On this page
- Departments (2)
- Adverts (20)
-
Text (9)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
®o uronwoifiiwwfc
-
Untitled Article
-
THE H0RT1ERN STAR. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1S49. J
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Ad
THE FAMILIES OF THE MARTYRS I WILLIAMS AKD SHARP . rpO THE PUBLIC .-An appeal is respect tTi ^ ' ^ u 1 ^ 6 ^ ' ^ et" tlie UeneTolent Public onb half of the widows and CWldrenof the late JOSEPH TOUIAilSana ALEXANDER SBAH ? S . tor t ^ 2 convicted on a charge of SEDITION , were cutoffbjthe Cholera m the pnson wherein they were confined . iJPZT ^ * ** ^^ lo deaths were mainly toonsht about l > y the cruel foct , that although thejesHlence was raging in all iu fary at the time , and the publications ot the Board of Health emphaticallr recommended 3 generous diet as one of the necessary precautions , those unfortunate men were placed upon the fare of bread * nd wate as a punishment for their refusal to perform that pttbon of labour which was allotted to them . To fhis refusal they were instigated by no motive of fectuusopposiUonto the disci pline ofthe gaol where they ¦ were incarcerated ; but simpl y by the deeply rooted cun-Tiction that a broad line ofdemarcafionwasto be drawn between political prisoners untainted by dishonouring crime , and the usual class of felons and misdemeanants
Untitled Ad
TO BE DISPOSED OF , AT CflAUTEltYILLE , Ji FOUR-ACRE ALLOTMENT , plea-L santly situated . Price £ 30 , the rent paid . Also , a THKEE-ACUE ALLOTMENT the Company ' s demands paid , with an acre of wheat sown , a quarter of an acre of potatoes , carrots , cabbages , turnips , 4 c , with great improvements hi the house and outbuildings . The price ^ 60 . DirecttoXT . Z ., Charferrille postoffice , Oxfordshire , iritb a postage stamp .
Untitled Ad
PAIXS IN THE BACK , GRAVEL , LUMBAGO , STRICTURE , < fcc . OSE TRIAL WILL PROVE THE xalnn of Da . BARKER'S celebrated SPECIFCRENAt FILLS , for speedily curing all lands of pains in the ba * k , diseases cf the bladder , kidneys , and urinary organs genenliy , whether resulting from imprudence nr otherwise , Pricels . lid ., i 2 s . 9 & , and 4 s . 6 d ., per box . They have never been " known to fail and will be sent free on recei pt of is . 3 d ., or 4 s . 60 . in postage stamps , by Da . BARKER , 100 , Great Russcl-street . Bloomsbury . square , London . Full directions enclosed . AdHEsncTEsriKoxttis . —Mr . Henry , Mol 1 , says •« Thev eared me directly . '—Mr . Ernes , Ledburr , writes- ' Thev are the greatest blessing I . have met with . ' Dr . 1 'hilips says in his work ou these diseases that they are the best compound for all these diseases , he has ever met with , he having many times used them with great success . Address Dr . Alfred Barker , 108 , Great Itussell-street , Bloomsbury-» juare , London , where he may be consulted daily from 10 till ; 1 and 4 till 8 o clock , ( Sundays exceptedj Advice with medicines for the whole cure sent on receipt of 10 s Those cases deemed Lsccbable are particularly invited .
Untitled Ad
SALDSESS , WEAK , OR GSEY HAIR , WHISKERS &c MISS COTJPELLE respectfully solicits oke TBiii oxiT of her celebrated Parisian Pomade » r quickly producmg whiskers , Ac ., restoring lost hair ' strengthening and curling weak hair , and checking erey ness , from whatever cause . It has never been knoira to fefl , and wfll be forwarded ( free ) on receipt of twenty-four postage-stamps . — Jiiss Young , Truro , writes : — "Ithas quite restored mine , wliich I had thought impossible after everything else had foiled , and I shall new be without some ty roe . "—Mr . Bull , Brill , says : — "It is the onlvone lhathashadthe detired effect , "—Dr . Erasmus Wilson — "Itisyastlysuperiortoall the clumsy greasy compounds now sold under various titles and pretences . There are however , se many impositions afoot , that people reluctantlv pbee confidence where it may justly be bestowed . "—Do kot ccr Tons corns . —Also will be sent ( free ) , on receipt ot thirteen , stamps , her safe , speedy , and lasting cure for soft or hard corns , bunions , Sx . It is never-faiUmr — Address , Miss CO 0 PELLE , Ely-place , Holboro , London
Untitled Ad
BLAIR'S GOUT AND RHEUMATIC PILLS . The acknowledged efficacy of BIAIH /<* GOUT ASD RHEUMATIC pSts , b , Sn&uluterie ^ testimonials ^ which have been sent to and published bv aepropnetor&r neatly twenty years , has rendered this medicine the most popular of the present age ; and in eorroboration of which the Mowing « tract oYa lette ? wittea by John Molard Whede ? , Es ? , &to of Castoms Jamaica , having been handed by hisbrother at ^ bHmdon . to Mr . Front for publication will fully conl "IloiowjOtt hare neror had occasion to take Blair ' s Mis . Hut let me emphatically tell you in mercy toany friend whomay suffer fromgout , rheumaticgout , lumba ™ sciatica , rheumatism , or any branch of that widelv-alfied ftnuly , to recommend their using them . In this country they are of wonderful efficacy ; not only am I personally aware of their powers , but I see my friends and acquaintances receiving unfailing benefit from their use . f w . uld not he without them on account If taken in the early stage of disease they dissipate it altogether : if in a later they alleviate pain and effect a much speedier cure than sy any other means within mj knowledge . " -ssssEr *•*** strand ' Lond ° n- ¦**»
Untitled Ad
HALSE' 3 SCORBUTIC BBOPS . A SURE CURE FOR SCURVY , BAD LEGS , AND IMPURE BLOOD . Another surprising cure by means of Hake ' s Scorbutic Drops . DECLABATIOK OF THE GCAJtDlASS 05 5 BEST , DEVON . We , the undersigned , solemnly declare , that before Thomas Rollins , ( one of our parishioners ) commenced taking "Halse ' s Scorbutic Drops , " he was literally covered with large running wounds , some of them so large that a person might have laid his fist in them ; that before lie had finished the first bottle he noticed an improvementand that , by continuing them for some &na , he got com-* < i ' 5 est ? l ato * eaitb ' aftereTer J S « lseliau failed . He hail tried various sorts of medicines before takin " "Halse ' Scorbutic and had
Untitled Ad
BALLY FOR THE CHARTER ! T'HE CHARTISTS OF THE METROPOLIS are informed that two public meetines during the ensuing week will be held , for the election of delegates to the ' Metropolitan Conference , ' to beholden S ? 4 mSlaa ? ar ternext The&stof ^^ rn R Y SCIEKTIPIC INSTITUTE , JOH . \ -STREET , TOTTENHAJl-COURT-ROAD , On Tuesdat Etbkiko Kovembeb , 6 ih . Chair to be taken at eight o ' clock . SECOND MEETING , AT THE SOUTH LONDON CHARTIST HAL ^ , BLACKPRIARS-ROAD , Ox Wbdsesdat Evkxixc , November . Yih . Ghair to be taken a eight o ' clock , Tne followinggentlemen will be present , and will take part in the proceedings of both meetings : —P . O'Connor , M . P ., Mr . P . JI'Gkatb , Mr . S . 1 L Ktdd , G . W . M . Ketsolds , Esq .. Mr . W . Daox . andMr . T . Cuss .
Untitled Ad
T'HE REV . W . P . BRYAN , late curate J- of Minster Lovel , Oxfordshire , wishes to receive into his family a few pupils , at j £ 40 a year each . References to persous of distinction . Address , schoolhouse , Charterrille , Minster Lovel , near Witney , Oxen .
Untitled Ad
THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVEB TOBLISUED . Price Is . 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Autkor . of PAIKE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of Mr . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS Sold By J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , yatenvoster row , London ; A . lleywood , Oldham-street , Manchester , and Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And bi all Booksellers in Towa and Country .
Untitled Ad
Jutt Published , Prict Sixpence . A VERBATIM REPORT OF THE TRIAL OF THE MANNINGS FOR , THE MURDER OF MR . O'CONNOR . Illustrated with Steel Engravings of ' ¦ MANNING AND HIS WIFE . 6 . Tickers , Holywell-street ; J . Strange , Paternoster-row , and all Booksellers in Town and Country .
Untitled Ad
NOW READY WITH THE MAGAZINES PO NOVEMBER , 2 fo , YI . OF THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY and LITERATURE . Edited by G . JULIAN HARNEY . contents : 1 . The Editor ' s Letter to the working Classes , onth * institution of a Democratic Propaganda , 2 . Social Workshops ; their Organisation and Economic Effects . —By Louis Blanc . . .: ¦ 3 . Horrible Murder of Hungarian Patriots , i . Hungarian Chiefs . 5 . Democratic Progress—Past Experience , Present Dnty : 6 . The Roman Republic defended , and its amuins Unmasked . —By Joseph Mazzini . 7 . Rome enslaved , and France dishonoured . 3 . Our Inheritance : The Land common Property . PartIL Letter IV . 9 . Poetry . To Pope Pius ,. 10 . The iraterdal Democrats .
Untitled Ad
Fobtt Pages ( in a coloured wrapper ) , Pbice THREEPENCE .
Untitled Ad
TlushberalpauUcatwnisrapittlygamingground in the bold path chalked out for its career by the talented and popular eaitor , Mr . Julian Harney . The well-known and esteemed name of that gentleman alone , would be enou"h to ensure its success amongrt the working classes of Great Britain ; but the matter it contains , and the spirited way iu which itisplacd before the reader , will gain for the Democratic Review , a firm hold in the good opinions of all enlightened , liberal , aud discriminating men . —Hemold ' t Miscellany .
Untitled Ad
tgr No . I . of theDEHOCRATic Review has been reprinted , * nd may be had on order of the publisher . Published by E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wine Office-court , Fleet-street , London .
Untitled Ad
T « O BE SOLD , TO THE HIGHEST - » . BIDDERS , the right of locatian upon the following farms . AT O'CONNORAILLE . —OSEFona-AcBE Fakm . AT LOWSANDS . —0 . NE Three-Acre , and One Two-Acee Farm . All applications to be made to theDireotors . at the office ofthe Company , 14 i , High Holborn , London . By order of the Directors , Thosus Clark . Cor . Sec .
Untitled Ad
SPECIAL 2 JOTICE TO TRADE SOCIETIES . A CONFERENCE OF DELEGATES , **¦ to be appointed by the Metroplitan Trades Societies , will he held in the Coffee Room of the Literary and SciESTinc IssTiTonos , -Johx-Street , FrrzROT-souAUE , on WEDNESDAY EVENLXG , November 7 th , to consider upon the best means to be adopted to ameliorate the social and political condition of the People . Also for the purpose of considering upon the most profitable way of giving productive employment to tho unemployed of our population , and to receive a proposition on that subject . Chair to be taken at half-past Seven- O'Cwck precisel y . No person will be admitted without credentials duly certified b y the officers of his Society . By order of the Committee of the National Association for the Organisation of Trades . Auked A . Waltox , President . ¦ , _ , Augcstus E . Deoafobce , Secretary . ¦ } d SS ^ -sflu ^ iPortman-pIace , Globe-road , Mile-end . N . H . —The place of meeting has been altered from the Craven Head , Drury-lane , to the Institution . John-street , in consequence of magisterial interference .
Untitled Ad
PAINS IS THE BACK , GRAVEL , LUMBAGO , &c . ONE tr ial only will prove the value of DE ROOS * celebrated COMPOUND RENAL PILLS , for speedily curing all kinds of pains in the back , diseases of the bladder , kidneys , and urinary organs generally , whether resulting from impendence or otherwise . They llRVC nevSF teen known to fail , and may he obtained of all respectable Medicine Vendors . Price Is . lji , 2 s . 9 d .. and 4 s . 6 d ., per box ., will be sent free on receipt of Is . Ud ., 2 g . 9 d . or 4 s . Cd , in postage itamps , by Dr . DeRool , 1 , Ely-place , Uolborn Hill , London . Full directions enclosed . Aotiiestic Testuiosiais . —Mr . T . Parry , Rutliin , writes : " Send me a 2 s 9 d box for a friend ; the one I hadhas quite cured me . " —Mr , King , Aylesbury : "They are a perfect blessing , I have not been so easy for years . " The late Dr . Hope : ^ ' They are the only tiling ofthe kind I can recommend , having tried them in very " mast instances with most gratifying results . I hope they will be largely patronised , as they deserve to be . "—Address Dr . Walter DeRoos , I , Ely-place , Holborn Jiill , London ; where he may be consulted on all these diseases daily , from 10 till 1 , 4 till 8 ; Sundays , not at all .. Advice , - with medicines , sent to all parts ofthe world for £ 1 . Patients corresponded with till cured . Those ease * deemed incukaixe are particularly invited .
Untitled Ad
RUPTURES EFFECTUALLY CURED WITHOUT A TRUSS ! "PVERY variety of SINGLE and DOUBLE - " RUPTURE , however bad and long standing , may be permanently cured byiDr . BARKER'S remedy , which hat been established several years , and used with great success by many eminent member * -of the profession , that its effi . cacy is established beyond a doubt It is easy and painless in use , and applicable to both sexes of all ages . Hundreds of testimonials and trusses have been left behind by persons cured , as trophies of the immense success of this remedy , which Dr . Barker will willingly rive to any requiring them after a trial of it The remedy is sent post free on receipt of 6 s . in pottage stamps , or by postoffice order , by Dr . ALFRED BARKER , 103 , Great Russell-street , Bloomsbury-square , London , where he may be consulted daily from 10 till 1 , mornings 4 tills evenings ( Sundays excepted . )
Untitled Ad
DUPTUHES EFFECTUALLY CURED i Si AV V TH ™ t ! - ? b . WALTER DE ROOS , 1 , Ely-place . Uolborn-lnll , London , still continues to supply tiie afflicted with his celebrated cure for Single or Double Ruptures , the effisacy of which is now too well established to need comment . It is easy iu application causes no inconvenience , and will be sent free on receipt of 6 s . Cd ., by Post-office order , stamps or otherwise . Dr . De R . has a great number of old trusses left behind by persons cured , as tropliies of his immense success , wliich he will readily give to those who like to wear them after a trial of this remedy . ¦ % nr £ J ® l ^ . i&f ™?* «* ted . ) ' 11 WalcottHihamFerrars
Untitled Ad
^¦ —wmmm ^™— — NOTICE . THE MEMBERS OF THE LATE FINSBURY CHARTIST LOCALITY are requested to meet on Sunday evening , November 4 th , at « r . BtaKes , Breadand Biscuit Baker , 85 , Leather-lane , Holborn , at half-past seven o ' clock precisely , the purpose of taku . g steps for re-organiaing the above locality . ... nea ^»^^^ & 2 sS *
Untitled Article
thrown open to its worshippers with so much pomp and ceremony this week , represents a department of industry , which lies , as it were , at the very bottom of all this magnificent display of commercial power and grandeur . Coal sets in motion our mills—railway locomotives—steamers of all kinds—machinery and manufactures of every description . It plays the part of the genii in the tales of Our y outh . It is as ubiquitous and as obedient to the will of its master ; while it far surpasses its prototype in the nature of the wonders it works .
Yet , when undazzled by the glittering display of Tuesday , we look 6 eneath the surface , what is thestate of the class , on whose toilsome and disagreeable labours in the bowels of the earth we depend for a suppl y of this inestimable and essential commodity ? One would think that such toil , pursued in darkness and discomfort , in order to provide the nation with an articleindispensableto all other
industrial processes , and to that rapid transit to and from all parts of the globe , which keeps the blood of commerce in motion , wjuld be highly honoured , and highly remunerated . Let the actual state of the mining districts answer , as to the facts . The colliers are the slaves of an intense competition , which , by its grinding tyranny goads them ever and anon , into that " civilised" state of insurrection
known by the name of " strikes , " At every feasible opportunity a fresh clutch is made at the labourers' subsistence fund . Fines—abatements—per centages of all kinds—lurk in every corner as traps for the unwary , the powerless , or the i gnorant . Besides being condemned to work at the lowest level to which competition can drive down wages , the colliers are compelled , also , to pursue their labours in mines entirel y deficient of those precautions against , accidents and loss of , life , which modern science has ' placed at the
disposal of the coal kings , but which avarice and purely money considerations prevent them from adopting . The conseguencs is , that every few weeks we hear of another " appalling colliery explosion , " whereby scores , or hundreds of men , are deprived in an instant of life , and thousands of widows , orphans , and other relations shriek aloud in agony , over the blackened and mutilated bodies of their lost relatives and protectors . Then conies the usual Government Commission and Report—the usual
" Crowner ' s quest'' — "Crowner ' s quest " law—and verdict , " Accidental Death ; " perhaps , a gentle censure , or advice , by way of addenda ; and the wholesale murder is hushed up . Everything relapses again into its usual channel . The coal master goes on coining gold out of the toil of the swart miner ; the collier goes on working until the ' -Davy " gets out of order , or some of the numerous elements of de struction which are allowed to surround him , are again called into deadly activity , with alike fatal result .
Such is the way in . which commercial feudalism treats its serfs . But . we need not have travelled so far as Northumberland or Yorkshire for illustrations . A writer in the "Morning Chronicle , " supplied the day before the opening of the Coal Exchange , a frightfully graphic picture of the Btate of the labourers who hang about the princely and imposing docks we have mentioned . The article ia question forms one of a series on the condition of the Metropolitan districts , which again is but a single division
of a series ^ of Letters on " Labour and the Poor , " which the proprietors have begun to publish with a view to an exposition of the actual condition of the labouring classes . One " special correspondent , " has been charged with the examination of the manufacturing districts : another with the rural districts ' . and a third , as we have said , with the Metropolitan districts . The results of these enquiries , and the views of the writers , may usefully be reviewed upon another occasion ; meantime let us see how commerce treats her labourers at the docks .
; Tho writer does not give an y statement as to the'total number of labourers dependent on the docks for subsistence ; but , that the number of " extras , " as they are catted , must be very large , is evident from the fact , that the difference in the number employed on a " brisk day " and a slack day , is not less than eight thousand persons I " At 0110 of the docks alone , I found that 1823 stomachs would bo deprived of food by the mere chopping of the breeze . " It iswelladded , » That the sustenance of thousands of families should bo as fickle as the very breeze itself ; that the weathercock should be the index of daily want or daily ease to such a vast number of men
women , and children , was a climax of misery and wretchedness that I could not have imagined to exist [ previous to actual examination ] ; and since then I have witnessed such scenes of squalor , and crime and suffering , as oppress the mind even to a feeling of awe . " The labourers themselves state , that taking one week with another , their wages do not average more than five shillings weekly , throughouttheyear , andtheir wages , miserable as they are , are rendered even more wretched by the character of the work on which they depend . Certainty , if income is indispensable to regular habits , and the exercise of prudence , economy , and moderation . Where the income of a man occasionall y rises to fifteen shillings , and at other times sinks to nothing , it would be absurd to look for such habits or such
, virtues . ' Here is a sketch ( with sli ght omissions ) of a scene m the immediate neighbour hood of the regal splendour exhibited on Wednesdap -1 Ss ^ 'm ^ Bi Th « w li . ' an ( 1 al ) 0 Ut as r"tlclv Put toeethcr it leaked KWp » ' ¦ " ? e W <^ weatller T « were told that ^^ SILJ ^^ ff ^^ SS
cueappear / d toh ^ ljeenUnnMhf * ** ?* WeeltS / This number ; and when i fJo ^ t the Tf successful of the they wen whollyTnenXca ^ f *' what they did * hon foreedto walk KS'A " ' !? > tlley were are plenty of us " Jrid , « s ' ' and starve ' There .. _ * i _ - » ' . us 8 i * ia another . < wim i , « ... * .... m _ *! ..
. sirccisota liiffhf tl . n ,.,. i . jV » ' , """""'"« wane me pence here , SSftwM ^ S bu" * SL ( beds ) are onl y tn > ° - near . ' I asked ! w 1 OOther cribso cheap-an , whew streets allKtfflS ? r * , * S ? ° kc of "a ™* walked th « 1 ve been fi « - y - L lt what they had done for food » andouftattw y ' C " ° d one - ' without taste or sup ;' resting on h ? rT ' ^ 'ith llis head down , and his chin food W ^\ ° f H ? < 1 > ve beeen three days without sSittSL ! i « ab - ulntheW 01 > ld - ' ' ltlt > aP laeuy vouth wSSf ln « ie " lnter time with us , that it is ' said a youth who could nothave been more than seventeen , oi , nl « aSe i all he year round , ' cried a tall fellow in a ennvass smock , < I ' ve worked eleven years in the dock as an extra , and it don't give more than 5 s . in the week . Why , we re very very often three or four weeks and earn nothing m the winter time . ' 'But you must got something , i eai . 1 « Yes , we goes about jobbinc ; , doinc tlnn&s down at Billingsgate . WC gets atwopenny andTatreohalfpenny job Tcvv often . If we don't tret tlmt . «•« i , n ™ t and ««
, U'UlmcVt «*?? ' ^ walk Sm ™ ill hate to Qo that to-night , sir , ' cried the man at the C -VU h vv ^ oTli ^ ° f ^ - llis « Mn o ? Kl . ? rt — ill luvctowalk the streets al nwht' ' \ V « ' said -i B ^ s ^ m ^ mmm ^^ ^ tsSSE
iartlLg > \ o ^ 5 ffeebuff ^ ., Worth of «*» . « ^ eshould think not . Were black andThmey ? a JfeS'W ° thcS a ^ *«* . » - < «* 'io rarm \ tx-vSa
Untitled Article
« 'PoETRT " -The pieces headed When will right SfetsL . ' aE !? r » isifett trarderd to that gentleman . TflE K hghlef DisTBicT .-Julian Harney has rectived 80 s . from Mr Wells , Keighley , towards the amount due to the Printer , for printing for the late Convention , and ha » handed the same to that gentleman . The aforesaid svKtt of 30 s . was subscribed as follows : —The Chartists of Keighley . lOs ; do ., of Bingley , 10 s ; do ., af Sutton , 5 s ; do ., of Willsden , 5 s . —Total , £ 110 s . [ Ireturnmy thanks to the good and true men of the Keighley district for their prompt performanoe of a duty , yet to he falfilled by tli » great body of our Chartist friends . —G . Juhan
Barney . ] Oob Hongarian Fbiesd , Glasgow . —TVe will try to make use of your communications next week . It has been . impossible to do « o in this daj ' s paper , We will write ere long . James Wiuums , Salford . —Received . Matbos Estate . —r . G . P . —Mr . O'Connor will be able to complete the purchase if the money comes in . No . 2 . — It will b » possible to purchase without visiting the Estate . No . 3 . —It is little more than three miles froin the town of Great Malvern . A'CHABTIST , Northampton . —It i « not at all necessary that a person purchasing & portion of the Mathpll Estate , Should b « a member ot the Land Company , K . Baows , Middleton , should have been perfectly aware that no bank ia England is more secure—or perhaps as secure as the Land and Labour Bank , and he should alio understand that no depositor has applied for hit money , without having it by return of post . ¦
CoNGtBrox . —I have the pleasure of informing you that Bill Holme , the traitor who took Smith O'Brien is now no more . He di * d very suddenly on Saturday last . National Association of United Thades . —Ebbatom . — * At top of fifth . column , fith page , eighth Hue , commencing with : —! Evacuate their places and arrangements , for Social and political regeneration , 5 s a tiling tote utterly deplored and deprecated . ' Should read as follows : — 'Even into their plans and arrangements for social and political regeneration , is a thing to be utterly deplored and deprecated . ' J . Sweet , Nottingham , acknewledges the receipt of the following sums : —Debt doe to Printer—Mr . Hunt , 4 d ; Air . Knott , 3 d ; Mr . Chipindale , 6 d . Chartist Executive—Mi-. Beeton , Chilwell , 3 s . Victim Fund . —From Hutchison , 5 s . Fob Widows of Sharp and Williams . — Mr . Bend , Is ; G . Tomlinson , 2 d . Mb . G . Logan , Leeds . —I am not an officer of the Land
Company , but have forwarded your letter , Asa tnem-DGrl understand , by the rules , that I may dispose of the Scrip , but I cannot withdraw the deposits . If I was about to emigrate I should advertise the Scrip for sale . — W . Rideb . P . S . —All letters on the business of the Land Company should be addressed to the Directors , at the Office , Hi , Highllolbern .-W . R . Hdddebsfield . —Received bj Mr . S . Kydd—The proceeds of a ball , got up for the benefit of the Chartist cause , to be appropriated as follows : —Uebt due to printer , 10 s . ; for Wm . Cuffiiy , 2 s . Cd . ; for Messrs . Williama and Sharp ' s widows , 2 s . 6 d . ; for Dr . MTouall's writ of error , 2 s . Cd . ; for Mr . Macnamarra ' s action , 2 s . 6 d , ; to exempt prisoners from oakum picking , 2 s . Gd . ; for the familiesof prisoners , 2 s . 6 d . Mr . Peter Haneattie , Manchester , is requested to comrounicate with Mr . John Smith , 3 , Lauriston-street , Edinburgh , stating when he intends lecturing in that city .
Untitled Article
THE PORTRAIT OF KOSSUTH , Presented with the "Northern Star , " being in great demand , those who desire topossess that splendid and correct likeness of the Hungarian chief , may be supplied on application to Mr . J . Pavey , Holywell-street , Strand . An additional supply has just been printed , to accommodate those who were disappointed on the first issue .
Untitled Article
COMMERCIAL FEUDALISM AND SLAVERY . " The age of Chivalry is past . " The age of Commerce has superseded it . Feudalism , based upon land , has given place to feudalism founded on trade . In the " olden times , " Royalty reserved its smiles and its honours ' or the tournament and the battle-field . Up to a very recent perio d , even in our own country , they were bestowed almost exclusivel y upon men trained to the arts of war , and the characteristic court-spectacle of a landed aristocracy was a review in Hyde Parkor a grand
, field-day at Woolwich . "^ Vb « s awns changi tout ce /« , "—as our French neighbours say—We have changedall that . A new public opinion has been created , and the Court—with true state-craft , if not an enlightened prescience—is adapting itself to the altered position of affairs . In the person of her husband the Queen takes every opportunity of propitiating the trading classes , and of identifying hex- dynasty with their prosperity . A . few dayg ago a numerous and highl y influential meeting of citizens was held at the Mansion House , for the purpose of co-operating with Prince Albert in his nroDosed Exhi
bition of the Industry of all Nations . This week the Prince , accompanied by the heir to the throne , and b y his eldest daughter , has returne d the compliment by attending the formal opening of the New Coal Exchange . The illness of the Queen prevented her from being present , and so the " loyal citizens " had to comfort themselves as they best could , with the debut of the young Peince and PuKfCEss in public , as a substitute .
We are by no means disposed to be cynical on such occasions , though we may not bo able to fall into , or to imitate , the ecstawes of ., our contemporaries . Dull , indeed ; must be the man whose blood would not be quickened—whose imagination iQquld not be Btiryed—by . ' sueh a spectacle as "that which brightened the Thames and ' its shores on Tuesday last . It was , in all its accessories , pre-eminentl y national , and calculated to arouse the sympathies , the passions and even the prejudices , instilled from the cradle into the minds of a people who dai ™
tne hereditary empire of the Sea . Few have not endeavoured to realise to themselves the stately and gorgeous fe stivals of Venice , when her Doge proceeded towards the Adriatic Those who witnessed the river procession on Tuesday , must have felt that the vision was more than realised and that , too , in the midst of a city compared ^ vrth which th e " sea-born CTBELE , ' mher palmiest days , sinksinto com " parative insignificance .
• Aero ; indeed , m the history of the world before has there been an equal population crowded mto the same space . Nevef before an equal amount of wealth brought from S quarters of the globe , and concentratedTn on spot . Commercial feudalism may , with some considerable show of reason , look round upon its handiwork . It may boast of the forest of masts which darkens the bosom of the river for miles below London Brid ge , and point to the immense docks and warehouses which cover thousands of acres on each of its banks as evidences of its power . In these ware ' " ' ffjj Pj 1 ? « f ^ alth exceeding the wildest stretch of imagination , in the "fa bulous ages" of the world ' s youth . Ahn ^ Z
swsawarsft : compass : piles of wealth which it would see ™ Se ^ let ^ ^^ - ^ The new Temple of Trade , VhiA *« -
Untitled Article
work in the state I am ? Why , the best job I ' ve had 1 only got 3 d . by , and I don't make above 2 s . Gd . a week honestly n * the outside . We couldn't live on what we get , and yet we can live on a precious little here . Get a meal for five farthings . Afartlilng ' s worth of coffee , a farthing ' s worth of sugar , and half a pound of bread , three farthings . We can have a slap-up dinner for twopence ; a common one for a penny . ' * Oh , yes ' . a regular roarer for twopence , ' cried the beggar boy . 'Three halfpennyworth of middinc , and
( i halfpenny worth of gravy . ' 'Or else we can have , ' said auother , ' ' 2 \\ b . of taturs—that ' s a penny—and Jib . fourpenny bacon—that ' s another penny . That ' s what we calls a fust-rate dinner , Very often we ' re forced to put up with a penn ' orth of taturs and a halfpenny herring—thnt ' s a thrce-halfpenny diuner . There ' s a chap here was forced to do to-day with a ha ' p ' orth of taturs . He's been out ever since , and perhaps won't come in at all to-night . He'll walk the streets and starve . '
One glance move : it is at the sleepingplaces of the luckiest of these wretched slaves of the competitive commercial system : — Before my departure I went to inspect the bunks , ' as the beds are called , for which they are charged 2 d . per night . The dormitory was at first appearance exactly similar to a small Dissenting chapel , the divisions between the beds standing up like the partitions between the pews . On inspection , however , I found they were much closer , the
partitions being ouly twenty-two inches apart . So close ; indeed , were the Stints together , that 120 of them were stowed into a place about double the size of a four-still stable . At the bottom of each of these was spread a leather , and as I walked round the place I saw many shirtless men stretched there like corpses , in a bed as narrow as r coffin , with another leather to cover . The stench of the room was overpowering , and I hurried from the place , indeed a wiser and a ludder man .
" Horrible — horrible — most horrible !" " niostfouknd unnatural ! " must be the system which , in the very midst of almost boundless wealth , thus generates a mass of squalor and vice—of poverty and crime—which cannot be paralleled by the most barbarous tribes who roam the desert . And yet the day after this appalling description of the fearful condition of these wretched outcasts appeared in the "Morning Chronicle . " a scribe , who writes "leaders" for it , overflowed with fulsome , loyal , and patriotic eulogies on the greatness , and wealth , and happiness of this favoured nation ! AH the other ^ organs of the tnoneyocracy , of course shouted hi chorus in praise ofthegodAfAtoiON . : . '• Tr
But the system which thus murders the masses of the population , soul and body , must be stripped of its gaudy robes , and exhibited in its naked deformity . Mankind must not bo content to exchange the serfdom of the landlord for that of the money-lord and the merchant . The Sovereign and her Consort should be reminded , also , that they have higher duties to perform than even to foster and encourage a commercial greatness , the benefits of which are monopolised by the few . " Train up thy children , England , In the ways of vighteousness—and feed them And feed them with the bread of wholesome
doctrine . Where hast thou thy mines—but in their industry ? Thy bulwarks where—but in their breasts ? Thy might But in their arms ? Shall not their Numbers , therefore , be thy "Wealth ? Thy Strength , —thy Power , —thy Safety , —and thy Pride ? O Grief ! then—grief and shame , If in this flourishing land there should be dwellings Where the new-born babe doth bring unto its parents' souls No joy ! vrhsre squalid Poverty receives it at Us birth , And on her withered knees Gives it the scanty bread of discontent . "
Untitled Article
children will have to gain their ihS ^ T ' agncu turn labourers , and where ™ S gaged m other occupations , the generK P « of annexing allotments to cottages !«? J ^^ ofgt ^^ ofa . bX ^ SSi to the enauts . I mt with a slwernvhrhS WHO from , a quarter op an acre nfn received ten POUNDS in return for the Ire due , from January t 0 August , besides pkntiS , supplymg hvnuef and family witkv ? gea bP After showing in detailthe defects of the
, prcsnnf : Wnvlrii / nicA fi !« i i- . . i .. . P sent Workhouse Schools , and the ^ n c S % deteriorating influence on the children Mr Turcraa proceeds to say : -- All the evu and difficulties above enumerated « £ j < S of bSlra t tereine ( ly b ? the «>™» ti « n en * neighbouring & £ ?« £ ? ££ mon School ; and I cannot but think that its
provisions would , ere this , have been called into action , had guardians sufficiently considered the advantages of such a consolidation * n here a large body of children is collected , an expenditure for their accommodation may be justified , which would be ruinous , and almost impracticable , on a small scale . A sufficiency of land would , of course , be attached to such an establishment , and thus their health and industry would both be cared for in the best way , A 6 the best rotation of crops , savin ? manure , &c , would be a special object of attention , the produce might be expected to be very large . The greater part of the food required would , in fact , be raised by the labour of the children ; and , hence , a material reduc .
tion in the cost of keeping them would accrue . The application of spade husbandry , tinder intelligent guidance , would cause a far greater saving in provisioning such an establisfonent than many persons would imagine . I found that one boy at Tunbridge Wells had made from the twentieth part of an acre , two pounds twelve shillings profit in a year , deducting all expenses . In a Union in East Kent—which during the year , had never more than forty-fire inmates in it , and , consequently , not nioro than ten or a dozen boys , able to work—4 / jQ sacks of potatoes had been raised in the course of the year : after supplying all the inmate , tnth ^ vegetables , the remainder had been sold
Contrast this mode of bringing up the youth thrown on thecharity of the country—whether with reference to its moral or pecuniary rci sults-with the following , by the same iuspceii ^ a ~ a A PauP ° r W' « ot taught to be hone : t and industrious , w . U , in all probability , be a ourtlen on the parochial funds , in after-life and may cost his parish 300 / . or 400 / . before he dies . _ If , as is too often the result in such cases , his bad training leads him into criminal courses , he will plunder society out of about 25 s weekly , w 667 . a year , acrordihg to the estimate in the constabulary report . If he gets stopped in his career by being committed to Tarkhurst Prison , he will cost the country , about Zl / . per annum , besides the expenses of nis conviction ; and , if placed in anv othrr
pnson , or transported , his yearly cost to tne country ma y bo double or triple that sum . " Mmoney seems to return so good an intenst as that which is laid out in securing the morals of the labouring classes . " Mr . Bowyek , the Inspector of the Eastern and Midland Districts , supports these views at groat length , and with much ability , besides graphically » showing up " the defective—if not absolutel y mischievous—results of the pro sent modes of supplying an industrial training . Ono objection to teaching boys shoemakin « tailoring , and similar trades in workhouse
schools , is that it leads to overstocking the market with shoemakers and tailors ; and , consequently , does not securo the object iu view , namely , to render the pupil self-supporting . This does not' apply to agricultural industry , which , in the first placo nerves the oody and mind of the labourer for healthy and hardy exertion , and in the next , enables him , on a small plot of ground , to earn his own subsistence . Mr . Bowyer gives detailed estimates of the cost of a District Union School , and a Farm attached to it ; the general result of which
is , that while they would provide for the instruction and industrial training of the youihM poor , in an infinitely superior manner the produce from the farm cultivated by spado labour -and the saving of money by tne consolidation of the educational and industrial departments—would cause both an immediate and prospective saving and ultimately , such establishments might be self-supporting « I am » 8 ayg Ml , B () „ col ndent that agriculture would form by far the most advantageous employment of the children slabour ; and , on account of its superiorit y as a means of industrial traininff . that
the farm should form the principal feature of the school Spade husbandry is obviously the kind of agriculture most adapted to an industrial school . " In support of this opinion , the Inspector proceeds to prove by well ascertained facts , and the opinions of the best authorities , that it will also yield the greatest profit . After T ^ u ^ ' - ™™ , Mr . Mitchell ot Suflolk , and Professor Cutiibert Johnson , oS ? % V ? of spade h « sbandry , lie Cites the followmg remarkable insran ™ « f »*
value ailorded by the monastery established among some barren hill , in jWrnhh ? under the title of St . Bernard ' s Abbey By means of the spade , those monks have raised an estate of 10 G acres , consisting party of stone , and partly of bog , and of which the cost price was only £ 9 per acre , to the present value of between 50 ? . and 601 . an acre " Another striking illustration is to be found 2 * 0 «^ roat made by Mr . Alloavat , formerl of
y governor the Tendring workhouse ' the condition in vhich he found the land elpnging to the workhous e is thus described - ' < Before the house was built , it was a heath called the Hundred Heafli , belonging to tboLord of the Manor , and for many years the neig hbouring farmers , when requiring earth for their manure heaps , luri carted largo quantities of the top soil for that purpose . On tlie Guardians obtaining possession , one part of their contract was to
find earth for making bricks for the house . Tho heath supplied the whole , and when the house was finished , a large sum was paid to level the ground ; the situation being damp some hundred loads of earth had htm to " viously carted to raise the site of the house leaving many parts of the heath entirely bare of soil ; indeed the nature of the soil was so proverbiall y bad , that the Guardians , not tlimkmg it worth cultivation , had the greater pert p anted with oak trees , and in thi ! state 1 tound it on taking office in 1840
« , u- ? l \ it l slstln ° of five andhah ' acres , was cultivated by the boys wtU the following result :-In the year 1839 , the sum expended for potatoes [ for the house ] , was&Eo 7 . For the last six years tti « swn has heen saved , besides gaining £ 3 Qc £± fop potatoes sold . The paupers have also \ id the bonent of a change of vegetables ; cabbages , carrots , parsnips , turnips , onions , and leeks ; clover , oats , lucerne and tares , nearly sufficient for one horse lor the year , have been grown for tho last four years . Last year £ 7 12 * . was received for ivfteat sold . Several pigs kept on tho premiss have also been partly fed by the produce of the gr > im « l . " Mr . IIuiist , chairman of the visiting committee of the
Bedford union , states that the net uroduce of three acres , cultivated by the able-bodied men , averages nearly £ 17 an acre ; as much also is made by the ( . iuiUci'ossjanion . Mr . 15 ow \ uu adds , "I have adduced this evidenco 10 shoiv the jwoduetlve power ot spade husbandry on land which would yield no pmlt tothplough ; not as examples for imitation in the quality of the soil . I am , on the contrary , convinced that the better the soil the greater would be tk profit derived from it ; " and , in support of this oyinion , ho adduces the following instances , —An aj ? ed and intirm cottager named John Dumbroll , rcsidins at Javington , near Eastbourne . Droduced his a £
counts before the Select Committee , on Allotments They proved that in the year 1840 , he obtained oi three acres of land , viz . two and a half arable ani half an acre pasture , a net profit of £ 23 lls . Cd ., o nearly £ S an acre . In the year 1841 , he again , o : three and a quarter acres , obtained a cleat mitr
®O Uronwoifiiwwfc
® o uronwoifiiwwfc
Untitled Article
m REVIVAL OF CHARTISM . Mr . O'Cosxob and other Chartist leaders willjattend the Meetings at John-street , on Tuesday night nest , and at the South London Hall on the following Wednesday , to elect delegates to the Metropolitan Conference , to be convoked for the purpose ol reviving Chartism .
The H0rt1ern Star. Saturday, November 3, 1s49. J
THE H 0 RT 1 ERN STAR . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 3 , 1 S 49 . J
Untitled Article
— ¦*» National Reform Leag ue . — Wo are requested to apprise our readers , that the next meetings of the recently formed National Reform league , will be held on Thursday evening , the 8 th , at the Wheatsheaf , Hand-court , Holborn ; and on Friday evening , the 16 th , at the Literary Institution , Johnstreet , Eitzroy-square , G . W . M . Reynolds , Esq ., in the chair . ; .
Untitled Article
ADOPTION OF THE O'CONNOR CURE FOR PAUPERISM BY THE GOVERNMENT . None of our readers can have forgotten the unqualified condemnation of the National Laud Plan by Mr . Raven , the Poor Law Commissioner . He repeatedly assured the Select Committee of the House of Commons , that small farms and spade'husbandry must inevitably and irresistibly pauperise every family that relied upon them as a means of subsistence . The Land , so far from fructifying and improving under such cultivation ,
would rapidly and seriously deteriorate , and even if the occupants did not pay a farthing of rent , in the course ' of two , or , at most , three years , the whole of them would have to seek shelter and relief in the workhouse . In short , small . farms and spade labour , to this "learned , " " experienced , ' * arid most positive gentleman , were synonymous with " pauper warrens , " and ought to be discouraged by all means , as tending to the degradation and impoverishment of the people .
Truly and properly docs Mr . O'CoNXOlt SO frequently reiterate , u The foolishness of to-day is the wisdom of to-morrow , " "We have now lying before us " The Minutes of the Committee of Council on Education , with Appendices , presented to the Houses ' of Parliament by Command of her Majesty , " in this prosent year . The said " appendices'' consist of the reports of five inspectors to " My Lords " of the committee , as to the present education ofthe pauper children within their respective districts , and the means they suggest for its
improvement . These Inspectors , be it observed , may be looked upon as essentiall y a portion of the machiner y for working the Poor Law , because , though transferred to the nominal control of the Committee on Education , they are , in effect , carrying out the Educational Department of the Poor Law Commission ; and , looking at the instructions given to them , their can be no doubt but that their reports are meant to give support and authority to the pre-determined plans , both of the Committee and the Poor Law Board , or , in other words , the Government , '
From the beginning to the end of this state document , we are continually reminded that the great object is to diminish pauperism effectually , by introducing into full operation "those moral agencies which the authors of the Poor Law Amendment Act have been accustomed to plead as the true means of elevating the poor . " The most powerful and lasting of these u moral agencies , " in the estimation of the Government , is to be found in the improved education and industrial training of pauper children . "To overlook this improvement , " says , Mr . IUy Siiuttlewortii , " will encumber the workhouses with vicioub youths , reared in ignorance and idleness , to be a burden to the country , cither in its workhouses or its gaols . "
What are the specific means recommended for this object ? District Schools and SrADE Labour— -the thing " wluck Mr . Raven said would breed paupers ! The Inspectors , while citing authorities , and arguing earnestly in favour of the latter , never allude to Mr . O'Connor , or his writings on the subject . He can afford to laugh at the omission , when he sees them adopting his principles , supporting his data , and carrying out his objects . Let us , as briefly as possible , give a few examples from this governmental authority of the physical , moral , educational , and
economical advantages of spade husbandry . Mr . Tufnell , Inspector of the Metropolitan Districts , after noticing the stunted growth less healthy look , and inferior physical developement of boys in WorkhouSG schools , as compared with the girls , attributes the difference entirely to " the want of appropriate industrial work for the boys . " " Iu L far thp majority of workhouses the boys Je exclusivel l
i i empoyed in shoemaking and tailoring , L 5 m ? P' OCCU P atious J opportanitfi toi athletic sports are rare , and thus at an a * c when the frame is forming , ancl exerefsc necessary to its full development , they Z koptm a way that readily accounts for their SS ? 7 ly 5 ical "PPonraiioo . In some country establishments , where tho torn arc more om tit . fiel < ? laboui > > this infcSoi ? y of h pcarance is not perceptible , and this Lt col mS- PTvT \ *? fche true cause of a& maiked difference of tho sexes in some
workof tilT ? j Vie ^ securln £ tlie hoaMh Itft' T t 0 most othev > and if we bSL ? ?* ¥ ' Vith roference t 0 tlleil > Probable destination in after life , the utility of this species of employment becomes still more obvious . The greater proportion of workhouse
Untitled Article
4 m - THE NORTHERN STAR . November 3 , 1849 .. ^¦ —wmmm ^™— — ¦
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 3, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1546/page/4/
-