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Is M.wiKixi> are liable to one disease more th-.m anolhw, or «there are any particular affections of the Jmaun bod* i
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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v , u re . jmre <> we a Knowledge of over tin : rest , it is eer . tamly that class of disorders treated of in thu uew and iia . proved edition of tho "Silent Friend . " The authors , im thus sending torth to tlwwovW another oilitioit > . r their medical work , cannot refrain from ej . pres . uiiL- ttu-ir grati . liCAtiou at thu continual success attcndii b tliciv cltbrte . which , combined with the assistance of medicimr ,, exclusively of their own preparation , have been the h : a > m cause of mitigating and averting the mental and physical miseries attendant on those peculiar disorders ; thus proving the fact , that suffering humanity must always derive t ! ie s ; i"catcBt advantage froni duly qualifisd members of the medical profession adopting a particular clase of disorders fur their exclusive study , in preference to a superficial knowledge o £ all the diseases that afflict mankind . Messrs . U . and L .
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TIIE jPOPULAU REMEDY . P ABB'S LIFE PILLS .
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The Seed-bed ot Crime . — " Thousands of children , " says a writer in the Daily News , " between seven years and fourteen crowd tho streets of London , samples of them turn up in plenty at all our ragged schools , who arc either orphans , foundlings , or the children of criminal p arents , who have deserted them or been removed from tho country by force ; these know no friends and have no occupation . They live on the pave , and sleep in the gutters . A doorway 13 a luxury which is denied to them by a vigilant police . An to employment , thev sell
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THE MARCH OF INTELLECT . bt Robert ITQdeej . . ( From the Democratic Review . ) It came—and its step was light as the breath , Of the gentlest zephyr that fawis on the ev ' n—It came with a stillness as silent as death , Bat it breathed a benignity soothing as heaven It started—it gaz * d as by stealth , far abroad , It mark d the deep bondage of vassaliz'd man , It shrank and recoil'd , and it marveli'd if God Bad sketch d such a doom in the primitive plan . It came—there -were whisp ' rings abroad on the earth , Deep nratter'd , too deep in a mystified tone , Frowns , curees , and threats , were heard issuing tortn , ° And tortures andshackles were forginganon ; It smil d on the fetters—it trinmpbM in scorn . It spurn d the frail arm rear'd only to bind , Its march-hymn afar on the echoes was borne , Proclaiming the hasfning redemption of mind . ' It comes—and its whispers to thunders haTe grown—All nature clastic bends under its tread O ' er ocean and earth its fire-chariots have flown , A dread ^ Bp ° f ™ g 1 lty fa ^^ ""S *
Corruption , convuls'd , sees her nostrums turn weak , . And nods ia Oppression in speechless despair , As the engines roll on , that shall speedily break me chains they had destia'd tiie millions to wear . It will come , and the great ones of earth shall twn pale ; The yoke of the bondsman , enfeebled , shall snake ; All tyrants shall join in one desolate wail , And empires ! foundations \? ill tremble and quake : Thrones shall crash , and the sceptre , be-clotted with Wood , "Will shiver to shreds in the hands of its lord , And a voice , fierce and awful , will echo aloud That " Freedom , ihb Birthright of Max , is Restobed . '
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THE DEMOCRATIC HEVIEW OF BRITISH AM ) FOREIGN POLITICS HISTORY , AXD LITERATURE Edited by G . Julias Hakxey . No . V . October . London : E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wineoffice-court , Fleet-street . Ax important historical document , which will hereafter he consulted by the Historian , appears in this number of the Democratic Review . The article—which is from the pen of the
celebrated Victor Coxsideraxt , one of the proscribed members of the French National Assembly—is an elaborate review of ilie famous "Thirteenth of June ; " the memorable day on which Terror triumphed over Right , and Ledioj Roixix , and his devoted compatriots , were driven into exile . Having described the " State of the Revolution , " Coxsidekaxt- next explains the " "Usurpation and Violation of the Constitution ; " and ihus forcibly denounces the
FRACTICID . il . WAR AGAINST THE R 01 UX REPUBLIC . This impious war of the parent Republic against the noble Republic of Rome , which historically and wthm a year ' s time , will he none Iheless its eldest daughter in Europe-it is treachery to the Democratic cause-itis surrendering the Revolution into the hands of Kings-it is a sacrilegious coalition , cemented by the blood of our brave soldiers , with the AnstnansandtheCossaclcs , with Aristocracies and Monarchies , against the People . History—which will make this act void—will
brand it as it will brand those whohave accomplished it ; as it will brand those who have suffered it . It will pronounce that after eighteen years of subterranean policy and anti-revolutionary efforts to creep into the party of kings , M . Guizot , in sending Ms chndestine armies to the Sonderbund , in 1848 , was still at a great distance behind the hero of Strasburg and Boulogne , the former Roman revolutionist and tLe bombardier of Rome in 1849 . And , in 1847 , <' iuizot . Louis Philippe , and their advocates , had not tefore : hem the articles V . and LV . of a Democratic End Remiblican Constitution .
The European Revolution betrayed—the People yielded up to the Kinjs and their executioners—the national sovereignty usurped from the Assembly by an adventurer —the constitution violated and degraded after sis months of insolent provocation by the Executive and his satellites , and five monrtis of weakness—to say the least—on the part of the Consihnent Assembly ; this is what the restoration of tli ? Bourgeoisie Oligarchy to power , and its shameful aliiance vritb the sons of the emigrants , the Jesuits , and the Cossacks have done for France . Coxsideh / lxt next details the course he proposed to the Mountain , to take " For the Defence of the Constitution . " With the following sentiments vremostcordiallv concur
TUE CONSTITBTIOU ASD " TnE MAJOBITV . *' If the majorities are omnipotent , sacred , holy ; if their will makes right , if their vote legitimates everything , jnstifies everything , of what use is the I Constitution ? ! But no : the Constitution is the fundamental com-! pact , the arch of princ '» ples , tlie inviolable guaranteeof minorities , of the rights of all . The Constitution in ; its-pints and yrinciples , is the key-store of the - arch , die law of laws , the condition on -which citizens submit to secondary laws , Ott which minorities accent the t'overnment of majorities .
It the Constitution is violated by those who are entrusted with its protection , there is no longer any legal government . If majorities , in trampling it under foot , trample under foot the guarantees of minorities and the rights of all , their right perishes , their authority is destroyed . They , themselves , break in pieces , as far as they are concerned , all judicial obligations . The people , every fraction csf the people , every individual falls back on his original bbeity . The conscience of each becomes the sole rule of his duty ; and the violators of the Constituftion , preserving a power which they possess only on me condition of the Constitution , are merely a fracjtion of the people— that is , a tyrannical faction .
Coxsidebaxi's account of the " Affair at ¦ the Conservatory , " differs most widely fjom I the lying and calumnious reports published at I the time in the journals , French and English . I Replying to the calumniators and scoffers , he I says : — I Their lying narrations , their grotesque bulletins , I the factious rage , theassaultsandthesarcasmswhich I they scatter , as if from overflowing hands , since I their victory of Force over unresisting Right , prove I how much it embarrasses them . In fact , to be I obliged to involve Right and the Constitution when I they have trampled them under foot , to be con-I strained to wear the mantle of hypocrisy , after such gaps have been torn therein that all the world I can see through , must be painful even to those B used to it .
I Here is my reply to their fury and then * insults ; I it is short , nutlet them seek to escape it : — I Either our descent into the street was a pacific r manifestation or it was not : if it was pacific , cease | S ymtr ' fury . M If it was aninsiirrection , ceateyour insults , / or never W iffore , in our times , have political chiefs , legislators , K been seen to descend publicly into tlie street before g THE TICTOBT TO GIVE , THEMSELVES , THE SIGNAL OP If THE COMBAT . B As for myself , when I went , wearing my scarf , to j | take that place at the head of a manifestation where it my duty , as a representative chosen by the city of E Paris , most imperatively called me , I knew that we II would be treated as factious men by the government , Band the majority . For them the violated Constitu Etlon—the will of a sovereign Assembly
scorned—Hflagrant usurpation—aUj are nothing . But to defend Ehe Constitution by a peaceful protestation of the ^ National Guard , and of faithful Representatives , febat is frightful and criminal . if It is not the ks 3 true ; I repeat , that an Executive Government , and a majority , both violators of the WJonstitution from which / they derive their authority litre nothing but a very small fraction of the people Epsersing an usurped and tyrannical power ; and if B 5 & those who wish that the Constitution should be filiprcted , and , like us , regard it as violated , had § MbetheirdutyontheI 3 th , a 3 we did , that small iiaction of the people in revolt against the Constitufp-
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tion would have returned to their allegiance on the Hth , or else would havebeen deposed in fact , as in right they were already on the 12 th , and as in right they still are . & The entire article occupies some sixteen pages of the Eeciew . "We can make room only for the following additional paragraph : — The holy cause wiU soon triumph . I have never fc-BSTff . &'JSSi * S W | E ^ JB 5 E- tftiE rather than thoroughly wicked men Th ( . §« Tf assatSH 1 - a& ^ asssSir ? liunecniaor ___ tion would h ave returne d to their nili i m ,, 14 th . or else wnnld ha . vebsendf > nn <( f > fl ; n # .. « . __?
w . c june . They think thev are taW ^ isaaiis . 'SSS SKBS * - wc - £ ^ 5 < Jh ? f ^ de by " One of ' Men of the Future '" is devoted to the " Peace Congress , and Democratic Progress . " From the continuation of the Letters of " Terrigenous , " we take the following : — HOW THELAND CAMETO BB APPROPRIATED . One tells us that when mankind suffered a particular person to occupy a piece of ground , they by tacit consent , aEwsqmsHED their Right to it ; and as the piece of ground , they say , belonged to mankind collectively , and mankind thus gave vp tltetr right to the first peaceable occupierit thenceforward became his property , and no one aftenvards had a right to molest him . ' ! "
"Pine notions truly!—so very generous—so very honest—and above ah * so very just ! The high tone of morality and honesty pervading this " account " of one of the " best writers" on the subject—the great moral lesson inculcated in each sentence—ia so very excessive—jo very , very extraordinary ! Of a verity it was a very nice doctri pe to send forth to the world , for although it might in some way account to the people how it was that Land was held by such a very few individuals , aad in such a great number of acres , to the exclusion of all the rest , yet it must he remembered that , like & two edged sword , it cuta two ways , telling people in so many words ( although unintentionally of course ) that any
spacsot ground , or any bouse or anything else , which anybody thought wasnnoccupied and unappropriated , or rather that thing which he should like to be his own , he had nothing to do but to enter thereupon , and if unopposed , to swear that it was his , —for the real owner or owners , had given up , relinquished , forfeited , their right by not being present to oppose the individuals entry thereon ! What a preposterous idea!—what a monstrous doctrine ! Some people , and some landed property , would , methinks , be in a state of very great insecurity , were this doctrine acted upon by the landless millions ! pAtEr , himself , raises the following objection to tan monstrous doctrine : —
" The objectionto this ' account , ' is that consent can never bepresumed from silence , where the persons whose consent is required , Jmows noHdng about the matter ; which must have been the case with ( mind !) all mankind , except the neighbourhood of the placeivhere the appropriation was made ! And to suppose that the piece of ground lelongcd to the neigoonrhood , and that they had a just power of conferring a right to it upon whom they phased , is to suppose the question resolved and a partition of Land to have already takenplace !"
This objection surely i 3 decisive enough—besides it goes a very long way , for it makes all men proprietors of the earth atone time , and tbu 3 admits the universal title originally ! But still the " objection , " or the reverend divine himself , might have gone a step further . He might have reflected that all then living , was not all that should live ;—that if the Land was then necessary for all mankind , it would be as equally necessary for all to come ; — that as mankind held it jointly originally , and on that account the consent of all then living was essentially requisite before a single appropriation could take place , that the consent to such appropriation of every man tlten to bebom , was as absolutely essential , and amis * be obtained , before the individual title
to it could have the least semblance of validity ! If the reveread divine had thought of this , or proclaimed it—if he had reflected upon the matterthe affair would have been settled at once , and he might have saved himself the trouble into the bargain of g iving us his own strong account of the matter with , which he afterwards favours us , and for the making way for which , I presume , was the reason that he gathered these " accounts" and then placed the " objections" after them to destroy them ! The man -who could see , and set forth , that the consent of all mankind living in many ages back was necessary to raider a single act ofappropiation a valid one , could not fail to see that the consent of event individual to be uorx was as indispensably necessary !
A brief but well-written article on " British Slavery , " is followed by a continuation of the exposition of the " Principles and Projects of Louis Blaxc , " from which we extract the following : —
UNLIMITED COMPETITION—ITS BEARING ON IIBERTY . Competition , that pita the rich against the poor , the crafty speculator against the simple art zan , the nailed warrior against the unarmed hind , the vigorous athlete against the shaking paralytic . And this incessant disorderly ^ collision of weakness with strength , this oppressive anarchy , this invisible tyranny of circumstances , which no palpable tsranny of man ever exceeded in cruelty . . . , this is what is called Freedom ? Whatfreedom to develop his intellectual life has the poor man's child , who , turned aside by hunger from the road to school , hastened to sell saul and body at the next cotton-mill , to eke out with a few daily halfpence Iris father ' s scanty gains ! What freedom to secure the conditions of his toil has the workman who perishes by the mere protraction of the debate ?
What freedom to secure his existence against the risks of a homicidal lottery , has the operative who , in the oonfused clashing of so many individual efforts , is reduced to dependence—not on his own provident wisdom , but on each of the disorders naturally engendered by competition : on a distant failure , on the cessation of a demand , on the discovery of a machine , on the closure of a workshop , on an industrial panic , or on a stoppage of work ? ' What freedom to sleep elsewhere than on the pavement has the unempoyed and homeless artizan ? Whatfveadota toptcsstve her cnas' . ity unstained has the poor man ' s daughter , who when work fails has no other alternative bnt starvation or dishonour ? Let us not play with words like sophists or rhetoricians ; let us probe these questions to the bottom . Who is the slave ?
The slave is one who , lacking raiment , food , and lodging , sleeps on the step 3 of a varans palace . The slave is the wretch who ia punished for imploring with outstretched hand the succour of the rich :-the houselets wanderer imprisoned for daring to rest by the way side-The skue is the unfortunate whom hunger condemns to theft , till society condemns him to the hulks . The slave is the father , who sends Ms young son to breathe the poisoned air of some deleterious manufacture : —and the son , who sends his old father to end his days at the hospital . . The slave is the poor man's child sent to a factory at six years of age ;—and the poor man ' s daughter , who barters her virtue for bread at sixteen .
The slaves are those who , sis at Lyons , inscribe on their banners " To live working , or die fighting ;" —and who , having done so , fight and die . * * * * But , it is objected the poor man lias the right jto ameliorate his position . And what matters this right , if nine times in ten , it is unaccompanied by the power ? What matters it to the sick man who is left to perish , that he has the right to be cured ? It is with these pre ' ended rights that the people are abused . ' Right is but the metaphysical and dead protection which has been wrongfully substituted for the real and living protection that the
people have a right to claim . Eight , pompously proclaimed in the sterile charters , has but served to mask the barbarity of individualism , and of the abandonment of the poor . It is by defining liberty as a right , that politicians have brought them-dves to regard ssfrec , men groaning in the donbiebondage of hunger and of ignorance . Lst us declare it then , once for all : Liberty consists , not only in the conceding to every man the Right bnt also in giving him the power to develop his faculties under the empire of justice , and under the cnarantee of law .
And this , be it observed , is no vain distinction ; its sense is profound , its scope is immense . For let it be once admitted that man in order to be free , needs the power to exercise and develops its faculties , it follows that society owes to each of its members that instruction without which the human intelligence cannot unfold itself , and these implements of labour without which human activity cannot be brought into play . Now , how can society succeed in furnishing each of its members with suitable instruction , and with nece ? sary implements ? This can bei accomplished , as in a future letter I-will derii- natrate , only bv a carefully elaborated system of Association . -
Civilisation hasanother step to make upon the road of progress . The common people , thanks to the diffusion of knowledge and the efforts of the human mind , have successively ceased to be slaves—to be serfs—to be vassal ; ' they roust now cease to be hireling ? . Three specimens of ultra-democratic poetry , precede a continuation of the history of " The
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^™? fi n StruSgV' embracing the glorious period between the first of January , and the &st of Jnn « , 1849 , ^ when « for a moment vicarious , free , and independent , Hungary defied Jier nnplacable foes , " " and the Hungarian m-coiour floated triumphantly throughout the length and breadth of the land . " An address by the Editor , chiefly on the aeaths of the Martyrs Sharp and Wiliiams , concludes the contents of this number of the Democbatic Review . .. = ^^^ — " ¦ ' — -- — - aunGananH'trni * wlo '' I . . « , ! , „ _ ii . »
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The Operatives Free Tress . Conducted by Working men . Cambridge : J . Nichols , iitzroy-square . London : J . Watson . Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row . We have received Nos . 1 and 2 ( September-October ) , of a new " monthly journal of Labour , Politics , and Education , " conducted by Proletarians ; and—strange but true—published in that sink of ( intellectual ) iniquity Cambridge ! What next ? Talk of "
reaction ! " Uld Mother Church will look upon this as reaction with a vengeance . We shall not be surprised to learn , ere long , that the banner of heterodoxy has been raised even within the walls of orthodox Oxford . Indeed it will be a shame to the democrats of that place if they allow themselves to be outskipped by the innovators of the rival " seat of learning . " Surely this comesofsetineup Byron's statue in the University . The saints had far better have let well alone , and permitted the statue to have found its intended repose in Westminster Abbey . London was already lost , but Cambridge was yet orthodox ; now that holy place seems destined to follow in the wake of the " great metropolis . " Surely " The kirk is in ruins , the state ia in iars , "
when an Operatives' Free Prets is published in the pious and prelatical town of Cambridge . There are some creditable articles in the numbers before us , What will the University " nobs" say to the following specimens ?—
CONTENTMENT . We are sagely exhorted to be contented , and to feel grateful to our rulers and masters for being permitted to live at all . We are grateful , very !! No one knows how grateful wo are ; but how could they ? for we have not cared to write ourselves down asses , and " our superiors" ( those drones in the hive of industry ) keep us at so respectful a distance , that we cannot even whisper it to them ; —but the good time is coming , when education will have
done its glorious point , and the operative , strong m the possession of mental power , and bold in defence of his rights , which arc his inalienably shall confront his oppressor , and tell him in language not to be drowned by the music of jinglin " purchase money , or hushedby the voice of intimida ° - tion , how much gratitude glows in his bosom for all past favours , and how much pleasure it gives him to say , that for the future , he hopes to bo able to dispense -with att occ . isiona for gratitude . HEBEDITJIHY COVBRNMBHI .
Class government is bad in any ahape , but in this form it is most obnoxious . A class of men claim to govern the destinies cf this great nation—rendered great not by the deeds © fits aristocracy , but by the enterprise and genius of its people—because , forsooth , their fathers did so before them . They offev no other qualification . Perhaps they may tell us that they derive those mental qualities which may fit them for government , by descent from their long and noble line of ancestors ; even admittin g that this might be the case , for the sake ofarg £ ment , though common sense revolts at the idea their ancestors were not created nobles , in the j » i ™ 1
majority of instances , for their wisdom or their learning ; but from some scene of violence and bloodshed , in which they acted a conspicuous part . The traditions which their titles carry with them , are not of shining talents , and philanthropic actions but of deeds of blood , spoliation , and desolation An hereditary aristocracy ! Let us complete the farce by following the suggestion of Thomas Paine , by making the office of poet-laureate descend from father to son through all posterity ; for surely poetry , like learning , is hereditary too . The only hereditary system which we can acknowledge is the right of self-government ; it is a man ' s birthright , which no enactment can alienate , or force destroy ,
THE EVIL A . \ D THE CURE . We work in factories under the most stringent regulations . Our producing power is organised to aid machinery in producing those amazing results of skill which are so familiar to our eyes , but so foreign to our possession . We are by no means the first to raise the question "Cannot we become capitalists as well as producers , and thereby combine m our own selves these two distinct and antagonistic classes of society . " Wherever this principle is at all recognised and acted upon the
result is most cheering . We ask our brethren of the forge , the loom , the plough and the coal mine , to become intelligent , and le t the great question of labour receive the most anxious consideration , for upon it depends onr future destiny as a class . Let us not be behind our neighbours the Prench . who have made considerable progress in the consideration of this question , much more pet-haps than we have done ; but let us look our foe fearlessly in the face , and by increased and increasing intelligence and morality , seek practically and for ever to put an end to the secret enemy that devours us .
_ Although the tone of the writers in this publication is somewhat too moderate for our liking , we cordially welcome their "journal , " and wish it all success in its advocacy ofoui common principles , and our common cause .
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THE MINER'S DOOM . ( From a Poetical Collection entitled Tlie Emigrant , and other Poems . ByH . Fawceit , Castle Eden Colliery . Newcastle-upon-Tvne T . Dodds , 61 , Grey street . )
Air : — " jl / islctoc JBou ^ . " Arous'd by the caller ' s well-known voice , Near midnight , calling— " it ' s time , my boys ;" The old and the young at the sound arise , And each to his dreary toil quick hies . But little they thought in descending the mine , Ko more tlie'd see the bright sunshine . 0 the slaves of the mine , The slaves of the mine ! Ifow down the deep shaft , far out of siglit , They toil , with a dimly burning light ; Far , far from meadows and rivers clear , They ' re breathing a noxious atmosphere . The dangers they brave , the world seeth not , It sighs o ' er their doom , but soon they ' re forg ot 0 the slaves , &c .
0 sudden and sad is the miner ' s doom , See ! the clouds which up yon shaft now come The alarm , is given—she ' s fired i they cry To the shaft 1 to the shaft ! all quickly fly . The mother exclaims , in anguish wild , "ily son ! my son ! my darling child !" 0 the slaveB , &c . " 0 mother , " yon little mourner doth cry , " Will not father come to me by-and-bye . " " No more he'll return , my only joy , Thy father is gone , thou ' rt an orphan boy , No more he'll hear thy pratling tongue , Place thee to sleep with a soothing song . " 0 the slaves , &c .
The aged father he tore his air , No words he uttered , he looked despair ; Bis son was slain , like the mighty oak , When shattered by the lightning stroke . Cut off in the flower of youthful bloom , The deep drear mine is his early tomb . . 0 the slaves , &c . See , yonder maiden in silent grief , No tears now come to her relief ; They'd fix'd the day to form for ever , The bond , which only death can sever . No more his active limbs now move , No more he'll smile upon his love . 0 the slaves , « fcc .
Now struggles the miner to better his state , May he triumph in a cause so great . Though yet he may toil in the darksome mine , Away ! away ! from the bright sun-shine . Yet kind , and just , and equal laws , ¦ "Will happiness bring to the miner ' s cause . 0 the slaves , < fcc .
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Sra ?? rF \ " Sji ^ wTTrALE-OF THE NINETEENTH CEHTTOKX . Br Thomas mariin wnmiit , Late Secretary to the National Charter Association and National Land Company . Chapt er XXYII . Slaves toil no more < Why delve , and moil , and To glut the tyrant forgovs of your chain ? mine ^ ° ' ' Up irom the midni S Summon your swarthy thousands to the plain ; Beneath the bright sun marshalled , swell tho strain ' Of Liberty ; and while the lordlings view \ fZ ^! f St 3 > ?* & strlcken Searfc and toin . Shout as one man , "Toil we no more renew , Until the many cease their slavery to the few !" ' ¦ „ „ cnvsirrwi ? avi- > r ,, ; __ ~ " !
SlaV Kin g ° s UnOmOre ! Despite theil > boait ' > en Must cease to sit in pride , without your toil ; Spite of their sanctity , the surplic'S things } f ° ' tt ? a" Hme ' ' ^^ ted to embroil Man with his neighbour , and pollute the soil Of holiest mothev earth with brothers ? g 01 Join but to fold your hands , and ye wilffoil To utter help l essness ; yea , to the core &t toil no ' mt 7 ^ Pal ° death' ®™*> For that these words of truth I boldly spake To Labour ' s children , in their agony P Of want and insult ; and , like men awake After dragged slumbers , they did wildly fleo To do they knew not what , until with glee The cellar of a Christian priest they found , And with its poison fired their misery To mad revenge ; swift hurling to the ground oTne ^ aSS 0 Ck ' ™' CUI > Of ^ 4 l PPlei
For that I boldly spake these words of truth , And the starved multitudo to fury wrought , By sense of injury , and void of ruth , Rushed forth to deeds of recklessness ; but naught Achieved of Freedom ; since nor plan , nor thought Their might directed . Fov this treason foul 'Gainst evil tyrants , I was Mthei- brought A captive , ' mid the vain derisive howl Of some who thought the iron now should pierce my soul I Thomas Cooper . While these scenes were being enacted in tho North , tho League emissaries had produced a similar result in Staffordshire ; lab our was universally abandoned , upwards of 30 , 000 colliers were on strike in Hanley , Burslem , Lane-End . Stoke-iiBon
Trent , and nearly every town in the district . The shops were closed , and one universal holiday prevailed here , as in the North ; so long as the Charter was kept on the back ground , so long did the great League masters secretly abet the strike ; but when Thomas Cooper , Ellis , Richards , and other Chartists defeated the League plot , and made it a purely Democratic movement , then were the terrors of the law launched out against the rioters ; blood flowed freely in several encounters , which the exasperated people were driven into with the police and military ; still their numbers were so overwhelming that the military , fatigued and harassed with marching and countermarching , could not avoid their holding complete possession of Hanley ,
Shelton , ana other towns m the district ; and , unfortunately , the prudent counsels of the Chartist leaders were not attended to , for , in the madness of revenue they fired the houses of several of the obnoxious gentry in tho neighbourhood , including that of the lley . E . Atkins , and , brutalised with the wine with which his cellar was stored , many of the rioters fell victims to their madness , and perished in the flames . This state of things could not long exist ; Cooper left for Manchester , to attend the Convention , and , arrested at Burslem , was fortunately discharged , though ultimately he received two years' imprisonment , and narrowly escaped that tvanapoxUtion to which Ellis , and many other good men were doomed , for a presumed participation in this destruction of
property . Hundreds were condemned to various periods of imprisonment , and proscription and terror fell with annihilating influence upon tho Chartist body , who had to boar the whole weight of magisterial and government prosecution , combined with League malice and persecution . Thus ended the League drama , bringing destruction upon thousands , who , thougli not blinded to its treachery , yet thought themselves powerful enough to turn it to their own holier purpose ; experience proved the fallacy of this hope , and the oppressors of labour again triumphed . On the Sunday following , tho ICth of August , Arthur Morton , after three years' absence , again arrived in London ; misery and disappointment sat heavy at his heart , for he had been no idle
sneetatmof these exciting events . Fortunately , for his personal safety , lie was unknown ; and , thus taking no responsible position ho escaped that danger in which too many of the active spirits in the Chartist movement were involved ; circumstances , however , had introduced him to some members of the Executive Committee , ; and being about to start for the Metropolis he was charged with a confidential communication to the Secretary of the Metropolitan Delegate Committee , at that period , next to the Executive Committee , the most important organised body in tho movement . On inquiry ho was conducted by a friend to a long narrow room , up a flight of stairs , in that portion of tho town called the Old Bailey , opposite the
celebrated Newgate Prison . Tho clock had ] ust struck three , and the chaiv being taken , about fifty delegates answered to their names—tho room , capable of holding about 200 , being densely crowded with spectators . Communication after communication was received , detailing the posture of affairs in the North , and the dispersion of the members of the Executive Committee . Reports were also received of the various meetings which had been nightly held in the metropolis , and arrangements made for their continuation . The most unbounded enthusiasm prevailed , which even the reverses , throughout the country , seemed only to increase . Aware of the necessity of an accredited head , a pro tern . Executive of five persons was elected until such time as the
late of their late leaders should become known , and an address passed , couched in towns of the most daving defiance , to the government , William Cuftay was a , prominent actor in this uody ; appointed b y acclamation to the newly-formed Executive , he for the first time attracted the attention of Arthur Morton , who gazed with unfeigned admiration upon tho high intellectual forhead and animated features of this diminutive Son of Africa ' s despised and injured race . Never during his residence either in the West Indies or America had he met with such an intelligent specimen of the coloured race , horn in England . Though the son of a West Indian and the grandson of an African slave , he spoke the English tongue pure and
gramatical , and with a degree of ease and facility which would shame many who hoiist of tho purity of their Saxon or Norman descent . Tossossed of attainments superior to the majority of working men , he had filled , with honour , the highest offices of his trade society . "Was an auditor , and one of the Executive Committeo of the Ancient Order of Druids ; and had that day been elevated by the unsought voices of his fellow-men to the highest office in the Chartist ranks , who knew that in tho hour of danger no man could be more depended on than William Cuffay—a strict disciplinarian , and a lover of order *—he was firm in the discharge of his duty , even to obstinacy ; yet in his social circle no man was more polite . cood < munourcd . and affable , whinh
caused his company to be much admired and earnestly sought for—honoured and vespected by all who Knew him . Alas , poor Cuffay ! the enthusiasm of the moment—the madness of the hour—hath driven thee to pass the remainder of thy days under the ban of society—a transported felon—yet am I proud to acknowledge that I was onco honoured with the felon's friendship—that I shared thy noble enthusiasm , and tkit fortuitous circumstances alone , in all probability , saved mo from sharing in thy fate . I acknowledge that it was madness that brought thy fate upon thee ; but it was a noble , a god-like madness—a spark of that electric fire which snoek the dynasties of Europe to its extremesfc . bounds—that caused tho olden -nower of
monarchy to tremble and bite the dust—that created , by its magical breath , a race of free men and free institutions , and caused Old Time almost to suspend his flight to gaze in admiring wonder upon its glorious march . Yes , Cut&y , should these lines ever meet thine eyes in thy far-distant home , yes , my friend , . though thou hast fallen—thou hast fallen with the great and noble of tho earth In every land the dungeon encloses the bodies of the free . But their spirits yet float in the air , anxiously watching an abiding : home . In every land the earth is red with the hlood of those who , like thee , were afflicted with this glorious madness , and their vet wet blood cries aloud to Heaven and their fellow-men for vengeance . The noble structure of freedom , which seemed to rise in such grand and fair proportions before the eyes of an astonished world , is t f thf
sweprom e ace of the earth , and all lands again groan in darkness and in misery . But faint not , mine old companion , the darkness of the present time will but render more intense the glowing ^ ft'i . 0 ! - !? 0 uture > The experience now learnt will but sharpen our weapons for the conflict that must again , ere long , rouse the world . But we digress from our > le ,-Arthur Morton speedily became intimate with Ouffay and other active London democrats , and assisted in keeping alive that spirit of enthusiasm which existed in London dxningW period , and which was the more beneficial to the oauso , fu nerseoution and imprisonment bad . so thinned the ranks in the northern and midland counties , that Chartism might be said to sleep the *? * * ¦ The establ ishment , by Mr . O'Connor , of the Evmng Star newspaper , tended greatly to promote the spread of ObA&i'KSwuM the
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appearance of several female orators on the Chartist platforms , by attracting curiosity and tho strictures of the press , also gave increased publicity to Uiartist principles , and made it a subject matter ot common conversation . Whether the labours of these temale orators were beneficial or not to the cause we leave others to decide . During his attendance at the London meetings Arthur was particularly struck with the enthusiasm , good sense , ^ o aZSLf Splaye i by the ™™ rous females who attended these gatherings , and argued-well for [ To bt continued . ) " " — - ' ' ^^ ¦
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The Cheap Dmheb . —In 1812 , a traveller called at the White Hart tavern , at _ L , in HampsS , and ordered them to get him a dinner worth his money . The landlord thinking this would be a profitable customer , set before him a most excellent repast , consisting of ail the delicacies of the season to which the traveller did ample justice . When he had finished , the landlord presented his "little bill , " and the traveller tendered him a sixpence " How is tins ? " replied the host , " your dinner comes to 15 s . U . " " , " answered the other " I expressly ordered a dinner worth my money , and I assure you this sixpence is all tho money 1 have
in the world . The landlord , finding that ho was victimised , thought it was useless to argue the matter any further , and consented to be the loser , on this condition : viz ., that the guest should co and cheat tbe landlord of the Red Lion ( his cnemv ) of a dinner , likewise . "My good man , " said the other , "I cheated him of a breakfast this morning , and he gave me five shillings to pay you a visit . " A Muff holda a lady ' s hand without squeezing it . A spoon meets a lady ' s lips without kissing them Ucoijic . —Over a door in Tanter-street , Staffordstreet , Birmingham , is the following ;—The public good Is here intended ; New boots made , And old ones mended .
SnERiDAN's " Pizamio . "—Mr . Pitt was accustomed to relate very pleasantly an amusing anecdote of a total broach of memory in some Mrs . Lloyd , a lady , or nominal housekeeper of Kensington Palaco . " Being in company , " lie said , " with Mr . Sheridan , without recollecting him , while 'Pizarro' was the topic of discussion , she said to him , 'And so this fine " Pizarro" is printed V ' Yes , so I hear , ' said Sherry . 'And did you ever in your life read such stuff ? ' cried she . Why I believe it ' s bad enough , ' quoth Shorn ^ ' but at least , madam , yeu must allow it ' s very loyal . Ah ! ' cried she , shaking her head— ' loyal ? you don t know its autaov as well as I do *" The New York Literary Morld , in a chapter on names , observes , " Shoemakers' spouses should bu
Peggies ; gamblers' ladies , Bets ; and Sue , would be just the wife for an attorney ; Sophies should he of a sedative disposition , and confectioners' wives should always be Patties . Sometimes a nametviM excite remark . All the papers copied the marriage of llonry Apple and Sarah Apple , but we could see no impropriety in the making of two apples into one pair . " Exhibition of Arts and Mas-jpacicreb or ah , Nations . —The arrangements for the monster exposition in London of arts and manufactures of all nations , projected by Prince Albert , are going on vigorously . It is proposed to be held in tho ycav 18 ol , and that premiums to tho extent of £ 20 , 000 should be given for inventions or improvements . An erection in Hyde Park is talked of , « mile and a half lonq .
Tenacity of LiFE .-An advertiser in the Time * , of Thursday , tells Emilie that her "desertion has broken his heart , " but ho gives his address "for a iveek longer' to tho lodgings where he means to be ! iiniuie , we see , responded amiably on Friday , so that it is to be hoped tho wound is healed by this time . * Pkopeh Kames sot Propeh . —One of the penny imitators of our weekly Pasquin warns people against assuming the name of Smith after it has been tarnished by Louis Philippe and Mrs . Manning ; but what are they to do who already bear the name—if name that can be called which individual designation is none , as little as tho Gentile name of the Komans ? A rich man can procure a change of name , or acquire tho right to add another to his 1
own—as Mi . Bernal became Mr . Osborne , and Dr . Kay is Mr . Kay Shuttleworth ; but a Smith of moderate means must remain Smith to the end of his days . " What ' s in a name ? " asks the love-sick girl ; but men of the world know that there is much m it , although the distribution of names has boon peculiarly fortuitous . Some anomalies in the history of names are very fantastical . Wo have never learned why the Participazio family of Venicewhere family surnames first appear in regular use -atone time adopted a practice of alternating that name with Badoer , and ultimately adopted the latter , wholly dropping the original name , nor whv the ducal Candiano became Sanuto . In England we have had similar anomalies : one son in a family
suddenly appearing with a new name unexplained " . Mines have belonged to families and races from time immemorial , like some ancient names in Italy , the Giustiniani for instance ; they have been domed from places , as an endless number of English fami y surnames ( wo do not mean baronial titles ) like Pendlebury , Ashton , Hyde , Kent , Devonshire etc . ; from nameless places , as Stiles , Fieldsend ; from omces , as Constable , Tipstaff ; from trades , as Butcher Smith , Taylor ; fr om personal peculiarities , as Longshai&s , StTongith ' arm . These last have often been burlesque perversions , as a big man gets called Little , and a little man Large . Nicknames in early days and "free" were often broad enough , often annoying from mere triviality ,
sometimes indecent . Tho most philosophic of men cannot like to be called Rawbono , Shave , Cow , Golightly , Waddle , Body , Peebody , Lightbody , Cuckoo , Clim , Sneezmii , Potts , Penny , Pinches , Ootobed , Popkms , Bugg , or Chawmuffin , to say nothing of names which are equivoques or outspoken indecencies , ov names polluted by criminal associations , which must be brazened or slurred over . It must have a bad moral effect to bo called by a name which habitually raises a stare of wonder , a suppressed smile of ridicule , or a blush of shame . In France a man may by custom take tho name of the land he possesses ; in some countries a man mar take his wife ' s name after his own , and then t ' o
drop the half of the joint name is a licence not unused . In this country John Bull is John Bull to the end of the chapter , unless he can buy the royal leave to bo called Prout-de-Bceuf , or some other Norman appellative . It would be easy to pass a general lay , by which , under proper checks against trivial or improper changes—such as due notice and a . HWtatfe iee — persons bearing objectionable names might alter them , and record the change at the general register office . —Spectator . Naturalists tell us of one advantage which instinct has over genius , evinced in tho construction of a bird ' s nest , inasmuch as tho first nest built by a bird of any species was as perfect as nests constructed at this day are . « ,
Purgatory Taught by the " English Churchman . "—In a review of a book entitled "Discourses on the Life of Christ , " by the Rev . W . De Burgh , the English Churchman says : — " We do not agree with the author , where ho maintains that believers go directly to heaven after death . It is well known that Bishop Pearson , and indeed all our sound divinos , are of the opposite opinion . " A Westkiw Paper records the marriage of Mr . Timothy Strange to Miss Rebecca True . Well , this seems strange , but nevertheless 'tis true ; it seems true , but nevertheless is itrange , A DELICATE ANSWER TO A DELICATE QUESTION . "Dear ladyc fair , wilt thou be mine , I'll love thee all my life ; Love , answev me—say , wilt thou bo My happy , blessed wife V
a ow what d ' ye think the maid replied—In such a case , pray , now would you ? She looked upon the tender youth , And said , " I ' m blessed if I do . " A class was reciting a lesson in metaphysicsthe chapter , on movites operatives on tho human will—when a mackerel vendor went by , shouting , " Mackerel , fine fresh mackerel ! " Suddenly disturbed by tho noise , the master inquired of the class what motive the man had for making such a noise . No answer being given , he said they must bed ««/ aa Iiaddocks , andjto as flounders , not to perceive that it was a se ? 2-, / is / nnotive . Blundering Infectious . — Mr . Charles Knight having gone over to Ireland to see that part of " The Land we Live in , " and collect materials for payt XXV , " Dublin and its Environs , " tells us of St . Valerie , the seat of Sir Philip Crompton , one of the most charming places in Qreat Britain >
A Falling off !—At the sale of the effects of the late Mr . Nicholson , brother-in-law to Mr . Hudson , at York , last week , a portrait of the ex-railway king was put up , and tho first bidding for it was sixpence . It was ultimately knocked down to one of the family for ten shillings , How are tho mi"h £ y fallen ! A Curious Definition . — It is well-known that clergymen in Scotland often form the subject of comment . Their peculiarities , their failings , their abilities are freely and unsparingly criticised . A minister , resident not quite a thousand miles from
this place , whose stock of sermons and ideas is somewhat meagre , and who is , consequently , under tho painful necessity of now and again serving up the same dish , was some timo ago the topic of conversation between two' of his flock : John , what do you think of our minister ? " asked the ono . " Somo folk like him ' gay an' wool , " evasively replied John . " But what is your ain opinion , John V again asked the . other . " Weel , if ye manhaemy opinion , " said John , "I think that the lad deals in the sma grocery line , and he has a' the goods in tho shop window . " b
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Dr . Kixg , late medical officer to the land expedition in search of Sir J . Ro 3 s , in his recent lecture on the undertaking of Sir John Franklin , gave it as his opinion that not a vestige of the expedition would be found . Sir James Ross , it is true , was found after an absence of four years , but Sir John Franklin has been absent about five years ; and there was this difference , that whereas Sir J . Ross had with him but . twenty-threemen , Sir J . Franklin had 126 jfdr ; whom . it would be difficult to find subsistence in the Arctic regions . An AxDEUMASic PioiJenuAN . —At the Lichfield Agricultural Dinner , on Wednesday week , the chairman ( Lord Alfred IJaget , M . P . ) begged to announce that they had a now acquisition to the society in the person of Alderman Copeland , and he ha'd authority to state that tho worthy alderman challenged any member of the sociaty to plough with , him —( laughter)—for any amount upon receiving fourteen day ' s notice . ( Cheers . )
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SOMSET TO BIRON . Despite the snarling critics of thy day , Despite of slander since thy race was run Thy name , oh ! Byron , wfllremain for aye , And shine resplendent as the noontide sun The meed of fame full fairly hast thou won And every clime shall feel thy magic pen ; And as the fleeting years their courses run , Thy name increase in glory amongst men Full high thou soar'd above the bigot's ken ; Bravely thou dared oppose despotic power : For this thou ' rt hated , bearded in their den , Oppression ' s wolves upon thee grimly lower So critic spleen , nor priestly hate , can mar The poet ' s &me—it lives alike through peace and war . Middleshro ' -on-Tees . George Twedmia .
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October 6 , 1849 . ^ ; J THE NORTHERN STAR . I M ¦ ' " ' 3 —————— , ¦ n Ml m
Is M.Wikixi≫ Are Liable To One Disease More Th-.M Anolhw, Or «There Are Any Particular Affections Of The Jmaun Bod* I
Is M . wiKixi > are liable to one disease more th-. m anolhw , or « there are any particular affections of the Jmaun bod * i
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1542/page/3/
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