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HQMAN HISTORY^ 11 ' '~~
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Exeter LHall , the culminates Mint nf » H SapsaaSSfe ? fZriFfSt vL ° Dly ^ ttalled t > 7 «> e unquestonmg credulity , the amazing capacity of ^^ S mamfeBted by the hiarers . J J ^ ° r ?§ ' ^ ^ remarted with respect totbe last discoBsion on the subject , the nuritans never attempted to join issue either on tberoh gious argument , or the ground of convemence and expediency They were openly and decidedly challenged to show that the Judaical observance of the Sabbath waa a Cfcmw rosfatution , and they shrank from t ^ i , /^^— , ;;;¦ thesesainfly and ( Ivinrf JZLSFr £ ^
me contest . They were asked to justify it on theplea ofconveniencetothe public , or even on the more pertinent ground , that it reallv would reduce Sunda y labour as a whole But Lord Ashiey knew very well , that it was utterly impossible for him to maintain his posifaon in any one . of these three issues , and Ki ^ HH ,, only re P <* t " lookatthe i 00 , 000 petitions , " as if there was any anmmentinamere bead « , 11 of names procufed If these peope really meant what they say , and had no ulterior object in view , the short « xpenence they have already had of the consequences of their own movement would have induced them to vote for rescinding the resolution they extorted by mocierv and
intimiaatiott ftOHVathmHonseof Commons at an early period of the evening . The result , so far , has been to add immensely to Sunday labour ; andif the obnoxious regulation is maintained it will eventually cause the employment of ten tones the number of persons who -w ererequired to do the ordinary work of the Post-office . The . provincial newsvendors announce the organisation of stafls of messengers for the delirery of the metropolitan papers on Sunday mornings ; parcel Tans will no doubt be started , by which written communications ,
evading the letter of the law , will be run in ¦ iJ onnxion with trains on the Sundays . The ¦ on ly ! effects that can result from such unreasonable and unjustifiable interference with the social habits and the general convenience of the community , will be , in thefirst place , increased expense and great inconvenience and injury to numerous classes , and next that the imitation and indignation of those classes will ultimately overwhelm the pharisaical and sanctimonious " whited sepulchres" who onder cover of piety , have aimed this blow at the social and religious freedom of the people .
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MONIES RECEIVED Fob rax Webk Ending Thursday , Jdxt 11 th . 1850 .
THE HONESTY FUND . Received by W . Rideb . —Dr . Greer , Glasgow , 10 s—G . nateson , Shipley , 2 b—A few Chartists , Rotherham , per J . i . J l ' 2 s 9 a—A fcw Friends , Northampton , per J . ieoody , 5 s—Messrs . Mills and Stevens , Brighton , per 3 . n arren , 2 $ , Beceived by "V 7 . Rider .. .. 15 0 FOR THE WINDING UP OF THE LAND COMPANYIfiiSi by , ] f- Hu ) n — - Westoby , Croyden , Gd-TOSSS jf-S" ?* ! : « -J - Sweet , Nottingham , Is-^ Cofe ^ is-J . Leggett , Ifottingham , ham . a £ j ? «** Woodstock , O * on , 6 dlp ? Elliott , ciap : p « a , i * - ETan * « ^ erpooi , 6 d-j , Witfield , uTer . WiTed b » w ° » MRS * JONES - T ° J W . Uonu-K lng-cross , near Halifax , !* !
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" i rsfc t no ar « 2 an had more than he C * ate Wltl 1 h « ownhands . . Romulus allotted to each onl y two acrea , which must ha HnS W * the ^ After «* 25 pulsion of the Kings , seven acres were granted to each citizen . This continued for a long time to be the usual portion assigned them in tW division of conquered lands ; L . Quinctius Cmcmnatus , Curius Dentatus , Fabrioius , and Regulua had no more .
" While individuals were restricted by law to a small portion of land , and citizens themselves cultivated their own farms , there was abundance of provisions without the importation of grain , and the Eepublic could always command the services of hardy and brave warriors when occasion required . But in succeeding a 2 ej—especiall y under the Emperors—whtn landed property was engrossed by a few , and their immense estates were in a great measure cul
tivated by slaves , Kome was obliged to depend upon the provinces , both for supplies of provisions , and of men to recruit her armies . aa . y ascribe Bthe ruin / first of Italy , ana then of all the provinces to overgrown fortunes , and too extensive possessions . The price of land was raised by an edict of Trajan , that no person should be admitted as a ' candidate for an office who had not a third part ot - tos estate in laBd . » -fy ReVt JohnA ^ , .,
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THE MINERS OF THE NORTH . TO THE KDITOR OF THB NORTHERN STAB Dbar Sib , —The appeal to the miners to subscribe to a fund to watch over the interests of themselves and families , as involved in the proposed bill on mines and collieries , which has been introduced into the Houaeof Lords by the Earl of Carlisle / bids fair to be heartil y responded to in this locality , and we trust in other districts also . The parties appointed as collectors have been at work a few days and have met with tolerable success ; and as it is
intended to afford every satisfaction to those who subscribe , especially lo those who are desirous to witness the publicity of their subscriptions , perhaps you will afford space for the following . Collected at Heworth Colliery the sum of ten shillings , part of which was given by the following persons-. —John Harker , Is . ; Thomas Henderson , Is . 9 d . ; M . Hume , 5 d . A Post-office Order for £ 1 has also been received from Crow-trees Colliery , for the ahove purpose . There will be a full account printed afterwards , but the committee are anxious that the above should appear in the next" Star . "
I have received from "A Constant Reader " « . f the "Star ' a present of a watch- » ea 1 , made of coal , for Mr . O'Connor , and another for a gentleman , and which would have been forwarded but for the anticipated visit of some of our brethren to London in a few days , which will give them an opportunity of presenting the same in person . Yours &c , Newcastle , July 8 tb . M . Jude .
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H- !!?^ ' ?* ¦ thtJ si » ne to-the Secretary ? L £ V / wther , that the i ^ peotoi ' shall have nhi , «! LTi ° planS . , ° Inine 9 ' t ^ t suc h pians saali be accurately drawn , and if found other-SK ? ? T ° ton t 0 order an accurate one at the lS 2 ^ ¦ rT ' ^ wilful obstruction to | 3 ^ S . ubjedl ¦ the party t 0 a > enal * iSnf " 1 f heif jProvides that in case any death from W ?^ w ? uld ° WMn or abouf the pit or col-S $ the . owner pfjageht thereof shall , within twelve hoars , forward a rpport of the samo to the itCf ^ S , ? v intima % tho probablo cause ! thereof j and should any owner ; or agent neglect to I do so , ho or they will incur a p % y not exceeding ^ A ai thO u W . hal 1 ' » ' ^ e of violent death m or about tfcp pits , give two u % notice to the Secretary of State before holding afyinquest on the bodies of thosuffflrm . « s U ^ "' 4 UC 01 68 bo
TnSfL ^ Lrt *' $ "covered before two Justices of the Peacp j&o . if ov . ft Jh « SS &re th t 1 Oldingfeature 8 of the bill , ahH , as the public press has not contained any account relative to the introduction of it in the Ilouse of Lords , so conaequently we are entirely in fie ' davk whether the bill is intended , to be > 0 B 8 td throueh this session or not , and it being nearly a fortnight BincB it was laid upon the table of the' house , and nothing having transpired relative to it since that time , the mining population of this district are most anxious for the requi ite knowledge of the fat that awaits it .
In accordance vrith this feeling it ia intended t ^ Bend a deputation to the metropolis io learn the intentions of her Majesty ' s government in this respect , and to urge upon them , if necessary , the necessity of passing the bill before this session of parliament closes . They are also anxious that their toother miners throughout the kingdom should bestir themselves in this matter , and use all their endeavours to insure the passing of the said bill bofore the session closos , which very probably a short time will determine ; hence the necessity of taking immediate steps in order to obtain the enactment of this or some improved measure , or wo shall have to wait till the meeting of parliament next year , thereby placing in jeopardy the lives of thousands during that period .
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¦ ¦ . MR . SMITH O'BRIEN . At a meeting of Irish Democrats held on Sunday last ; at 2 G , Golden-lane , a hand-bill was read , calling a preparatory meeting , in order to alleviate the sufferings of Mr . Smith O'Brien , by appoaling through the government to the mercy of the Crown . A deputation was appointed to wait on the conveners of the meeting consisting of Dr . O'Connor , and Messrs . Lynch , Dwain , Clancy , arid FL-ma ^ an The deputation read the following resolution , as agreed to at their weekly meeting : — " That we , the friends of the Irish Democratic Association , resident in London . approving of the principles and conduct of W . S . O'Brien , Esq ., pledge ourselves to use ' every exertion in our power to mitigate tfie cruel sufferings of that magnanimous personageand protest
, against any line of conduct inconsistent with the dignity of Irish independence , which would be compromised by prostrating ourselves at the feet of parliament , but we respectfully claim the liberty of our countrymen as a right . " At the ; meeting of Democrats held on Monday evening , Mr . M'Carthy , chairman of the committee Of the friends of W . 8 O'Brien , presented the following resolution , but stated that ho did not hold with its contents : — " That this committee do receive , with every respect and courtesy , the deputation from the Democratic Association held in Golden-lane , with whom we should be happy to co-operate , but that we are obliged to decline the offer on their terms , as we feel that the course pursued by those friends in Ireland who have been
tne associates of Mr . 0 Brien , and the course pursued and pursuing by tbem , is the one which wo feel bound to , follow , in order to render the most emcacious assistance to the noble martyr . " A vote of thanks was given to Mr . M'Carthy . The following resolution was moved by Mr . Clancy , seconded by Mr . Lynch , and adopted : — " That this committee is of opinion that the persons' professing to be the friends of AY . S . O'Brien are pursuing line of conduct incompatible with the feelings of the martyrs of ' 48 , and tending to lessen the character of the Irish people in tho eyes of the world , au « knowing from past experience the futility of such efforts , we consider such conduct in the light of a recantation of former principles , and at vari . ance with their professed claim of national independence . "
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THE DISTRESSED REFUGEES . It having been made known through the Northern Star , 4 c , that Bronterre O'Brien would give his services , and that the Committee of the John-street Institution had given , free of expense , their hall for one night , for the benefit of the Polish ; Italian , Badenese ; and _ other patriots , whom Continental despots have driven to our shores , a largo meeting washeld on Friday evening , July 5 th . The subject announced to be treated on was "LordPalmerston s Foreign Policy , " but Mr . O'Brien , in consequence of tho recent death of a statesman , ask permission to change it for the popular one of" Sir Robert Peel , " which was immediately complied with . Mr . O'Brien having passed a high eulogium on the many private virtues of tho late Sir Robert Peel , proceeded for the space of an hour and a half , amidst wrapt attention , to scan the public acts of that statesmanshowing them to bo of the most
, baneful and deadly kind , so far as the welfare and interest of the masses were concerned . At the conclusion of his discourse he was greeted with hearty and long continued applause . —Mr . Stallwood , in a Bpeech which was rapturously applauded , moved the following resolution : — " That the best thanks of this meeting are eminently due , and hereby given to Mr . Bronterre O'Brien , for the able address he has just , delivered , for tho fraternal purpose of aiding tho Democratic Refugees , and also to the Committee of this Institution , for giving the iree use of their hall for the same object /'—Mr . Rogers seconded tho motion , which was carried by acclamation . —Mr . O'Brien briefly responded , —Mr . T . Brown thanked the mooting on behalf of the refugees . — Several patriotic songs -were sung , after which the meeting dispersed . We wero informed that nearly £ 3 wua collected on tho occasion !
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NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE . The weekly discussions conducted by this body at their rooms , 5 , Snow-hill , City , were resumed on Sunday evening last , when Mr . Dixon , in an able speech , introduced , as a question for discussion , and of which he had previously given notice— " The consequences to be apprehended from the repeal of the Corn Laws . " His views were disputed , and aa animated debate arose thereupon . The discussion was adjourned until Sunday next , the 14 th inst ., when the chair will be taken at eight o ' clock in the evening , and the question will be re-opened by Mr . Side . . At a meeting of the council held on the evening of Wednesday last , it was unanimously resolved , to present the thanks of tho League to Mr . Locke King , for liis effort to extend the franchise , by the assimilation " of . the county to tho borough qualifiation . The speech of Lord John Russell was warmly reprobated and condemned .
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The Kilkenny Cats . —The story generally told is , that two of those ' animals fought in a sawpit with such ferocious determination that when the battle was over nothing could be found remaining of either combatant except his tail , —the marvellous inference to be drawn therefrom being , of course , that they had devoured each other . Thisludicrous anecdote has , no doubt , been generally looked upon as an absurdity of tho Joe Miller class ; but this I conceive to bo a mistake . I have not tho least doubt that the story of tho mutual destruction of the contending cats was an allegory designed to typify the utter ruin to which centuries of litigation and embroilment on the subject of conflicting rights and privileges tended to reduce the resneotive ex .
chequers of the rival municipal bodies of Kilkenny and inshtown , —separato oorporntiohs existing within the hberties of one city ; and the boundaries of whose respective jurisdiction had nover been marked out or defined by an authority to which either was willing to bow , . Their struggles for precedency , and for tho maintenance of alleged rights invaded , commenced a . d . 1377 , and were oarried on with truly feline fierceness and implacability till the end of the seventeenth century , when it may fairly bo considered that they had mutually devoured each other to the very tail , as we find their
property all mortgaged , and see them eabh passing by-laws that their respective officers ehould be content With the dignity of their station , and forego all hope of salary till the suit at law with tho other " pretended corporation" should bo terminated , and the inoumbrances thereby caused removed with the vanquishment of the enemy . Those who have taken the story of the Kilkenny cats in its literal sense have done grievous injuetice to the character of the grimalkins of the ¦ " faire cittie , " who are really quite as demure and quietly disposed a race of tabbies as it is in the nature of any such animals to be . —iVbtw «„ , $ Queries .
M . Thikrs received £ 24 , 000 for v The History of tho Consulate and tho Empire , " several volumes of which are yet unwritten . The publishers , afraid in those stirring times that he might be out off , wished to insure bis life , and tried the London offices for the purpose , but they deolined the risk . Amohq the most recent inventions is one for encircling the tires of-carriage-wheels ! with Indiarubber , whereby their ; progress is rendered noise ^ less / One of the > advantages alleged In favour of the invention ia \ tB great economy , the wear and tear being W v 8 Ugh . t ,
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WORSHIP-STREET .-A Subgeos and nis As-H 8 TAMT . —G . P . Masterman , assistant to Mr . W . Finer , surgeon , North-place , Hoxton , was charged with attempting to strangle his employer . —Mr . Finer was unable to attend . —About five o ' clock on Sunday evening the female servant heard the cry of ; ' Murder . She went up stairs , and on the landing of the secdnd-floor found her master , who had come out of the prisoner ' s bedroom . He bad both his hands up to a silk handkerchief , which was tied round hi 8 neck He was trying to loosen it . He then went into his own bedroom , and requested her to untie it . He was black m the face and bleeding at the nose She with some difficulty uudid the handkerchief , which was tied in two or three knots
uni was twice round his throat . While she was doing this her master , who was sitting on tho bed fell off on the fl : or in a stato of insensibility . —Mr ¦ Win . Maggs , timber merchant , Kingsland-road . said ho was sent for a few minutes after five o ' clock . He found Mr . Finer on the floor . He subsequently sa * the prisoner , and told him that he was afraid something serious would happen . He made replv that his master struck him first . Ho then left the house . —Sergeant Dubois handed in the following letter : — ' Dear Fatlier ,-I swear most solemnly that he struck me first , and that I only resented in selfdefence . I , ask pardon of . God , and swear that this is the wholo ., truth .-G . F . MA 8 TEKMAN . " -The prisoner was remanded for a week ,, ; bail being refused . '¦ " ¦ &
SOUTHWARK . iLTj IIKniNO A forged ' Chrquk . —A young man of respectable appearance , who r , euse I to give his name or address , was charged with uttering a forged cheque for £ 250 witli intent to defraud the London and Westminster Banking Company .-J . ^ Y . Tapp stated that he was clerk in the Southwark branch of the London and Westminster Bank , in Wellington-street , Londonbridge ; that , in the course of Monday morning , the prisoner called at the bank , and inquired if he could tee the manager , saying that he had a note to deliver of some importance relating to a cheque for £ 250 that had been presented on the Saturday previously , but was not cashed . Witness , in reply , informed tho prisoner that Mr . Kincsford . the ma .
iwser , was in attendance , and the prisoner then handed him a letter , which he took to that yentlemaii , —Mr . Kinggford stated that he was manager of the above banking con > pany , an < i that a letter , of which the following is a copy , was given into liis hands on that day . It ran thus : — " Sanford House , Brixton . Gentlemen , —By my father ' s desire I write this note to you . On Saturday he wrote a cheque for £ 250 , and sent it with our clerk , and it , was returned with " signatures differ" on it . rhe cause was this : My father , on Saturday morning , was standing in tho yard when a bale of wool was being taken in , when , the tackle gave way , and fell and struck my fathcr-lnot being there at the tune . There was a doctor sent for , and he was taken
home , and now has only a few hours to live , there being three of his ribs broken and his left thigh . He had , with , great pain , wrote another cheque , which I inclose you . I would call myself , but I am anxious to see the last of my father . The cash is wanted before twelve o ' clock , as thero are nome bills due . —Gentlemen , we remain , Georgb Davis , jun ., and Sos . " -M . Kingsford , in continuation , said that on perusing the note , inclosed in which was a cheque for £ 250 , purporting to be drawn by the son of a gentleman , named George Davis , wno kept an account at the above bank , he ( witness ) suspected it to be a forgery , and accordingly gave the prisoner into custody . When witness questioned the prisoner on the subject he
reluseu to give his name or address , or in fact , any information as to where he came from . —Mr . Davis stated that he is a woolstapler , and in business with us son in Church-street , Bermondsey . That they keep an account with the'South-west Branch of tho London and Westminster Bank . The note aoove-mentioned waa here shown to witness , and he stated that neither that nor the cheque was in his or his son ' s handwriting . —The prisoner was remanded . On Wedncsdey tho prisoner was brought up for re-examination . Tho depositions having been read Mr . Mullins , of the firm of Bush and Mullins , for the prosecution , addressed- the magistrate , and informed him that sinco Monday , it had been ascertained that his namo is William Thorns , and that he -was formerly a clerk in the employ Of Messrs . Gooehand Cousins , woolstaplers , of London-wall in the City . It was also found
that he lived with a famil y of the name of Thorns , m No . 5 , Red Lion-street , Whitechapel , at which house was discovered several documents of importance in elucidation of the present charge , as well as that of the discovery of a forgery to the amount of £ 72 , which he committed on the firm in whose employ he had been in London-wall . The latter circumstance ( Mr . Mullins ) mentioned with a view to show that the prisoner must have been well aware of the consequences of the act he had so recently committed , [ that of uttering ' the forged check for £ 250 en the London and Westminister Bank , pHrporting to be in the handwriting of Mr . Davis / the wookstapler , of Bermondsey , who kept ah aecount with that establishment . —Several witnesses were , produced who deposed to the correctness of this statement , and the evidence in support of the charge being completed , the prisoner was
committed lor trial . A Female Swiscleu . —Louisa Beauebamp , alias Skitt , was brought before Mr . A'Beckett for final examination , charged with obtaining money from Several persons under the pretence of procuring the necessary documents and papers entitling her to property , which she alleged was bequeathed by deceased relatives principally in the colonies . The prisoner was apprehended about a month a ^ o , upon the information of a Mr . Bund , of Creak ' s-buildings , Bermondsey , from whom she obtained upwards of £ 20 upon the representation that she would procuro his pedigree and other documents from Norwich , entitling him to property amounting to £ 50 , 000 . —Committed for trial .
MARLBOROUGII-STREET . -A Novel Theft . —C . Crisp was charged with stealing a cage coutaming a blackbird . —Police-constable 39 C stated that about a quarter-past four on Tuesday morning he was on duty in King-street , Soho , when ho saw the prisoner join two long poles together and go up to a house , in the front of which a cage containing a blackbird was hanging . After looking stealthily round , tho prisoner put the pole up to the first-floor window of the house , and lifted the cage from the hook where it was hanging . Witness rushed forward to collar the prisoner , when tho latter dropped
the cage and ran away . Witness pursued him as far as Newport-market , and took him into custody . —Mr . F . Mayor , 36 , King-street , proved that the cage and bird were his property , and worth 10 s . —A constable stated that latterly-numerous complaints had been made to him by parties who had lost their birds , and no doubt the prisoner had stolen them , as ho ( the constable ) had frequently met him at an early hour in the morning with the poles in his possession , but thinking he was a bill-sticker he took no further notico of him . The prisoner , who did not deny the charge , was fully committed for trial . .
CLERKENWELL .-RoBBEnY .-James Joyce , a tall , middle-aged man , of respectable appearance , who was described in the police sheet as a gentleman , was placed at the bar , before Mr . Combe , charged by Mr , Augustus John Ipsley , of JTo . 27 , Cloremont-pliice , Kentisli-town , ' with stoaling a diamond pin . —The prosecutor deposed that on Saturday afternoon last , between'three . and four o ' clock , ho called at thehouse of Mr . Burton , a beer retailer , of Bingley-place , Pehtonville-road , to transact some business in reference to a lease of one of his houses , when the prisoner came in and claimed acquaintance with him , slapped him on the shoulder , and challenged to give him a " fly" ( toss ) for a couplo . of cigars , which witness declined . The nriaoner
brought him a chair , and they sat down before the bar . Tho prisoner then placed his hand across witness ' s breast , and he felt a jerk . On leaving the place he missed his diamond gold pin from his cravat . Witness returned to the house of Mr . Burton , and charged the prisoner with the robbery . While he was sitting with tho prisoner ho asked him to lend him his watch for a fortnight , and seeing two gold rings on his fingers , he said if he had two gold rings like them he vould make a friend a present of 0110 Of them . The prisoner refused to bo searched except in m-ivate , when a constable was procured and the prisoner , after resistance , waa taken to the station-house . On being searched a diamond gold pin , which was identified by the prosecutor , was found , also a £ 10 Bank of England note , and 5 s . 9 d . Shortly afterwards a diamond gold pin , which the prisoner wore prior to his being given into custody ,
was toum in the road opposite Mr . Burton s house , and it exactly corresponded with the prosecutor ' s , with the exception of being blunt on tho point . The prisoner refused to give his name and address . — Brooke , No . 300 G , proved having apprehended the prisoner . He produced the diamond gold pins . — Mr , Ipsloy positively identified the one found on the prisoner as his property . —Brooke added that the prisoner said he would give £ 10 if he could be searched in private . —John Dean , 92 6 , assisted in searching the prisoner , and finding the property concealed in the folds of his shirt . —Tho prisoner said it was hia own pini and he could produce the-, person whom he bought it of , and he threatened W bring an action against the prosecutor . —Several other witnesses ' vjevo examined , and , aft ©* a lengthened investigation , Mr . Combe decided ou committing the prisoner for trial—The ptisonor was fully committed .
GUILDHALL . —Thk Unknown Madman— The young man who . described himself on . a former occasion aa a determined Chartist ,, was again placed at the bar , before Mr . Aldwman Salomons , for further examination on . the charge of sedition . MtvMaule , the solioito * lor the Homeoffice , attended on tho part ( £ the Government tor the prosecution , and stated that he appeared to the direction of the ReowtMS of State , for the
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Homo Department , to request the alderman to deal with the caso summarily , by binding the prisoner over to keep the peace towards her Majesty and all her subjects . Sir George Grey considered , from the statements made by tho prisoacr , which had been laid . before him , that he was at any rate a dangerous character . It would naturally enough suggest itself to any one of a well , regulated mind , that the prisoner , from his conduct , was deranged in his intellect , and the safest course to pursue , to protect the public from such a miseliievously-dispoaed individual , would be to order him to find such security for his good behaviour as would doter him from carrying his diabolical schemes into execution . —Alderman
Salomons-Prisoner , do you still decline to give nour name ?—Prisoner ( who behaved with great levity during a somewhat long examination ) replied : Certainly , I do decline . The former evidence was then read over , and prisoner was asked if he wished to ask the witnesses any questions ?—Prisoner : I don't want to ask any questions here , as I intend reserving them for a jury . —Alderman Salomons : You will have no chance . —Prisoner : I- have expected all through going before a . jury , as I prefer having twelve men to decide in my case . I think if I could get before a jury , I would make at least one outofthetwelvo obstinate enough to hold out in my favour —Alderman Salomons : My instructions direct me to dispose of the charee
summary , anu l think it right to inform you that it 18 not my intention to commit you for trial . ^ T . T Tu tis de P rivin Smeof tho chance of getting 6 ff . —Alderman Salomons : If you have any defence to make you had better make it now , as this is the only opportunity you will have?—Prisoner : I am very much obliged to you .-Aldermaa Salomons : There is quite sufficient evidence to convince mo what is right for me to do , and unless you can bring forward sufficient evidence to refute tho charge , there is no occasion to cavry tho case any furtheiv-Prisoner : What is the charge ? I have not heard it read over yet , and should like to know why I am detained in custody ?—Alderman Salomons : You are charged with having uttered
documents containing seditious Janguape . —Prisoner : I should like to ask the witnesses a few questions . — The prisoner then put a number of futile questions to the witnesses , but was at length stopped by Alderman Salomons , who said , I do not see what dl these questions have to do with the case before me ; if you have anything more to say in your defence , it must be relative to the subject , or I cannot hear it . —Prisoner : I wish to inform the court that the witnesses have not confined themselves strictly to the truth , for Smith told me he was himself a determined Chartist , and I said at the time that I never intended carrying t h * scheme into effect , as it was fraught with a great dchl of danger to whoever might attempt it . Although nie officer
irequently urged me to do so , and eveu offered me tho money to buy the turpentine for that purpose , I most positively declined to render any assistance personally , but thinking they wero determined Chartists , from their own statement that they were "Chartists to the back bone , " I considered they would not object to risking their lives in such a laudable cause . It is quite true that I would think as little of killing 500 persons in a squabble , as I would of killing a fly , but I could not have the conscience to kill any one in cold blood . Although my scheme threatened the lives of a large portion of the aristocracy , still my object was to protect that ojass . Having had communication with several members of the aristocracy , I have been enabled to ascertain that their rent-rolls are so encumbered with mortgages that their property would soon bo all swallowed up by the lawyers , and the aristocracy of England sink into obscurity . It was therefore from a feeling of pity that I thought if one-half of that class were despatched on their infernal journey it would have the effect of saving the other half ; inasmuch as it . would take away all the present , owners and leave the reversionaries in undisputed possession of the property , and thereby strengthen the remaining portion of the aristocracy . I have contributed to various publications , attended meetings , lectures , and debating societies , and invariably taken the part of the aristocracy , and as I found they were rapidly sinking into decay , I thoueht I would make one desperate effort to save them . I have been called a Chartist , but I am not one : and further . I
never incited any one to attempt to carry out the schemes laid to my charge . — Alderman Salomons ; I think you have saio quite enough , and I feel it my duty to stop you . You are one of three thingsinsane , mischievous , or a person seeking for notoriety . I believe you are the two latter , arising out of a . morbid state of mind . It fully appears your object is to Sguro before a judge and jury , but I am thinking you will be disappointed , . it is my intention to bind you over to keep the peace for twelve months , and to order you to find bail for your good behaviour during that term , in two sureties of £ 100 each , or one of £ 200 , and to enter into your own recognizances for £ 200 moro to the same effect . — Prisoner : I'll consider about giving bail . —He was then removed from the dock , evidently much disappointed at not being sent for trial . Tno court was very much crowded , and the result appeared to give general satisfaction to those present during the examination .
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Aeko . vautics in Paris . —Extraordinary interest had been excited in Paris by the announcement that M . PoiteveD , an aeronaut , would ascend on horseback with a balloon , Upwards of 10 , 0 C 0 persons paid for admission to the Champ de Mara to witness the ascent , and outside , on the heights of Cuatllot , Ac , upwards of 159 , 000 individuals were collected . There was a vast number of carriages and horsemen . The receipts must have been very large . The President of the Republic was present , and was received with great enthusiasm . The balloon was fifteen metres in diameter , forty-seven in circumference , and twenty high , but it only weighed 150 kilogrammes . It was a matter of considerable difficulty to fill the balloon with gasowing to the
, violent wind which prevailed ; and when it was filled , it was beaten to and fro so strongly that several of tho spectators had to assist in holding it . At a little before six o ' clock the horse , a handsome dapple gray , was brought out . A stout cloth was placed round the body , and several straps , passed over the shoulders and loins , were united in rin ^ s , and by these rings the animal was attached by cords to tho network of the balloon . A platform of basketwork , seven or eight feet above the horse , contained the ballast , and to this platform . the aeronaut had accesu by means of a rope ladder . A cord , passing through an opening in the platform , enabled
him to open the valve of the balloon . The aeronaut was dressed as a jockey , and had with him several bottle 3 of wino and some bread . Some confusion was caused by the crowd attempting to force their way into the reserved place , but they were kept off by the soldiers . At length , at ten minutes past six , the horse was duly attached to the balloon , and M . Poiteven having mounted its back , tho signal to rise was given . The horso plunged a little ' as it lost its footing , but when fairly ,, lifted from the earth it dropped its legs , as is the case when horses are slung for embarkation on shipboard . Tho balloon rose majestically over the Ecole Militaire , but at times the wind was so violent as to drive it in
such a position that it appeared on a level with the aeronaut . The emotion of the spectators was very great , and one lady fainted . At , Poiteven displayed extraordinary sangfroid , and saluted with his cap . and whip . After a while ho was seen to leave his ! saddle and ascend by means of the rope ladder to the platform containing the ballast , in order to throw some of it away so as to rise' higher . This done , he descended and again mounted-the horse . Thero was no network or anything to protect him or the animal . The balloon went in the direction of Fontainebleau , and M . Poiteven intended to remain in the air about an hour . Several balloons were let off before M . Poiteven ascended , to ascertain the direction of the wind , and some persons connected with him went off on horseback , in order to be able , if possible , to render him assistance in descending . It is reported that the daring aeronaut alighted at Means , and that horse and rider have
returned safe and sound to Paws . Tragical Affair in "Vermont . —Danville , Juo » 21 , 1850 . —I volunteer my sqfvieos in furnishing yo « with a statement of a shocking affair which has just occurred in our court-house , and has thrown our village into a state of great consternation and excitement . The felons Wairburton , alias BuistolBUl and Meadows , wero brought into court this forenoon at half-past ten o'clock , to receive sentence fop the crime of counterfeiting , of which they . were found guilty last week . Immediately after sentence was passed , to wit , ten years' imprisonment at hard labour , on each of the prisoners , Bristol Bill suddenly and with the agility of a tiger ,, sprang upon Mr . B . N . Davis , state attorney , and plunged tho blade of a large . case knife full three inches into his nwfe , jtt $ taVt ) irobittk Of tho right oar , ' striking the neok bone , arid ' glancing backward instead of forward , to which fortunato circumstance of the
backward direction the state attorney is bo doubt indebted for his Me . Tho first intimation that anji Mie present haul of the nrisoner ' s inteation was the siiarp tinkling of his chains , a 9 he suddenly leaped ) forward to iafiict the wovfid . Mr . Davis fell reeusfi to the floor ,, uttering bat a faint cry , the weapoa sticking ia the wound * A bystander pulled out tha reeking Wade , while Bill stood erect , with a took of exultation depiotod wpon his countenance . Indeed , while being double ironed , he repeatedly stated that ho had but one anxiety , and that was the fear that the work was but half done—that it vould not prove fatal—during whioh he evinced as much coolness as though nothing of any particular moment had ocourred . The family of the state attorney were immediately , sent for , and ; are anxiously attending by his bedside . Mr . Davis is in a , very critical situation , though the attending pbyncbn encourage us with the hope that tho wound wiUn « prove fatal . — American ityw .
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PARLIAMENTARY HE VIEW . Not content with having raised the county franchise from £ 8 to £ 15 during one sitting , the Tory peers , the next time the Irish Parliamentary Voters Bill came before them , inflicted another fatal blow on the Whig measure . By the machinery of the Bill & selfacting registry was provided for . In other words , advantage was taken of the existing poor law and civil machinery in Ireland , to place on the register of voters , the name of every householder paying the required rental , and having paid his rates without any trouble or application on his part . It is needless to
say that this is but the barest justice . If the voteris , as Lord Cabijsle and the Marquis ofLASSDOWXE said , merely a trustee who is invested with the privilege of voting , not for Iris own personal benefit , but for the benefit of the community ; then as trustee he is clearl y entitled to demand that no unnecessary obstacle shall impede the performance of the duty which devolves upon him in the capacity of trustee . " We go farther , and say that it is a duty which , tke Government owe to the people , as the soverei gn power in the State , that they should make all the state machinery subservient to the protection and free exercise of the political and social ri ghts of the people , whose servants they are .
But Lord Stanley and his brother peers desire to be the master , not the servants of the Commonwealth , and hence their dislike to anything that would give even the remotest chance of anything like a popular or independent constituency . Relying on the power of intimidation , which is always at the disposal of large land-owners and organised political parties , as well as calculating upon the indifference of some persons as to the possession of the vote , and the ignorance of large numbers as to the proper means to acquire it , the Tory leader has struck the self-acting machiiiery ont of the bill , and rendered it as defective , and as open to corruption and coercion , to jobbery and to chicanerv .
as the blessed Reform Act , under which Revising Barristers hold courts that are syste maticallyshunned by almost all who are not the mere tools , or dependents of political parties . The raiaing of the qualification from 3 / . to 15 / ., at one swoop , cut down a large number of the proposed Irish voters . The striking out of the self-acting registry will still farther tend to the same result , and , ultimately it is doubtful whether , under the bill , the constituency of Ireland will be much more than doubled . An electoral body of somewhereabout 100 , 000 , out of a population of 8 , 000 , 000 , will attest the dominant Toryism of one powerful fact ion , and the faint-hearted and lip-deep Liberalism of another .
We infer that Ministers do sot intend to resist this bit-by-bit mutilation of the only comparatively useful general measure Avhich has , this year , emerged from the Lower House , because the Marquis of Laxsdowxe , in proposing the reception of the report , intimated that it was not his intention to renew the discuesion upon the two important points on which the Opposition had beaten the Government , when the bill came on for a third
reading , though we have since heard it rumeured that a last effort will be made on the third reading . If there had been any serious intention of restoring it to its original shape when sent back to the Commons , we think Lord JOHN would have taken advantage of the debate on Mr . Locke Kisg ' s motion to have indicated that intention to the Peers and to the country . By joining with the Tories in his opposition to that motion , he , on the contrary , we think , gave them to understand that
as far as he and his Cabinet are concerned , they may safely indul ge to their hearts content , in their favourite legislative pastime of trampling upon popular rights and franchises . There was only one sentence which held out a glimpse of ho pe that Lord John is aware of the character of the crisis to which we are fast approaching , and that was the passage in which he deprecated the introduction of Mr . Klng ' s bill , because atthis time it was impossible to proceed with so very important a subject , and to trifle With it Would be unworthy of the situation , ana not quite fair to the peol pie of «« country If Whi g phraseology means anything , and especiall y in the mouth pf so adroit a special pleader as Lord John
has , upon more than one occasion , shown himself recently , that sentence should mean that thePmsffl Mikisiee is aware of theimuor *? " * ° ?" - ^ t f f ** franchise , Ind that the altered state of parties has altered the situation and relative strength of parties in Parliament . As we have alread y stated , his policy of Btand . stillism must he substituted for progress . He mnst either " move on , " Or "move out" The speech of Mr . G . Thompson was graphically illustrative of the anomalies of ourpresent disgraceful representative , orrather non-representative system ; and it is to be regretted that the constitution of the House prevents so few opportunities for forcing this subject upon- its attention . Meanwhile we may , wirtmnf . -te rn * thereby misapprehended , or
supposed ^ approveof thepnnciple which Mr . KiX sought to embody in a Bill , fairly congratulate the Suffrage Reformers on the fact * that a minority of one hundred members voted in &vourof that motion . TV © would ii ^ nh ^ it as thefirst of those inojcaUona-of a nw »
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aaSSr ^ W g& ^ steasftfc f at the worm s mouth , and allowing notbinl iori ^ t ' ^? l' P ° ration > &c . Themajomy by which this resolution was carried was quite as respectable and influential as that for dosing the Post-office on Sundavs : bnt w »
doubted at the time whether the Government would as readily carry it into effect . The result has justified our scepticism . The Chancellor of the Exchequer— on the question being again brought forward in due coursemoved a negative , and , in a House of two hundred and forty-one members , only escaped a second defeat by a majority of one ! We
should think that the Scotch and Irish distillers are not particularl y in love with a Financial Minister who , on so narrow a majoritv as that , will persist in robbing them of duty * for spirits which never come into the market—or in other words , of taking money from them against which they cannot place the mercantile set-oft ^ " value received . " But Sir Chables Wood is equally famous for his
anxiety to catch hold of the people ' s money , and his incapacity to apply it properly . His Budget this year has shown his incompetency to deal with a surplus quite as plainl y as his former attempts did to deal with a deficit . In either case he is hopelessly imbecile ; and as long as men of busines choose to have the national cash account managed by such a man they muBt pay the penalt y—apropos of Exchequer management . Mr . Austey once more introduced the question of the Adulteration of Coffee by mean 3 of Chicory . He showed that Chicory is diminishing in consumption in consequence of the substitution or largely in-| creased size of this root in- combination with
ground coffee , and he not unfairly called for protection to the public against this fraud , and to the colonist who had to contend against an untaxed article . Sir Chables Wood , however , saw "difficulties" in the waythat fatal word before which Whi g courage oozes out like that of" Bob Acres , "—and he , therefore , refused to entertain the question ! A characteristic- speech was made in the
course of the short debate , by Sir John TrKBiLL , for once he voted with the Whig Chancellor . Wh y ? because he is a grower of chicory , and can grow two tons and a half an acre on good land , which at £ 24 a ton , will yield £ 60 an acre , at a time when good land , with four quarters of wheat an acre will not return £ 10 . The Protectionists are of the opinion with the late Alderman Brooks — "Lord love you I we are all for ourselves m this world 1 "—and they never lose an op . portunity of practically exemplifying their belief . We do not wonder « it Sir John praising highly the " mocha flavour " imparted by chicory , when it gives six times the return of wheat grown on the same land .
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healthful state of parties , and the breaking up loofforwSJ POlltiCal 8 tagnati 0 n to * h we SbR Pe ^ * ^^^ of the death of Mflifal state of parties , andtheWv ™ ™
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The "farmers'friends" screwed their courage up to the point of proposing the repeal of the Malt Tax at last . That valorous feat was not , however , performed by Mr . Disraeli , the Marquis of Granby , Mr . Herries , or any of the would-be " guides , philosophers , and Mends" of the Protectionist party . Mr . Cayley , a kind of " odd man" with sundiy " crotchets , " was put forward as the forlorn hope ; and we must do him the justice to say , that he gallantly performed the task assigned to him , bnt that his motion would be otherwise
than rejected , never entered the mind of any human being . . Even Mr . Cayley himself , at the commencement of his speech , knew what its fate would be as well as he did at its close . The only wonder is that one hundred and twenty-three members were mustered to vote for it ; and this fact shows that the dread of a general election is operating among count y members , and those who have the prospect of facing agricultural constituencies . The stereotyped reply of Sir Charles Wood to all applications for the remission of taxes , or for the re-distribution of the fiscal burdens of the country , was of coarse repeated with such
variation aS the not very livel y imagination of that gentleman enabled him to produce for the occasion ; and after a show night , and a show debate intended , or at least expected , by all parties to end in smoke , the motion was negatived by two to one , leaving to the jolly farmers the glorious satisfaction of reading the speeches in the Sunday papers that circulate among them . " Sic transit gloria mundi !" Thus passes the glory of the Protectionist dinners and meetings . The great things which the " fanners' friends _ " were to achieve turn out to be exceedingly small . This is the pretext of sham legislation .
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On Wednesday , Mr . Woetley ' s unfortunate Marriage Bill—which has at every stage met with the most determined opposition was left with yet a final division to encounter ; and the narrow majorities on the two last were not of a character to insure for it a very encouraging reception in the Peers at a period of the Session when everything that can be staved off "till next Session" is sure to be swept into the red boxes behind the clerks at their Lordships' table . Mr . Woutley , we suspect , will have to renew the fight a third tune .
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On Thursday , Mr . Ewarx ' s annual motion for the abolition of public strangling was briefly debated in an impatient House , and met with the usual fate . Our legislators do not believe in that article of the decalogue which says , " Thou shalt not kill . " They refuse to interfere with the trade and emoluments of Mr . Ualcraft , as one of those precious relics of the wisdom of our forefathers , which all are bound to venerate deeply , and to transmit intact to a grateful and admiring posterity .
Immediately afterwards the House counted out by preconcerted arrangement , on Mr . O'Connor ' s motion . If the people were but true to themselves , and faithful to their leaders , how soon they would change this scornful and contemptuous treatment into a ready and enlightened obedience to their wishes ; but , while they remain disunited or apathetic , they must submit to the consequence . They have , after all , only themselves to blame for the" Contumely , tyranny , and Injustice , which they now suffer under . 1 They who would be free , Themselves must strike the Wow . '
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5 ° H » papeT ?•«? ^ ! ° . "ays » Ame-{ W . * A tel wwtwwwy was a ^ "StotttoS ^ T ? " ? * as ordered to U 2 ^ « wffilin S . < lcfendant w » tried , aid
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BILL FOB , THE BETTER PROTECTION OF THE HEALTH AND LIVES OP MINERS . .
TO THS EDrTOR OF THB NORTHERN STAR . Sib , —I beg to intimate , through the medium of your valuable journal , that the exertions of the friends of the Miners , together with their own petitions , ( Sec ., have at last induced the government to attempt to legislate for the better protection of the health and lives of that useful body of men . A bill was introduced a few days ago into the House of Lords by the Earl of Carlisle for tho above purpose . ; and as no doubt many will be anxious to learn the provisions of that bill , I forward a brief notice thereof , and will add , at the same time , an observation or two on the principle and tendency of the same , and conclude by inviting all mining districts to be watchful , or even this limited and imperfect measure will be shorn of its best part , t i j
~»> . u »> a prevented Tom passing ac au mis session of Parliament . The bill may be divided into two parts , the first embracing considerations to protect the lives of the miners . The second part applies a more rigid machinery to the coroners' inquests , with a view to ascertain more clearly the cause of death , drc . The first department provides that inspectors shall be appointed , who shall have power to enter the pits at any reasonable time , and to examine the air-ways , the air-doors , stoppings , pits , levels , water-ways , and every other matter or thing connected with the machinery of the mine and the safety of the workmen . The bill then goes oil to state that should anything appear to the inspector to be calculated to endanger the lives of the miiiera , h . 6 shall apprise the agent or ot ow thereof , and
Hqman History^ 11 ' '~~
HQMAN HISTORY ^ 11 ' ' ~~
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TO THE MINERS OF GREAT . BRITAIN . Fellow Men , —In attempting to draw your attention to the " signs of the times" allow me to state , that however great and manifold your present burdens may be , and however grievous it maybe to you to bear those burdens , there is no other way by which you can be saved—there is ho other plan by which you can be saved from such burdens than by uniting yourselves in one common bond of brotherhood—one general plan of organisation , which shall embrace . the whole of the miners of this country . In taking a view of the aspect of things , I perceive that strong symptoms of something being wrong have manifested themselves of laite ?
A large portion of the Miners of Scotland have been struggling , for a series of weeks , to tfbtain a nipre certain and a more adequate remuneration for ' thei * labour , and to have those wages they honestly earn paM every week , and that in the current coin of the realm . Again , there has been- a series of very extensive strikes in Wales , to prevent a reduction of wages . In Staffordshire , Lancashire , Northumberland , and Durham , attempts have been , and are still being made , to pull down the price of labour , all of which have been resisted ; and although ' , in a great many instances , success has attended sucVresistance
yet we may rest assurfd , that unless a barrier is erected , and tha ^ speedily , the matters will return to the attack , and in all probability carry their point . Indeed , it is more than probable , it is a moral certa-nty . Look at the price of coals—witness the low figure to which competition among us , aad among the owners , have entailed upon that article ; and we may be sure that an attempt will be made ^ and that shortly , to bring the wages of the miners still lower , unless an understanding can be come to to limit the produce of our labour so as to eimue , at least a fourth less being sent to market , and thereby prevent the neces sity which must otherwise arise of reducing the prices at present paid .
Fellow-men , —A few weeks ago a conference from the chief mining districts was held for the especial purpose of re-establishing the Miners' Association , which , although sustained and kept up in a partial way by a few brave and noble-hearted men , had , nevertheless , been rendered inoperative as regards the general mass of miners . At this conference it was clearly and satisfactoril y laid down , that without some well-defined and organised plan of limiting the produce more in accordance with the demand
than heretofore , that nothing but the greatest misery and privations were in store for the miners of this country . Htnce a code of regulations were adopted for the purpose of being submitted to the body of miners , the objects of which are to bring about a cordial understanding among all who labour in mines , so that the most effective plans maybe put into operation to- ensure a more healthy state o ! the market , and thereby prevent the downward tendency of wages / .. . ¦
The object I have in view in thus addressing you is to apprise all the mining body that another conference will be held on the 19 ih of August nest , at Newcastle-upon-Tyne , for the purpose of consolidating the rules and regulations adopted at the preceding conference ; and it is hoped that every minen in whatever part of Great Britain he maybe located , will see it to be his interest and his duty to be represented in that conference , that proper and efficient steps may be taken to meet the threatened evil , and to avert the coming destruction .
Brother Miners . —Let us make an effort while there is yet life enough in the body , to overcome the malady—whilst we are yet sufficiently powerful to lay the foundation , and build the superstructure , which sball eventually and abundantly repay us for all we may expend upon it , and which shall also convey to our children , and the community at large , another proof of the grand results of union and co operation , when fairly applied to the mitigation of the evils which oppress so extensivel y the working classes of this and every other country .
Again soliciting your attention to the 19 th of August , and trusting the conference will be a bumper , I remain , yours respectfully , M . Jure , Sec . A copy of the minutes of last conference will be sent to those who apply to M . Jude , Sandyfordlane , Newcastle-upon-Tyne .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 13, 1850, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1582/page/5/
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