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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Such , then , iB an outline of the measures now in progress for the education of the pauper children . It win be seen that they involve an entire revolution of the system hitherto in use and , with respect to this class of the community , at least provide a c onsecutive and harmoinously-constacted piece of educative machinery , which it may be hoped will , in time , pioneer the way to the enjoyment of similar advantages by the children of the "independent lahourer . " Oneof the great objections to the establishment such a systematic method of pauper training is , that it will give pauper children an advantage over those of the labourer who maintains his family by the sweat of his brow ; and that the children who are thus educated and trained will become so supenor that they will be preferred for ac-Such , then , iB an outline of the measures now in progressi for the education of the pauper
tions . Beits o Theonl yeffectof thatwould be , that hi self-defence the " independent labourers" would demand , at least , equal ad Yantages for their children ; and thus the educational arrangements of the whole countrv would be improved . } ^ Nothing can be more monstrous than to snantain a growing army of paupers , in the midst of ignorance and evil communications at aa immense annual cost , with the express object of making them inferior to a class who
are admitted to be very much neglected and uneducated themselves . Such a suicidal policy cannot but re-act most injuriously , not only on the moral , but the material condition of the nation . An improvement at the basis of society implies , of necessity , a corresponding elevation of the whole superstructure Those who are now content with conscious inferiorit y , or mediocrity , because there are others worse than themselves , would be then supplied with a constant incitement to
exertion and improvement , from which society must necessarily , largely , and generally ienefii Ignorance and poverty are the twin fountains from which flow the great evils of | ociety . Let us stop them up at the fountainhead , by a superior education . Atruly-edu ¦ cated people could never remain subjected -either to political slavery , or to social evils of a remedial character . Ignorance perpetuates—knowled ge would destroy both .
TheKeports of the Inspectors contain anunv oer of most important facts , as to the value and importance of spade culture in itself , and , as an indispensable accessory to a sound system of youthful training , which we must take another occasion to lay before our readers .
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RECEIPTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPAN / For the "W eek Esraso Thbbsday , OciOUEE 25 , 1849 . SHARES . s s . d . £ s ( L C Il 0 SSen " o Bennondsey .. 0 5 0 3 ferfh \ r , Jones .. 2 7 6 47 n n Brighton , Giles 2 16 = ^^ MONIES RECEIVED FOR THE PURCHASE OF MATHON . -3 . M ., Inverkeith- H . W ., StHaiiers 128 0 0 ing .. .. 181 0 0 £ 2 C 8 0 0 TOTALS . £ uldFun ] d 7 0 0 Expense ditto 0 2 6 | onos ditto 6 0 0 S" ™ " * Olo Mathon 203 0 0 Hents from Minster and Sni g ' s End ... 42 13 0 JE 323 16 ~~ W . Decojt , C . Dotle , ""~™ " ~~ T . Clark , Cor . Sec . P . M'Grath , Fin . Sec . EXECUTIVE FUND . Eecdrea by W . Kideb . —Nottingham , per J . Sweet , Is . TOR COSTS OF MACNAMARA'S ACTION . Receired by W . Bideh . —Nottingliam , per J . Sweet , Cd .-JPreston , V . Parkinson , Is . 2 d . OEBT DUE TO THE PBIHTER . Received by W . Kideb . —Nottingham , per J . Sweet , Gd . Heeeivedby S . Bookham . —Lower Warley , 3 s . DEFENCE FUND . Received by S . Boosham . —Bermondsey , 2 s . Gd . ; Lower "Warley , 2 s . Gd . FOR WIDOWS OF THE LATE MESSRS . WILLIAMS AND SHARP . Received by W . RiDEK—Leeds , per R . F . Wray , Ms . Birmingham , J . Baldwin , Esq ., per J . Netvhouse . 1 L ; Wai lingford Chartists , per C . Phillips , Gs . ; Norwich , per C SpringhalL as . ; Xorwick . per J . Sergcn , 4 s . 4 d . ; W . Parl Idnson , Preston , per J . Brown , Is .
FOR MRS * JONES . Receired by w . Rideb . —W . Bullock , Biggar . Id . Re-• ceived by S . Boosham . —H . B ., per B ., Sewley , Cd . TO EXEMPT PSISONERS FROM OAKUM PICKING . Received by S . Boo . vhasl—Mr . Ilolyoake , 10 s . FOR THE AGITATION OF THE CHARTER . Received by S . Boosham . —Bermondsey , 2 s . Cd . ; lower ¦ War ley , 6 s . Received bv W . Rideb . —Bristol fiiends jper C . Clark , 2 s . 10 d . ; J . Taylor , Stour Provost , Is . ; J . C , Siversedge , near Leeds , Is . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by YT . Rideb . —Bradford , per R . Minns , 2 s . Gd . ; 4 x . andR . Dixon , Melton Jlowbray , 2 s . ; Kottingham , per 3 . Sweet , Is . 3 d .. ; Wallingford Chartists , per C . Phillips , 6 s . ; A few Sailors , Paisley , per a Robertson , 2 s .: Wingate Grange , per W . Norman , 3 s . 5 i ; Preston , per J , Brown ,
VICTIM FUND . Received by S . Boosbasl—William Jomlin , Is . ; Berjnondsey , 2 s . Gd . ; Gl « be and Friends , Is . Gd . ; Crown and Anchor . Is . ; Lower Warley , 8 s . Gd . ; Sons of Freedom , per BeDjamic Ifewley , 2 s . Id . ; Hr . Rider , 19 s . lid . —Total jffH 8 s . 6 d . ^
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NATIONAL LAOT ) AND LABOUR BANK . NOTICE . This Bank will be closed to the public on Tuesday next , 30 th instant , in consequence of the general Holyday on the occasion of Her Most Graciou 3 Majesty's Visit to the City . All letters reaching the Bank on Tuesday will "be answered the following day . By Order , Thomas Price , Manager 493 , New Oxford-street , 27 th Oct ., 1849 .
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JUDGE'S CHAMBERS . Tbipibee v . O'Cossob . This was an action in the . County Court of Marylebone for the recovery of £ 5 , paid by the plaintiff as a " member , " to the defendant as a " promoter " of the National Land Company . Thedefendant now applied for a certiorari on an affidavit , alleging that the matter in dispute was one involving a large number of small sums , similar in amount to that sought to be received , and which , in the aggregate , amounted to more than £ 70 , 000 ; and that there were several legal questions arising out of the action of great importance and difficulty—whether
the Scheme was legal or illegal , under the Joint Stock Companies Act , or under the act for the abolition of lotteries ; whether the plaintiff having pud voluntarily , and been a party to all the proceedings , could now recover his money ; the defendant ' s affidavit also stated that the Queen's Bench Jiad granted a mandamus , the return to which ¦ would raise the present and several other questions . Ihe Judge ( Mr . Justice Talfourd ) called upon the solicitor for the plaint iff to say whether these statements were true , and it was admitted that they were so ; but then it was contended that the application was too late , inasmuch as it now ^ ted but two days to the hearing in the . County « wt . the solicitor also complained of the hardtne
ship U bis client , who was not ol aDnity to war K ««» fes& s » siKS offside , in whichthecasethep lamtiff was whoUy unaware of the writ until the names were called m Court : and as to the expense of trying the dispute risewhere , that was a circumstance which could not ^¦ remedied . He considered that the questions to be raised in the action were of very great lmport-£ Si * and ought to be tried by a Supenor Court , ^ tbemorlso , as if the judgment then given was ™? StiSrv ! it could be reviewed in the Ex « Jheauer offir , and afterwards in the Douse of iS : He granted ihe ' fertwran .
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LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES LX 1 V . "Words are things , « nda small drop of ink wsrea&Shv ^ ^^ BIBON . THE POLITICAL VICTIMS M 0 I ? tt ^ TJ ? I 0 TS MUR DER ED IN HUNGARY AND GERMANY . Brother Proletarians , ^ 11 * " ** t ! of Saturday last contain * the hoIera LETTERS " ' TO THE WORKINft ri \ a so ™
. ?!„ t ° lF ' ***^ 3 S labours to show that that disease is occasioned by unpaired or over-mat « hed digestive powers produced by the quantity or ^ uality of the au ^ TV ^ a b " o ^ continuou antece dent penod ; and that its attacks are aggravated or accelerated by impure air , nncleadmoss d 66 cien teXercise ; mental anxiety , or other adventitious circumstances kuovra to influence the general health .
Pursuing his argument , the Editor of the spectator" observes that : —" The cases of the two unhappy Chartists , who lately , and almost simultaneously , died of Cholera , in prison , afford a forcible and practical illustration . Chagrin , water-gruel , sudden transition to inaction and close confinement , appear to have destroyed themJ " The verdict of the " Spectator" I deem of
! much more authority than the verdicts of shopocratical juries—slaves of routineand prejudice , and ever ready ( with rare exceptions , BUch aa the Calthorpe-street jury , ) to bolster up an iniquitous system , and unfeeling executioners of oppressive laws , by ascribing to the operation of natural disease , and the " visitation of God , " effects which justly should be charged to man ' s wickedness , and inhumanity to his fellow creatures .
A human being stabbed to death by an assassin might be said to die of loss of blood ; but the voice of justice would very properly pronounce the act of stabbing the victim , Mubder . Possibly "Williams and Sharp died of Cholera ; but the Cholera , as might have been foreseen by the parties concerned , was occasioned by the victims being subjected to ( worse than water-gruel ) bread and water only , close confinement , and mental torture . " Crowner ' s Quest Law " acquitted the prison officials and their masters of all blame . So be it . "Rich
men rule the laws , " and the poor must submit . It will , nevertheless , be as well for the people to bear in mind the " Spectator's" most just and true verdict on the deaths of poor Sharp and Williams . I understand that , on Tuesday evening last , ameeting of Metropolitan Chartists -washeldat Anderton ' s Hotel , Fleet-street , for the purpose of establishing a committee to raise a fund
for the benefit of the widows of the late Josepii Williams , and Alexander Sharp . Aprinted circular , requestingmy attendance at the meeting , only reached my hands on Wednesday eve—twenty-four hours after the meeting had taken place—otherwise I would have been present to have assisted ia the formation of the committee ; or , had I found it impossible to have attended , j would , at least , have
accounted by letter lor my absence . I understand that a committee has been appointed , and a sub-committee selected , for the purpose of preparing an address to the public , calling attention to the suggested testimonial . It is tots hoped , that when the address shall be published in this and other journals , that some active man hi every locality , where Chartists exist , will be found to bring the subject before ihe few " good and true , " who will , in turn , address themselves to the many ; I trust , with immediate and most successful results . Popular neglect of the families of the martyrs would be a dark stain upon the working classes generally , and the Chartists in particular .
Ihe initiative as regards the proposed fund for the Widows of Williams and Shakp , has been taken by the Chartist Council of the Tower Hamlets . The Chartists of the Cripplegate locality are also moving in a good work , second only to that of providing for the living , namely , the paying of due honour to the patriotic dead . I am requested to state that the Cripplegate Chartists are working with energy to secure the erection of a monumental testimonial of public regard for the memories of WILLIAMS and
Shabp , and Hakshard—the young man who died of the injuries inflicted on him by the police , when the latter were engaged in forcibly and brutally dispersing a Chartist meeting held at Bonner ' s Fields , in the summer of 1818 . It is intimated to me , that funds are wanting to carry out the praiseworthy design of the Cripplegate Chartists . While earnestly appealing to all haters of oppression to give their aid to this sacred work , I respectfully suggest to my Cripplegate friends , thepropriety of briefly stating—through an address or adver tisement—the ldnd of
testimonial they design to erect , and the sum necessary for that purpose , at the same time giving the name of some gentleman possessing public confidence ( such as Mr . O'Conjjok , or Mr . George Thompson , or Mr . W . D . Saul , or Mr . George Rogers ) , who will consent to act as Treasurer . Gratitude to the martyrs , and , indeed , the very honour of the Chartist name , demands the success of the Cripplegate friends . May they succeed in obtaining the support of their brethren throughout the country . I had hoped to have been able , by this time , to have congratulated the whole of our per-Becuted brothers on their freedom from further
prison-torture ; butl am disappointed . I am informed that thepolitical prisoners liberatedfrom Eirkdale on the 12 th hist ., numbered eleven . [ It is strange that no one of the prisoners or their friends has thought proper to send a notice to this paper of the names of the persons liberated , and the circumstances connected with their liberation . Up to this time I know only the names of the three mentioned in the postsriptto my letter , in last Saturday's " Star . ' ] Dr . M'Douall , I believe , has had no intimation of any mitigation of his sentence , although he is in a state of but very
indifferent health , arising from the want of proper food , and fresh air and exercise . There have been rumours of the forthcoming liberation of our friends in Tothill Fields , but " the good time coming * ' has not yet come . It is suggested by Dr . M'Douall ' s family , that memorials should be got up in favour of his liberation . In making known the wishes of Dr . M'Douall ' s family , Imust confesslam not sanguine of those wishes being responded to . Recent appeals for memorials have been received with almost general apathy . The Chartists of London , and some few other
places , have done well ; but I doubt if , altogether , ten public meetings have beeu holden throughout Great Britain . Such lamentable , unfeeling apathy is dishonourable to the Working Classes . The Proletarians should be like Macedonian Phalanx , or Theban Sacred Band , welded together to aid , and protect , and ( if need be ) die for each other . Until you are animated by such a ¦ pint there can be no salvation for your order . Still the blood of the brave is flowing . I predicted in my last week ' s Letter that there would be further executions in Hungary .
Alas ! they had already taken place ! On the 9 th or 10 th ( both dates are named ) , three or four days after the MURDER of Batxhyam , and the SLAUGHTERS at Arad , Ladislas Csanyi , lately Minister of Public Works , and Baron JeszenaK , Commissioner under Kossuin , were HANGED at Pesth On the scaffold the victims attempted to address the people , " but the roll of the drum and the rope of the hangman silenced their voices for ever . " No ! not for ever ! When , in the not distant future , the red , right-arm of Popular Vengeance shall be Str . etc h . e . < J forth , to execute justice , and judg-
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ment on the tyrants , then shall the voices of tneir victuns rise from the tomb , to ring despair s dread knell in the ears of the goredyed oppressors . Yes ! and when the nations arise again , to again do their own work—and doiteffectuall y-the voices of the slain patriot ^ shall be heard by Liberty ' s soldiers , inspiring them to strike down , and destroy tor ever , the executioners of Humanity , and the system with which the purple-clad savages have too long afflicted the world T * ° ? * * !»»*« , then shall tfa ^ nf
. Other executions have taken placeat Pesth , and it appears that sixty more of the leading Hungarians were marked down to be murdered , m batches of threes and sixes at a time . But there is hope that such will not be the case . It seems that the Austrian Emperor has sense enough to be apprehensive of a dav of retribution , and hence , becoming alarmed " , has recalled Haynau , and put a sto p to that Hyenas feed on human flesh . Report st . at . ns
that this monster is to be Plenipotentiary to the ¦ Prussian Court ; or something of that sort . Wh y not to the British Court ? lean assure him that the gates of St . James ' s Palace would not be closed against him . I can assure him that even the Liberal Lord pLMERSTON would not hesitate to invite him to the usual diplomatic spreads , and aristocratic revels . More ; I can promise Haynau , it he will come here , he shall win the smiles of those ladies of "rank and fashion "'who
smiled upon—nay , worshipped—the womannoggmg , nun-torturing , child-slaying , peoplemurdering Nicholas . I can promise him , too , the protection of the Police , and the undisguised disgust of Smithfield drovers and Whitechapel butchers ; and no , I will not anticipate what the people would do for Mm indeed , it is not easy to imagine what the people might do if they found an untamed Hyena , without chain or keeper , in the streets of this Metropolis .
To-day ' s news from Germany brings information of new executions in Baden . Three brave Republicans— Jansen , Schrador , and on 1 ? . fr ' were P ut fo death 0 Q the 19 th or 20 th of this month , at Rastadt , for taking a prominent part in the insurrection in Baden , and fighting against the Prussian troops . They were murdered by command of that royal , religious ruffian , the King of Prussia . When will the frauds and hypocrisies , and blood-spilling deeds of that princely perjurer be brought to an end ? "How long shall the gory Ogre , Power , Pile column of skulls on column ? O ! Justice , hasten thy judgment hour .
And open thy doomsday volume ! I * o more oil'd speech , it is time the drove Of tyrants should hear their fate read : "We tb too ion ; been drugg'd with the talk of " lore , " Let the watchword be henceforth " Hatiied !" I told you in my last week ' s Letter , that tlie pretended sympathy of the Press-gang ruffians for the victims of despotic power , was but rank hypocrisy . . Behold the proofs that 1 was right : the correspondent of the limes , who at first affected to feel sympathy for the unfortunate Madame do
Madersbach , has since changed Iris tone and intimates that , after all , she got off easily , for if she had not been flogged ( and her husband driven to commit suicide ) she would have been murdered by the Austrian soldiers . Wh y so ? Because 'the unhappy lady " had always been a passionate partizan of the Magyars , " aud " gave such information as enabled them to take the Imperialists ty surprise . " What " surprise ?" She , it seems in some way or otheraided
, Bem and Kmety in their escape , Such was her crime ; ( 1 ) sufficient in the eyes of the " Times" correspondent to at least excuse the unmanly and inhuman punishment inflicted upon her . The reader will not be surprised to learn that the said infamous correspondent has , in the most dastardly manner , calumniated the victim Csanyi , even after his death , The cowardly slanderer insinuates that the martyr died a coward . Nothing is too base for the wretches of the Press-gang .
From many more illustrations of Pressgang villany I will select but another instance . The Berlin correspondent of the " Morning Chronicle , " writing from that city on the 13 th of October , states that "it is generally reported that delegates from all the democratic committees of Germany , and of other countries , willmeetmLondonduringtheensuing month . " He then goes on to insinuate thatthe " demagogue leaders " of Germany , &c , are about to concoct withthe Chartists some terrible treason
against the blessed rulers of the Continent , and he charitabl y adds : — " Thi 3 report , whether true or false , is worthy the attention of those whose Loundea duty it is to look to the tranquillity of the country , and who are , above all things , called upon to see that British hospitality be not abused , &c , &c . * * * There is danger to England from the unrestricted meetings and conspiracies of desperate men , who would fain disseminate their poisonous doctrines among tho English people , and whose greatest joy would be the downfall of all that is hold sacred by loyal Englishmen , &c , &c . "
There is more in the same strain , but I have copied sufficient to show you the villain ' s object . Instructed , and no doubt well paid , by the Prussian Government for his dirty work , this informer—or rather , I should say , fabricator of falsehoods—has set himself to the task of furnishing the British Government with a pretext for putting the Alien Act into execution , with the view of thereby forcing the unfortunate exiles back into the clutches of the murderer of the Badeneese . Is it possible to conceive blacker crime than the work of this unrepent Judas of the " Cfo-outcfe ?" The " sublime aud beautiful" story reign delegations and conspiracies Chartists , I know to be an unmiti '
hood . As to the " poisonous do nounceaby the "Chronicle ' s " ing thereby the dottvincs Liberty , Fraternity '— " Ju lege to none "—I beg to ¦ that there is no occasi' 3 leaders" to come here f tl Z other country , merely ^ j ,, ? such doctrines , seev * ^^ 5 . 3 beiDg already do Junen , " and , amongst r dst Pressgang s detenr i'EUPLE . October 2 t .
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES . « 5 ™ ° E ED t IT 0 R 0 P TDE NORTHERN STAR . oiR , —May I solicit the insertion in your next number of the following remarks , elicited " miftwSS . S * ^' paper sigucd lJK * l P ^ Pl es and opinion s enunciated Dy that gentleman I have nothing to object , „ $ If P ^ cisely similar , if not identical with those propounded by tho National Asso-Z &" 5 . v ?!* Trades > and P romulgated in S ^ o ¥° nthly Sports , " particularly in 2 ; , ' oiand . ' ( FeWy , March , and MciylS ^ which . ^ r . „
latter article , under the title r * nnViW ?*"" ^ o ™ . " ^ since been re-pubh shedm the form oi a tract , of which several thousands have beon circulated , embodied also m fcyo successive editions of the Laws il lLt n mtlon ; andIas % « "P rinted 0 SW ?! ; favour' > iQ the c ° <™ sLe wn / iern **> " onlya few ™ s ? &assa | p ™ S « 3 vour to show-that the principles and opinions iriTT ni < ini a ? e Si *' SS "ScSon ° Pr ° Unded b ? the Nat
tflfhlfv T fXtJaCts from an ai'ticIe ^ fte Monthly Report for March , 1848 , might readily be . con « dered the Well whence Mr . Walton has drawn the opinions and recommendations he so ably enforces in his letter and must , to all unprejudiced persons show , that the principles on which Mv . Walton and his friends are seeking to establish a J 9 ew National Organisation of Trades , are identically those upon which the National Association of United Trades is based , and who claim—and are fairly entitled to-the honour of being the first and only existing Industrial movement : and which , to use Mr . Walton's own words , " havehad the intelligence and fortitude to
make a stand against this nefarious system , of mail being used up by man . " The Executive of the National Association , therefore , invite Mr . Walton , and every generous and enlightened friend to tho producing classes , to aid them in realising those superior and vital principles of which he is so enthusiastic an admirer , and which , we believe , are the only ones upon which an effective and beneficial movement can be established . I now proceed to my extracts from the Monthly Report , March 1 st , 1848 ;—_ It is impossible to over estimate the importance of tliis mqmry , or the results which it involves , The facts marshalled in previous avtieles show conclusively that the industrial classes of this country are at the Lrev \ f » in
» anu most injurious system of producing and distributing % yealth , by whreh machinery of the most poiverful description isibroughtintocompetition * ith manuallahour and that in future , as in all times past , manual labour must be inevitably worsted in the unavailing struggle to ffiuto ^ dSr hosUtoasencies whic ' ° ™ iy Are we then to give up the contest in despair ? or , because there are no better means of fighting the battle of industry , jierseveve with Wind desperation in the crude unsuccessful , but still brave and hi gh-spirited course we ' have hitherto adopted ? Neither ; there is no cause for despair , and the noble spirit of self-sacrifice , —the courageous resistance to oppression ,-the funds which have hitherto been applied for the support of strikes and turnouts , are all that is necessary in order to effect the complete emancipation of industry from the monster tyramu under what it has so long groaned .
Out of these raw materials maybe easily constructed—whenever the sons of Industry will it—a new system that must place the possessors of labour upon an equality with the possessor ! of capital , and enable them to demand and obtain a fair and just participation in the products of their united powers . It is not the want of means which prevents the Trades from realising these results , but the want of knowledge , strong enough to direct the means at their disposal into a new and rational channel . It would be easy to produce a list of
long cases in which different trades , after expending enormous sums , have been compelled to succumb to their employers , but it would be merely encumbering this report with a |» thrice told tale . ' It is impossible to ascertain the aggregate amount of the loss thus caused ; no means exist for obtaining correct statistics on the subject ; but we believe that one million sterling is not an exaggerated estimate of the actual cost to the working classes at the strikes and turn outs during the last twelve or fourteen years .
_ Taking merely a pecuniary view of the question , wo ask , has this money been well spent ? —Bas it improved the mental and moral condition of the labouring classes ?—Has it secured them from the necessity of labouring as unremittingly as ever , or precluded the probability of a pauper ' s deatli and a pauper ' s coffin ? Has it made a provision for the better trainincr of your sons and daughters , or will t' - ' you have borne of an m \ voo « - '' toil , bomorelip'M' - The answer tu negative .
No party or ci .. injure the opera ' : once they become tffs andoftheimmr ieu . 4 ^ and learn how - ^ ese powers and means t < . eirownwel-[ are- Thf . din their own n ailds al j ciety : they cultlvate + 'l iea tho food of all cIassf Jie clothing which cov lasses—they build the " -they construct the raillery , and furniture
reats of society at large ; and illions of money , which they id , are rationall y employed by y and slavery will become obsolete .. lillions , '' some may say ; " where . " They arc iu sick , burial , building , ade societies—iu money clubs and d -bauks . In each of them comparatively . essly , in some positively mischievously uploycd—in none of them so applied as to promote in roality either their present or prespectivo permanent well-being .
Then follows a series of powerful and con vincing arguments , enforcing the adoption of a ^ system of self-employment , upon the principle of associated labour , as advocated by Mr . Walton , to supersede the old injurious system of strikes and turnouts . The establishment of colonies combining , like Mr . Walton ' s , suoemaking and carpentering , manufacturing and agricultural arrangements , is proposed as the only true mode of dealing with the surplus labour , whichj ) y reducing wages , leads to strikes and all their concomitant evils . The whole article closes with the following paragraph —
« « ti " "¦ Uves A . ve lutl > orto contended for toil and Kii f leV ambltlOn l \™ bccn b 0 U 1 » M by the desire to b rn ell fed slaves or to the attainment of the position of ?» fh ™ t r ? M £ alonc < Tlley must lookup . They ai e thank God ! looking up , and if they respond to our up . P I * w ? Pf Spirit l the task , mighty as it is , will fie ™ ¦ ) 1 'i'teverdilHculties may seem to oppose the progiessofthesevmvs wiU be certain to vanish before a ? vi , ™ ? x "" de " !! 'S Perseverance ; and the parties upon whom we now « iU v \\\ afacover that it is easier to lead men An-XW ^ iha mmS one . Before the might of d binteiested aud unflagging efforts for this high and holy object , tho most sturd y prejudices will quail , and the thousand phantoms conjured up bj ignorance to impede its attainment will vanish like morning mists .
The subject is continued in the report for rtay , in the article before alluded to , headed " Organisation of Labour , " in which the outlines of a plan for realising the principles previousl y advanced , are more systematically de-1 vcloped , and every requirement contained , or even hinted at in Mr . Walton ' s various communications upon this important subject , anticipated andprovided for . Thoro are some copies of tills tract still on hand , and may be had on application at our office . I think , Sir , I have clearl y established tho claim of the National
Association , as the first promulgator of those views now advocated by Mr . Waisgk , and upon which he seeks to establish a . " National Organisation of Trades ; " but . how far two As&QciatwnB , hajing preciselv fte same objects
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in view , with titles so singularly similar , as to lead almost to the conclusion that one of them had been selected in imitation of , or as a supersedes to the other , is rational ordesirawe , is , 1 think , very questionable ; but of this l am quite certain that the disposition froquontyevmced bythe working men to camthat hateful spirit of competition , evacuate their p aces , and arrangements for social and pohtical regeneration , is a thing to be utterl y deplored and deprecated . Divide el impera , ? Jm 1 Ft * smaxim - Uuite andc ™ W should be the antagonistic maxim of every true friend of the order of Labour . )
I hope , Sir , I shall not be open to the charge ot seeking to disparage or throw any obstruction m the way of Mr . Walton's praiseworthy desire to benefit llis fellow-workingmen 1 am too deeply impressed with a sense of the sad consequences which have always sprung from the contentions and divisions of the working classes to do that ; but , as an act of justice to that movement with which I have ' the honour to be associated , I am desirous thatthe delegates about to meet in John-street , should be made acquainted with the fact , that an association already exists , perfectly organised
and fully prepared with plans for the carrying out of those principles and practices recommended by Mr . Walton . It will be for that gentleman aud his friends to show , and for the delegates to consider , how far the interests of Labour are likely to be advanced by the contentions of rival associations , and whether it would not bo more consistent , and in every respect more advantageous , for all who are tnendly to the redemption of human labour , to associate and concentrate their talent and energies to realise » one truly National
Confederation of the Trades of Great Britain , " for the purpose of carrying out those vital principles enunciated by the National Association , and so unreservedl y subscribed to by your correspondent , Mr . Walton . As co-operators in a holy cause , and not as antagonists , the Executive of the National Association—in their character of representatives of a numerous portion of the Trades of Great Britain-will present , tor the information of the assembled delegates , copies of their pamphlet on the «• Organisation of Labour , " as published by them on May 1 st , Io 4 o ,
I think , Sir , your readers will perceive in the whole tenor of this letter—dictated as it has been by a sense of duty—a desire to promote the great objects which Mr . Walton and the Executive of the National Association are mutually pledged to , by preventing , if possible , a division in the ranks of social and industrial reformers , and laying the foundation of a confederation upon such enlarged and enlightened principles as shall inspire the working classes with new hopes , and stimulate them to renewed exertions for their social emancipation . I am , Sir , your obedient servant , Wm . Teel , Secretary .
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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS . On Tuesday , the October adjourned sess on commenced at the Court-house , Clerkenwell . There were sixty-three prisoners for trial , fifty-eight of them being indicted for felony . Thirty-three were described in the calendar as imperfectly instructed m reading and writing , teti as competent to read only , and twenty could neither read nor write , Robbery op PtAG-sTONKs . -Johu Burton , 36 , stone-mason , was indicted for stealing 100 feet of Hag-sto e , the property of Richard Shalders . t \ lr Mellor appeared for the prisoner . -The prosecutor deposed that he was a builder , living in Grosvenorstreet , Stepney . He had lately purchased a caret of
nag-stones , ot Messrs . Holroydand Sons , of Rastnck , near llalifax , and they were unloaded from a schooner lying off Whiting ' s Wharf , Ratcliff , on Friday , the 12 th uwt ., the delivery being commenced on the Wednesday before , on which day the prisoner went to him , at some buildings in Bromelv-street , and asked it he might superintend the uu ' loadin " He gave him no permissi , to do so , but he undertooK it on his own responsibility ; and on the 16 th the witness , m consequence of information he had received went and counted over the flag-atoms which had been unloaded , when he found a quantity deficient , and he gave the prisoner into custody - From the evidence of other witness-s , it appeared that the had
prisoner directed a carman employed in removing the stones to take some of them to some new buildings in Arbor-street , be ! ongin ° - to a person named Cox , to whom on the previous day the prisoner had represented that he had a hundred feet ot stone for sale , and Cox had agreed to purchase it . 1 he prisoner said that lie had a quantity of other stone to dispose of , but the transaction * must be for cash , as he was acting for the captain of the schooner , who wanted the mo . ey . The hundred feet were delivered by the caiman , and the prisoner received the money agreed to be given . —Mr . JWlor m cross-exftmininif the witnesses , endcavon' - ' shiw that the prisoner had becncot « - ' the prosecutor on several <* - stone and other ht ' " tivelydon !"' .. ^ ocolen nine . -. » jf ot John Hitchcock , -o tvare-road . —Counsel appeared ui Toghill .-The evidence of the prosecutor , and policemen 95 and 135 of the I ) division of Metropolitan Police , clearly proved the case against the prisoners . They were seen lurkin * together in Edgware-road , and tho officers indicated abovo , knowing who they were , watched their proceedings . They stood some time looking into the window of the prosecutor ' s shop , and at length Toghill went in , and whilst the prosecutor was wailing upon a customer , he walked deliberately up to a pile of hankerchiefs exhibited in the window , took
possession of a portion of them , and made off . The officers , however , captured both him and Skaefwho had followed Toghill ,, ) and conveyed them to the police-station .-The jury found both prisoners " Guilty . "—Tho indictment further charged , that on the 17 th day of August , in the year 1847 , and on the 10 th of August , in the present year , the prisoner Toghill was convicted summarily by metropolitan police magistrates . The sentence upon Skae was that he be kept to hard labour for six calendar months . —The learned counsel who appeared for Toghill begged , before tho court sentenced that prisoner , to say that his father , -who was foreman to a tailor , his mother , and his family were respectable , and that the boy when at home
was always steady , well behaved . Ho was assured by tho parents , who had two other children , that he had been initiated into bad habits by parties with whom Skac was connected ; they ' had made a tool of him , and he was now their scapegoat . — The learned Judge said nothing could be moro atrocious than this . Here was the boy of ten years of age , who in less than two yearshad been convicted summarily no less than eleven times ; he had been wipped seven times by order of the magistrate before whom be was convicted , and fourteen months of the period he had mentioned was passed in the Houses of Correction in Middlesex , and no doubt he was acquainted with tho prisons in the City , at
Maidstone , and in Horsemonger-lane , yet his parents came here and expected it to be believed that lie was a good and steady boy . He it was who seduced others—others did not seduce him . and if this conviction were good lie most certainly would bo transported . It was scarcely credible , that we were living in a Christian country , and in the nineteenth century , for there wore no means of any kind , character or description , that should be applied to this boy and tho class to which he belonged . If the prisoner were sentenced to transportation ( he would be if tho conviction were valid ) , he would be sent to Parkhurst , and if approved , would be taught a trade , and ultimately sent to one of the colonies , lie should order the prisoner to be remanded .
Street Robukiues by Females . — Caroline Morris , a well-dressed young woman , and a known promenadcr of the Strand , -was indicted for stealing a gold watch , value £ 6 10 s ., the property of Louis tic Proscielski , from his person . She was also indicted for having unlawfully placed her hand in the pocket of the said Louis de Proscielski , with intent to steal a purse containing money . —Mr . O'Brien appeared for the prisoner . —The prosecutor was a Pole , who had been resident in this country but a
very short time He was accosted by tho prisoner in the Strand , as ho was returning from a place of amusement , when she was guilty of the conduct imputed to her in the indictment . —The jury acquitted hoi on the first © harge , and found her guilty upon the second . —The learned judge said that both verdicts were correct in a legal sense , but ho had not the slightest doubt that she had robbed the proseotttor of his watch . Tho sentence wastbatsho be kept to hard labour for six calendar i months .
Ellen Clifford , a good-looking and fashionablyattired woman , was found guilty of stealing a watch , value six guineas , from the person of William Tritn Gvibble . ^ eiitsiived t 98 « j&wtifi' bard labour ,
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GREAT DEMONSTRATION AT DERBY . A ^ iT ' i 1 > ub . mectin s wa 3 hcId at the lown Hall , Derby in order to adopt a memorial to the Queen , praying for the release of all political prisoners now suffering transportation or captivity At seven 0 clock the spacious room ? as crowded to excess ; and hundreds went away unable to obtain admission . By somo singular inconsistency the Mayor , after granting the Town Ihilllor the purpose specified , bad a number of special constables sworn in : but there was no necessity for this stupid " precaution . " At half-past seven o ' clock Mr . Short . took tho chair , and opened tho proceedings in an eloquent speech . The memorial was then read ; and tlie Chairman called upon
. Mr . G . W . M . Reynolds , who was received with immense applause . He said that having rentesented the working-men of Derb y : „ the National SfSTAri f elighted ^ Pond to the in-\ tation which had been sent him in London to bo present on this occasion ; and his satisfaction was increased by the excellence of the purpose for which the nieetmg was convened . He called upon all present to bestow their sympathies upon these brave patriots , who were now enduring the rancorous persecution of a tyrannical government , merely because they had asserted those rights which were uithholden by a detestable system of usurpation and oppression When he looked around upon the conuition of the country , and beheld tho millions toiling m misery , penury , and destitution , for tlm sal ™
01 lie tew drones that revelled in all the luxuries ami enjoyments of life-when bo saw the condition ot the working man becoming gradually worse and worse , and that of the aristocrat proportionately growing better and better-when he contemplate ! the to , on extravagance of the oligarchy , and the wholesale system of plunder which a few titled satraps had estabhshed-and when ho heard tho prime minister arrogantly , presumptuously , and impudentl y telling the people that they did not want T " . ° " »» y C 0 « U not he surprised if entbusilfZ atno . t I sm 7 J occasionall y maddened to des-KT Jh ^ r ^ T- ) Ile llimsclf ™ « ot ° « ° ot those that believed the political prisoners had Tl . / . ^?" = ' ° » tl » e contrary , he looked upon them victims and
as martyrs . ( Cheers . ) But even if they had acted intemperate ^ and injudiciously ( and that was the worst that could possibly be said of them ) , they nevertheless deserved all possiblo sympathy ; for they had acted conscientious ^—they had behaved gallantly—and they were the victims of an atrocious system of despotism and tyranny ( Cheers . ) As for tho unfortunate men who bad been murdered in gaol—or , rather , been handed over to the ferocity of a terrible pestilence —surel y an unbounded sympath y should be extended , not enly to their memories , but likewise to he wives and orphans whom they had left behind . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Reynolds then proceeded to review all the momentous events which had opo . nvro . 1 iman
we continent of Europe during the last ei ghteen months ; and ho bade the friends of freedom be of good kart-for u was written in the Book of Fato that France , Italy , Hungary , Prussia , and the German States would vise ngain , and that democratic institutions would shortly be raised up in those , places where sham republics or corrupt thrones now existed . ( Immense cheers . ) The " party of order " were now in power throug hout Europe ; and this party © f order" consisted of the most diabolical rumans or contemptible hypocrites that ever disgraced the human species . And it was this party which denounced the people in all countries as the mob , the " rabble , " and the canaille-it was this party which declared that working-men w&ie not calculated
to receive free institutions—it was this party which put down the sacred Roman Republic , and stifled in the fumes of human gore the nascent liberties of Hungary . ( Cheers . ) But the real party of order was the people ! For the people had all Europe in their hands eighteen months ago ; and ho defied any aristocrat to tell him ot a single act of cruelt y , butchery , or plunder perpetrated b y the millions when they held all tho capitals of continental Europe in their hands ! ( Cheers . ) Mr . Reynold s then proceeded to expatiate upon tho six points of the Charter , all of which he showed to be absolutel y necossarv , as tho primal means of accomplishing the reform of those abuses which exist to so fearful an extent in England He likewise entered into an elaborate v « ew ot the whole system of taxation , which he nroved
to be scandalously unjust and oppressive towards the millions , and as flagrantly favourable and harmless towards the oligarchy . In conclusion , Mr . Reynolds called upon the Chartists to renew that peaceful , legal , and constitutional agitation which could alone convince the aristocracy aud the government that the working-men of these realms were resolved never to rest until they obtained the full measure of , iustice which they demanded . ( Tremendous cheering . ) A collection was then made in behalf of- the widows and orphans of the murdered victims , sharp and Williams ; and seventeen shillings were thus obtained . The proceedings terminated at halfpast nine , and the meeting dispersed without affording any opportunity to the gallant " specials" to dem onstrate their valour .
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AsiiTox-u . VDKn-Ly . vE . —At a meeting of members in the Land Company ' s mooting room , back of tho gas works , Mr . James Taylor in the chair , fourteen new members were enrolled , and the following resolution passed— " That no person join this association without being proposed and seconded by members of this society . That the time of meeting be ten o ' clnet ; every Sunday morning . " All commu' ' 0 be addressed to Thomas Storor , Benliu-y ; James iOmsail , irauui ., , ... Murph y be the corresponding secretary , All communications to be directed to the secretary , Mr . 11 . Dewhurst , Woollen Printer , Aspley , Near Huddersfiold , Yorkshire . llociiBALE . —Two lectures were delivered in tho Chartist Room , Yorkshire-strc * t , on Sunday , the 21 st , inst ., by Mr . D . Donovan , of Manchester . Mr . D . showed the conduct the Chartists , as a body , ought to persuo towards the middle class movement , namely , to go with them as far as
practicable , but not to be deceived l > y them , as had been the case in bygone times . Mr . D . also showed the conduct of the middle classes towards the working classes from the time of the Reform Bill agitation up to the present , which had been anything but beneficial to the working classes . Mr . D . likewise showed the impossibility of a reduction to taxation being obtained until the people was enfranchised . The lecturer also took a retrospective view of the taxes paid to Church and State , and the array and navy , which gave general satisfaction . Thanks having been voted to the lecturer , the meeting separated .
Newcastle . —At tho weekly meeting , held at the Cock Inn , Head of the Side , on Sunday last , Mr . Martin Ilqbinson in the chair , it was moved by Mr . James JNisbit , and seconded by Mr . M . Jude , — " That we recommend Mr . Dickinson as a proper person to lecture in this district ; and that any place desirous of obtaining the services of that gentleman may do so by communicating with Mr . J . Hudson , Dawson ' s-court , AVestgatc-street , ISewcastle . ' Ic was announced that Mr . Dickinson would deliver a course of lectures , commencing on Sunday next , on " The desirability of a union between the middle and working classes .
"WmniXGTON and Cat . —At the weekly meeting of members , the minutes of the last meeting wove read and confirmed . Five delegates were appointed to attend the meeting at Anderton ' s Hotel , and the meeting adjourned until Sunday , to hear Mr . M'Crath ' s lecture . Tower Hamlets . —A public meeting took place on Sunday , October 21 st , for the purpose of hearing a lecture by Mr . P . M'Grath , at Mr . Smith ' s , Weavers' Arms , Lower Pelhnm-strcct , Brick-lane , Spitalfields , which cave great satisfaction . It was
then moved , " That a committee of eight be formed , with power to add to the number , for the purpose of sending two delegates to ^ Ue Metropolitan Council . " It was also moved , " That Mr . P . iM'Grath favour ms "with another lecture on Sunday , the 4 tl » of November , at the above house , " to which Mr . M'Grath kindly consented . In the meantime it was moved , ' That we meet at the Wbittington and Cat , Churohrow , Bethnal-green , on Sunday , October 28 , to receive reports from the- various localities in the Tower Hamlets . "—The meeting then adjourned .
Proposed Fund fob the widows of Sharp asd Williams . — -On Tuesday evening a numerously attended meeting of members of the National Charer Association was held at Anderton ' s Hotel , Fleetstreet , for the purpose oF adopting measures for carrying out a proposition which has recently Ijeea mado to raiso a fund for tho benefit of the widows of the late Joseph "Williams and Alexander Sharp , who died in prison under , circumtances with which our readers are familiar . Mr , Henry Stiles having been called to the chair , a general committee , which was ontyustod with tho control of tho details of the arrangements by which . it is proposed to raiso tho fund , was appointed-and a suh-comrnittee , consisting oSjMtfofft , \ Reyho $ 8 p > . Brookes , Petit , Fcrdinando , Sffi'Davia ^ as- ^ sOv nominated , for the purpose ofi ^ tm ^ jin ^ d ^ t ^ sX calling public attention to thi inwitieliestjittopiji . ' ,, Mr . Reynolds presented fi \ elm ^^ ltA ^' < Sb ^ cb , iy and 19 s . collected by' him biK ^^ Hft ^' eetiJiga ^ y ^ Derby ; also per Mr . IllinBwionirj ^ jPiA ^ d ; . ^!^/ ^ meeting then adjourned till MS ^ londajsiigfiV ^ "eight 0 c , lo . ck , at the sjumO pla ! & ^ jj ^ Vj ^ Xy ' y tsv&s * iSKWMRft *
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COT 33 JTY COURT , WESTMINSTER . Wm Bichards , who summoned Mr . O'Connor in the above court on Thursday last , Wtf nonsuited , amitQ paylusQffaeostSi
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Impk ritt Ck > . . Rates . —By a recent ct of ' - 4 CJ .. c ; ip . i-i ) a limit is fixed for the ison men t f 01 . non-pay men t ?* ' jction declares , " whereas it 1 S " ; ime within which a person asscss ate may be imprisoned for non'P , be it enacted that any persc n n' 1 imprisonment shall be disc . nar ? risonment so soon as he or 8 ^ three calendar month s , or s *| a 4 < x or sums with which he or ?" ; hereafter no person shall be JPP payment of any church rate ° . ig three calendar months . " * ed persons were kept in custod' ods .
L his amiable lady , for whom anc nd and party the sympathies o » ' -c so deeply awakened , is at P ic information she can ahout th- -bound regions in ¦ which her in 5 been so long imprisoned , in or ic plan of relief early in the si -pose she visited Kirkaldy on " . vail herself of all the informat > . ' urnbull , Esq . ( long a propriet ohe whalers there ) , and Captain 1 long period- of his life has been 1 isolate country , could afford her . ed that it mis Captain Kinner ¦ s country the Esquimaux youth j fore ho returned to his native ad a tolerable knowledge of the It ia tawch to \> e regretted that at Pond ' s Bay when the natives on concerning tho imprisonment ! parties . In any futher attempt ( . ¦ ¦ ' - : rers ( Akkatook is still alive ) his •¦ 8 : 1 » Y « lwbl 0 ii * ft rfWwrtiWi
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Octobeb 27 , 1849 . THE NORTHERN S . TAR ' ' R ttrl — - ^^ g ^"" "' ' -- ' —
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 27, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1545/page/5/
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