' s-head-passage , Paternoster-row , and E . Truelove , John-street , Tottcnham-conrt-road , London ; Peavee , Windsor ; Cook , Sim ' s-alley , Bristol ; Redrup , Uxbridste , and all booksellers .
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'' The Voice of the People is the Voice of God !" " TO TOUR TESTS , O ! CHABTISTS !" The Chartists of Lancashire and Yorkshire are respectfully informed that the A NNUAL CAMP MEETING , XX Usually held at Blnckstone Edge , will be held AT BASIN-STONE , NEAR TODMORDEN , Ox Sunday , July 15 th , 1819 , Chair to be taken at One o ' clock precisely . The following Gentlemen will attend and address the Meeting : — Feakcus O'Coxxoit , Esq ., M . P . for Nottingham ; M . De St . Hilaire , M . A ., Member of the National Assembly of France ; Messrs . S . Ktdd , Secretary of the National Charter Association of Great Britain and Ireland ; W . Xixo . v , late a Political Prisoner in Kirkdale Gaol ; aud C . Shackletos . , of Queen ' s Head .
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TO BE DISPOSED OF , A FOUR-ACRE ALLOTMENT , well XI situated on the Broinsgrove Estate . Application to be made ( post-paid ) to Mr . Sami ,, Eootf-HAM , 144 , High Holborn .
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TO BE SOLD ( CHEAP ) , A TAID-TJP FOUR-ACRE SHARE in the National Land Company . Communications to be addressed to A , B ., at tlie Office of the Company , 144 , High Itolborn .
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THE TEN HOURS BILL . IXTBttVIGW BETWEEN THE EMPLOYERS AND THE Employed . —On Saturday evening last an interview took place at the Albion Hotel , Manchester , between the niiitowTiers and the delegates from the manufacturing districts , to discuss their mutual interests / and to come to an understanding on the working' of the Ten Hours Bill . Tlie chair was taken by Mr . Hind-• > ' . . £ , lkanal 1 Armitage , Mr . T . Bazley , and Mr . Lewis Williams were present . The meeting , which was a very large one , was actuated by a spirit of conciliation , and conducted with the best feeling . The chairman and the gentlemen above-named explained . their sentiments at considerable length , and professed their willingness to concur in the views of the operatives . Mr- Samuel Fielden also spoke at some uivfid
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IWIIIIW —___ Thb Poor and ? se Public Baths . —At a lato meeting &i the dil'eeioi' 6 of the JJorth-wesfc District Baths , it was reported that the number of bathers since the opening of the fistablishmenfc , in 1846 , to the date of the report , was 310 , 355 . The poor persons whose linen had been . washed and dried amounted to 537 , 4 S 0 . The department for supplying the poor with lime and other disinfecting agents for cleansing asd purifying theip dwellings , and lending them pailaandbi'ushos , was opened January 1 , 1848 , and up to this , period there Jiavo been cleansed , lime-washed , an » ol-berwiso purifed , 2 , 762 apartments . '
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J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums ( sent herewith ) , i ' oi * the Victim Fund , viz : —Mr . Moss , Cd . ; Mr . Smith , Cd . ; Mr . Chipendale , 6 d . Kirkdale PrasoNEits . — Received by Thos . Ormcsher :-Chorley , per Thos . Welch , Is . ; Prestwich , Mr . Fenton , 10 s . ; Liverpool , S . W ., 5 s . ; Hebden Bridge , Mr . Mann , 3 s .: Tqduiovden , Richard Barker , 9 s . j Cheltenham , John vSTimiw- ' P . Roberts , Esq ., solicitor Manchester , has received from a lew friends : it Unsworth , 4 s . Gd . ; a friend at Leicester , Is . GoV emiiwmvi w » A . IIksdeksos . Newton Moor , near Hy de-Send w oi d . ^ e
know nothing about it . Mr . W . Stokes , Gretton .-Received . , . . . r 1 ner Mr . J . Stbhibnsox , Craigneen .-The price is Is . Gil . per copy for the evidence . The postage would cost «• ¦ Mr . jf Skevincton , Loughborough-Willbeg ladtoreccne subscriptions for any of the National Funds . To the Editor op the Northern 8 TAB .-8 ir . -In repjy to Mr . J . Arnott , the respected secretary to the London Victim Commute , I beg to inform him that I have yet to learn that Dr . M'Douall was either classed , tried , or convicted with White , Leach , West , or Donovan ; consequently , the sentences complained of by Mr . A ., could not , ami did not , apply to him .-I am , Sir youvs m irateraity . il . W . JJokman . -Ventnor , Isle of Wight , July 3 .
The Koethesh Star. Saturday, Juiitt 7, 1s-19.
THE KOETHESH STAR . SATURDAY , JUIiTT 7 , 1 S-19 .
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THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER . Organic Reforms arc in the highest degree distasteful to the aristocracy , and the ruling classes-of this country . To paltry peddling measures of detail—chipping off a piece here , and gluing it on there ; rubbing down an excrescence , or filling up a hole with putty—they have no objection . But "The British Constitution" is unanimously pronounced by them to be perfect in its main principles , exquisitely proportioned in its leading outlines , and upon the whole so well adapted to secure for everybody what Lord John Russell calls "temperate liberty , " that they feel bound to deprecate all proposals for re-constmction ^ in accordance with sound first principles , or in . harmony with the increasing intelligence and ' new wants of the age , as a species of sacrilege .
This kind of Wind idolatry constitutes the most powerful obstacle to national progress . It opposes even greater resistance than the active hostility of interested and selfish parties , who benefit by the cibuses generated by this vaunted "British Constitution . " Thegreatmass of the middle classes—perhaps , we may . fairly say , of all classes—arc content to take their opinions upon trust . They arc imperceptibly influenced by the active aid superior intellects in their own circle . Besides , self-love—or , as the phrenologists call it , '' self-esteem ' ' —never takes so seductive a form as when it assumes the shape of patriotism , or love of country ;
" Breathes there a man with soul so dead , AVho never to himself hath said , ' This is my own , my native land ! ' " The result of these mingled influences is , that while lynx-eyed as to the defects of the Constitutions and Institutions of other nations , we become mole-eyed with reference to our own—nay , admire deformities as beauties . Whoever undertakes the part of a Radical Reformer must prepare himself to grapple with , and overcome this vis inertia . In proportion to the magnitude of the change proposed , will be the extent of the exertion , and the
length of time required to cilect it . And , although—to those who arc bearing the heat and burden of the day— -it may seem hard that justice should be so long delayed—that mankind should array themselves in opposition to their own best interests—that obloquy , persecution , and imprisonment , should be the fate of those who earnestly seek the enfranchisement and the happiness of all their fellowcitizens ; yet , in the end , it will be found that this process is not only the guarantee of ultimate success , but of the permanence of the
change when once it is effected . Things of quick growth fall and fade away as quickly . The oak , which requires n century to bring it to maturity , defies the storm for hundreds of years . They who would ho instrumental in conferring enduring benefits upon society , must be prepared to exhibit patient , unwearied , inccssaut perseverance—through that alone can the goal bo reached . For some fourteen years CHARTISM has been an out-door question . During that period it has experienced many fluctuations . The indiscretion and the
desertion of its professed advocates—the prosecutions and proscriptions of the Governmentthe rise of other more popular and pressing questions , supported by wealth , intellect , and powerfully organised associations—have , in their turn , contributed to weaken the ranks of its friends , to cast odium upon the cause , and to divert public attention from the subject . Yet , despite all those obstructions and difficulties , it has steadily progressed . The middle class and half-way movement , headed b ) Mr .
Hume , is an incontrovertible and striking proof of that fact , Parliamentary Reform is clearly becoming the question of the day . The numerous and influential meetings which now take place for its furtherance , and at which the middle and working classes—without any sacrifice of their own peculiar principles and objects—cordially aud frankly pledge themselves to co-operate , as far as they mutually agree , are most gratifying indications that , at no distant day , a large and efficient measure must he carried .
" ¦ " xv ot the least satisfactory or gratifying of these indications of approaching triumph , was the debate upon Mr . O'Conkoh's motion , on Tuesday night . In the first place , the fact that there was a debate at all , proved that the question has at length gained such a footing , that however much they might disliko it , members did not dare to refuse its advocates a hearing . A very short time since , "No House , " or a " Count Out , " would have been the inevitable consequence of such a motion being on the paper for a Tuesday night . The first expedient to evade a discussion , was not attempted ; tho second , though tried , did not succeed . The debate though short , was full ; aud , as far as argument went , triumphantly in favour of the motiou . Only fifteen members voted for it , it is true ; but Chartism , from that moment , took up a position within Parliament which must be maintained in future by a prudent , bnt firai policy . The units must bo multiplied by ton , and then by twenty ; and the means of doing so are in the hands of the Chartists themselves , if they will hut avail themselves of them . Argument , discussion , " constitutional agitation , " pertinacious perseverance , and rigorous attention to the register , are certain to conquer at last . ¦¦ ..
Besides this certainty of ultimate success , there is great immediate benefit to be derived from the presence of an active extreme party in the political field . The views of the moderate middle-class reformers will find more favour in the eyes of many timid persons than they otherwise would do if they were the only proposals before the public . There must always be a bug-boar in the back-ground to frighten such people , and in the hope of es caping from the dreaded Chartists , and of arresting the demand for Parliamentary 'Reform , not a few will be glad to make terms with the middle-class party , juul to give their support to the modified policy of that party . It is unnecessary to suggest the consequence .
One peculiar and distinguishing feature of the debate was that it compelled the opponents of the Charter to grapple with first principles , Mr . O'Connor laid down certain abstract propositions as the basis of his practical measures . In this there was a wide contrast to the ordinary procedure of Members of Parliament . It would almost seem as if they studiously avoided all reference to first principles , and considered that the prime recommendation of any legislative measures is the want of such an ingredient in their composition ' . . . ' . The opposition to the abstract propositions enunciated'by the'Jioij . and learned member
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for Nottingham , as the starting point of . his argument , was singularly weak and inconclusive . Unablo to prove that these propositions were untrue , tho opponents of the motion had recourse to the invaluable expedient in such cases , of conjuring up a series ot dangerous consequences that would ensue it tney were admitted and acted upon . According to such people the admission of truth m tne abstract , and its practical app lication to the business of life . « would be one of the greatest
evils that could befal humanity . Mr . Campbell , a son of " Plain John , " now known as Lord Campbell , who , when Attorney-Lreneral , boasted that he had " laid Chartism , was the first to try conclusions with Mr . O'Connor on principle . We say the first , for we do nof perceive anything pertinent OV cogent in the speech of Mr . M . J . O'Conxell . Mr . Campbell is evidently working hard to ffota place under the Government , and distinguished himself by the ultra Whig views he gave utterance to in opposition to Mr Hume ' s motion last month . On this occasion , finding
that the g host of that Chartism his father had laid so many years ago , was rising to push him from his stool , and mindful of his University reputation for manufacturing a logical thesis , Mi-. Campbell condescended to show the hon . and learned member for Nottingham two ways by which he might have maintained his position . He should , ( said ¦ Mr . Campbell , ) have shown either " that pure democracy was a system g ood and excellent in itself , or that democracy was not productive of public happiness (!) , but that England was an exceptional community ,
and that which might work e vil for all other nations must produce unmixed good for this country . " But , unfortunately , Mr . O'Coxkor had not thought proper , to compose a treatise of this description , and Mr . Campbell added , that " though many of his arguments might be sound in theory—or apparently so , yet they were pointedly , peculiarly , and perilously inapplicable to the condition of England , for iti t / iis country toe liad an established chusch , an ancient aristocracy , and a large public debt . " It is almost impossible to tell which to admire most—the naivete of such an avowal , or the
simplicity which induced the speaker to use such an argument . Observe : It concedes that the Constitution of England is based upon an unsound theory , and proclaims that in this country institutions are , and must be upheld , not for tho benefit , happiness , and prosperity of the whole community , but simply and solely to maintain the " Established Church , " the ancient aristocracy , and tho monied aristocracy , or fuudholders ! Here is a precious , trinity of blessings , for which the hardworking , honest millions of our fellow countrymen are required to submit to life-long slavery
in order to preserve ! Enough for them to know that in episcopal palaces , cathedrals closes , and snug rectories , o'er all the pleasant laud , there are bishops , deans , prebends , and rectors , living in ease and luxury : enough for them to know that stately castles and mansions are surrounded by magnificent parks and pleasure-grounds , in which dwell the '' ancient aristocracy ; " enough that they are allowed to labour to ¦ enrich the money-lord , and perpetuate a juggle which enables those who deal in the circulating medium to amass millions , at the cost of increasing destitution among the
masses . These arc , according to Mr . Campbe ll , the express objects of English society . It is constituted , directl y and immediately , for the benefit of privileged classes . The people , as of old , are , virtually at least , to be helots" hewers of wood , aud drawers of water ; " and be thankful for such crumbs of nominal'freedom as their lords and masters may deign to throw to them ! Having thus shown the nature and essence of our institutions , Mr . Campbell proceeded to hold up the bugbear of Socialism as the inevitable consequence of the adoption of Mr . O'Connor ' s proposition ; whether that
would he so or not we do not pretend to say , but , really , if even Socialism were the only alternative , we should almost be inclined to accept it as a smaller evil , by far better than that state of society which Mr . Campbell holds up as his btau ideal ; namely , —an Established Church—an ancient aristocracy— 'and , we presume , as a practical consequence of these two—a large public debt ! ' There is , however , no necessary or inseparable connexion between tho political enfranchisement of the masses , and what is termed Socialism . In the United States , at least , tho most liberal
political franchises have not led to Socialism , while the example of the same States demonstrates that " p ure democracy is a system good and excellent in itself . " Not that'it produces " unmixed good . " Neither Mr . O'Connor , nor any other advocate of the Charter , ever made such an assertion as that ; It is merely the coinage of Mr . Campbell ' s own brain—a common rhetorical artifice of setting up men of straw for the purpose of knocking them down , and producing the impression that the speaker has been successful in his arguments , when , in fact , he has been speaking wide of the real . question , aud controverting propositions that were never laid down by his opponents . Mr . W . J . Fox , in his admirable , lucid ,
aud well-reasoned speech , forcibly explained the difference between extreme democracy and representation , which was tho object aimed at by Mr . O'Connor's motion . " It was , " ho said , " that union of popular influence and popular satisfaction , with the exorcise of practical wisdom and far-sighted views , which all friends of good government must strongly desire ; " ' and he added , with reference to an ancient church , an ancient aristocracy , and a powerful monied interest , that so far from these being reasons why the motion was peculiarly unfit for this country , that they " were the very reasons which showed the want of some popular principle , to . create some balance to these mighty interests . "
The Prime Minister , in his elaborate reply to Mr . O'Connor , was less flippant and arrogant in style and manner than wlien speaking on Mr . Hume ' s motion , but the spirit was the same . After explaining away his celebrated "finality" speech in a manner which , rightly interpreted , simply meant '' I will do nothing if not pressed—I will do as much and no more than the pressure at any given time requires , " he proceeded to criticise what he denominated " . principles of no little danger , and propositions of no little doubt . " He admitted ' that labour was the source of all
wealth , and that the people arc tho only source of legitimate power , but , like Mr . Campbell , he has a great antipathy to tho practical application of sound first principles or correct abstract theories . " Therefore , " said he , " there is some difficulty about the corollary that 'the labourer shall be the first partaker of the fruits of his industry ;'" and having given a -one-sided , description of the social theories prevalent in -France , he continued : "If that is tho proposition of the Hon . Member , and it seems more to have that meaning than any other , ifc is a most democratic and dangerous doctrine . " "Dangerous" to whom ? Not , surely , to the labourer . To him it would give that fair
participation in the results of his toil which is denied him under tho present system . It might be -dangerous . to the idler who robs hiai , and who lives in luxury while the hibout'cr . starves in the midst of the wealth ho has . created .. But that is precisel y the object of the motion ; and however democratic the proposition may be , " it is , at all events , -pve-emhiGwiry a scriptural and a Christian one . If Lord John has road the Now Testament—and WQ believe he prides himself somewhat on liitt evangelical knowled ge and tendencies—he must remember that Mr . O'Connor ' s proposition is almost word for word that of . tho highest authority in the Christian Church .. In refusing to assent to it , Lord John therefore denies the faith Uc professes , and
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places the interests of the aristocratic class tc which he belongs , above not onl y the welfare of the whole community , but of the plain dictates of that Christianity which it is said is " part and parcel of the law of the land . '' Lord John then objected to the term "Universal " as applied to the Suffrage , which would exelude women , an objection which , th » u « h of no great wei ght in itself , might be easily obviated , by adopting the distinct and appropriate term "Manhood ; " and next objected to the term " slave , " as applied to those who have no vote . In his opinion , there is no more abstract right to be a voter than a judge or a juryman .
The difference between , the two cases is so obvious , that a child can see it , and it proved , how hard pushed his lordship was for argument , when he uttered such puerility . His great objection , however , was that the adoption oJ the motion would really give tho people power in their own branch of the legislature According to his own account of the working of our much lauded "Constitution , " it is a huge piece of humbug . If the Sovereign , or the House of Lords , or the Commons , were to exorcise their undoubted prerogatives , " Our Constitution , " says Lord John , " could not last a month !"
A strange confession from so doughty a , defender of the " Constitution , " and a more powerful argument for its amendment than any urged , even by the supporters of the motion . The Premier admitted , for the second time , that "Equal Electoral Districts" is , an intelligible , and on the face of it , a fair proposition , but he doubted whether it would destroy the power of tho aristocracy . Be it so . We will take the chance , and , oil the other hand , as Lord John thinks " the influence , of persons possessing considerable property would be felt in elections , almost ;
as much as it is at the present moment /' he can' have no objection to that at least . But his lordship sees something peculiarly calculated to represent all the great interests of the nation in . our present system . ... . It is true that it throws the major portion of the electoral power into the hands of the minority , and returns a preponderance of one interest—the agricultural . It is true that it maintains constituencies so small that they form nurseries for the most shameless and infamous scenes of bribery and corruption . It is true , also , that six out
of every seven . a d ult men , are deprived of any direct participation in tho first and most sacred , right of citizenship ; yet for all that Lord John has the hardihood to declare , " that the existing system is better than that proposed to be substituted for it , notwithstanding the apparent discrepancy . " In conclusion , the noble lord referred to late events in France , and drew from them a warning against the adoption of the motion . This is a common trick now-adays—so common , that we are inclined to think it is stale . Even on their own showing , Universal Suffrage , in France , gave a
Conservative and Reactionist majority . It remains to be seen whether a different result would take place in this country . But whether it was so or not , that should not deter us from demanding , for all our follow citizens , the power of acting upon their own honest convictions . Lord John , at the close of his speech , gave up the whole case when he said — "Ibe ~ lieve that it would be admntagious to the country 'if a greater number of the working classes were in possession of the Suffrage and able to
take part in the election of representatives . '' That admission should never bo forgotten . If he objects to tho mode in which the Chartists aud the Eume party propose . to give this povrer to the working classes , we have a right to insist that , as Prime Minister , he wilfdo what he admits " would bo advantageous to the country , " and bring forward a measure of his own . Loss than that the country ought not to be satisfied with , after such a declaration .
Mr . Hume deserves credit for the frank and ready support he gave to the motion . It -will , we have no doubt , tend to accelerate the progress of the movement out of doors , and to unite the middle and working classes more cordially than they have been for many years . Mr . Thompson and Mr . TV . J . Fox made admirable speeches , while as to the trimming and shuffling of such renegades as Mr . Muxtz , —the Chartist member of the Convention of 1037 , who in 1849 voted as a member of Parliament against the Charter—the less said the better . The people have good memories , and will not fail to . distinguish at the proper time between real and sham Mends .
The thin end of the wedge has been inserted . All that is necessary in future is , that the Chartists throughout tho empire shall perfect their organisation and continuously avail thomselves of every legitimate opportunity of influencing public opinion , of urging the question upon the attention of Parliament The able , exhaustive , and powerful address of Mr . O'Connor evidently produced a very considerable impression upon the House . If the hon . and learned gentleman is well supported out of doors , aud is enabled to pursue the same determined and steady course within Parliament , we feel confident thatinafew years public opinion on this grout question will have attained such strength and consistency , that the
admission of the people to the enjoyment of their political rights will become a matter of course—oneof those " great facts" which from time to time are recorded m our national history , as the inevitable sequence of a ceaseless struggle tor bettor institutions and a more eqiii table diffusion of prosperity among tho whole people . In the progress of a firm but temperate agitation for this object , all classes will get better educated , the rich and powerful classes will bo disabused of their prejudices aud misapprehension , and the unenfranchised classes will be acquiring that preliminary training which is best fitted to enable thorn to exercise political power with benefit to themselves and the country at large . Courage , then—Onward ! " THE CHARTER . AND NO SURRENDER !" Other Parliamentary business must wait for notice , our space is exhausted this week .
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DR . M'DOUALL'S WRIT Otf . EEROlt . Deaii Rider , —When I saw Cobbott last ho informed me that it was doubtful whether lie could get : i barrister to move for my Writ of Error . I told him . to go on , as far as . he could , but not to throw away the money needlessly . 1 do not know whether you have sent hini all " tho money or not . I hope not , as I cangct neither explanation , letter , nor account from him . I am much surprised and grieved to-tliink that Mr . Cobbett should behave in this manner , as I havcalwaysconsidcralhiinto hc-an honourable man ; but , considering his profession , it docs seem difficult to find honour amongst
lawyers . According to all appearances Mr . Cobbett has rlone nothing , except visit mo twice , write a few letters , and consult with his brother James . If he thinks himself entitled to £ 20 for that duty , then 1 differ with him , and am entitled not only to an account , but likewise to tax his bill of costs . Tho dilemma , however , that I find myself in , and of which ho takes advantage , is , that although the client , I did not pay him the money , Now iioti aro the person who can alone- legally doiiuuid an account ; and I wish to know if you are disposed to insist upon an explanation of the expenditure of the money sent to Mr . Cobbett .
Let m ' e hear from you , and mention what success you have had . Consult with Mr . Harney about the matter , and tell him my condition has been muck improved , and that he will hear from me before lori o' Yours very truly , , ; ,,, ¦ , 1 \ M . M'DOUAU . Ivirkdalc , July 4 , 1 S-19 .
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TO THE EDITOR OP ! TllE NORTnEHN STAR . Thursday Evening , Julys , is 49 . * ni '~ 7- em'ytlun < r connocted with the cause Of Ohartism OUglit to be done openly , I be * tou will lot me have a small space for tiro or three remarks upon a letter just received from Dr . MDouall . The letter I hand you to precede vhis , Jt deemed necessary .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 7, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1529/page/4/
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