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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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"» ' ^ TBTJTB WW ! TOrjTflB , /? NA-: ^ Pw ? gH s ^^^ f I ; ' fl " AfiiC . d W » j-w ^ 4 *« r . d ^ y'i . irodJ . » : ; ni BTJ .. B . . M . ' KK ? OK . - ,. Ti -. . £ r .. J ; ' ¦ Yfl ooor to each as brothers be , ? ' , - S& 6 nefona , fimand , - / : ;; •" ., To storm the might ; ' . ... That wrongs the right , — :. ¦ " j om heart with heart , grasp hand in hand . Heed not the dastard coward knave , "Who'd crouch arid bow : at , tyrants ' ,. sight ,-r' - - How gain'd thy wealth , r - ,.. ;> . r ;
But by the . stealth , - > Ofindustryiand labour ' sright * TVhat mates the titled marquis , duke , Or higher still , your Queen ; your crown ? 'Tis labour ' s arm - —> - Ay , e ' enit 8 charm , : ' And yet ' tis welcomed , by ajfrown . : This in a country . { mis ) -called . free ,. .. The p ride of natipns ( i ) happy islefj ) Allatthename . . ; Should blush with shame . The tear bedeck the place of smile . What form that hath a heart within , . That would not aid in freedom ' s cause , To gain the same ,
Say , more-r-the fame ,. - Of "Equal rights and equal lawB . " Upraise ye , then , the tuneJiascome Por labour ' s just reward to . gain ; Try first the need ,. V ' And soon the deed ; ' THllfollow in the ; train . - ¦ - ' _ ¦ ¦ " -. TO HAZZIXIAND KOSSUTH . ; BY WILtULM WHIIMOBB . ' 'JVas the old story ! liberty ^ rose __ " march
And gloriously ler world-wide begun-Bnt to be crushed agam by bandied foea . Tet though now baffled , seemingly , undone , ¦ Te have , transcendant heroes , our age won Prom tame degeneracy ; yonr life deeds give ^ Assurance that the hopes of ages gone—Bienri ' Koscuisko ' s souls—yet live ; And with them are your names , though now maligned , - In man s deep heart of hearts , Fames noblest temple , shrined ! A y and vour cause itt failure ' shall retrieve ! Eossnth droop not , the 3 Iagyar * » strength
matnres : „ Maami , to thy life ' s Idea still cleave ! Triumph for Right the coming time assures ; The patriot flame , ye kindled , yet endures ; And though awhile it smoulder , soon elate—Consuming all . Time ' s rubbish , pomps , thron'd powers , ; . Corruptions— 'twill the nations renovate . The phonix , Freedom ; ay , will , spring replete "With fresh life-Tigour from the ashes of defeat ! Leicester . • ¦ ¦ - - " ¦ "• :: " . '¦ Cooper ' s Journal .
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Declaration of Citizen A . L . Mes LecAetaKer , ex-member ef ihe Caaasattee of the Public Press , andqf the Socialist Committee , fyc . % c . CmzEN Jnles'Iiechevalierisone of the condemned of the " 13 th of Jnne . " The pamphlet before na is a translation of the Declaration he sent to the High Coart of Versailles , explaining his non-appearance on the occasion of his trial before that court , and further , -the motives which influenced him to join in the protest of the " 13 th of June . ' * Citizen Lechevalier enjoys a nig h reputation as a man of talent , and Ms name is honourably associated with those who haTe struggled to break the chains of the negro . To his credit it should
be added that , in Ms efforts during the reign of Louis Philippe , to accomplish negro emancipation m the French colonieB , lie desired " to . lead the black and coloured people from the -state of slavery to that of association , by suppressing the intermediate period of pauperism -and of proletariat , which forms , in the present < Iay , the condition of the great hulk of the people in European societies . " Saying this much in justice to Citizen Lechevalier , we must add , that we mid little in his connexion vith French politics—until sharing in the protest of the " 13 th of June" —wMch we can approve of . Although a Socialist from the year 1829—when he became a convert to the ¦ doctrines nf SL Simon—he seems to have
1 > een anti-republican and anti-revolutionary throughout the reign of Louis Philippe . He speaks of his "fruitless efforts and sacrifices io consolidate the Government of 1830 ; " and avows that he laboured " to prevent the toolegitimate explosion of 1848 . " He adds : — * ' 1 was not present at the banquets organised tyJtM . Odilon Barrot , de Malleville , Leon Faucher , Thiers , and Davergier deHanranne . I neither cried * Vivt la Biforme before , nor during the days of February . " Most of the English Socialists have played a similar part in politics ; but the days of that " old school' * are past . "
Though not a Republican , de la veille , Citizen Lechevalier seems to have honestly accepted the Republic , which he declares to be the only Government henceforth possible in France . " - Connected with'the Tribune des Peuples , he published in that journal the documents which ; emanating from the Mountain , the Socialist Committee , and the Committee of the Republican Press , formed part of the groundworkfbr the accusations directed against the proscribed of the " 13 th of Jnne . " Having escaped to England , he very wisely refused to obey the summons to appear before the High Court of Versailles , and was condemned , by default , to " transportation for life . " "We extract a few paragraphs from this pamphlet : —
ECKOPE BETBATED BT THE PBEsCH GOVESKliB . iT . The French Republic of 1848 has remained deaf , blind , and paralytic , when the cry of the peoples called for its active intervention at Milan , at Berlin , si . Naples , at "Vienna 1 Under the presidency of the &eir of the name of Napoleon , who appears to have also inherited his lore for papal "restorations and alliances of dynasties , the Freach Republic has gone forth , in company with four monarchical powers , to restore the throne of the successor of Gregory TIL ! I dare to predict to the iaithles 3 conservative ? , who , for the sake of their own material interests alone , hare imposed this egotistical prudence on the government of their country , that they-will ere long repent of it , and that they will be punished by the very thing in which they have aimed .
the 13 zhof juke . In Principle , the Insurrection was legitimate according to the tarns of the Constitution of 1848 . The institutions on which France is settled are not the Work of ages . The origin of most governments is Violence and usurpation , bronght about by might and cunning . But with us , this rocky , substratum his not been concealed by the alluvium of centuries fceneath the fertile soil of a legitimate and legal Order , to which the free assent of the citizens , and the regular exercise of all the powers , have given a regular . consecration . The foundations of our political state are still laid bare , and every one can convince himself that the insurrectional principle prevailed in the formation of all the nnwera which have
destroyed each other since 1789 . Among all the judges , active magistrates , and the jury forming the , High-Court of Yersaules , there are very few who have not recognised and . practised , directly or indirectly , the right of insurrection , and who in particular have not profitted by the exercise that Eas been made of it b y the people . Nobody , not even the first magistrate of the Republic , has , therefore , the right to be ' scandalisedwhen , considering insurrection as the last extremity to which the citizens are used to have recoursein extreme circumstances , 1 declare that if ever insurrection has been legitimated and authorised by the flagrant violation of the social compact , itiras that which would iave taken place on the 13 th of June , had we bees " Willing to call it forth .
THEBEALTKAITOBS . . . "Who has betrayed this revolution ? "Who has Compromised it ? Who has caused it to go the " » n-ong way ? "Who , sometimes by stratagem , somer times by violence , but always by an obstinate denial Of all social reform , and by indifference for the prin-« 'Ple of fraternity , and of ihe solidarity of , nations , « as compelled the popular energy to overflow , so "" p eassnaMy , in the everto be deplored events of Ulfil 5 th May and 23 rd June ; 1843 ? Who ? The reaction , that is to say , a new coali-M > n , a new conspiracy , a new plot , a new attaitat WaU the egoUma ,. of all the superstitions , all the jepresentatives , more or less disguised , of clerical , %% ; anafittaneia ab » lqtism . * -- . ¦ ¦ ' . ' - r ^^^ rr ^ BKHocRkTic iin > sociai BBpiraiuoi ' " * have witnessed the victorious ' people nagnani-Wy laying . down their arm ^ forgVtting all , ibrfi l "ng all , ; and ; Juimbly ; wwting . TrMIrt It deTOted
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three months of miser / "to -theF-servico- dFffie ^ S ? ^ ublio ^ the cbtfcessioniofall , ; tho ^ rights i ? aieft : it might then have , sei ? ed and which- nq . iono i ^ thai timerwould havejdaredto dispute . *"" " " " / ' ^ ; . Thepioplftiea&e M ^ pub ^ sequences of the . stfcM ^ dogWa , ' UtifaX ^ J&Ki ' Fraternity ; in the workshop ; aSinthe'city i and ! the state . ¦ •! ' The" Socialists teach : the way and the mean * of organising definitiyely . 80 ciety , for the successful carryingiputoftheseprinqiples . ; .,., " , ' . " -. ' ¦ The Republic , organised by the people , a ' nd for tb * people ,. witKUniversal . Sttfirageas the means , '" and Socialism as the dogma ' arid '" aim , the Democratic and Social Republic , as the only government henceforth possible and lawful in France . . Such has been , such is still , for me , the historical logic , the straight line in the march of the revolution of February , and ' of Our OWN KATIOSAL PRORRESS . ' ''" ' ' ' '
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The Progressionist . London : Collins , 39 , Holywell-stree ^ Strand ; - '¦¦¦ - ' _ '¦' - ' : This cheap and good publication should be better supported than it appears to be . In . the twenty-third number , at present before us , we observe a number , of excellent articles ,. from one of which , headed . " What do the People require to obtain their Freedom % '" we give the following extract : —
. . GKI , KSOWLEUQE . "What do we want my brothers in order that we may obtain our freedom ? I reply knowledge , KNOWLEDGE IS POWER . Brother proletarians , we complain , and justly , that we , the enrichers and benefactors of our country , should be without those rig hts which appertain to man . But what is it that enables the ruling classes to refuse all concessions ? The want of knowledge by the people . We . complain , and jnstly , of the immense power of the clergy , the superstition which they breed , the bigotry which they engender , the errors which they accumulate , the truths , which they , darken , the liberty which they crush , and the happ iness which they destroy . Bat what is it that gives the clergy
such a frightful power ! The ; ignorance of our order . We complain , and justly , of the baleful influence of an aristocracy . But wkat , I ask , led to the formation of such a body in the first instauce , and to its toleration afterwards ? The ' . want . of knowledge by the people . We complain , and justly , of the horrors of our social system—that the lives of the people should be abridged by excessive toil to produce a few . useless baubles for the gratification of' a horde of aristocratic and royal thieves in court and mansion—that hundreds of men . should be necessitated to labour sixteen or eighteen hours a-day , in © rder that one man may have the splendours of furniture ; equipage , and dress—that thousands of men should be oblieed to ploush the earth .
to sow and reap , that one woman may have grand palaces , and a large establishment—that one . class should , have a thousand times more house-accomodationsthan its members can occupy , a thousand times more land than they can cultivate , ' coats which they- can never wear , meat and bread which they . can never , eat , and furniture altogether unrequired ; while : there are millions of anotherclas 3 who . are completely ' landless , houseless ; clothless , andfoodless . And what enables the idle few thus to prey upon the vitals of the toilinj many ? The want' of knowledge by the people . The people of England and Ireland are unhappily acquainted with suffering and want , and they have as unhappily been taueht b y a base and lyine priesthood , to believe
that God is the author of their privations—that he mercifully chastens his poor one on earth to prepare them for heaven . And millions of our brethren belieyethis devilish" device of the parsons . Now we require a counteracting influence to operate on the minds of our countrymen . ' , I am glad to believe that we have many men , such as Barker , ' who are scattering these grey errors of old orthodoxy like chaff before the wind . And we have Howitt exposing the villany and greedy neediness of our vile state church clergy , and dissecting , the Machiavellian aristocracy of England ; and we have Reynolds laying bare the infernal monstrosity and horrible injustice of the system of aristocratical legislation under which we live ; and we have Eydd ably
advocating the claims of labour , and familiarising the minds of the people with great principles ; and we have T . Cooper powerfully aiding the good work of enlightenment and we have Julian Harney illuminating the minds of the mass on the Foreign questions , and enlisting the sympathies of the people in favour of the oppressed of every clime ; but the influence of our friends is but limited , in consequence of the comparative few to whom they write . Their writings do not reach the great mass for whom they are intended . I believe that much might be . done by active young men , combining their brethren in their localities , forming committees for the express purpose of extending-the ' sale of our Democratic ] Reviews , Journdts Inrtructors , Peoples , Progressionists ,-
and Spirits .. As democrats , we may well be ashamed of the eomparitively scanty number of our organs , and thejpoor circulation which they receive . " We have to enlighten the minds of the people before we ban hope ! for any permanent improvement in our condition" ^ or reform in ourjnsti-tutions . To enlighten the minds of . the people we must have an enlarged number of organs , and an increased number of readers .. Ignorance has forged the chains of slaverv , and manacled the' limbs of the people , but intelligence will snap them asunder , unlock the gyres of the slave , bid the oppressed go free , and fight up the world with the ambient rays of liberty and truth . The rail and the mighty steam ship is
bridging the vasty deed , bringing the ends oi the earth together , mind in contact with mind , patriot with patriot , extending wondrous influences for the good of humanity . And we must by means of the press scatter millions of iacts among the people—we must teach the cause of their suffering , and point out the remedy for the disease . ' If we can but succeed in uprooting the infernal lies instilled in their minds by an hireling priesthood , we shall have done something—when we shall have taught the cause of their condition , we shall have done more—and when they shall see clearly the remedy to be applied , one part of the work will have been done .
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- - 'liUir-i ? WXl ^ l ^ lSB ^ F ^ ifJMi'iyfrW if ^ ¦ -it ' * i C 9 m % a ^ &omUi 3 ^ hXiChYdten . $ ti \ '!^; iV » " ^ Vit » 3 r -k 5 sn v >»* r ' 37 £ -te . - » rfe v {!•; ¦;¦« . i / ri ' THE-ifa ^ mfWORKEB ^ OP ; SAPPLf ^ OpH , Th e-naiaeef ^ Sftddlewprthiis . appliedtoairanfeiof wild and-MJy country , about seven miles loc « a « cl Srerbrbad , lyini ' im the ' westera confihesNof : fbrltibire / and jaeludlog ohe ^ spot from which ' ' a ' -waWp ' f tea minutes will ^ carry ^ the visitor across the boobdanesoif four coiintjes , 'into Iancashire , ; Ohoshirei-Dearbyshire ; andiTorfwbire . ¦ : ¦! Toallintents andpurposes ,.. however ,, Sadd fewprth lies 'in the latter e < n ^ 5 # £ 9 * . inddeepvalleys dividing ; the wqollen from thft'cottob cities , and beiti ?
themselves peopled By a hardy ; indastribus- and primitiverace , engaged ra the manufacture of flannel and cloth—sometimes m voilh-aud . sometimes ; by their own , bearth 8 , ; in , w . hich » latter case the business : of a dairy farmer is often ^ added tot ^ iat of a manufacturer , and the same hand ? ply the' shuttle and milk the cows . ; . Saddle worth' is npwintersec ' tecl'bythB Leeds and HuddersfleH Rail Way i and , as a consequence , is beginning toilose much < 6 t those primitive characteristics for which it was long renowned . Until recently there was no regular means of transit : from many of its valleys to the more open parts of the country . Goods were conveyed by the Manchester and Huddersfield Canal ; ' and many - a small manufacturer and comfortable farmer grew erer
amid tne mils , without having . ever journeyed further , than Oldhara and Staleybridge on the one hand , and . perhaps Huddersfield , ' or at furthest Leeds upon the other . ' The rail ha 9 , npweyer , thrown open the wilds of Saddleworth to the ¦ world . Mills , driven by water and steam , are rising : on every hand , and the old-fashioned domestic industry carried on in the field and the . loom-shop is gradually dying away . " . ' .-. ' ' ' . ' r Ientered Yorkshirehy way of Oldham . Tosome extent the domain of cotton seems to be invading that of wool , yfor , asimy , vehicle slowly toiled up the steep ascents of the . many . ribs , which branch ; from the '; " backbone : of England , " the , driver pointed out to me several old woollen ^ mills which ardr ' now cotton factories . ' : . ' : '; i . » " ¦ • > iy ! . i ; n-
Saddleworth would appear to be the paradise-of the , manufacturing districts . After describing the general process of the woollen manufacture , ^ and a visit to one of the mills , thVwriter . ' reports ' jwhdt he -witnessed in the homes of the workers '; ' ' ] '¦ "¦ ' ¦ : ' ¦ ¦] . Without a single exception , I found them neat , warm , comfortable , and . ' clean . They consisted almost universally of a common room , serving as parlour and kitchen , a scullery behind it , and two or more bed rooms ' uprstairs . ' The' main rooms were , I think , his a general rule , larger than those I have lately : been accustomed to see : The Boors were stone flagged , nicely-, sanded . Samplers . and pictures uniformly , ornamented the walls , and- the furniture was massive and old-fashioned ' : ' the ohairs
with rush ' bottoms and high wellrpWished backs . The characteristic feature of these cottages was universal . It consisted of a sort of net stretched under the ceilings and filled with crisp oat cakes . These . formerlyconstituted almost . the only bread consumed in the district , " buf ; home-baked yhe ^' ten loaves are iow coming ^ in ' tb . ' general use ! " Indeed almost every family' in Saddleworth bakes its own bread and brews its own ate-a capital nutty flavoured beverage it ia ., The compositiou of the pat cakes ia however , held to require a peculiar genius , " and when a matron gets ' , a reputation , in that way .- she ' frequently bakes for half a village . '¦'¦ At Saddleworth-fold , the . houses are occupied by families who are at once spinners , weavers , and ¦
farmers . The . hamlet :. was a curious irregular clump of old-fashioned : houses , looking as if they had been flung . accidentally together up and down a little group of knolls . Over the small' latticed windows were carved mullions of ' stone ; and in a little garden-grew & few box-wood trees , " dipt into the quaint : shapes which we associate with 'French ' and Butch gardening . ¦ The man whose . establish * ment wehaucometo ^ ee was . a . splendid specimen of humanity- ^ tall , stalwart ) with a gripe like a vice and a back asupright as a pump-bolt , although he was between' seventy and eightv year ' s of age . Vfe entered the principal room of his house ; it was a chamber which a novelist ; would ' lore to ; paint—so thoroughly , yet comfortably , old-fashioned , . with . its
nice-sanded floor , its great rough beams , hung with goodly flitches of bacon , its . quaint latticed ' windows , its high mantel-piete , reaching almost to the roof , over the roaring coal-fire ,. its . ancient , yet strong , and substantial furniture , the chest . of drawers' and cupboards of polished' oak / and the chairs so low-seated and so high-backed . An old woman , the wife of the proprietor , sat by ! the chimney-corner , with a grandchild in . her'lap . Her daughter was engaged in some household work beside her . In this room the whole family , journeymen and all , took their meals together . Porridge and milk was the usual breakfast . For dinner they ; had potatoes and bacon , and sometimes beef , with plenty of oat bread ; and for supper ,
"buttercake , " or porridge again . The old man had never travelled further than Derby . He'had'thought of going to London once , but his heart failed him and he had given up the idea . ' He did not at all approve of the new-fangled mill-system ,, and liked-the old- ; fashioned way of joining weaving and farming much better . He , could- just remember the building of the newesthousein Saddleworth-fold . He thought the seasons had somehow changed in Saddleworth , for snow never lay upon the ground as it used to do , and the scanty crops of oats here and there sown did not ripen so well . - The daughter having in the meantime placed oat cake . and milk before me , the patriarch observed that until he was twenty , he had never tasted wheaten bread , until his mother lay
in . In the room above us were two or three looms ,, and as many spinning jennies . " . They produced flannel and doeskin . Weaving and spinning formed the chief occupation of his family—they attended to the cows ,, of which he had four , and to the dairy , in their leisure time . lie paid his sons no regular wages , but gave them board , lodging ; and clothing , and " anythme reasonable" if they wanted to go toa hunt or a fairer i " sooch-loike . "; :, ' ; : . ; I may as well state here that the country , weavers of Saddleworth are , like Himrod , ; mighty hunters . Every third or fourth irian keeps his beagle or his brace of beagles , and the gentlemen who subscribe to the district' hunt pay the taxes on the dogs . There are ho foxes in Saddleworth-7 the country ,
indeed , is too Bare for . them to pick ; up a living ; but haras abound , and occasionally the people have " trail" hunts—the quarry being a herring or a bit of rag'dippedm oil dragged : . "icro ' ss the country by an active runner , with an hours ' . law .: A few , but only a very few , ; pursue the' sport .. on . " horsebackthe weavers , who form the great majority of the hunt , trusting . to their own sound lungs arid well strung sinews to keep within sight of the dogs . Even the discipline of the mills is as yet in many instances insufficient to check this inherent passion for the chase . My informant , himself a millowner , told me that he had recently arranged , a hunt totry the mettle of some dogs from another part of Yorkshire aeainst the native breed . He had tried to keep
themattera 3 quiet as he could , but it somehow leaked out , and the result was ^ that several mills were left staading and that , five hundreds carders , slubbers , spinners , and . weavers formed , the field . The masters ,. however ,, are . ofton too . keen' sportsmen themselves to grudge their hands an bcca i sional holiday of the sort . : The Saddleworth weavers must be excellent fellows torun . A year or two ago , a gentleman , resident there , purchased a fox at Huddersfield , and turned him loose at Upper Mill , a spot ahnost in the centre of the hills , There started on the "trail upwards of 300 sportsmen on foot . Reynard led the chace nearly to Manchester , a distance of about twenty miles , ahd then doubled' haok .-almost to the place where he
was unbagged , favouring his : pursuers with an additional score of miles' amusement . ; Of the 300 , starterB , upwards of twenty-fiy iB wjere in ' ^ at 'the death . My mformant had . reason tff ' remember the . chace , for it cost him the bursting of a blood-vessel . In passing through the little village of ; Duboross il observed a quaint tavern sign ,, illustrative . of the ruling passion . , On the board wasonsmbed " Hark to Bouuty— -hark . " " .. ' , ; ... ln ¦ , |; , FromUpper Mill I proceeded to a village called Delphi where there ' are only a very few mills ; and round which is scattered a thiok popuhtipnofsmall farmers and hand-loom . weavers . The cottages of many of . these , p eop le are perched far up among the hills , on the very edge of the moors . , As ^ general rule , the houses are inferior , both in construotion and cleanliness ; 'tothose nearer the mills rand I . !„¦>„ u < . aifhniiuh the accounts I received were
often most puKlingly ¦™* aitt W ^^ Z £ t 3 wages is decidedly lower . : In several of the jremote dwellines I found beds of no inviting appearance in the loom room ; , and , broken . windows weje oiten patched with old hats ,. and - dirty clothes . The hand-jenny spinners , when m employment ,, earn as a pretty general rule ; abbiit 8 s . a ^ eek . JTh e weavers , % b I havesidd , may , and . often domake 15 s . and 17 s . per week ; but ,. taking thevearrpun ^ , SSsai 2 SSttt ^ hvBt&& ! WS&SgZC round Huddersfield and Halifax . . . .- . : , . k ^ , Even in this favoured district the wmpwitajg prosperous and comfortable condition of the people Isteadilv tBedecline The factorysyBtera bids
s on . . . worked ih other parts ; - ! pn ^ the ^ - « f ! ° ? Delph ,-a weaver ; a verv « i K ^ bad more : W indeed , tV ^ most Pf his class , % ; hohaA travelled much , and been . twico in Amey ^^ gaYe me some curiouY inforniation . ^ e confinned . what the old man at Saudlewertltfold had stated , as to the non-ripbning of thtfbats sown ^ now-a ^ ays , and spoke BensUly enough about maohineryi i ^ - Maohinerv , ? he ; said ; ¦ had ! been < a great ; adyantage , t 9 fl » w 7 » «; longMJfcwwPWtty : » iOT ^ , J ^ j j for then hexould use it for . ^ hislpwn ; behoot . ; uis mother ^ hadtbl d him tha t in her youngs * , « W » f diatafiE was the Only drawing implement W-ti&iWi ¦ ¦'¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦•¦¦>¦ - > ¦)*¦ tf ' . lHMWl iv-Ut ' J Si !¦ ¦>¦¦ ¦ :
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the oldiasTi ' ioh ^ feeif # ftMinWspindlc , wa ! fl I ^ TO spw ^ ing . appSrafofffcnQwn .. "Mph' pM by the road , side . to-day ; .: ife ' taosedays , , it jrimty have takto ; adozeii ; of ; psoplev ^ wit hf a- dozen of wbeel ? , more than a week tcspitt it :--: Wow my infj-^^^^ eit ' witiah ' s ^ dgbnriy ' iri ' twp . 'd a ^ and a ha ^ . aDd . a pft »« : ^ ii ^^ ld ; jiji&" 4 t ' v & » f » forenoon , ^ He feared that it ; ' waff but feal , t& » J the-powjr . nHjIftwould supplan * ttie handlmuie ; jidat « f ^ . ? : P » nd ; m «} e had ; supplanteo ? tlie spiriniagwheels K- was oumg . th >« me that : macSteeif was in the ^ HAW ^ atCwMany'ih ' dustribuff ^^^
torn it ,. that the wearefs ' of , Saddleworth fibiiinshed laosti-. At one tame-: l » had paidajburrieyinan £ 35-a-yearbesides . his- ^ rd ; ; lbdgingi . ; clothing ,,-and wa ™ 'Pg » a ^; ther # 4 not use ; in ; tflose tiine ' s rto W ^^ -T t ^ ffw . or / six : hours ^ 'da * ' They wew c toO ii Oflsn . outfollowiiiff . the hounds ' . . IJovrhis , aver > age wages were not abc * e ten ' Bhillirigff ^ week " , al > - thOUgoiihercpbld ^ naetiBjea make nearer twenty 8 h M W- ' , 's '; wife we « rked- the hand ^ nny ,: and c ° . $ ; "" £ ?» . when , ihi fill work ; about'fiffieen pence a f * y-. i * nirty yeare ag ^ sn © could have easilyearnecl eighteeashillings a week ., lie kepfa cow , arid paid ' seven poands ten-sMltaga-of rent fer the sequisite land . - Hi * famil y ooasBined most of the daapy produce . selling very , litite . Theprdinary price pi buttermilk wa * about ohbpenn ^ for' three guaffte ; of b ? ue ,: or sKim-milk , on& , pe » iiyfor ' three pint ^ jiand miife '
of new ,: about tworpenee a . quart .: Milk : of all kinds was isent down duringi the- summer-timei . ih great quantiftfes , bymany'ofhis ^ -neighboursi-Wflb kept donkeys to carry it ; tp ' Stalpybridge ; Oldham ' , and other cotteii , towns , where . the ' . factory ; handB consumedit as fast aa it could be sent in . " I , ) Z i - Comfort such as this must , however , by no means be taken as the- -ntle ; ' The weavers in the upland districts . who . have ^ , farms , and those in' the lo ^ er grounds who ; although ^ they ' . jui ^ a no ldnd , ' have got , ad vantages . . . of a particulaar . . cTasi from " the vicinity of the , country mills—these two ; classes ; are generally decently off , and live wholesome ahd tolerably agreeable lives . ' But there are districts , prirtcipally in the neighbourhood of , tho-. lttrga towns , where competition keeps .. the ' iwaj ; e 8 miserauly low , and where . hard'labour , brings-: in . but ^ a ^ hard and scanty subsistenqe . ' . ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦< , ' .: '¦ - ¦ :- . - ¦ ¦ ¦¦ . ¦ - ; ,-.- ¦ ¦ ,. V !
• From the letters of the Metropolitan Commis sionera-wecontinuethfr account of ¦ . - . .:.. - ¦ ..
THE pMALE SLOP ^ WORKERS OF LONDON . The riextparty Ivisitpd ; was one . wli p worked at waistcortts , "arid here I found the keenest misery of all . The house was unlike any that 1 had seen in the same'tradej . ' all'was' scrupulously clean and neat . : The old brass fender was : as bright as -gold , and worn with ; . continued rubbing . >¦ The , grate , in W j hich there was barely a handful of cpals ^ had been newly blaok-leaded , arid there . was not' a cinder Jittering the'hearth . '' Indeed ^' everything in the ' place evinced the greatest' Order ar . d cleanlinessl Nor was the suffering self-evident : On the contrary , a , 8 tranger ,. at ; fir 8 t 1 sight ,, would , have / believed ; the occupant to have , . beep rather . well to-do in the world . A few ' m'inutea ' conyersatibri'with' the poor creature , however , soon toldyou' ^ hafc the neatness was partly the effect of habits acquired in domestic service , and partly theresult ^ ofastruggle to hide her extreme poverty . from . the world . Her story was the most pathetic of all I had yet heard : — " I
work , 'for a sld ^ house- ^ waistcbat work . " She Baid ^ - 'f ldon'thiake sleeve ; waistcoats , but body waistcoats , and the lowest price I get is 4 d . VI have have ' em as high as Is . 3 d . I take the run , such as they have got , to give me—sometimes one thing ant ! sometimes another in the waistcoat way . Some had better work than others , but my . eyesighLwon't ; admit of my doing tho best work . Some waistcoats are'as ' niuoh as "Is . " 9 d ., some 2 s . I have worked twenty six years at the same warehouse .. The general price for theVaistcdatsI have " now is ( 5 d ; , 8 d ., ! and lOd . I can make one a day sometimes , and sometimes three in two days , just as it happens , for my health , is very bad ; Sometimes I don't earn ' more than 2 s . 6 d . a week ,- and sometimes I have ' earned 3 s . 6 d . and 4 s ., That ' s the most I have earned for this several years . I , must work very close from about nine in the morning to eleven at night to earn that . Prices have c 6 me down' very muchindeed since I first worked for the warehouse
—very muehU The prices when I . was first employed there wa as muehaS i Is .. fld . for what I now get Is ., Id . for . Every week they , have reduced ' . some . thing ' within these last few years . " Work ' s falling very muoh . The work ! has hot riz , no ! 'never Bincel worked at it ;' - It ' s'low . er'd ; but it ' s , hot'riz . The masters seem to say that the work is lowered to them—that they can't afford , to . pay a : better price , or else they would . ' . ] The parties for whom I work lay it to ' the large slop houses . They say its through them that the work has lowered so . Inndit ' very difficult to-get sufficient to ' nourish me out of : my work . Ican'thavo what Iought . to have . I think my illness at , present is from overexertion ., I want more air . than I * can get . " . I am wholly dependent on myself for my living and never
made more than 4 s . a week . Several times I have had my work thrown back upon my hands ; and that has perhaps made me ill , so that I ve ; nbt been able to do anything . ; , I am obliged to work long and always—sick or wellr-I must do it for my jiving to make any' appearance at' all . My sight is very bad now from over-work , and perhaps other difficulties as well—I suffer so bad with my head . My greatest earnings are : 4 s . per week , my lowest 2 s . Cd ., and I generally average ; about 3 s . Many ; weeks I have Been wholly witnout workihg ^ not . able , to ! dp it . ; Young people' that'have got " good "h ealth" and' good work mighti perhaps , earn more than I do ; but &i the common work I should think they can ' t make more than I can .. I never was . married ;; I went out to service when I was younger , and to
waistcoating after quitting service , sp . that I might be at home with mother and father , ana take care of them in their old age . , ' I rent - the house . - It ' s where' I buried mother and father from ; and as such , I ' ve kept it on since , they ' ve ; been ; dead . I let the two rooms , but I don ' t gain anything by it . I stand at about lOd . a week rent' when I live in . the top , room arid let the others ; but sometimes its / empty ; and Hose by it . Some time agoi too , aparty fan awayj and left £ 3 10 s . in my debt . ' That- nearly . ruined me . I ' ve , not got the . better of jt yet .: I ' ve been very short—very short , ; indeed , sir , ; . in want of common necessaries to keep ' my strength and life together . \ I dbn'tfind what' 1 ' get bjrmy labour sufficient to keep me . I ' ve no money any where , not a farthing in the house ; yes , I tell a story , I ' ve got a
penny ., -. If I were to be taken ill I don t know what I should do . But I should be obliged to dp a 3 I've often done before . . The Almighty , is iiy only support . For my old age there is'nothing but the workhouse .- After six-and-twenty years havd work I ' ve not a penny to the ; fore—nothing to depend upon for an hour . If I could have saved , I should have been very g lad . to . have done , so . ; Take one week with another , I have earned 3 s ; , and that has been barely sufficient tP keep me . I ' ve sold several things to make up ^ when I ' ve come short . " The things here belonged' to father , and mother , l ? ve sold a great many-that they left me . ; Many people who follow . j ; he same business I think are worse off , if ariythihg / than ' I ' ani ;; because I ' ve got a home , and I stirive ' tb keep . it ^ oeether , and they ' ve not . "
' It geehied diffioult to believe that-there could be foundwomen suffering more keenly than this poor creature ; and yet the gentleman-who had kindly undertaken to introduce me , to the better , class of workpeople in the trade , led me to a youiigwonian ; almost lady-liko ' in ^ her appearance . and maimera , - from whom I gathered the following pitiabletale 1- ^ - She works at waistcoat business : ; -at . the : best kind of work .: Gets 10 d ; each waistcoat , sometimes . 8 d ., and sometimes Gd . ( some she ha 8 , heard of being as Ipwa 8 2 jd " . ) . " Ther e avo aliilHnsr ones , but there ' s agreatdeal ofwork in them ; , ' Black satin'waistcoats are 10 d ., 8 titched all . rpurid i ; arid'but of the ' lOd . trimmingsaretobe found ; "The trimmings for each waistcoat cost Id ., sometime ?) lid ., ; and occasionally 2 d ... MThose . I am . making ! howat . lOdJ , "
she said ,, " have a . quaritity of work m them . They would take me the whole day , even if I was well enough to Sitsptlong at ' em : BeBides this ; there ' s half . a day ; lost each time you ; take , your work in . Andsometimes . every jother dayrrand : often every day—theyjlldrag ypu . uptothe warehouge . for the littlebit of wprk , Theygiye out four at a ' time " Bio ' stly . : Wehave to give nbusekeeperij security for £ 5 before we can get work . Somio ' weeks Iidon't do more than four . 'Some' weeks j I don ' t i do that ; La 8 tweek I had a hard inatter . to do four , but'then I wasn't well ., Whenl was apprentice wp used to have 5 s .. for making the . yery . same ' as ' th ' ose ' . th ' at' -I new get lOd . for . " At 2 s . a piece " one ., might' live ; but asifc is now , ' / am starving ! if ifc wasn't for my friends helping 1 me a littleI don't ¦ '• know . what
£ , would become - of : me ^ I ' m jure ; . ¦ iFrequently the work : is'returned-upon bur . hands , ; and . reqently I have had ; 9 a ., to pay out of , my , earnings for some waistcpat ' s that were sent ' back ' to ' ine bebause they were kept' out too long . "'^ ^ They . were"kept'but 16 nger than they should have'been , ' because I was ill ; 1 wasn't able to make them . ; I sat up in » aiv : bed , ; ) lj aisl was , and basted them . my . Belf ,. and then ; a girl that , I -got did what she could .. to them ,,, and- ' 1 finiBhcdthero ; but owingio . the delay the foreman ' grow spiteful antf relubed ' thdm on mf hfttiah " I have' been : " snfefi ' n ' g'for -this '' ¦ ever ' . since ;'¦ and ' , I bonldn't subsist upon what I gefnow , where it not fbi- j abma kind : friends ' , ll ' ve - eot a , spirit , .
wouldn't . like to beunder ;; an obligation , but ! am forced to , live as I / db . ' WHile'I was ill my rent went back , '" and il ' ve left part of my things wherel wasliving beforel bame ^ here / 'b ecaijaea-couldn t priy ub'wTiat I owed for my lodg ing .. ; 'There IS ; my doctor ' sbiU to be paidrr-for I hav ! nt ; paid it yet , and I ba . Ve been obliged to get rid ; , of the waistcoats that were returned > mV ; . I sold ' them for a trm& . aa 1 could ; with the exception ' of 0 nethat-, I ve . pledged . 1 ' goi ' ls . up'i / n thWaiid * sbia ' -the bth ^ s * M& 8 d . ; eaWtho \ igh thet charged me ' at thQ : Bhop 3 s . ' 3 d ; . ; a p ieceforthera ;> I was glad ^ togefcrii of : them my * now , 'justtheav •» * ¦ > . ¦ , -. > , . ;> , i -j bur . ,-i : i .-v .. '; - ^ ' :. « - ' ; '; : i-: ;; i ' . JL . ;; > 'r : i : v /> I : . ' , Ji "' . *"' i yur , '* i \
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: fc ^ T ^^ aistct ^ 8 ; th ^^ h-e 7 ^ -jj ^ a' : flau fiwvem ^ e jjkg ja ^ ejs ^ ney i ^ TOsteeros and flai > 8 to . poctets like 1 coata ., J don ' jtkiraw- wfilt they are them- It taftea me iyr ^^ xfa . - My aTBraWearninKi are -&im , 3 & $ > iB . tfy mekf i ^ nd out-eftha * I have to pa )* ' ^ -forthe walsteoate te turned baSniy ^ hands ' and ab < w « ed . fbf , { rimroitfgsrjer week leaving me ahquUi ^ od . Jw'liveujppH ? , So *}? Ti > er 8 on 8-say ttiej can earn attwaistcdaiing ' iM- ttj-l&l IpeRwcak ^ ajbd they tell * Ro-master so ; -bat then , they hawpfeoplp io help th . 9 »^ gifls who iprobftiJljyri pay theai ' somep' thing to leaM < tiiebu sinessy \« i' : who are very Tbuiig ; : and haye , a ^ fit ' . l 8 . ^ ' !' . per .. ; . weB » . ' 'fej ; doing thr'in ; i I ^ i ^ lp ^ C ' SAon ^ m 6 irZwhf } t ^ pvKei ' . ate-ab low . ' .. Iihave $ and prices [ coHtSHu&lJy . going tfewM : sihite 1 camefnjm > tbe , west end af ' tlie'town ., I neVer
; knew an advariCT . ' -Kthey took oflP ^ fll •«¦ Id , I never hearS of their : P . u 1 * fag » t on againv ^ The prices hav « , falleD / morevwitbin » . the lasttwp p . i * 'three , years-r : much'inor'e than tHey ever ; did befcws' / . ' l ' don't thinfc ¦ t hey C 3 h'get very muchlowen ' ' If itityrfoj person * . ¦ wtwf strnrve , It is almost as bad as ifae-. workhouso now ., i was apprentJW . d- to the . waistmtiag at the wesij ^ n < f ,, ; and was . paid : a little . diffomit then . I could ' , earn 15 s . a-weefoat . that time . Tfte -business lias-materKill y injurod'iBj ? health ; yesUtha 6 'it . has . My eyesight and healthlteye both suffered' mm it . It hayprdduced' generaiS debility ; 'the ibetbr says it ' s sitting so long intheritou ^ e . Sometims 8 all '» ight , 1 usedto- situp . tp work . ' . Fve ! known'manyf people that hayBhadl strpng' consfituti 6 ns ^ and ' aftar 4 ; ue 3 r ' ye . worked $ ,, it ' mab y years' tBey ' ve gone Iik »* IJhniv ^ . There are ; pewons : who get' even lower ! , prjp ' es ^ than I do — © by . yes , sir , a great deal lower ; swaaer , 1 know get thireepence , and even fourpenee * fbr a waistcoafi "J '" ¦ ; . ¦ ¦ -- ' ¦ > •<¦ : - ¦ . ¦ . ¦ ... ¦ f a— . r .- j ' ,, taske ^ . W hether , she keplr a » y account 6 f / heir iearnmgs , and' sSe immediatel y'Brpduced the booSin which her \ r < tsk was entered ty / ier employers ^ On one side wa&a " 8 tatement of the- werk- given onfr te > her ;; , and ' bn the other ¦ that ' of ^ the . work brought h ° ttie ,,, tpgetheff ' mthj . the : prioe ' ; p ^ d : ' for i ^' and"tbi » amount ^ deductedfroiriI the earnings for the' waiat ^ - eoats whiohhad bee n returned upon the poor , girlfahands . , The following is the account of the price * pswd to ; arid the sums received by ; the- ' waisicoat maker . : — - " : ;; - - ;!! ¦ ¦'" :. ' -i ¦"¦ ; - ; - ' > "¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ ; ; :.- ... . Fo ^ yMto ^ returaed , * > -9 BV * to > Ba ] f ^ ' -: ' ' i > - ' . ' •• ¦ ¦ ' ¦ > ' . ¦ ' ¦ * '" ' ¦ ' ' . ¦ ' ¦ " . "'' .. " a . A . .. ' ¦ ' Sept . 12 . FowatlOd . ' ; . ' .. ^ . 3 4 * „ 13 . One at lOd . .. .. .. 0 10
= ¦ ¦¦¦¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ " .. ¦ : ¦ ¦• ¦ - . . ' . ¦ 4 : . : ¦ :. . To pay for waistcoats returned .. .. 20 ; , ; ¦ ¦ Paid .. ' .. ¦ .. ¦ .. ¦ , - . "• ¦ •' .. ; j ¦ " ; Sept . 28 . FiveatlOd . ; . ' ¦ .. .. 4 3- ¦ 'To pay forwaistcoats' returned V . 20 : - ! Paid .. ¦ ,. ;•; " ; ¦ .. ; /;• ... .. ; . > . ¦¦¦ - . ? -i ~ 5--:: ' ¦ [ Oct . 10 . Two at Is . . V .. .. 2 8 „ ' 17 . """ Three at 66 * . ... .. . " . 1 6 > ,.,,, 18 .. Onoatls . .. .. .. 1 . 0 . . ; ¦"¦ ¦ • • - • ¦ ' - . ¦•¦ . ¦¦ ¦ « . •; , » ..-. : 4 , 6 / , - TopayforwftistcoatBreturne ^ ,, ,, 16 , Paid .. .. .. ... ..... so . ! Oct 22 . Four .., . .. .- ! .. .. '¦ . ¦¦ ' . ' . 3 2 ' . ' , . ' . ' j „ 26 . TwoatlOd . .. ....:.. .. ' 1 . 8 ¦'¦ ., ¦ . ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ :. ¦ ' ¦ " ¦ ,- ' ¦• . : ' .. 4 10 j To pay for waistcoats returned .. ... . 1 .. 6-... j . - . ' :, ; . Paid- .. .,. ; . ¦ .. ....- .. .. ;¦ . v ; 8 . -4 ' .-:. ¦ . OcL 80 . Three at lOd . .. .. ; . . 2 6 ' ' - ! " „ " 31 . QneatlQd . .. r , . -v ; , ' . " - " Olo ; ¦;_ : :.:. - . . -,. : ¦ : ¦ ¦¦ . ' - - ¦ . ¦ . - . ¦ . . . .. ¦ ¦ ... ¦ : . - . - ' .. . ; .. . '! . jj-Jl / , ; .. . ' To pay . for waistcoats returned .. _ , * 1 1 0 ¦¦ ; . . .. ; , Paid ... V . : . .., . ' . ..:. ' . .. ' 2 4 I ' !¦ ¦¦ ' ¦'¦ ' : ¦¦ | . •' ... ' ¦ ' ' . ¦ .. . ¦ ..: ¦¦ ., " ¦ •¦ .:. ¦ ¦ ^ . __ ¦ ¦ ¦ i ¦ •'• ' Total-receipts from September , 13 th to October 31 at ( seven weeks ) , 13 s . ; averaging- ' Is . 101 d . per week . ,.. ; ¦; . : ¦' :.: "¦ ¦ -, ' : ¦ "¦ ' ' ^' - i . „ :--. ; .., ( To iti . Cmtihmd . ) ' ! , ; . . ' :. :
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¦ -. THE ADELPHI . l !• ¦ " . My . Precious Betsy - ' .. isthe titlebf a " ^ new and original farce produced here on ' Monday night : last . It was fall of the broad humour and pantomimio fun which ' usually enters so i largely . into the composition of'AdelphiJpieces . ' 'Mr . Wright was to be : seen now dancing aboiitithe stage in postures not unlike those assumed by certain wooden toys made to jerk by meansiof . myBterious . Btrings pulledjupand ^ down , ] greatly , to the delight of-their . ¦ possessors *' , and now " bonnetting" Mr . Paul Bedford with a band : box , or whatever else came to hand . Messrs , ' jHTnghi and Bedford ' s object being to amuse the audience , and most of those present seeming to be highly gratified , ' it must be allowed that "My Precious Betsy . ? ' was successfuL ' ¦¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦• - ¦ . ¦• .: ¦¦ : ' :. ¦ . - . ¦ ¦ ' ¦'
„ •;"•; . the ; Olympic ; . ; . A tragedy , in three , acts ,, entitled . " The , Noble Heart , " by Mr . G . H . Lewes , was produced , for the first time in London , on Monday nitjht last at this theatre , with complete success . The scene is laid in Spain , during ' the period of the - Wars' with Uhe Moors . ' Don . Gomez de la Vega ; a Spanish noble of the highest class , and one of the . raost valiant warriors , in support , of the monarchy , has , received some injuries from the sovereign , in consequence of whioh he : refuseslo obey the royal summons ' to take the field in the approaching campaign , but sendshisson ' i Don'Leon , a gallant young JkBight ; to join the army at the head of his vassals . Leon loves Joanna , the daughter of a merchant , snd in
the character of an adventurer of humble rank haa obtained from her a return of affection . Before his departure-the lovers meet and exchange vows of constancy . Don Gomez , having accidentally seen this young lady ; becomes ; notwiihstaading his age , passionately ' enamoured of her . 'He'diseoveVa her family and residence , and , notwithstanding his pride of birth , resolves to offer his hand in honourable marriage to the daughter of the obscure merchant . Reirialdos , the merchant , is ruined by commercial calamities , and is about to be torn / from his daughter ' s arms by officers of the . law , when Don Gomez comes , to urge his suit . . The usual consequence of this stage situation ensues ; Joanna , ' after a struggle with her feelings , ' sacrifices , herself on the altar of filial
duty by aoeepting the hand of her rich and powerful lover . The marriagei takes place , and the ceremony is harilj concluded when Leon returns from the army , where lie has won honour and renown . Scenes of passion , such ' a 8 ' raight : beVekpected , " . take - place , till &i'length ; the old in . an , who atfirsthnsgisten way to paifoxysms of fdcy ' against thesupposed treacherous pair , discovers the ' ' truth—that' his ; son- has long loved Joanna , and that she'has' sacrificed , her love to save her father from destruction . His noble nature gains the ascendancy ; his tenderness , revives '; he resolves to sacrifice . his own happiness to theirs , by obtaining a dispensation annulling his own marriage , and to seek consolation for Ufa bereavement in the tranquillity of the cloister . —Mrs . Mbwatt ' s Joanna
was a charming piece of acting '; ttaly feminine , full of tenderness and " often' highly impassioned . Mr . Davenport looked the youthful knight extremely well , and performed the part ' with manliness and feeling . Mr , Broofeei as Dpo Gomez , was often excellent , especially in the softer passagea : butj in the scenes of 8 trbngpassion ,, 'his violence was extravagant , and his declamatibii ' frequently to the last degree harsh and grating . This last besetting sin , we conceiTe , he might avoid ; 'for tne tones of his voice , when notoveratrained , are far from unmusical . ' The reception of the ' play" was most' favourable ;; 'the applause was constant during the performance , and its clpsa . was follpwW by ; all ; the usual ma » ks jot ' approbation . ' . T , ' . '!' ; -. ' . ' ' \? ..,. ' . ' ¦ ,. ' /¦ ' " ' . ' - ' . ' . S . \ i "' " ' - ' : \ SUR ^ TtirapTRE . "' :: v ' - ' -i . ' . ' - On Monday night . last a " nwir fiye-aetpky , by Mr . Chorley , entitled ;•" ' Old , Lave " and N&w Fortune . " was produced at this theaire . ' It is " written with true poetic fervour , and has inany sceaes of extreme beauty , although it must be confessed that the stpry ; i 8 worked out by a series ; bf ; dialogues rather , tban by , any continuity of action , j ^ t the fall oi the curtain ; the principal performers were called for , ; and a loud demand was made for th& author , but be did not come forward > . -. : / "'
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC !; INSTITTJTIpN . J Sin John FBANKiiif .--Mr .. Stothard , F ^ N .. S . V medalengraver to the Q . a 6 en , has just completed a most spirited medal of th » above nameddistineuished individnali It baa bee » engraved from a medallion , by M . David , in the possession o { Lady Franklin , and . is the eame giz . 0 of the celefeiated Kuk serieB ,. and forms the fifth of the Royal i * olyteohnic series ^ whioh is now in the course ef . publication byltfee artistin tneeBtaablishment . -5 toubtle 8 s , ''many'iwho take an interest in the fate of this talented ofScer , feel isome-desire to be possessed of this portrait ; and if anything is likely to . add to the desire , ; it is perhaps the fact of viewing that : portrait produced . This . h ' owever , is one of the many advantages which thp'Polytechnic conifers upon its visitors , i Th&liko ^ ness lias been prbnbunced ^ by numerousindividuaja well acquainted t ? Uh this distinguished naval office , mostexdellent . '; ~ ' : ^ : M . . ••;! . ? -v-. i v ; -.-. - ¦•« ., {^^
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Carthagesiax AsTiauiTiKs , — -A collection of antique marbles , the most curious ever offered for sale not only in Liverpool , but in England , was bronght to the hammer on Monday , at Messrs . Winstanleys' rooms . The collection embraced almos ' every variety of antique sculpture ; but the most interesting of the entire collection were seven or eig ht stone tablets , from a Carthageniau sepulchre ; they were elaborately carved in bas relief , presenting figures in different attitudes , and surrounded by mythological ornaments . The whole of these valuable relics was bought by a gentleman from the British Museum ; the prices varied from £ 2 10 s to four guineas each . Several fragments of statues , presenting specimens of the most consummate art , were disposed of at prices considerably below their valne , as were also most of the lots offered for sale . A splendid "Winged Head of Mercury , for instance , was sold for a guinea . Mr . Wiustanley , in reference to a
couple of porphyry columns which formed part of the collection , said that being upwards of seven feet long they were too ponderous to admit of being removed . He should , therefore , prow el to offer them , on the presumption that the parties present had seen them , at the dock warehouse , where they lay for public in * spection . £ 280 bad been refused for them since their arrival in this country ; he should , ho-wevtr ; put them up at £ 100 . As there was no bid in . advance made , they were withdrawn to ¦ be sold by private contract . There was ope very singular lot , viz . , a long crow-bar , enclosed in a . case of wo ' ed , ; it was presumed to have been used by the workmen at the building of the temple , among the ruins of which it was found , the extent ofthe corrosion showing it to belong toa remote period of antiquity .. It was remarked as a cirenmstance much to he . regretted that these rare specimens were not secured by the people of Liverpool to form the nucleus of a museum in this town .
Ths Oboakisatios of Labour in Manchester . — A public meeting was held on Monday evening , to take into consideration the necessity , of a general organisation of labour in Manchester . Mr . Lindsay , a journeyman tailor , moved , and Mr . McNamara seconded a resolution condemning competition ,: as " unjnst in principle , immoral in its tendencies , and calculated to deprive the poor man of a fair remuneration for his labour . " Mr . Lloyd Jones supported the resolution , and attacked Mr . Macaulay , charging him with various mis-statements concerning the working classes in bis recently published history . The speaker compared the present state of the working classes , with their condition in the reign of Henry VIL ; and concluded . by regretting that in a time of such boasted civilisation as the p iesent , the working men of England were so degraded and oppressed . The resolution ¦ was carried
unanimously . Another resolution was carried , proposing as a remedy for the : existing evils , " the adoption of a system of trade . organisation on the co-operative system j" and a plan was proposed wnereby such a ByBtem might be carried into effect in Manchester . The meeting was also addressed by M . D . St .- Bilaire , who detailed the success of the co-operative system adopted by the working classes in Paris .. Specimens ot the manufacture of A similar association in Salford , were produced by a Mr ! Stork ; after which the meeting terminated . '• . Tbb limes states that in 1813 , but of 5 , 000 loads of cotton sent down from ' PanweU to Bombay by an eminent firm , 2 , 000 were dropped on the road , and the remainder arrived too late for Bhipping ; while , ifr the . same : year , 20 , 000 loads were left be hind between one single market of theifagpbre district and the sea : " -. ' ^ . "
'¦ R ectoksdip o ? MARHcnAxi Coixege , Abbbdeen . -i-The students are already astir regarding , the election of Lord Sector . The names of fe ' ur nominees have been mentioned . —the- . Duke of ; . Argyle ; Sir Bobert Peel . J . Q . Lockhart , JBsq , ., and ThomaB
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. r . * J' . 11 ' * . - * ¦ ¦• i ** Vi' A Talkebs . —The lip . ijOf . talkers will be telling such things as pertaih h ' ot unto them ; but the words . of 'such as'hrtvSunBrstah'dihg ^ vrei ghgJ in ' the Balance . ' The ^ heart of ; ftols W in ¦ ' their ' mouth , but tK « . tpngue ; bf the ' wi &iS in'tlieir h ' eart ^; ^ ^ ° : J , ; i' A » lJNPLEASAMT ; SiBNSATiow . ' TTif spme ' men ,, cpujd eome . but of iMi graves , and > ead the insqriptipns on their tombstones , they would think they had got totoMewrong gravess .. ^ - -m ^¦"' r- - - ' ¦¦ ¦ < ¦¦ » ... J ""? JRTOrbika Bremer . —The New Yorfclfirrpr ^ - ?^ , vx ^ isa TredbrikaBremer we ;< Jan' ; onIy ^^ V ^^' ^^ 'i l ^' rathopiiiiofl'CMflwr ' % R £ * I L ther ** . -. ' She is . " about ' fifty-six , and h « fSS ? r * »^ Ko ; i -A little : fell 6 w f-wba had only recently M b « gon t ^ - - ] ea ' rh -l at ! n OBcaflOMll ^ B ^ , H » , iirtnWt ei ^™ ia ? feS 5 : tho riffad ? inniri » nn nil . ™ -x ° " -W" € l : ; PHf * ° . ¦ ¦ ! luo
• - r- ji ~; e- » gw . « . ¦** " euaHcea , as one daT ha p ^ ° ^ $ m £ P vir ^ in : » . nian-ttap . "' -Jo « yonng roeufe ;* Sdaimed , « ie ;;; pedagoguei .: ' * ycnr ; father has"bete faelf ) ing ; y oa ) with your lesRin . ' : ' ' - = - , ?? , ; r . Sbabtan BijAtJ » ! S » otiii-rMr .. ' W , ' C . Treve ^ atB r « narks in Xotes and QuerS * , cwreerning theW LaTOdemoniaa-blaok feoth :: "Tfliw occurred tomethaSrJt was ' jrCBable : that sfwa » the same black bro 8 b ,, whjoh jsjaow c 6 bSed ! in , ' ® reeoer where I haw eatesi ' of : it , asd found' it -yery gow 3 , although ifr lookeiiasif a bottle of inii ' had been'pwired into the mess .. * Ihe disfr is- composed « f ' small <} uttle-figh ' ( with : their ink-B » g 8- ) rbwledwlWi'ri € « and other ' yegetaWes , " ' . ; .. ; ' , ; ¦ ¦;' ¦ '¦ ' : : ' - '" /; ' ; " ' , ' : ' : ' : ' \" . '" , ; ¦ A-Xra j v-He w ; h o > 't elIs '\ a < lie : ia- ' aofr sensible how * great a tasfeheuridertjikes , for he ^ must be forced toinvenfetwentymarB-tomaintaihitUatone . ¦ ¦
SBASoi » raBi--BuryDerrie » ; : be'Onaiiy of cherries ; suspend the' curreneyv bfoairantB-r . appease your hunger ^^ without peasi ' do-not buy- sihe ^ fiah ' o ' f those who are seifi 8 h . enoug h '; tb . selrfieh '••• . don't bo among those whoi . at » night , aneout in < the ; night air ; and drink from » the well if you < wish to-be among the well . Wel& l ^ SpringJuW ' liepummnc ; The upsruhcOmmph qjuality in ;' nature , is styled •" common sense ;! ' a paper-haira mile long is & ^ brief ;'' ahdiia . melancholy , ditto ? , devoid or sense or meuningj i » a- ' ^ glee . "" -: >¦¦[¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - ' :. O . Poland ! : PbnAND !^ -Tes-there was a time when the friends of P ' erty might flutter- taeniselvea with hope , ; tha (; npt , the General ' of the- Pales , but the Hespot of Prussia ( ifoB it is now no- lonaer treason to speak of him as ne-deserves ^)! wduM have felt the galling of chains j- But , alas I the- g&M of Britain eBaWedhim to hoMout till the RussioR barbarians were ready to take- ' the field . —From at Tribune of
, Tbb Lat op a Lost BiCHKtOR .. —A poor American bachelor , having rashly sacrificed himself on tho altar of Hymeh > exclaims *— ¦ ¦ : ' ¦ i : ' - : ' ¦ ' ¦ ' : ¦ ' ¦' ' Oh I when I think of what I ar , ' ;; ¦" . And what ' Iusedio was , , ( ; ' ; ., I findTvp . fiiing myself awajr ' r . . , > Without apfiwient cos .- ? .: ; . .., - ,., . i Skow asi ifc'fallsj is twenty-foui' timeftlighter thaa water , which may be proved by aieltiEg twenty-four measures of snow , ana they will be f wa& to produce butonoofwaterV ¦ " [ '" > ' .. ' . ' : /' . ; ' .. '' : . ' . ''"' , "' An iNCONsiANt ¦ w oman is one who i » nb longer \ tl love ; a false woman is one who is a&eady in lovewith' another person ; a . fickle wocsan is she who neither knows Whom she' loves , nor whether she loves . or no ; and the indifferent weman one who does hot love at all . - . ::. '"
Trust him little who praises all ; him less who censures all ; and him least who is indifferent about M . —Lavater . ¦ ' : ¦ : ; . ' - ' . ; : " , l wish , " says Lord Bacon , " eyeny man knew as much law as would enable him'tO' keep"hnnself putofit . " :: To give tono to the stomach—gat it lined with bell metal . ' - . ¦ ; .-... : ¦¦ < : . --THE-ANCiENTS-were- of-opinion thai ? Echo-was-a , maiden ' who had pinedraway for Iov 9 j till nothing but her voice was left . •' : ; ! ' . i ' , Co ( Jubites . —Whea the general attention towards coquettes grows languid , they will rogain it by often flirting out or ln , or not staying so leng ¦ in a place us to tire their company . Many persons among the gentry have such a taste for foreign diversions that they think nbfc , tolerably of . those- of their own country however oyeferable . ' .
¦ ' ^ SouiirerroN thkDkvil . — You . ask me why the devil rides on'horseback ? . The prince of darkness is a gentleman , and . thai ; would be reason enough ; but , moreover , tfee-history doth aeer , and that he came on horseback for the old woman , and rode before , her , and that the colour ofthe horse was black . Should I falsify ; th > history , and make App p ' IIybn " a pedestrian ? Besides , Grosvenor , - . Apppllyon / is cloven-footed i . and I humbl y conceive that a biped —and I never understood his dark majesty to be otherwiae—that a biped , I flay , woi » M wallc ^ c . lumsily upon ' cloven . feet > Neither hathi Apbllyph ^ wings , according to the-best representations '; and j indeed , how should he ?¦ For were they offeathers lik ^ the angels' they would be burned in the -everlasting
fire ; and were-they of leather , lffie the'bat's , they would be shrivelled . I conclude , titerefore , that wings hehathrioLXetdo we " find , from sundry reputable author * and divers histories , that he '¦ transporteth himself from place to p ^ fece : with exceeding rapidity . Now , as he cannot ' walk fast or fly , he must have some conveyance . Stage-conches to the infernal regions there are hdae , though the road be much freqaented . BuUooes- would burst at setjtingout , the air would be sorwified with the heat ; but horses- he may have of » particular breed . —• Soiiihty ' a-Mfi andCori'cspohdkace . - ' ¦• ¦ ¦¦ . A GiAss-of soda water wa 3 . '© ffered the other day
to an'Irishman , who ' rejectee !! it with the greatest jndignatioot . " Do you thiafs I am a Salamander , " said he h" -to drink-water oiling hot ?" Doni ^ ft i consultation of physicians , on the character of a Bacchanalian . patient , how to , cure his feyeni : and abate'his thirst ; , the sick man observed , " ( SBntlsojen , > f yoH will care the fever , Iswill tako halfrthe trouble off your hands , and abate the thirst myself . ^ . ¦ ,.,-.,- ,: : Tiib . B » noa of tho M < $ hien Qasette m ^ ce the foli lowing sweeping assertiwi : — " What ? a man , and [ never iii love ! Ps ' ha ip Such a man , must have a heart of ice , a soul ; as lifeless as a corn cob , the gizzard of a goosa > and a head as sappy as a cocoanut . " :
Th « Washington owrespondent on the New York Evening Post remarks- on the largeness of the mem— . bers ? -heads in the Uqase of ReprGsaatatives , while the Boston Chronotyga thinks them l&ss remarkable for-largeness than f $ s thickness . Some would be . { iSiought to do gj&eat things , who . are but tools and < instruments ; . ffite the fool whofancied he played , upon the orgpffl , when he onlyblew the bellows ^ , - ' . ' . ' i Two Irishmen meeting one day , one of them in-. iquired of the other if he hadj 3 een his friend Pat . Murphy lately ,, fi > r , said he , 1 » has grown so thin ,, you would [ not . 3 now him at t £ k . " You are thin ; and , I am thin , buiv by the ; powejs , he is thinner than , both of its together . ' . ¦ . " . ' . ' : ¦ Poison Pupof . —Died latalsin the Henby Churchy
yard Almshpases , Sarah Qhance , who , to assuage pains from . , sore legsi' twit since January , 1833 ; , fifty-one gajlons , two pjaits , and fivo ounces ofi laudanum , . which ' cosths » £ 110 8 s . 4 d . Quick JHiSSAOE . —Thgolipper Reindeer , Ennghjfc . arrived in the Mersey tost , week from China , wjtn . a cargo of tea , &p ., afjpjp having been absent OAly eig ht months ^ ' . # " , ; A CoRRK 8 roNDKSj $ . who signs himself » AQ Australian , " says iisat the Lea from PlymOAitb , with immigrants , awie tho passage out to , Sydney in eighty-four dfljiS , the quiokest passage . . s # » ee 184 V ¦ ' ¦ - : - - ¦ - ¦¦ ' ; " '¦ 'I " ' "¦" Hx who in the same given time can prodncfl-ioore than many ' otherft . has vigour . Ite who can produce moreand bettor . has talents . Ho who can ^ oduca what none else < 3 tkn , has genius . Taz Gaxette ? t 2 esPortes says "It is quiifrcertain Ithat the Empaiior of Russia will undertake .-in 'the spring ! hisi g ^ eat expedition against / Eajr . ^ ey . All the Greeks ' ift Balkan are-ready lo join , him .. ' - '
Fmwkr&sh ? Rueiohic !; in sermons orvsetiMJS discourses - « i » like the . bljw and red flpw . ers in corn , p leasing to those' wh 9 , come only for . ama 3 ement , but prejudicial to hi » who-would-leap thfr profit . " " 1 ^ inci-inbd . wvo so Asp ., so .. "—People frequently use thigse-xpreasion , nqtiCftnsidoring that they tben arp spoa&ing the most lite'jraliofwl t ™*" ; ' Diji . Fbakku ^ ticking of a fsjopd ofr k « s who had beefta Man ' cKe ^^ dealer , 9 aid , " / ! % at he . never soida piece of ipae narrowerihan h '» o . » wn mind . There is a maa at Gravesend s q , mean that bQ . wishes his landlord to redi ; c . e . the . psSce . of his boar « because he taahad two oChis teeth , extracted . ^ lo
A fop , j ^ retiirned Engla * id , frqm a « o % nentalto ^ w aa asked , iow he . lifcd tbe mm . Qf Pompeii , "Not very well , " waa . the reply ; " % W ^^ £ S ^ n ? ; y ^ o ^ « araW ;^ B temporary rest tftbe startled out of their . slpeR by a ST ftLTOTBAWj , with cu 38 , " said a jwto wohin , M ^ toW ^^" " ^ - ** ' - * "^^" - TSn ^^ ^^^ M ^ ^^^ S ^^^ h ^ se it isti'dwlittlotbii ®'"'¦ "' " ' ' ' ¦'¦ '¦ ' - . - . -. ¦ i : r- ; -: i : ' ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ ¦ IHK POBTvi ' - - - ' ¦¦''¦ ' ¦ : ¦ ¦ ' : TKoPoeWc y ^ inafine frenzy rolling , ^ Both ' : glance ft-pm Heay ' h : to . earth from eavth to Heav'ri ' : ' " ^'¦ . ' ¦\ ' " - , Alld . ns Imagination , todies forth , ; . - . The form ofthings ^ unknown , ' thePoet a pen Turns ihem , tp shape , and g ives to airy : nothing A looal habitation and a n&me . Shdlispen . " Qbeen ' Anne ' s BooNiY ^ TM tptftl ; of . sums reoeiv : edjb ^ : the . Qovernori 5 \ of ¦ Quee n Anne s ; Bouni 6 y durinff ^ the'jyear-ending . iDeoember . / a bis , was ' £ 183 , l 34 4 s . ld . V TheHotnVaraoW . t-uwbursed w « g ^ 178 , 767 . 143 ^ 63 . -:: * vr :.. ~ : ^ ^ rrj- " Ayii ' vJt , i ' jiii' } - - ' . A ; ! r ~ - ¦' . ' : ! ¦ •>• ¦! ., : ' . * ¦( ' , -- -rJ ' - ' •» - ' ' . ti : t » -. - > l
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 23, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1562/page/3/
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