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THE SOUTHERN STAE SATUKDAY , SEF'rEMBEK S3, JS49.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Universal Chart , containing the Elements of Universal Faith , Universal Analogy , and Moral Government . By the Rev . J . E . Smith , SLA . Price Is .: by post . Is . 2 d . This littls work contains , in the form of articles , the elements of universal principles , or , as thc title expresses it , "the elements of universal faith , universal analogy , and moral government" It is divided into three parts , and each part into logically consecutive articles or materials of thought for those who desire to Iiave a definite and logical idea of universal truth in its spiritual and temporal polarities , without which two polarities in per fect union truth can have no being , and any attempt to reduce it to practice most result in sectarian bigotry on the one hand , or infidel anarchy aud convulsion on the other , Analytical CJiart of Universal Justice . -Trutb , and Peace ; avoiding the Two Extremes of Spiritualism and Material-
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In Two Volumes , price 10 s ., post-free . , VOLTAIRE'S FIHLOSOxUICAL DICTIONARY ; to which . is prefixed a Critical and Biographical Memoir , and a ' , Medallion Portrait of the Author . WordsofaBeliever ; orParolesd UnCrojant , byl'Abue ( le la . Mennm-5 . For Bavm ™ written which , he was excommvmicatfcd and damned for ever by the Pope . Price Is . stitched ; post-free , Is . 4 d . Common Sense . Cd .: by post , nine penny stamps . "Watson ' s Apology for the Bible . Is .: bv po = t Is . Cd . Watson Refuted . Gd . ; by post , Od . Eternity of the Uuiverse , * by G . 1 L Toulnv . n , M . D ., proving that the World aud all Xature have ever Existed Is . ly post , Is . Cd . An excellent and highly-finished Portrait of Thomas Paine , Uy Sharpe , on Tinted Paper , Is . by post . Is . 2 d A Small Portrait of Thomas Paine , fid . ; by post , 7 d . The following may be had iu Numbers to suit the pocket of the poorest Reader : —The Rights o I Man , in nine Xumoers , atlSd . each . —The Theological Works of Thomas Paine ( including the Age of Reason ) , in thirty-five Xumfcers , at Id . each . —The Age of Reason may be had in twenty numbers , at Id . each .
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AnEternal neR . —Twelve Reasons for not Believing in the Doctrine . The Almighty God—Twelve Reasons for Believing in his Existence . The Devil : —Twelve Reasons for xot Believing in his Existence . The Immortality of the Soul : —Twelve Reasons for Believing the Doctrine . The Lake of Fire—Hell , not a Place of Punishment but © f Progressive and Endless Felicity ; proved by Scrip-XB . —Price of each of the above Pamphlets , 2 d . if bv post , three penny postage stamps .
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AX ESSAY OX WAR . ; Or , Tyranny , Ignorance , and Anarchy , uersiis Freedom . Intelligence , aud Peace , being a Sketch of its Causes , ; Consequences , and Means of Removal . Price 3 d . bv post , Sd . ' * Say War is bad : allow ye then , this fact , What's bad iu principle is bad in act ; Good on eternal justice ever leans : " The end can never sanctify the means . "
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CAUTION . "DTJPTURES EFFECTUALLY CURED I * WITHOUT A TRUSS ! -3 > R . WALTER » E ROOS , 1 , Ely-place , nolborn-hHl , London , still continues to supply the afflicted with his celebrated CUKE for S 15 GLE or DOUBLE RUPTURES , the efficacy of which is now too well established to need comment It is easy in application , causes no inconvenience , and as the merit of this discovery , has never been disclosed , all others , arc spurious imitations oidy . Will be sent free on receipt of 6 s . Cd . by post-office order , or stamps Dr de R . has a great number of old trusses left behind by persons cured , as trophies of his immense success which lie will almost cive away to those whe like to wear them K . B .-Inquiry wW prove the fact , that this is the only remedy known , all others being spurious , useless , aud dangerous imitations , against wludi sufferers are especially cautioned . r Hours—10 till I , and firom 4 V tiU 8 . Her . H-Walcott . Higham Ferrers , writes : —• ' The person for whom you sent your remed y is quite cured , andvou viRbe good enough to sand me two more for others . " *
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DB . FLEISCHMAN'S CHOLERA ^ DBOPS . ' This Medicine is prophylactic against Choiera . It has l > een administered to 150 , 000 persons in Vienna , and to 8 'J . iWO in Hungary and Poland , and in not one * of those instances did the result belie its preservative qualities . —Spectator . Sold in bottles , Is . 9 d ., 3 s . Gd .. ¦ 5 s ., and 7 s . 64 each , by Sutton aud Co ., Bow Churchyard ; Edwards . St Paul's Churchyard ; Barclay and C » ., Farringdon-strtct , London ; and by all respectable chemists and patent medicine vcuilors in town and country .
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P UPTURES PERMANENTLY CURED XV W 1 TUOUT A TUUSS ! J—TIid Testimonials from members of the Medical Profession acd Patients who have * een cured tint are daily receive * by Dr . GUTHREY establish the efficacy of this remedy beVond a doubt- in every ease , however bad , cure is guaranteed , thus rendermgtrusse * . unnecessary . It is easy in application , perfectly painless , and applicable to both seses of all a » es Sent free on receipt of 6 s . fev Post-office order or stamns ' by Dr HEW CDTUBBT , I Ampton-sZTSJ ^ n roa ^ London . At homedafly fromTen till One , morning ; gx bll Eight , evening ; on Sundays , Ten till One only . Ssndreds of Trusses have been left behind by nereons eared , as trophies of the success of this the oniv ipn « 5 r for Hoptm ^ which wUl reoUy be giveu ^^ ytoKSS jjBjrrag them after a trial of it ' v ^ wms re J ^^ s mhiessei ae sQai eflsct of your core for nra . swsjsssr aa or * » "w-&
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- »* u-wawBM i . twh—awm imiiukjuiwiiW NOW IS THE COURSE OF PUBUCATIOX In Numbers at Three Pence each . Illustrated by appropriate Engravings , executed by Artists of the first Celebrity . THE PROGRESS OP CRIME OB , THE AUTHENTIC UEU 0 IR 3 01 ? MARIE MANNING , OF MISVER-PLACE , BERMOSDSEY . DHCBIPTIVE OF TOE EOTLAOIIDWARY SCENES OF HEB EVCSTFOI , LIFE , FROM HE& EABLIEST TOOTH TO THE PERIOD OF THE ATROCIOUS SIDRDER OF US . O ' COSSOR . : Bi ROBERT IIUISH , Ess . Author of the " . Memoirs of the Princess Charlotte , " " Gtorge the Fourth , " translator of "Lamartint s Travels in tie Holt / Ctnd , " " Maria Martin , &c . Strange , Paternoster-row ; Vickers , Holywell-streot ; and all booksellers iu town aud country .
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SOW REA . OY wrra the JIAGAZESES fob SEP TEMBEU No . IV . of THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY and LITERATURE . Edited by G . JULIAN HARSEY . contents : 1 . The Editor ' s Letter to the Working Classes on the New Reform Movement 2 . Letter from Paris . 3 . Our Inheritance : The Land common Property . Letter IV . 4 . Social Reform : Louis Blanc on Competition . 5 . The Queen ' s Visit to Ireland . G . Democratic Progress . 7 . The Hungarian Struggle ., Part II . 8 . Places of Note in Hungary . 9 . Will of the Tsar Peter , Emperor of Russia . 10 . American Poatry . 11 . Literature . 12 . The late Henry Hetherington . 13 . Political Postcript
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NOTICE . ; , \ ' Ijw" The Public and the Trade are informed that from the numerous applications for So . I . of the Democbatic Review , to render sets perfect , it has been determined to reprint it _ Orders must be given at onee , that the number of copies required may be known . The reprint of No . I . will be ready in the course of the present mouth .
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FoBir Pages ( in a coloured wrappsr ) , Pbice THREEPENCE . / . ondon .-E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wine Office-court , Fleet-street ; and ( on order ) of all Booksellers aud News Agents in Town and CouRtry .
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THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVER rOIUSHED . Price Is . 6 d ., k new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of M » O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS Sold b y J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster row , London ; A . Heywood , Oldliam-street , Manchesterr and Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And by all Booksellers in Towa and Country .
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On the 1 st of October will appear No . II . of THE OPERATIVES' FREE PRESS . The New Cambridge Democratic Publication . Conducted by Wobeing Men . Published Monthly . —Price Id . Cambridge : Nicholl ' s , Fitzroy-street ; London : Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Hcad . passage , Paternoster-row .
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MOTICE IS ' HEREBY GIVEN , - , i ! at a ^ Vest Kidin S <« ate Meeting will be held in the Democratic School Room , Croft-stroet , Wakefitldroad , Bradford , on Suiidav , the 30 th of September . A person mil have to be elected to fill the situation of West Biding Secretary for the ensuing year , a plan drawn up for the ensuing quarter , and other business of importance . Those places who are wishful to be placed on ths plan are requested to send a delegate . CnuiSTOPflEa Skackletos , West Riding Sec .
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; RUPTURES PERMANENTLY CURED WITHOUT A TRUSS .-Two years' experience in hundreds of cases of every variety of single-and double rupture , in both seses . and in many cases of a desperate nature , proves that Dll . BOOTH'S REMEDY is unfailing not a single instance of failure having occurred . Itismost simple , and easy iu application and effect , nud is conscientiously guaranteed a cure in all cases . —Authentic Testimonial : — " It is now ten months since I used * your remedv for rupture , and I am glad to say I have gone through every sort of exertion without the least re-appearance of it . "—J . Masters , Mill-street , Bedford . The remedy is sent , post free , with full instructions , rendering failure impossible , on receipt of Cs . by Post ] Office-order ( payable at Holborn office , ) or postage stamps , by Dr . JAMES BOOTH , 14 , iland-court . Holborn , London . Letters of inquiry must enclose twelve stamps for a reply .
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X JUL XJ li V / ll . 1 XI Hi » ^ v n ^ v ""— "" " ' ¦ - ¦ '—' MATHGIL In reply to numerous applications , relative to the purchase of portions of the Mathon Estate , I beg to refer the applicants to the terms so frequently stated in . the " Northern Star ; " and further to inform all who are anxious to become proprietors of any portion , that the money must be forwarded immediately ; that the price , as I have over and over again stated , is 37 / . an acre , of which % pev acre wiU be returned , and perhaps more , but certainly not less , when the timber and building
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TO THE MANCHESTER VICTIM FUND-COMMITTEE ., ' . ¦ v We have received a communication from tho Sheffield Secretary , that tbeJM . 11 s . received by Mr . O'Connor , at Sheffield , is to be applied to the relief of the Kirkdale prisoners ; and upon application to Mr . William Rider , " Northern Star" Office , the Committee will receive that amount .
The Southern Stae Satukday , Sef'rembek S3, Js49.
THE SOUTHERN STAE SATUKDAY , SEF'rEMBEK S 3 , JS 49 .
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THE PRE SS A N D THE L A ND SCHEME . "" The Land Scheme , like the Charter , is a GOOD CAUSE , but in BAD HANDS ; and it is a most remarkable fact , that that very portion of the Press which has derived most profit by puffing and advertising bubble schemes , should be most virulent in its attacks upon the only honest and practicable plan ever propounded for the regeneration of the working classes ; and to this fact we must ascvibe the vituperation of those organs , who represent the enemies of labour , and misrepresent the friends of the people ,
The" Morning Chronicle '' had , some days ago , an article upon Mr . O'Connor ' s Land Scheme , which must have been written by Lord Brougham , whose boast , at a recent agricultural meeting , was , that he might be able to distinguish between an ox an ' d . a . sheep , but beyond that distinction his knowledge did not go . He launched into hi gh encomiums upon the discovery and improvement of agricultural machinery worked by steam ; and laicl great stress upon the profit to be derived by the complete substitution of steam power for manual labour .
Tha " Dispatch" of last week , wholly unmindful of the " Gravel Pit'' farmer , who in the course of twelve years was metamorphosed from a drunken idle pauper into a sober industrious squire , has another fling at that diabolical Scheme , by the realisation of which alone the industrious can be released from the grasp of the profit-monger , and the dissolute from the fascination and temptations of the hired scribbler . Murders , drunkenness , and vice of every description is the stock-in-trade of the "Dispatch" and many other papers , and hence all dread the plan which would magically reduce their stores .
The readers of the "Dispatch" arc told , that great inducements were held out to those who would join the Land Scheme ; but alas ! they have failed . Our readers have not forgotten the great benefits that were promised to the working man from Free Trade ; but , perhaps , they are' not aware that the celebrated Sidney Smith , who would not know a cucumber from a handsaw , although , like Harry Brougham , he may be able to distinguish between an ox and a sheep—perhaps , we say , they are not aware that this enthusiastic Free Trader is now the editor of the " Weekly Dispatch ' , " and he has not forgotten , and never will forget , the trashing he received from Mr . O ' Connor , at Chelsea .
It is the practice with hired scribblers to write upon every subject that is before the public , whether they understand it or not—as , like flue ladies , out of the fashion out of the world—sheltering themselves from personal responsibility and criticism , under the plural mask AYE . We , upon the other hand , are not only construed into O'Connor ; but that gentlemen is held responsible , not only for every word that appears in the " Northern Star , " but for every word spoken , and every act committed by every individual of his party . : However , to return to Mr . Sidney Smith ' s landscape and portrait , which will be found at
run length in our first page , andto the perusal of which we invite the closest attention : and when the reader has perused it , the only conclusion that he can draw from it is . that under any circumstances , however reproductive , the Land Scheme must bo a failure , because we are told that even those who are located , must endeavour to return to their tormer occupations , or become paupers in the wkhouse . Now let « s ask , in the name of common sense how this prediction of last week tallies Avith that which we published from the same pro phet but a few weeks since : and
in wmen the reader was told to be of good spint-thatthe planw asgood-that byit alone , aU trades and handicrafts could be placed in their legitimate position if the thing was oulv placed under the control of HONEST TRUSTEES ? What has become of the vision of the two and a-half acre "Gravel-pit" man « Where now is the hope of the manufacturer ! the trader , the merchant , the shopkeeper , the mechanic , the artificer , and the artisan—all of
whom the " Dispatch" told us must rest their hope upon the more profitable emplo vment of the agricultural labourer upon the soil occupied for Ins own benefit ? This class , to be locSd HONEST SjsS * ° SU P ' vision <* iiyiM . Bibl IKUblLES , was to have consti-^ urt ^ r ^ sstts . ^ r
wereto . constitute the pure nation , ! 2 > and to displace the B ? bleaM he * L ^ ft arms of Church and State ' ahtdirjrl « ** « •" K-ntarfWS ^ JS
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= — - coffee— -had literally extracted all that was se nsible from the columns of the " Northern Star " and feeling convinced that he and his party ' will yet be compelled to adopt the O'Connor Land Scheme , he eulogised the Plan , but it was in BAD HANDS . But let us analyse the last diatribe of this practical cock-loft agriculturist . This profound philosopher descants upon the legal position of the Company , and talks of Mr . O'Connor ' s attempt to exempt himself from the charge ot fraud , and would make it appear that those
who have invested their money in the scheme have been deceived—nay , that they are ruined ; that there are no Trustees , and that the names of the parties from , whom the money came to purchase the several Estates , are not set forth in the conveyance ; although he tells us , that ho is not sure whether such a course would be requisite . Really , commenting upon such profound ignorance , coming from ono who professes to bo a public instructor , is almost too ridiculous . Was it not necessarynay , indispensable—that the folly of such writers should be exposed ?
Wo are asked , " If Mr . O'Connor has not mado a profit of the Land Plan , \ vhohas ?" We answer , "Those only who could make a profit of it as yet—the located members . And we would ask this scribbler to visit those several Estates , not for the purpose of seeing the crops—as , like Harry Brougham , he would not be able to distinguish between wheat and rye- —but to judge of its value , as far as health and contentment are concerned , by contrasting the appearance of the occupants with those of their order who are still working for . slave masters .
¦ But let us analyse the position of the founder and members of this society , and we will do it by contrast . If Sidney is a lawyer , or understands anything of law , is he not aware that there must be two parties to a contract , and that each party must perform the several covenants therein contained % Mr . O'Connor was the contractor to perform a certain amount of work ; the shareholders were the contractors to pay a certain amount of money to enable him to complete the work . Suppose a casein which Sydney Smith stood in Mr . O'Connor ' s position , and undertook to build a chapel , or a free trade hall , a school-house , or any other building , upon condition that a certain number of subscribers would each pay
a given sum , and suppose that sum to be 100 , 000 / . Now , if 90 , 950 / . of that amount was paid up , and if there was a deficiency o 50 / ., Sidney would not lay the foundationstone—the greater portion of the capital would be divided amongst barristers and lawyers ( uone , of couvso , -would stick to Sidney ' s fingers ); while the " Dispatch , " and many other papers , would describe him as a martyr , as a philanthropist , and a demi-god , and revile his dupes for having sacrificed him to his own credulity . But suppose further , that Sidney had devoted four years of his time , and nearly 7 , 000 ? . of his money to the realisation of his darling object , there would be a niche prepared for him in Westminster Abbey as the great philanthropist and martyr of his day .
Well , then , let us measure Mr . O'Connor ' s position by this contrast . The subscribers who entered the Company , and who were bound by- ' the rules of the Company to pay nearly 300 , 000 ? . within a given time , paid little more than 100 , 000 / ., while Mr . O'Connor had embarked every farthing of his own money in the Land Plan . Let us ask Sidney , under those circumstances , whether Mr . O'Connor or the defaulting members violated the contract ?
We cannot refrain from reprinting the following passage , as illustrative of the Stability and the consistency of the former eulogist of the Land Plan . Here it is : — Their inability to live on the produce of the land , even though they paid nothing for it , shows how entirely illusory was every calculation on which the system was professedly founded . The fund which was to ensure its continued existence cannot be obtained—the men who wereto furnish it are ruined—and the whole attempt endsin thpamassing in the hamls of the projector , of a largo quantity of land which cannot be profitably worked in the wav oricinullv proposed . . ¦ b J
Now , reader , what say you to that ? The men who have received two , three , and four acres of the best description of Land , with a house in the centre of each allotment—Land cultivated , and money at the rato of ft . 10 s . an acre paid as aid money—and no rent yet demanded—and all paupers , booked up , uuable to live , and juggled by Mr . O'Connor during two years of such a depression in their trade , as would have driven nine tenths of them to the workhouse , and not a few to the grave . Contrast this fact with the position of the "Gravel pit man , " paying high rent for a pond
and a gravel pit—scraping enough to buy a pony (—turning it into a prime horse—havin g furniture and utensils , and i 00 l , of capital saved in twelve years from Land and water . Must not this angler have now and then hooked a golden fish ? Parties connected with the Commissariat department , upon being asked how they realized such fortunes during the Peninsular war . replied : — "That if they threw a lump of wood into the water at night , it would come out gold in the morning . " But another contrast is furnished by the Cobden-Sciiolefield FREEDOM FOR THE
MILLION PLAN > " IT IS NOW ASCERTAINED BY PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE , THAT A MAN CAN SUPPORT HIMSELF , WIFE , AND FAMILY , UPON THE PRODUCE OF TWO ACRES OF LAND COSTING ELEVEN POUNDS AN ACRE , AND PAY RENT AT THE RATE OF THIRTEEN AND A HALF PER CENT . " Upon the other hand , it has now been discovered by the practical agriculturist Sidney Smith , that a man , his wifo and family , must go the workhouse or starve upon
four acres of land , costing 321 . 7 s . Grf . an acre upon the average ; cropped , roads made house built , 301 . aid money , and in numerous cases , 20 / . extra loan money , and no rent demanded forftwo years , in consequence of the potato failure . Now what will the practical agriculturist Sidney , say to . such a contrast ? and would the propaunders of the . FREEDOM FOT ? THE MILLIONS Plan remit a year ' s rent or a day ' s rent if all the crops failed , and the land become sterile . \ * -
In talking of the money , the writer who undertakes to criticize Mr . O'Connor ' s leo-al knowledge , says : •— . Whether that money was raised by subscription or enmo from Ins own pocket , is a matter with which the conwl ancerdd not trouble himself , and whicl on flfc faceof the deeds transferring , the property is , in all i rob-bUity not even mcidently mentioned . i » uuaumty , Now what will the reader think of a lawver recemng payment for an estate , asking the purchaser : •< Pray , sir , how did you come by ns money ? That sovereign smells awkward that 6 . note looks rather suspicious , neither bear she stamp of virtuous traffic ?" Sidney concludes his effusion thus — ff Ssa ^ ssiH't eschew quack medicines for social illsi nml , i ft to keep clear of" lotteries" of every sort nn . ' ? ovc a l lj to we read it , is the moral to be drawn ! «™ £ «>* - « " * , as the history of the O'Connor LaudI si £ P e m ° " If an > danger is to result frem the Land Sdjeme j ihe "Dispatch" may bo chanjeablo with all the cpntulgencies , aS that pa" £ W more enthusiasticall y recommended the &cheme-if faithfull y carried out- hi Mr O Connor or the « Northern Star " PnSr ? T' T ! f Criticised the Practical agri - iiiftp
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MORE PARSON PLUNDE R ^ " Having shown , by evidence drawn frOm ~ variety of sources , that the annual income of the Established Church , derived from tith alone , cannot be less than six millions sterlingwe now proceed to examine the other portion of its revenues . The next item is the incomes derived from estates belonging to spiritual dignitaries and ecclesiastical corporations , generally termed episcopal and capitular estates . The 1 , * were originally bestowed under the notion that heaven could be propitiated through these do-,
nations and the intervention of tho priest——that the sacrifice of property here would secure the soul ' s safety hereafter . The value of these estates was entirely unknown until Henry VIII . appointed a commission of inquiry into the ecclesiastical revenues , upon which he founded his scheme for the creation of new bishoprics . In accordance with that scheme a new diocesan distribution took place and the value of episcopal estates in the various sees was determined . The mere fact of such an inquiry and redistribution having ; taken place by the authority , and under the auspices of the State , is sufficient proof that
those estates must be looked upon as public property . They were , in fact , confiscated from the time of the abolition of the Ro mish Church , and their ownership vested in the State , which exercised uncontrolled power in their disposal . In the subsequent administration of ecclesiastical affairs this was partially lost sight of , and returns of the periodical increase of the value of these estates were not insisted upon as they ought to have been . With tho usual policy of tho parsons , wherever their interests ' can be promoted b y it , they have shrouded'the subject iu darkness ;
and hence the Liber JRegis—or record of Henhy VIII . —is still the only authorised account of the value of monastic , episcopal , and cathedral property . Of course , the value of that property has enormousl y increased since that time ; and if we could precisely ascertain the amount of that increase , this portion oi the Church revenue would then be seen in its full dimensions , spite of subterfuge or fraud . Its rate of advance has been variousl y stated ! The returns of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for 1831 , gave an increase of onl y sevenfold from the time of the Reformation , which
contrasts marvellousl y with the four-fold in . crease of the value of tithes in tho four year * from 1834 to 1838 . The net aggregate ' income from this source , according to these returns , was 435 , 049 / . But the incomes of many of the dignitaries were known to bo considerably larger than such a rate of increaso would account for ; and several bishops , w hen negotiating for large Parliamentary loanswhich could only be obtained on condition of the episcopal estates being equal to their repayment within a specified period—acknowledged themselves to bo in receipt of incomes
which proved these estates to have increased in value from twelve to fourteen-fold . The general calculation is , that property has increased more than twenty-fold in value durinw the last three centuries ; and as the Church property can only bo leased for short periods , and is , therefore , constantly in the market , it may be fairly assumed that it has at least advanced in valuo as largely as any other kind of property . This assumption is borne out by the following extract from Mr . Hoj : sman ' s speech on temporalities and church leases August 2 nd , 1848 : —
1 believe few people have any idea of the value of tho episcopal and capitular estates . Xu return of tlu-m h » s cror been made , nor is it likely to be , unless the eovcn - nicnt institute that inquiry for which I am nowiisViii- rciil < m winch Parliament lias u right to insist . It u i ; nuwn however , that these estates are immense , and that a wy small portion of their rental comes into the cofiers .. f ire Uuiych . They are leased on a system which nialtvs tV . e lite interest of the bishop or chapter , for the time b .-iir rt variance with the permanent interests of the Church ' . M compels them to impoverish their successors in urdtr tu sustain tlii-iiiselves . I will not further describe the < v < tci but will show you its results . When the committee on Unirclt leases was sitting in l&U , it attempted to cei « . return ot the actual value of these leased estates , from some ot the prelates and dignitaries they did receive them —others indignantl y refused any information . Hut those tliat did return them were suliicicnt to establish the whefc The present Archbishop of Canterbury , then Bishop of Chester , returned his income at .. £ . 5 9 , 1 ] Iiut the rental of his leased estate was ]<; : > , ;
Difference £ l- \" .. ' ci 5 The late Archbishop Rave his income at -J-2 , - _ 'it ; Rental Si ' i . i'iti *~ Difference £ 3 < i . i :- > 0 The late Archbishop of York , income i ::, ; y ( he U ;* , w and m a recent publication put forth bv th ' im , the "re-s value ot these estates is calculated at 3 &i « 00 0001 °
It is true that the returns of the Bishops would make the amount much less , but we have alread y seen what they are worth . By a collation of the returns made successively during the last twenty years , it has been found that there has been a deliberate undor-statcmentofthorevenuo of those dioceses the i-icomesofwhich weretobc curtailed , in onto to provide more liberall y for poorer Sees . When tho late Archbishop of Caxtkubviiy wanted permission from Parliament to l . onwv
money for the repairs , enlargement , and decoration of lus Palaces , his average income was stated by Dr . Lushing rox , his abvocato , to bo at least 32 , 000 / . ¦ but when he was r .-quired to turnish returns tho following year , for the augmentation of the income of poorer Sees , it then dropped down to 10 , 000 , ' . ! The bishop of London has played the same game , and returned his income a ? being onl y 12 , 204 ? . Since then a magnificent new . city has been built on tho Metropolitan Estate , bounded by tho E . toware Hoad on the one side , and the UxbriJcc ixoad on the other : vet this wnvt . W nui , 7 , ii
still . returns his income at J 2 . 000 / . ' ¦ Hone't man ! he derives ho benefit from the streets oi ' palaces that have been erected on his eround ' The owners of these buildings are squatters who have taken possession without paving anything to him at all events ! ' < Jn , r b liSt ? P *«» Pd returns show similar discrepancies , and arc onl y valuaaWe as proving ftio uttcv unserupulousucss oi £ fet ^^ tofl » k ™*
statement , thattlie income of the Church from this source , is at least a million and a half annuall y . The twent y-seven Bishops receive abouti one-third of this large sum . The remarnder being swallowed by the rotten boroughs of the Church-thosc snug spiritual corporations which afford so * '„ d tlnngs" to their members . S JNot content with the revenues derived from those two sources , tho Clergy have invented new claims upon the community , of a permanent character . In Scriptural language , they I ? , * the a « o daughters of the ° horse
fees \ nI TV * 5 aive ! Give ! Sm-plh * P ^ e ^ to tt V f eili " TO ° W of , b il , 9 lerSy on thc occasions tio . S i nigS > AV ? d < iings ' funei < ^ and oblavolnnt ! tlle ™' ious Rivals . Thev were SSS ° ffenUgS < But ihc ? ™ sowl exacted as a right , and enforced by civil «™«> nt y . Tins practice was condemned by vdiious opoumenical councils as Simony ; and the English establishment is the only Protestant church which has persisted in these exactions , a curious instance of the way in inch those voluntary gifts we manufactured mtohxed exactions , may be mentioned . In o « uy tunes burial-fees were strictl y ' prohi-
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glorious uncertainty of the law deny that protection to the poor which it never refuses upon a quibble to the rich , Parliament is bound , by the unanimous report of tho C ommittee , cither to legalise it by special Act of Parliament , or to grant Mr . O'Connor powers to wind up ; and in such an event every subscriber w ould receive back twenty shillings for every pound he paid , and perhaps more ; while , if Mr . O'Connoh died to-morrow , the property is all vested in honourable , upright Trustees , to be applied to the solo and only benefit of the members . We wonder whether Sidney Smith and his
associates would have invested their own money m such a project , and would have observed such good faith with those who had reposed confidence in them ? Poor Buadsiiaw , who looks like death ' s head upon a broomstick , and is out of sorts with a turnip becauso it looks loss like a ghost —endeavoured to criticise the Land Plun some few weeks ago ; and amongst other strictures , makes Mr . O'CoKNoitsay , "That the stamps for the registration of the Company cost 350 Z ., " whereas , Mr . O'Connor said no such thing ; what ho said was , "That they cost from COOL to 800 f .: " so poor BiUBSimv must have another " FLY SHEET . "
The "Dispatch , " the " Chronicle , " and all other papers omit to announce the fact to the public , that the New Land Plan is duly Enrolled under Act of Parliament , upon tho very same principle as Building Societies , and that the officers and trustees have been legally appointed . But let us conclude with the assurance , that , however thc law may oppose—the press may revile— or the most fortunate may attempt to damage the Land Plan—that it is , nevertheless , Mr . 6 'Connoii ' s fixed resolution
to go on , in spite of all opposition ; not juggling , but benefitting the working classes , until he releases them from the slavish bondage in which the press , more than any other power , holds them . As a newspaper proprietor , Mr . O'Connor has devoted every fraction of his money to the support of the Charter and the Land . The Charter as the political means , and the Land as the social end , to make himself , and those for whom he struggles , independent of faction , class and party .
We have frequently shown the dinerenco between the profit—both individual and national—created by tho free labourer , as compared with the profits of the feudal serf , universally and nationally ; and in confirmation of our opinion , we cannot offer stronger proof than is contained in the following passage , extracted from an able article which appears iu tl \ e "NotW oHastweek : — Look to the Republics of Italy ; how Venice crew up from
the slime of the Adriatic—how Milan battled against Uarbarossa until razed to the earth—how gorgeous wares and rare manufactures spread the fiuno of the Italian artizan over Europe—how the sea floated more ships into Venice , l'isn , and Genoa , than into all the other harbours of the world—how the nfrriculture of the Lombard and the Tuscan farmer was so skilful , that , to this day , the land once cultivated bj the hands ot freemen , is easily distinguish able from the waste or half-tilled possessions of the feudal lord .
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ANOTHER CHARTIST MARTYR , Alexander Sharp has followed Joseph Williams to an untimely grave . The feeling of indignation aud horror caused b y the death of the first victim had not time to subside , before a second fell a sacrifice to the same detestable and cruel system of prison discipline . In the case of Mr . Sharp , however , it appears that the illness which followed his being placed
in solitary confinement , and fed upon bread and water , did not follow tha t treatment so rapidly . A longer time elapsed before the mischief done to him showed itself , -which can only be accounted for by the fact stated at the inquest , that Mr . Siuitrwas " aremarkabl y healthy man . " But no constitution , however strong or powerful , is able to bear up against such inhuman treatment , at a time when a fearful pestilence poisons the air , and slays the inhabitants of London by thousands .
It is a fact admitted by all medical menwhatever may be their differences upon other subjects—that one of the most powerful predisposing causes of Cholera is insufficient or innutritious diet , and ono of the professional witnesses at tho inquest upon Mr . Sharp , stated , that he would not keep a person confined , even in a parlour , upon , a bread and water diet , at such a time . In this case , however , the usual appearances of true Asiatic Cholera were present , and the Jury returned a simple verdict of death from that disease
though there can be no doubt that confinement and low diet were the primary causes of the attack which hurried the victim to a premature grave . ¦ We are happy to perceive that the party headed by Sir Joshua Walmsley has taken up these cases of deliberate homicide . At a meeting of the Council of the Parliamentaiy and Financial Reform Association , hold on Wednesday night , it was stated that they had memorialised the Home Office on the subject , and that it was hoped good would result from
the remonstrance . It was further stated , that there were in the House of Commons , even now , eighty Members , with Mr . Hume at their head , who were determined to institute a most searching investigation in Parliament . Tho blood of our murdered brethren will not , therefore , be allowed to cry from the ground in vain With reference to the extreme stretch of power assumed by the Justices of tho Peace iu prescribing labour to misd emeanants and tot class prisoners , we see that Captain Williams adduced the 38 th section of th t 4
e Ac , George IV ., as a justification a £ , 1 authorities . That section undoubtedly empowers the Justices to set tho prisoners to any labour , " not severe by which they may earn their own maintenance . Even this , however ought to be acted upon with caution in the case of first class prisoners , because it is ciear t \ vd the sentence of the Superior Court simply implies depnvationof libert y . Lithe case of Mr SiURP-as hithat of Mr . WiLLiAMS-bowcver i ! quired to performin
^^^ r ° , accordance with the rules laid down by these sapient justices , was not only " severe " but was absolutel y the hind of labour which ' is assigned to" the criminal class , who are specificall y sentenced to hard labour by the Superior Courts . If earning his own maintenance , according to tho extent and letter of the section referred to , was all that w as required from Joseph Williams , why was he not employed m Ins own trade , as a baker for thc prison ? But the fact is , that such an ' addition in itself , altogether unw arranted and ext ,,,. wi ;
> ai f JNo inferior authorities ought to & « io power of adding to the sentence Cl \\ y Sprrrt OnanyPemnbya ^ oin an $ J ^ JS&R& S ^» 5 » f 5 made last week apply to both . Wn Jll wi
n pleasure that the Chartists of the Motro polls intend to honour the remains of Tht additional martyr to the cause of pSctl f c ST Wlth a ? ublic funeral , on Sunday n xX The procession will start from Golden- hS Barbican , at two o ' clock and will « ' , ^ ie- ^? - ^ : y . We ' lSS
^ aoubt that there will , ou this occa m . another display of respectfor tile Sd ^ A attachment to the cause in which he AU equal to that which marked the funeral of Mr ' Williams last Sunday ; and wp wt * i * the Widows and Oi ^ hans ' who ° ££ £ bereaved by the oppressor of their LS protectors , will receive substantial proo | t sympathy with their sufferings ^ ndihoi dopHvationB . ¦ & l
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R . H . F ., Castle Eden . —The charge would be is . 6 d . for each insertion . Mr . E . Brown , Camelford , Cornwall . —Tho postage of the Reoteto will be 4 d . Mr . H . Pjoirott , Mitcham-green . —Received . J . S . N . —Seven shillings and eleven pence . J . Lesson , Preston ; W . Telkis , Sutton-in-Ashfield ; R . Brook , Huddersfield ¦ W . Wilson ; W . Davies , Edinburgh . —Received . Leicester Chartists . —George White has received 10 s . from the Leicester Chartists , through Messrs . Francis Kirk and Charles Bentley , for which he returns thanks to the subscribers . — [ This communication was received on Saturday last—too late for insertion in our country edition . One shilling ' s worth of stamps came to hand , which we acluwileogetV last-weelti as desired , for the Hungarian refugees , but we are not in receipt of anything for the Italian exiles . —Ed . N . S . ]
€O Tsoittmonmnw.
€ o tsoiTtmonMnw .
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: TO BE SOLD , AT MINSTER LOTEL , A FOUR ACRE ALLOTMENT , fX exceedingly well cropped ; together with stock and implements , including one sow with twelve young ones , : five weeks ' old , and a fine young sow ninemonth 3 old ; also an ass and cart , and a great variety of tools , 4 c ; there are ¦ also many additions to the house and premises . The quality of the land is the very best on tin Estate , peing turned up from rich meadow land , and bearing most luxuriant crops . ' For tsrms , apply to J . Gilbert , 3 * . Brizenorton-road , Uiarterville , Witney , Oxford ; if by letter , prepaid , enclos' ing a stamp for reply ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 22, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1540/page/4/
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