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MB. O'CONNOR'S TOUE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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I have tad numerous app lications asking me to state &e orderin which I Bfcall Tisit the BeTeral towns to which I have teen invited during my intended " tonr through England , Scotland , and Wales ; bat the fact is that I have already received so many invitations , and all requesting the first vish \ that 1 could not complete my tour in a year .
I shall shortly publish a list of the places I propose visiting , and also a programme of my lectures ; but my principal topic wnl "be the LABOWR QUESTION , a full developement of the LAND PLAN , and the national benefits likely to result fr « m the PEOPLE'S CHARTER . Feargus O'Couuob .
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A FREE LAND GIFT . I TO THE WORKING CLASSES IN GENVRAT AND LAND MEMBERS W PAR ^ otSE ^ Bkothers . -I have a proposition to make in SsH £ = iws 2 : iSaS ^ K ^ -Sft ? . number of small squares , ana when filled up at one penny each , it amount ? to £ l . Each person in tak . g A 9 ^ t md pled S himself t 0 fiU Jt ° f ° rthe good of the cause , and when money enouzh is raised they purchase a piece of ground and build a chapel . Why cannot we do the same ? I believe more can m — — — . —w ¦ m W \/« tW 1 U UJU ( t < VI *** A FREE LAND GIFT .
tie done by voluntary contributions , than compulsion upon the paid-up members . Let each , branch secretary * purchase a hundred plain cards , and rule them and issue them out to parties who will undertake to I fill them up ; there are numbers of working mennon-members—who have the cause at heart , would lake a card to fill up , and there are thousands who will give their pence , if asked , to assist the plan . Every man has his connexions , his hatter , shoemaker , grocer , butcher , friends , and acquaintances ; many of the tradesmen will give their sixpences and shillings ; even those who do not approve of our plan will gure their mite to a customer . Let your wises take your card when they go a-shopping ; and who , * ai refese the pleadings ofa mother for her children , or the maiden for her sweetheart ? Lend your card to acquaintances to introduce into their several .
workshops-do . anything t hat ma y suggest itself in an honest manner , lo get your card fult ; and as soon as half-a-crown is collected take it to your secretary t . ™ ^ , SmHtedto FearSus O'Connor as a FREE LAND GIFT . Why should we be more mealymouthed than the Primitives ? they work for the soul ' s health , let us work the same for our bodily comforts . I call upon every member to try his best ; let the poor member gwe his penny , the mechanic his sixpence , the shopkeeper his shilling , and the rich member his pound , and show to our worthyfather that we are determined his object shall be accomplished . Let us appreciate bis value by carry , ing oat the object of his ambition , which is , to leave the world , better than he found it . By so doing we shall add ten years to the life of our great benefactor it m not bodily exertion on our farms that will burt him , it is , the wounds ^ inflict by our o < vn actions . . « ttt , m , J * Mayor 43 , Wbilley-streef , Reading , Berks .
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-f i MTIQML FREEHOLD BENEFIT BBILMG SOCIETY . ' SHARES , £ 15 EACH . Payable by weekly instalments of Sixpence per Share . Directors . Pbaegus O'Coksor , Esq ., M . P ., Mr . T . Clark , Ma . C . Dora , Mr . W . Duos Mb . P . M'Grath . ' Trustees . Thojus Pricb , Esq . Wiiiusi Gazemy , Esq . Treasurer . EEABeua O'Coksob , Esq ., M . P . Solicitor . TIViiiias Prowtkg Roberts , Esq . Banker * . Th » KinoHAi . Lakd and Labour Bass .
Ojfket . 144 , High Hoxsobx , Loxdok . Corresponding Secretary . Financial Secretary Thomas Clakk . Pamp M'Grath . The above society presents to the middle and working classes advantages which eminently entitle it to their deep attention . It developes a clear and practical plan whereby the savings of industry may Ihj invested in the purchase of convenient plots of Fbeehold Land , at the wholesale market-price . The field of British commerce
presents no investments so secure as that of Land , he the quantity large or email ; and , upon theienns which this Society gives its members' possession of it will be always convertible into cash , at a high profit to the Tenl ( r . ^ This Society places the attainment of Land within the reach of that numerous class -which , without the aid of such an . institution as the present , would find it utterly impossible to ohtain possession of that great social advantage .
The intention of this undertaking is , to huy Land as near to market towns as possible , and to allot it—without houses—to the members , so that they may pursue their respective callings ; each having , at the same time , his piece of Land , wherefromto derive the necessaries and camforts of life . Those members desirous of havicg houses on the allotments can be accommodated , l $ y taking up the necessary shares to cever the additional expenses of building . The Directors are most anxious that the principles of the Society should he thoroughly understood b y the public . In
orderthen to make it clear , let us suppose an individual desirous of possessing Freehold Land of the value of 307 , ; he joins the Society , and subscribes for two shares , at the rate of sixpence each per "week ; in about eleven years he will pay for his Land , and will become the lonarfide proprietor of it . So , in like manner , Avith respect to any quantity of Land , shares being taken to the extent of its value , upon -which a subscription of sixpenee each , per week , must be paid . Let it be here clearly understood , that it does not follow , from tlio foregoing illustration , that members are to
wait eleven years for their allotments . For , according to the rules of the society , whenever the joint subscriptions of the members shall amount to the price of fifty shares , an assignment of them shall take place by ballot ; and each member who has paid up one-year ' s subscription upon his share , shall be deemed eligible for every ballot that shall occur . The assigned share money to be invested in the first eligible property offered for sale . It shall "be divided into allotments , the possessors of which shall mortgage them to the Society , for the amount due on their respective shares
at the time of their entering upon the occupation of their allotments . The mortgage to bo redeemed by the termination of the Society , or as much sooner as the members , by increased subscri ptions , shall think proper . Some members must , of necessity , be tb . 3 last to receive their allotments ; but tho rules profide compensation for the delay , inasmuch as the bonuses and interests paid upon all previous assignments of shares will be carried to the credit of unlocated members , thereby
diminishing the amount of their payments . This brief outline , together with a perusal of the rules , will , it is hoped , show both the soundness and practicability of a project , which , if supported with spirit and energy by the land-seeking portion of the community , ¦ will be found the medium of conferring on them , to a great extent , that freedom and independence which all so ardently desire . We may just add that the freehold secures the vote .
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Aberdeen—A , great general meetog of this branch was held in Mrs . Bains' hall , 63 , Castle-strcefc on Monday , 27 th August . The meeting was called for the purpose of reading and commenting upon the proceedings of the late Conference , aud other matters connected with the branch . Mr . Charles Slaver having been voted to the chair , the secretary read the resolutions submitted to the Conference , as reported in last weeks Star by Mr . Philip JI'Gratb , secretary to that body . A strong , and somewhat animated discussion took place , in which most of the members present took part . Mr . W .
Lyon moved , and John Thomson seconded , the following resolution . — " That this meeting having heard the resolutions agreed to rt the late Conference , do approve of the same , and express their opinion that the acts of the Directors bo as far lnnitcd as possible until the Company is legalised . " — " That if the Court of Queen ' s Bench decide that the Company is illegal , they are of opinion that it should be wound up . " Moved as an amendment by Thomas Thaw , and seconded by James Jack : — " Tliat the Company be wound " up , and that the Directors be allowed until the 29 th September , 1 S 50 , t « make a final settlement with the members . "
Upon the motion and amendment being put to the vote the motion was carried by a Large majority . The secretary then gave a statement of the arrears due upon the books ' for local expenses , and also the liabilities of the branch . The meeting then commenced to tbe election of ofHce bearers for next quarter , wheu the following , by a majority of votes , were daly _ elected . Charles if aver , president ; David Burns , vice president ; William Porter , treasurer ; Bobert Robertson , secretary ; A . Fiddes , John Thomson , "William Lyon , James M'latyre , Robert Findlay , David Wright , William Lyon sen ., and George Smart , committee . The chairman then
gave notice that tbe meetings would be held as usual upon the first Friday of each month , and the meeting separated . Edisborgh . — The quarterly meeting of this branch was held in the Ilall Society Close , Xetherbow , on Monday evening , Mr . John Kevin in the chair . After the usual business , it was moved by "Walter Pringle , and seconded by David Chestney . — " That in the opinion of this branch , it is desirable that a district delegate meeting be held on as early a day as possible , in the most central place , and that the secretary communicate with the various branches in tbe district , requesting them to take the matter into consideration . A sob-committee was
then appointed to communicate with the Directors to procure information on matters affecting the general interests of the Company .
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~ Belgian Pboduce . —Some rather extensive importations of live plants are taking place at the present time from abroad . A vessel arrived from Ghent has brought thirty-one baskets and fifteen boxes of live plants , as a portion of her cargo , the produce of Belgium .
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THE LAND AND LABOUR QUESTION . TO Jin . A WALTON AND THE LONDON TRADES . Sin —In my last I endeavoured to giro an outline of my plan of a complete organisation of tbe trades , and how all other sections of labour ( for I mean it to apply to all departments of industry ) might be brought to bear on the land . I speak of tbe trades princi pally on account of the better system of organisation , which could , with a better
activity and energy , be made more efficient than any other system of union at present existing , and with the union of the other industrial classes for any given object , might easily form a society of more than a million of members . Thi 3 strength would enable them to buy tbe best of land , at the lowest price . To make the payments certain and continuous I have proposed the system of collection to be a per centage on income , collected weekly . On all incomes not above twelve shillings a-week , two and a half yer cent . ; above twelve shillings , and not above fifteen shillings a-week , three per cent . ; above nfteen shillings , and not above eighteen shillings a-
weeh , r eur per cent . ; all above eighteen shillings to pay five per cent . The payments to extend over a given number of years , and not to cease on location , or to have any connexion with that event , but to cease when the sti pulated number of years expires . As a matter of course , the smaller the income the period of payments would extend over a longer time ; but I would so regulate the time as to make the amount of payments , in a small degree , largest where the incomes were largest ; but all to amount to , at least , abioit £ 10 ; by the time thev were fully paid up this would give a large sum for original purchases , and make the location progress more specdilv .
As my intention is to combine all industrial occupations with a permanent residence on the land , so that all those wishing to carry on their former trades should have it in their power to do so by having part of the money laid out in purchasing land and buildings , and part given them for the purpose of carrying on their former occupation , either siugly or in the form ot association ; for I see no reason why an association , possessed of capital , could not compete with any single individual , who it may be has cither plenty of capital or credit , but whose workmanship depends entirely on the hired labour of those who have no interest in the matter , but the competition wages which their employer is compelled to allow them . On the other hand , every individual of the association lias a direct interest in the amount and quality of the work done , as the first increases their profit , and the last establishes their character as workmen , and by that means increases their trade .
I am , therefore , convinced that every occupation , when hired labour is required , can he more profitably conducted by association , both for the party to whom the work does , or shall belong , as well as the workers , who , by this means , will add the emp loyers' profits to their wages . This mi ght be ohleeted to by some as calculated to create greater competition in the Labour market ; but as the land would be the most profitable field for employment , those in possession of it would bestow as much of their time there as would keep their competition within legitimate bounds ; in fact , having tho land to fan back upon they would bo tbe first to retire from unproStablecompetition , but theextended ificld , opened by the society ' s operatives alone , would do
far more than overbalance all their opposition . Again , those parties who would he inclined to devote their whole time to the cultivation of the land , for all , in preference to their former trades ( and these would form a large number ) I would give them double quantity of land ; this I would purchase with the money required by those combining farming with trade to carry on the latter occupation . I am satisfied good land could be got in superior situations , owing to the quantity the society would be able to purchase at one time , at an average price not above £ 30 per acre . Those wishing to combine farming with trade or manufacturing , would each get one and a half acres of land , with commodious , suitable buildings , at the rate of £ 10 an acre .
to assist with seed and implements , and enable them to live until they were comfortably settled , in regard to former employment , and also to reach the first crop . Those intending to devote their whole time to agriculture would get three acres of land , with building , £ 10 an acre to commence with ; so that the case with both parties would be ns follows : — The first class would have , for land , £ 45 ; for building , £ 80 ; sustentation money , £ 15 ; and to commence in an associate capacity in their former occupation , £ 60 . The second clas ' s would have , for land , £ 90 ; for buildings , £ S 0 ; for sustentation money , £ 30 . Both parties to pay , instead of rent , interest on tbe capital expenditure , at the rate of four per
cent . My mode of location would be easy and simple . When an estate came to he located , say 150 locations , I would take fifty of the oldest members , that is , those having first joined the society ; this would be one-third ; the other two-thirds I would allocate by bonus , giving them credit for the amount by deducting the interests of it from their rent-charge , at the rate of four per cent . ; say bonus , £ 6 os ., I would deduct 5 s . ; £ 12 10 s ., deduct 10 s . ; £ 25 , deduet £ 1 ; and £ 50 , deduct £ 2—and on paying £ 200 , to be free of all rent-charge whatever , and to bo entitled to a conveyance of the property by paying the requisite expenses . I would give every encouragement to parties to purchase , aa it would always
enable the society to locate tho members the more speedily ; and the more members located the society would be the more powerful , both in a social and political point of view , which would be the grand aim of its existence . I confess it sounds hard and harsh to my ears to urge a whole people to purchase the land that is by natural right their own ; but to purchase their lost rights , either by blood or partly with money , is the only way I can see left to them to get possession of that right so unjustly withheld ; and I for one would much rather prefer the latter course ; one thing I know , the people only will get justice when they are in & position to demand it . The plan here faintly sketched out , would , in a few years ( if carried out with vigour ) ,
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' place the people in that invincible position , and , with sufficient knowledge , be able to keep their power , in defiance of all opposition . Trusting , gentlemen , that time will soon arrive , and that you will accelerate its speed a thousand-fold , I remain , Ac , ' Brechin - A . Campbeix . r- ¦—i , , Ui ^ . ^ v . ^— ,. , _
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Ceipplbgaik LocAiny , 28 , Golden Lane . — At the usual weekly meeting of members on Tuesday last , it was resolved that a public meeting ba held on behalf of Hungary as early as possible , and that collecting books be given to members to receive subscri ptions for that object- The Secretary reported , that the balance sheet was prepared for ^ o , 1 n arte ^ and that the incPme amounted to £ 21 10 s . Id ., the expenditure to £ 23 . The expenditure of the locality had been for two public meetings , publishing tracts , three contributions to the Hungarian testimonial , and £ 3 10 s . 6 d . to the victim fund , with other incidental expenses in connexion with tbe propagation of nolitical
informa-• ion . A vote of thanks was given to the Cordwametsfor the fund which they had rawed for the victims . It was stated that Mr . Magee ' s work-box realised 10 s . Gd , which had been paid into the victim fund , and a vote of thanks was given to Me Magee . Orders were received in the locality for various publications and political $ > hmphletB and review ? , stated to be supplied by Mrs . Fussel , who is considered to be really deserving of support , having a numerous family on her hands to maintain . After transacting other business , the meeting adjourned . Finsbury Locality .-At a meeting on Monday last at Humphries Coffee House , Clerkenwell-green , after transacting other business , it was resolved that the members should meet on Monday evening , at seven o clock , at the above house .
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MR . KYDD'S TOUR . TO THE EDITOH OP TJJB NORTHERN STAR . Dear Sir , —I have by arrangement lectured at Bingley , Keighley , and district , for these last ei » ht days . I have before had occasion to remark on the manner in which the leading men of these districts arrange their local affairs . In most cases they have regular places of meeting ; either their own property , or rented for a stated time ; a library and school attached , and the effects of these arrangements , at all times desirable , are clearly manifested Men of naturally strong minds are well informed ; the youth are carefully restrained from the vices and follies common to their age ; and those patriots who have
grown grey in the cause of radical democracy , find for themselves a resting place , and are surrounded by influence congenial and agreeable Comment would be useless . Let me say to other districts—profit by the example , co-operate aud do likewise . Tho two most remarkable meetings which I have or late attended ; are those of Halifax and Todniorden . The Halifax meeting was held on the Wednesday of last week ; the Mayor in the chair Ihe ob ject of the meeting was to sympathise with fallen Hungary . The Odd Fellows' Hall , a spacious and handsome building , was crowded to excess , and the butcheries of Russia and Austria the imbecility of the English administration , and nerfidv
oi tne > suicidal French , were denounced in good Yorkshire English . It wants only a few men of strength of mind , and moral courage , to give to the public opinion of Yorkshire its proper complexion . The sub-stratum of thought is sound and manlike oiten expressed in rude phrases and ill-arranged words , but always bearing with it the rin ° - of genuine metal . Maudlin , soft-tongued , smoothedfaced hypocrisy , may he tolerated when there is nothing else needful ; but when the Yorkshiremen speak out they say what they feel , and they speak in words " hard as cannon-balls ; " their sympathies are sound , and they scorn those half-eyed statesmen who have no pity far the lamb , and clamour for compassion to the wolf .
At lodmorden , on Tuesday evening , the Odd Fellows Hall was filled , and the resoluttons . carricd unanimousl y , embraced the following sentiments •—'The Hungarian struggle was justifiable and heroic-the fall of Hungary is fraught with omens of coming evil for England—the , British ministry deserve impeachment for not yielding to the universal expression of a powerful public opinion , and recognising , de fa cto , the independence of Hungary—the doctrine of international non-intervention is sound in principle , and has been grossly violated by tbe united governments of France and Russia—who seem to have coalesed to wa ^ e war against the civil ri ghts of the citizens of other states . We now call on the British ministry to i 7 1
use pneir mnuence , citner by remonstrance , arbitration , or otherwise , to restore the independence of Hungary , and the freedom of Home—to oblige the other powers of Europe to confine their interference within their own territories—to prevent at all times the destruction of separate nationalities and independent constitutions-r-the spread of despotism and barbarous absolutism . "We sympathise with the persecuted patriots of all lands ; and should the upright Mazzini , the noble and generous Kossuth , or any of their compatriots , be driven by the pressure of circumstances to look for a home on the shores of England , we welcome them as brethren , m the hope that when their country requires theiv aid , they will be restored to the lands of their fathers , to protect and celebrate the freedom of their fellow citizens , and aid in the destruction of
kingly usurpation , merciless despotism , and priestly misvule . I have not a copy of the resolutions at hand , but I know that I have rendered their meaning faithfull y . On a recent occasion , the Times newspaper , ( the writers of which enjoy the reputation of writing for the world , and being believed by nobody ) , sneeringly said , in reference to yourself , " that Chartism had a foreign as wqII as a home policy . ' The malicious sneer was in part true ; and the Todmorden resolutions induce me to think that , in the better future , Engiund will demand at the hands of her rulers , a foreign policy as well as a home policy— " A consummation most devoutly to be wished . " Faithfully yours , _ , , Samuel Kydd . September , 5 , P- S . —¦ Parties desirous of writing to me , must do so directly , and address , Post Office , Oldham . —S . K
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THE MONEY SUBSCRIBED FOR DOCTOR M'DOUALL'S WRIT OF ERROR , OR OTHERWISE . On the 25 th ult ., a letter appeared in the Northern Star from Dr , M'Douall , rcquestinc that tho balance in hand he remitted to his fa mily ? Mr . Haraey desired the subscribers would write , authorising me to do so . This was not responded to during the following week . This week I have received letters instructing me to forward the balance in hand to Mrs . M'Douall , from Nottingham , Preston , Northampton , Holmfirth , Dundee , Cheltenham , Royton , and several other places . "With these instructions I have complied , and the amount is now in her hands .
The Liverpool Committee have written to the Editor , censuring mo for asking the subscribers what I should do with the money . The Editor is at liberty to publish their animadversions on my conduct . The money was neither theirs ( the Committee ' s ) nor mine ; and , as the effort to obtain a Writ of Error was hot made—yet £ 10 of the money was lost—I thought it my duty to appeal to the subscribers before parting with more . I have my own way of doing business , and I do not feel bound to be led by the nose by every knot of fault-finders . One cannot please everybody ; therefore , it is perhaps as well to take people ' s acrimonious doses as coolly as possible . I suppose it is my reward for attending to the business , and paying postages . So now for the winding up : —
BECEIVED . PAID . 1819 . £ . s . 3 . 1349 . £ . S . d . Feb . 3 .. Ill March 23 . Postage — 10 .. 1 19 9 Stamps to Dr . — 17 .. 3 5 10 M'Douall .. 0 1010 — 24 .. 0 9 0 March 24 . Cash to March 3 .. 010 Cobbett .. 10 0 0 — 17 .. 17 1 Sept . 6 . P . O . orders — 24 .. 2 7 1 to Mrs . M'Douall 11 V 3 — 31 .. 2 19 * Cost of Orders .. 0 13 April 7 .. 1 18 7 — 14 .. 1 1411 — 21 .. 1 13 8 : — 23 .. 117 11 May 19 .. 018 1 June 30 .. 0 16 July 7 .. 010 August 4 .. 0 4 0
_ £ 2 i 19 10 £ 21 19 10 Those sums under tho head " for Mrs . M'Douall , " have all been paid over to the Victim Comittee , with the exception of two sums—18 s . 3 d . I sent direct to Liverpool on March 6 th , and 103 . on the 15 th of the same month . William Rideb .
P S ? Sat 0 ? PRINTING DONE FORl ASSEMBLY C 0 NVE ? TI ° * AUD NATIONAL assar *** " * -I ; 1 ! John Arnott '" n n c Sfta "S- ( S «^ i ::: •» £ A Friend , Chovlcy "' . 0 0 4 Worc ester , M , Handing . Z Z P . M'Grath \\ 2 * ° S . Boonham ... ; " ;;; ;;; g f g £ 2 19 9 —' ffttsftswrtsSfc iSipSSSill ESSRe& gifssss cred t of the Chartist party , both of which are deeply concerned m the settlement of the bill of Mr . M'Qowan , Thomas Clark .
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reflection ; on the ground that we mav again he deceived by the middle-classes , as we ' were after the passing of the Reform Bill . To such I would Bubmit that : —Firstly , the features and circumstances of the present case are altogether different to what they were then . The Reform Bill was designed to givo power to the middle class , while the present scheme proposes to invest a large portion of the working class with political rights ; and surely we may with confidence rely on their honour and fraternal feeling , in using their newly-acquired power , to effect the emancipation of their less fortunate friends . Secondly—I see no rational ground of hope—taking a glance at the slow progress we have made during tho last seven yearsthat the most sanguine can indulge in , of obtaining _ ¦ e p i 1- t s e - d ir d » s u ) - - g — -
ks tno entire Uflarter lor many yeai-8 to come , unless we are prepared to act in accordance with the suggestion I have thrown out . If the mountain will not come to Mahomet , Mahomet must go to the moun-I tain . "While the different sections of reformers remain isolated and divided , they are powerless for good , and their disunion ensures to our enemies an easy and certain victory . And , Lastly-In addition to the / services of our recognised parliamentary icniettatne , wo may calculate on the countenance r nd support of many liberal-minded men in the House , who do not at present hold wfcnt tV ? + i' i ^ ^ , trerae opinions advocated by us :, I hope that the Chartists will not incut the resuon . - simiity and reproach that musfcatterid the jreieCfcuw of this proffered i » iBt « iment of ' . their ri « i # - Mr .
y ur onor . ha 8 set us anoble example , which it is our duty , as well as our interest , to imitate . Fear of trespassing at too great a length on your valuable columns , prevents me'from saying but a few words , on the necessity of a n immediate infusion of popular and vigorous blood into the present corrupt House of Commons . I must , therefore , confine myself to a brief allusion to the Labour question . The present depressed , and constantly deteriorating condition of tho working population of / rcc and happy England , j and , as a consequence , the Bteady increase of our parochial burdens , must force the discussion of this question of questions , on our reluctant and incon . petent rulers . AIlclasse 8 of the community arebeginning to complain of the great pressure of tho poor ' s rates on the industry of the country , which now amount
to within a trifle of what they were when the . new poor-law was introduced Since the passing of that act , the Malthusians have resorted to the expedients ot punishment , imprisonment , and seini-starvation , in the vain attempt to banish poverty from the land , but without success . Pauperism still exists , and steadily increases , in spite of their philosophy and restrictive laws . Now , it must be obvious to any unprejudiced mind , that our aristocratic legislators do not know how to deal with this question , or they would not allow it to assume such a frightful aspect ; and one of the reasons wny we demand the suffrage , is , that we may send men to parliament who are thoroughly conversant with the remedy for this social disease winch afflicts the body politic . We should then see our huge prison-like alms-houses , where multitudes of able-bodied persons of both sexes arc kept in listless idleness , or at mischievous and unprofitable eml h t 1 - '
ployment , at an enormous expense to the ratepayers , replaced b y self-supporting pauper colonies , in which the policy of employing the colonists in reproductive labouv ou the land , would , no doubt , be satisfactoril y demonstrated . That many auch beneficial social measures would result from the contemplated oxtension-of the suffrage , there can be no question , and working men should evince their appreciation of its importance by a strenuous and systematic agitation to obtain it . We may form some idea of the value of the franchise , by observing the tenacity with which its present possessors clun 0 to its exclusive exercise , and the jealousy with which both Whig and Tovy governments regard all popular movements tending tho enfranchisement of the masses . That the middle and working classes may see the propriety of at once forming an invincible coalition is the earnest desire of a Southampton . Socialist-Chartist .
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' SHOEMAKERS' EXHIBITION FOR THE CHARTIST PRISONERS . TO THE EDITOR OP THE N 0 MIIEKJ BTAH . biR , —Will you be good enough to permit the following statement of the particular disbursements of the money which was collected by tho late exhibition of prize boots and shoes for the benefit of the Chartist prison-sufferers to appear in yourpaner This plain column of figures will , no doubt cive more satisfaction than any remarks of mine , seeing that , in the distribution , the utmost care has been taken to treat all alike , according to their families , and therefore to do away with every suapicion of favouritism . Yours truly , London , September 4 th , 18 id M < YEIOn *
Messrs .-West , Wliite , Leach , Dono- \ van , Rankin , and Cropper . 5 0 0 Mrs . Rankin , with 3 children . . 0 11 6 Mrs . Cropper 2 ditto ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Leach 5 ditto ... 0 14 6 Mrs . Donovan 5 ditto . . 0 14 fi Mrs . West 3 ditto ... 0 11 6 ^ Mrs . White fr 3 ditto ... 0 11 6 Mrs . M'Douall •* 4 ditto ... 0 13 0 Mrs . Young - . ^ no fam ily ) 0 7 ft Mrs . Jones ¦ ¦ $ 2 children ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Lapey . ? 5 ditto ... 0 14 6 ? ; S A ^ f- - f ditt 0 - 0 11 6 Mrs . Abel k . 3 ditto ... 0 11 6 Mrs . Bezer |* 4 ditto ... 0 13 0 * X " '?^ 63 ^ 3 ditt 0 - 0 11 6 Mrs . Williams 4 ditto ... 0 13 0 Mrs . Ritchie' ( no famil y ) ... 0 7 0 Mvs . Prowten 2 children ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Shell ( no famil y ) ... 0 7 0 Mrs . Cenway 1 child ... 0 8 G Mrs . Bryson ( mother ) ... 0 5 0 Mrs . Irons 5 children ... 0 14 C Mrs . Scadding 2 ditto ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Shaw 6 ditto ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Fussell 5 ditto ... 0 14 6 M "; , p ° d 41 . . 2 ditto ... 0 10 0 Ditto ( addition through the ( loath of her children ) ... 0 5 0 Mrs . Herbert 1 child ... 0 8 1 Mrs , Cuffey ( no family ) ... 0 7 0 MrS < Mulhns ( mother ) ... 0 5 0 Mvs . E . Jones 3 children ... 0 II 6 Mrs . Brewster 2 ditto ... 0 10 0 Mrs . Looncy 4 ditto ¦ ... 0 13 0 Mrs . Crow 3 ditto ... 0 11 6 ¦ Mr . Henry Angue ( to supply some ot his prison wants ) ... ... 0 4 0 Papers , Post-office Orders , and Postage 0 2 7 £ 22 19 1 * ot& 1 amount collected , £ 23 .-BalancTin " hand , A-111 * . TU—I ,
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THE SUFFRAGE . TO TKE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —Being an old and constant reader of and subscriber to , your valuable paper , I have taken the liberty of addressing to you , and through you to our Chartist friends generally , a few remarks on the importance of a speedy and effective union of the ditfevent classes of the friends of social and political progress . It is trul y lamentable to obsevvo the dissensions that exist and the prejudices that arc fostered by crafty and designing knave s amongst a body of men who ought to have but one common object in view ; but as it is my object to conciliate and unite , rather than by denunciation to stitt further separate tho apparently-hostile sections of Reformers , I shall refrain from indul ging in anv strictures calculated to give offence to the mos ' t fastidious of our friends .
Belonging as I do to that portion of reformers who estimate the value and importance of political questions only in tho proportion that they may be rendered available to the furtherance of some social end ; and believing Hint if we could be at once put in possession of Universal Suffrage we should then have gained but little , unless tho popular mind were imbued with right principles and views of social economy ; yet , nevertheless , I hold it to he the paramount duty of all who call themselves reformers to exert themselves at all times to obtain political rights for the great mass of tho people , who have been so long aud so unjustly excluded from a participation in them . And this duty is tho more imperative at tho present time when wo have sucli
, abundant evidence of the existence of an enlightened , though , perhaps , imperfectly-organised public opinion . This position being admitted , ( and fcw thinking men will be bold enough to deny it ) the question naturally arises , " What course under existing circumstances , ought we to pursue to obtain for all , their political ri ghts ? " , No doubt the Chartist organisation was , and still is , well calculated to effect it ; but owi . g to a combination of adverse circumstances , created chicflv by the bitter and unrelenting hostility of acSmrot and prostitute Press , and the selfishness , pride an W ?™™ 0 * V ^ istocratic sections of the m ddlo and work
ngclasses _ the «* deM ofaU ^ « wie * -its progross has been retarded , and its use-SoTurSf 1 Buta « a « wft upon us , and there now appears some probability of obtaining an instalment of our rights . A porB of the nudaoclasses-from motive ! which we must not too closely scrutinise-secms disposed to harness themselves to the car of political progress and Ch ri s't ' ui T ^ ™ tho part ' of the IKS rf iOcpthom wel W to the collar-to use the whip of persuasion and argument-and put Swnir " *? , whecl - t 0 hel P them oveAl the obstructions that w I h * « nwm > ift ; n ,. i ., * u .
n their path . 1 * »* l ^ 5 wE £ ' fcfai £ diately commenced by tnc working men , in conjunction with that portion of tho middle class who £ rf , u » ff VOBraWc i t 2 T views ' as t 0 8 ive us llouse-™ , J ?? > . . and by tho nexfc session of parliament we shall be able to exhibit such an array of moral force , as shall make our tyrants tremble , and at the same timo enable Messrs . O'Connor , Duncombe , and other true friends of the people , to successfully ™ , out * h , Polished programme oftheParlia-» m ! S ! ? i B 8 filrm Associ at'on , which , undoubtedly , wdl be tto precursor of the Charter . It is , cdv-JS ' # ? t the Chartists should adopt lifW W ' ? h tliey mfty consistently do , cSS . s one jofc of thoh ardour for th ° ^ h ^^ L - ' 1 ^ 0 must anticipate some little £ ™ l * p > ' from those of our friends who are accustomed to act more from impulse than
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,. . / ~ : . 7 s - uemg m possession oS ^ litical power , have unjustly thrown the burden of this debt from their owd shou lders on . to tho shoulders of tho people ; thdy have not only done this , but they ha ^ e in reality ' doubled the debt , by tho Currency Bill of . 1819 . lhc debt was contracted when the money of tlio country wa 3 constituted of . paper , which money permitted prices to advance as taxation increased , thus giving the power of charging taxation to price . Sir Robert Peel ' s bill of 1810 restored the original standard of value to gold , malting ' gold the basis of the circulation of paper . As paper money , when & legal tender , represented taxation prices , gold money , as a legal tender , represented intrinsic j value . When this change was effected , theprico of 1 commodities immediately sought an equilibrium ; as parties wore compelled to sell their commodities for an article which never can be anything but intrinsic value , the prices fell to an intrinsic value , — , thus the people were compelled to pay the sama amount ot taxation , and were effectually deprived of the power of adding their amount of taxation to , . the intrinsic value of their productions , The fundholders , pensioners , and " all classes living on fixed incomes , wero bennfitted by the change , inasmuch as their incomes remained tho same , while every article they consumed was reduced one half ov more in pvice , —hence tlieir poweu was augmented to a considerable extent , while tha power of the people was diminished . Industry has been . pressed down to the very dust era- sir . ee , — working men have become tho veriest slaves of capital , —the noble attributes of man have beea paralysed , —he has been reduced to tho ' sad necessity of craving from his fellow-roan the liberty to ~
live ; this Jms generated disaffection , which has sought a remedy in political changes . The Reform Uill was to do a great deal for tha people ; tho people , however , found no benefit from it ; in fact , the Whig ministers have received thec / greatest advantage as it has given thorn tho grcatwjr ' share of place and pension ; they , however , hajffnearly run their race , —their name will be linndeJ down to posterity with contempt , —they have proved themselves to be the purest representations of deception , and will receive their reward .
Mr . Brook gives thvco propositions , which ha states he is prepared to argue . I am » t .. a loss to discover what ne means by his first proposition , foe it . is- evident that woro all institutions right there would . lie none wrong , and is not tho currency an . institution ? Hisrsecond proposition charges a class of individuals as being swindlers , and yet in a former part of his letter ho advises the laissczfairt principle . How can the evils he speaks of in hia third proposition be remedied on the let-alone principle . It Mr . Brook will enlarge a little more on these propositions perhaps his ideas may be calculated to arouse tho public mind to reflect on this subject , which I should indeed be glad to witness , as it is without doubt one of the most important subjects . Yours truly , John Cuipax , Jun .
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THE CURRENCY QUESTION . TO inE EDITOR OF THE SOUTHERN STAR . bio , —It appears to me that Mr . Brook has not given the subject of the currency a fair examination , ov tne principles entertained by those parties who are favourable for a change of tho currency have not been impartially examined by him . I am perfectly agreed with Mr . Brook as to the necessity of a change in our social and political economy . The present system is nothing more than legalised roboery , and so long as it is allowed to exist wo shall have a carnivorous state of competition , followed I y a train of demoralising principles , destructive to the real happiness and " peace" of all classes of the community .
It does not require much depth of penetration to discover that tho obnoxious quality of competition owes its existence , to a considerable extent , to tho laws which govern our currency . It is only necessary to ascertain whether these laws allow the circulating medium to expand in a just proportion with an increasing population ; if this should be louud not to be the case , but , on the contrary , tlio . endency being to prevent , as much as possible , nti increase in the quantity of money , it will bo scon at once that , with an increasing population and a restricted currency , competition will exhibit itself in the most unjust and tyrannical character . The present system of currency is a gigantic swindle , jjivmg to the non-producer the power to abstract
Tom the producer the major portion of the fruits of his industry . This power arises from the fact of our currency having a metallic base ( being a " commodity ' specially protected for the benefit of tho money aristocracy ) , and this one of tho scarcest commodities in tho world , it follows as . 1 matter of course that its supply in this country will always be limited , and being a commodity must really bo under tlio same eternal influences as all othcr ' comnioditics , and therefore liable to bo bought by the foreigner . And thus abstracted from circulation its abstraction produces a result serious in its consequences to the labouring population by reducing their wages—beneficial to the money-lord hy ad vancing the rateof interest ; hence it is the interest
of tho labourer to have an abundance of money in the country , and beneficial to tlio money-lonl , and all who have fixed incomes , to have a deficient circulation , which means extortionate interest and low prices , which cannot be produced without lowerin g wages . ° Mr . Brook appears to think that tho advocates tor Currency Reform base their advocacy on the fact , that because bankers obtain largo possessions through the exercise of tho privilege they have granted to them , that therefore the people ought to have the same facilities for making themselves rich by having tho same privileges granted to them . I have not seen any such motive as this advanced by any writer ou the currency question—in fact , it is absurdity itself . Tho nation is none the richer by
the acquisitions of a banker—he produces nothing . Hence , if he possess any property , he has obtained it through the exorcise of a power conferred by an act of parliament—he , to speak plainly , is a robber iy licence—therefore , that which ho possesses has been obtained through , vicious institutions ; had the people the same privilege , tlieir accumulations would bo of tlio same character . Under a inst system of currency—that is , a circulating medium representing value , and not value itself—not issued by private companies , but issued by a " real Bank ot England , having its centre in London and brandies in every town in the United Kingdom paper money as the circulating medium , based , as tho national dubt , on all the property of tho nation , is
-suca on tno produce ot the country , withdrawn as the produce went into consumption . —tUus a iust equilibrium would bo produced between money ' and produce—there could be no fluctuations in pricelabour would become tho standard of value , a reduction in value could not take place without bein « preceded bya corresponding reduction of labour by tho application of machinery , &c—usurers would not be able to extract the fruits of the labourer by increasing the rate of interest—the money issued not being of any intrinsic value , the rate of interest required by the national bank would not be above one per cent ,, to pay the necessary expenses of its management . As cottage property is calculated on interest for money at five per cent ., and considered to if the
pay badly owner does not receive seven per cent ,, to cover repairs , Ac , it follows , that should money be issued at one per cent ., cottage property must come down in rent very materially . If five per cent , produces seven and a half , what will one per cent , produce ? The solution of this question will show to tho world the annual robbery which the present system of currency enables the owners of property to inflict on the working classes , were this the only injustice the people had to boar it would ho to a certain extent tolerated , because they would be , by industry , enabled to enjoy , to a greater extent , the fruits of their industry . It unfortunately is not the case . There is an enormous national debt , —which was contracted to preserve property , the whole of the interest of which is paid by tho people , —the owners of property , by
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THE HAND-LOOM WEAVERS OF KNARESBOROUGU TO THE TRADES OP YORKSlIIltE . Feuow Workmen , —Amidst the many and weighty appeals made to you ot lale for your sympathy and support , to aid freedom and constitutional right against the fearful and iniquitous inroads of the worsts of despotisms , we venture to lay before you and tho public a case , although not so generally wide spread in its blighting . aud destructive consequences , yet without 11 parallel iu tha manufacturing districts of England . The case to which we would call your attention & another of those attacks , so frequently made by Messrs . Walton and Co ., on the last remaining wages of their hand-loom weavers—an attack declared by all to be not only unnecessary , but a mosfc wanton act of cruelty , and iu which not another
master m the town will participate . Prior to this attempted reduction , the hand-loom weavers of Messrs . Walton and Co . were receivin g less remuneration for their labour than any otlice place in Yorkshire , by ten per cent . Their average wages ( if wages they could ho called ) , were from six to . eight shillings per week , for regular skilled labour , ' But wages that ranged so high wero considered by far too enormous " for the hard-working artisan ; therefore , in strict conformity with all their previous actions , they now generously propose another fall in tho labour market of from ' five to twenty-fiva per cent . ! The announcement of such a reduction was received by their workmen , with surprise and horror . So ' much suffering had they cudurud from poverty and starvation , " That from ivant of sleep and sustenance Their minds distempered and their bodies numbed . " They were totally incapable to provide against an event which they believed impossible .
"But for mere want , how hard to suffer wron " , Want brings enough of other ills along I " Nothing now remained for the poor hand-loom , weavers but the most gloomy prospect—either ai living starvation , ov a successful resistance . Wa appealed to our own trades—we told them a plain , tale . They responded to our calls , and advised us by all means to make a determined stand . They all supported us with pecuniary weans to tbe utmost of their power and still continue to do so in the inoso honourable manner ; so also have the "entry and trading classes of our own neighbourhood who have seen the gross injustice practised unon us .
Fellow-workmen , —We have briefl y stated ouu circumstances to you ; our members on strike aro 120 , which , witl \ their families who have to be supported , amount to near aill ) individuals . You hava over shown your sympathy for tlio oppressed , and we confidently hope our appeal will not bo vain , bub that you will render us what pecuniary assistance you have m your power . A deputation will be appointed to visit ts : o manufacturing districts of Yorkshire , to explain the circumstances , and solicit aid m our behalf . I am on behalf of the distressed hand-loom Weavers of Knarcsborough , „ . 6 . Uhmshall , Secretary . Committee Room , Mr . Edsou ' s , Old Elephant and Castle , Knarcsborough , Sep . 4 , 18-19 .
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THE MISEttS OP THE NORTH . At the usual delegate meeting of the miners of Northumberland and Durham , held on Saturday last , at the Code Inn , Newcastle , the following resolutions were agreed to , viz . ;—" That tho project of forming an ouiisration fund be postponed until a future period . " " "That the subject of making a provision for tha lecturers , in ease they should ho overtaken by sickness or any accident befal thorn while lbihwing the business of tho society , bo referred to tha colliers again , there being somo misapprehension regarding the matter last time . " "That to facilitate thoappointment of the lecturers * routes , each colliery forward to tho geiwral secretary tbe particulars , time , and place , if they want the attendance of tho same , so that the secretary nii-rhfe make out a proper plan . and thus cnsuvA n r > , nw »
punctual attendance . " The subject of appointing parties to address tho miners , and the resolutions to be- proposed at the general meeting 011 Shadair ' s-hill , bting then , discussed . It was rcsalved , —• ' That ddegatea meet immediatel y after tho dismissal of the public meeting , at tho house of Mr . Kobert ttobson , Mount , near the place of meotin ? , and that all monies duo to the board be paid tlike at tlio same tiruc . The Chairman then begged leave to read from the Northern Star , of tli ' afc date , an article on " Colliery Murders , " which article' gave groat satisfaction , and produced ' mi emulation to procures conws of tlio paper containing the comment oa colliery explosions .
A letter was then rend from Mr . Wvld , M . P ; stating his intention , if possible , to atu-iid the meeting , he being anxious to learn the sixjei . l complaints on the ventilation ot the pits in this district , it being his intention to make a tour amem a tho collienoa for that purpose . It was then resolved , "Thatthat gentleman he apprised that one of tlio propositions to be Inoiifht before the lneeUn g would be connected with tho ventilation of the pits here , and if ho could nttend lie would hear the feelings and convictions of a goodly number of the miners upon that question . "
ine delegates from Castle Eden gave a lucid j atcnient of tho hardships and grievances to which tie miners had for a long time succumbed , using tlieiv best arts of persuasion to procure an abate mont , f the rigour of the same from their employerbut ho being doaf to all they could adduce , the \\ lielo body ot men had resolved to cease work until they obtained a redress of their grievances ; and it us sincerel y desired that no miner should apply there for work during such struggle . The secretary reported that there was an in creased number of members , but not so large ns ia the preceding fortnights ; but from the reports of tho lecturers , and letters received from West Stanley , and Copy Crooks , there seemed to bo an anxious desire for lecturers to visit the collieries that hava not yet joined . Tho meeting was closed by the usual expression of good feeling , and determination to cany out tho
good work , now far advancing towards completion , and but wanting the united energies of all to crown , it with success . M . Jude , Chairman . [ We arc informed that tho miuers of IIeu « h Hall , West lletton , and Crowtvees , arc also tin tlo strike . ]
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"ffoSK ^ KrsTS JffiM ! , % mi ' TOTA ( iE ™ The friends of the above who may not yet have given to the fund raising ^ on their behalf , and intend to do so , are inforffed that Mr . and Mrs . Mullins , and other relative ! of the unfortunate victims of Whig tyranny , will leave England in a vessel which will sail from the port of London on the 15 th day of October next ; and as the funds will be forwarded by them direct to the several victims , it is earnestly requested their friends will bo prompt with their aid , as tho subscription list will finally close on Wednesday , October the 3 rd , 1819 . All Post-office orders on their behalf must he made payable to James Grassby , 90 , Regent-street Lambeth , London , at the Lambeth Post-office '
#Attoual Itzntb ≪Fonuiattin
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Mb. O'Connor's Toue.
MB . O'CONNOR'S TOUE .
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In one day , wo learn from the Perth Courier , tho Duke of Athol with his single gun brought down twenty-four head of deer . The Daily New questions whether the most accomplished butcher of our time has ever slatightered so many cattle in one day as his Grace has slaughtered deer ; for this is not hunting but slaughtering .
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Any toaneh secretary wishing to bare a printed cop ? of the collecting card , direct tome , postpria , with enclosed stamp for return letter , and I wiu . send one by return 0 ]
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L- NASQNAL TRADES' JOURNAL . ' 0
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P : ^ iJLJf- ° - __ LOBDOHSATURDAYSEPTEMBER !^ ^^ r ^^ : r \ - ¦ * * v * * ITe 81 >* U ««« gB and Sixpence per tgitnriet " '
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 8, 1849, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1538/page/1/
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