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TEE CHOLERA . FBn > AT . —Return of cases of Cholera reported to the 'General Board of Health : —London and Vicinity—Lambeth , new cases , 38 , deaths , 9 ; Eermond ; sey , new cases , 74 , deaths , 1 C ; Southwark , new cases , 14 , deaths , 8 ; Strand Union , new cases , 7 ; TVandsworth-road , new cases , 7 , deaths , 7 ; other localities , new coses , 130 , deaths , 45 . Total new cases , 270 , deaths , 90 . England and "Wales—Liverpool , new cases , S 5 , deatlis , 35 ; Merthyr Tydvil , new cases , 15 , deaths , 6 ; Dowlais , new cases , 32 , deaths , 11 ; Portsmouth , new cases , 9 ; Portseaj new c ises , 14 , deaths , C ; TVarrington , new cases , 10 J deaths , 3 ; Plymouth , new cases , 13 , deatlis , 3 ; other towns , new cases , 105 , deaths , 55 . Total new cases , 283 , deaths , 113 . Scotland—Dundee , new case 3 , 11 , deaths , 14 ; Arbroath , 5 , deaths , 3 . Total , new eases , 19 , deaths , 17 . General Total , new cases , 572 , deaths , 226 . ' 11 "j 1 . litJJjt J . LJ 3-..
Satgkdat . —London and "Vicinity—Lambeth , new cases , 51 , deaths , 21 ; Bermondsey , new cases , 17 , deaths , 4 ; Xewington , new cases , 16 , deaths , 5 ; Southwark , new cases , 31 , deaths , 13 ; TVandsworth , new cases , 12 , deaths , 6 ; other localities , new cases , 132 , deaths , 54 . Total , new casss , 259 , deaths , 103 . England and "Wales — Liverpool , new cases , 74 , deaths , 21 ; Merthyr Tydvil , new cases , 9 , deaths , 7 ; Dowlais , new cases , 19 , deaths , 11 ; Plymouth , new cases , 23 , death ? , 8 ; Xewcastle-xmder-Lyne , new cases , 17 , deaths , 4 . other towns , new caces , 80 , deaths , 40 . Total , new cases , 222 , deaths , 100 . Scotland—Dundee , new cases , 28 , deaths , 9 . St Andrews , new cases , 6 , deaths , 6 . Total , new cases , 31 , deaths , 15 . General Total , new cases , 515 , deaths , 21 S . -
Bristol . —The cholera at Bedminster is very pinch on the increase again . In the city of Bristol it was very much on the increase in the latter part of Friday and Saturday , but was somewhat better on Sunday . Southampton * . —? Jo Improvement has as yet taken place in the health of this town . Salisbury . —AVe are glad to say that the improved state of the public health still continues . Meiithtii axb Seighbouiihood . —Owing to the number of deaths , and the fears existing among the
workpeople , who are flying in all directions as fast as their circumstances will enable them to do so , sufficient coals cannot be obtained for the furnaces of theDowJais Ironworks , and they have been obliged to be worked half-time for some days past . Jfc is anticipated they will have to be abandoned altogether , should not some providential arrest of the epidemic take place ; in which oase it would be fearful to contemplate the effects on the place and the in-Labitants , inasmuch as they are solely dependent on the works .
Vale of Xeath . —The cholera has broken out in ihebeautiful Yaleof Xeath , and carried off a great manyof the inhabitants . Liverpool—The change of the weather to a anltrv , damp , close state has probably operated injuriously on the progress of the disease , which , in the opinion of the medical officer of health , can only be considered stationary , instead of declining . Leeds . —This malignant disease broke out with the greatest virulence in Ilunslet , oue of the out townships of this borough , in which , up to Saturday , there had been 70 cases , and 31 deaths . Hull . —It appears that though the attacks of cholera in Ifulf have not been so numerous during the present week , there has been an increase , though not a large one , in the number of fatal cases .
Exeter . —Great consternation came over the city on Thursday inerninsr , because the military authorities eliose ' to send tVie S 2 nd regfr ., which , had been infected with cholera , to Exeter for the benefit of the change of air . The citizens were alarmed at the prospect of having the disease imported ; and a -party of Tore-street tradesmen proceeded to the Guildhall , accompanied by 31 r . G . W . Turner , who siid to the 32 : tyor that he represented a considerable iiumber i'f persons connected with the trade of the city , who thought a ¦ wanton abuse of power had boon committed " in thrusting a regiment infected ¦ with cholera among a population of forty thousand persons ; with the appliances possessed by the military system , these men might have been speedily encamped in some healthv place ; or taken to
Dartmoor , where . large public buildings are lying empty to receive them . The magistrates listened attentively , bus could give no redress ; ihe mayor said he ¦ would repreS 3 iit the case to the Board of Health , and in the meantime would try to induce' the commanding officer to confine the men as much as possible to harracka , and keep them from contact with the inkibifciiits . The disease broke out in the 82 nd resiment on Thursday , the 2 nd inst ., at Devonport . From that thne up to "Wednesday last , there have been : ibout a dozen deaths in the regiment / and on last Wednesday morning , while the men were on parade , Cnptau Moore was attacked with cholera ; the report here is that lie was buried at six o'clock next morning . The total of deaths from cholera in Devonpoi't were 74 in seven days ; and tho deaths in PlvniOHth 183 down to Wednesday msht
Monbay . —lleturn of cases of Cholera reported to the General Beard of Health : —London and Ticinity—Lambeth , new cases , 23 , deaths , 20 ; BerinoLdsey , new cases , 26 , deaths , 8 ; Southwark , new eases , C 3 , dciths , IS ; Strand "Union , new cases , 90 ; TOiitechapel , new cases , 22 , deaths , 12 ; Greenwich , new casts , 20 . deaths , 10 ; Bethnal Green , new cases , IS , deaths , 11 ; other localities , new cases , 215 , deaths , 1 «< 5 . Total , new cases , 476 , deaths , 134 . England and Wales—Liverpool , new cases , 114 , draths , 44 ; Merthyr Tydvil , new cases , 35 , deaths , 18 ; Dowlais , new cases , 52 , deaths , 28 ; Plymouth , new cases , 44 , deaths , 24 ; Leeds , new cases , 14 , deaths , 1 ; Xewcastlc-under-Lyne , new cases , II , death ? , 6 ; other towns , new cases , 232 , deaths , 112 . Total new cases , 502 , deaths , 233 . Scotland—Dundee , new cases , 42 , deaths , 37 ; Havick , new cases , 23 , deaths , 9 ; other towns , new cases , 4 , deaths , 2 . Tot-il , new cases , C 9 , deaths , 43 . General Total , new cases , 1 , 047 , deaths , 403 .
Mohtalitt i-vtiie Wasdsworth IioAi ) . —For some days past a feeling of very considerable alarm has possessed the inhabitants of that part of the Wands-¦ worth-roaa comprised within the parish of Clapham , and extending about a mile , in consequence of the cholera having appeared in its most malignant form , atid occasioned a mortality uncxamplcdln intensity and numbers , even in the most squalid and illdntined portions of the metropolis . Albion-terrace , a row of second-class houses on the north side of the road , and situated near the Wllliain the Fourth , has been more particularly the scene of the calamity , in ten houses of that devoted terrace , during the course of eleven days , there were seventeen deaths from Asiatic cholera , independent of several others
who left their houses infected to die elswherc . In one house , Xo . 6 , no less than five persons died of cholera . The house was in the occupation of the Jter . T . Jlarrisoa , a dissenting minister , and with that gentleman and his wife were staying preparatory to a departnre of the whole family to Brighton , IMrs . Henrietta Roscoe , a very aged lady , and Mrs . Edwards , with a cook and housemaid . Mrs . Roscoe was first sm-zcJ , and died on the 4 ih inst . Mrs . Edwards , ivho had attended upon her relative , was next seized , -aud on ill . Harrison returning from tho funeral of his aunt , Mrs . Roscoe , on Tuesday last , Le found his wife attacked with the same dreadful disease , and that lady expired carlv the next mornir . » . li appeared that . Mr . Harrison , overwhelmed
will grief , fled ihe house soon after his wife ' s death , in company with a lodger in the next house . On the s : sme iiion ::: s « r ihat * Alr . Harrison left Ms house - Mrs . Edwards died , and the cook was taken ill and died the same evening . On the day following , Thursday , the three bodies were taken to Mrs . ltoscoe ' s grave , ia Kensal-grccn , and on the return " of ihe mourners the nurse who had attended Mrs . Edwards was found dead . The remarkable fact of so ' many persons in one family dying as it were simultaneously , and the head of the house dying from home , created an extraordinary excitement , which was considerably increased by Mr . Milledge , the undertaker who had buried the other members of the family , receiving the card of a medical
gentleman at Hampstead and a note from the landlord of the Jack Straw ' s Castle , stating that the Rev . Mr . Harrison had died at his house after having his will ¦ written out by a young man who had accompanied him . On Friday the young man who had accompanied ihe deceased from his home called on the undertaker , and wished some boxes of jewellery and other property to be moved out of the house , saying he would take care of it . Mr . Milledge denied him entrance to the honse , Then he threatened to use force , and Mr . Milledge said if he did , he would give iiim in charge of the police . The young man then said he would go and remove the deceased ' s pro-Deitvfrom the tavern at Hampstead , but as that was ' knowntobcTaiuablc , the landlord had been
cautioned not to part with it . These facts coming to the knowledge of Mr . Harrison ' s relatives , they determined upon commuBieating with Mr . ICirgs , tie coroner for the Duchy of Lancaster , and that gentleman appointed an inquest to be holden , and a m ? t mortem examination of the body to be made . On Mondava long inquiry -was gone into at the "William ihefourth , and evidence embracing the facts already mentioned having been _ given , Mr . M'Donou «* , the surgeon to the parish of Clapham , va 5 examined as to the result of the jkkT mortem examinationhe had made . He stated that gnat inflammation existed in the abdomen , stomach , viscena , and thorax , and the heart was verysoft , He had placed the heart , stomach , and right lobe Of the liver in separate jars for the purpose of
examination . Mr . M'Donough , who had pricked ius anger in opening the body , which had poisoned it , was in excessive pain "whilst giving his evidence . —The kroner said it -was highly essential that this very eSordmarv case should be thoroughly inquired f ^ Tnndt he vonng man alluded to , who would ap-S& to have ' been with the deceased in his last ~ i Rnud of Health :-London and vicinity—Lam-SfSK J * deaths , 23 ; Berm ° ndsey cases 4 f « deatfe W ; Eotherhithe , cases , 4 o , deaths , 11 ,
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Southwark , cases , 36 , deaths , . 27 ; Bethnal Green , cases , 29 , deaths , 20 ; Strand Union , cases , 40 , deaths , 1 ; other localities , cases , 207 , deaths , 90 . Total , cases , 517 , deaths , 187 . England and Wales —Liverpool , cases , 221 , deaths , 76 ; Merthyr Tyd-Til , cases , 11 , deaths , 6 ; Dowlais , cases , 19 , deaths , 9 ; Cardiff , cases . 19 , deaths , 7 ; Plymouth , cases , 28 , deaths , 17 ; Mevagissey , cases , 13 , deaths , 9 ; Xewcastle-under-Lyne , cases , 20 , deaths , C ; Leeds , cases , 15 , death , 1 ; other towns , &c , cases , 193 , deaths , 9 S- Scotland—Dundee , cases , 23 , deaths , 13 ; other towns , cases , 7 , deaths , 5 . General total , cases , 1 , 091 , deaths , 434 . ^ rtllr . fiTra t"Ir iiacoe - ? r » n ( Vi't . n < t . ~ -Q t Dnfhnnl /^ J ** ort * %
Wednesday . —Return of cases of Cholera reported to the General Board of Health : —London and vicinity—Lambeth , cases , 14 , deaths , H ; Bermondsey , cases , 24 , deaths , 8 ; Rotherhithe , cises , 7 , deaths , 3 ; Southwark , ca ? e 3 , 35 , deaths , 13 ; Is ' ewl ington , cases , 43 , deaths , 21 ; Bethnal Green , cases , 3 G , deaths , 24 ; Shoreditch , cases , 10 , deaths , 10 ; other localities in London , ease 3 , 261 , deaths , 92 . Total , cases , 430 , deaths , 185 . England and Wales —Liverpool , cases , 154 , deaths , 49 ; Merthyr Tydvil . cases , 14 , deaths , 5 ; Dowlaia , cases , 20 , deaths , 9 ; Plymouth , cases , 23 , deaths , 1 . 3 ; Kewcastle-under-Lyne , cases 25 , deaths , -4 ; other towns , cases , 164 , deaths , 73 . Total , cases , 400 , deaths , 153 . Scotland—Dundee , cases , 37 , deaths , 13 ; other towns , « fcc ., cases , 10 , death 3 . Total , cases , 47 , deaths , 16 . General total , cases , S 77 , deaths , 354 .
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- i— - «»> - : — MUTINY ON BOARD THE AMELH , OF GLASGOW . ( From the Slapping and Mercantile Gazette . ) - We hare received the following account of a daring mutiny on boanl this vesw-l , which resulted in the loss of seven lives . The schooner Amelia was on her passage from the coast of Mexico to Hong Kong , having on board specie in gold and silver amounting to about £ 60000 , and which led to the sanguinary occurrences thst took place- The Amelia was commanded by Mr . Robert L . Macnally , a Scotchman ; besides whom a Spaniard , Don . Ram ^ n Alva , acted as supercargo and principal master . The crew consisted of nineteen persons , only two of whom , lads about eighteen , were BrrWi subjects namely , Thomas Gannon and Charles M'Donald ; the re
mainder were Dutchmen , Norwegians , French , Spanish , Portuguese , and Jfexicans . Tlvre were besides , a » passeng-rs , a Mr . and Mrs . Sarah Selina Cookc , and her female servant . The mutiny bro ^ c out abnut two o ' clock « ro the morning of the 3 rd of October last ypar , and appears to have been who'ly confined to three of the crew , Jp ? e Torres , Andres Baidibiza , and Jose Calero . The second- mate . Caetano Gom ^ z , who had charge of the- watch , was attacked and murdered bv these ruffians , when Mr . Alva came up ' -n d ° ck , followed by Mr . Co ^ -ke , the passenger . The former was immediately stabbed in several places } he managed , however , to set down into the cabin to arm himself and alarm Mr .
Afacnally , but when endeavouring t « force his way upon deck , sword in hand , he was mortally stabbed when ha had reached the top of the comp mjnn ladder . Mr . Cooke , the passenger , was theii next victim ; he ws s a ^ bed and thrown overboard . The mutineers then went forward , called the larboard watch , and showing their bloody knives , told them they had murdered every one aft except Mr . Macnally , Mrs Cooke and her servant , Mary Hudson ; that they , the mutineers , . ' ¦ ere in command of the vessel , and if one of them refused to obey their orders he would be instantly
murdered . The remainder of the cvew , having no arms to defend themselves , had no alternative but to submit ; large stones and pieces of lead were then handed upon deck for ihe purpose of destroying Mr . Macnally , who was still confined to the cabin . At eight o ' clock in the morning it was communicated t » him . that if he would lay down h s arms and submit quietly , they w < mld not take his life ; these trras he refused , but said if they would allow him and the . two women the pig , with the necessaries he required , he would give them no . further trouble , and would direct them the course to steer . After a consultation this
was promise : ] , and having got from him the course for v * alabrigo , orders were given top * epare the boat ; the vessel was at this time lying to Trusting to their fa-th , he went on deck unarmed , when he was seized and thrown overboard with weights ; the schooner then filled , anil made all sail . The next proceedings of these ruffians were what misht be expected of them ; they dressed themselves in the clothes of those they had mu'dered ; took all the gold and distributed it amongst the crewj destroved all papers and writings which they considered offensive , with many valuables , which were thrown overboarJ , and finally got at the wine , and became more or less intoxicated . The following day , the 4 th , J . Smit , a Dutchman ; W . Peter , a Norwesian ; Frank Geering , of St . Michael ' s ; Jenn Berenger , of Bordeaux ; and Joze de Averasturi , * a Spaniard , of
Bilboa , proposed a plan to recover the yessel that niuht , which they communicated to the rest of the crew , four excepted , whom they Avere afraid to trust . Having prepared for their enterprise an adze , thepnmp breaks , some boardinspikes , &c .. a * eleven o ' clock Jan Smit despatched Torres and BaHibiza , who who were sleeping upon deck , and then fell upon Calero , whom he overcame after a smart straggle . The Louies of these ruffians were then thrown overboard , and Jan Smit took the command with the consent of the crew , the lad Gannon being engaged to navigate the vessel . Their first intention was to have returned to Mazatlan , but the state of the weather , which came on to blow , prevented this , and the course was shaped for the Sandwich Islands , where , after a tempestuous passaee , she arrived safelvat Honolulu , on the 12 th of Oct ., 1819 .
The precedin ? part of this narrative has been r . f a inelan"h « ly character : what follows is more pleasing . After the mutineers had been got rii of ,, the money which had been distributee ! among the crew was all brought aft and deposited in the cabin—a meritorious instance of good faith and honesty amon ? so many men of different countries . Through the judicious arrangements of Mr . filler , her Majesty's Consul-General foi- the Pac'fic Island " , residing at Honolulu , specie , amonnting to 237 . 684 dollars , was safely lan'led and taken charge of by him ; a list was likewise taken of the effects of those who b'd been murdered ; and , in fact , everything in the vessel was safely secured through the exertions of Mr . Miller , to whom much praise is due . -It may be useful to mention that among the papers found on board the
Amelia were three bills of lading , with corresponding letters of advice and instructions from Jecker , Torre , and Co ., of Mazatlan ; one for 150 , 000 dolhrs . conskrned to Messrs . Turner and Co , of Hong Kong , but for account and risk of Messrs . Fin ' ey , Hodgson , and Co ., of London ; another for 120 , 000 dollars , to Messrs . Turner and Co ., of Hong Kong , in payment for a enrjo previously ordered for shipment in the Amelia on her arrival in China . The third bill of lading was for 1 , 379 dollars , in favour of Mr . J . A . Durran , of Macao ; 1 G . 304 dollars were landed , for which no bills of lading or other document could be found . We have now the gratification to state that Jan Smit , of Rotterdam , whose conduct on this
occa-« ion is above all praise , has been presented with £ 1 , 100 by several of the insurance . companies ; and also with a valuable sextant , by Ashdown , of Finchlane , with the following inscription : — " Presmted to Mr Jan Smil . of Rotterdam , bv the Coporalion of the Royal Exchange , the Corporation of the London , the Indemnity Mutual Marine , the Marine , and the Alliance , Marine Insnnnce Companies of London , in testimony of their lii ? h estimation of Mr .. Smit ' s services , and fheir especial appreciation of the fidelity and courage displayed by him in rescuing the schooner Amelia , of Glasgow , " and her valuable cargo , out of the hands of mutineer * , dunng her voyage from Mazatlan to China , in the year 1848 . " London , Aug . 1 , 1 S 49 . "
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~ a i i i - ¦ . , ¦ i i I ., i I I PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANCIAL REFORM " -ASSOCIATION . The first aggregate , meeting * of-this association w . isheld ' on Monday ni g ht in Drury-lane Theatre . The building was crowded in every part ; and upon the stage we observed , among many other members of the association , Sir Joshua Walmsley , M . P ., the President ; Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart , M . l \ , Lord Nugent , M . P ., Feargus O'Connor , M . P ., Mr . C . Lushirigton , M . P ., Mr . G . Thompson , M . P ., Count Pulszki , Mr . S . Harford , the Rev . T . Spencer , Mi-. W . A . Wilkinson , Mr . " \ Y . Williams , Mr . T . Trout , SirF . Knowles , Bart ., Mr . C . Wordsworth , Mr . Miall , 4 c . Sir J . Walmsley presided ; and he commenced the proceedings by detailing the order of business . In the course of his remarks he read the following letters , from Mr . ' Hume , M . P ., and Mr . Cobden , M . P ., who were unable to give their attendance : — T > A T > x T »¦» •¦ TT'iTn « " t » « t ¦ : vr-r < - «¦>¦>*'* ¦»¦»¦•¦•¦»¦ ~» t •*¦* ti m / - \ t * i
Mr Dear Sir Joshua , —I am sorry to be obliged to write to yon instead of presenting myself , as I hud intended , at the meeting on the 13 th , but the packets do not admit of my being in London until the evening of the Mtli . If you will offer an excuse to the meeting for the disappointment jou mil oblidge me , as every , day I live and everything 1 learn convinces me more and more that there is no chance of efficient financial reform , nor of any other reform , until the House of Commons shall be reformed , and the power of the people in that house increased ; and I am satisfied that nothing less than the reform which the bill I propose to ask leave to introduce in the next session will
afford it I trust that the notice I have given will induce re formers generally to consider the situation of the country ana the helpless condition in which the industry of tlif country is placed by the class legislation which has so lo »^ existed . But as the reform is entirely in the power of the electors . I trust we shall find them alive to the dutv they owe to themselves , as well as to the non-electors . I shall persevere to urge reform on the government and on the House of Commons ; -but unless we have support from without , and the aid of the electors , we shall not succeed . — wishiugjoua good meeting , I rem ; un , yours sincerely , Sir Joshua Walmsley , JLP . Joseph Hume .
tastbonrne , Sussex , August 7 . 154 U , bra , —« ill you be good enough to express to the committee my regret that absence from town will prevent m > > ein £ present at the next meeting of the MtStropolitau ami I arliamentary Reform Association . You have many years of good work before you , and it will not , therefore , be amiss to keep an army of reserve for another campaign . In the meantime you are doing battle heroically ; and I remain , Sir , your obedient servant , E . Whitty , Esq . RicnAJtD Cobdes . The honourable Chairman then proceeded to sny that it was highly honourable to the metropolis that this association had so rapidly developed the necessity for a large , substantial , and permanent measure of reform ; that in the short spnee of six months many prejudices of long existence had been
removed ; that tuey had been enabled to give confidence to their fellow-rnen in the integrity of their purpose ; and that they were now standing forth as men determined , by every means in their power , to promote the great . and good objects they had set forth . For this efficiency they were deeply indebted to the able , earnest , and zealous labourers of the members composing the council . These gentlemen h . id been told that the middle classes were apathetic , and "the masses chilled into indifference . They , however , applied the test of public meeting to the assumed fact , arid the result had been that no building had been found suffieientlv capacious to receive
the thousands who thronged to give their adhesion to the cause * of freedom and advancement . ( Ilear , hear . ) But the great feature which distinguished this movement from all others in the history of poitical agitation was the momnntous fact , thai the link that had been broken between the two great classes had again been welded , firmly , and he trusted for ever , for tho just purpose of social ! ind political renovation . ( Hear , hear . ) By means of this union the association had already become a " great fact . " But to be truly powerful for good ; the sphere of its labours must be widely and broadly enlarged *; its members must be zealous in support of their opinions , and the principles for which thev
were associated must be carried out in a fearless ^ and an uncompromising spirit . ( Hear , hear . ) . The object was worthy of their efforts . They would emancipate their fellow men from the ' state of moral degradation under which they laboured ; they would restore the spirit of the constitution ; they would place property upon a . safe ami permanent basis ; and make that a " fact" which had hitherto been purely a' fiction , by causing the institutions of the country to live in the hearts and the affections of the people . ( Cheers . ) At present , our political existence was a perpetual turmoil , nnsuited to the habits and genius of the people . Tho masses throughout the country were everywhere sullen and discontented . The middle classcsgroancd under the pressure of unequal and unnecessary
taxation . ( Ilear . ) There was an antagonism between the people apd their representatives of a character so extraordinary that no social , or scarcely any social or political amelioration could be obtained , unless by means of an agitation alike Injurious to the temper , the interests , and the means of the country . ( Hear , hear . ) A glance at our parliamentary history would at once show the necessity for a thorough reform in the representation . Look only at the last session . The only great national question which had passed the legislature was the crowning-act of free-trade—the repeal of the navigation laws . But this was not the' fault of the representatives of the large constituencies . They had continually brought before thchouse great and important measures of reform ; but how they had been
treated he left the meeting to say . How had that measure of financial reform , almost the only great subject from which a reduction ef expenditure could be obtained—the motion of Mr . Cobacn , for placing the naval and military establishments of the country upon the footing of 1835 , after 20 years of profound peace—boon treated ? Why , it had been rejected by a majority of 275 to 78 . ( Hear , hear . ) ifow hud tho motion of Mr / Hume for an amendment in tho national representation been received by the House of Commons ? It had been rejected by a majority of 208 to S 3 . ( Hear , hear . ) How had Mr . Berkeley's motion for the ballot been treated ? It had been rejected by a majority of 236 to 85 . ( Hear , hear . ) n . id Mr . O'Connor's motion been received with any more consideration ? 2 fo ; for it had been
kicked out by a majority of 221 to lo . ( Hear , hear . ) Ifor had Mr . Osborne ' s motion for a committee into that great abortion the Irish state church been treated any better . Although many of the Irish members supported that motion , it was rejected by a majority of 170 to 103 . ( Hear , hoar . ) In fact , every measure calculated to reduce tho burdens of the people or to elevate their position had been similarly treated ; and they would continue to be so treated until tho House of Commons was made—not in name only but in reality—the people's houjo . ( Cheers . ) lie should conclude by reminding the meeting that there were few objects of higher , purer , or more ennobling interest than those for which they were associated . It was for the people of this country to say whether those objects should be accomplished . ( Cries of " They shall . " ) They were of vital importance ; but the cost must be
calculated . ( Hear , hear . ) The subject , he repeated , was a vital one ; and it might be embodied in one simple question — whether a territorial oligarchy should be allowed to pervert and override the spirit of the constitution ^ cries of " Uo , no , " ami cheers ); or whether the people , by the oxortion of thuir moral power , should vindicate their majesty , and send forth happiness ,- peace , sind contentment to every portion of the empire . ( Cheers . ) The report of the council having been read , The CiuniMAX then said it was intended that this report should bo printed and circulated as widely as possible ; and he need only say , that , if so thoroughly approved , as he fancied it was , by the present meeting , they could show to the council that they really and heartily concurred in it , by supporting the association of which this was the manifesto . ( Cheers . ) lie would now call upc . n the honourable member for Westminister to address
them . Mr . Charles Lusijixgtojj , M . P ., then stood forward , and was received with cheering . He said : Perhaps the meeting would excuse him for adverting for one moment to the disadvantage which lmd accrued to this meeting by the absence of Mr . Hume , who was to have addressed them first on this occasion . This privation , however , afforded him ( Mr . Lushington ) tho opportunity of paying a cordial though inadequate tribute to the transcendent merits of that excellent man and admirable statesman , ( near , hear . ) Mr . Hume began his career of correcting public abuses at a time when , according to the prejudice of the day , to advocate reform was almost to contend for treason ; but notwithstanding the calumnies of the enemies ot and
liberty , he pursued his course steadily undauntedlv , though reviled by the antagonists of reform in language full of the greatest malignity and virulence . Still he pursued his even course , until after a long lapse of years ho succeeded in conferrin" on his country inestimable benefits in the shape of extinction of abuses , and reduction of national expenditure . Their gratitude , therefore , was emphatically due to that venerable and consistent reformer . Mr . Hume . ( Cheers . ) In the House of Commons a particular scat was allotted to him —( a laugh)—into which , when he was present , no other member thought of intruding ; and he has tliua a public compliment paid to him . The present generation celebrated his devotion , and they must lools forward , when his sun should wane , when nature and final decreeand th
should assert her stern , ey were called upon to resign him , to the time when a niche would be assigned to him in the temple ot public gratitude , where the memory of patriotic deeds was consecrated and embalmed . ( Uieei * . ; Turning , however , to the immediate business ot the evening— ( Ilcar , hear)— this was , he thought ,- the last meeting of the metropolitan constituencies which had boon visited by the Metropolitan Reform Association . Now , so far from considering the delay that had taken place on the part of the association in visiting Westminster , he regarded it as a mark of confidence , because Sir Joshua Walmsley and his council were sure of them ~ they knew that in Westminster ,-reform , whether prompt or tardy , whether ample or scanty—reform in every shnpe andmeasur ^ was acceptable to Westminster , He
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rejoiced most sincerely in that exercise of good sense and manly * * feeling which had produced a union of sentiment and exertion on the part of the various sections of the community entertaining rtittercnt political opinions , a union whwh , lie might sately assert , not all the machinations of the enemies ot freedom , however they might conspire , would be ablo successfully to resist . ( Cheers . ) Iheyoico of the people , speaking from the wise coalition between the middle class and the great body ot the artisans and the population of the country , hud proclaimed the approaching doom and early downfall of that offensive and detestable exclusiveness , which had hitherto deprived tho great portion of the people of their proper share in the .. nini / in . l « . _ . '* ""¦ ¦¦'«" -. ¦ . *¦ - *
ropresenianon . ( Hear , hear . ) Ami was not such n combination required ? Was it not indispensable ? Look at the * House "" of Commons . How were the people represented there ? [ A Voice , "Not at all . " " Where were the people ' s friends there ? What were their number Why , u , 0 lai fc number wll 0 5 up ift « , ?;^ ' C J ? . , w « s eighty-four . Motion fSh ' ;^ , on f ° rhbml -P ^ POsearand the effectuaff thPvS ° nns Wi - ™ . ? tiv « l l » y large najorities . tinTiJlpS nT > d * detail 8 of tlw represent !! - hr ?' JvZtZ ° hnd thnt oufc of 85 D . 000 electors , sevefiteentlfn ^ , ° \ ° "Plantation , only onetrhlcK l 0 ™ 1 atnu « lb ° 1 ' belo"Rod to the Industiialclasses . ( Cheers . giii . » iv ' *)" .., «• . ...= „„ , w »
„ tint it Lnn ) S ( nr ^ C CVi and we ™ determined that it should be redressed . The fact thrn was ™ T £ gr * # * ofthe nousfo ' f &S was a mockery . Ilence , the people wore taxed Eton Hi " m : llavin * ° *««» » ' « ™ « pS ™ ih , ™ % T eXercisc no control over the expenditure of the country , fed as ifc was by the 0 S ° ^ , and r rdinate ^ Xiltion ^ which the people wow mn ( ie compulsory contributors to an enormous extent , when ho told them that , taking the annual expenses oftl . e nation at fifty-six millions , the diking classes contribute thirty-two millions oi that sum . ( Shame . ) Under our present svstem he right of man not to bo taxed without his consent was constantly violated . That groat man , that admirable statesman and just Lord Chancellor , Camden , enunciated this magnificent principle , eighty years ago , in lansjuage that had been treasured up and reiterated bv ' a OT ' . at « fnI nftstM'iJv
and the force and truth of which could not be weakened" by multiplied citation . During the American war that great man said : — " Taxation and representation are inseparably united ; God Jia ? joined . tlicin together ; no British Parliament can put tliom asunder . My position is this—I repeat , and I will repeat it , and shall maintain it to my last hour—taxation and representation are inseparable . Their coalition is founded on the laws of the constitution and of nature too ; for whatever is a man ' s own is absolutely his . own . ( Cheers . ) No man has a right to be taxed without his consent , either expressed by himself or his representative . Whosoever attempts to do it , attempts to inflict an injury ; whosoever'docs it commits a robberv . "
( Loud cheers . ) Lord Camden laid down the distinction between liberty and slavery , maintaining that taxation and representation were coeval with and essential to the constitution . These were the words . of the great Lord Camden , one of the most righteous judges and enlightened Chancellors ever known in the English nation . Now , the incontestable fact was , the people of this country were not represented . Nevertheless they were taxed . Therefore , as Lord Camden said , they were robbed . ( Hear , hear . ) They wore robbed , because they were not allowed to exorcise th . 'ifc control over the expenditure which belonged to them , according to the rule of nature and every principle of justice . In the House of Commons seven-eighths ofthe
members were opposed to any reform whatever , He ( Mr . Lushington ) had himself been in minorities of twenty anrt even fourteen ; and the highest minority they had ever obtained was about 100 ; but the lowest was when the People ' s Charter was proposed . ( Crcat cheering . ) lie held in his hand a list of twenty-one propositions made in the House of Commons for reform , every one of * which was negatived by large majorities . Now what was the result ? That the people , as he hnd said before , were not duly represented ; and , what was more , they were left to writhe in compulsory submission to aggravated abuses—abuses flagrant , but unacknowledged ; iniquitous , but unrcdressod . Tim Prime Minister—( groans and hisses )—dreaded the
idea of reform , too ; and what was tho remedy for this state of things ? They could not rely upon tho House of Commons—they must rely upon themselves . ( Cheers . ) They , must secure the amendment of tho elective franchise ; and they must also have universal ¦ suffrage . ( Loud , general , and continued cheerng . ) Universal suffrage was proffered to them by this association , only purified to a small extent to protect it from abuse , and merely to prevent the intermixture of the class of common beggars and common > vagabonds . [ A Voice : Whore ' is the rightofman ? " ] With universal suffrage they must also secure the privilege of the ballot . ( Hear , hear . ) There were mariv other points which time would not permit him
to advert to ; but lie could assure them that he was not aware that he differed very much—although lie must Confess he did in a slight degree—from any ofthe six - points promulgated in the report of the council . But let them for a moment examine tho operation of universal suffrage . Ilqw had it worked in America ? Why , it had there introduced peace amongst ail men and universal satisfaction . They never heard of any tumult or disturbance in consequence of sedition against tho government . Jfo ; because the people were they governors , through their representatives ; and the would not rise up against their own . authority , or commit suicide against their own institutions . ( Cheers . ) Then , again , let them just look across the water to France .
( Hisses , confusion , and a voice— " Rome ! Rome !'') He was merely going to say , with regard to France , that he thought the exercise of universal suffrage had shielded her from a groat deal of evil ; and if in his ardour he had accidentally introduced any element of discord in his remarks , he hoped ho would be excused . ( Hear , hear . ) He , in conclusion , had only ' to ask them to carry out their point steadily and peaceably —( hear , hear)—avoiding the slightest infraction of the law—and they would confound those enemies who might still be looking out to entrap or punish them . They could only carry out their plans by a steady adherence to the law ; and pursuing that course , they could not afford tho sli"htcst pretext for violence . Tho honest
declaration of public opinion , serenely enunciated , according to tlie dictates of law , could not bo battered down by artillery . ( Hear , hear . ) No six-pounders should lurk in the suburbs of tho Horse Guards , the Blues should repose harmlessly in their barracks , and the cause of the people would achieve complete success , because the sovereignty of the people and their inalienable rights would have been constitutionally vindicated . Mr . L . here alluded to the scheme which had been formed in London for obtaining the franchise by the forty-shilling freehold qualification . Mr . Fox , an eminent and steady friend ofthe people ; -bf » d declared , that one county rescued from the aristocracy by the votes ofthe industrious ehissos , would bo tho certain herald
af an important degree of parliamentary reform . —( Cheers . ) The Rev . Thomas Spencer then presented himself to the meeting , and was received with loud and repeated cheering . Meetings of this kind , ho said , wore called agitation ; but they constituted tho n at urn 1 order " of things in the progress of a free country . If they looked to the past , they would find that every great measure which the government of the day had carried was by the assistance of the people , given at meetings of this kind , lie had attended conferences of the Anti-Slavery Society , and ho had seen slavery abolished—he had attended parliamentary committees in favour of tho pennypostage , and ho had seen the penny-postage obtained—ho had attended banquets and conferences
on tho subject of the corn-laws , and he had seen the corn-laws'repealed ; and , 'therefore , - by looking to the past he took courage for tho future . Sir Robert Peel rejoiced that the corn-laws were repealed . He said , but for that we might have had a revolution in the country . ( Cheers . ) But Sir Roborfc Pool should remenibor ., aiid Lord John llussell —( hisses)—should remember , too , that there were other things besides the corn-laws—that there were other dangers besides the want of'free trade—that there were rocks a-head which they should avoid , or' else the country would still be subject to turmoil and insurrection . ( Cheers . ) The danger to tin ' s country and to every country in Europe , was excessive taxation , and a ~ monopoly of legislation . - ( Loud cheers . ) The
country had a national debt and an amount of taxation which it could scarcely bear , and which was not necessary for good government . Oil the contrary , when Sir- llobcrt Peel said they must go to the cheapest market for their goods , he would find that that was equally advantageous in the case of good ( jovornmont . The empire of Austria had-an' expensive government which was not good ; the United States had a cheap government , and yet it was a good one . ( Loud cheers . ) There was no need of hfty-four millions to govern the country . it would be better governed for forty millions . Tho President of the United States had £ 5 , 000 a year , and the Secretaries of State ; had £ 1 , 000 a year each ; and they did their duty as well as Lord John
Russell—( chcers ) -or any other minister of state in this country . He would not reduce the ' salaries of this country to that amount —( a voice , " I would" )—but ho would say that ; i ! l expenses ought to bo reduced . There was no need to give Qtieen Adelaide £ 100 , 000 a year , ( loud cheers ); there was no need , unless Lord Brougham could be brought to do them greater service , to give him £ 5 , 000 a year —( laug hter and cheers )—there was no need to givo the descendants of "the illegitimate children of Charles the Second several thousands a year . Besides the danger from excessive taxation , there was a certain source of discontent in every man not haying a vote . It was not in human nature that six men out of every seven should stand by and see that they were counted for nothing . It was not in human
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nature , that at an election , when a show of hands was called for , and the people had a majority on the show of hands , when a poll was demanded , on that occasion six men out of every seven were told , you arc nobody—you are not free men , it is only i ' ree men who have a riarht to vote—only persons who have a certain qualification . . So long as this state or things continued there could not be peace and contentment in the minds ofthe population ; so long as this cotitinucd this country was like a pyramid standing on its point , instead of on its broad " base . ( Loud choors . ) There wore t . wo things united together in this society—Parliamentary and Financial Reform . But though they were two ' distinct things , both were necessary to each other . Just as a man might say he had come to mow their fields , anil in . "• .
order to do this he had brought his scythe with him or a man might say he was ready to catch the mts which infested their houses , and he had brought a ferret and his dogs to do it . ( Laughter and cheers . They had a fine ferret in Ihe Liverpool Financia Reform Association —( laughter , )—which had ferreted out many abuses , ami they had now also many fine dogs —( cheers)—not greedy dogs that could never have enough , not sleepy dogs lying down , loving to slumber , but faithful watchdogs known by the names of Joseph Hume and Richard Cobden—( cheers)—arid with tho assistance of the ferret and the dogs he had no doubt these rats would in tho end be ferreted out . ( Cheers . ) But he would be told that as a clergyman he ought to encourage every man to be quiet and contented , and not to
meddle with men that were given to change . He would bo told that it was his duty to preach peace and good order in the country . Well , he believed that this was tho only way of doing it . ( Loud cheers . ) Ho was never more sure that lie was doing his Master ' s work than when he tried to diminish the sum of human misery . ( Cheers . ) Of all things he was most certain that it was the will of Almighty God to promote the happiness of all men—lie believed it was his will that men should not be slaves , but that their hearts should be filled with joy and gladness ; and he believed he was most doing his will when he tried to remove ovil and to promote happiness . When ho heard that the powers that be were ordained of God , and that they ought not to resist the powers , he believed that they were only to do so SO for as those powers made men happv .
He believed that it was the will of God that governments should live for the people , not that people should be for the governments ; he believed it was the will of God that the constitution of this country should be kept to . Sow , the powers of this country were the Kings , Lords , and Commons . The Kiiilr they did not meddle with—they were good loyal subjects to the Queen . ( Loud cheers . ) Neither did they wish to interfere with the House of Lords , but they did say that with regard to tho House of Commons there must be some mistake . Tho powers that be were ordained of God , that the Commons should represent the people at large—the working classes , the trading classes , tho commercialclasses , the tax-paying classes , the men who created the wealth of the country , those were the men who
ought to elect the House of Commons . ( Loud cheers . ) What would they , say if there was a King upon the throne who had no right to be there ? Surely that could not be one of the powers that bo . Or what would they say if there were members in the House of Peers who had no ri ght either by birth or by creation , to sit on the benches ? And so what would they say when they found that the House of Commons was filled with naval and military officers , with pensioners , withsonsof thearistocracy , withanybody but the commons of tho realm . ( Loud cheers ' ?) There was another objection offered to the reform that they desired , and which they would have . ( Cheers . ) Lord John Russell said , that all the > eople had a right to was good government , They lad no right , he said to universal suffrasre . Thev
had no right for every man to have a vote , but they had a right to be well governed , and it was for them to judge whether tho present suffrage or some modification of it , or whether universal suffrage , would secure good government . In liis opinion , he said universal suffrage would not do so , but a limited suffrage would . Now , in the first place , Lord John llussell forgot that a great deal depended upon who was to answer the question . He , as a member of tho government , thought that a system excluding six out of seven men was tho best ; and perhaps the officers of tho army and navy , tho Queen Dowager , Lord Brougham , and a number of others in similar circumstances , would think the same . But the question was , what did the people of England think ? Let the working men of this country have
this question sent to them , and what would be their answer ? ( Hear , hear . "AH , all . " ) Yes , their answer would be : " All—every man ! " Because then agriculture , labour , merchandise , arts—all would liavo fair play : and every member of parliament would study the' wants and wishes of all , and government would exist for the good of all . The honourable gentleman then stated that he had been in the United States at the time of an election , and all went on so quietly , that if he had not been told , he would not have known such a thing was going on . Ho proceeded to remind the meeting that there wore lately in this country the directors of certain railroads who said to tho shareholders—let us alone —hold your tongues , and we will manage your railways for you , but if you begin to question us we
shall resign . Well , tor a time the shareholders were good boys—they did as they were bid—they did not interfere ; but by and by they began to find out that the directors were playing the rogue , and then , as every man had a vote , they took the matter into their own hands . Now the people of England wore the shareholders—the aristocracy wore the directors —( loud cheers)—and they said , leave us to manage everything—don ' t you interfere . ( Loud cheers and laughter . ) But the people found out that their affairs were not well managed , and therefore they were determined to take their affairs in their own hands . They did not see whv the working men
should pay fifty per cent , of their incomes for government , the middle classes twenty-five , and the wealthy classes five . ( Cheers . ) They did not see that the working classes should pay to the government 2 s . 2 d . on every pound of tea , and that the richest should pay no more . They did not sec that the grocer should be turned into a tax gatherer . The working classes of England ought not to pay more than their fair share of tho taxation , but he was sure there was not one of them who would refuse to pay his fair share ; and he trusted that before two years passed away they would achieve this great consummation . ( Loud cheers . )
Lord Dudley Stuart then presented himself , and was greeted with enthusiastic and prolonged applause , which was prolonged by a gentleman on the > latform excl . iimin . sr , " Three cheers for Hungary , " when the vast audience , en inasse , by shouts and waving of handkerchiefs , testified their enthusiasm in the cause . The Chairman hero announced that Count Pulszky was on the platform , and this again excited the enthusiastic cheering of the meeting . Lord D . Stuart proceeded , at length , to say that this was indeed a great moment for him . The cheer which the meeting had given , not for his own name but for that of Hungary —( renewed cheers)—would resound from the banks of the Thames to those of the Danube * and the Theiss ; and ho prayed that
they might urge on the gallant patriots—not only in their struggle against oppression , but in their hour oftrinmpimnt victory . ( Great applause . ) But the meeting had not been assembled to discuss ' any topics of foreign policy , although the enthusiasm which reigned in their hearts for all who , in whatever clime , wove struggling for their rights , harl burst forth in a noble strain , and for a moment diverted attention from the object of the evening . ( Hear , hoar . ) It was not for him to return thanks for that noble ebullition of feeling . The honourable chairman had announced that there was present one of Hungary ' s noblest patriots— [ at this point the enthusiasm o ' f the meeting ' was greatly increased by the chairman'pointing to Count r . ulszky , who was forth with called in front of tho stage , and '
accommodated with a prominent seat]—who boforo they separated would probably express his feelings at tins noble episode in so magnificent a meeting . ( Great applause . ) After the many eloquent speeches upon the subject of financial and parliamentary reform , lie had not the vanity to suppose ' he could adduce ariy new arguments in fuvo- r of' these important objects . Every person of reflection in the kingdom must feel that financial reform was necessary , and that the means of obtaining it lay through reform in parliament . ( Hear , hear . ) What need of argument to show that financhl reform was required , when every school-boy was aware that the expenditure ofthe country was ten millions greater than'it was ten years ago . ( Cheers . ) The great evil of this country was unequal and excessive
taxation . The remedy tor the evil wnsptirhnmentnry reform . ¦ There must always be unequal conditions . But wo need not have a system of taxation pressing more hardly upon the poor than upon the rich . ( Hoar , hoar . ) Wo might have a-more equitable svstem ; we need not have every article consumed b " y the poor highly taxed . ' By the assistance of- a league , similar to that which they were now assembled to promote , the will of the people had been made known , and the tax upon the staff of life got rid of ; but there were other articles consumed-by the poor , which were heavily taxed—tea , tobacco , beer ( through the malt-tax ) , and light and air , through the window-tax . ( Hear , hear . ) And
he was sorry to add that , in the metropolis , at least , water was also subjected to a heavy tax—a tax which' might not be paid to . the collector of the government , ' but which was a griovance- 'thattho inhabitants of the metropolis , and of niost towns in England , laboured under , an'd which ho' hoped , ere long , would be removed . ( Hear , hear . ) ' It was to remove grievances of this' sort' that the association had been formed . ; It was only by such agitation as this'assefciatiori . would -persevere , with that they could effect the purpose ot relieving the people from the crushing injustice of unequal taxation . Ho had himself been a stronuous opponent of tho inooinetax , and it might bo said , " if you mean to takeoff taxeasuch as you have mentioned , money must be
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raised to meet the obligations of the countrv , and you must come to direct taxation . " It was pericety true that he . had opposed the income tax might and mm ., l » ,, tl . eh » d iiou . p ,. osed a propertytax . ( Cheer .. Jlo had not ln-c ,, told bv tho governnicnt , " "Wo will take otF thu window-tax , abolish the duty upon tea or tobacco , ' or en-iblo tho poor man to buy liis comforts and necessaries -it -i cheap rate ; " but lie had heard them sav " We must have an income-tax of five per cent ., ' to meet the necessities of the state . ( Hear , hear . ) . Let ifc be remembered that an income-tax « as not a property-tax ; but he believed the best thing that could be done for the people would be to take off tho taxes ho had mentioned , and establish , not an income-tax , but an onuitablo pronertv-t-ax , ( Hear ,
hear . ) He believed that the same amount of money which was now raised could lie raised by less oppressive means . Iteducc the duty upon tea , and the revenue would be equal to ita present amount , whilst the poor would ho licnofitted . It had been so with coffee . The duty had been reduced , whilst the revenue derived from it was the same , if not greater . So it would be with every other- article whieh tho poor consumed . ( Hoar , hoar . ) How then , were they to urge financial reform ? By revolution , anarchy , and viol ence ? ( Cries of " 2 \ b . " ) Such a remedy would be worse than the disease . Tho real remedy was parliamentary reform ;—( hear , hear ) —for until the House of Commons was made what it professed to be , a real representation of the people , it was vain to hope for anv amelioration
ni our condition . This , then , was what the association proposed to effect . First , it would extend the suffrage by extending the right of voting to any man who was rated , however small in amount , or who chose to claim to be rated . He did not know how far such an extension of the suffrage might give universal satisfaction ; but it would bea great and au ininortaut step towards improvement . It would at least effect one purpose ; that , whereas the electoral body was now only a minority of the adult population and the non-electors a largo minority , places would Le changed . The electors would become tho large majority , whilst thoj < o excluded would be the minority ; and , after all , if this was not found sufficient , it would not prevent tho people going further . ( Hear , hear . ) lie had always been
for progressive reform . Long ago he luui voted for what was called the Reform Bill . Now , he voted for what he called the Ik-form Bill ofthe present day , as proposed by the lion , gentleman m the chair . ( Hear , hear . ) The next ' point demanded by the association was tho ballot , which might be called at once the greatest and the least of the points . It was the greatest because the most necessary , aud the most important of all at the present day ; perhaps it would ho tho loust important after all the others had been secured . Although he had voted again and again for the ballot , -ami should do so again whenever it was proposed , he confessed he did not like it . He iv . i . <> ht then be asked why ho voted for it . IIo would say why . For the same reason that lie built a wall round his
garden—to keep out intruders . It was his right ; to be secured ; it was his right that no man should come in and trespass upon his grounds to steal and carry away that which belonged to him ; and although ho would much rather not be put to tho expense of building a wall—although he had much rather it was not necessary to protect the voter by the ballot , he was determined that the voter should Ue free . Therefore it was necessary to afford the voter protection , and therefore he" voted for the ballot . The next point of the association was that of shorter parliaments . On this point he had always entertained strong opinions—stronger than those of many good and earnest reformers . Nothing was more important than to have short parliaments .
lhc people could not continue to be properly represented without , them , for if there was all tho extension of the suffrage- that could bo desired , and they were protected both by their numbers and by the device ofthe ballot from improper interference , they would have no security that their representatives , however fairly chosen , would continue properly for any length of time to represent their opinions ! Three years was the time proposed by association . Some persons might think that too long ; but he said , " let us try that first . " Tho fourth point of tho association was , that of more equal electoral districts . ( Hear , hear . ) It was not noeessiii'y to explain in many wordy upon that point ; for who could think it right or just that a city like Westminster should have no wore members to
represent it than a little fishing town such as Harwich , and other p laces of no greater moment ? Upon all these points , then , he ngrcepd ; and he was anxious to promote their being " passed into a law . He was also in favour of the otlier point urged by the association—the abolition of the property qualification . ( Ilear , hear . ) One word more respecting the association . It had for its object and its effect to unite the working and middle classes . ( Cheers . ) Henceforth they were united for a common object , Union was strength ; by union , they would ' obtain their object ; and those who would attempt to sow disunion among them wero their greatest enemies . ( Hear , hear . ) Those who bound the different classes together , and amalgamated them , as far as possible , all into one , were a
nation's greatest benefactors . But the greatest of all enemies , in his wind , were those who , by promoting class legislation , gave to one class of the people a right to be banded together in aversion and dislike to another class , who established in a country discontent and disunion , not as a transient evil , biit as a lasting and ci : ronic malady . Therefore he honoured this association , and wished to support it , because it sought to destroy all class legislation—all legislation for the benefit of one set of men in the country and not for the benefit of all . The Chairman' next introduced to the meeting Lord Nuokxt , who was very favourably received . His lordship began by saving that he could assure them with t ' m utmost truth that he did not come
there with tho slightest intention of offering any observations , norwasithis wish or desire to do so ; but if he said that he mot the call of their worthy chairman with anything but pride and pleasure , lie should besin his a ' udrcss to a party of reformers with a lie . " AVhcn evil men conspired , good men must combine . " ( Hear , hear . ) Nothing was to be done in this country but by the union and combination of those who were ready to compromise their minor differences of opinion in order to make head against the combination of corruption , interest , and tyranny , which was now endeavouring to stop tho course of reform . ( Cheers . ) He had come to the meeting that night without knowing what the contents of the report they had heard read were to be : but he knew that ho should meet friends who had
been linked with him for years in the cause ofthe people , and was satisfied that at an assemblage like the present his principles were safe . But he must confess that in one point he could have wished to see the report differently worded . The report contended for tho representation being thrown open to all who paid rates of the smallest sort ; but he saw no just limit to the principle of representation excepting as combined with universal suffrage . ( Loud cheers . ) He had never been able to seethe common sense of what was called money qualification of any sort . ( Cheevs . ) All who paid , taxes , directly or indirectly , were entitled to the benefit of tho principle that connected representation with taxation . Every man who ate bread contributed , directly or indirectly , to the taxation of the country . And although * tho odious bread-tax now happily
remained only matter of shameful history , yet so long as any one ' of the implements of husbandry , or the land itself on which corn was grown , was taxedso long as tho timber was taxed by which they made the ship that imported com—so long , m a word , as any duty was paid on any article that tended either to produce or import corn , let them not be told thnt bread was untaxed , ( Cheers . ) Everyman , then , who ate bread , the staff of life , paid a tax to the state ; and he ( Lord Nugent ) adopted the immortal words of Lord Camden , before quoted , to the effect that taxation without representation was robbery . ( Cheers . ) lie had no right to use a harsh phrase towards any man because he did not happen to see a subject in the same light as himself ; but he had a perfect right to use hard
words hypotiietically against himself . ( Laughter . ) Therefore , if with his present opinions , he ever found himself voting in tho House of Commons for a tax or grant public money , and was not prepared immediately afterwards to support universal suffrage , ho " should consider himself a thief and a robber . ( Cheers and laughter . ) , Now , ho could understand how property qualification bore 'upon the suffrage . It was assumed early in our parliamentary history that a certain money qualification was a test , very imperfect , but yet some kind of a test , of a certain amount of intelligence and independence . ( Laughter . ) The intelligence » nd independence were tlie things therefore to have the vote the money being merely the test ; but now we confounded tho tost with the things of which it was tho test : we looked not for intelligenc *\ ind independence in the voter , bat " merely for the tost that had ceased to be so—namely , the mo&cy . qualification .
Then , -with regard to tho ballot ,, he ditterea wuu the noble lord who had previously addressed them . Ho confessed that , even if human nature was perfect , ho would have no objection to secret voting . Ut a candidate ask him what wero his opinions and principles , "and he would be ready to avow them ; but if ho asked him for whom he would give his vote , ho would tell him that his vote was his property , and to be administered lil > e every other property , for the general bene 3 t . ¦ "Ho had' as much right to put a ball in the ballot-box as he had to keep his will sealed , till it should be proved and administered . Did they not imposo an oath of secrecy , in order to guarantee the juryman from corruption , oppression , or violence ? Apply that , then , to elections which they applied to juries and let them not be told that it was unmanly or un-English , until , we were disposed to striko trial by jury piit ; of-the English code . ( Cheers . ) ' Now , the meeting had ^ o avow these' principles—they had to- 'opmpuie , " i » support of them ia the face of a powerful ojjpa
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Yexiiiatiox of Mixes . —The Committee of Inquiry into this important subject have now brought their sittinos to a termination , and we are informed that , from the evidence which has been laid before them , the views ofthe committee are not at all favourable to the system of ventilation now adopted in the midland counties collieries . It appears that since the last inquiry , in 1 S 39 , little or no improvement has been made in the system of ventilation in these districts ; while in the north of England a n-adual system of scientific improvements is evidently being generally adopted . The report will shortly he published in detail , when facts will sptak for themselves . —Birmingham Journal .
The " Natiox" Newspaper . —The question debated for the last fortnig ht amongst English and provincial journals , whether the government would interfere with the re-issue ofthe Ration , received on Fridav week a practical answer . The securities , preliminary to the registration of the paper , and he proprietor ' s declaration , were perfected before the Comptroller-General of Stamps and the officers of the Stamp Office . Jlr . Duffy is proprietor and editor ; Mr . Williams , publisher and manager of the commercial department ; Mr . Delanv , printer ; and the journal , we presume , will appear before the cud of the month . —Freeman ' s Journal .
Civil Libektt under a Bxrmuc . —La Jiepul-Viqna announces the discharge from the prison of La Force of twenty-eight individuals , who have been detained there since the insurrectionary movement ofthe 13 th of June . Amongst them is M . Charles Expilly , a sub-editor of L * MpttbUgue , who snys that he has suffered imprisonment . luring fifty-six days for having cried " Vive U Constitution I ABabLec cubed biIIolwwat ' s Oistmest-asd Pitts ^ FTER TivEs rr TEABs Sdffeiukg . — Extract of letter from Mr Andrew Brack . Uactemith , Eyemouth , dated August 0 1818— " To Professor HoUoway : Sir , I have the pleasure to ' inform youthatl have obtained a most extraordinary c ^ rfby the use of your celebrated Oi ptment and P . 1 W . lor upwards of twenty ¦ yeais I suffered wiUi a dreadful bad leg . anddurin- that time I consulted several eminent surgeons , but ft&orts foiled to do any K oou . I then had recourse t oyon ^ intaenf and pills , wluch / with the Uwr of " roridenee , have completely healed my leg , aud maite it as sound as ever . ( Signed ) Asdeew Bback . '
Untitled Article
August 18 , 1849 ; . THE NORJHjEM , STAR . * ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ i ¦ ' ~*~~~~ i . . ' ¦¦¦¦ iiiimii
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 18, 1849, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1535/page/7/
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