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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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place , I proceed to furuisa you with an abstract of myreceipts and expenditure from taking possession until the present time . * 3 ¦ - ' SIS Si * ^ -fe § fc S . 11 " I' ¦¦ a-» fS . 1 . B 5 22-a m I ' ll " 5 1 ft -5 a s s ¦ * II •* J || «~ ST-. ' so ,. ^ aJ 5 = 2 " S ^ a rt ^ =- * *^ S 5 ?> "i - ^ «* JJ Illl | li til S ^ . - ffg- - "' ¦ 3 * "I" I' ra I = » » -ci - « . I I 'I °° = I < aS » Ja > I "* - ^ lo : | I *» S °° Ith I * - o I — . 1 I" 1 I ¦ Sl " > >•* 1 ^ § lSll-j . a , _ I I •¦ 'll < 3 » • • 53 = = 3 2 . cas ^ g s 5 . « gJS 3 > . i ? g . g ^ 2 2 1 | p » i § s . ¦ ssi tsi •; . I -S ^ aiS 5 S 2 io 5 = 5 2 " -p-. il 3 - « als •§ § 111 ! 1 Ill il d * — a . 5-3 = » ^ -3 < o ~ o-s 2 s °° . a s | ll i . | | i sHriii - :- § -. pitfll i lifllj 111 r ^ I proc ^ tofun ^ hyquwia an abstract ofl
In the above statement is not included the value of my own labour , which I hare bestowed , with littleintemption , but , 11 ) 01 % assert , with much assiduity , since June , 184 S , the period at which I left an employment of fourteen years in london and have since devoted myself to the cultivation of my allotment . The value of my labour I place as a set-off against that of my growing crops . But there is another item , which I Save not yet given—-viz ., that -which I gave for the right of location . Thus , then , will stand the account between me and mv allotment : — . -,. " . ' ' £ s . ' d . By amount of purchase . . SI 0 0 By balance of Aidmoney had tymypredecessor COO By balance due tome on general account . C 2 14 Si
Total . . . . 102 u si The hooks from which the foregoing abstracts have been taken I am willing to submit to examination , in order to test then * accuracy . . And now , gentlemen , the amount of money here Set forth as expended , comprises the savings of many years of strict economy and rigid frugality . Will you , by stamping my industry with legal security , give enconragement to perseverance in the employment of these virtues , or , by disregarding my obvious claims to justice , and also those of my fellowallottees , deprive me and them of incentives to future industry and other excellencies , make us the laughing stock of our opponents , and damn the lopes of our fellow working-men ? In your hands , gentlemen , is placed the morality of my future character , and that of the characters of my fellow allottees . ' ¦ "With all that deference which a man shouldfeel in the enunciation of his opinions , and that respect which is due to a body of men representing ; the interests and wishes of so many thousands of my fellow men , I subscribe myself , Gentlemen , Tour very obedient and humble servant , THOMAS IbEIAXD . O'Connorrille , Kickmanswortb , Herts , July 23 .
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THE CHARTIST EXILES . TTe understand that on Tuesday morning last , Messrs . Cueeay , Lacey , Pat ^ Kixchie , and Dowixsg , arrived in London from Wakefield Convict Prison , and "were immediately pnt on board the Adelaide transport , at Woolwich . Mtjlijxs , who , from the time of his conviction , las remained first in Millbank , and then in Pentonville Prison , was also placed on board the Adelaide . On "Wednesday afternoon , the transport ship , towed hy a steam-tug , left "Woolwich for Portland . It is stated that by the end of this , or the beginning of next -week , the Adelaide wiUleave Portland for Port Philip .
We are informed on good authority , that on their arrival at Port Philip , the exiles will each he famished with a ticket of leave . They will he at liberty , hut "will have to provide for themselves , and should they be put on * shore , in a destitute condition , they may he worse off than they have been even as prisoners . "We have every reason to believe that each and all are absolutel y without the means of procuring clothing and other
necessaries , "when they quit then" convict dress and prison fare . "We consider it a duty to make these facts known , that the public may render that assistance to these unfortunate men so urgently demanded by their wants . Monies may he forwarded to the Victim Committee . Orders to he made payable to " Mr . James Grasshy , 98 , Eegent-street , Lambeth , Surrey . " The Committee will see to the safe forwarding of the money received , "We trust that the friends of Humanity will exerf themselves in behalf of the infamous Powell ' s ¦ rictiras .
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~ .-LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES . LIV . " Words are things , and a small drop of ink Falling—like dew—upon a thought , produces That which makes thousands , perhaps millions think . " BTB 0 Ni ' " ~ LETTkb . s .
HUNGARY . Brother Proletarians , — I am exceedingly unwell , and therefore illfitted to address you this -week , but however few my words , I must inYokeyour co-operation in the good work so nobly commenced in the metropolis—the holy work of aiding the Hungarians in their glorious struggle for independence and free institutions .
It is true that the resolutions passed at the great meeting at the London Tavern were not up to the mark , hut I can affirm from personal observation , that the great body of the people present were fully so . The resolutions , while denouncing the crimes of the Austrian and Russian tyrants , and calling on the British Government to recognise the independence of Hungary , stopped short of demanding that which can alone effectually serve the Hungarians—aesied intervention in then * behalf . But twice in the course of . the
proceedings—first by Mr . Reynolds , and subsequently by myself—the meeting was tested as to the extent and earnestness of its sympathies for the HungariaHs ; and twice with thundering , and seemingly unanimous shouts , the assembly echoed the demand for War ! Deducting the moral-force sympathisers , I am persuaded that the immense majority of that meeting would have sanctioned stronger and more effective resolutions , had such been brought forward ; hut I proposed no amendment because I felt that to have done so would
have created confusion and division , which would have delighted the Times and the other enemies of the Hungarian cause , including the agents , spies , and tools of the Russian and Austrian despots , of whom there are no lack in this metropolis . 3 JNotwithstanding the comparative tameness of the resolutions , and the nonsensical sentiments of some of the speakers , the meeting of Monday was a glorious demonstration of public feeling in behalf of the Hungarians . Although held at mid-day , the spacious hall was most uncomfortably over-crowded , and
hundreds went away unable to gain admission ; moreover , although " the meeting lasted" five hours , the people remained , and the hall continued densely crowded until the Chairman quitted the chair . I rejoice that I was present at that meeting—not appointed ( as you may be sure ) by the " noble" and "honourable " members of the Committee to take part in its proceedings , I was called upon to do so hy the voice of the people , and so was afforded an opportunity of representing the principles , the sympathies , and tho wishes of the English Proletarians , on the side of Hungary , Humanity , and Freedom .
The meeting on the following evening in the John-street Institution , was , in every respect , vp to the mark . The resolutions , while censuring the Government for basely permitting , or conniving at , the subversion of the Roman Republic by the French brigands , demanded a better and a bolder course in relation to the HuHgarian question—even , if need were , the course of WAR . The speeches delivered corresponded to the resolutions ; and the enthusiastic responses of the closely-packed meeting —which extended fceyond the doors into the
street—were most heart-cheering to all who , like myself , are heart and soul with the Hungarians . Yet no report—not a mere notice even—of that meeting appeared in the daily papers , although the Committee sent copies of the placards announcing the meeting to all the daily journals , to which I added an announcement on the previous day at the London Tavern , in the hearing of a dozen reporters . But our announcement was not sufficiently " respectable "— -we had no titled names on our placards . Thus it is that the popular voice is stifled by the infamous Press-gang .
But this conduct of the Press must not discourage you , nor induce you to neglect your duty . Only let your meetings be general , repeatedly held , and numerously attended , and the Press will , ere long , be forced to record your proceedings . As Parliament is about to close you must , instead of petitioning , memorialise the Government to recognise the independence of Hungary , and insist upon the
withdrawal of the Russian and Austrian forces from that country . Send your memorials to Lord Palmehston , for presentation to the Queen ; and take care in those memorials to let LordPALJiERSTON and his Colleagues see , that whilst you cherish Peace , you still more dearly cherish Justice , and are resolved that Hungary shall not be Polandised without an effort , on the part of this country , to save her from so terrific a doom .
I have spolcen of certain nonsensical sentiments given utterance to at the London Tavern . I allude particularly to the original mode of aiding the Hungarians suggested by Mr . Cobdex ; and to the praise lavished in all forms , and by nearly all the speakers , on the wonderful speech delivered by Lord Palmerston on the preceding Saturday , in answer to Mr . Berxal Osborse ' s demand for papers connected with the Russian invasion of Hungary . Mr . - Cobden having "turned his hack upon himself , " by under-rating , as much as he once over-rated , the power and resources of the Russian Government , proceeded to show that that Government could
not carry on a war of even two campaigns without coming to western Europe for a loan ; and his plan of aiding the Hungarians was to exercise some sort of moral coercion to prevent the capitalists lending their cash to Nicholas . "What preposterous absurdity ! Supposing Russia to he as poor and destitute of the sinews of war as Mi . Cobden represents , but which I strongly " question , every man possessing common sense must he satisfied that Nicholas , who could give good security , and would offer high interest , or other
advantageous terms , would find no difficulty m raising a loan to any amount in this country . A safe investment and heavy interest for their cash are the only considerations that ever trouble the money-jobbers of the City . Assured of the one and of the other , they would gladly lend then- cash to the Tsae , even though they knew thathy the aid of that' cash Nicholas would be enabled to cover Hungary with desolation , and reduce her sons to slavery . Gold is their God , and for its sake they would even betray then country to the Cossacks . Cobden ' s " unadorned eloquence" will do nothing
for the salvation of Hungary . As regards Lord Palmerston ' s speech I say to you read it , and then ask yourselves what is therein it which would warrant any sensible person including the " noble lord" in the list of tiie "friends of Hungary 1 " Lord Palmerstox expresses his anxiety for the continued stability of the Austrian Empire , and avows that he would deplore the separation therefrom of Hungary . He has not one word of condemnation of the Russian invasion ; nor does he say that he has protested or will protest , against that monstrous violation of the
law of nationsand the rig hts of the free Hungarian people . All he promises amounts to this , that he will use his endeavours , should lie be afforded the opportunity , of patching np a compromise between the Hungarians and the Austrian tyrant : a compromise which would be fatal to the honour , the liberties , and the very existence of Hungary as an independent nation . It is clear that , with or without foreign aid , the Magyars must fight out the battle , whether they perish or succeed . "What will Lord Palmebston do for them ? That which the "Whigs did for the Poles , unless yoii , by the force of public opinion , compel " his
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¦————— ' " lordship" to cease his meaningless words and try instead the virtue of deeds . Two things afford me no little satisfaction : 1 st . The interest which the people generally are beginning to take in " foreign politics ; " . and 2 ndly , the evident reaction against the " peace at any price" party . Not long ago , even the Chartists would hardly tolerate my endeavours to inspire them with a feeling of fraternity towards their brethren of the Continent ; but times are changed , at length the millions begin to understand that " all Men are Brethren "—at least all the men of the . ..
people . Notwithstanding past discouragement , I perceive that the men who have a purpose , and ( as the sailors say ) work with a will , do not work in vain . The "decline" of " Elihu-Burritism" has commenced , and its " fall" is at hand . Even Cobden , when ho mouths of " Peace" in connexion with " Hungary , " cannot raise a cheer ; but let the humblest Proletarian raise his voice in favour of England taking up arms for Hungary , and he will at once call forth the enthusiastic plaudits of the public . I rejoice at this . I desire " Peace "— *• permanent and universal peace /'—but not at the cost of Liberty and Justice . I believe that universal war
must precede universal peace—the " war of principles , " ( of which we have seen the beginning , ) the war of the peoples against the tyrants of Europe . I observe that a large Public Meeting is about to be holden in the Borough ofMarylebone ( in the Riding School ) , in behalf of the Hungarians . I know not the day , hut , whenever held , I trust that the men of Marylobone will do their duty , and attend in . their
thousands strong . Let them do more ; no matter what the resolutions , or who the speakers—let the people express their sympathy for Hungary in unmistakeatte terms . The men of Keighley have set a noble example to their provincial brethren ; What are the men of Manchester , BirminghamV Leeds , Liverpool , Sheffield , Glasgow , and our other large hives of industry about ? Arouse , brothers ; arouse , do your duty , and have the reward of an approving
conscience . Hurrah ! The Hungarians hare gained two most glorious victories . It appears that the battle ofWaitzeu , fought on the 15 th and 16 th of July , resulted in a glorious triumph for . the Magyars , who broke through the lines of the Imperialists , and marched to the north . A letter from the seat of war says : — " The attack of the Hungarians upon Paskewitch ' s division was tremendous , and the Russians were borne down and compelled to yield before the terrible onslaught of the Magyars , who fought with unexampled courase and daring .
The renewed charges of the Hungarian horse are spoken of as the most brilliant achievement on military record . Paskewitch despatched couriers to Pesth for aid , and the sudden appearance of General Rajiberg , who hurried up at the head of a large body of Austrians , alone saved him from a complete defeat . Ramberg attacked the Hungarians in the flank , thus causing a diversion in favour of Paskewitch . " Another letter describes the Russian retreat to Duaa Kees as a disorderl y fli g ht before Dembinski ' s Hussars , and states that the Russians were only saved from
annihilation hy the arrival of Ramberg , While Dembinski and Georgy were thus chastising the Russians in the north , Beji in the south was completely crushing the army of the Ban Jellachich . The engagement took place at St . Thomas on the 14 th of July . Besides tlieso important victories , tho Hungarians , on the 1 st , gained possession of the strong fortress of Arad . The military stores of the fortress—viz ., sixty-five pieces of artillery , 1 , 500 muskets , a quantity of gunpowder ,
bombs , and other ammunition , fell into their hands . The Hungarians have also re-taken Neutra . It was reported at Presburg on the 19 th of July that the Russians had been compelled to abandon Debreczen from the want of provisions . Fever and cholera have made fearful ravages , both in the Austrian and Russian arriries ; and now that they are beginning to be drawn away from their supplies , these diseases will work their way in a corresponding ratio . Hurrah ! Brother Proletarians , I beseech you to raise manfully and nationally the cry for INDEPENDENT HUNGARY , and , if needs be , WAR TO THE COSSACKS ! L'AMI DU PEUPLE . July 2 Gfch , 1349 .
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ROME AM > HUNGARY . A densely crowded meeting , to protest against the subversion of the Roman Republic by France , and to declare sympathy with the brave and heroic Hungarians , was held at the Literary Institution , Jbhnstreet , Fitzroy-square ' , on Tuesday evening , Ju ' y 24 th . On the platform we noticed F . O'Connor , Esq ., M . P . ; G . Thompson , Esq ., M . P ., ( both of whom , on their entrance , were greeted with prolonged cheering ); Major Reniovrski ; Messrs . G . IV . M . Reynolds , J . Watson , H . Hetherington , R . Moore , T . Glavk , P . il'Grath , AV . Dixon , A . Campbell , G . J . Harney , and numerous other advocates of the political and social rights of the
people . Mr . J . vxies Watson was unanimously called to the chair . Immediately over the chairman we noticed a huge banner suspended , bearing the inscription , " Poland , Hungary , Rome , and the real Republicans of France . " A letter was read from Lord D . Stuart , expressive of his sympathy with the object of the meeting , and pleading his parliamentary duties as an apology for his absence—apologies on the ground of pressing engagements were made for Messrs . Thomas and Whiter Cooper . The Chaibwax said they had met to night in performance of a public duty , and he trusted all had come vith the conviction on their minds that it was so , and that every one present \ ras determined to act as became a free man —( loud cheers)—to hear
all patiently , and then faithfully and honestly judge for themselves . The question was a world ' s question , and should interest tho whole woi'ld . ( Iloav , hear . ) As regards Rome , do not think lier cause lost or the struggle thrown away because the French treason has for awhile triumphed . Why , the clearance of her inquisition was worth all the costs of the struggle , ( Cheers . ) As regards Hungarv , do you think that her sons having once beconie participators in the soil they could return to serfdom ? Sever ; they will yet inflict punishment on their tyrants and send them back with dismay . ( Loud cheers . ) They had that evening a somewhat uncommon occurrence at a working " man ' s meeting —viz .. the countenance of two members of
parliament . ( Groat cheering . ) At a meeting recently bold , and through the press , Lord Palmerston's speech had been lauded . Perhaps , taking the general run of Whif speeches , it was liberal enough in its wayhear)—but , as disciples of Thomas Paine —( great cheering)—we find that great author writing what Lord Palmerston has now plagiarised , sixty years ago , and we had not , nor would not , forget the lesson . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . R . Moore , moved the first resolution as "That this meeting cannot too highly estimate the heroic devotion of the noble Roman nation , nor sufficiently condemn the conduct of the socalled Republicans of France in assassinating insti
those brave defenders of purely Democratic - tutions , and in re-establishing the temporal government of a hateful Priesthood ; and this meeting feels bound to express its strong censure of the British government for its criminal neglect of the interests of humanity , and the rights of nations , in not taking measures ' to prevent the bombardment of Rome , and subsequent subversion of the liberties of the Roman people . " ' IIo said , he did so with tho full conviction resting on his mind that he was breathing sympathy for a glorious people , whoso Republic had been put down , but who must ultimately triumph . Lamartinc had said , the sword of France waa at the service of Italy — at which declaration the
press of this country , made a great outcry against the then provisional government , but the present government of France reversed affairs , and turned the sword of France against the vising hopes of Italy , and the press sung the peans of the oppressor . ( Hear , hear . ) He agreed that , generally speaking , we had no right to intorforein other people ' s affairs , but " when others wantonly interfered to crusti liberty , then was it the duty of England to step in and drive'back the tyrant aggressor . ( Loud cheers . ; Rome had as much right to change ' aer form of government as England had to change her dynasties . ( Hear , hear . ) Rome has said , she abhors priestly governments , that she wants a chancellor of the exchequer who should be responsible to her peop le , and ww should , not turn up his eyea w&en called
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to account and say ; "I am responsible to God only . ( Loud cheers , ) The recently deposed Roman government was of the people and from the peop le , having ueen elected by Universal Suffrage . ( Cheers . ) ^ Yehave faith in ' justice , and her glorious apostle Joseph Mazzini , and trust to see him yet lead the notle Romans back to victory . Mr . Iiiomas Clark said—I have much pleasure in seconding the resolution which has been so ably proposed b y the preceding speaker . 1 question if m the whole range of history there can bo found anything to equal in atrocity and shame the conduct of the Republic of France in its assassination of the young but noble Republic of Rome . ( Hear . )
l also agree that our own government here at home 18 highly culpable for bavin * permitted the bombardment of the " Eternal % ty . " ( Cheers . ) It appears to mo that the Cabinets of France and Jiiigland had a commo n object in the overthrow of the Roman Republic , and that was the destruction Of Universal Suffrage in Italy . ( Hear , and cheers . ) The government of France have destroyed Universal bxmrane in Italy as a prelude to similar proceedings m « K ? c ^ l "J ' ' aiul tUero is no doubt on my ? «•! fTV "» m" >» tera were privy to tho base design of the French rulers . ( Cheers . ) The restoration of the Pope was not the objeot-sought , but 5 ! - """ , lla lon . of those institutions which the
S m ostilbll , shed on the ruins of the old C , ( Hear and cheers . ) The Romans , although defeated- for tho time have not been conqueied and althoug h Mazzini has been driven from nS'tlvfn W ^ fo ^ the " laafcoftho Tri-SSn&i Roto l » the last of the Popes HSiSff V \ ^ i ' almcrston has been highly complimented both m and out of parliament fov his able speech , . delivered on Saturday last , and I am ready to admit , that of its ability there can be but one opinion ,, but what I want to know is what his lordship was saying and doin ^ when the Pi-encb . assassins were forcing an entry into Rome ? ( Hear , and cheers . ) Of what use are his fine speeches now to he
--Romans ? I repeat thilfc it is my conviction , that both ins lordshi p and his colleagues were partles _ * ° £ destruction of Rome . ( Cheers . ) Had the English government been opposed to the proceedings of the French , they would have taken the proper steps at the proper time , instead of pretending a kind of sympathy after all the mischief has been done . ( Hear . ) I am not for going to war in the affairs , of other nations—I am for non-intervention in . the ' concerns of other people . But who is there that is acquainted with the moral appliances at the disposal of our government ,. who does not know that had they intimated t thato giddy and empty-headed thirijr , that is at present playinar the
part of President of the French Republic , that they were hostile to the invasion of the Roman tei ritorywho is not aware that France would not have dared to have acted as she has done ? ( Hear . ) Had the industrious classes of England been represented in parliament , Rome would not now be prostrated at the feet of her ' enemies , nor would any English minister have dared to have secretly connived at tho destruction of the liberties of a foreign state . ( Cheers . ) The time however will come , when , through a national representation , we will have the power to aid distressed nations , and when that time does come we shall have the means of enforcing the nation ' s will . ( Cheers . ) I have great pleasure in seconding the resolution .
Mr . O'Connor on rising was received with several rounds of applause—he said , as the chairman had very properly limited , the speakers to fifteen minutes , his speech ^ -liko the brave defence of tlie Hungarians—should be a blood run . It was a very exciting topic to address an excited people upon , hut it was , nevertheless , one with tho merits of which , the English people should be made thoroughly acquainted . He was called upon to speak to the question of Rome alone , but as he waa allowed only fifteen minutes , he must have a dash at Hungary as well . ( Cheers . ) As regarded Rome , let him remind the English Reman
Catholics , and the Irish Roman Catholics as well , who appear to be indignant at the attack upon the Pope— -let him remind them that it was not a war of Protestantism , or a war of any other ism , against Catholicism , but a war of independent Catholicism against long-existing abuses , to which the enlightened mind of this age would not submit . ( Loudcheers . ) What would the Irish Catholics say if the Italian Catholics opposed them in the struggle for their-just rights ? ( Hear , hoar . ) Well , then , what would be tho feeling of the Italian Catholics—tho Roman Catholics on the spot , and the best judges of their own position—if
their English or Irish brethren resisted them in their glorious attempt to establish temporal freedom without violating their spiritual faith ? ( Cheers . ) One gentleman , who had preceded him , spoke of our alliance with foreign nations . Eight hundred millions of English money had been coined . out of English sweat , and niched out of English pockets , to preserve that alliance ; which was a more union of factions , of parties , and of despots ; but . - what he wished to see established was , the union of the peoi > le to overthrow this union of despots . ( Cheers . ) "Was it not worse than an absurdity to think of one Cabinet basing its aggression or
noninterference upon the terms of a Holy Alliance , although the Whole people of the nation may be opposed to tho conclusion ? while , in another case , the same Cabinet would lend its aid to a holy ally to suppress aud destroy that mind , whose onl y object was to establish free institutions , and a free constitution , in harmony with tho improved mind of a free people . ( Cheers . ) He had no doubt upon his mind as to the ultimate success of the brave Hungarians . ( Loud cheers . ) The soldiers of that country had constituted tho main army of the former Autocrat of Austria , and a man fighting for himself , his
liberty , and his country , was worth two men fighting fora tyrant , and upon this fact he rested his hope of ultimate success . ( Cheers . ) But what were the Hungarians fighting for ? Why simply for the constitution which-was promised , and to which they were entitled . Well , then , is it a fair alliance , is it just , or is it honest , that England , the ally of Austria , should staud tamely by and see tho plains of Hungary drenched with blood as the result of the treachery of one of her allies . ( Loud cheering . ) ICossutli may perish in the struggle for liberty but he will not fail . No ;
They never fail who die In a great cause : the block may soak their gore , Their heads may sodden in the sun : their limbs Be strung to city gates and castle walls—' But still their spirit walks abroad . Though years Elapse , a " nd others share as dark a doom - It but augments the deep and sweeping thought Which overpowers all others , and conducts The world at last to freedom . ( Loud and tremendous cheering . ) Ay , and now if England . did her duty , and sent her " raw lobsters" and " Piccadilly butchers , " her horse , foot , and artillery to fight the
battles of tho brave Hungarians , the English people would be more tranquil in the midst of unparalleled suffering in the absence of those conservators of the peace , if they wore engaged in so noble a" struggle . ( Cheers . ) Times change , however , and we change with them ; and when the Hungarians have destroyed despotism and ' established liberty—when Austria shall have lost her right arm—when tho northern tyrant shall have been driven to his frozen land—and when the brave Pole , following tho example of the bravo Hungarian , shall have established the freedom of his country , and when the wings of tho Autocrat shall have
been thus clipped , then the English Cabinet will say to the Austrian despot and the Russian beast : " You are no longer our allies , we have adopted the Hungarians because they have been successful . " ( Loudcheers . ) That is the meaning of an alliance—our ally to-day may be our enemy to-morrow ; and as soon as the French people see through the vanity and ambition of their Special Constable President , and when they establish a veritable republic in France , with Switzerland a republic , France a real republic , Rome a republic , and Hungary a republic — ( tremendous cheering )—then
what will bo the policy of the Cabinet of St . James ' s ? But how pitiful that the destiny of a great nation should depend upon the tyranny , caprice , or failure of its allies . He was glad that they had one other member . of'parliament upon the platform , George Thompson , the really hon . member for the Tower Hamlets , —( loud arid continued cheering , )—the man who did not come forward now for the first time to advocate the cause of freedom , but the man who was one ' of the first , and the very boldest , to contend for the manumission of the American slave , and who , in his struggles for those wha
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had few other friends to fight their battles , was compelled to seek shelter for days in the garret of a friend ' s house to save himself from the Lynch law of the American slave owner ;—( great cheering , ) the man who protested against English-tyranny practised against the Indian , and the man who had the courage on Tuesday week to speak for and vote for their Charter , ( Tremendous applause . ) All tho world round them was in convulsion , the base , the cowardly , aud hypocritical Special Constable President was seekiug to overthrow the Roman Republic , and in this rascally
endeavour lie had the countenance of all the ruling moparchs , who , although they acknowledged him as the head ofa ^ ep ^ c , only did so from fear , while' they ardently hoped to make him the instrument of destroying republicanism , which by his oath ho was bound to maintain . ( Cheers . ) If this policy was to constitute tho ruling action of monarchs , give him ( Mr . O'Connor ) a republic , a free republic , in preference to a despotic monarchy . ( Loud and tremendous cheering . ) The gorge of many monarchs is raised against the bravo Hungarian struggle . The Hungarians were without a
leader" Till greatly rising in his country ' s right , Her Kossuth , her deliverer sprung to light ; A race of oravo Hungarian sons he led , Guiltless of courts , untainted , and unread , Whose inborn spirit spurned the ignoble fee , Their hearts scorned bondage , for their hands were free . " . ( Tremendous cheering . ) It was now thirtyfour years since Napoleon—THE Napoleonnot the Special Constable—prophesied that in fifty years Europe would be Republic or Cossack . Ho could not answer for the feeling of other nations , but this he would say for the English people ; give him but ten hours' notice
to sound the tocsin , and announce the despot ' s approach , and small though his influence may be , he would undertake to raise a million' oi brave Chartists to meet the tyrant , and they would erect a pyramid of Cossacks , and cap it with the Czar . ( Tremendous cheering . ) The English people were not for war till war was forced upon them ; they knew that war was to trade what the hot-bed is to the plant—it forces it but strengthens it not in its growth ; while peace is as the pure air of Heaven , which forces it not , but strengthens it till it arrives at a wholesome maturity . ( Cheers . ) He was not a man of war , but he would cheerfully enlist as a drummer or a trooper to resist the
invasion of the Northern Tyrant , or to aid the brave Romans in the establishment of their constitution . ( Cheers . ) And if England did not very speedily take her position—and a , prominent position—in the establishment of peace , by the establishment of freedom , she would find herself a beggar at the door of tho foreigner . They had heard his oft-repeated sentiments , and although made prematurely old by the ingratitude of some of their order—' ( Cheers and " Shame" )—he would still stand by their principles until the league of people had overpowered the league of despots , and until liberty , pure and unsullied , was established for their order . For their cauae he had struggled , and rather than abandon then : cause , he would
abandon life itself . ( Tremendous cheering and waving of hats , which lasted several minutes . ) Major Bexiowski came forward and said : —Interest said to him , do not speak , but his conscience ) said , do your duty . ( Hear , hear . ) He must be permitted to say a few words respecting several of the persons who had been mentioned . As regards Lamartine , be could not help regarding him as a man of mere words , in fine , a humbug . He could not help thinking that Lamartine had been tho cause of the disastrous results they now witnessed in Prance —( cheers , )—and he thought they should ere long witness him hove as a refugee , ay , and the President would be hero too in tho same capacity . ( Loud cheers . ) As regards Joseph Mazzini ,
he really thought ho should have taken a lesson from the Emperor of ltussia , and have Moscowed Home rather than ever have given way . ( Hear , hear . ) He had some experience inPoland against tho Russians in 1830 , ( cheers , ) and he now told Ludwi " Kossuth , it was his duty to lay every city and town in Hungary'in ashes rather than leave anything for the miscreants of Austria and Russia . ( Cheers . ) Georoe Thompson , Esq ., M . P ., rose amidst great cheering , to suppovj , the resolution , aud said , ho would not take more credit for being there than he deserved . Mr . O'Connor had taken him by the button-hole in the House of Commons , and hence ho appeared on their platform ; and now he was among the conspirators ( laughter . )—IIo would say , with JaflSer ,
" I ' m amongst you , and , by Heaven , it glads me To see so many virtues thus united To restore justice , and dethrone oppression !" He was happy to think there was no Belvidci' . i to betray them . ( Hear , hear . ) Thovo is a Bolvidora , but she desires to see Venice free . ( Loud cheers . ) Many asked , what can bo the practical result of your public meetings ? Had not many a Roman been fired with the noble words , " I am a man ! "—( cheers)—and it did us good to sympathise with our brethren , whether on the banks of the . Tiber , the Thoiss , the Danube , or tho Indus —( hear , hear , )—and it must be grateful to their feelings to receive
our sympathies . . We wanted many such meetings as these , as a set off against the press ; yet , after all , the press did not hoodwink tho people , they were but holding themselves up to infamy , crying " Wolf ! Wolf ' . " so often , that their own malpractices must eventually overthrow thorn , from sheer want of confidence . They could not transport or gibbet us for expressing our sympathies with the brave men of Testh , or Buda ; and can the people sympathise with those men without having their minds sec on their own liberties ? Then let us generously sympathise with every oppressed people of the face of the earth . ( Hear , hear . ) There were but few of the sentiments he had heard expressed
but that he agreed with : he was a peace man , but his sympathies were with those who were struggling for freedom , ( Loud cheers . ) France had gone to Rome to smother her new-born liberties , and our censure could not be too severe . He estimated Lord Palmerston ' s speeches as lightly as any one ; Lord Pahnevston spoko after a fact , when he should have spoken before . ( Loud cheering . ) Of course it was perfectly understood he was compelled to make that speech to save him from the opprobrium of the people . But whilst wo think of our brethren abroad let us not forgot our rights at homo : and when our flame burns dim it is well to say to the Hungarians , " Give us of vour oil , " and thus resuscitated let us
hand the torch about—the torch he meant was that of truth and justice . Ho liked to see those mental revolutions go on ; his belief was , that they need not even risk a dungeon in the efficient advocacy of their rights and liberties ¦ , there was nothing better than a fine , bold , stern , moral attitude of defiance . ( Loud cheers . ) lie must ' confess , when he came on that platform , that lie had a strong feeling in favour of Mazzini , Ivossuth . &c ., and still retained it ; but lie was not desirous of having a passage at arms with the gentlemen who took a ditferent view , as he hoped the time had arrived when principles would rule , and not men . ( Loud cheers . ) Had the English government issued a timely protest and
remonstrance , he believed that would have been sumciont . He cordially agreed with the object of the meetingfor , after all , it was a struggle for . the suffrage , a struggle for the Charter , and he trusted the struggle would go on until England possessed really free institutions ! and the franchise was extended to every male adult . [ The hon . member resumed his seat amid reiterated plaudits . The resolution was then put , and carried unanimously , amidst the loudest applause . ] Julias IIarxey , in a speech of considerable length , in tho course of which he was loudly and repeatedly applauded , moved the adoption of the following resolution : — .
" That the brave Hungarians in their struggle for independence , and the establishment of Democratic Institutions , ave eminently entitled 16 the supp 6 i-t of the people of this and every other country ; and this meeting viewing with abhorrence the atrocities committed by the Austrian forces , and regarding the intervention of Russia as a violation of the law of nations , hereby calls upon the British government to at once recognise the independence of Hungary , and intervene , if needs be by force , in behalf of the Hungarian people , in order that the horrors of war may he put an end to , and the Hungarian !) be left at
liberty to remodel their institutions in accordance with their own wants and the spirit of the times . " Mr . Henry Hetherixgton , in seconding tho resolution , said' he dissented from the sentiments of Major Beniowslu . Let them remember Kossuth ' a proclamation , in which he said the Hungarians \ vould . yet boat and bury their oppressors . ( Loud cheers . " ) The instructions he had laid down for the mode of warfare to bo adopted against the Austrians and Russians were to mine the towns and to set fira to the places behind them , whore they could not from ajnbuah slaughter them . - He
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( Mr . Hetherington ) , thought this was an eXcsIlenc mode of warfare against such barbarians , and ho trustedhfc » onM be carried out . ( Cheers . ) Air . G . h . M . Ukyxolds rose amidst much an ^ plause to support tho resolution and said : —Ho had gone to the London Tavern yesterday , with ' . i strong feeling in favour of tho Magyars , and handed Iris card to Mr . Salomons , with a view ofaddressin ^ the meeting , and in a minute or so Mr . Salomons had beckoned him to him , and then told him llis principles were too democratic , aud could not be nermitted there , and consequently refused him : \ hearing , but the working classes had obtained a hcai-in " for him . JJe told the meeting it was the duty o ° f England to send her army , . ind ' hor fleet to the succour of those brave men , and that declaration-^^^^
even in the London Tavern—was received with great applause . . Lord Nugent had told Mr . Salomons that lie was ill-using a man who represented the feelings of the working men of London . Mr . Cobden had come forward at that meeting with some of those specious fallacies be was so fond of deluding you with , ( llcav . ) He said Russia could not find money to carry on a . war if you prevented her getting " a loan . ' Why had she not found means to oppress and sunprcs ' s Poland ? ( Hear , hear . ) And would not a certain class find means again for the Autocrat of Russia ? ( Hear , hear . ) "Why would they not send our soldiers Out to . the plains of Hungary ? Because if they did they would imbibe republican notions which mH . it prove dangerous on their return to England Why was not Field-Marshal Prince Albert sent oub
at the head of an army of liberators ? Could not the Queen spare him from her side ? ( Laughter . ) It had been said that Austria was our ancient ally ally in what ? righting- the battle of the Bourbons . It was said she was a bar against the aggression of the Mussulmen of the East—why there were two occasions when they had engagements with the Turks . ( Hear , hear . ) In the sixteenth century they fled before the Turks , and the Turks were compelled to raise the siege in consequence of an insurrection which broke out in the Turkish dominions . In the seventeenth century the Turks returned again , and proceeded to the gates of Vienna , and the Austrians were about to give up tho citywhen John Sobicski came down from the mountains with Ins army and routed the Turks . ( Hear , hear ) Then what had become of Lord Palmcrston ' s boast Kossuth had done nothing but what must inspire the lovers of freedom with confidence ; lie ( Kossuth ) would yet liberate Hungary and save the Western world , and under his command lie had three brave
generals—Goorgy , Dcmbinski , and Hem . ( Great cheering . ) Kossuth ' s policy was to draw the enemy into the centre of tho kingdom , and there , on their own ground would the bloody battle take place , and God send that the whole of tho Russians and Austrians may be destroyed ! ( Tremendous chcerin <» . ) But the generals could not . restrain themselves . Why even Georgy had departed fr om this Fabian policy and fought and won two battles , and did wo not find Bern beating Luders in Transylvania , and the forces under the infamous Barf Jellachich cut to pieces ? ( Loud cheers . ) The speaker concluded by calling upon the English in the names of Cromwell and Ilamp » len , the Scotch by the names of a Wallace and a Bruce , ami the Irish by the heroism of a Meaghcrand a John Mitehel , and men of all other nations in the name ofthcGodof battles , to tnvo their cordial and devoted sympathies to the brave and glorious Hungarians . ( Tremendous cheering ) The resolution was then put and carried unanimously .
Mr . Gut briefly moved the following petition : — TO THE HOSOmMlLE THE COMMONS OF GREAT BRITAIN' AND IRELAND . IX PARLIAMENT ASSEMBLED , Tho Petition of the inhabitants of London , in public meeting assembled at the Literary and Scientific Institution , in the borough of Mnrvlcbone . this 24 th day of July , 1 S 49 . Shewetii , —Tliat join petitioners have witnessed with , grief and alarm , thenpathy of your Honourable House with regard to the French Intervention in the affairs of Home , by which a brave and heroic people have been subjected to foreign dommation , tlieii' constitution destroyed , anil their liberties annihilated ; nnd tliat too by n government lvliieh owes its existence to the profession of the snmo principles . Your petitioners feel assured that so fiilse » power cannot be the faithful ally of this , ov any other nation , ami your petitioners must express their profound u " isii ]> i > rol > iitionbf . the conduct of her Majesty ' s Ministers in declining to acknowledge the Koman Republic , mid in refusing its aid to a people assailed by a treacherous , ferocious , and apostate foe .
Your petitioners beg to direct your attention to the struggle at present raging in Hungary , between the people of that country and the despotic power of Austria , by whose tyranny the brave Hungarians have been compelled to fly to aims in defence of thoiv constitutional liberties , and in which struggle atrocities are being committed by the Austrian forces mostrevolting to humanity , : md worthy the reprobation of all civilised states . That " the power of Austria being inadequate to enslave the heroic Hungarians , the Austrian government have caused tlic invasion of Hungary by Russian armies , in violation of the law of nations , and to the imminent peril and welfare of the whole of Europe . Your petitioners therefore pray jour Honourable House to address her Majesty's government to at once recognise the independence of Hungary , and to interfere , if needs be , by force of arms , to aid the Hungarians against their despotic and savage assailants . And your petitioners , &c . Mr . M'Gratu seconded the- adoption of the petition .
The Petition was unanimously adopted . Mr . William Dixon moved that the Petilicn . just adopted bo signed . by the chaivmivn , and fovwu \ kd to Lord Dudley Stuart for presentation , which was seconded and carried unanimously . Mr . IIaiixky moved that a duplicate of the petition be signed by the chairman , and forwarded to Lord IJenumon / - for presentation to the House of Lords , which was seconded and carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was given by acclamation to Mr . James Watson for his impartial conduct in the chair , which he briefly acknowledged . and the meeting quietly dispersed . We have received the following letter from Mr . Watson , the Chairman of the meeting , in reply to Major ] 3 ci ) iow ? ki , as far as regards the conduct of Mi-. Mazzini at Rome : — The proposition for withdrawing further resistance came from the Constituent Assembly , and not from the Tii . umvirs .
How did Mazzini act at that critical juncture ? When the order from the Assembly was put into his hands to e . vecutc , he declined to do it . His answer was : " I was placed in ( lie position I hold to defend the Roman Rctmhlie against aggression , and my conscience will not permit me to execute the order of the Constituent Assembly , and I resign at once into their hands the authority I hold . " How unjust , therefore , it is to hold that brave man answerable for surrender ' Infr the Eternal City to tlic French liomliarders . In the foreign news of the last month , you may probably have inserted Mazzini ' s letter of resignation in the Star . I have not the papers to relei' to , but I am confident I have given the substance . Yours respectfully , Jav . es "IVatsox .
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Whittington and Cat . —The Sor-s of Fre-dcm , on Monday evening last , resolved to place the sum of £ 7 in the National Land and Labour Bank . They also resolved to have an excursion to O'Connorvi Ie , onMonriay , for August Gth , when all friends who wish to judge for themselves are invited to take a trip . The vans will start from the Weavers'Arms , Pelhamsti ' eet , Brick-lane , at half-past six in the morning . Peterborough . —Mr . George Hows , of Boston , visited this cathedral and priest-ridden city on Thursday week , and delivered a very able address to the inhabitants in the open air , on the evils and abuses of a state churcn , and recommended , in a very eloquent manner , Universal Suffrage as the only remedy . The Chartists have invited Mr . II .
to give them another lecture on Sunday , Aug . Gth , CitirrLUOATE Locality of the National Charter Association , 28 , Golden-lano . —A meeting was held on Tuesday evening , July 24 th . air . Jientley in the chair . The following officers were ejected : — Messrs . Brisck , Hocklcy , and Mather , auditors . A handsome work box was presented to the locality hy Mr . M'Geo , and it was resolved that it should bo disposed of for tho benefit of the Victims . The councils of the Tower Hamlets attended , according to appointment . Moved by Mr . 15 risck , seconded by M . r . Brown , "Tliat the council of this locality amalgamate with that of the Tower Hamlets . " Three new members were enrolled . Moved and carried unanimously , " That this locality appreciate the service ? , talent , and ' incessant exertions of F .
O ' Connor , Esq ., M . P ,, and return him their confidence and th ' anks . " It was decided that the amalgamated councils meet on Sunday evening , Aug . 5 th , 1849 , at the Crown and Anchor , Tower Hamlets . It was also resolved , '' That n steam boat excursion , to Richmond and hack , should take place on the 20 th of Au < y ., the proceeds to be devoted to the building of a Chartist hall . " Mr . Brown stated that he had written to Lord John Kussell , asking him if he had presented their petition for the Charter . His Lordship answered that he had presented it on the 10 th of June . Mr . Brown also stated that tho memorial to the Queen , for a general amnesty , was in the hands of Sir George Grey , delivered to him by Sir Joshua Walmsley , Also thai the other petition for the Charter was delivered to Lord Ifugent .
Tower Hamlets . —Mr . O'Connor ' s Motion for the People's Charter . —A public meeting was held on "Wednesday evening , July 25 th , at the Thconix Tavern , ltatclift" Cross , to give expression to the feeling of the people in this borough relative to tho result of Mr . O'Connor's motion in the House of Commons . Mr . William Dories was unanimousl y called to the chair , and briefly stated the object of the meeting , after which Messrs . T . Clark , P . M'Grath , W . Sixon , "W . Jones . Dr . Brookes , 11
Townsend , andE . Stallwood , addressed the meeting with their wonted ability , and the following resolution was unanimously adopted : " That the result of the debate on - Mr . . O'Connor ' s motion , clearly indicates that the House of Commons does not represent the people , and urgently calls on us to be up and doing in the good work , of effecting such ?> measure of Parliamentary Reform as shall embrace the interest of the entire people . " A vote of thanks was given to the Chairman , and tho meeting separated , . • ' : *{
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EXPATRIATION OF W . CUFFAY A 2 U HIS COMPATEIOTS . On Monday evening , July 23 rd , a meeting of Chartists -was held at the "Two Chairmen , " Wardonr-street , Solio , Mr . James Peabce in the chair , -when the following important letter was read from "William Cuf-2 ay , by which it will he seen that he takes his departure ^ together with Ms compatriots , almost immediately , for Port Philip , Australia ;— Tollr . P . JI'Gbatil
BeabMac , —I have the pleasure to inform you tliat government has remitted tlie remainder of our probation herej imd .-trithdrawn altogether the sending us to public works in England ; we are ( through our good conduct and the strong recomsnendation of our governor ) to almost immediately De sent to Australia i with fourteen or fifteen others ftom this prison , to Port Philip , on the southern coast , opposite Van DIemens Land . I spent some Lours yesterday with my brother martyrs ; we are all in excellent health and spirits ; we are to go with tickets of leave , consequently , shall ue' comparatively free enlanding . Under such circumstances , at will ue very awkward to he entirely penniless ;
therefore , I am compelled to solicit my Chartist friends to raise a few shillings for me , as I cannot tear the idea of being under an obligation to any-Sody else , not even my own sister . Have the goodness to show this to Grassby as soon as you can . Be will do all he can for me ; we are to go from here in a uvek or ten days , direct to tlie slap—4 here is no time to be lost . If * we start from . the port of London , I shah * endeavour to let you know , so that 3 may see some of my friends before we part for ever . * Give my best respects to all friends , and 2 > elieve me still the same . Wnixiii Cctfji . Wakefield Convict Prison , July 20 th , 1819 . Register 712 .
After the reading of the letter , Mr . James ( xKASSijy was immediately appointed to receive subscriptions , and all Post-office orders for that purpose were requested to he made payable to Mm at the Post-office , Lambeth , and all letters respecting the subscription addressed to Mm , at his residence , 9 G , Eegent-street , Laml > eth . The friends of Ccefat are requested to note the above , as time presses . A subscription was inmediately opened , and £ 12 s . "was collected , per Mr . ' ( xRAssby / . The sum of 3 s . llid . vras also collected by Air . W . Hewhi , at the South London HalL
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la a late discussion in Woodford county , U . S ., "between Mr . F . Marshall and a Rev . Mr . Walter , a pro-slavery candidate for the Convention , the lastnamed gentleman undertook the somewhat difficult task of proving slavery to be a divine institution . After he had finished , Mr . Alarsiall arose , and -simply said , " The gentleman'has attempted' to prove that the blessing of Heaven rests upon the institution of slavery . I have too much reverence for the God whom I "worship to attempt to defend Him from such a dander I * V The Choeeka . —SeTeu inquests were held on ThursdaT in different parts of the metropolis , and -rerdictsof "Wed from cholera " , icturned in each case . This disease is making fearful ravages at "Worcester , Bristol , Edinburgh , Portsmouth , and some villages in Monmouthshire . 3 fo less than 150 deaths have taken ylace at Portsmouth within the Jast eight days .
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¦ Jtjly 28 , 1849 . v ™ " NORTHERN STAR ; a —¦ ! —1 ' i—« - ——¦ - — m
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 28, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1532/page/5/
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