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. ; PARLIAMENTARY REFORM . ¦; * GREAT MEETING AT NORWICH . ¦ ^ ¦ ¦ I * . ( From the lima of Thursday . ) I > Koewich , Wedxesdat Afieesoos . — A reform KIMSeting f o be held this evening , in St . Andrew'stlnll , Las been for soir . e tune announced , and a comfjimfree has been sitting every night to make rattaiijrements for it . A conference of gentlemen raom Xorwicb , Yarmouth , Derebam , Lowestoft I Wymondhain , and other towns within twenty miles WfS Norwich , was held at three o ' clock , in the Old lpln ^ ry-rooms , when the arrangements for the noming were finally settled , and resolutions were Bussed in favour of " such a measure of electoral Befonns as shall give the people a direetcontrol over fee taxes which they are required to pay , " with a Maw to securing " a great reduction of the national
Expenditure and a more equitable adjustment of the Kfrden of taxation . " A vote of confidence in the Rational Reform Association was also agreed to . me resolutions at this conference were proposed or | wpone < lby Mr . Tillett , Mr . G . W . Birch , Sir . J . Human , Mr . F . D . Smith , Mr . H . Mackintyre , Mr . Spurner , Mi-. A . Budd , Mr . T . Bigaold , and Mr . RPF . l ' ratt . A committee appointed at this con-Hence proceeded to the railway station , in a deco-Itted carriage to receive Mr . Hume , M . P ., Sir J . llabnsley , M . P ., Mr . G . Thompson , M . P ., Mr . F . EConnor , M . P ., &c ., who arrived at twenty Bnntes past four o'clock , and were welcomed with Rich cheering . Abont 400 tickets have been issued fra public breakfast , at the Corn Exchange tojjirrow . The tickets , issued at Is . 6 d ., have risen B 2 s . KJA full report of the evening meeting will be given fa our second edition . !
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| : J MEETING AT STDEXHAM . j | w Monday evening a meeting of the Sydenham PjaitU of the National Parliamentary and Financial ^ Svnu Association , was held at the Fox and SBo * : u 3 Inn , Sydenham ,. Mr . R . Miller in the 18 * . D . Tindal Atkinson , ^ Y . TfilkinSOD , and W |] iboll Sleiffh , Ba ^ rs ., attended as a deputation Vmt the council . The Chairman , in an appropriate jwtli , explained the . objects of the meeting , and kB ; for some time on the good effects to he prowj by the Freehold Land Society , showing how , ¦ conomy , the frugal and respectable among the Bluing classes might soon have a voice in the Mature of their country . Dethen called upon Mr . ¦ Wilkinson , who proposed the following resolu
¦ : — " That it is the opinion of thi 3 meeting that ¦ blijects and principles of the National ParliaiBtary and Financial Reform Association merit warnest and unqualified support of every true iftmer in the country , and this meeting pledges flf to use its utmost exertions to enlarge the ' we of its influence . " After explaining , in a B and distinct manner the ori g in , objects , and meets of the Association , he said that throughout ¦ whole countrv there had heen a strong feeling ili ) the necessity of financial reform . The Asso-| Eon had come ' to the conclusion that financial tem alone would have no permanent good effect , lBUseanvnrofliffatc minister might at his
pleaabolish it . ( Hear , hear . ) Parliamentary 1 * m must first he effected , and financial reform J * come in its rear . He then referred to tne J ttics , and to the threatening aspect of affairs in ley . TherewasacasusScHf . Hethenreadan ractfrom a letter of Sir Charles Kapler's , in jft , in alluding to the appointment of supernu-¦ trv officers , the gallant officer showed that the m s " were nearly as hungry after being out of P five years , as the tones after their repose of « a Mr G Pleigh seconded the resolution . feUal comp limentary -jotes were then passedto § &ation and the chair , after which the meetliifoarated .
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sense of humanit y , your honour , commands you to do your duty , by Mag all that is ki + U v ? OWer ' tool ) tai 11 the g ^ eral and unmediateliberation of our afflicted brethren . vat middle-class Liberals are just now bidding for popular support , it would be well h I 7 c Z tai ? some effect ^ e measures in Dehaltof the political prisoners , and thereby give evidence of their svniDathv with th fi ~— TT : SBnSe Ot hUmanitv . VA 1 W UnAii » - , ™ ,. « ,.., J ~
vrorkisg classes . I believe that there has been a sort of unofficial intimation that the Council ot the Parliamentary Reform Association designed to take some steps in this matter ; so far good , although I apprehend that any representations coming from the council of a body banded to effect an organic reform of our political system , is not likely to be very graciously received by the party most onnosed
to such a retorm . A better mode of obtaining an amnesty , if such a thing iB really desired by the middle-class Liberals , would be for the Liberal corporations to address the Queen for such a boon . Since the deaths of Williams and Sharp a fine opportunit y has been afforded to a number of the northern municipalities to have so acted . A few days ago Queen Victoria returned from the Highlands to the Isle of Wight , and , as usual , was pestered the road
on by the presentation of fulsome and ridiculous addresses , presented by t ^ winicipal wiseacres . I presume that the Ketormers" are in a majority in the towncouncils of Newcastle , Derby , and Birmingham . Why , then , did they not put some common sense and common feeling into their complimentary effusions ? Why did they not take advantage of such " an auspicious occasion" to appeal to the Queen , to add strength to " the love of her loyal subiects" bv
extending mercy to all political offenders ? They did not . On the contrary , they stuck to the " geod old way ; " filling their empty-headed concoctions with the usual slavering twaddle and disgusting flummery—so disgusting that the Queen , who is a woman of sense , must ( as the Scotch say ) scunner when she hears even the name—to say nothing of the contents —of a "loyal address" from "the Mayor Aldermen , &c , &c . " '
Perhaps I shall be told that an address which would have included a prayer for the remission of the further punishment of the political prisoners , under the circumstances just noted , would no t have been according to " etiquette . " Would it have been according to humanity ? Would it have been in accordance with the commandment to "Do unto others as you -would be done unto ?* ' If so , why was so good a work not done ? Will the "Reformers" explain ?
Whatever the middle class may do , or leave undone , should not , however , affect the couvse of those whom I speciall y address . I observe that one of the imprisoned Chartists , writing in a contemporary publication , observes that ¦— " The present state of trade in some districts has produced that stateof torpidity which affects an over-fed animal . " Of course he is speaking of the " good trade ' which has for some time past prevailed in the manufacturing districts . But alread y the markets are becoming glntted—alread y the evil day of depressed
trade , short time , closed mills , and starvation , is approaching : nay , for some , has already come . " From various quarters , " says the " Manchester Examiner , " " we hear of manufacturers and spinners adopting short time , and in some cases closing then- mills entirely for the present . Before the end of a fortnight , we shall , in all probability , have to report a considerable diminution of production all over the county , as it is evident , from the tone of shippers , as well as of home-trade buyers , that orders at all adequate to take off the
present rate of production of goods and yams are not likel y to be given out at the rates now current , low although these may be when compared with the price of cotton . " A few weeks since the millocrats were openly violating the Ten Hours' Act , and unblushingly breaking the law , under the pretext that so heavy and pressing were the demands of the home , and foreign buyers , that ten hours work each day was not sufficient to enable them to keep the supply equal to the demand ; but alread y the supply exceeds the demand , and if "the shadows before " faithfully prefigure " coming events , " a terrible winter of privation and sufferins
may yet be the lot of masses of " Hev Majesty ' s happy people ! " I pray it may be otherwise ; but should the evil time come " we shall again behold thousands of perishing operatives emerging into daylight , vowing devotion to democratic princi ples , and demanding leaders to head them . " Will they find " leaders" to run again the course which Jones , and West , and Leach , aud others have run—mayhap to find the doom of Sharp and Williams ?
If the people would be served , let them protect those who devote-themselves to the popular cause . Brother Proletarians , bethink you , that , even should the cholera completely subside , the rigours and miseries of the approaching winter will have to be borne with by the imprisoned patriots , unless you obtain a remission of their punishment . I entreat you to hold meetings , adopt memorials , seek the support of the parliamentar y representatives , and take all other possible means for the instant consummation of this work of humanity philanthropy , and true fraternity .
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— — -= LETTERS ) TO THE WORKING CLASSES . ' LXI . " W < Mds 6 sttS ! &vgs 15 maasman drop of ink Falling-like dew-upon a thought , produces That wtoh makes thousands ? perh ^ nUUious , lDmK % BIBOJT . A FEW MORE WORDS FOR THE POLITICAL PRISONERS TURKEY AND RUSSIA . letters I ITV \ fTTTO nrfiDP-TXTn rvr . „ . .
Brother Prole tarians , I must again urge upon you the necessity of losing no time m preparing , adopting , and transmitog memorials to the government for a general amnes ^ r for political offences . The memorial adopted at the Hall of Science-a copy of ; which appeared in l ast Saturday ' s Mar -will gvve you an idea of the kind of appeal reared . It will b& weB , however , if so meTanation is made in . the wdin « of new memorials faking care that the S prayer " of each and all shall be for the complete remission of the remainder of each prisoner's punishment , includiug "fines , " " sureties to oe of good behaviour , " &c , &c . On the 12 th of September , an article appeared in the " Daily News" on the death of poor Williams , which article , owing to my absence from London at that time , hasouly just come under my notice . The following extract requires comment : —
Joseph TVouams , the Chartist leader as he is called , expire tte other day , in Tothill-fields prison , of cliolera , brought oa by low diet and confinement . Ernest Jones woiddno doubt lose Ms life in a similar way if he had not wealthier fhends . Urns it is , that when a poor man , of no connexion , is convicted of political turbulence , he h condemned to an almost certain death from starvation and ill-usage ; whilst the better class of man , nitli connexions able to support him , is allowed to escape , lne difference of treatment is atrociously unjust on the part of authorities
our . Nay , itis worse than uuiust ; itis m the highest degree impolitic . . A poor man , uninitiated in any secret political society , is earned away by foolish persons to join a seditious row . ile is caught , sentenced , put to hard work and severe punishment , because he is affiliated to no society who will support him inBrison . "WnUst abetter educated man , who may be a member or a pillar of a treasonable society , is allowed to be supported by this society in prison and he ^ excused from piclung oakum and its consequences . Is
lcor Vaiianavras at first supported from without , and in consequence exempted from bard labour . The cliolera comes , and carries off his friends or kinsmen . His weekly stipend , to the gaoler ceases , he is condemned to crimmaland degrading labour . He rebels , is sent to the black-hole , on met stul more scant than prison fare . He fells avicbm to cholera , His punishment , if a nun of W « alth , is imprisonment without labour ; if a man without Tteaita and friends , is imprisonment , hard-labour , and death . Is this eren-handed justice ?
These remarks , so far as poor Wiixiams is concerned , are very creditable to the writer in tiie Daily News ; but he is altogether in error in supposing that any distinction was made between that martyr and the living sufferer , Ernest Jones . The sentences passed on each were equally severe—that on Wiixiams was " Two years' imprisonment on the first count , one week on the second , and to fiud sureties—the prisoner in 100 ? . and Wo friends 50 J . each , to keep the peace for three years . " The sentence on Ernest Jones was " Two years' imprisonment , and to find sureties—the prisoner in 200 ? . and two friends 1502 . each , to keep the peace for five Tears . " I believe I
am correct m stating that after sentence the two captives were treated with equal severity as regards food , clothing , subjection to the oakum picking or a money payment instead , and ail the rest of the pains and penalties inflicted by the prison regulations . Whatever wealth y or aristocratic "friends ' Ernest Jones may have I believe he owes nothing to their sympathy . He was excused from oakum picking only on the same terms that Williams was excused—the payment of five shillings weekly , and that payment was made neither by his " aristocratic connexions "
nor by any " treasonable society . " The latter supposition is a monstrous assumption on the part of the editor of the Daily News . Assuming that journal to be "friendl y" to the political victims , Ernest Jones may exclaim , " Save me from my friends ; " for , even in the event of an amnesty , he would hardly be likely to share the general boon , if the government ( on the authority of the Daily News ) regarded him as the " pillaf of a
"treasonable society , " and as having that society's support . For my friend , I emphatically declare the falsehood of the imputation . Ernest Jones is not , and never was , connected with any "treasonable society ; " and , further , my knowledge of the democratic movement authorises me to declare , that , in connexion with Chartism , no such society ever had existence . They may " manage these things better' —or worse , on the continent ; but Englishmen have no stomachs for such
societies ; they have neither the courage to ruu the risks , nor the fidelity to give the support to each other , so romantically imagined by the Editor of the " Daily Ntws . " Ernest Jones was not only subjected to the " regulation" —the enforcement of which cost WiLLlAMSand SiURPtheirlives-but , like them , he—previous to the death of the former—more than once " rebelled . ^ ' when , on thepayments failing , he was ordered to pick oakum . Very recently he was placed in solitary confinement
, m a cell of the smallest dimensions , and kept thereon bread and water only , for five days . That thus far he has not shared the doom of Wiiijams and Sharp is to be ascribed , not to the leniency of his gaolers , but to his constitution successfully resisting the disease-inducing treatment tinder which Williams and Shakp . succumbed— succumbed to Daatb , but not to their mortal tyrants . They were true heroes who bravely chose , and remaiued steadfast to , the course which
" might lead to death , But never to retreating . " Cholera has raged more or less in most of the prisons . Some weeks ago no fewer than two hundred and fifty cases had appeared in Kirkdale . On becoming aware of this alarming state of things , Messrs . White , West , and the other Chartist captives confined in that prison , addressed a letter to Sir George Grey , apprising him of their danger , and soliciting a remission of the remainder of their sentence . Before any answer was received one of their number was attacked by the cholera , and had to be taken to the hospital ; happily he recovered . Eleven days after OUT fiiends had sent off their letter , the Governor
of the Prison received a communication from the Home Secretary , enquiring into the truth of the fitatement he had received , and the conduct of our friends . A reply was sent , in which the Doctor confirmed the statement as to the danger of the Chartist prisoners , and in -which , there is reason for believing , the Governor reported favourabl y of their conduct . On the 9 th of September , Mr . Wabddjgton returned a final answer , to the effect that Sir GEORGE GREY raw no reason for interfering . An extraordinary decision , considering that not only the Doctor and the Governor , but , I believe , the Chairman of the Visiting Magistrates also , represented to the Home Secretary the desirability of liberating our perse cuted brethren .
I purposely avoid comment on this case which I have brought before you , Brother Proletarians , to show you the necessity of a national effort in behalf of our proscribed friends . If l > y your apathetic indifference you impress the Government with the conviction that our unfortunate brothers are uncaredfor by the masses for whom they laboured , and to whose cause they are suffering , you may
depend upon it that they will have to suffer to the full extent of the sentences passed upo n them . If so , whatever culpability may rest on the Government , it will be as nothing to the sin which will be placed to yonx account . How will y on dare reproach the Government with tyranny or inhumanity , if , by your indifference , you give tacit sanction to the treatment under -which Williams and Sharp have fallen victims , and which may yet doom the surviving prisoners to a like fate ? Your
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THE POLITICAL VICTIMS . Reform jSJK ?* cot ^ d by the Kotting Hill Stth ? ' on Monday evening , Ili !; fii&jji \ Vn T «* tt » OTi , Notting thebestSl ^ f ^ ° P P ° 3 e of considering ical vLS tw f n ° liberation of a 11 P ° ' neahnS ° ^ f f ^ . to the chair , and in a 3 ' 5 S * Z M , d - ? » ects of the meeting , and SfatofflS f , r l thc tllial of "use « nfw-SrmnSi 4 , ? of ^ e continent , ? S S P Jp i m En 2 lan ^ ^ d loth juries and tiSSsivi F rmci P les : toncetheir convictions and severe sentences , f Cheers ) h « -- "Z ! Z ^ J ! " »* HL » ., fOi E » t ' »»»" i .- « tists , weve brought on bv bmirl , „/ , „„»„ , ^ j - —1 ^_^ — nm » iv ^ ii "
g ^ JfcSM&Sii treatment , ana such eonseour > nnivi < vmi . i «« ,.- > % . stvonMy on . the subject S ' ho dated £ u £ S himself to give utterance to his sentiments ( Hear , Mr . T J . Skew : said , On such occasions it would be easy to fly to exciting topics , but he ' t \ Sit temperance and moderation would best serve the cause oi the men now suffering confin ^ S- the men were impruoued , then came ZffiS and death . had resulted-hence it vas not a SrtSJ of logic or reason , but rather one of f JliLS !
near , -ana he fancied that a rather under than overstating of facts , WOuld create the g " eatest impressm at the Dome office , and heat « m tfir purpose . Oakum picking was a degradation , such a degradation that no authorities should be allowed to inflict it on any men , simply because they could ^^ 'Y ^ f hlllin . g ? wook . Justice was a thing that should be neither bought or sold . ( Cheers ) And as it appeared to him that the authorities actec illegally in sentencing the men to a punishment which was not contained in their sentences and as other prisoners had had their sentences commuted and some had been liberated , ho thought government should show that they were not vindfetivethat they bore no malice—and rememberins- v . hat
at the time those men had spoken , almost all classes of men were rejoicing at the success of the Republicans of Prance , he ( Mr . Serle ) hoped the government would at once restore the victims to their families and society . Such conduct would doubtlessl y be received by the victims and people generally with gratitude .. ( Loud cheers . ) Dr . Webb said . As an humble member of the medical profession , he must say he thought the surgeon attached to the prison was more to blame than the govevnment ~( hoar , hear ) -for had lie ( the surgeon ) only said bread and water will weaken the men s constitutions , and predispose them to the prevailing epidemic , the punishment would not have been inflicted . ( Hear , hear . )
The resolution was put and carried unanimously J . Wam > , Esq ., moved thc following resolution — That this meeting fears that a similar predisposition to disease may have been inflicted—ana may turn be m the course of being infticted-upon the other prisoners confined for the same offence and as such punishment , so terrible , is utterly inappropriate to their case , and , indeed , ought never to be inflicted at all , this meeting adopts the memorial to the Secretary of State , now prepared , in the earnest hone that it may lead to their libera-, , ? :. I 11 ™ ' « f the m were ineaveotatod for a Nitioal offence , they ought not to be treated like felons- ( cheers ) -the law had been strained , and the government blamed , but he though the middle i ' " ** " ¦ wugu W 1 U 1 IJ 1 UU 1 U classes
were most blameworth y ; they had been indirectly the cause of what had occurred , by their pompous and willing display as special constables on the 10 th of April . ( Loud shouts of " Henv hear . " ) Yes , this was the outward sign to the government of their feeling , that Chartism was the battle of 'the men of no property , with the men of property ; unfortunately , the middle classes v ? cve much too fond of aping the aristocracy . He ( Mr . Ward ) ( M not like Chartism , —such physical force principles should be repudiated , and any attempt made to wrest property from those who were at least supposed to be its legitimate possessors would bejustly punished . Mr . Ward here entered into a statement of his views of the steps to be taken by
the advocates of reform ; and concluded by statin * his conviction , that the punishment endured haS more than expiated thc offence committed , and hence he moved that resolution . ( Cheers ) Capwix Reed , U . S ., said : Had these men been in America , they would have boon lifted on a chair and extrollod for their patviottsm , but here they are sent to a prison and die , declaring that they expire of starvation . ( Sensation . ) Yours is a froe country and mine is a Republic . ( Hear , hear . ) In cominV to that meetuw he had passed Clwving-oross , anii had been told that the statue on horseback was in memory of Charles the First , the father of many royal bastards , whom the people were even at the present day heavily taxed to rm ; 6 Ucl \ timm would
not bo permitted in his country . And when ho found that everything in this country except mud and potatoes were taxed , and that an enormous sum , more than ten times us much as that exacted by other governments , was wrung from their hard earnings to uphold a lascivious royalty and a corrupt aristocracy—and knowing as he did ' that every one year s expenditure , if pvopfrly applied , would go tar to vehevo and make happy the whole kingdom , he did not wonder that men were discontented , and then of couvse their complaints were seditions , and they were shut up in prison , and thc lamentable result they had now to complain of was the consequence . How long would " Free" England permit such things to continue ? ( Cheers . )
Mr . H . Ross , said : Whilst he rejoiced in the sincerity which had prompted the members of the INotting-liiU association to convene that meeting , he could but regret that so much ignorance should prevail as to cause gentlemen so to libel the principles of Chartism , as to make those principles and violence to person and property , one and tho same . He could not permit such prejudicial statements to go forth uncontradictcd , and defied any one after a perusal of the criminal records to prove that any Chartist had been guilty of crimes against either person or property ? ( Cheers . ) No ; Chartists were men who advocated just principles sincerely , and consequentl y , warmly and energetically . ( Cheers . I lie late movements for which the present political
onenaers were now guttering IL 1 U OCCn mainl y instigated by government spies ; and as the governmental authorities had violated thc law in giving additional punishment to those men over and above that to which they were sentenced , he thought they should make amends by immediately liberating them . In conclusion , he would advise tho gentlemen of the middle class present—as a union of the middle and working classes was of all things desirable to effect further reforms—to come to a , right nnderstandm * , and not sneer at- working men and imagine that in past times the working class were alone to blame , and notto attribute to Chartists or Chartism that with which they or it have never had thc least connexion namely , a desire to commit violence on
either person or property . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Staluvood s . ud he agreed witli Mr . Ward in depreciating the outward si gn exhibited by thc middle classes on the memorable tenth of April , and thought it ; i groat piece of ingratitude for those men to take up a cud gel to break the heads of men tor merely asking for their just rights , tho men so asking being the producers of all wealth . ( Cheers . ) He also must deprecate the idea of mixing up Chartism and physical violence . The Charter contained six great principles , the first of which was Universal Suffrage , or the righ t of every man to have a voice in making the laws he was called on to obey ; hence those principles had nothing to do with either " violence to liie or property . " On the
tenth of April already alluded to , who was it that committed the outrages on property , not the Chartists , for surely they would not charge twelve English jurymen with perjury , and such a iury had brought in a verdict of guilty against Stevens the gipsy and his gang , and they ( Stevens and gan *) wove sentenced to transportation . Chartism was a great and just principle , and the Chartists simplv contended for the recognition of the principle . Tb ' e men undergoing sentence had not been convicted of eithei' " violence to person or property , " but simply for speaking strongl y , andthh was called sedition , which had led to conviction and incarcention-extra punishment , diarrhoea , cholera and | subsequent death of two of them . Of couvse he did
not . charge the governor of the prison , the surgeon , or either the mag istrates , or government with murder , he simply stated the facts of the case , and reiterated that Williams and Sharp were dead . ( Loud erics of "heav hear " and a cry from Captain Reed of " it is murder . " ) He had an interview with Mr . Cobden on Satuvday last , who was of opinion , " that not only the Chartists , but also the juries and judges were . agitated I on the occasion , and -hence the long sentences that were passed ; and this was now so generally admitted that the governmen must feel it , , and consequently would lend _ a willing car . and ho . Ai * ™\
, to grant a general amnesty to all such political offenders . " ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Stallwood said , he notes he heldI in his hand contained rIkUu « aw ™ A ^ J St 5 ? K , luld sir ^ shua Walmsley , and also expressed the pleasure those gentlemen would have maiding m any way , the pfocuraiion ; of a general amnesty . ( Cheers V He TMrStonthat hadbeeaadopted , and thanked tho Not- ting-hill Reform Association f or emvmnw thai ' ntheksi clause of the memorial , it appeared to him to b ambiguous , he and thought ifgorernment felt so disposed they nught take advantage ofit \ wri do as they did n tog Q of , HwryTiSeK
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X Cautobnus abvbstbbeb , writing to his friends says that when he first went to the diggings he nadn t a rag oa his back , but now he % covered with them .
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hn " riS n * k ° P ™ mw » s to Oakham gaol , in Ruthev W * ! & SUch m T s tbe > ' ™» ld tell you 3 K ™ lN ? iTT * f furth 0 P dan ?< * KoSi . - ' thattl ? immc < liate liberation of memor afh ^ n " ° ^ the result ° their s ^ j& ^^ r ^ « the \ ddSn MMi m tUC b ° dy ° ° meetin S sec ° n < fed The Cbaibmas said , it decidedly was intended that tho memorial should convey the meanin " ns expressed hy Mr . Stailwoou ; ami f-Urn Sin ' thought as rt at present stood it did not do sS ll forone should not have the least objection to a . ' few ssaniw ^ ^^^ ^ " " ^ J mmmmtmmmm ^ ammmtimm , , mum
Several persons oxe ' aimed , the last elwae is certainly amb ) guous-it ought to be made ohuiror . Mr . &KBIB said , as the author of tho memorial he had been actuated in the drawing of it up with a desire to serve the prisoners , and hence its peculiar mildness . lie thought its meaning was immediate iteration ; but , nevertheless , ho had no objection to add the following words ; - " And which can be only cttected by their immediate liberation " ( Cheers . ) Mr . Serle then lectured the working classes as to the mode in which they should comport themselves , and receive instruction to fi them for the use of their ri ghts when they obtained them . Mr . WinB concurred with Mr . Serlo . Mr . Slim-wood was happy that his addition was concurred in , but warmly repelled the insinuations
" contained in Mr . Serle ' s lecture , and said—if theworking and middle classes were to work and co-? f r *\? i H , S ctheil > ! l diffwent mode than that of Mr . Serle ' s must he adopted to ensure that union as tho working classes possessed- so much spirit , knowledge , and independence , to submit to insult . Ihcy asked no favour , but simply their rights as men . They feel that those rights would be easiev and quicker in their attainment by a union of the two classos-but rather than submit to such indignity , they would allow those rights to y emain in abeyance for anotlier half century ( Cheers . ) They were prepared to treat the gentlemen of the middle class with all becoming rSspcct , but they , as men , were determined to be treated with respect , and with such an understanding they would proceed together to the common goal . ( Hear , hear . ) . °
Ml . Ross also emphatically repelled the lecture of Mi . Serle . After a few words from Mr . Ward , the second resolution and memorial , as amended , was unanimously adopted amidst loud cheers . On the motion of Messrs . lloss and Sxmlwood , a vote of thanks was given to the Chairman , for his urbanity and impartiality , and the meeting separated . a
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i ^ p ^ Ksrii *' ^ xip ^ ^ tBiB S , l ^ Stowtog m meatiad cause faZZ plaint this could never be done , and he was of opinion that agitation was wholesome and necessary—ay , oven had they the Charter tomorrow it would be necessary—in order to achieve a proper social position . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Holder having made a few brief remarks , the memorial was unanimoiislp adopted . Ml _ ,,,
< Stallwood moved "That their chairman Mr . E . Miles ) and other electors of Southwavk , torn a deputation to wait upon Mr . Alderman Humpavey , one of the members for the borough , and re-? £ n ir £ «?""» - < ltbo memorial to its destine t \ t- M AII ' .. Sta » wood stated that ho had received teSg 7- ' ^ 1 CttmWhich Jl ° AVOuld mdt 0 th » Eastbourne , Sussex , September " 9 th isiq Sib _\ our note of the 87 th taMantlusjnrt reached L teasiiriSS StsrA-ffe'iS but I expect to meet him on Wednesday at Xonvich ' I am , 4 c , * J . walmslet . Sip ti . 1 - ' Woslboiu' » e-terracc , Fridny Mornin » m « , ' 7 1 I aVejustreccivctl . vom > ll 0 ' . on my return to town and bestosay , in rc ] , ) v , ) wt j d ' ,, ' „ * , 1 ™™ J »
o clock , jf convenient to yourself ! i « . » l « And am ; Sir , &e ., Jircir . Coj . de . y . < s . » _ " ley . Hall . Great Yarmouth , 29 th Sent . W ) p ocuimeu l ) j her Majesty ' s government for lioliticil o 4-fences at home and abroad . I should willingly forward t ouwe tne ijth otOctobev , at tho soonest . 1 shall Wv ever , hear from Mr . Cobden , and act accordingly ' " " Iain"S : c- > -Josemi Hume . Mr . MAjfxz , m seconding the motion said , that tho letters just read showed that all cUn » M were TZlu mf ° n t , . quostion of the 'mneffi lie could not sec what reason could be adduced against the liberation of these men . Other „*« ££
nan proclaimed amnesties , and he thought England should not be behind in her work ofniercv Tha men were convicted of sedition , * hich , ii& u £ pnemy , was an indefinable offence . He honed that government would not be blind totheSpnoHunS but that it would liberate the jSSJfflZSk and elevate he condition of tha Wring classes By tie agitation and exertion of thc working classes oombmed with others , tho Reform Bill Imd been obtained , and by the same means judiciousl y car-^ r ^ 2 S ) ta ^ MidUMir 5 « ta The resolution was unanimousl y adopted A ^ 2 *!« " >!» wa * given b y acclamation to the SSKhift b - l 0 fiy ackn . o ^ god the compliment , and the business terminated
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GENERAL AMNESTY FOR POLITICAL PRISONERS . A public meeting of the inhabitants was held at the South London HaH , Blackfriars-road , on Wednesday evening , October 3 rd , for tho purpose of memorialising her Majesty for . the immediate release of the Chartist prisoners . Air . Edward Mills presided , and having briefly explained the objects of the meeting , Mr . Clark moved the following resolution : — "That when circumstances render thc punishment of political offenders necessary , a broad distinction ought to be made in thei y treatment from that of persons convicted of crimes against person and property ; and seeing that in thc case of tho political prisoners confined in thc House of Correction
Westminster , and such other gaols in these dominions , such distinction has not been mad © , this meeting is of opinion that the seventy of the treatment , and the terms of incarceration which they have endured , has simply satisfied the requirement of the law ; and this meeting emphatically declares itself in favour of the release of all persons who are at present suffering imprisonment for political offences . ' Mr . Clark said , political offenders diffoied very materially from other offenders , as regards morality ; and this class of offenders were generally men possessed of move than an average snare of intelligence , and their liberation would show that the government was not vindictive ; and when the sufferings and privations endured by the wives and
families of those victims , and the already long incarceration endured by the men themselves were considered , he thought that all reflecting and humane men would come to the conclusion , that the punishment had more than expiated the offence , as the evidence adduced at the inquest on Sharp had shown that their treatment had been eqnal in severity to that of felons , ( llcsvv , W . ) This he deemed a great injustice , and certainl y could not have been contemplated when the sentence was passed ; and be it remembered ; when Henry Hunt , William Cobbett , Sir John ITobhouso , and Sir Francis Burdett were prosecuted and imprisoned for a like oftence , they were not subjected to tho peculiar punishment axroded in the prison to William ?
Sharp , Ernest Jones , and his compatriots . If government did not bear malice against thc Chartists they would incline to thc side of mercy , nnd lend a willing ear to their uvivyev . It had \> een frequently observed that Ireland was not treated with equal justice to England ; but he thought Ireland had the advantage over England as regarded the treatment of her political oftcVidevs , yot the Irish agitators generally , were men of fortune and education , and were therefore to be supposed to know more of the consequences of their agitation than tho humble Chartists . Well . John Mitchel ' s sentence is commuted to banishment ; and behold how differently was W . S . O Bricn treated while in prison to our Chartist prisoners ' . Look . a «!\\ v \ . n . v . ttin in *
Daniel O Conncll holding daily levees in his prison , whilst the English prisoners were not allowed to see their relatives or dearest friends even once in three months , or even to communicate by letter to them . ( Ikav , heav . ) The present Prime Minister had been at the head of a political agitation—indeed vlon j P . ' 08011 * elevation to tho agitation of 18 J 2 , and surely he could not plead the mitigating circumstances adduced in the case of Cuffay anS his compatnots-the destitute condition of their wives and families and that of tho producing classes generally . He thought the government would do well to follow the example set by the President of the Republic of France and grant an amnesty , as the only crime those men had committed was that
they loved their country too well . " ( Cheers . ) Mr . \ V . Sixon , in seconding the resolution , said the men had been committed fov sedition , and it appeared that sedition meant "bringing tho "overning Party into contempt , " and really if men spoke tvuttihedid not see how they could fail to bring that party into contempt . ( Hear , hear . ) Men should never hold up their hands but for such measuves as they were prepared to carry out—the punishment of the victims was most cruel in prison . Fussell had his bread stopped for merel y hummin " a hymn , and Bezor was punished for sincine a po £ tion of the church service . ( Shame . ) He trusted that the resolution would bo adopted , and tnat the present effort would prove successful . ( Chcers . 1
ilie resolution was unanimously adopted . Mr . Barer moved a similar memorial to that adopted at the Ball of Science , and alluded in forcible terms to tho vicious principles of the act of parliament that relieved misdemeanants from oakum picking who could pay five shillings per week , and inflicted the degradation on those who perhaps had move exalted spirits but yet were too poor to pay . ( Cheers . ) This law had been passed in the day * of George IV ., when Tom and Jevrv larks prevailed . He contended that this disgraceful Statue should be at once erased from the statUC book . He ( Mr , IJaker ) had known the victim Williams , for move than ten years , and believed thatUc never bad been cuiltv of anv oftmrno s . m-o
the one for which ho had been convicted , and in undergoing which sentence he had died . Hail the five shillings per week been paid nothing would have been saw about a few kindles of oakum less having been picked—no , the five shillings pev week would have been pocketed and nothing said ; but laws were passed in thc prison which never would be allowed to pass out of doors . ( Hear , near . ) These men had been picked out for prosecution for their honest , devoted , and unbounded love of democracy . ( Loud cheers . ) In the whole course of his existence he had never met with sueh an example of undeviating honesty and integrity of purpose as the late Mr . Williams . Why should those prisoners be kept in confinement when not one single reason could be
adduced for so doing ? Even Punch , although it had often been witty at the expense of poor Cuffiiy , had raised its voice in favour of their liberation . This cleavly indicated tho merciful feelin * abroad in their behalf , and he had much pleasure in moving the adoption of the memorial . ( Cheers . ) Mr . 1 \ M'Gbath said , he was moved by two contending emotions—pain and pleasure pabr that a necessity should exist for such < 1 procedure -and pleasure in doing bis duty on behalf of those unfortunate men , and ho thought it impossible that ho could have a better or a strons-or case Mr ' j Clark bad truly said tho majesty of ' tho law had been move than vindicated . Two of tho men had already fallen martyrs to that system to which they had been ed
already subject . Wo do not meet tonight so much to deplore the lossof those men , as to serve the great object of opening the prison doors of the captives . We propose to ask for their unconditional release . The wives and families of those men avo . -from the incarceration of their husbands and fathers-now in the direst distress , and he wonld impress on every person in the Hal ! to place their sympathy in a tangible shape , by subscribing to the Victim Fund , and surely they would find consolatwn m appeasing the hunger of poor room had just handed over to him lOs . lid . she had collected to-day for tlwt purpose , and he « h P «! L M ^ I > le v ? uW b 0 Allowed . ( loud fi SLS- - ? ) Xonl J H uotei 1 Baron Rolfo ' s del aefcReasediUoaastQ m ^ jj impossible for any
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- «« h- THE LATE CHARTIST PRISONERS . . ( From tho Nottingham Mercury of Sept 21 ) The death of another of thc Chartists in prison , opens up some considerations to the nublio mind 2 ? 5 £ & t v , ssuided racn - ^ K cZot but advert to on the present occasion . The first of these is , the novel practice , as it appear 7 tous of commuting the sentence against f priSo 5 mm " r g ™ l ' - b ? - the p ; iyment of a wceul / sum of money from h . s friends or relatives . FiveshilZgl ; £ , " » ' was Paid by the poor relatives of wmums and Sharp for their exemption from tho labour and deg radation of oakum LL » ..
what was this but transferring apor wa of to punishment due to the guilty-ifdue S-to \ h S KB ? f f , "" 0 Cent wives and children or W i , " ^ Pf »*» . or relatives , or friends ? vwiy , tins appears to us as one of the most monstrous perversions of justice with which wo hive «« come . m contact . How manjSore of the Chartist prisoners there arc whose hapless families nro being made to suffer a vicarious punishment for » ns not their own , we are unable to SSurobut we hope , fov the credit of the oouiTftms " and Sharp are tho two only instances . ' 1 the crime of which thc prisoners had been guilty really deserved that hard labour si o « ld he added to confinement-it ought not to have been mitigated for the payment of moi . « v nfJ f
£ 3 lK ? Sl ° ff ' ' Y ady ' ^ 'Vs Educed to all but the lowest stage of md gencc bv the inear' nf if " th nlT bani 1 ' ft fcthw ' . ViVSS ? : and it the otience was not of a nature iustlv tn tff S * ° f dC > 1 ' ^ ¦ "fl ^ tion of Lrd tboS -tnen , the sentence of imprisonment ought net to have included , to men of high spirit , thnt mortify rag addition to their punishment V i . iVkLT and doS ™( iinS punishment . of oakum picking is as we always understood , reserved in gaol discipline , for the idle-the dissouto-andit ho vulgar profligate inmates of our prisons and penU toutiam . i : but it could not be said , that , as a S , £ n Th P ™ i ° f ? T " c a 11 men ° * this descviption . They might bo danng-they mi ght bo dangerous-they were , certainly , misguidea mej-fiut bj no fair application of language could thev be
es . gnateu cither as habitually idle , or oiligate X « -T OP " " 0 " . tllerofore ' t ! " > Punishment of o . ikum-pickmg added to the sentence of imprisonment , was an unnecessary and unjustifiable infliction of the law . Out of China we should ,, ot have « - pected that wi ves nmi children , and parents , should be made amenable to tl > e offended laws of tho country , for the offences of husbands , and f £ en , anu sons ; but it seems we were mistaken . So Im * SS ^ r ^^^?^ ^ " " ' ^!!!^ oy starving or ovevworkmi ? themsnlvos ao , tn . » fi ,, i
shillings per week out of their earnings , to pay to tie governor of the Westminster House of Comct on ( for what object , it does not clearly appear ) , the Chartist prisoner was free from the degradation and contamination of the oakum room ; but when tuey could no longer furnish the necessary funds , the unfortunate man % vas ordered to perform that work-ins spirit rebelled at the degrading empWment-when he was by a decision of magistrates placed in solitary conhncment-fod on bread svvid water for six days-and eventuall y killed by the cholera , then known to bo raging within the prison . All this , we say , is bad-shocking bad : a disgrace to the jurisprudence of tho country . We have no tear ot being accused of undue sympathy with the thartists-more especially as relates to some of their ^ L v T ! r an d . ^~ we woul ( 1 n <> t ha ve cruelty practised towards anv man—w « w «« , m ™ t
have injustice done to the vilest criminal , and more especiall y under the form of the Uw . But the question now arises , has not enough been done to satisfy justice , and deter from a repetition of their foolish offences , by the punishment which the Chartist prisoners have already undergone ? and would not a gracious remission of the remaining terms ot their imprisonments be nvoductive of wove real advantage to the state than a further prolongation of them ? We entertain the opinion that such would be the case ; and therefore should be glad to sec such a course adopted by tho government The uay of monster meetings , and monster petitions , and such ike political fooleries-tbc genuine progeny of ill-trained C ' eltieaninds—with attemts to
p accomplish , by violence , social and political improvements among nations possessing even a shadow oi constitutional freedom , is , in our opinion , gone lor ever . The late and passing , events ,, on the continent of Europe , have convinced ' we believe even the most moon-struck Chartist , or revolutionist , in this country , of tlicf&lly of attempting to remove public grievances by a recourse to barricades , and pikes , and pistols , or indeed to outrage of any description , as for the great body of thc ChartUu , themselves , we are- quite certain ,, from repeated conversations with active-minded , ii > telli <* oni men among them , of all classes , that wiuist still fii-mlv adhering to the political principles hevctofore advo ' - cated among their body , they are thoi-ouehlv
asuameu oi the means b y which ,, in past , times , it has been sought to give establishment to them among the social and political institutions of the country . They are Chartist * still-but i > & longer revolutionary demagogues , or tha , dupes of demagogues . Keasoa and experiefico have , vr . » believe exerted a most beneficial influence over their minds ' they are cured of their delusions and more than tins need not be desired . They are perfectly Justifiable in seeking to spread tkoiv wineipfes fev Wason and feu- argamenbiUon-und nothing ' farther than hvrhlnT 7 T ly 5 « lieve ' - would cvei : Sea ^ mptcd by the Chartists . The release , thcrofftvo . of all
norsons connected with the qhutist mooting * and disturbances of 1848 , we entertain thc opinion , would be no lew » humane than a politic measure on tho , Sit f * - S " ? ^ gwevnment , and be haileOi with satisfaction by ths nation genacally .
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The Hibernu . — 'ifhis powerful ship , which Stl'UCfe ^ upon a rock , and had to bo seasick from British Amenca for repairs here , wenk intff thc Seciionat Dry Dock , near ? ike-slip , oa Monday , undeii- tho care of Messrs . MTherson as 4 Gray , shipwat « htg nd caulkers , vj > io have abov it fifty men at w . ork on her stem and keel , which have received so . much damage that hi will probably be- tho ends of the week before- she gets afloat again . Had not tho Iibernia been a very stvoag-built vessel ,, she would lave been wrecked ; no ordinary shi p c « uld ever have got off that rock again . The coppey is stripped oft in part , and all tho heel of tho sfom and the . fomsdpart of the keel , and dowhiwrf , and heelt of cants arc cavnod away ; full eight feet up t £
stvoyed . The rook on which' rt ^ Eaf ffi anhow , she&nwt have struck upon with tlffi force . To prevent tho water fvonVfillin . tU Jk £ ¦ they promptly built a box and cauCtt o " 6 Sl ^ SSfl
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RECEIPTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . ?« B THE WSXS ESDIKQ THCBSDAT , October 4 , 18 i 9 . SHARES . & a . d . £ s . d . MosScy .. .. 0 9 0 A . Hayes .. 1 d 0 Bury .. .. 119 8 Carlisle .. .. 2 0 0 Kottingham 0 18 6 . £ 6 7 2 EXPENSE FUND . ¦ * " ¦ " Alfreton .. .. 0 2 0 Kotttingham .. 0 2 0 Sou ., .. 0 2 0 CMowlT .. 0 1 6 0 7 6 MONIES RECEIVED FOR THE ? UECHASE OP MATH 0 N . W . W ., Todding- j . s . Ajn ^ j . m Q 0 AoiitoiiS !! *^" * 200 < J IV . 1 ' ., Sheffield WOO ^ 82 ~ 0 ~ 0 TOTALS . iindFund G 7 o Expense ditto J | ^ K d ^ ::: - - »•• Sf " : ::: « 3 § EeatsfromAilottees . ' .: ;;* . " ; ^ J * £ UB 19 c "W . Dixos , C . Boixb , ~——T . Clahs , Cor . Sec . P . M'Gbath , Pin . Sec . RECEIPTS OF THE ItlTIAHII 1 1 U n nnitnillo
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IHl ——¦— m WsLal of out wealthiest English rapitalisls , in-Kiome memoera of the Iondon corporamm ** eTfonned themselves into a jomt-stock i ^ for the po «* ase of the estenare Conne-P& ^ i fte ^ Cfewfcft .
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| j | NOTICE . | « FJURMS " OX SALE . fM I am instructed by the Directors to announce ' ¦ 1 f *«« Mdding for the ri ght ef location upon the I ilowiagiarms , will close oa Thursday , the 25 th ; | ibepresent month .
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~ m AT O'COXXORTILLE . */ . jj ONE TWO ACBE FARM . 1 AT LOWBAXDS . j TnREE TWO ACRE FAKMS . 1 AT CIIAUTERTTLLE . FOUR TWO AGUE FARMS . ¦ : $ TLe persons giring the lugliest sums wiU have the X at of loeatioi ! awarded to them immediately . ; .. ? I am further instructed to announce that parties J irchasmg the right of location from any of the I « ent occupants , without complying with the J a for the payment of the demands " of the Com-; $ * r » wili be ejected , besides having their soods ia ?' - ops sold for arrears of rent . This course of ijjjrwediire will be enforced instantly against any < jnt » either renting or purchasing the occupaucy ^ tftuc four acre farm at Lowhands , at present held fpy yir . Renham , without paying the charges due uagaiisi the farm , and which amount to a sum exiHJeedhg £ S 0 . Thomas Claki ^ iJS Corresponding Secretary .
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F - ? U MACNAMARA ' S ACTION . Kff , ! £ 5 SfiSP * x **^ " * - FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . [ BccfcjredbyW . EroEC-Jfottingljam , Cot Hutdunson , I Iier « , ' ^^ ;? S- L ? n 0 Sr ? ti Chepstow , 8 d ; Newcastle ' I per M . . lude , 6 s . « . ; Kendal , per J . Embley , Ss . I EXPENSE AT INQUESTS ON WILUAMS AND SHARP . I Beccved by W . BiDEt-Leicester Chartists , per W BratUworth , 2 s 6 a . . I FOR WDOWS OF THE Up MESSRS . WILUAMS I AND SHARP , I Received by W . Bntt . 8 .-C . SpiinghalL Korwich , Is . CO , ; I « <» f f ^ T % . SilTer ^ toeet , 6 i ; J . Hunter , Sew ' B Brook , Sfcofley Bridge , as .
CUFFAY AND OTHERS . Eectived by W . Bideb . —Lynn , per J . Scott , as . FOR MRS- JONES . Eccdved by W . Rn > E £ .-J . Stansfida , Eotherham , Is . B Oiir friends , who send us long lists of names of sub-M ff ^«^ 4 nnfl ^ ? owBieia « Br merely giring m the names of the towns and remitters , with , the amount m srat Oursracewdlnot aUowofmore .
M DEFENCE FUND . Ill K * ctlvfcdb - ' r - ' » s .-Portsea , perilr . Stroud . lOs . IS 0 EBT DU £ T 0 THE PRINTER . Krff * t 1 n CtiBK—Westminster LocaUty , 15 s . ; gg C . ^ . M . Beynolds , Esq ., £ 22 s . ; Mr . Walter , AVorcester , 1 ^ The money for Westminster was received three weeks IS ^ aiid was paid to jfr . H-Gwaa on ths day on whiefc IIS 3 t waS receiTea 1 > S me , but has not been acknowledged in lHS tie ^ tarl'reviousIy- T . CtAsK .
|) 9 | VICTIM FUND . BlilL Bt ^ lve * V& Boonhasi .-Westminster , John Markall fei ^ . f ' ^ ^^ EUiott » - '«•/ Hastings , per B ^ fi i ^ ' V aFnend ' « Ktto ls . ; Mr .-6 > ung , Hoston n ^ T , ' r * J- tx * % ? ' 4 ? ? ' S "• - Btownfida , Holton , Is . ; W&t $ } ^^ HeatIl . « enwch , asperbooli , 10 s ? lid . ^^^^ olwied atthe Hall of Science , CjQr-road , after an appeal K ^ iaas CoO !« r , £ 2 Ts . TJi ; Mf . Sturgeon , O'CouSw-^ Or . ]* r J Anwtt , is . ; Mr . Bider , 17 s ; ° South London mam ^ e " ^ 3 s - - ^ Babb ' » J ««>^ 6 d .
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For this week I can but direct your attention to the important news froai Turkey . The Turkish Sultan—setting an example which might make Christian Powers blush for their want of humanity—has nobly refused to give up the Hungarian aud Polish refugees to the Imperial murderers—Nicholas aud Francis . On this decision being made knova
to tho representatives of Russia and Austria , those worth y agents of the Tsar and Kaiser forthwith broke off "friendl y relations " with the Turkish Government , and the special messenger of Nicholas— a ruffian named Eadzitil—took his departure from Constantinople , vowing war and vengeance against the Turks , and threatening them with all the horrors of his diabolical master ' s hatred .
The Turks—nothing daunted—are preparing for war , In the confident belief that they will be aided by " civilised Europe ; '' but , any way , determined to defend the sacred principles of Justice , Humanity , and Hospitality . In all likelihood the question of peace or war is by thi 3 time decided on b y the Autocrat . A Cabinet Council was held at the Foreignoffice on Tuesday , when it may be presumed instructions were agreed upon to forward to Sir Stbatfobb Canning . It remains to he
seen what those instructions are ; but one thing I will say , that if British armed support is not tendered to the Sultan by the Government , ifc must be b y the people ; and the people must , if need be , cosset the Govern- ' ment to obey the national will . If the Turks are forced to draw the swpvd in defence of the common rights of humanity , Englishmen will ind eed stamp themselves ' a nation of cowards and traitors , if they do not rush i nto the conflict . and give their utmost aid , at any cost , to the gallant defenders of the unfortunate Hungarians .
Why not at once determine the fortunes of Europe b y cutting the throat of the Russian Bear ? It is a job that must be done some flay—and the sooner the better . Why wait till the savage has gorged the blood and flesh of more nations , and become strong enough to menace this country with the same doom ? 0 ! for another Peter the Hermit , to preach the new crusade ! oc ^ im " ^ "w nraa
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October 6 , 1849 . „ , „„ THE NORTHERN STAR - — 5 I ¦» mim u , —«^^ - V
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1542/page/5/
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