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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Al derman Rooney : I have only to say , sir , thislord Mayor : You are to address " me as Lord Mayor . —Alderman Eooney : I say that you have tailed we a scoundrel , sir ; and I tell you that that assertion is false .- —Lord Mayor : You shall not address me as Lord Mayor in that way . —Alderman Rooney : The meeting was over . —Lord Mayor : It is not over . —Alderman Rooney : I wish to be heard in explanation , and I say this , that the language which you have used in reference to me is most unfounded , and wilfully so . —Lord Mayor : Send out for the police . —Alderman Rooney : Oh ! the bodyguard , the bodyguard . —Mr . ffogent : J entreat of Alderman Rooney not to be making a bear-garden of this dace . —Lord Mayor ( to Alderman Rooney ) ^ ^ Tn ^ ooney : 1 ^^ onl ytosay , sir , this
I arrest , yon now as chief magistrate of the city—A lderman Rooney : The house was broken op when you attacked me . —Lord Mayor : I arrest you in the Queen ' s name , aad I will bring yon to the police office . — Alderman Rooney " : Oh ! do now , only bring me there . 1 won ' t stir . Do , and see if I don ' t make vou pay for it . —Mr . Lambert said , that some allowance ought to be made for Alderman Rooney losin <* his temper , when the Lord Mayor had applied to ° him bucIi language as he ( Mr . Lambert ) had read . The Lord Mayor sad , that he would not allow anything £ ¦* ^ i ^ " ?* P ? . 81 <> t « mi ** * p witS
K ! 7 -tTil K m me conncil . —Alderman Rooney Oh ! if 1 had been at the meeting , I promise you , jon would not have used such language . I tell yon that Alderman Rooney here went towards the door—Lord Mayor : I am very happy that you ar e going . & not allthia very creditable to the council ?—Alderman Rooney : Call off your bodyguard , ana don ' t abuse me in my absence , coward that you are !—Lord Mayor : I hope it will go forth to the public that he returned to assault me . — Mr . Barlow : If he meant to do so , he wonld take some other way of doing it than bv walking ont . The council then broke up evidently highly excited oy the scene which they had just witnessed .
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THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS . Cambridge . —The harvest has progressed most rapidly , many fields of wheat hare been carried , though perhaps if more field room bad been given , the condition would have been better . The wheat harvest in the immediate vicinity of the town may be said to be completed . Some parcels have been thrashed , and we are sorry to say that there is a great deficiency in the yield , much more so than was at first anticipated . The barley harvest is proceeding rapidly , and the crops , generally speaking , are heavy , the ear is , however , thin , and the yield will therefore not be so great as in some years : the
quality for the most part is excellent . Peas are a fair crop , and beans , notwithstanding the ravages of the black fly , are exceedingly well hung . There is no < Ioubt but that the blight has most seriously attacked the potatoes—fields whicb a few days since looked in full vigour are now completely changed showing unmistakeable symptoms of the disease with which they have been visited for the lass few years . The turnips and wurzel are both looking remarkably well , and as there is abundance of feed , -we do not anticipate any great reduction in the price -f meat ; still , with the failure of the wheat crop and the potato disease , there is anything but a cheering prospect for the farmer .
DcBHiM . — « The storm of wind on Monday , " says a Stockton correspondent , " has done some damage , in exposed situations , to the wheat crops . The apple trees , however , have suffered most ; they are , I am informed , nearly stripped : and our market to day ( Wednesday ) corroborates the assertion , by the large quantities offered for sale . " The corn crops of onr own district have suffered materially from the gale , much of the grain having been shaken out . The harvest is now fast becoming general in Gateshead aud the neighbourhood . — Gatediead Observer .
Cumberland . —The harvest has generally commenced in the neighbourhood of Gosforth , and the ackl « is in full operation , but within the last few days a large quantity of rain has fallen accompanied by high westerly winds , which much retarded the work of the reaper , and done some damage to the standing corn . Reapers are in request , and wages this day lave been 2 s . per day , although many groups o ' f Irishmen are travelling the roads in want of employment . If , however , next week be fine , all hands will Oe required , as a large breadth of grain is fully ripe . Oats and barley are very good , well ripe , a good colour , and a full crop . Wheat is somewhat fight , but takes off full in the ear and well fed . Potatoes , I am sorry to say , are again diseased .
Cohset . —Harvest is commenced here in good earnest . Wheat is most abundant in quantity and excellent in quality . Oats a fair average , but barley is miserably defective . And , as regards the potatoe crop , the fatal disease hns re-appeared with as much virulence all over this nei ghbourhood as in any former years . WmiEHAVES . —The grain crops in the neighbour hood are now in such a state of fordwardness as to afford constant employment for the sickle ; but during a great part of the past week the feather has been so wet and stormy that little progress has been made in the harvest field , and some of the strongest crops in exposed situations have been considerably laid bv the wind and ram . aiuci . iujv mm oy toe wmaaiia rain .
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¦ Jesxy Lisd . — " How do you like the Jenny Lind ? " said a young woman to an old steam captain . "Don ' t like her at all , madam . She burns too much wood , and carries too little freight . " Whch is ? he wickedest part of the church ? The nave . THEaiPEuncs . —The history of medicine is b . v no means flattering to science . It is questionable whether more is known vi diseases , their cause , and their cure , at this mojnent . than in the time of Galen ; it is certain that diseases are quite as numerous , and in the aggregate as fataL Every ag e has produced some new system of artificial therapeutics which the nest age has banished ; each nas boasted in its turn of cures , and they , in their tuvn . have teen condemned as failures . Medicines themselves are the subjects OT ^ etded ; in fact , that it has no established principles , that it i » little more than conjectural f * At this moment , " says Mr . Pinny , - the opinions on the subject of treatment
are almost as nnmerous as the practitioners themselves . Witness the mass of contradiction on the treatment of even one disease , namely , consumption . Stroll attributes its frequency to the introduction ot bavk . Morton considers bark an effectual cure . Reid ascribes the frequency of the disease to the use of mercury . Briilonet asserts that it is curable by mercury only . Uuse says that consumption is an inflammatory disease — should be treated b y bleeding , purging , cooling ntiicines , and starvation . * Salvadori says it is a . disease of debility , and should be treated by tonics , stimulating remedies , and a generons diet Galen recommended vinerar as the best preventative of consumption . Dessanll and others assort that consumption is often brought on by taking vinegar to prev . nt obesity . Beddoes recommended foxglove as a specific Dr . Parr found foxglove more injurious in his practice than benefici ; J . Such are the contradictory statements oi' medical men ! ' And yet there can be but one truetheorv of disease . Of the
fallibility and inefficiency of medicine , none have been more conscious than medical men themselves , many of nliom have been honest enough to avow their conviction , and now recommend MESSKS . DU BAKKY ' S REVALESTA AHABICA FOOD , a farina , which careful analy-is has shown to be derived from the root of an African plant , somewhat similar to our honeysuckle . It appears lo possess properties of a highly curative and delicately nutritive kind ; and numerous testimonials from parties of unauestionable respectability , have attested that it supersedes medicine of every description in the effectual ami permanent removal of indigestion ( dyspepsia ) , constipation , and diarrhoea , nervousness , biliousness , liver complaint , flttuleucj , distension , palpitation of the heart , nervous headache ] deafness , noises in the head ami ears , pains in almost evenpart oi the body , chronic in&unmatum and ukeratitm of
the stomach , erysipelas , eruptions on the sWn . incipient consumption , dropsy , rheumatism , gout , heartburn , nausea and sufcness during pregnancy , after eating , or at sea , low spirits , spasms , cramp , spleen , general debiatv , paralysis , asthma , coughs , inquietude , sleeplessness , involuntary mushing tremour , dislike to society , unfitness forstudy , loss of memory , delusions , verttco , blood to the head , exhaustion , melancholy , groundless fear , indecision , ¦ wretchedness , thoughts of srif-deitrucnon , and manv other complaints . It is , moreover , admitted l . y those who have used it to be the best food for infants and invalids generally , as it never turns add on the weakest stomach , but imparts a healthy relish for lunch aud dinner , and restores the faculty of digestion and nmous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled . It has the highest approbation of Lord Stuart de Decies : the Venerable Archdeacon
Alexander Stuart , -. f Ross , a cure of three years' nervousness ; Hiijor-General Thomas King , of Exraouth ; Cajrt . Parker , D . Iiingham , R . X ., of No . i , Park-wslk , Little Chelsea , London , who was cored of rnenry-seveuyears dyspepsia i six weeks time ; Captain Andrews , R . N ., Captain Edv . ards , 1 LX . -. William Hunt , Esq ., barri-ter-at-law , King ' s College , Cambridge , who , after suffering vears from partial fsiralvsis , has regained the use of Ids limbs in a very short time upon this excellent food ; the Her . Charles Kerr . of vfinslow , Bucks-a cure of functional disorders ; Mr . T . woodhouse , Bromley—recording the cure of a lady from consuiauonana sickness during preguancv ; the Rev . T . Minster , of St . Saviour ' s , Leeds-a cure of ' five years ner-T 0 ^! J ! ' ^ StV S pasms ** & * % vomitings ; Mr . Taylor , ? S £ V ^ ' ' Ca ^ AUen ' wording the cure of epip £ v il ^ Ure and Uam-y ; James Shorland , Stiie 9 6 thR ^ " terrace ' Readin S' terte , late surgeon ro * fce 9 ( rth Reguntnt , a cure oi drmsv ; . lamps lV . rW .
SaSWR- ' mras S ^ SasS&a ^ sSj 20 , 0 ( . f . other wdl iJ ^ gto ^ ' ??* " **™'™* discoverers and-importer ™!* B ™/' . ' , ? , ! L ? TO W Bond-street , London , testimomK C ° t * ^ 1- V " «* * * K * theiLeaJAhastenV ^ oSthtsuT Sutton , Sanger , and Uannay , undtoou ? b afec ^ ue mists , medicme renders , and bookseller ^ iu tK ££ „ CAtmox . — The name of Messr * Du itarri ' ; ,, ? , "'• Food , asakothatofthefirm , ta&S £ S « gJ tatedthai . invalidscannot too carefully look . tfte eS * spelling of both , and also Messrs . Du . Karrj ' s addres s ^ Xevr Bond-street , London , in order to avoid beiii" inmnwrt upon by Ervalenta , Heal Arabian ltevalente Lent ? Powder , or other spurions compounds of pease feme
lnoian and eatmeal , under a close imitation of the Dame which haTe Hotting to recommend them but the reckless audacity oftheir ignorant or unscrupulous compounders and which , though admirably adapted for pigs , would piay saacav « mtb , tli 9 delicate stomach Of an Invalid or islaat
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uourDon iamily , which originated in PhiliDDe t SSgpsahratfS E ^ , Peiit grandson . Philippe , the first ? 4 ke ^ Orleans , wa 3 twice marrie ^/ h s last wife bemg EluabethCharlotte ofBohemiagranddauX rtL tlf n f r En S land - » ™ from this lady thatthe Orleans family descended , and through her has been traced a direct relationship to the lino nf __ DEATH OF ™ $ ™*] j * rBBi £ i ^
Stuart . When a minor , Louis Philippe was entitled J ) uke of Valois , but on his father succeeding to the title of Duke of Orleans in 1786 , he became Duke of Chartres . He was , with his brothers and sisters placed under the superintendence of Madame de Genlis , and under her tuition they were taught the English and other languages . Of the political movement in 1789 the countess and her husband were warm adherents , and they failed not to impress their sentiments on the young minds of their charge . Louis Philippe was introduced , whilst very young , a member of the Jacobin Club , and was lrequently present at its sittings . In June , 1783 , he proceeded to Vendonie , where a popular commotion took place in consequence of a
number of clergymen refusing to take an oath he being at that time appointed to an honorary colonelcy in the 14 th regiment of Dragoons . At this place he saved the lives of the non-juring clergymen , who were about being killed by the police . Some tune after this emeute he saved the life of a citizen of Tendome , who was rescued from drowning only by the heroic efforts of the duke . For his int trepidity he was presented with a civic crown . About two months after going to Vendome he quitted the garrison with his regiment , and proceeded to Valenciennes , in the north of France , where he continued his military avocations . Abaut the middle of April , 1792 , war was declared against Austria , and now louis Philippe made his first
campaign . At the head of his troops he fought at J almy , in September , 1792 , and aftertrards , on the 6 th of November , under Dumourier . While the duke was engaged in repelling the foreign armies which menaced the tottering fabric of the Trench monarchy , the revolution was hastening to its climax . The monarchy being extinguished , and the king and his family placed in confinement , a decree of banishment was hastily passed against all other members of the Bourbon Capet race . This act of proscription , however , was as summarily repealed . On the 21 st of January , 1793 , the unfortunate Louis XVI . was executed , and on the 6 th of November the Duke of Orlerns ( Egalite" ) was tried before the revolutionary tribunal , on a charge of consnirW
against the nation , was condemned , and guillotined . At that period the Duke of Chartres fled into the Belgian Netherlands , then under Austria , where he was courteously received , out he refused to take np arms against France . For some time he was subject to great privations , frequently journeying on foot , with a pack on his hack , and shoes worn out , and sometimes fearful of discovery . He , however , managed to get an introduction to the teacher of an academy at Eeicbenau , in the Grisons . Here , under a feigned name , and without being recognised , he taught geography , and the French and English languages for many months . In consequence of some political troubles , the Duke of Orleans—for such he was now entitled to be called , after the
decease of his father-left Switzerland , and travelled through a great part of Europe , residing for some time in Denmark , without the knowledge of the French government . Through his mother , the Duchess of Orleans , a communication was made , that if he went to America , the sequestration should be taken from his property , and she would be made more comfortable , and her two other sons , Montpensier and Beaujolais , should be released from prison , and permitted also to embark for America . To this proposition the Duke of Orleans acceded ; and , accordingly , on the 24 th of September , 1796 , he embarked for Philadelphia , which he reached after a passage of twenty-seven days , and where he was joined by Montpensier and Beaujolais . Whilst here they learned that a law had been passed in France decreeing the expulsion of all the
Bourbon family from the country , and that their mother had been deported to Spain . Their object was now to join her , but owing to their pecuniary circumstances , and to the war between England and Spain , thia object was not easily accomplished . After &any extraordinary adventures , however , ths-y reached England , and having proceeded to London , they shortly afterwards took up their quarters at Twickenham . The English government having allowed the Duke of Orleans a free passage in a frigate to Minorca ^ he proceeded thither , expecting to find the means of passing over to Spain . From the convulsed state that country was in , the expedition proved fruitless , and he was obliged to return back to England again , retiring to Twickenham , at which place the Duke of Montpensier died on the 18 th of May , 1807 , and was buried in Westminster Abbey .
At the invitation of King Ferdinand of Naples , the Duke of Orleans visited Palermo , where he gained the affections of the Princess Amelia , the second daughter of the King , and in 1 S 00 they were married . In 1814 , intelligence reached Palermo that Napoleon had abdicated the throne , and that the Bonrbons were to be restored to France . On the 18 th of May he arrived in Paris , when , in a short time , he was in the enjoyment of the honours due to them . The return of Napoleon in 1815 broke up his arrangements , and he again went to reside at Twickenham . On the return ef Louis XVIII ., after the hundred days , an ordinance was issued , authorising , according to the charter as it then stood , all the
princes of the blood to take their seat 3 in the Chamber of Peers , and the duke returned to France in September , 1815 . Here he distinguished himself by a display of liberal sentiments , which were so little agreeable to the administration that he returned to England , where he remained till 1817 . He then returned to France , but was not again summoned to sit in the Chamber of Peers , lie , therefore , remained in private life for some time , when an unexpected scene was opened—viz ., the revolution of 1830 , during which the King was in effect discrowned , and the throne vacated . In this emergency , the provisional government , which had arisen out of the struggle , and in which Lafitte , Lafayette , and other politicians had taken the lead , turned towards Louis Philippe . A negotiation with him was opened , aud , after a few days' consideration , he acceded to the request , and at noon on the
31 st of July , he went to Paris , and accepted the office which had been assigned to him . On the 2 nd of August the abdication of Charles X . and his son was placed in the hands of the lieutenantgeneral—the abdication , however , being in favour of the Duke of Bordeaux . On the 7 th , the Chamber of Deputies declared the throne vacant , nnd on the following day the chamber went in a body to Louis Philippe , and offered him the crown on terms of a revised churter , which he formerly accepted in the Chamber of Deputies on the 9 th . He brought to the throne habits which peculiarly fitted him for active business . He examined himself all important papers connected with the affairs of state , read the principal journals , and attended even to the details of his own private fortune , and to the management of the affairs of his family and children .
A writer in Fmzer'sMaaarine , writing some years ago , says : — ' The King of the French was a early riser , seldom being found in bed after six in the summer or after eight in winter . At eleven , when in Paris , he generally visited the buildings of the Tuileries and the Palais Royal . On such occasions he was often accompanied by his departed sister , and generally by his architect . Here he was in a congenial element He had no mean knowledge of architecture , and was seldom so happy as when dabbling in bricks . and mortar , and ordering necessary alterations and repairs . After a council the king would proceed over the Tuileries and Louvre , for be liked to visit the ateliers of painters . If he entered into conversation with an artist whose
man-? lers and discourse pleased him , he told the painter how he sighed on remembering the times when he walked from one end of Paris to another with an umbrella under his arm . Ah , my good sir , ' he would say , ' when I was Duke of Orleans , I could carry my old umbrella as a walking-stick from one end of Paris to the other—go out with a pair of strong old shoes , which had got the shape and form of my feet , and gave me ample room and verge enough ! In suclfguise and gear I could stare in at all print and book shops , look over the stalls , which was a great delight and pleasure to me ; but , being the King of the French , I cannot do that now . The other day my people' wanted to prevent a worthy man and a distinguished magistrate the entree to me because he cairied an old umbrella , and was somewhat dirt-bespattered ; but I told ' my people ' that those who carried umbrellas , and whose shoes .
hose , and trowyers were somewhat marked with la bout de Paris , were the happiest people after all . Voila lefait , mm bon monsieur . '" The civil list granted to Louis Philippe by the law of the 2 nd of March , 1832 , differed in amount of allowance in money from that to his predecessor by about twenty millions of francs per annum , but Louis Philippe was relieved from keeping up an establishment of gardes du corps . The grant was twelve millions , exclusive of the revenues to be derived from numerous woods , forests , and estates . Ou the other hand , the keeping up and repairing these estates were at the charge of the civil list . As Louis Philippe had a strong passion for building , he had taken care to have a clause inserted in the civil list law , authorising him to make such addi-^ * alterat «» s , and embellishments as he should tteem proper to any of fte . royal domains . The
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l »! S JT f 01118 Phili PPe gave to this hobby rt S dby theira PWementsin the palace of the Tuileries , the restoring of Fontainbleau and its dependencies , the conversion of the Palace of Versailles into an historical museum , and works at other places largely indebted the civil list-to what amount has been variousl y stated However amiable some of his ' private qualities might lie , it was soon found that , in his public capacity , Louis Philippe was not acceptable to the French nation . The numerous attempts made to assassinate him aru sufficiently familiar . He would not give way to the advancing spirit of the ace , and year by year his government became more and more - M . whfahL h IM ^^^
corrupt and unpopular . With a great private fortune and a liberal civil list , he yet ran into debt . His tradesmen were constantly applying to him for payment . He owed his fruiterers 95 , 000 francs , and his baker at Neuilly 25 , 000 francs . No man possessed in a higher degree the mania of heaping provisions , purchasing without measure , and generally without choice . The cellars of Neuilly contained 75 , 000 bottles of 150 different kinds of wines , and upwards of 1 , 200 full hogsheads . The bronze stores of Villers were filled with a sufficient quantity of works of art , small statues , clocks , various ornaments in gilt bronze and others , to furnish three palaces .
At last the period of his downfall came . He opposed the reforms loudly demanded . The fatal day was the 24 th of February , 1848 . The story has been thus graphically told by M . Emile de Girardin , in his personal narrative of the events which took place m the palacoof the Tuileries on the day of the abdication and flight of Louis Philippe : "M . Emile de Girardin was passiBg before the Hotel des Affaires Estrangeres , when the accidental discharge which lighted a revolution took place . On February 24 , at seven o ' clock in the morning , he had gone through the streets , and had , by personal observation satisfied himself of the gravity ol the situation ; he then determined tv go to the Tuilenes , and arrived there at eight o ' clock after
having scaled several barricades . ° He demanded to speak to the King ; General Rumigny requested him first to see M . Thiers , who was at the headquarters of the Carousel with MM . Barrot , de ftemusat , Duvergier , d'Houranne , and Lamoriciere . M . de Uirardia went there and convinced them that the situation was more grave than they imagined . From the head quarters he went back to the Tuileries—a proclamation was got up hastily , but where was it to be printed ? There was plenty of irtillery , but no printing office . A printing press and types would at that moment have been worth more than ten cannons and their ammunition , M . Thiers implored M . Merruan and M . do Girardin to compose and print as Quickly as nossible at the
printing offices of the Constitulionnel and the Pressc the proclamation which had been prepared , and which announced the formation of the ministry of Thiers , Barrot , Duvergier , and Remusat , and the dissolution of the chamber . At the saire moment that M . de Girardin came out of the Tuileries MM . Guizot , de Broglie , and d'Haussonville arrived there on foot . They were not received . Seconds are hours . To go from the Tuileriea to the Rue Montmartro , crossing thirty barriers , required more than thirty minutes . The proclamation of M . Thiers is composed and printed . It was in vain to attempt to post it up ; it was hissed at , and immediately torn down . M . de Girardin , judging by this fact of the gravity of circumstances , took upon
himself to compose immediately the following proclamation : — " Tuileries , Feb . 24 th , 1848 ; eleven o ' clock in the morning—Abdication of the king ; regency of the Duchess of Orleans ; dissolution of the chamber ; general amnesty ; " and returned with all despatch to the Tuileries . He informed Marshal Bugeaud at the head quarter of the Carousal of what was passing , and then went to the cabinet of the king , where he was introduced after lesing several minutes in attending . The king was in an arm chair , near the window . MM . Thiers and de Remusat were present ; they were standing near the fire-place . " What is the matter , M . de Girardin ? " said the King . — " There is not , sire , a moment to lose , and it the most decisive measures are not now taken in an hour royalty will have ceased in France . "
All eyes were directed on M . de Giradin , as if he had lost bis reason . He perceived M . Merruan , the principal editor of the Constitutionnel , who was present , and appealed to him . The statement of M . de Girardin was confirmed by M . Merruan . After a moment of silence the King said , " "What is to be done ?"— "Abdicate , sire!—abdicate!—" Yes , without a moment ' s hesitation , and confer the regency on the Duchess of Orleans , for the Duke de Kemours will not be accepted . " The King rose and said , "Gentlemen , shall I mount my horse ?"— " No , " was the reply . —The Duke de Montpensier approached the King and pressed him to abdicate . —The King said , " 1 abdicate . The regency of the Duchess of Orleans is accepted . "
The Messager gave the following as the autograph act of abdication signed by Louis Philippe : — "I abdicate the crown which the voice of the nation called me to wear , in favour of my grandson the Count de Paris . May he succeed in the task which this day falls upon him . "Lotna Philippe . " The Messager added— " This important document was snatched at the Tuileries from the hands of the general , who was going to present it to the people , by the citizen Charles Lagrange , of Lyons , who cried on seizing it So Regency—No more
Kings—Vive la Republique . ' It was written on a square and irregular piece of paper , which was folded before it was quite dry ; it is blotted with duplicata in some places . " His subsequent fate 13 familiar to all . His flight from Paris to the sea-shore ; his escape in disguise to England ; bis kind reception in this country , are well known . Chremont was given him as an abode , and there , with the exception of some weeks ' sojourn at Richmond , and a season spent at St , Leonard ' s , Louis Philippe continued to reside . Here , too , he breathed his last on Monday morning , the 26 th of August .
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THE LATE THOMAS PRESTON . A few friends of this veteran reformer have formed themselves into a committee to receive funds on behalf of his widow , with the view of securing for her a small annuity , or some other assistance in her old age . The following particulars of the deceased patriot may be interesting to our readers : — " At a very early period of his life Mr . Thomas Preston espoused the cause of Parliamentary Reform , and became the friend and coadjutor of Home Tooke , Thelwall , and Hardy . So long ago as March , 1782 , he was admitted a memi . er of the
famous Corresponding Society , or " Friends of the People , " as they were called . For more than half a century he was prominently known as an active , energetic , and dauntless leader of the Radical reformers , who , especially after the peace of 1815 , were deemed so truly formidable by tho Tory governments of the Regency aud of the reign of George IV ., as to be subjected to many state prosecutions ; and even to cause , for a time , the legislative interference , in the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act , in order that they might be effectually paralysed in their endeavours to obtain that parliamentary reform which was afterwards , in 1832 ,
achieved . " In 1817 , Mr . Preston had to undergo his amount of suffering . He was immured as a state prisoner in the Tower of London , whence he was taken to tho Court of King ' s Bench , Westminster , and was there arraigned upon an indictment charging him with high treason . The trial lasted for nine days ,, during which the utmost efforts and ingenuity of the Attorney-General and other crown lawyers were exerted to obtain his conviction , but he was honourably acquitted by . the jury . In 1820 he was a second time arraigned upon another charge of high
treason ; but the Attorney- General conscious of the groundlessness of the prosecution , after the prisoner had been placed at the bar , and the indictment had been read , declined to call any witnesses ; and Mr . Preston was , of course , discharged . The expenses of these prosecutions , however , and the odium in which they involved him , utterly ruined Mr . Preston and his family , deprived him of his connections in business , and reduced him to barn subsistence , during the last thirty years of his life , at tho miserable occupation of a mere cobbler or mender of old boots and shoes .
" After the Reform Act of 1832 Mr . Preston interfered but little in political affairs . lie thenceforward sought to gather and provide the fruits of reform . In the sedate quiet and vigour of his age he gave his mind and devoted his energies to the concoction and promotion of a plan for rendering the working classes entirely self-suvP 01 ' " ^ > fov extinguishing pauperism and poor s-rates ; for paying off the national debt ; and , in other respects , for greatly advancing tho public prosperity . This plan eventually brought him under the notice of Luke James Hansard , Esq ., Mr . John Robert Taylor , and other philanthropists , and when brought
forward by Mr . Preston and Mr . Flexen , at a public meeting held in August , 1849 , originated tho public appointment of a committee of an association of all classes of the people for the general amelioration of the present condition of society . ' "Mr . Preston was interred in Bunlull Fields burying-ground , on the 10 th of June , 1850 . Ibe working-classes honoured him with a public funeral as a mark of their respect . Down to the very moment of Mr . Preston's fatal attack he had industriously worked for the maintenance of himself and his excellent wife . Ho expired after an illness of only fourteen days .
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KOS 8 UTU AKB HIS FELLOW-CAPTIVE S AT KUTAJAH . oeSSfiS ! w ° ! . \ 8 ini 8 >^" character has boon rethe AuS ? Utajab « under date Ju'y 2 C - ™ - that magi 52 uSiTT ^ ' orratherb 4 'and Jas-2 Vho £ ll at that P /« T *> is is the same ffeesinTi . ^ 6 - theamval of the Hungarian wfn-KdJ&i !! ^ ^ oIw ^ 8 8 edatSohtt « naassin-uinn rJ ? re vari 0 U 8 attempts at their asthe EeSn ' u nefario « s designs had attracted orders wfil ° - tho Ottoman government , and strict 5 given to the authorities to have him —
.. ff "( TJr God kno ^ s in what all to is to havin gOB , 1 lfcb . e « xPected thatthe refugees , after Seian ap vf dtho executioners ^ Austria should inth « h » L * H ^ 9 as 9 in 8 ? Kutajah ia so remote , onnih ° AaiaMinor ' and f « " that very ran-MX ?^ , selected bv Austria as the place duct t owES ° i the Capt u iveS ' Ordor that hel ? - Borne S , ¦» them mi ^ free from ™ y t ^ oublefSstrnT / T » - P art of England . One northS iand Aus t ™ wants neitl »* the means -Irt all is 17 W ° Uld b 6 UnS 8 ea ' UnknOffn
and k inHn n geesi ?\ T treated with consideration Se tn S ?) « Whlch they attribute in a « reat meade 4 table 9 1 , } nfluei l v . . 8 la . ' ^ i « a e 2 n ? , m e ~ / llmateis horrible ' thecold > nlhml ?» ni v er I 80 fte . n severe- Kos 8 Uth is perpeiuaiiy m nl 8 compan j on 3 in captivitv are so t 0 rnnfin ?/? ^ third of the wnoIe " ^ ber are confined to their beds . What will be their coudition wheni winter comes on . There are no means at jvu tajnn of providing against the rigours of the r ? S 0 I Ki the lace a « ords neither good food , nor tolerable accommodation , nor comforts of any kind . f s ? ' T these wretched victims of the vengeance or Austria , a question no longer of liberty but of Vi r oaPtivity be prolonged , if they be noi speedily removed from where they now are , they are lost ; for even if they escape the poison and the dagger of Jasmagt and his band , they will perish by a still more terrible death , and fall victims to the climate where they aro so cruelly kept
prisoners . ... The Porte has kept Its word . It promised to detain them a year ; there is nothing to fear on thn part Of the Austrian government—the dismissal of Haynau—the amnesties—attest it . Everything is quiet . Moreover , Kossuth and his companions have no desire to remain in Turkey ; and the effect of their being set at liberty would be to remove them still further from the frontiers of Hungary—which was the alleged motive of their detention . Ate there no means of causing all these reasons in their
favour to prevail ? If , however , it is impossible that they should be restored to liberty , at least they might be permitted to leave Kutajah , and have assigned to them some place of captivity in a better climate , and at a less distance from Europe . All if Lord Palraerston chose , he would only have to say the word ; and now it ib no longer anything but a question of humanity-if Lord Palmerston chose to savo their lives he might do it . The American papers publish the following letter from this exiled and imprisoned hero , to General UttSS ! ¦
" Kutajah ( Asia Minor ) , May 23 , 1850 . General , —It is alread y ten months that I have had the anguish of exile to endure . Nature has man ' s mind with wonderful elasticity endowed . It yields to many changes of fate , and gets accustomed even to adversity . But to one thing tho patriot ' s heart never learns to inure itself—to the pangs of exile . "You remember yon patrician of Venice , who , when banished , feigned high treason , that he might at least from the scaffold , cast over the Rialto a glance once more .
• ' This fond desire I can easily understand . I can so the more , because yon Venetian , though exiled , knew his fatherland to be happy and great ; but I , sir , carry the dolor of millions , tho pains of a downtrodden country in my wounded breast , without having even the sad consolation to think that it could not otherwise be . Oh ! had Divine Providence only from treason deigned me to preserve , I swear to Almi ghty God the threatening billows of despotism would have fallen like foam from the rock of my bravo people ' s breasts . To have this firm conviction , sir , and instead of tho well deserved victory of freedom , to find oneself in exile , tho fatherland in chains , is a profound sorrow , a nameless grief . " Neither have T tho consolation to have fnnntl
mitigations of this gnef at the hospitable hearth of a great free people , the contemplation of which , by the imposing view of freedom ' s wonderful powers , . warms the despondent heart , making it in tho destiny of mankind believe . * . * * * " It is not a coward lamentation which makes me say all this , General , but the lively sense of gratitude and thankful acknowledgments for your generous sympathy . I wanted to sketch the darkness of my destiny , that you might feel what benefit must have been to me your beam of light , by which you , from the capital cf free America , have heightened r ay night .
" It was in Broussa , General , that the notice of your imposing speech haB reached me ; in yonder Broussa , where Hannibal bewailed his country ' s mischief , and foretold the fall of its oppressors . Hannibal , exiled like myself , but still unhappier , as he was accompanied in exile by the ingratitude of his people , but I by the love of mine . * * * . * "Yes , General , your powerful speech was not only the inspiration of sympathy for unmerited misfortune , so natural to noble , feeling hearts—it was the revelation of the justice of God—it was a leaf from the book of fate , unveiled to the world . On that dayj General , you were sitting , in the name of mankind , in tribunal , passing judgment on
despotism and the despots of the world ; and , as sure as the God of Justice lives , your verdict will be accomplished . " Shall 1 yet have my share in this great work , or not ? I do not know . Once almost an efficient instrument in the hands of Providence , I nin now buriod alive . With humble heart will I accept the call to action , should 1 be deemed worthy of it , or submit to the doom of inactive sufferings , if it must be se . But , be it one or the other , I know that youv sentence will be fulfilled . I know that aged Europe , at the sun of Freedom ' s young America , will herself grow young again . I know that my people , who proved so worthy of liberty , will yet , notwithstanding their present degradation , weigh heavy in this balance of fate ; and I know thatj . as long as one Hungarian lives , your name , General , will be cennted among the most cherished
in my native land , as the distinguished man , who , a worthy interpreter of the generous sentiments of the great American people , has , upon us poor Hungarians , the consolation bestowed of a confident hope , at a moment when Europe ' s decrepit politics seemed our unmerited fate for ever to seal . "May you be p leased , ' General , to accept the most fervent thanks of an honest friend of freedom . Let mo hope that , should Mr . Ujliazy ( my oldest and best friend , and present representative in the United States , ) in the interest of the holy cause to which you have so generously your protection accorded , addresses himself to you for something which you might , in your wisdom , judge convenient and practicable , you will not withhold from us your powerful support ; and please to accept the assurance of my highest esteem and most peculiar veneration .
" L . Kossuth , Anc . Governor of Hungary . " To the honourable the Gen . Cass , Washington . " I hope you will excuse my bad English . I thought it my duty to address you in your own language . "
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Christian Clerottmkn and Cumstian Charity . — The Stamford Mercury states that when a Mrs . Wainer , of Melton Mowbray , who , ic appears , has not led a very godly life , was on her denth-bed , a few days since , she desired that some one should pray with her . The curate was sent for , but ho commenced a fierce tirade against her respecting her past life ,. and positively refused to pray with the dying sinner . We presume it was because she was a sinner that he would not pray with her ! Some pious neighbours gave her the consolation which the clergyman refused . The woman died , and the clergymen of the place again took upon , themselves to jud ge her ; for one shut the gates of the , churchyard entirely against her ; the other refused the
corpse entrance into the church , though he read tho service over her . With reference to tho above , our contemporary , the Examiner says : ' ? . We say nothing of shutting the church-doors . The rev . gentleman mi ght do with the body any unseemly thing be pleased , or might think it decent , to enact . But who is this disguised among tho ministers of Josus , who dares refuse to pray beside a dying woman because she was a . sinner ? Who is this 1 Is it the Rev . W . Coles , of Molton Mowbray ? The Pharisees , as Mr . Coles might do , objected to our Lord , that lie had too much cure for sinners . Only , the Pharisees could not move Him to anger . Whether Mr . Coles boa hi gh churchman or a low churchman , we know not . Most probably he preaches Philpotts . But wo know that lie ought not to bo a teacher in the church of Christ-he needs too greatly to be
taught . " PASbENOKits' Stores . —It appearing that a diversity of ; practice prevails in charging the duty on small quantities of cigars or manufactured tobacco , the uncoinsumcd stores of passengers arriving in this country from abroad , the authorities have given orders that any quantity under half-a-pound in weight may bo delivered duty free , but that cigars or manufactured tobacco , brought by passengers , of the wei ght of half-a-pound and upwards , is to bo charged with duty on the actual and entire quantity . Alarming Occubrbncb . —On Wednesday afternoon a portion of the new building in course of erection at the corner of New Oxford-street , Tottenham Court-road , fell with a tremendous crash . A large quantity of tho material fell on th& footpath and road way ,. and several persona wliQ happened to be passing wero § Qriously injuvod , ¦ ¦ ,
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. SCOTLAND IN 1762 , =
A Case was lately tried in the Court of Common Pleas , as to the succession to the property of one William Goodwin , who died intestate in London in 1810 , leaving property worth two or three thousand pounds a-year . It appeared that about the year 1760 , David Goodwin , the younger , married , and we » t to reside at Fort-George , in Scotland , and as evidence of the manners and condition of Scotland m those times , the following letter , written by Mrs . Goodwin , whose maiden name was Mary Morrison , to her relatives in England , nnd which were given in evidence , will not be without interest : — Fort-George , March 18 , 1762 . DEAn Cocsisa .-I hope this vsUV find you and all our friends in good health , as we are at present , thank God for it . I am sorry I have not wrote before , but expecting Mr . Goodwin to write stopt my hana , but now would stay no
i g «» In , \ t 7 . ' V 6 ry pooply with tlie 6 everit - the weather . My poor Uavey hns been very bad with the stone , and has had one taken from him by a poor woman about the size of a horse bean . We are very som for our neighbours misfortunes , especiall y Mrs . Gray iw the loss of poor Polly , which we know must be a very great one I hope the next news we hear will he of your both being married , but not to Scotchmen , for you must live upon hrouiin , and bonakes , diid porage made of bean meal , what we call pollard , mixt thick with water , with u little cale cut in it ; go without stays , or shoes and stockings , and lay upon straw beds , the beat is but chaff , and sit at the spinning-wheel ; then you would muke a good wife ; but if you live as English people live you must be very extravagant . That is the way they live so cheap here , and is called middling sort of people thiit lives well and keeps a servant ; and nil pig together in one room in dens like beasts ; and when they wash they tuck their petticoat round tlieir waist , for they wear but one , and stand upon their clothes m the tub and tramp them , nnd all their backsides as bare us ever they were born , by the sea-side ; aod if they are
going across a river , they tuck up in the same way , and uwe the men upon their back 8 , and wade through , for they are stronger than the men . When they lie in , they go abroad at the week ' s end ; they never want no doctor , and Iv wa ! L tIle reason I ( illegible ) got cold and was Dad j and here is no carriages but little cavts , with bars at Hie bottom , that will hold but one , what they bring peats for firing in , which is very scarce here , for we have no coals no nearer than Edinburgh , and we are 170 milesbeyonrt that . I Buppose you are so fashionable in London now you have got a Queen that I should notknow anybody . I should bo glad if you would send me word how they wear their gowns , and caps , and bonnets . I wrote a letter to my mother the 27 th of January ; I hope she has received it . My little Dick grows a fine boy , and almost goes alone . I hope my aunt and little lietsy keep their health . Davey and Jemmy desire their duties to their aunt and love to youreelves ; and they talk about Frankey and Botty Gipson very much , and often wish they could see them . I think 1 have emptied my budget pretty well , for it will tire you With reading it . Mr . Goodwin joins with me in duty to my mother and aunts and love to yourselves and all friends
, . irom your ever loving cousin till death , Mabx Goodwin . It appeared that two of the sons of this David Goodwin , who lived at Fort-George , came up to Shadwell . The elder of the two , George Goodwin , became a cooper , and amassed a considerable fortune in his trade . His younger brother , William , was apprenticed to him , and also set up business as a cooper , and made a considerable sum of money . George left his estate chiefly to William , and the other brothers , and their issue having become extinct , William became , as he himself said , the last of his name and race , and died intestate in 1840 . The defendant then claimed the property , as did the plaintiff . The two met to talk over their title . The plaintiffs aucestors , the alleged descendants of Joseph Goodwin , had been persons of low condition
of life having been weavers in Bethnal Green . One side at this conference said , " How can you claim the property ? your name is not Goodwin . " The other said , " Why , how can you claim it ; your father was a weaver ? " and the present action was therefore , brought to try the right . For the plaintiff , it was shown that several of the Bethnal Green Goodwin famil y were in the habit of calling on the Shadwell Goodwins , and that as " tho poor Goodwins came in at the back door , the rich ones used generally to walk out at the front ; " as the learned counsel for the plaintiff said , they were not relatives to be uoasted of . It was also proved that one of tho rich Goodwins had given £ 5 towards burvine the
husband of one Sarali Greenawny , a member of the poor Goodwin family , which the learned counsel contended was not a mere charitable act , but one dictated by the fueling of relationshi p . The Lord Chief Justice very ably and clearly summed up all the facts , and left it to the jury to find- ^ first , whether David Goodwin had a son Joseph , and , secondly , whether tho plaintiff was descended from that son Joseph . These facts the plaintiff was bound to make out as a better title than the defendant ' s , before he could turn the defendant out of possession of the property . The jury , after consulting together half-an-houv , found a verdict for the defendant .
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4 &- Elopemen ts in Ilion and Low Life . —Two elopements , in very different spheres of society , have taken place within the last few days . The particulars of the first are thus detailed by the Welshman ; ! ' . ™? rable excitement was occasioned at Sluhech Hall , near Havorfordwest , the seat of the Baron de Rutzen on the 20 th instant , owin « to the mysterious disappearance of the eldest daughter of the Baron and Baroness de llutzen . It appears that the young lady , who is not only highly accomplished , but is also possessed of rare personal charms , had been accustomed for several days previously to leave home at an early hour . in the morning , forthe ostensiole purpose of gathering mushrooms . On the morning in question she went out at the usual hour in her morning drcs * , and carrying a small basket
on her arm She did not return . The servants wel-e despatched in all directions in search of her but without success , and at length it was feared that she had been accidentally drowned in one of the fish ponds near the mansion , and men were even set to drug them ; but fortunately , however , their efforts were fruitless . Matters continued to wear a most gloomy aspept until two o ' clock in the afternoon , when tho tnj ' Mery was explained by the arrival ot a mounted messenger , with a letter to tho Baron from Richard Lort Philipps , Esq ., of East Hook , apprising him of his ( Mr . Philipp ' s marriage at &t . Bride ' s Church that morniug , to the missing tan- one , and enclosing a certificate of the completion of the nuptial ceremony . It appears that Mr . Philipps had been for some time an ardent admirer
of Miss de Rutzen , and that his attentions were received propitiously by her , but for some reasons the parents of the lad y did not favour his suit , although he was a frequent visitor at the hall . The following is tho way in which the affair was arranged and carried into effect :-Between six and seven o clock on the morning of the 20 th . he took a chaise from the Mariner ' s Hotel , Haverfordwest , directing the driver to proceed as fast as he could to Cosbro Lodge , on tho road to Karberth , about four miles from Haverfordwest . On arrival there he was desired to pull up , when Mr . Philipps alighted from the carnage , and immediately the lady , faithful to her engagement , made her appearance from behind the hedge . In an instant she was escorted to the ^ L' !??« e l » y Mr . Fhilippa , and away they proceeded
post haste to St . Bride ' s Church , a distance of sixteen miles , where the happy , pair were united by tho llcv . William Bowen Harries . They then left in the same carriage en route for Aberystwith , relays of horses awaiting them at St . Catherine ' s Bridge and at New Inn , where the luggage of the fugitives had been forwarded , and the lady ' s future maid awaited their arrival . Mr . Philipps is much esteomed in Haverfordwest , and the bella of St . Mary s Church celebrated his nuptials with many a merry poal throughout the day . At East Hook great rejoicings took place , and an ample repast was provided for tho servants and labourers on tho estate . The other case is perhaps more remarkable . A few days ago ( says the Carlisle Patriot ) Felix Lough , late of London , widower , who has a
lamuy ot three children , and now an inmate of Pennth Union workhouse , eloped to Gretna Green with Mary Jackson , witlow , who has a family of four ohildren , and also an inmate of the same workhouse . A few days previous to the elopement the parties gave notice to Mr . Slee , tho master of the workhouse , that they iiituntlcd to leave the workhouse and accordingly they did so . How they raised the wind is not known , but the fact is that they set off on foot upwards of thirty miles to Gretna , and on arriving there found that they had little or no cash to pay the officiating priest , who asked a sum twenty times more in amount than what they > Yere possessed of , and persisted that he would not marrv them for a farthing less . However , Felix Lougli , in a most melancholy strain , explained that his wife was dead ; that Mary Jackson ' s husband was also dead ; that they were both paupers belonging to Penrith Union workhouse , and becoming quite convulsedand
, letting flow a flood of tears over his wrinkled cheeks , in the most affecting manner exclaimed , "For goodness sake do marry us , for Mary Jackson was the first sweetheart that I ever had , aye , long before I was married to my first poor wife , but then she would not have mo ; now she has consented to be my wife . 0 L do marry us . " " Yes , yes , it is all true , do wed us , " said Mary Jaokson . The priest was moved with compassion ; he married them . Soon afterwards they set off on their return to Penrith on foot , and on their arrival there they were i ' oot-Bore and comploteiy dished up , and not having a place where to . lay their heads , they e ' en applied to Mr . Armstrong , the relieving officer , for an order into tho workhouse again , who , according to tho present state of tho poov law ,, was obliged to give thorn an order , and now the- new married couple , in accordanco with the same law , aye spending their honeymoon in the workhouse , apart from each other .
IlOUOWA-s ' S PlUS A SOTEMOR KEMSOT 5 TORSEVEReCoL'GIIS Kecent Colds , on Affections op rim Chest anu Lukgs _ This I ' lurfumed meiJichie is the most extraordinary vtaieito over known , for the cure of colds , asthmas , nnd all afflictions ot the chest , to which fact many sufferers have testir , It 8 11 Pecuu ? r properties we such as to give immediate relief tot be patient , and eventuall y effect a perfect cure It speedily removes the accumulated phelgm , thereby S- ?^ ° m tOi 5 rc * P 5 « -y ° rs « ns J so let the asthmatte or those suftenng from shortness of breath , diseases SltSff wsmlaV complaints , have recourse to these nealtl mm a Pemaaent restoration to
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^————¦—«—WM—r—wwmmm —m —¦ THE PEACE CONGRESS . . " = ~ _ .
The special train , which with the great body of io ? J ? eacemakers left London-bridge , on Monday the mi ) , arrived safe at Frankfort-on-the Maine , on inursday morning the 22 nd inst ., and the Congveu EK blll 'w about half-past ten , in St . Paul ' s Th » . ?' « W 3 S 8 ranted bv tho authorities . ine etimco was occupied by the German Parliament ,, n / v ! n 5 V ! Cent r attem P to restore the German Z ? i n . ? j ? naht y- A copy of the following resolutions in three languages was handed to each person as ho entered the Paulskirche :-1 The
" . Congress of the friends " of universal peace assembled at Frankfort-on-the Maine th « 22 nd , 23 r 6 , and the 24 th of August , 1850 , Snow ledges that -recourse to arms being condemned alike by religion , morality , reason , and humanity it is the duty of all men to adopt measures calcii lated to abolish w « ar ; ' and the Congress recommends all its members to labour in their respective countries , by means of a better education of youth , by the pulpit , the platform , and the press , as well as by other practical methods , to eradicate those hereditary hatreds and political and commecial prejudices which have been so generally the cause of disastrous wars .
" 2 . This Congress i 3 of opinion that one of the most effectual means of preserving peace would bo for governments to refer to arbitration all those differences between them which cannot bo otherwise amicably adjusted . " That the standing armaments with which the governments of Europe menace one another , impose intolerable burdens and inflict grievous moral and social evils upon their respective communities ; haaSE ? f annOt thel ' 6 f 01 ' t 0 ° « aVnestly cal 1 ™ ton of governments to the necessity ot entering upon a system of international disarmament , without prejudice to such measures as may be considered necessary for the maintenance of the security of the citizens and the internal tranquillity
4 . This Congress reiterates its strong disap . probation of all foreign loans negotiated for tho purpose of furnishing to one people the means of slaughtering another . " 5 . This Congress acknowledges the principle Of non-intervention , recognises it to be the sole ri"ht of every state to regulate its own affairs . ° " 6 . This Congress recommends all the friends of peace to prepare public opinion in their respective countries for the convocation of a congress of the representatives of the various states , with a view to the formation of a code of international law . " The'first proceeding of the meeting was the election of a president and vice-president , who took their places on the throne surmounted by the Dark Eagle . The former was Dr . Jaup , of Darmstadt , a venerable looking country parson sort of gentle * man .
The first two resolutions occupied the attention of tho meeting on the first day , and were of course carried unanimously . The chief spoakers were the Rev . J . Burnct , M . Emilie Girardin , If . Bonnet ( the pastor af the French Protestant church at Frankfort ) , and Mr . Cobden . The Englishmen came with the advantage of a language more familiar to them than to the rest of the audience , and they turnod their advantage to the best account . Mr . Burnet is one of these half-facetious orators who can always season a sentiment with a joke and the moral or religious " wag" is ever a favourite with pious assemblies . His argument against tbe employment of weapons was based on the tact that man is born without tusks or claws .
"Tigers " quoth the Rev . Mr . Burnet , "have claws ; therefore they were made to fight . Men , were made with none , therefore they arc bound to keep the peace . " Waistcoats and pantaloons might havo been abolished by the same course of reasoning ; but , nevertheless , tho sophism took amazingly and was applauded to the echo . After tho more jolly Caledonian , the French , pastor , who went logically through the categories of religion , morality , reason , and humanity , and brought in allusions to the Redeemer aa the preacher of peace , in a tone of GalHcan fervour strongly distinguished from English pietism , came in somewhat lugubriously . Sentiments much the same as his own were much more popularly expressed bMr
y . Richard Garnett , a tegro orator , who ascended tho tribunal with all the advantages of his sable hue . The appearance in the tribune of M . Emile Girardin was the signal for loud acclamations on tho part of the French auditors . He was tho representative of France par excellence , and his distingue appearance contrasted strangely with the primative look of many of his fellow ortaors . His speech was equally different from those of his predecessors . Biblical allusions were not in Uis way , but he came in as a propounder of philosophical abstractions , which ho pointed off with French epigrammatic neatness . The idea of unite was to be carried outunite in everything ; and every time he said tho word unite it was with remarkable gusto . Then he
goi into universal history , and , declaring that certain conquerors of the old world were named Alexander , Ctcsar , and Napoleon , added that the victors of the now world were named Watt , Wilberforce , &c . Civilisation was the great gain of modem Europe ,. and type and steam are now to do what was done heretofore by fire and sword . AH this , delivered with an uniform stylo of gesticulation peculiarly his own , told with great force ; and ho could retire with all the satisfaction of a brilliant Frenchman who had exhibited son talent . But , after all , the great card of tho performance was the speech of Mr . Cobden which came in towards the conclusion . The President after tho passing of the first resolution , which occurred about ona
o clock , allowed the parties assembled to retire for ton minutes , and many thus retiring never came back again . Hence considerabl y more empty seats were visible in the afternoon than in the m ornin ^ and two or three orators which opened the second act , and included another speech by Girardin a very long history of William Penn , digested into an address from the Pennsylvanian Peace Society , were by no means of such a nature aa to diffuse animation . But Cobden ' s speech , set all right . It was a bold , slashing address , not marked throughout by good taste , but abounding in arguments and illustrations which everybody could understand . la calling attention to the second resolution , he said , that he did not wish to interfere with the work of
tho diplomatists , but merely insisted on the adoption of an international umpire when other peaceful means should fail , protesting against war as a nuisance which every people had a right to stop in defiance of the existing governments . If no better peaceabje plan could be found the governments were bound to adopt that proposed by the Peace Congress ; and if any government refused to adopt a plan of arbitration the people should repudiate that government . This was pretty strong language , and the vehemence of tone and gesture with which it was uttered stood out in strong relief against the epigrammatic manner and ierkinjr action of M .
iMMle Girardm . An allusion to the presence at the meeting of General Haynau , as an evidence that even the warriors themselves had become averse from their profession—though this was in the worst possible taste—brought th ' o whole ovation to a showy conclusion . The second resolution was carried immediately afterwards , and the meeting was adjourned till Friday , the audience being kindly reminded of the dinner , which lias been prepared for them at the Main-lust . Victor lingo was to have been onu of the spokesmen on this occasion , but a letter stating his illness , as well as his zeal for the cause , was received as a substitute .
Friday , August 23 . The second meeting went off on the whole more briskly than the first . The Paulskirche , still not full , was better attended ; tho dry business of declaring what states were represented , and who represented them , had been got over , and some of the best men had evidently come in with the resolution of giving . ! ull play to their eloquence . The business of the assembly was caniined to the second and third resolutions on the list . The . resolution concerninc the standing anraments was the grand affair , and occupied nearly tho . whole of tho time before and after the noon interval . The other was disposed of with little or no expenditure of oratory .
Mr . Uindley , of OUlham , was one of the conspicuous speakers to-day , and his speech , while without merit , was Gather calculated to put tho whole matter in a ridiculous point of view . He commenced by speaking from the throne , instead of the tribune placod in front of it , and when , in obedience to the hint of a suggestive missionary , he descended to the latter , a titter ran throug h , the assembly . The military he attacked on the ground that he had seen maimed soldiers in the streets , and that a man with two lo » s \ v ;\ s a better member of society than
a man with only one . With anecdotes he was rather copious , and he narrated , with remarkable '' unction , how ho bad once net Diord Brougham , and how Lord Brougham had told him that the members of the Peaec Congress were " the greatest fools in the world . '" Forgiveness . of injuries is of eourso a fundamcutal maxim vnth the Congress , and the notion , of being called " Jools" seemed to tickle tho audioi \ c 8-8 omuch , that Mr . Hindloy dwelt on the word lool , and worked it backward and forward as Eiuch a M . Girai'din worked tho word " unite . "
The Gallic " -stay" of the day . was decidedly M . ( aarnier , one of tho secretaries of tho Congress ,, whose tileav enunciation aud very logical form created universal admiration . Ho laid it down as his fundamental proposition that a standing army is the cause of war , and carried on his reasoning with a precision so groat that it mig ht almost be called pedantic . His views were rather economical thaa moral or religious , and he dwelt much on tlielossof labow consequent on tho emp loyment of men as soldiers ii
. . „ .: „ .:-u _ : _ Dr Duller a tall thin Amerioan , with whitohair , mi ^ iS ^ ^^ nirss ^ rnado a < roat" hit" with a speech that seemed to £ o for its secondary object the furtherance of peace , but for its primary purpose the exaltation O
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Removal of the Marble Auch . —On Tuesday workmen were employed in erecting a scaffolding of considerable strength round tho marble arch at Buckingham Palac , o , preparatory to taking it to pfeQBB .
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Augcst 31 , 1850 . ___ THE NORTHERN STip r - Wto """¦ ' » SS 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 31, 1850, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1589/page/7/
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