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FRANCE . ( From the 'Morning Chronicle . ' ) Paris , Saturday . —For the last two day s imours havs been afloat here that arrangements ave \ , tca made between the French government 3 d that of the Pope , which will lead to the most npsrtantrresults as regards the settlement of the ' arson affairs . It was stated that it had been Jttled between the two governments , that the rer-ch army was to retire from Rome with the conent of ii-. ith governments , and that that capital was o be occupied by the Spanish army at the present aoEQsnt in Italy . I am enabled to state thst the nmour is perfectly correct , and that orders have
teen already despatched for the immediate return oFra :: c ^ of the French army under the command if General Roatolan . The French government , it appears , despair of ibtaining any farther cancessions from his Holiness is Ions as Rome remains in their exclusive possesion . The Pope has all along declared that he will tot return to his capital as long as it remains in the sossession of the French , and that he will enter into 10 terms with his suhjects hefore entering , and that ie is iMsraiined , if not able to return ss a free and indc ; -t >! -. ilant Sovereign , not to do so at all . To this resnh : uoii . backed as it is by the College of Cardi * iais he continues to adhere , and the French
go-Fcni : r . e ; i' . therefore , has nothing for it but to take tdva ^ age of the recent manifesto and amnesty isiucii by his Holiness , which , though , published TCcly and of his own accord , they affect to consider t cwwssion made to them . The arnr . is therefore ; o 1 : 3 withdrawn , and it is announced that the ? rcr ,:: ! = government hopes , by diplomatic means , to ) bt % - ?> hereafter from ids Holiness a fuller and more joiET . i . cse amaesty than the one recently published . A Council of Ministers was held to-day » at which it v . 7 . 5 determined that immediately after the opening ) f tl : 2 Assembl y the government should demand a cre-U ; of thirty millions of francs towards the expenses » £ the Roman expedition . The object of the
mm . s * :-r > is to bring on a debate on the whole quesaa >! of the Italian expedition , with a view , if possible , dI obtaining a vote of the Assembly favouribis to the ministerial policy . It remains to beseenhow bis Holiness will get on «\ ii * ni . s subjects under the exclusive protection of hv S ; : ? nish troops . The belief here is that the Spssisrds will not bsable ( o maintain tranquillity in Some , and that we are on the eve of further troubles n that city . In that case , fresh intervention will K - ; > ecs < arv , and it is not at all impossible that the
liii- bcKkmeat of the Roman affairs will ultimately let ' ' ¦ '¦> % upon Austria . 1 : is ihought that the French army will have iva . ¦ a . t . ni Italy within the next moml ? , but it is j > r « - .-. iV : e that the dispositions of the National Assen .-V ; y win modify its movements . Th-i ascused of the 13 th of June , who are to appear orfore the High Court of Justice , yesterday received copies ot the documents which are to figure in T -hs proceedings ; but copies of the indictment caiir . ot he cotuuwnicated to them before to-morrow or - . kiidnv .
To 6 * itermWiqas says : — "We have just been in » foiBifid that onr friend Felix Pyat has written to one of ¦ < ' : - , eorrespondfrits at Paris , announcing his intention io surrender himself to appear on the 19 th of Of cber before the High Court of Justice at , Versaitfrs . ' 7 ' . ' . e ' National' publishes a letter from Brest w&ica slates that lbs war steamer Archimede is ly i : ; r s-t anchor in the roads , fully eqaiped for sea , to convey to Madagascar the parties accused of lmviag ]! 2 rticipaied in the insurrectionary movement O < June last .
braxiFicANT Facts . —The Democratic Assacfe-Vt'F I ;; P . <; is had announced a graud concert to take p ' - ~ >> : sJM Sunday at the Chalet ia the Champs E "; see ? , and a considerable number of tickets had bem distributed . The police authorities , however , co i'M'irei that Etich an assembly was dangerous to po- ' ltt < . ; a" -tj » Vthty , and the concert has been forbsdies . A certain axita-ion has been preeeptible for some
da ; v > back amongst ihe lowest ranks of the population . .-i : jp } icafions are made to the working classes to ask -Vir higher wages , though not with any success . Ssvera ! new revolutionary journals are io aopp « r on ; hs 1 st of October : on that day , also , it is said ih-v the secret societies are to meet in some of tL < ;" - ' . ' , b'Jurc 3 , ar < d that an attempt is to be made to sound it-, 5 workmen as to their dispositions for disorcsc . All tnis attempt will , however , prove a complete tYilure , as t ' oe authorities ami General Ciiangarnter are oh the alert . —Morning Chrovicle .
Vuc ' Ticev correspondent writes : — ' A dramatic puce eiilnled * Some" has bean presented at the tlioalre of the Pone St . Martin . The piece purpmies to be aa epitome of the even-s which have ti - . ' r : r ; n place in the ' Eternal City' antecedent to the foundation of the short-lived Republic , as the as-EE $ f : > iaiioii of M . Rossi forms a leading incident of tl ' . e pi ? :. There is no doubt that the rmscln ' efffisksrs of that tamnltngus qnarler of Paris profited by the circumstance to give expression to their re-ToiuJiflnary tenri ? ncic 8 ; and the feeling was carried to jBch a point that , ¦ whenever the assassin of the m-ioiinrntxs Minister of Pope Pius IX . made his appr . jnv . ce be was received with , uproarious applause by ; : ponton of the « r . ob who crowded the galleries . Jj . v « y oi the most rrspectah ' e portion of the audience , however , quilted the theatre , apparently in d ::. ? us ! .
" ' Bai if . the murderer was received with applause , the arreush suldiers who appear in the piece were irorcrUMy greeted with hisse 3 and homings ; and in tie httcr part of the melo-draraa ibs Chant da jD&mH . fisd other revolutionary airs , were got up , at » r' ehr-Mcd by a full chorus in the gallery . Beyond , hcMwer . making much naise , no act of violence was cf' «! Miu' « i . It is conaderfi probable that the pkes 5-ilil ); withdrawn from representation . '
I : ' : i ; i . « -3 from Aaen state that the ConnciUGeEeral of t-ce Lot asd Gan = nne , which had been summoned to hr > M . ia extraordinary session , has been unable to tr * :: inc f any business in consequence of the DemocrsJie li . embers having wilfully absented themselves , U'A •; = » £ prevented a sufficient namber of members fl > ' ? H ; i £ i « K present to legalise tbeir proceedings . A \ u- 'K democratic journal is about to be published in Pans mider the direction of M . Flocop . It will br ^' . ifci the' Revolution of 1848 /
i- 'h-. uax Refugees . —A letter from Bours , in th 5 diriment of ibeAin , states that teveral German » . ; s , sss have passed through that town on their road to lkv : e . Amongst them was Colonel Bleinker , wro eocimanded a numerous body of insurgents in tl ; 2 Orabd Dachy of Baden . He was accompanied by Keirzeiutheastau ^ aiyl asuig" dragoon . The se refugees iravel at tteir own expense , and appear to lie wd ! : up ] : l : ed with money . "We 3 ad the folioiving additional particulars con-Cf niu ^ th 3 magnificent manifestation at the Theatre of ihe Perle St . Martin , in the 'Dail y News' oi Uv- ' iais'Jas : —
5 t . t ; grand snectacieentnled 'Same was first given 0 ' , Si : ; r < lay evening . Bis Holiness the Pope is the p uu :: ; . - . l p ? rsonag *! , ; and is first seen as a soldier , n < xt aa Bishop of Inaola , afterwards as cardinal , and fit :.: i ' . y is Pape . T ^ e name of the piece was of course suftccsii . * e attract crowds , and the theatre was C 5 V- <} n : ^ d to excess in every part , immcdiaily on the oi ^ n ; " ^ of the dcors . Before t « e tisir . g of tbe ctiiiain ihe blomes ' m the gallery amused themselves by sv . 'g ng tuc * Matseillaise , ' 'Aiuarir pour la PfiUie , ' aud ttber patriotic airs . The fust three acts p sj-sbd ff quitly c-nougb , ' both Houses and arhlos lo .-aly appliinding , In the founh act the Pope is rc ;; 'V-.-r . eut 3 d ss making liberal concessions and
grantti !>; T £ ctnsthaiion to his people ; hut instead of m--cl ! i- » with their gra'i ; ude , the people rise in rorok . His Holir . ess goes araongthem , and says : 1 J . is f oreigners who havecansed you tcdo ^ this . ' A ~ -tUc word for ^ grseTs , ' an uproar of tbe mnst tetiific ttestription arose . Shouts , yells , hisses , ' cstsi ;; - , stamping , snatches of the ' Marseillaise , ' trUh cries of Vive la Republiqae Romaine , ' Vive les liomains / blended in hideous confusion , and liierally made the roc-f shake . The occupants of the boxes , aud the orchestra valiantly made head against this demanstralKin by heartily applauding , but the ilctvses decidedly bad the best of it . They occupied
tbs enlr acte by ^ booting en masse , again and again , snatches of revolutionary songs , and . especially the cb-jros , « Lea peuples sont toujours uos freres . ' Tte next act introduced the triumvirs , and represented fhu Attadc on Rome by the French . One of the triumvirs , intended for Mazzini , harangued away in pompous melo-draraatic style on the duly of defending the Vatican against the French , of dying for liberty , and natioaal independence , &c This drew down thunders of applause from the galleries , with disapprobation from the boxes and orchestra . The Houses singled out one gentleman in the boxes , who « C 3 rather noisy in his demonstrations , strongly insisted that he was M . de Falloui , and clamorously demanded that he should be put ' alapotte . ' A man in a red House , with his hair sad beard ar-
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ranged to represent the portraits of Garibaldi , nex appeared before the triumvirs . He was received . vith a perfect hurricane of deli ght by the galleries and pit , answered by hisses ane catcalls from the other parts of the audience . The uproar continued for some time , acd at length Mazzini and Garibaldi began to talk in a patriotic style , which gave rise to renewed plaudits , and marks of disapprobation , the former , however , greatly predomina ting . The last tahlau is the capture of Rome b y the French . It
was expected that the banging of cannon , the rattling of drums , the si ght of French troops at Rome , and the waving of the French flag from the Vatican wou ' . d have soothed the gods ; but not to be seduced from their sympathy with the Roman heroes , they made greater -uproar than ever . Rarely has a more frightful tumult been heard iu a theatre ; and seldom a ' row' sustained for so long a time . Finding it impossible to proceed ,, tbe performers fell back and the curtain fell . The tuiault now became if
possible greater than before . The stage manager at last presented himself , and , after waiting for some time until silence was partially restored , said' Gentlemen ! ' 'No ! no ! ' shouted the blouses ; 1 Say Citizens ! Citizens ! ' and the nproar appeared to increase in violence . The unfortunate manager waited some time in patient resignation , but in vain — the tumult continued . He then made some observations , but not a word could be heard . When he withdrew ihe Mouse ? raised a fearful sbout of Vive la Republique ! ' and ' Nous sommes freres ' . ' apparently well satisfied with their night ' s exploit , and then retired . In the course of
the evening several of the more boisterou 3 of the gods were dragged to tbe station-house by the police , and altogether the ' row' was perfect of its kind-so perfect as entirel y to usurp the interest that might otherwise have been bestowed upon the piece , which was entirely lost si ght of by the belligerents on both , sides-On Monday the piece was again played , two of the scenes being left out , namely , that of the triumvirs and Garibaldi , and that of the assault by the French , but the democrats made as great a row as ever , and applauded a outranee all tbe passages in their sense which abound in the piece . It was amusing to hear the remarks of some of the conservatives among the audience , who talked of no less than the impeachment of M . Dufaure for daring to allow such a piece to be performed at all . TUe press of course are divided into two camps on the point .
The Abbe Lamennais . —The Reforme' annonnces as follows the appointment of M . de Lamenn « s as its chief editor : — Our friend Rebeyrolies has been obli ged to exile himself in order to avoid the prosecution of the royalists whom he had so energetically cotnbatted He has gone away , but in the forei gn land he will not be wanting to the' Reforme , ' and will not cease to afford it his co-operation . We have addressed
ourselves to the most illustrious writer of democracy ; we have made an appeal to his devoiedness , to the sacred cause of which he is the glorious apostle . M . Laicennais has understood what the people expected of him ; he has torn himself from repose ; with the z--al which has never shrunk before sacrifices , he has ceded to our solicitations , and we are happy to announce to our readers that from this day M . Laraeunais has become principal editor of the'Reforme ' . '
OPENING OF THE 1 EGISLATIVK ASSEMBLY . Paris , Monday . —There has been no excitement whatever , to-day at the meeting of the Chamber . here were very few more people about the house than usual ; although a few blouses were seen around and alon * the quays , they were not allowed to loiter . The democrat members were in full force on their benches , hut the Chamber was by no means full , only 490 members being present . As I informed you would be the case , tbe government immediately demanded the necessary credits for tbe payment of the Roman expedition , and it is supposed that they will be voted by considerable rcajorities . The conviction is gaining that M . Dufaure will keep his portfolio . After the members present had been called over by a scrutin de division , M . da Tocqueville ascended the tribune , and announced
his intention of proposing the credits above mentioned . He saia that the moment bad not arrived when the French troops could be removed from Rome , but that tbe present state of negotiations gave well-founded hopes that the occupation would not be prolonged . He begged to present a project of law for a credit of 140 , 000 f . for supplementary expenses arising out of the Roman expedition . He asked further , that a committee be chosen to which this project of law should b 3 snbmitted . This was granted . The minister of war then presented a project to tbe same effect , demanding a credit of 6 , 817 , 000 fr . ; and the minister of marine a project also to the same effect , demanding a credit of 1 . 945 , 000 fr . The money thus demanded for the expenses of the expedition amounts to soite £ 350 , 000 in addition tj £ 50 , 000 previonsly voted . The projscts of Jaw were all submitted to the same
committee . The minister of finance then presented another project of the law , moving for the payment of the pension allowed in 1842 as dowry to tbe Duchess of Orleans . After some other formalities of uo interest at present , the Chamber adjourned before five o ' clock . Much anxiety exists in Paris as to the conduct of Russia in the affair of the extradition o £ the Hungarian refugees at \ Tiddin . This caused another fall at the Bourse to-dav .
SWITZERLAND . A letter from Geneva states that a duel has taken place near Lausanne , between Sergeant Boichot , the Socialist representative for Paris , and a Spanish officer of the Regiment of Isabella Segunda . It appears , that whilst on board a steamboat between Nyon and Lausanne , Sergeant Boicbot spoke in disrespectful terms of the young Queen of Spain and Donna Maria of Portugal . Count Moreno , of the above mentioned regiment , contradicted in strong terms what was staled b y Boichot . TJ 15 latter repeated what he had said , and added , I hops that the Spaniards will some day prostrate themselves before Lola Monies aud choose her for Queen . ' The
Count instantly demanded satisfaction for this language . A meeting was arranged for the same evening in the wood of Greni , on the brink of the lake . The Count was attended by an officer of Dragoons , and a colonel in the service of the King of Wurtemberg . Sergeant Boichot had as seconds M . Felix Pyat and Dr . Perrin , of Monttoul . They fought with pistols at a distance of twenty pace ? . No injury was done at the first shots . On the second fire the Count was severel y wounded in the shoulder and neck , and at the same moment Sergeant Boicbot received a ball between the ribs of the left side . He was so severely wounded that it became necetsaiy to carry him from the ground on a mattress .
ITALY . MANIFESTO OF THE POPE . POPB PIUS IX . 10 HIS WELL-BElOVED SUBJECTS . Scarcely bad the valiant armies of the Catholic Powers , who with a true filial devotedness have cooperated in the re-establishment of our liberty and of our independence in tbe temporal government of the States of the Holy See , delivered you from that tyranny which oppressed you in a thousand ways , than we not ouly addressed hynins of gratitude to the Almighty , but we at the same time hastened to send to Rome a governmental commission in the person of three considerable prelates . They were charged to resume in our name the reins of civil jrovernment
and to advise on the measures which wire called for by cirenmstances for the interest of order , security , and public tranquillity . We are occupied in estab lishiug the bases of institutions calculated to secure to you , our well-beloved subjects , suitable liberties , and at the same time to secure our independence , which we are obliged to preserve intact in the face of tbe universe . This measure has for object tosatisfv those who have merited our kindness andouresteua " , and to undeceive those unfortunate misguided men who had taken advanb ge of our concessions to overthrow social order . 'J 0 convince every one that we have only at heart your true and permanent prosperity , we have of our accord , and with the full knowledge and plentitude of our authority , decreed as follows : — 1
Art 1 . There is instituted at Rome a Council of State . It shall give i ( S advice on bills before they arc submitted to the sovereign sanction . It shall examine all important questions in each branch of the public administration , on which it shall be consulted by us or byour Ministers . A special law shall determine the number and the quality of the couricillerst ( 1 their duties , their prerogatives , the rule of their discussions , and all that may be connected with the regular working of so important a concession . Art . 2 . A State Consulta shall be instituted foij the finances . It shail give its opinion on the budget
of the State ; it shall examine iuto the expenses ; it shall advise on the establishment of new taxes , and on tbe reduction of existing ones ; on the best mode of assessment , on the most advisable means to be adopted for the re-establishment of commerce , and on all which concerns the interests of the public Treasury . The members of the Consulta shall be chosen by us from lists presented by the provincial councils , Their nunber shall be proportioned to that of the provinces , which number may be increased by a determinate addition of persons which we shall reserve to us the right name . A special law shall
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¦— determine the mode of presentation of the members of the Consulta , their requisite qualifications , the mode of managing the affairs of the finances , and all which may effectually and promtl ? contribute to the reorganization of that important branch of the public service . Art . 3 . The institution of the provincial councils is confirmed . Hie councillors shall be chosen by us from lists presented by the communal councils . The provincial councillors shall discuss tbe local interests of the province , the expenses to be laid to its charge , the accounts of receipts aud expenses of the interior
administration : that administration shall be directed by an administrative commission chosen by each protincial council , and for which , it shall be responsible . Some of the members of the provincial council shall be chosen to form part of the council of the chief town of the province , to assist in the functions which fall on the municipalities . A special law shall determine the 1 mode of presentation , the qualifications and the number of the councillors for each province , their duties , and , the relations which are to exist between the provincial administrations and the great interests of the Mate , and the limit to which the latter is to extend .
, M' representations and the municipal administrations will enjoy the most extensive franchises as far as regards the local interests of the JETit 1 v l ection of the municipal councillors shall bebased on a large number of electors , P y - ¥ vlnS r Sard to property . Those elected besides such qualification Nvhich are intrinsically necessary must be in the payment of a certain amount of taxes which shall be determined oy a law rhe chiefs of communes shall be named 0 ) us , and their deputies by the governors of the province from a triple list presented by the communal council . A special law shall determine the qualifications and the number of the communal
councillors , the modo of election , the number of members of the municipal administrations ; and shall rogulato the duties thereof , making them consistent with the interests of the province ! Art . 5 . Reforms and ameliorations shall also extend themselves to judicial order , as well as to tno civil , criminal , and administrative legislation , ^ commission shall be named to occupy themselves with this important object . _ ' Art . 6 . Finally , being always led by the inclination of our paternal heart towards indulgence and pardon , we wish on this occasion to perform an act of clemency towards the misguided men who were impelled to felony and to revolt , by the seductions .
ttie incertitude , and perhaps by the inertness of others . We must have present to our mind , in this circumstance , what is called for by justice , ihe rights of others oppressed ov destroyed , the duty which is imcumbent on us to protect you against the return of the misfortunes which have overwhelmed you , by the obli gation to remove you from the pernicious influences of the corruptevs of all morality , and from the enemies of the Catholic religion—that eternal source of all happiness of all social prosperitywhich has caused your glory , and which distinguishes you as an elect family of God . and favoured with his especial gifts . With these feelings we will that there shall be published , in ow .-name an amnesty for the penalties incurred by all those who . within limits which shall be determined , shall not be excluded from this benefit . Such arc the
disnositions which for . your welfare we have thought it our duty to publish before God . At the samo time that they are compatible with the dutie 3 of our apostolic functions , we have the firm conviction that they may , if faithfully executed , produce the happy result which is desired by enlightened and honest men . I have for gurantee the just sentiment of each of you , whoso heart sighs for happiness in proportion to the trials undergone , lint , above all things , let us put our confidence in God , who , even iu the midst of a just anger , never forgets his mercy . ' Done at Naples , in the Faubourg of Portici , the 12 th of September , 1819 , ami in the fourth year of our Pontificate . ' Pius P . P . IX . ' With the mom propvio of his Holiness has been published the following notification : — " government commission .
' ¦ Ills Holiness our Lord the Pope , having regard to the circumstances which extenuate in a certain number of his well-beloved subjects the culpability of their participation in the political troubles which have recently afflicted the Pontificial States , desiring to show more and more the truly pateninl kindness of his heart , and using his full power in favour of misguided men , rather seduced than seducers , has ordered us to make known in his august name what he has deigned to decree in consequence of Art . 6 of his sovereign mitto proprio of . the 12 th of this month . We , therefore , in conformity to the venerable command of his Holiness , hasten to publish the following dispositions according to the terms of
, the sovereign idea expressed to us : —To those who have taken part in the last revolution in the Pontificial States is granted the pardon of the penalty to which they shall be liable for the political offences for which they shall be responsible . The members of the Provisional Government , the members of the Constituent Assembly who have taken part in the deliberations of that Assembly , the members of the Triumvirate and of the government of the Republic , the chiefs of the military corps , all those who have already on a former occasion enjoyed the benefit of tbe amnesty granted by his Holiness have forfeited
their word of honour in joining in the late political movements ; in fine , those who , in addition to political offences , have rendered themselves guilty of other crimes provided against by the laws now in force , arc excluded from the benefits of this amnesty . The present amnesty does not imply the maintenance in the employment of the government , or in provincial or municipal posts , of those who have rendered themselves unworthy of them by their conduct during the late events . The same reservation is applicable to the * military and amploues of all arms .
"Given at our residence at the Quirinal this 18 th September . "Delia Genoa Sarmatei . Vannicklu Casoki . Aliikki . " ROME , Sep t . 19 . —After Generals Bedeau , Mag . nan , Guesviliiers , Saavap , and a host of others , having been mentioned as positive successors to General Rostolan , the question appears to be now definitively settled b y the arrival of General Randon at Civita Vecchia . The situation of commander-in-chief is certainly a very responsible one just now in Rome
and but little calculated ( unless the line of Freuch policy really changes as much as is hoped ) to bring honour upon the individual who holds it . The French officers themselves are indignant at the treatment their army has received from the restored government , and but little disposed to become the submissive instruments of ecclesiastical tyranny , but military discipline and the snpr . me decrees of cabinets are alike unanswerable , ' so that they content themselves with a shrug of resignation , and a mysterious remark , that it is une affaire tres complinuee ,
Ihe triumvirate of cardinals , meanwhile , continues its onward march in the releatless line of conduct laid down for its observation . A list of some two or three thousand persons has been drawn up , ami every effort is used to send them out of Home , as they are all those individual , whether Romans born , or inhabitants of the provincss , in any way remarkable for the part they have taken in the late movement , ur the opinions they have expressed concerning it . Many of these have received intimation from the police , in a private way , that they had better
quit the city , anH have bean presented with passports for the provinces , although on inquiring whether they should be free from further molestation in Romagna or La March , they received , the unsatisfactory reply that the authorities in Rome could not be answerable for the actions oi the Austrian commandsrs . Some individuals on the condemned list have absolutely refused to go , unless compelled to do so by force , or by a positive and puhlic edict . This step , has been considered either impracticable or injudicious , and is therefore , ( av U , e present suspended .
_ Mazzini s address to the Romans , dated August 5 , tilt ., calling on them to imitate ihe example of the Lombards in abstaining from French products has already appeared in . the English papers . The following appeal , which has been just secretlv printed and widely circulated , may serve as a frtth demonstration of the spirit that prevails throu ghout the country : — Citizens of the Roman PaoViKcte , —The cry of our brothers of Lomhard y and Rome lias been , Italians , abstain from French products ! Their deeds confirm the patriotic intention nor must we show ourselves inferior to them in resolu turn . Let manufactures , wines , and all freneh merchandise find no place in our shops . Let them be consumed by no one who feels a love for . his
country . The servile journals of tfee French liberticide government already deplore this blow to French interest , but seek , to overcome it by their usual sophisms . They , say that we cannot do without their manufactures , their cloths , their wines . False as usual ! Let us show them that the wine of our hills , i 8 more grateful than their adulterated liquors and that we spurn clothing prepared b y the a-sassins of our liberty . Thus we shall serve at once the cause of honour and the interests of Italian com merce-we shall encourage many ot our fellow " , citizens , ' impoverished b y the despotism of foreien manufactures . Not that , we intend to break off with the people of France , but her oSssor ! hinder us from maintaining friendly relaSs . £ victim can have nothing in common with he execu tioner , or with the servants of thP *« ™ Fath « s of t «^ , } i ^^ ST ^ peoplethatloveltaly ,, to ; you is entSed h ^
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——11—^^— 1 — ¦ 1——^—¦ - - — ¦ t fitment of the national plan . Although some few satellites of priestly tyranny may choose to accept French merchandise , God forbid that their example should be followed by anyone in whose heart lives a spark of noble indignation , and who feels that generous privations mature the fruit of our common liberty . When that springs up , then we will embrace all as brothers . Meanwhile courage and hope . Tbe justice of God will fulfil the justice of the people . ' ^
This language may be considered rather higliflowu , but I assure you that it finds a warm response in the hearts of the people ; aud , fis a proof , I may state that many shopkeepers have , to my certain knowledge , given up keeping French products , preferring the cloths of Spoleto ( although far inferior ) to those of Senan and Louviers , and encouraging the cabinetmakers and jewellers of Rome to imitate those articles of luxury for which Paris bears the vaunt . With regard to wines , an English friend of mine gave a dinner the other day , and not a Roman present would touch the champagne , as being antinational .
France will find that the bayonets of her soldiers in Rome have struck a severe blow at her own commerce ; and England , also , may regret , fwhen virtually shutout from all traffic with ( his peninsula , that a franker and more generous support of Italian nationality bad not entitled her to an eminent place in the gratitude of a rising paople . As it is , Austrian influence prevails in the ports of either sea . Austrian troops occupy Tuscany , Romagna , and La Marca , besides the imperial provinces all round the Adriatic coast . The free port of Venice is almost abolished , and in fact it is only in the Ionian isles that British products , destined for the Adriatic , can find a depot free from foreign influence . The continental powers well know that , to attack England , they have but to assail her commerce .
Private letters from Rome , dated the 21 st ult ., state that the irritation felt there in consequence of the Pope ' s manifesto was veiy great . They also mention that this feeling was participated by the French soldiers ' , several of whom were put under arrest for having torn down or otherwise defaced the copies of the manifesto affixed to the walls . The amnesty , in particular , was made the object of popular odium . The Italian journals are unanimous in their
opinion of the papsl edict and amnesty . Florence , Turin , and Genoa alike speak out in this sense , and consider the act as impolitic , and essentially con . trary to the interests of the popedoin . The most seriously religious men are those who are most alarmed At Rome the edict is treated in a way clearly showing what is the feeing of the popula r tion . The papal motu-proprio and amnesty have been posted up a second time , and again denied with mud , and in several places with blood .
The attitude of the French military authority is quite expectant . It awaits orders from Paris , but disapproves ' ffe facto the measures ordered by the papal government ; . and whilst the cardinal'dare not walk the streets of Rome for fear of encountering the popular fury , the victims rcarked out by their inquisitorial decrees walk about freely . The' Concordia of Turin , of the 27 th ult ., gives the following account of the persons excluded from , the paj . 'al amnesty : Members of the Provisional Government , 9 ; members of the Constituent Assembly , 200 ; triumvirs and ministers ( Mazzini escfpted , who is not a Roman ) , 12 ; commanders of different corps , 14 ; persons amnestied in 1846 , and especially excluded by the present amnesty , 0 , 000 j officials undtr prosecution , 4 , 000 ; the corps of gendarmes now dissolved , 3 , 000 j total , 13 , 235 .
PIEDMONT .-At the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies at Turin on tbe 25 lh ult ., the report of the commissions on the biU presented by tha Minister of Finance for authorising him to collect the taxes for the present year was read . The house then discussed a resolution proposed by the Minister of Finance for raising a loan of 75 . 000 , 000 of lives to pay the war contribution to Austria . After a stormy discussion the resolution was passed by a majority of 119 to 21 . A demand , made by ths Minister of finance for an additional sum of 21 , 000 , 000 for extraordinary services , was placed on the orders of tbe day for the 26 ih , and the Chamber adjourned .
SICILY . —The official journal of Catania of the 9 th ult . announces that serious disturbances had taken place at Nicosia and Graramichfile , two communes of the province of Catania , in consequer . o of the re-establishment of thft tax on flour , which had heen abolished by the Provisional Government . Several wealthy inhabitants bad fallen victims to tho popular fury . A military force was marched against the rioters , and order was restored .
SPAIN . Much sensation has been exnitetl in Madrid by a Carlist manifesto , published in the 'Esperaiiza'in French and Spanish , and ' in the name of fourteen millions of -Spaniards . ' The document , which , is directed to his Imperial Majesty the Emperov of all the Russias , begins by congratulating him on having saved the north from revolution ; ami begs him , now that his attention must be more free , to turn his eyes to the fourteen millions here , who since the
year 1830 , consider him as the beat ally of their sovereign , who has always expected his help . It calls on the Emperor to form a coalition with the northern powers , to put an end to the revolution in Fiance , and establish legitimacy there again , and to begin his work by taking possession of the keys of the Black Sea , in spite of England or Lord Palmerston . That by neglecting this opportunity , his Majesty rims a risk of seeing parliamentaiy government in St . Petersburg , that ha has the same ri ght to interfere in France as in Hungary .
GERMANY . Debates on the New Prussian Constitution . —The Berlin Chambers had been debating the oetroyed constitution . The revising committee of the Second Chamber proposed to restore the right of taxation to the people , b y omitting the first seven words of the 108 th article . On the 25 th ult ., this proposal was carried , against the opposition of Ministers , by 212 to 93 . On the same day , tbe First Chamber came to a resoIuliOD also modifying the octroyed document . Thereupon Mauteuffel , the Minister , made a declaration which was regarded as
a compromise on the point ; hut it was so ill received , that the majority against Ministers was expected to be greatly increased . On the 26 th , the Second Chamber to a great extent ended the work of ( he preceding day , by adopting an amendment to the effect that in case there should be any delay in bringing forward a new bud get in consequence of disagreement between the two Chambers , the taxes hitherto voted are to continue to be levied until an agreement is effected . The Crown may now make use of the First Chamber to defeat the control of the people ' s house .
HUNGARY AND AUSTRIA . The greatest discontent and immense excitement prevail in every village and over all the rural districts pi Hungary . The news of the capitulation of Comorn s not confirmed . Joseph Vou Rodnianslu , Bishop of Marbial has been sentenced by court martial to be deprived ef his bishopric ] : and is to be placed in close confinement for . yx years . The ex-Minister Tangis was carried in chains to the prison of Neugeband , where Baron Terenei President of the Board of Maynites , is also con linen .
M . Schwal , the principal . rabbi , of the Jewish community , has been sentenced to six years' close confinement , for haviug preached a political sermon . The Hebrew communes in Hungary are doing all they can to soften the hearts of their oppressors , and have sent delegates to intercede at the toot of ihe throne for a remission of the burdens laid upon them . As an instance of the exactions by which whole communities are made to suffer toe Arad xommunes that were mulcted by General Schhcif to the amount of 30 , 000 florins ( £ 3 000 } are obliged to pay 10 , 000 iu silver and 800 in mid ' in addition to which they are required to . provide a hundred thousand rounds of cartrid ges , within six Eft : ? 5 !^ ' " ^^ « ht days » for every day that
yields nothing a fine of 200 florins , by way of penalty . They are also expected to bring their share to the contributions laid upon the Banat sraelites , though Arad wM never fiS' ? £ ong , ng to the Banat There were 10 , 000 calfleather pouches , 10 , 000 infantry . ' cloak-, 10 000 Pai ur K Sh ° f' ? d 5 000 Palr of " half . bootB -all to be got ready within four months ; in equal rates , and for every delay a fine of 1 , 000 florins awardcQ . The demand for ball cartridges njusb particularl y annoying to a conquered people ! noris 1 easy to see the object of this singular reol . on , now that the Austrian army muft be SHJ far ammunition ; - and at a time when so micht said of reduction in the ar my - not to men « n « ?»! mp ^ « s ^ is—;
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HuBgary . His crimes' -have thus far been punished with insanity arid other horrors . He has his reward . ]/ ¦ ; ¦; ' ' , . A correspondent of the Daily News' writing from Vienna on the 26 th Hit . state that on tbe 23 rd ult . the war council sitting there had resolved to accede to the Magyars in Comorn , in so far as concerned the amnesty required by them , and the exchange of 200 , 000 Kossuth florin notes for the same amount in tangible gold and silver , whereupon the Magyar chiefs would leave Austria and emigrate . REPORTED SURRENDER OF COMORN . The ' Times' of Thursday , says-. —A postscript to our Vienna letter of the 28 th ult ., contains the announcement of the surrender of Comorn , and that hostilities had ceased .
The ' Cologne Gazette of yesterday has no news from Comoro ; but it affirms on the authority of Vienna letters of the 27 th ult ., that Kossuth and his companions were already safe on board a British man-of-war .
TURKEY , RUSSIA , AND AUSTRIA . PROBABILITY OF WAR ! ( From the ' Times . ' ) CONSTANTINOPLE , Sept . 12 .-I mentioned in my former letter that . an aide-de-camp of the Emperor Nicholas , tbe Prince Radzivil , bad arrived here from Warsaw . The day of his arriral he , in company with M . de Titoff , the Russian Minister , had an interview with the Grand Vizier . On the following day Prince Radzivil had an audience of the Sultan , to whom he delivered au autograph letter from the Emperor , containinjt a demand that the Polish refugees now in Turkey should be given np , and recommending that the Hungarian refugees should be abandoned to the Austrian . This letter is written in very strong
terms , and it is said that its tone has given great offence to the Sultan . The Czar insists that the Polish reftgees shall he given up to him , and the Hungarian refugees to theAustvians . He employs no argument in support of his demand , bathe says that if his wishes be not instantly complied with he will take hostile measures against Turkey . He requires a short and explicit answer—yes or no . The Polish and Hungarian refugees are at present at Widdin , and the Emperor says in his letter that the escape of a single one of these men from the place where they now are he will consider a cisus bella . The Grand council has met almost daily since the arrival of Prince Radzivil . M . de Ttteff and the Emperor ' s aide-de-camp complain of unnecessary delay , and the latter threatens to return to Warsaw
if a definitive answerbe not given to Czar ' s letter today . Two posts back I informed you that the Porte had refused to give up the Polish and Hungarian refugees at the demand of the Russian and Austrian represeutatives , and that tbe Sultan approved of the decision of his Ministers . The Sultan persisisin the resolution that he came , to at the time . and the Grand Vizitr , Mehemee Ali Pasha , the Seraskier , aud the Minister of For ' egin Affairs , are on the side of His Majesty : but the great majority as the council have ,
it appears , been alarmed b y the threatening tone of tbe . Czar ' s letter . The consequence is , that no official announcement of thedecision of the Grand Council has yet been made . The representatives of England and France encourage the Porte , it is said , to resist Russia ; . and there is reason to believe that the Turkish Government , prompted by their own senss of justice and national dignity , and urged on by Sir S . Canning and General Aiipick , will reject tl e demand of the Emperor .
It is to be supposed that the Russian Emperor will put his threats of war into execution should the answer to his letter be in the negative . "With the almost constant northerly wind a fleet will reach the mouth of the Bosphorous from Sebastopol in twenty . foiir hours . Nearly the whole of the Turkish fleet is , however , in the Golden Home at present ; all the ships fully equipped and ready for sea , and there is an army of 60 , 000 men concentrated about Constantinople . A current runs downwards from the Black Sea , through tbe Bosphorus and Dardanelles , at the rate of four or five miles an hour ; and this , aided by a northerly wind , makes it a very
tedious and difficult thing to get through these Straits unless towed by steamers . This gives immense natural advantages to Russia , who , moreover , has in her favour her relative proximity to Constantinople . An English fleet could not reach the Dardanelles frem Malta in less than 12 to 14 days , nor could the slrps get through the straits to tbe Golden Home in less than three or four days more . With tbe fleet here at present the Turks may be able to defend the entrance to tbe Bousphorus , but their army bears no proportion to the forces which tbe Emperor can iu a fen- days march across the frontier .
SUSPENSION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND RUSSIA . Constantinople , Sep . 16 . — The French steamer which ought to have left yesterday will not start till this evening . She was ' detained by the French Minister , General Aupick , that he might be able to send to his government the final detertnina « tion of the Port with regard to the Polish and Hungarian refugees . Princ& Radzivil , the Czar ' s aidede-camp , doe 3 not return to his Imperial master till to-morrow . He was to have left Constantinople today , but he delayed his departure in hopes that the Turkish government would reconsider their
detennination not to gratify the Emperor Nicholas ' s thivst for vengeance upon the unhappy refugees . Prince Radzivil has not hesitated to say openly that it is the intention of the Czar to have every one of the Polish and Hungarian fugitives now in Turkev hanged the instant they fall into his hands ; and after this unblushing avowal he has the hardihood to insist upon the extradition of his intended victims . The whole Turkish nation protests against being made participators in such a murderous policy . The G ^ and Council with one voice have determined to resist the demands of Russia aud to defy her threats . The Sultan has approved of their resolution , and in
this his Majesty is supported by the Shiek-ulblaem , or chief of the religion , and the Whole corps of Ulemas . The Sheik-uUslaem said that , to give up these poor refugees would be a violation of one of the first principles of the Mussulman religion , which ordains that the followers of Mahomet shall give hospitality and protection to all who are in misfortune without distinction of creed or country In the interview which Prince Radzvil had with the Sultan , ms Majesty did not disguise the indignation he felt at the demand of the Czar , and at the overbearing tone m which it was made . As to Austria she has sunk into complete insignificance-, her name is not even mentioned in the present
negocia-S £ rmiPEa U .-From the commencement of he present question the Turkish government "bad refused to comply with the demands ' of the Emperor of Russia for the extradition of the Polish and Hunganan refugees . But the Porte wished to do so in the manner least calculated to produce any unnecessary uretalion . . This mode of proceeding did not c ~ " ! : lfc seems - w ^ h the instructions which M .
de Titoff had received from the Czar , and he therefore , 111 the afternoon of the 15 th ult ., made known to the Port , that if within thirty hours from the date of his note the Turkish government did not give a decisive answer to the demands of the Emperor he would suspend , all diplomatic relations . The Russian Minister , at the same time , ordered Prince Radzivil to refuse the audience of leave which had been offered him by the Sultan
^^ ffiMsaas gMtiSi'SSK tiwwftfi ?*' , ' " " ??' ™ ' ''" ! ** * - -SiSKrKW ^^ jjgs S ^ tfefesSS despatched secretl y on the night of the 15 th Z ¦ £ = # aas £ Sa £ *^ . « neuw Mjr To THE
PS iB * vZZtltl ** ?? han ^ d to the ral wJ £ * TTf Au 8 trian ministers , Gene , ral Aupick decided on detaining the Telemwue
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nounce the result of that step tolnTloSlf ? take advantage of . this circumstanceTS ? Wl l details to those I sent you yesterday u SOl"e this evening that the repl y of the Divan * !! f ' ultimatum was made known . Thul tba Minister of Foreign Affairs addressed u ? S 7 ' \ and Enghsh ministers a note , in which hi 2 ?^ following questions to them . Do tSe LJ ? "le Kutchuk-Kaynardji and of Passarovit hUe t £ ° powers , Russia and Austria , the S 8 he t ^ the extraditions of the Hungari f 1 / ^ Would the refusal of the SuUa »?' de 2 " be considered an infraction of those lr ? ** Could the t « o powers in m ^ S ^ S ^ l l fusal declare war aganst thePorteS £ i re ' of the two powers declaring war , would BnS ' JhS France support Turkey witb- . au armed 0 e , " «? Are the refugees claimed by Russia th ? « , i 5 * of that power ? -6 . In case the * & X" * T ?
should only cause a rupture of . relations between ! I Divan and the ministers of the two demanding and a state of coolness more or h ^ SXf these two powers towards Turkey , would pS ° England interfere to re-establish the re ! S ' their former footing ? Soon after the wwin J f ?? communication , the French and English Ambaaadol had a coherence , and decided on replyinir bvaoni lecture note , which was delivered in the coii « J the day to the Turkish Minister f J ^ Affairs . Tbe reply if I m well informed T as follows :-On the first question , No «» ,..-alluded to do not confer the right on Xtr £ J Russia .-On the second question , No ; the ret 2 of the Porte would not be any infraction of 11 ?) treaties—On the third question , It cannot be ai raitted that such a refusal could be followed by a declaration of war ; and such a declaration , if it took place , would be unjustifiable . —On the fourth
question : The two ambassadors cannot guarantee the co-operation of the armed forces of England and France without rceiving special instructions . - On the fifth question : It is impossible that some of the refugees claimed by Russia may be still sub . jects of that power ; but for the generality of them , it is incontestable that the refugees , whose extradition is demanded , are not Russian subjects . —On the sixth question : Yes—France and England will actively interfere with Russia and Austria to re-es
tablish good relations between these two powers atid tbe Porte . There can be no doubt , in my opinion , but that this note will powerfully contribute to maintain the Porte in its former determination ; that ihe ultimatum will be rejected , and there will result a rupture of relations between the Russian and Austrian ministers and tbe Divan . But a declaration of war for such a motive would appear such an odious act , tfeat we can barely admit its p ossibility . There is , however , everything to be dreaded on the part of a power such as Russia , and Europe wiil dowell to be on its guard .
The Turks are not at all uneasy . They cannot compreheud that war will be declared against them solely because they have refused to give up a few unfortunate refugees who have confided in their honour ; and they accordingly rely on the support aud sympathy of the whole of civilised Europe The good Turks , however , are not blindly trusting to the chapter of accidents or to the decrees of destiny . They are actively preparing for all hazards . AH the available troops have been ordered from the frontiers ; the army of RoumeVia , 40 , 000 strong , is ordered to hold itself in readiness to march at the first signal ; and the provincial redi fs , or local militia , have been embodied .
The castles of the Bosphorus are to be fortified ; the greater part of the iUet is armed and equipped , and can , in the course of a few hours , east anchor at the mouth of the Black Sea , so as to defend the entrance of the Bosphorus . Nor does the Turkish government appear to be wanting in what is txpressively called the sinews of war . ' It has plenty of ready money with which to commence war , and the Minister of Finance has declarad his ability to place 40 , 000 , 000 at the disposal of tbe Minister of War without delay . The Sultan has offered an equal sutn from his private purss , and we are assured that even the mosques of the capital , whose wealth is cnorrtous , are prepared to make the greatest sacrifices to support the government on a question which all pious Musslemen regard as one of religious principle .
INDIA . The sentence on Moolraj has been commuted into transportation for life . It is believed that he will sent to Singapore . The cholera has been very prevalent in Bombay as well as at Poouah and in the Deccan generally .
NEW SOUTH WALES . Another Rebellious CoLONY . —By way of Singapore , advices have arrived from Sydney to the 11 th of June . The revival of the transportation system , indicated in Earl Grey ' s despatch of the 3 rd September , 1848 , is strenuousl y opposed by the colonists . In the Legislative Council , on tbe 1 st of June Mr . Cowper moved the following resolution relative to the despatch : —• That this Council declines to accede to the proposal therein contained for the renewal of transportation to this colony , and strongly protests against the adoption of any measure bv which the colony would be degraded into a penal
settlement ; and that this Council , therefore , would earnestly entreat her Majesty to be graciously pleased to revoke the Order in Council by which this colony has been again made a place to which British offenders may bs transported . '—This was carried unanimously . On the 10 th of June , however , a cargo of convicts arrived at Sydney , in the 'Hashmeney . The colonists were instantl y up in puhlic meetings . O < i the 11 th of June , the people of Sydney ' assembled as one man , ' under the chairmanship of Mr . Lowe , their Member in the Council j all
- public business being suspended for the day . Ihe meeting adopted resolutions solemnly protesting against the act of the Colonial Office-as a violation of the will of the colonial majority , clearly expressed at all times ; as a breach of faith ; as an invasion 0 ! colonial freedom and Of local self-government ; as an injustice political and social ; and as a great hazard to colonial relations with the Mother-country . The protest was handed to Governor Fitzroy who signified his intention not to land the convicts from the Hashraeney' until the answer of Earl Grey should have been received .
WEST INDIES . JAMAICA . —We have received our usual conespondence and files of papers from Jamaica to the 7 th otbeptember ; their contents are interesting . The new Colonial Parliament assembled for the first time on the 5 th of September , and on tbe very first ui ° ht the Country party showed that the general election had proved favourable to their cause , they bavin " displaced the former Speaker of the House , one of the government party , and elected in his stead Dr . Morales , from their own ranks .
The Governor addressed the House in a speech of » r c d w -V t l i > mw WS «» " ° ^ o Slvtathf th t business <> f ^ e country . The 2 ht tJ r was a S reed t 0 » y the House the Si , u he P ¥ ket left > buthad not been pre-Z ^ J * l mild iu its lail S « age , but firm , declaring the right of the House to manage their oi maiStS ' lTSa \ nS their domination to Z ff J 1 nght < ^ a «« Mtaent to the address was offered by one of the government , or « S House , party , pledging the House to raise the ordi nary revenue , but the original address was cmi £
UNITED STATES . An arrival had taken place from California One million dollars have been received and TZllf ^ ° CCUrred be ' tffe < * ^ e French and American governments . It seems that the EM ?? . Washl »^ itTS . SU ! Uon d m iLA '" , " Cabinet relat ^ * o conipensa-Mexio ^ l by his govetument for losses in th < to he a , Sn v ^ Iicftn Gove" »™ nt complainec and £ 31 A 168 in Paris Of tbe s P irit ° f the letter and received for answer an approval thereof hy tb < KELT FranCe * There « P ^ thfeaU « ™ n ? on , Prese the ambassador with hi to
141 Jjjort leave . The affair has created great » H , UU * ll 0 f / 6 ttk * ' md the confirmation of th SK 3 ? " * r tert | altbou « anticipated , an weighed heavil y on the minds of the large majorit of the American citizens . A deep feei of V pathy for Kossuth and his compatriot was ei sssssa ^^ ^*^ thSnKT * ^ dCbt bM been ab 0 li 8 h ( throughout the entire state of Virginia . rw % T ? T emi 8 rati ° tt in the direction oftt wloi u . ft * as said t 0 be larg « tti » eve ST ! \ Undred wa SS ° passed Council Bluff , I the latest accounts , on their way acro&s the plan ihe Mormon votes are now looked upon as ef co siderable influence . In the Nauvoo district f Mormons voted for the Lecofoco candidates . th ° w ct | ' Ioffa ' tbeyTOtedto amanf
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1 - ¦¦¦¦ 1 1 1 " ' THE NORTHERN STAR . Octoberftum
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1542/page/2/
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