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taught l > y ti : o platform or .-. t ' jrs , would act uate ilic pspaiatHju . In t : ic name of common sense ami justice , then , vliy should so great an < 1 ) cnefiei : il a change as tliis n jt take place ? " Why should the whole people not have the po . vcrof acting upon " natural and instructive" sentiments , even should they lead as the " Times" threatens—to Mr . Cobdex being turned out of the West Riding , and replaced l > y Lord Johx Masjceus ? That threat ¦ 4--,- * - * Tr * I » 4- 1 , ¦*• 4- ^ m - » - « 1 _ . i- !* .. „ i _ _ . 1 . 1 . _ •_ ,
may frighten } Ir . Cobdex—to us it conveys no terror—not the slightest inducement to pause in our efforts for the achievement of full and complete political emanci pation . We are content to take all the consequences of such a measure . Let the nation only govern itself by its own genuine opinions and will , and there is no fear hut , in the long run , the genuine interests of the xatiox will he properly cared for , and duly attended to .
"Wh y , then , does the " Times ' seek so assiduously to detach Mr . Cobdex and his friends from the new movement ? why so repeatedl y thrust the " raw head and Mood y hones" of Universal Suffrage before them ? " it is clear , according to its own statement , that it is not because the people , as a whole , would be injured by such an extension of political rights . Who would ? The money lords—the machine lords — all who live by usury — all who , through the medium of a system of political economy , which the " Times' itself confesses to be unnatural and opposed to the instinctive
sentiments of human nature , contrive to throw u veil over the grossest selfishness , and the most execrable tyranny—the unchecked and unregulated tyranny of Capital overlabour . These are the clients of the "Times . " We regard its last effusion as an overture from the money-mongers to the machine-owners . Put into plain English it may be stated thus : " Universal Suiiragc would be excellent for the people at large , but it would be very bad for us . The electoral constituencies , as at present composed , arc much more easily amena ble to the peculiar influences we possess . They
can be bribed or intimidated without much difficulty , but if you once give everybody the power of voting Jiud the Ballot to protect it , -what will become of us ? It is all very well to humbug the toiling millions by making Tague speeches about Financial Reform and political freedom , and so forth , but do not be so silly as to give ' the masses' the power of governing themselres . Do not in any way help them to obtain it , or it is all over with your domination and ours . It is true the shoe pinches you an one or two places rather severely , in the
shape of taxation , and avc must admit that these Whigs are too lavish and prodigal in their expenditure , but then you know there is no necessity for going the length of Universal Suffrage to put a stop to that , as far ^ as we are concerned . We have only to unite our forces and we can soon bring the Ministry to terms . Above all , let us implore you not to commit such a suicidal act , as to liberate the people from ilic thraldom of that cunningly contrived system of political economy , which makes them such industrious and willing slaves
to us !" Our readers , Ave hope , will now understand Hie secret of the tender and parental solicitude of the " Times , '' lest the new movement should not be conducted by sincere , prudent , and judicious men ; and they may depend upon our assurance , that whatever changes may subsequently take place in its tone , with respect to the agitation , whateverthe attitude it assumes ,
¦ whether of hostility or of amity , the sentiments ive have expressed will always be at the bottom . —It will and must , as the organ of the usurers , not of England only , but of the world , ever he animated by the most deadly and uncompromising enmity to any measure that promises to give the Labourer a just and Christian participation in the fruits of his labours .
One or two words more , and we have done for the presi nt . In opposition to the "Times " we assert , Unit no real or effective Financial Iteibrm can be made unless it be preceded by a large and substantial measure of Parliamentary lidbrai . The constant and the essential interests of the privileged classes , to whom use and wont lias entrusted the actual Government of the country , inevitably dispose them to an extravagant expenditure . The whole ramifications of our aristocratic system—the style of living—the supposed necessity of keepin * ^ up a certain equipage and retinue—the
temptations to exceed their real income , on the part of the poorer member of the aristocracyand the predominant h-Saeuce which that class possesses in Parliament , are so many , inducements to extravagant Government expenditure , vhifh vx-i as roisfinumisly , ; ind as eertainlv—in the political world—as the force of gravitation in the physical ivorld . At present there is no counteracting influence . The result is seen in the annual augmentations of the expenditure , and the devices which successive G » a ? . cki . i . oi : s of the Exciiequeu have recourse to , in order to wring more
money from the pockets of the wealth producers . When that patient ass — the public — gels a little restive , and Irielcs against the burdens laid on its hack , " the jugglers with figures , who manage financial matters at head-quarters , have a gw-ai variety of tricks by which to pacify him . Sham reductions are made , and , like thethiinble-rhrgcrs , they shift the pea from one place to another , in such a way as to deceive the simple- oii-loolcer . But the real Tnirden is never reduced . A few thousand
sodiers or sailors may be discharged , to enter into compelUloii in " an alrauly-ovorstoelced labour market , and thus still further reduce Ava ^ es . The poorly-paid and hardly-worked clerks in the public offices may have their small incomes reduced ' , ami im < l that two are set to 4 o the work of three , the third having T » een discharged ; the mechanics and artificers jn our dockyards and public works may be treated ifl like manner ; and the cheeseparings effected in this most injurious and nefarious manner , held up to the wonder and admiration of the country , as proofs of the
extreme desire , of the Government to practise economy , as far as possible . Cut the real burdens , we repeat , are never touched . The aristocratic drones in the public hive consume as much honey , and do as little work as ever ; and so it will continue to he , until the people who pay really get possession of the pursestrings . " Anybody and e verybody who talks of obtaining Financial Reform , without first obtaining Parliamentary Kefonn , cither manifests the grossest ignorance , or wishes to deceive . In either case there can be no doubt about the treatment they should receive .
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DESPOTISM IN ENGLAND . A short time since a meeting of Italians re-Bident in London , was held for the purpose of Brain * their people , notte fig ht against the Pope individually , hut against Popery itself , as beta" incompatible with the existence of free p itlcal institutions , and , vith gen uine soc . al irooress . Tho speakers were eloquent , and in thVprescHt condition of the countoes subjected io the domination of that Church , they iound £ nple illustrations of the factth ^' *** ed and the policy they- advocatedL It is truo
S a paSnof ' the Papal Church imght have found in Belg ium , and one or two other places , instances of a contrary descripbon , which , at least , show the possibility of the coexistence of much national industry and conimtment with a general profession of the lu > - man Catholic faith . How far that feet is dependent upon the peculiar social institutions ot these comparat ively p rosperous countries and ¦^ hi chmav tend to neutralise the alleged he-Tmmbin- ' influence of the ecclesiastical influis not
ence of the Eojafch Church , > t our m-Son to e ^ unine on the present occasion . One thing is certain , that in ft ^ nm the
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holdings of the cultivators of the soil are much smaller than'in this country—property in laud is largely diffused—there is a stimulus to industry and an opportunity for its application , such as few countries present to the labourer ^ and , as a consequence , we find the Belgians the most successful and unwearied a « riculturists on the Continent ; while , at the same time , itsnumerous manufacturing facilities and capabilities have conduced to make it the seat of a flourishing trade . ¦* * ¦»• n * •* , _ _
The immediate object of these observations , however , is to call attention to the fact , that priestly despetism and mind-crushing tyranny can co-exist with liberal political institutions , and with a full and free expression of public opinion , such as is , perhaps , not to he equalled in any part of the world . In fact , all ecclesiastical incorporations are , by their very nature , despotic ; and it matters not whether they are established in Euss ' a , Italy , or England , as far as their own tendencies are concerned . They are all founded on
authority—not reason . The Protestant Churches of various denominations , in appearance , assert the right of private judgment ; but whenever this right is practically asserted by any of their members they are soon taught that , virtually , there is as little freedom of opinion or action allowed by them as there is in the Romish Church . " " Contumacy "—or independence of speech and action—is as readily followed by expulsion in the one case as in the other—only , where the priestly power is altogether dominant , the pains and penalties inflicted by Inquisition can be superadded .
The recent "Wesleyan Conference at Manchester has exhibited , in a very instructive and marked manner , the essentially despotic tendencies of all such organisations . The body represented by that Conference , from its numbers and wealth , must at all times exercise very considerable social and political influence upon general national questions . It is , therefore , a matter of deep interest , even to the mere bystander , to examine the nature of tho influences to which they are subject , and to speculate as to the possible consequences of that influence upon the general
progress and political prospects of the nation . The supreme power of the Wesleyan community is vested in a body which is purely hierarchical in its composition . All ques tions affecting its disci pline , management , aud policy , are decided , not by the laity , but by the ministers of the sect . The Conference , in which this power is vested , meets annually for the transaction of all business connected with the organisation and management of the Church . Originally , the legal authority was vested in one hundred of the elder Ministers , and it is still formally perpetuated ; but , practically , the Conference now consists of about six hundred members . The laws
promulgated by this body are expected to bo obeyed as implicitly as any of the Canons of hi Romish Ch m-h , or the Bulls issued by its head . Of late years , however , a minor ity in the Conference have evinced a disposition to rebel against measures they have not been powerful enough to prevent ; they allege that all power in Wesleyan affairs is monopolised and exercised by a clique , and that that clique act in an arbitrary and dictatorial spirit . Without knowing anything of the truth of the specific facts alleged b y the minority , we can easily believe this to be the case , for we never yet knew a case in which the possession of exclusive power did not generate a dictatorial disposition .
The great weapon of the malcontents against the spiritual domination of tho major ity , has been Avhat are called "Fly-sheets . " These "Fly-sheeta" contained a vigt . ous exposition of the lumbering machinery of the Conference and advocated certain reforms in the constitution of that body which would have had the effect of infusing more largely the popular will and feeling of the body , and thereby of putting a step to alleged favouritism and jobbing . The writers were in earnest—and hence their tone was bold and uncompromising . The dominant party having no arguments in
reply , endeavoured to discover the authors , in order that they might exercise that persecution , and award those penalties which legalised majorities can always inflict with impunity upon unorganised and comparatively powerless miuorities . But , in an wer to the question '' Who are these traitors ? " no reply was made . The Ministers who were in the sceret would not " peach , " aud "thefly-sheets" continued , as before , to excite the fears and the vindictiveness of the ruling party . At last they adopted a measure so inquisitorial in its nature , that none hut an ecclesiastical body would have
dreamt of it . They forwarded to every Minis ter belonging to tlie bedy the form of a declaration , which they were required to sign , alleging that they had . taken neither act nor part in the authors hip or circulation (!) of these vexatious "fly-sheets . ' * Borne of the jVHnistcrs , with an appreciation of the first principles of common sense , and the ordinary lttodos of procedure in English law , which not even a despotic and mind-enslaving education in Wcslcyanism had been able to destroy , refused to acknowledge the right of the Heads of Conference to act in this arbitrary and
inquisitorial manner . They asked , fairly aud naturally enough—firs'tj " Whether they wcro accused of writing these ' fly-sheets V and , if so , who were their accusers ? " These were awkward questions , which could not bo answered , but the persons who put them were immediately subjected to a continuous persecution , aud in the Conference just closed , were treated in ii manner which would have done no discredit either to Bishop Boxxeii , of famous memory , or to old Pope Hildehhaxd himself . After endeavouring in vain to extract an admission of authorship from two of the Ministers who refused to sign the declaration ,
the Conference , without any proof or evidence before it , proceeded to expel one of these Ministers—the Rev . Mr . Everett , of York—and severely " admonished" the other . Other expulsions subsequently followed ; the Rev . Samuel Duxx-, of Nottingham , and tho Rev . W . Griffiths . According to the statement o fMr . Dvss , to a large meeting in the Mechanics * Institution , Nottingham , last week , " the Avhole point on which their expulsion rested was , that thoy refused toho aparty tothc novel , inquisitorial , arbitrary , despotic , un-English , and un-Protestant" couduct of the Conference in expelling Mr . Evkkett . The Messrs . Du . nn aud Griffiths were treated in the true style
of the Inquisition , audit was not without a stout battle they extorted from Pope Bustixg a copy of the accusations against them . The special reason , however , assigned for their expulsion seems to have been their unwillingness to cease writing to two newspapers—the " Wesleyan Times" and " Wesleyan Banner " —and to biud themselves to a Finality even more rigid than Lord John Russell ' s . They " were told they must not speak of anything relating to the law p / 1835 . ' . "
From this specimen of the manner m which Pope Buxuxg and his supporters treat those who advocate reforms in the Wesleyan body , it is not difficult to imagine tho spirit with which they regard larger and more sweeping reforms . In fact , Wesleyanism , as a polity , is well knomi to be of the most exclusive and obstructive character , and when its closely compacted organisation , and the manner in whichits descending gradation of officers , under various names , can be brought to bear upon and bring to the poll every member of the bodv who " possesses the franchise , are taken into consideration , ft Trill be seen that such a body must exercise a powerful influence on the general position of affairs .
Anvthing which tends to liberalise it , and hrin * "' it more into accordance with the free enquir ing and progressive spirit of the age , must be hailed therefore as a public benefit , per se . We are much mistaken if the absootiiiji which the Conference 1 ms claimed
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and exercised o ; i tho present occasion , will not startle into reflection many connected with the body , who niigiit otherwise have continued patiently under tho unconscious bondage in which they were held . The liberal subscriptions which have been already made to purchase aunuitics for the expelled Ministers , is a proof of this . If a dominant party is permitted to stifle , by such means , the demand for internal reformation , and in the midst of free political institutions , enact the worst freaks of Russian or Papal despotism , the general tone of the ~ " ' ' ' " ——^—— -
nation ' s independence is threatened . There is danger of the infection spreading into matters beyond the control of the Conference , aud it is the duty of all who feel an interest in the progress of national freedom , to exert themselves in every possible manner , to arrest the spread of a feeling which cannot but he subversive of the highest and purest interests of the nation . The true political and social reformer is bound to expose to merited condemnation , all that has a , tendency to debase and enslave the public mind , and in tliis sense we feel that we are discharging a public dut y in calling attention to the subject .
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DR . M'DOUALL . Some time ago an appeal was made through this journal , iu behalf of Dr . M'Douall , who then intended to sue for a writ of error , with a view of having his case re-investigated . Twenty pounds was stated to lie the sum requisite to enable the lawyers to go through the necessary forms . That sum—or perhaps a little more , was at length obtained , and Mr . UiDEn , in accordance with instructions he had received , transmitted Ten Pounds to Mr . Cobbett , attorney , of Manchester , who had been instructed to obtain a writ of error . So " writ of error ' was , however , obtained , nor , we believe , sought for ; and , as far as we know , Mr . Cobbett lias rendered no account of his expenditure of the Ten Pounds .
We are happy to be able to state that the severe discipline to which Dr . M'Douall was at first subjected has of late been somewhat relaxed . Taking a legitimate advantage of his improved position , our persecuted friend has devoted his attention to certain scientific and philosophical inquiries , in which , we believe , he has been eminently successful . Probably the fruitsof Dr . M'Douall ' s prison studies will be published on his liberation . The ten pounds ( less or more ) remaining in Mr . Rider ' s hands , would have been of service to Dr . M'Douall on his liberation ; unfortunately a pr «« sing necessity exists for its immediate appropriation . Dr . AI'Douall writes as follows : — Kirkdalc , August 21 , 18 « .
Deah uakkei—My family has been for some time chiefly dependant upon the sale of papers to the men employed in Brery ' s Foundry , Liverpool . That work has stopped and the workmen arc scattered in all directions , consequently the main chance of support is destroyed . Under sueh circumstances and as a measure of pure necessity I rcijuest that the balance of money in Kider ' s hands be sent immediately to Jlrs . M'Douall , 71 . Front Portlandsteeut , Liverpool . I am Quite satisfied that all those who subscribed the money ave personal friends of my own , and that they will approve of tlie appropriation , especially as I urgently require it . —1 ' . M . M'Douaia .
We take it for granted that the subscribers will be quite willing that Mr . Rideh should forward the cash in hand to Mrs . M'Douall ; but to prevent mistakes , they had better certify to that effect , by -writing to Mr . Rider on or before the 28 th inst ., authorising him to so dispose of tho money . Wo have no hesitation in enforcing the request of Dr . M'Douall , believing that the money could not be more righteously appropriated than in ministering to the wants of his bereaved family .
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—tb »» R E GE 1 PTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND OOfflPAN / - Fob me "Week E . vih . vo Thursday , August 23 , 1849 . SHARES . £ s . d . £ s . u . Jforpetli .. 0 10 0 R . Pattison .. 0 4 0 York .. .. 0 9 6 J . G 0 2 0 Nottingham .. 0 ( J (> J . Gillam .. 1 11 0 llatlclitie Bridge 4 10 !) G . Toomcr .. 0 2 0 Mei-tliyr , Morgan 10 0 —• J . Devonport 0 15 0 £ 9 10 9 EXPENSE FUND . York .. .. 0 3 0 Kadcliffc Bridge 0 4 0 Nottingham .. 0 10 _ 0 S fi MONIES RECEIVED FOR THE ™"" PUKCHASE OF MATHON . W . T ., London 111 0 0 J . B ., Farrington 32 0 0 C . II ., Leeds .. It ) 0 0 £ 153 0 0 TOTAUS . Land Fund 9 10 9 Expense ditto ... " 0 8 C Mathon 153 0 0 Bonus ditto 20 0 0 Loan ditto ... ... ... 0 10 ' Transfers ... ... ... ... 0 10 £ 1 S 3 _ 1 _ 3 TV . Dixon , C . Doyle , " ~~~~~" T . Clam ; , Cor . Sec . P . M'Giutd , Fin . Sec . F OR COSTS OF MACNAMARA ' S ACTION . Received by W . Hider . —W . Bath , fid . ; 11 . Bcdwcll , Bi'ierlyJiill . Gil .: O'Connor ' s Lri < Kuli ! , Preston , per M . Ward , fe . ; Nottingham , per J . Sweet , 3 s . fid . ; u few Land Members , Leeds , per W . Newton , 13 s . ; It . Hamer , Kadcliffu ISridge , 3 s . Received at Land Off ice . —Whittington aud Cat , 3 s . ; II . B ., 6 d . - FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received l > y AV . Rideii . —J . Fauldes , Dunfermline , 3 d . ; a few Friends , Bramhope , per . 1 . Arran , ]( Js . Gd . ; T . Oliver , Hull , 2 s . 0 d . ; Tillicoultry , per John Robertson , £ 2 2 s . 9 d . M'DOUALL'S CASE—FOR WHIT OF ERROR , ( on otherwise ) . Received by W . Rider . —Nottingham , per J . Sweet , Gd . FOn MRS . JONES . Received by W . Rider . —It . Hamcr , Radelifib Bridge , Cd . CUFF AY AND OTHERSReceived at Land Office . —Wliiltington and Cat , 2 s . Cd . ; Mr . Ncwliousc , Birmingham , 10 s .
VICTIM FUND . Received by S . BuoxiiAM . —Greenwich , per Mi . "Whitcombe and friends , 8 s . Oil . ; \' i ' . Floyd . Is ; Air . Mihvard . Is . ; Mr . Kcndrick . 4 s . ; Mr . Rider , being three weeks' receipts , &i 17 s . 0 "d . ; Smith London Hall , per AV . Buval , 7 s . i Butler ' s Anns lotiility , Img f vlly , per J , Allen , Gs , ; Crip plesate locality , piT Mr . Brown , r . ' s . (! Ad . ; a Friend [ Jutler ' s-alley , 2 s .
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Official Anwou . ncemexts . —We have great satisfaction in being privileged to announce , and yrc are sure the intelligence will prove highly gratifying to the people at large , that it is in contemplation to appoint an early day of fast , prayer , and humiliation , that Providence in His infinite mercy inay be pleased to stay tbe devastating malady with which this and the sister countries are now afflictingly visited . Tho precise day has not yet been fixed , but we understand that it -will be either Thursday next , or some early day noxt week most suited to the convenience of " the " clergy and the community at large . It is said to be the intention of Her Majesty to confer the honour of a marquisato on Lord Clarendon , in recognition of his able , judicious , and impartial ( licMi'ii'irQ of the vicercffal duties , and as an evidence
of the heartfelt satisfaction which the Sovereign derived from her reception in Ireland . The patent conferring a baronetcy on the Lord Mayor of Dublin will be forwarded to Ireland on Saturday next from Balmoral , whore it is to receive the royal sign manual . Sir William Somerville's elevation to the peerao-e has not been determined on . Sir George Grey will leave Balmoral on "Wednesday attcrnoon for his seat in Northumberland . The right lion , "entkm . in is to bo relieved from his official duties fn attendance on the Sovereign by the First Minister of the Crown , Lord John Russell . Lady John Russell remains at Richmond Park , not having as
vet sufficiently recovered from her recent indisposition . The noble Premier is likely to remain at Balmoral at least a fortnight . A reduction in the officers and staff of the royal yacht Victoria and Albert has been determined on . In the tremendous aea . on the passage from Belfast to GreenocK , the framework of this splendid vessel ' s engine gave way , and she is now undergoing repairs , lhe freight-ship Marlborougb , having troops on board for " Bengal , is detained at Portsmouth , m consequence of the cholera having made its appearance on board , and some of the men having died . It is expocted that tho whole of tho detachments Will be compelled to disembark . —Weekly Chronicle . Staffordshire
The Strike is South . —Birmingham , Au « f . 16 . —The turn-out of the colliers in South Staffordshire ext ends , and promises to be all ut universal . About 500 of the thick coal men > n the neighbourhood of Ncthcrton and Bnerley-niU ceased work to-day . Instead of quietly submitting to a reduction of Gd . per day , as proposed by the masters , ilie men now require an advanCOOI OQ . On their previous -wages . Although some thousands are out upon the strike at present , everything is quiet and peaceable . The JVeurrork Literary World for July 21 st , publishes a chapter from a forthcoming " Life of Goldsmith , " by Washington Irvine . At a Tillage in tlie Higli Peak of Dcrbyahire the following notice is posted in a window : — " A bordering school for young ladys . "
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HUNGARIAN ADDRESS . The Hungarians in New York held a meeting vecently to sympathise with their brethren across the ocean , and ' to collect means for the purchase of a flag , when the following address to Kossuth was prepared , and ordered to ba transmitted at the same time : — CoUNTnvMEN!—Far beyond the ocean , there lives in the hearts of thousands the Hungarians ' magnanimity , heroism , and glory , a parellel of ' which can scarcely be found in the history of nations . But especially we Hungarians are enthusiastic for our beloved native land ' s virtue and greatness . We are enthusiastic for Kossuth ' s wise and glorious guidance , wbo was born to conquer by
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE LATE LAND CONFERENCE . Gestlf . mf . jj , —In conformity with your resolution I here subjoin the * various motions submitted to tho Conference , distinguishing those rejected from tlioso which were adopted . Your obedient sonant , Pini . iv M'Giiatii . The members having handed in their credentials , Mr Wheeler made a fow observations as to the propriety of permitting the deputies from the several Estates to exercise all the privileges of Delegates , when , on the motion of Mr . Suttox , seconded by Mr . Yatks , it was decided , " That tin-Deputies from the Estates be allowed all tho privileges of Delegates , except that of voting . " ' Mr . Sotiox moved , and Mr . lVirEELKiT seconded , " That the Secretary bo instructed to prepare a digest of the proceedings of tho CoiifiU'ence , ami publish the same in the Northern Star . " Carried unanimously .
Several standing orders were then agreed to when tho Conference adjourned till the
Tuesday Morning Sating . The minutes were read and confirmed . Mr . Sutton then moved , and Mr . Taylor seconded , " That Mr . Warloy bo appointed ilooi'keopor to tho Conference . " Carried . A conversation here ensued as to the first business with which the Conference should proceed , when it was agreed to without a vote , that each Delegate should state his instructions from his constituents , which was done , each member rising in the order in which his name stooel on the roll . The Chairman having intimated that ho had received a protest against tho election of Messrs . Wilson and Dowling , an election committee was , upon the motion of Messrs . IlAUDixoand Whegleu , elected to investigate and decide upon tho case . The Conference here adjourned till the Afternoon Sitting .
The Chairman having resumed his seat , proceeded to read several communications from branches and from individuals , bearing upon the position ef tho Company , and containing suggestions for its future management . Mr . Edwards , on the part of the Election Committee , reported that they considered Messrs . Dowling and Wilson duly elected to represent the London branches of the Company in Conference , Mr . IIaudiso moved , and Mr . IIailiwem . seconded , " That the Company shall continue its operations under the provision of the best means this Conference can devise . " Mr . Suttox moved , and Mr . Oliver seconded , by way of amendment , " That the National Land Company shall bo forthwith wound up . "
Mr Bostock moved , and Mr . Moruav seconded , " That in the opinion of this Conference the National Land Company can he made to reproduce its capital . " Nearly all the Delegates having expressed their opinions , and Mr . Bostock having withdrawn his motion , the sense of the Conference was taken upon tlie motion of Mr . Harding and tho amendment of Mr . Sutton , when the original motion was carried by an overwhelming majority , the whole Conference voting against . i minority of three . A lengthened conversation then ensued upon the reproductive principle of the Company , in which Mr . O'Connor took part . In the course of his observations he said that tho balance sheet was nearly ready for the Auditors . Mr . Sutton moved , and Mr . Munday seconded , " Thatan Auditing Committee of seven members be forthwith appointed . " Carried unanimously .
The following gentlemen were then elected the auditing committee : —Messrs . Edwards , Harding , Sweet , " Brown , Dowling , Morgan , and Lord . Adjourned to tho
Wednesday Morning Sitting . After the dispatch of some preliminary business , Mr . O'Coxxor moved , and Mr Lord seconded , " That henceforth members who have paid up shall be located upon the follow-in . " terms , viz .: one-third of each estate to be assigned to members who have been balloted for ; one-third to be 'balloted for by paH-up members ; and ono-thivd to be assigned to members who shall have paid the highest amount of bonus . Amendment by Mr . Muxdav , " That location take place by ballot , and that each member bo allowed an extra chance in the ballot by paying an extra amount , and when such member is located ho shall receive the benefit of his extra money in the shape of reduced rent . This proposition fell for want of a seconder . Mr . O'Connor ' s motion was carried .
Mr . Bacsiiaw moved , and Mr . Taylor seconded , " That each member of the Company , whether balloted , located , paid-up , or not paid-up , shall pay the sum of three halfpence per share per week , during the existence of the Company . Mr . Yates moved , and Mr . Clakk ( of Bristol } seconded , " That any member purchasing shares , or parts of shares , be allowed to transfer such shares , or parts of shares , to the redemption department of the Company . Mr . ( iitiBEUTsos moved , and Mr . IIalmwell seconded , " That members be allowed to purchase the interests of the ' dissatisfied , and apply tho same either to pay up their own shares , or , if paid up , to apply them ' as bonus .
Mr . Saunders moved , and 5 Ir . M'Geath seconded , " That all members , whether paid up or not , shall pay tlie sum of three halfpence per share nor week , until all the members are located , except such members as shall have redeemed their allotment , when in such cases they shall bo exempt from all weekly subscriptions . That members be allowed to purchase tho interest of dissatisfied persons , tlio . se only being considered Umo-fulc members who have complied with the resolution of the Birmingham Conference . Purchasers not to pay weekly subscriptions upon purchased shares . The value of the shares , or parts of shares purchased , to bo placed to the credit of tbe buyer , as a proprietor in the p ' roperty of the Company over and above tlie value of a four-acre certificate . " Mr . Smith submitted a resolution respecting the adjournment of the Conference , which was withdrawn .
Sir . Poli . it submitted one respecting the price of shni'os , which wns also withdrawn . Mr . IIardi . vo moved , and Mr . Flood seconded , " That tliis Conference deem it v . -iso that any alterations respecting the purchase of shares , or layingon additional subscriptions , be deferred till the question Of legislation be decided . " After a long debate Mr . Ilarding's motion was carried by 15 to 12 ; thus setting all the others aside . Adjourned till tho Afternoon Sitting . Mr . Sweet brought up the report of the Auditing Committee , which was unanimously adopted . Air . Smith moved , and Mr . Skkvjxotox seconded . " That committees be appointed to visit the allottees and to enquire into their competency to pay rent , and other matters in connexion with Snig ' s End and Lowbnmls . Carried .
Moved by Mr . Edwards , seconded by Mr " . Mux-7 ) ay , " That eighteen members be elected and divided into six committees , of three each , and that thoy report to-morrow morning . " Carried . Tlie case of Mrs . Vfatson was brought before the Conference by Mr . Clark , when it was resolred , on tho motion of Mr . Edwards , seconded by Mr . 1 ' ollit . " That tlie decision of the Directors in this case should be abided by . " •' Mr . George Wheeler ' s case having been stated to the Conference , Mr . Gilbertson moved , and Mr . Mu . vday seconded , " That compensation bo made to George Wheeler , for the loss sustained by him in the suit prosecuted against him by Mr . Pool , of Hull . " Amendment by Messrs . Flood and Edwards , " Tluit compensation shall not ho given in this ca ^ o . "
Mr . Smith moved , and "Mr . Halliwell seconded , " That compensation b " e given to Mr . George Wheeler—being a balloted member and unloeatedin the shape of a four-acre allotment . " Mr . Smith ' s motion was carried . The Conference here adjourned till the
Thwtsdat / Morning Sitting . The Chairman took his seat at the usual hour , whou the committees appointed to visit the allottees commenced their reports , which occupied the tinifl till the Afternoon Sitting . Mr . Mcxday moved , and Mr . Clark , of Bristol , seconded , " That henceforth the Directors be elected by direct Universal Suffrage . " Amendment by Messrs . Wjieeler and Tatioh , "That this Conference do now proceed to the election pf a Board of Directors , to hold offica for tbe ensuing year , or until a special Conference shall determine otherwise . " Amendment carried . Mr . Bagshaw moved , and Mr . Watson seconded , "That the Board of Directors be reduced to three members . " , Amendment by Messrs . Edwards and Yates
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—— _ 338 B * . THE MIXERS OF THE NORTH . _ The usual delegate meeting of tho Miners of Northumberland snid Durham , was held ou Saturday last at Mr . Ilutehinson's , Free Mason ' s Arms , Mtmkwearmouth , when the following resolutions wore agreed to : — 1 st . —That there be a treasurer appointed for tho Association , and that M . Judc be appointed to that office . 2 nd . —That a public meeting of the Minors of tho two counties bo held on Shadow ' s-hill , Black Fell near Newcastle-on-Tyne , on Saturday , September loth , 18 i 9 . Chair to be taken at twelve o ' clock ; and that 500 handbills be printed and distributed ' among all the collieries , announcing the same . 3 rd . —That tho roll , or list , of eacli member's name , be called over at the Hill , and absent parties to ha reported to the meeting .
4 th . —That oards and credentials be printed to facilitate the purposes of the union , and to chock unprincipled persons from taking any undue advantages thereof , oth . —That in order to reduce the number of surplus labourers , an Emigration Fund be established , and that all the members at each colliery foiward to the next delegate meeting , their opinion thereon . 6 th . —That copies of the general rules bo printed , so that each member may have one , and for which one-halfpenny shall be charged . 7 th . —That district meetings be held on Saturday next , 25 th inst : one at Thornloy , chair to bo t ; ikeu at ono o'ekek , p . m . ; anu one at Crook , chair taken at four o ' clock . Sth . —That the contributions to the General Hoard be one penny per member ; the same to be forwarded —together with all arrears , to the next delegate meeting .
9 tii . —That the delegates and committee upon , each colliery use their l ) bst efforts to procure assistance for the West Moor Miners , who have been obliged to strike several weeks to resist a reduction of prices . 10 th . —That as the lecturers for the association may , in the prosecution of their labours , subject themselves to accidents or ill health , the members arc requested to forward their opinions to the next delegate meeting , what extent of remuneration they shall receive when overtaken by ill-health or accidet . t , or , in other words , what " smart money ' they shall be allowed . llth . — -That tlie next delegate meeting ho held at Newcastle , at the house of Mr . T . Greener , sign of tho Cock , head of the side , on Saturday , September 1 st . Chair taken at nine o ' clock a . m .
A discussion took place on the utility of allowing any parties to lecture to the miners , but those who were the acknowledged and appointed agents , or who had rccived a sanction from the delegate meeting to do so . It was ultimately agreed that the members use tho greatest caution in engaging parties to aldress them , and that none but the well-known and tried friends of the people be encouraged to counsel and advise with them . Duririffthe procccdinp it was announced that additional collieries had joined , viz ., Black I 5 oy , fthildon , Eldon , Cassop , ahd West Stanley ; making an addition of about 700 members who have come forward during the fortnight . This checi-ing account gave general satisfaction , and elicited from a dolegate a very animated address on the state of the association , and its real progress .
Tho new bond of Braucepeth was next adverted to , the employers being determined to oblige the workmen to agree to its provisions , which distinctly provide that no workman shall belong to any union or trades society : tliis the miners arc determined to resist ; and it is but fair to expect that no other miner will take their place during such resistance . The miners of Marley Hill are also obliged to cease work , and hare published hand-bills requesting that the other miners will not apply to their colliery for work while they remain unemployed . A letter ras read from Sir O »> ri ; o Grey , in answer to the one sent him , and signed l . > y the delegate at the last mooring , requesting her Majesty ' s Secretary of State to appoint ' immediately some Inspectors of Collieries , or , no doubt , very many lives
would be sacrificed before the meeting of parliament . In his reply ho states , that tho matter referred to shall not bo lost si g ht of . The delegates learned with regret that their prediction had been too soon verified—as an explosion had recently occurred in Wales , whereby upwards of fifty lives were lost , and among whom were many childrendespite Lord Ashley ' s act—below ton years of age . Another letter from Mr . William Daniels was read , detailing his necessities , owing to the printer of the Mncrx' Advocate putting him to trouble , to recover a debt due for printing the same , and which was occasioned by the parties who took t / ie Advocate not paying for it , as thoy were in duty bound to do . It was found that no assistance could bo afforded Mr .
Daniels in tho way ho suggested , but that if all thiu / rs went wtll , in all probability the Advocate would bo brought out again , when his services would in all likelihood be required to conduct it as heretofore . The state of the ventilation in the various collieries was next alluded to , from which it appears that in several pits tins workmen are obliged to work in such bad air , that candles would not burn except being placed in a horizontal position , and in other pits the explosive gas was so prevalent , that
the workmen had to begin with the safety lamps and also to dust out the gas with their jackets , ( flannel coats ) . It was also declared that in nearly all those collieries no brathius were used , nor were the ordinary doors or stoppings put up to convey tho air to the working places , and consequently the miners were thus exposed to danger , that a few shillings pur week might remain iu the employer ' s pocket . After a lengthened investigation , it ' was stated tiiat the subject would be prosecuted until relief was afforded .
The business ot the meeting being brought to a close at six o ' clock , the delegates " went " to their several hoint-s , however , not before expressing their sincere congratulations to a brother delegate—Mr . Aytas—who had recovered from an attack of clioler . i , when attending as a delegato at tho late meeting held at Durham . M . Jude , Chairman . r . S . As Professor Phillip , one of the Inspectors appointed by Sir George Grey to visit the pits , is in tlie ncij . 'hhourhoo < l of Durham , the miners whose pits are in so bail a state , would do well to acquaint that gcutleman with it . lie was last at Ilcttou Colliery" and is now , it is thought , at liaswell or Win sate Grange . —M . J .
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STRIKE OF THE KNAltESBOnOUGII IIANDLOO . M WKAVEKSMessrs . Walton and Co . are again attempting to reduce their weavers' wages ; this is the second . ittempt within the spec of six years . Tin ' s firm has been proverbial for low wages throughout the linen-niaiinfaeturing districts of Yorkshire , for the last thirty years ;' but the present is beyond any previous reduction over offered , even by thsm . The weavers of 13 arnsley , ; Monk Mreton , York , Leeds , &c ., have noblv conic forward with their advice and
pence to assist the workmen of Messrs . Walton and Co ., to resist this most daring aggression of their present pittance . The public we hope will come forward to help this most distressed class of men , of which wo are certain thoy stand much in need , as they have no funds to begin the battle of right against might . The strike look place at a public meeting iieid in the market place , on Wednesday evening , the Sth inst ., and up to the present , time the men have acted to the resolution then passed , not to take any more work until the masters agreed to give the late prices . There has been a subscription opened in Knarcsborough for the Hungarian patriots . John Dooker .
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Alleged Robbery ox the IIioh Seas . —A female , named Mary Foster , with a young child in her arms , was charged at the Liverpool police office with stealing ± ' 44 on board the American ship Columbus . The prisoner was a passenger on board that vessel , and during tho homeward voyage from Jfcw York to this port a female died on board , The deceased had £ 44 concealed in her stays , and this being known to the prisoner , she obtained access to tho deceased , cut open her stays , and took away the money . Ou searching the prisoner when she was apprehended here , a sum of £ 49 was found upon her . Mr . Rushton said he had no jurisdiction , as the offence had been committed upon the hHi seas , on board an American vessel . He ordered the prisoner ' s discharge , and that the money found \ ipon her , except £ 5 should be kept at the police-office , to be handed over to the representatives of the deceased , on application .
Ihe Liverpool Tragedies . —The unfortunate man Colkin , who murdered his two children in Oriel-street , still lies at the Northern Hospital , and is favourably progressing towards recovery . He is very peaceable and reserved in his demeanour but speaks but little . John 13 a er , tho personi shot by his brother in Cunliffc-street , also V ° S ><* f ° * well . Of course neither of the enses can be ti icd at the present assizes .-Z * V «? x >< ' ¦ '
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LETTEKS TO TBE WOiiKING CLASSES . LYL , ^ -mis ,-u-c thinzs , nail a small drop of inlf tailing—like dew—upon a thought , produces lliat which makes thousands , perhaps millions , think . " biros . TRIUMPH OF " THE COSSACKS . BnOTHEIt rnOLETAKIAXS , My worst fears arc realised . Tho Cossacks are vic torious . "Woe to Europe ! As yet too little is known of the terrible facts of this frightful fall of Freedom's champions , to allow of any one saying positively that barbarian might lus been aided by treason in the camps and councils of the Hungarians themselves ; yet , without impugning the honour of any particular individual , hardly a doubt can he entertained that black treachery luts been at work to undermine tho fair edincc of Hungarian freedom . I see it stated in several of tho papersthat an intrigue on tho — ... .. * , . ... ,- ..,. .. '
, part of some of tho Hungarian leaders led to the overthrow of Kossuth . Bo that how it may , one thing seems to bo certain : the surrender of Geohgey and his army to tho Russians . His forces at the time of his surrender are variousl y stated at forty , thirty , and twenty-seven thousand troops . It ia also almost as certain , that the devoted followers Oi the hitherto unconquerable Beat have been cut to pieces . Of Dkmbikski , and the other generals and their armies , tho intelligence is ot the vaguest possible kind . As regards Ivossimi , the accounts are very contradictory . According to one report , the Diet had appointed Geoiigey dictator instead of Kossuth , and , thereupon , the former surrendered to the Russians , and the latter , along with Bem and
Dkmbixski , sought refuge infli ght , directing their steps towards the Dauubiau provinces . Another report represents , that at a council of war , Geoiigey and the majority of the generals declared tho impossibility of carrying on the struggle , and voted for surrender to the Russians ; that on this decision being come to in opposition to Kossuth ' s wishes , that noble chief retired , aud transferred his Government to Orsona , where he hoped to rally the Hungarian forces not included in Georgey ' s army—and not disheartened by that army ' s surrender—to make another and , perhaps , last struggle for Freedom and Father land . Whichever of these reports may be the true one , scarcely the shadow of a hope for Hungary can be entertained . I fear that " all is lost but honour . "
Will miserable mull , the Dispatchers , and the rest of the word-mongering sympathisers , be good enough to tell what their lip-sympathy has done to prevent Hungary ' s fall , or what their sentimentalism will now do towards saving the Hungarians from the sufferings under which the Poles have so long groaned ? Tho worshippers of Palmerston , too , had better explain what their demi-god has done for Hungary before they again demand the cheers of tlio multitude for their idol . " Opinions aro stronger than armies ! " Mighty fine fudgery for exciting moral force cheers ; but what say facts ? Have " opinions" and speeches driven Croats and Cossacks from Hungary ? Alas !
my friends , "' tis truo , 'tis pity' '—but trae it is , that in the discussion of " the right divino versus the rights of man ' —a thirty-two pound shot carries with it more logic than all tho " opinions" aud speeches ever propounded or delivered , from the days of Auistotle and Demosthenes , to the present hour . My soul sickens when I reflect on the present state of Europe , and too often I : itn tempted to give way to absolute despair . France should have been the saviour of tho nations , instead of which she is herself most miserably enslaved . The hetrnyor v ! European freedom—tlie executioner of the Roman Republic—the persecutor of every unfortunate exile —that unhappy nation day by day plunges deeper into the slough of infamy .
Not a post arrives from Germany but brings the intelligence that another , and another , of the German Democrats has been shot in cold blood . These murders are the work of that perjured homicide , the King of Prussia , the ally of the British government . In Italy , too , the cut-throat tools of " our anciont ally "—Austria—are pursuing the lilic fiendish course ; witness the murder of tho eloquent Priest Bassi recorded in last week's Star . Relating to this atrocity , I have received tlio following letter from si gentleman who was present at the meeting for Hungary , hold this day week , at the Hanover-square Rooms : — London , August 20 th , 1819 , Sin . —As yon are connected with the press , and generously expressed , your sympathy fur poor , prostrate , bleeding Italy , « -lio jm . vs dearly lor iiuvinx put her trust in the " royal Charles Albert , " you will much oblige me by gcttitigthc following letter inserted : —
" Ugo Bassi asd ins ExrcTipxEns . " The unfortunate priest , liitssi , carried no arms—not oven a sword , but he certainly carried the wounded to a place of shelter anil assistance . Ifu certainly administered religious consolation to the dying . At tlie buttle of iMestre , on the 27 th of October , 1848 , I saw him commit such ; icts myself , quite regardless of Austrian bullets . I can , therefore , bear witness to his guilt ! He was born in the llmnuu States , anil , thcraforu , was not an Austrian subject . When taken prisoner bjethe Vandal-Austrian bloodhounds , he was 9 eelting refuge at Venice with the ever gallant Garibaldi . After a secret mock trial , tliej shot him at Bologna , under the pica that lie carried arms ! Will not his blood stain Lvuis Napoleon ? Austria can no longer be stained , she is too ineanmnUuc scarlet already . "Am Officer in tub Venetian Aiimv . "
In the teeth of these horrible facts , a sot of imbeciles—if not worse—are at this very time assembled in Paris to found the rci'jn of " universal peace " and , with that " peace , " tho unchecked power of royal homicides , and the hopeless slavery of the people . " Peace I " If thoy were not a set of fools anil impostors they would rather assemble to proclaim war—universal war—against tiic oppressors and slayers of the human race . Their " Convention" is only calculated to strengthen Tyranny , and impede the salvation of Humanity ; had they any
noblur mission , Baiuiot and Booxapakte , Iialloux and Chanoaknieu , would not allow them to assemble in Paris . Of one thing the French may be assured , that the pretended " delegates " from England do not repr esent , but , on the eontwiry , grossly misrepresent the people of this country . It ' they were , indeed , the representatives of English public opinion , they would not have gone to Paris to niOUtll ubQUt pew j on tlie contrary , they would have assembled in London , to organise aid for Hungary .
Notwithstanding the terrible news from the land of the Magyars , I trust that tlio people of this country will not slacken in tlieir efibrts in behalf of Kosbunr ami his glorious countrymen . The champions of liberty when unfortunate , should be dearer to us than ever . The meeting on Monday next at Nottingham will , I trust , be worthy of the patriotic reputation of that town . I hopo to bo at that meeting ' . I hopo iilso to be at Ashf'ord on Wednesday next , and then and there to have the pleasure of meeting a goodly muster of the men of Kentmen whose " fathers were over foremost in IVoodom's struggles , and over steadfast in tlie holy cause of TCwht against Oppression .
L'AMI DU PEUPLE . August 23 rd , 1840 . P . fe . I have ( just hoard tho melancholy tidings of the almost sudden death of that true democrat , and estimable man , " IIkniiy IIethkbixoto . v . He was taken ill on Monday night , and died this ( Thursday ) morning , at four o'clock , at his residence , 57 , Juiklstreet , St . Pancras . The last time I saw Air . Ifotlierington was at the Marylcbone meeting for Hungary , when he spoke to one of the resolutions in his usual straightforward and effective manner . I believe that was his last public act—a worthy
conclusion to his patriotic career . I have been acquainted with Mr . Hetiierixgton since the yeai 1833 ; at which time , and for some years subsequently , ho took the leading part in the grand struggle to free the Press from the odious stamp duty . At present I am tillable to do justice to Mr . IIktiieiuxgtox ' s public character , but I hope to state further particulars next week . I will only now add , that , as far as circumstances will permit , ¦ a Public Funeral is the least tribute the people should pay to the memory of one who was ever their faithful friend , aud devoted champion .
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^ I " . 'I - ^ T , * /_ * VTK ? ro' —* l * ,- ' -lJ . » ... m * i ; .. i . J » - ' . ---a ^ .--. < Tis >^ g = 3 = CTregg = rT-r-== i- _ . .. ¦ his natural and moral endowments , jrrrjiulii'es as v-. 'eii as _ enemies , to liberate his country iro .-n i ; :-yoke , and gain KHicponileiicv . and libcriy . an-. l ro si i ' -n example to Europe "that a nation ' c » bo free it blie has iho will to be free . " DeeiSs admitted by the world we will not praise with our ferble words . Our hearts is suffering that we cannot take part in the immortal contest ofotir faherliim ! , a \ u ! ' . here i > left to us but one medium for the expression o ! admiraliun and gratitude towards our bravo country , and its inexpressibly great agitator , that of scmliiig A banker . Wishing it may be received with the same feding as we do present it . Eljen for the Country ! Eijcu for the Army ! Eljt-n for Kossuih ! Eljen for Liberty ! Leopold Kuh , President . Samuel Lddvigi ' ., Secretary . And signed by all members " of the Hungarian Society of New 1 ' ork . "»* J-: ' - '—*' -1 » - > .-it * jwyj . u _^ ^ j » ¦»¦ ¦¦ "awn i y . , * »»>¦ ' ' . jtte ^ j—z . 'izjrii a * -- -. " -. £ . ' <^ i ? -r ¦ ¦¦¦
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! . ,. » Vl- U ' - '" ' i '' '' on * > - of tfvo mem ' jer ; -. " Amendment carried . ZM . Fi . oon move . ! , and Mr . Salwt . krs seconded , '"• lll ^ l'H ' . w . nt . no .-n-aol ' Diroftorsbcrc-c-lcctcd . " -Motion c : nii , > i ! . ., . t ' \ Sll . f" '" oved , and Mr . Skevixgton seconded , iMao tins C ' OLieieneo , at its rising , do adjourn till tlio Lompany is legalised , or till some » i-e ; itneeessity occurs for . calling it together Vain " Carried . " ¦ ° Mr . Whkki . br moved , and Mr . Bostock so-( Mimed , " That the . ' next meeting of the Conference shall !) t- held at Nottingham . " Votes of thanks having been passed to the Directors , thf Secretary , and Chairman , tho -Conference aiijourned .
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! ¦ August 25 , _ U * g /__ - THE NORTHERN STAR * —¦—¦ ' " ¦ -- — . . - - ¦ * " " *~ * ~ ~ - * ¦ — - — . —— _ .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 25, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1536/page/5/
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