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PARLIAMENTARY . fire Ministerial Crisis . — Expectation sras on tiptoe on Monday afternoon . Soon af [ er four o ' clock the House of Commons rapidly filled , and what little busine ss was done was transacted in dumb show . All other matters for the time being had shrunk
into nothingness beside the Ministerial Crisis and the promised explanations of the head of ilic temporary and conditional Cabinet . Every available seat in the body of the House was occupied . The galleries were densely crowded—the seats allotted to peers were thronged by members of the Upper Housecon 5 p icaoa 3 among whom we noticed many of the retiring ministry . Lord Johk was received iritli a rather lukewarm cheer from his
imme diate supporters , on making his appearance tw o or three minutes before five o ' clock . We are bound to add , however , that this might be in some degree cause d by the shout of laughter which Tan through the House at their having a few minutes previously bestowed , by mistake , the plaudits on Mr . MoNCliTOX Milxes , they intended as a greeting to their fallen chief . The . explanation was what-the Scotch call " dreigh . '* It told nothing new , and the facts included in it were narrated with an ostentatious baldness and dryness in the selection of phrases . Briefly it amounted to
this : —He and his colleagues had resigned £ he Queen had accepted the resignation , and seut for Lord Starlet ; that nobleman was not then prepared to form an administration ; . consequently the Qoeex bad sent again for fcim , and he had undertaken the task . By Triday night lie hoped to tell them whether he had succeeded or not ; " and he hoped therefore they would hold , their tongues , and Eimi tip the House till then . That was a l ] . Lord Stanley ' s Lieutenant ( Mr . Disjueii } was not , however , contented . He contradicted—in as strong terms as Parliamentary language aud etiquette permitted—Lord Johs ' s statement as to Lord Stanley's declining to form a Government ;
ami had an equally courteous , but decisive retort by the JMixisteh , that whenever Lord Sia > i . ev got leave to state the facts , they \ 7 ou'd be in accordance with what he had said " There the matter would have ended , had not Ilr . Koebuck , the Stormy Petrel of the lionse , interposed with his shrill voice a few varning sentences to Lord Johx . In the Hidst of political tempests the Member for Sheffield is sure to be conspicuous quiet times are the death of him as a public man . After he had duly , and in his most effective ex cathedra style , lectured the Whi g-Chief , as to ¦ jvhut was expected from him , the House forthwith adjourned , in the midst of much excitement
In the Lords a similar statement was made on behalf of the retiring Cabinet , by Lord LiSsbowxE . Lord Staxluy—while he informed the Peers that her Majesty had treated him in the most gracious , condescending , and laud manner during his interview—intimated that he reserved his statement of what took place until a inorofitting occasion ; and this drew-forth an expression from Lord Laxsp owxk , that whenever he did make the statement , it would contain nothing contradictory of that he had just made . It was clear there was a screw loose somewhere . All had not
been told . The cause why Lord Stasis ? had tot formed a Cabinet did not rest with him , apparently , but with somebody else . Who could that be but the Sovereign ? Accordingly everybody had their rumour in explanation . Some said , it was because she had refused to sanction a general election ; others because filie insisted upon a stringent anti'Papal bill . By aud bye wo shall know all about it ; Sufiice it to say , that a second trial to form a Tory Ministry has failed still more conclusively than the first The attempt of Lord Jons to construct a coalition Cabinet has also broken down . The leading Peelites are apprd-ently by no means iu love with the idea of risking their political reputation as
administrators , with the broken-winded and lame "Wlii g hacks they would be yoked to . Graham has again refused to take office with his qioadam political frieud and associate , and ¦ without Graiiam the Peelites won't move . The week has , up to this time , ( Fr iday ) , been consumed in . fruitless attempts to construct an administration , and rumour , with her thousand tongues , has each hour a new and differing version of the reason . It is scarcely likely that any official or authoritative and Batkiactory explanation will be oftered to-night . Tuefonnationof a Cabinet cannot be completed for some days , under the circumstances which have arisen . Iu the meantime we have been etirprised , that among all the continuations that have been attempted of Whigs and Peel
ites , and Tories and Peelites , another should Lava been overlooked . The Peelite party is j confessedly strong in administrative ability , i thoB-jh numerically weak . It is pledged to Fi- ; o Trade and Fiuancial Reform , to at least , & : great an extent as the Whigs were , and it is not more opposed to organic reforms . V » 'h y should not a transition Peelite Ministry Vs ibnncd to tide over the Session , failing the practicability of any other ? They would carry T . -iih them to the Treasury benches upwards pi" < mc- hundred members—not very far short of
trc- number of pure Whigs in the House ; they myht fairly ask from the Whip the same thai of support they have invariably given i- > the late occupants of office ; aud as the Free Traders dread nothing so much as interference with the recent commercial policy of the legislature , wlio could more appropriately de-Ttiope that policy than the men who inaugurated and carried it through the legislature ? The House would then present nearly a similar balance of parties , as it does now , with the exception that we should have the clever Peel
Ites iu office , instead of the stupid , blundi-r i ; : g , and incapable Whigs . Such a Ministry could only be temporary , but it would be , perhaps , the best temper&ry one we could have . There can be 110 doubt that a dissolution and gyuera ! electiou just nov . - would'be inexpeii-ui , for many reasons ; aud in view of such su event , the people would be better prepared ii * it were to take place in Autumn , after the fops are got in , aud the bustle of the Gre ? it iixhiltitifm is over . It would appear that the actual busiiipss of the session will dwindle
Gvwn to even smaller dimensions than the 3 ' ^ iy programme of the late administration . The * tiuur that has been necessarily lost by the change of Mhsistry . is precious , and can sever be recalled . It " will require more evcu v a new Government is formed , before parties can settle down in their different places . Either . Parliament will sit very long and J -ite , or it will content itself with the merest routine and most imperative administrative business , and leave all important general ques-* ] f . 'Es to another session , and most likely anok ^ r PaTiiairient . '
The discussion on the Marriage Bill , in the House ot Lords , on Tuesday night , was only T «» arkable on account of it showing the bishops hi their natural characters , as ob fctractires of anything tending to liberalise our ^ s and institutions . Because iu musty 5 aEons , passed by ignorant monks and scbemiug prints , hundred of years ago , they find c » tain Ijvvrs laid down , they modestly demand that the decrees of these ignorant isouks 6 liall continue to be binding on all Posterity . The Bishops of . , the Established Church do not agree in opinion as to whether
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these marriages are prohibited vy ' iim " "i 5 s * vt God or not—but'that does not matter J-fht ? aX 6 prohibited by canon law and the priest- ^ -and that is enough . "Great is Diana of the Ephesians " is : their cry to the . crowd ; but they whisper : to each other aside : " Sirs , by this craft we have our living ! ' ' these marriages are ? w 6 hibitf > n nv \ i , 'iz -ISH ; « r
DOMESTIC . Meetings havebeen held in several of the Metropolitan boroughs , for the purpose of condemning the defunct Budget of Sir Charles WO 0 » , and calling for" the abolition of the vvmdow duties , without any substitute . At lea . ** * this appears to have been the original objei ^ . and the resignation of the Ministry did no t materiall y alter the course of . those who too ; k part in the proceedings . The language usoJl was strong in man y cases ; but , applied as it was to a Budget and a Minister , neither of which have now an official existence , it was a waste $ popular energy . A clear and decisive " pronMciamento , " in favour of a sweeping and substantial reform in Parliament , and an entire and equitable revision of
our whole financial system , ' fis the only conditions on which any New Ministry could be tolerated , would have been more to the purpose . The only meeting that showed an ap ^ predation of the real points at issue was the Southward one . , Whiggism , in tha person of Sir W . Molesworth , met with umnistakeable condemnation , and the " hon . bart . " may makeup his mind that "the Borough" will not again return him to be one of the joints of Lord John's tail . The occasion has been by no means improved , as it ought to have been , by the country at large , which ought to have spoken out firmly and , boldly on fundamental questions , aud demanded that the new Cabinet should be constructed in accordance
with the popular feeling . The protracted and threatening Strike of the Seamen in the Northern Ports , has terminated by the virtual repeal of the Mercantile Seamen ' s "Act by the Government , and the concession of the wages asked , b y the Shipowners . The Sailors have , therefore ,, triumphed in both cases . The non-enforcement of the discretionary provisions of the Act does not , however ^ permanentl y release the Seamen
from their observance ; they may be renewed piecemeal , and in detail ; and , therefore , if any of " those provisions are really objectionable and unfair to the working mariner , they ought to be formally repealed . As long as they are contained in the Act , it will be in the power of any pettifogging lawyer and sharping ship master to impose them on Seamen . Acting on this conviction , the Sailors connected with the Port of London have held
several meetings , with the view of urging legislative repeal . Bedfordshire has failed to imitate the example of South Notts , and emancipate itself from the thraldom , of the landlords . Mr . Houghton , the tenant fanner , was beaten by Colonel Gilpin , the nominee of the landed interest . The county seats have heretofore been shared between the Bedford and the De Gbey interest ; and as the Duke has tis nominee now in Parliament , of : course he acted upon the compact , by aiding the Earl to place his echo there also . The baneful effect of these family
compacts upon the county constituents , is seen in the small number of the existing electoral body who took share in the Bedfordshire election . Of the four thousand voters only about two thousand polled , and two-thirds of these for the landlord ' s candidate . The . other half were either intimidated or iudifferent ; and the county is thus neutralised ia Parliament . Mr . Hastings Russell votes white , Colonel Gilpis black , and both at the bidding of the clique to which their respective " noble' ' patrons belong . As for the inhabitants of Bedfordshire , what have they to do with the
question ? What right have they to meddle with politics , when the Duke of Bedford and EarlDE Grey are willing to think for them , and save them the trouble of managing their own affairs ? It was to perpetuate this snug system of jobbing the country constituencies , and keeping the representation in the hands of the great territorial families , that Lord John last week opposed the enfranchisement of the £ 10 householders in counties . Seeing how he derives political power and influence from it , none can wonder at his preference . Whether the country should be satisfied with it or not is another question .
Sometime ago-we noticed important experiments on tbe preparation of flax , with the view of adopting the fibre of that plant to be spun by the existing machinery of cotton mills . It was stated , that M . Claussen had succeeded in preparing a material to which he gave the name of cotton-flax from its adaptation to the cotton machinery . Had the statement been borne out by experiments upon a large scale , it would have been one of the greatest aud most valuable discoveries of the age . The failing supplies of raw cotton from America , and the extreme danger of allowing
the swarming population of our manufacturing districts , to be mainly , if not entirely dependent on the States for a supply of the raw material of their industry , made a substitute within our own power and control of the utmost importance at the present juncture . But beside tbe direct advantage which it would have conferred upon the manufacturing districts , it would have opened up an almost , illimitable outlet for tbe profitable employment ! of capital , skill , and labour iu the agricultural
districts ; aud for the first time in our history , reconciled the apparently hostile interests of agriculture and manufactures . We xegret , therefore , to learn that extended « ud carefully conducted experiments in tbe milte of Mr . Bright , atKochdalc , have resulted in the conviction that new machinery must be constructed for working the new material . This will form a great impediment to the extended culture of flax , and the use of that material in the textile fabrics of this country .
An investigation into the causes of the pauper rebellion of Barbara is said to have resulted in the conclusion , first , that tbe paupers had uo reason to complain of the dietary ; and second , that the able-bodied labourers were thrust into tbe workhouses by the farmers and guardians , for the very purpose of creating a riot , with the view of making an impression on Parliament when Mr . Disraeli ' s motion came on . It is alleged that last year an emeute was got up by precisely the same means—that tbe soil of the Union is stiff clay , which requires a groat deal of labour—and that February .
is a mouth in which a greater proportion of iabour is required on -such soils than any other part of the year . All this may be trve , but if tbe fanner , eaten up by rent , tithes , and taxes , and suffering from prices altogether unrcmuncrativc , has not the wherewithal to employ labour after he has paid all the idlers and tax-consumers;—what then ? " Ought to do " and " Can do " arc two very different things , aud under the
circumstances we should scarcely wonder at struggling farmers trying to make political capital out of unprofitable starving labourers . As to the dietary , we are informed * by the Deity Xcws , " that in no establishment' of the kind is it more satisfactory , or the comfort oftbc poor better looked to ; " and though it admits that Mr . Howard , the master , is " a strict disciplinarian , " it denies that any " illtreatment " was proved against either him or his subordinates .
We are so accustomed to statements of this kind from politico-economical organs , that ' we always take them with a very wide latitude of interpretation . Hear the actual nature of this satisfactory and comfortable dietary ! The paupers were allowed the ample amounts of « eren ounces of bread , and twenty-four ounces of < miel at breakfast and supper , and for dinner ei « ht ounces of bread and an ounce aud a half of cheese ! But the magnificent and varied bill of faro of vlricli the JDwty
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S ^ Ti ^ rap ^™ ;; not stop Wlth these dainties . " It actually in-Cluded fivef ounces .. pf cooked meat , and twelve of vegetables , twice a week ! and yet the ungrateful wretches had the audacity , like Oliver Twist , to : "ask for more ! " While landlords and farmers play such tricks with labourers , and Free ' Traders think such beggarly allowances of skilly , and dry bread and cheese , a satisfactory and comfortable dietary for the poor , we are very much afraid that we shall have more pauper rebellions . We trust we shall have ; otherwise we shall fear that the mind and body crushing influence of our anti-social system will have succeeded in utterly extinguishing all manhood , all human instincts , in our labouring classes . aWj- £ vVS « v ;^ - x . ~ -- -. « - - - .--winm- did
. FOREIGN .,, . . . . . Alas ! poor France ! Last Monday she celebrated , with maimed and halting rites , the anniversary of her last great Devolution . Louis Ph ' illippe interdicted a . Keform Banquet in 1818 , and the people made a Republic on the 24 th of February . The rulers of the Bepublic , graciously allow , only the Republican members of the Legislative Assembly to dine together , and . abstain from all formal recognition of the event which placed them in power , ' Par is swarmed with soldiers and
police , ready to be let slip on the people on the slightest , pretence / Despotism and espionage have established themselves throughout the country under tbe name of a Republic . Liberty of : association , liberty of speech , liberty of the press , are equally unknown under the renovated : tyranny which has set its iron hoof upon the neck . of France . Beiter have Henri V ., or . Napoleon II . at once , than perpetuate such . a piece of atrocious falsehood and hypocrisy in the face of Europe as to call this a . Republic . .. .
About seven hundred foreigners on Monday night enjoyed in Monarchial England the liberty they would have been denied in Republican France . They met at Highbury Barn to commemorate the' great event in which many of them bore a distinguished part , to express their unabated devotion to the princi ples which have doomed them to exile from their native laatls , and to encourage each other still to hope audlabour for the realisation of" the Republic ,.. Democratic , and
Social . " It was a deeply interesting meeting . The designs of Austria have been checked for the present . Low as Prussia has fallen , sheis not yet p repared to surrender to her rival , a position arid power which would render it supreme upon ths continent . The conferences at Dresden will thereforej it is said , be adjourned for a short time , until the new differences wbich have arisen can be adjustsd . Events point to ' the . re-establishment of the old Diet as the most likely conclusion for the time being .
Mazzini is actively engaged in Italy , and has been joined , it is . said , by the chivalrous and gallant Garribaldi , with a body of troops-and funds , furnished it is supposed by Monte Video . The Italian loan , it is eaidj progresses prosperously , Genoa being amongst the most liberal contributors . The news from the Colonies and the United States is of ti-ifling political importance . ¦ :. ; ¦¦¦•¦¦ ' : ;
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¦ MONIES RECEIVED For thk Week Ending Thursday , Febebaut 27 ih , 1851 . . ' FOR THE HONESTY FUND . ' HECHVED BY W . RIDEB .
J . Cotterill , Samlbach .. .. 0 0 C J . Elms , Sewton Abbott .. ... 0 1 0 W . Combes , Suton . near Cliuilleigh .. 0 0 G W . Batt , Ipplepen , Devon .. .. 0 0 6 R . Humer , KadclifFeBrid ge .. .. 0 0 G A few Friends , Daventry .. - ,. 0 16 Mr . Darlow , Wilton .. .. 006 ' . •• ¦ ¦ . _^ iL _ ° II . Longrritb . ' .. .. .. 005 J . Knight , sen ... : ' .. 0 0 G J . Knightjun . .. ... .. 0 0 G . BECEIYED AT LAND OFFICE . . P . Elliott .. . : .. .. . ., 0 2 . 0
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TO TI 1 E MIXERS OF TI 1 E SOUTH . The Miners of Adwalton anil Driglington , who have been forced into a strike by tlie tyranny of their employers , have published the following : — " CAUTION TO MISERS . " "We , the Coal Miners of Adwalton and Driglington , &c , have read in the Leeds Mercury , the ^ Lceds Intelligencer , &c ., of the 22 nd ult ., an advertisement stating that 200 miners were wanted in this district , who could readily find good employment- . it wages of £ 1 aud upwards per week ; also , good employment for their female children in Mr . W . II . Bowers and Ackroyds ' Factories , and that they shortly intand to build a quantity of 'cottage houses for the accommodation of those employed . Fellow-men , we , tlie Miners of the nbovenamed places , are anxious to put the Miners and the public of this country on their guard against beins led astray by such unprincipled advertisements as the one just referred to . We appeal to the public to judge between us and the c ' oal ' masters of this district when they have read the following facts ' . —Messrs . Bowerswho appear to have taken an active part in
, calling on the Miners , from the various parts ot Great Britain , to leave their homes , and to come to a coal district where not less than 120 Miners , on an average , have been on play during the whole of tbe winter qxiarter ; that is , from ten to twelve Miners at each colliery haTe to play in turn , With the exception of Messrs . Bowers , they having within » few days only , reached tho coal , and , consequently , have not room for move than some eight or ten men , composed of three shifts ; whilst Mr . Ackroyd cannot find full employment for his own . And as to his finding cood employment for female children , the only reply we shall at present make is , that Messrs . Ackroyd and Son ' s mill has been standing for upwards of a month , and is likely to remain so for some time to come ; the consequence is that a great many of his hands are obliged to seek vrotk elsewhere . And as to the men , who may be induced to come here , earning £ 1 per week , we do , not earn more than from . I 2 s . to 15 s , per week at ' the best of times .
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i -v : r -JBn ^; - ^^~ v- ^ ^ -P ^ ii ^^^ e ^^ e-wMt betteren ^ 'J ? 4 . to 7 uage of tUe Tiw > i 0 ttw , % c , on * > n ? d in 8 uch ; an-advertisen ? onti ' when we imQ v * that the coal toasters of this district—liko rnany othors-seemto have determined among theriiselvfe ; ifh rhf ; ° ' i' ? ° Ppr th ? Miner 3 ' ofthis district wtumore lajmur and less wages hence it ' i 3 that one of our coa ^ masters haa thought proper to try JwMilJw , PP * : essi < ?? ' ^ trying' to' enforce upon the Miners of his . collior y-seventy in numberi to leave behind a portion of the lower ' part " of the coal , without any remuneration , being x loss of not leas t \^! F ' ence Per ^ Wc > th 0 Minws of the fi"Ll ( - 7 > bell « . 'flJis foul attack ' to be only wJ ™ f ; of Auctions on our labour , have SXEfV * r ' to cca 8 ° work : not *<>* »» aayance of wages ,, but ' again ;* an encroachment of ^ - — n ^—— - - " Hi . i-- - ^ "" ^ th . e . pubiiomav bo somewhat bet-
nvepence per day on our already small earning SLTi Pr ° SHme ' thai the MfceM and the public 200 MS ? , COm VS ?* ' elusion with us , that the fold mSr *^ ? th ° coalmasfce rs ; h ve a two-Sice us or ! f them J fir 3 fc ' seventyMiners to «• SEIh tako our bread , and the remainder to be SS ssSKsjr's ^ sS ^ ss'ffis K ? oft . i ° " ecessHy of sfca * s >' homes . on strike ! rCplaciD S jour toother Miners who are "Iremain , yoursj &C , on behalf of the Committee , " Geo . Brows . "
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APPLEBT . ¦ ¦'¦¦¦ m CnAR 6 E- oPlKCESDiARisM . -John M'Donald was indicted for having , on the 24 th of November kst , set fire to a stack of oats at Brough Sowerby , belonging to Thomas lielvington . It appeared that a day before the fire , the prisoner and another * went to Brough , where they slept at a lodginctaousa . The next morning was Sunday , and both left the house together , about eleven o ' clock , ( joiner towards Brough Sowerby .. The prisoner . was seen by a number of . persons on the , road leadin g , to Brough-bank , where the' prosecutor ' s stack was p aced m a field , adjoining . the road ; and he was
seen a snort distance from the stack , on the road , by one witness a short time before the staok burst into a flame . The stack had scarcel y begun burning before the . police-inspector of tho district and a constable drove . part : in ,. a gig , and while the constable was sent off to alarm the neighbourhood the inspector began to examine for traces of persons who might have set tho stack on fire . Just through the gate of the . field he . observed a footmark fresh in the . earth , and of this he measured the len « th with his whip , and set off in pursuit along the road . He soon came , up with the prisoner and took him into , custody on a charge of setting the stack on fire , and on examining the prisoner ' s shoes he found their length to correspond with the measure
he had taken . On hi 3 return . to the stack , the footprint he had seen ' was obliterated by the crowd of persons there . An admission or conversation which the prisoner had with another prisoner named Archer in the gaol , in . the presence of other prisoners was given in evidence against him , to the effect that he said he had set ' the stack on fire by igniting somo straw nnd thrusting it into tho stack . The : prisoner , howeyor , called several other prisoners in his defence , who contradicted this statement , and further said that Archer had boasted that he had done for the prisoner arid was to have a sovereign from ' the governor for giving his evidence . The governor denied , that there was any truth in this statement , so far as it affected him
—The jury Acquitted the prisoner . . Bubsisg a Vessel—Jamos Ililly , a respectable looking man , and William Jackson Archer , were charged with setting firo to a steam-vessel called tho Lord of the Isles , the property of tho Windermere Steam Yacht Company on the 31 st of July last . Itappeared from the opening of . the learned counsel for the prosecution , that a company called , the . Windermevc Steam Yacht Company had two steam-vessels plying on Lake Windermere , one called the Lord of the Isles , and the other tho Lady of the Lake , which plied , alternately between Ambleside aud Kewby-bridge ; calling at Bowness . On the evening of the 31 st of July last , both vessels wero moored for the night at the pier at Bowness . The prisoner Hill
y was nreman on board the Lord of the Isles , and the prisoner Archer was fireman on board the Lady of the . Lake . Shortly before the Lord of the Isles reached Bowness that night Hilly went to the captain , and said ho smelt fire on board the vessel . In consequence every part of the vessel was examined , but no traces of any fire whatever were discovered . This , it was suggested , had been done by him to disarm suspicion as against himself , as he knew what was going to happen . A man named Haydock war watchman on board these two vessels at night , and before . Haydock went on board the two prisoners only were left on board , each in his own vessel . On going down to the Lake ' s side about ten o ' clock that night-, Haydock met the prisoner Archer , and asked him where ho had loft Hilly , and was told he was still on board the Lord of the Isles . Haydock went on board that vessel and shouted for him below but received no answer
, and then stepped on boavd the other vessel , which was moored close to , and went below to bed . Ho had not been below many minutes before he heard a footstep across the deck , from the Lord of the Isles .- About threo o ' clock next morning Haydock waB awoke b y the noise of fire , and , on getting on to the deck , he saw flames issuing out of the cabin windows of the Lord of the Isles . Ho immediately gave the alarm , and by the exertions of tho inhabitants of the place tho fire was got out , but neither of the prisoners , though informed of the firo , got up or gave the sli g htest assistance . ¦ This ; and some conversation which they had had of a suspicious character with other persons , was all the evidence affecting them . The vessel was afterwards examined by experienced persons from Liverpool , who gave it as their opinion that sfce had been set on fire wilfully . —The prisoners were Acquitted . — This case concluded the criminal business .
CARLISLE . ¦ : ¦; Alleged Perjury . —Henry -Twcddle and Jane Storey were indicted for perjury . ' Tho case of Hj . Tweddle was proceeded with in the first place . This was an indictment for perjury , alleged to have been committed in an affiliation case , at the General Quarter Sessions held at Carlisle , on January 1 st , 1 S 50 , ia an appeal iu which Joseph Tweddle was the appellant , and Jane Davis the respondent . Tho evidence disclosed a great deal of profligacy on tho part of the principal aetors in tho scene without throwing any light on tho real truth of the ' matter . The jury ' returned a verdict of Xot Guilty . Mr . James stated that it was not his intention , after the verdict of the jury , to go into the other case . Attempted Murder . —Jane Watson 23 , the wife of
Matthew Watson , was indicted for having at Br . iithwaito , on the 25 th oi" last July , feloniously cut tho throat ot her child , Sarah Watson , with intent to murder it . There were other counts in the indictment , laying the intent to do the child some grievous bodily harm . —It appeared that the prisoner is the wife . of a labourer living at liniithwaite , a village about three miles from Keswick , and her father , John Kirkbride lived in the same house with them . On the 25 th of July Mary Fearon , a little girl , the niece of the prisoner , went to call upon her , but finding tho front door fast , she went round to the back door and entered the house , and on goingupstairs she saw the prisoner sitting ' by the fire with her child , which was about fourteen months old , on her knee . There wag blood on the floor , and two bloody razors lyinsr on tho
dressinjrtable , Mid bloody clothes were wrapped round the hecks of-both the prisoner and the child . Tho little girl , Mary Fearon , in groat alarm , ran back and informed her mother of what-she hud ' seen and an immediate alarm being given , various people ran to the prisoner ' s cottage to see what was to do A witness named . Job . son first entered , and found the prisoner still sitting as described by the little girl . He spoke to-her , and asked her what she lmd been doing . She made no answer , but told him to keep off her . " He lookup the razors , and there was a little blood on them , which he wiped ott . He then went put , :, nd Isaac Fearon , her ««?? w i - > wc , Ilt int 0 fclie room ' Sh 0 took no notice ot hun , and he sat down on the bedside and began talking kindly to her , asking her what was the matter when she burst into tears .- On scoin .
ine cnim lying on hev i ; nee with blooU , cloth = about it . he said , ' Oh , Jnno , what could make thco do this < She said her father had said or done something to her , and she could not bear it ; but she cared n othing about herself . He went out to send tor a doctor , and on hio return he found her standing over the child , which she had laid on Iho bed , crying out , with her arms above her head ; Alypoor bairn , my poor bairn . " . On the surgeon a -HL . ° fO m the chi !( 1 blooc ! ? nnd- nppa . If thvo f ° ! " , ero werc two incisetl wounds on the thio . it , about turuo inches Ions each , but not very deep , and no material blood vessels had been divided . On -sewing ud this wound . < lm m \ . \
flinched , and he then rosovtad- to every mean * he could to revive it . The child rocovcroilj and was ^ J * ^ cre were May two gashes onX p ih'L i V , ™ ' iind botl 1 her 0 V / lV threat and . the child s had been bound up by hoe with cloths . On the cross-examination of the various witnesses it was attempted to bo elicited that the prisonar lived an unhappy life in consequence of having , a drunken husband and she was shown to have exhibited a state of great despondency before this ? w , U , Was lso a"empted to bo shown that . vnJft ^ Jt : u ; y insanity in tho family , that her mother died childish and insane , and her grandmother cut hor throat—The iuw found tha
m-i-soner uuuty of doing bodil y hr . Vm to-tho child , but no grievous bodily ham , " w hich his lordslup said fTJuir ° " ly . of an Wiult .-Sho- was sentencedtobe impvisonod . teu 0 Be . yeai %
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- ' - ¦ -AKHIVEBilRZ-OP- TUE " frEw "" „ , . , BBy OLUTIOjf . ' ^ ' . .. ; :. ; -r , \ - "Wi ^ hun ^ et was-held on Monday . 4 . gran " -- ; . ¦ ¦ ¦ '" - . vcrn , to crlcbrato the evening at . Highbury Barn x .. -. ^ on of Februarv anmycrsary of the French Revolu . - . • including 7 ll lolb .. About one thousand . persons , " - > ndon sat tho noted European Democrats now in Lu . : ! ' ' was down to an excellent : supper .. : The great haw decorated with republican flags , each bearing an inscription commemorative of sorno aehievemont in political warfare . The . walls were inscribod with F P ? am ? s . of various Social and Political Reformers in different parts of the Continent , and at' one side a tribune was erected , over which- were suspended flags of various nations bearing the words , " W . &-Xl % T ? tiqi ' ' Sociale - Vnivcrsdle , " &c . -At tho tilt , f » ¦ 1 -1 Severai SOMlomen successively ascended the tribune , anil read reports from the representatives of democracy in various continental nte . Wnong 8 t these 8 ontl ««« en was M . Louis ? . '! " ° / . wh 0 w « f . 'fi «» eted with warm applause . The .-.-anniversary . nv . a , , „ ,.,. ¦ . ~ —~
, bation VCCeiV ^" l 0 ud tokens of appro-. imnnf ™ TT l of . proposed the first sentiment The spread of . Intelligence , " in an energetic address , showing that it was onlv by the general spread of intelli gence that the human ( ndteir" n nefi fi- ' They demanded a Soc ! l ! hn .. Mm C Re P ubllc - n ° t only that the body should be supported with proper necessaries , but also that . the mind should be properly educated and the disgrace of supporting so many prisons and tf'I " ™" , ? ' ' fr »» the world . M . Simokt addressed the assembl y in tho Hunga-™ on u « - and gave , the toast , "Love to all nations , and destruction to their oppressors . " M . Aikbs al 60 responded , and said their ITimmu
r an urotner . Jmd told them that he was opposed to So ThK W etlie 1 ' MnMift or on thc ^ of im WfL ^ ° A J : tliat so fcw understood him ,. bufc they-knew that it was the language of S w ' ffj ah 0 th 9 >» g ^ go of freedom , and a Ztli ti h , ! . ' : ated - IIe kliew th ° y ffou'd ^ i respond to thitt ieeling . . ¦ : Cam , Scuappes , ( who spoke in English , ] gave the sentiment , V Our brother . Democrat ! in Great Britain and Ireland . " In the name of their Continental brethren he expressed thanks for the svinpathv that had been shown to the exiles who had ' been driven to the British . shores by the tyranny of theii-own governments . Some of his brothers had been led to believe that they would not be met with sympathy lhat Englnnd was not with thorn in their struggle against Continental desnntism : This
owncould exist no longer . The great mnioritv of the people of England were with them in their hearts and if they-had-had a . vote in tho election of their government the sword of England would have been drawn long ago for heroic Poland , for brave Hungary , for Home , and for Germany . England had been misrepresented . by- a vile Press ; her citizens had been calumniated . They had full satisfaction m ^ the sympath y of the English Democrats ; thoy had also full satisfaction in thc opposition of the I ress of the aristocracy and bourgeoisie , Like tho philosopher of old , ho should think they , had committed some error if they received their praise The sympathy of England was a great sign of the times ; it told them the time would soon come when
tho people of ono nation would no longer be led to slaughter the people of another land . Liberty was spreading its light around , and if they united and stood together like brothers they would no moro be baffled . When the last , grand struggle came and tho sooner the better , ho trusted the ' people of England would be strong enough to force their government to take part with the sons of freedom , and assist in putting down despotism for ever . ( This speaker , in common with all who addressed the meeting-during the evening , was greeted with enthusiastic applause . ) _ M . Widdelt , , oi' France , gave the " Sovereignty of the People and the destruction of despotism . " They wanted tho people to be in power that thoy might insure the liberty of the press—the liberty to hve-and the liberty to elect ; they would'then be able to fulfil tho destiny for which they were
created .. ; : : ; . M . Barthelemi proposed tho toast of " Thc triumph of Socialism , tbu real reign of tho People . " He alluded , in an excellent address , to the exertions of the various Social Reformers , from Robespierre to the . heroic Barbes and Blanqui . 'When Robespierre fell equality fell with him . They must have a government in which ; the members of the Legislature could be dismissed immediately if they disobeyed the will of tho people . He concluded by reading a speoch of Robespierre ' s .: A Spanish Democrat sung a song , which was loudly cheered and encored .
Mr . O'Cosnor had been appointed as thc Englishman to respond to tlie above toast , but being compelled to leave prior to its being proposed , > ' Mr . R . Cooper , of Manchester , supplied his place . Ho congratulated them upon the numbers present , and the enthusiasm displayed . Though the vile press did not attend , and might even misrepresent their doings , yet Liberty , Fraternity , and Equality would speedily flourish , not only in continental Europe , but in England . Parties opposed to them mi ght point out the thousand engines which Kingcraft could bringto put them down ; thc
cold-hearted mi ght look on with contempt , but he felt that meetings like the present . would be productive of great good , and that they would create a spirit of amity and fraternity , which would tend greatly to the emancipation ¦ of mankind . If they looked to nature they saw sufficient food for every beast and bird ; why should man alone bean outcast and » slave ? It was their duty to assist the efforts of all nations to achieve freedom . On the part of his English friends , he thanked the Democrats of other nations for the patience , endurance , and heroism they had shown in defending their common rights . .. . . . .
A French Lady sang a national song , which was loudly encored . M . Faseau yesponded lo the toast' of " Th& Martyrs of Calumny , " and showed the manner in which their opponents had misrepresented tho best and holiest efforts of the true friends of the people , from Babuef , down to Louis Blanc and Ledro llollin . Raspail , Barbes , and " Blanqui were no traitors . Cabet wns not the man ho had been represented , but a true-hearted friend of the people . Mr . Pktiib next addressed the audience , and stated they had come to mingle their sympathy with that of their brethren from other lands , for thoso who were now languishing in dungeons or exile . He was deputed by the Fraternal Democrats to give them their hopes , their sympathy , and their lovo . :: ' .-:. ¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
Mr . G-. 'J . Harxev read an address from the Fraternal Democrats , which was loudly cheered . He considered it a pleasure and a duty to be at that meeting ; Thc revolution of February was made not alono for France but for the whole world . In past ages they had , in many different countries , glorious pioneers to the cause of liberty , but it was left to Prance to come nearest to its consummation . None of the past efforts had failed—they lmd only failed fort-he time . 3 Sot in vain had Marat , Robespierre , and Couthon spoke and written ; not in vain had they lost their lives and stood names in the
great cause . The blood of thc martyrs was tlie seed of the tree of liberty , and their deeds would yet assist in procuring that freedom of which they had laid tho foundation ! Tho Democrats of England had a foreign policy comprised in these words — " Fraternity with all peoples ; War with all tyrants . " They contended for the complete extinction of all classes , and the establishment of a race of men independent of all distinction of aristocrats , bourgeoisie , or . proletarian . It wns for jhesc reasons that thoy assisted their foreign friend * in that banquet , thereby showing their sympathy and fellow ieeling . '
A German , M . ScnEppEnx , responded to the toast of ' . ' Tictory to the Proletarians . " ^ A LAny sung tho "Marsaillaise Hymn" in French , and was accompanied in the chorus by thc whole assembly with great effect . M . Claider ( France ) responded to the toast of "The Vanquished of ISis , " and in an energetic manner invokod their sympathy for the memory of thc martyrs of Paris , Milan , Venice , Vienna , and all who had fallen in the combat for liberty . Their cause was progressing , for Cavaignac , who was in 1 S 18 the slaughterer of the friends of liberty , had now declared himself tho champion of freedom . Louis Blanc responded to the tenst in an eloquent address , which was received with breathless
attention , and , occasionally , tremendous applause . He entered ' elaborately into the Labour question , showing that every man had aright to be furnished with the means of exercising his faculties , physical or mental , and that none should bo suffered to ' want who were willing to labour . To effect this great ' object had been the const-mt effort of all tlie democratic and social organisations in France . They must not allow competition to eat up the poor . They must . protect the weak from the strong . Liberty to tlie poor must no longer be a mockery and a dream , but a reality , giving them plenty and abundance . Infanticide-, foundling hospitals , prostitution , workhouses , and gaol ' s were the sure results of the present system of society . Despotism produced crime , hunger , and disease . It did not
even bring happiness to those who wielded it . Louis XVI . would have been more happy working as a blacksmith , for which his genius fitted him , than as a King ; and he might then have ended his days in peace , instead of on the scaffold . Every man must have liberty to choose his own vocation ; no monopolies must interfere with thc free exercise of his powers . Despotism was a mysterious evil , working in darkness , enwrapp ing all in its folds . Liberty was pure and open . Louis Blanc then described a peasant driven to the manufactories , thence , employment failing , enlisting for a soldier , fichtin " for despotism , and dying at the barricades , opposiii " his father and his brethren , lie concluded bv stating that liberty and fraternity were inse parable and immortal , and there could be no truo iibertv vituouteo . aality . He sat down amid loud cheers *
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^ axss ^ tiJr address > much » pt ^ 7 & ^'^™^ ^''^ ^^ tn giv ^ ' ™ PolisI ' . » "d Italian " Alit rL 'l ? , propose ( 1 " ¦ toasl t 0 the memory of htafSi JSu « Sa # ; tbe Ws " ¦ ««*?' foastB and song , were given until an early how of tu « . mo g > vhon the meeting separated , highly delighted . ' " ' The decorati ' tow . including monumental troohiof surmounted with a Cap of " Liberty o " f twelwiS sons in Europe in , ? Juoh Democrats were confined attracted much attent . 'on . « . wiouea ,
On Monday evening the above event was com memoratcd by a banquet at the Literary I . S tion , John-street , Tottenham-odun-road . The lnll was crowded to excess , and tho sii pper excellent Sentiments similar to those given at Highbury Barn , were responded to by Messrs . Ledru Uollin Caussidiere , Reynolds , Harney , and others . The greatest enthusiasm prevailed , and high hopes woro expressed relative to tho speedy progress of the democratic cause . The meeting broke up at a lato nour .
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Of UNITED TRADES . t . s . Du . NcoMUE , Esq ., M . P ., President . Established 1 S 45 . " FIAT JUSTITIA . " billing r ' ei l ? SsiWc for tho worki "& cla « e 3 . nycomrnte of w 5 l ™ ^ , to raise , or keep up tl . e general h nfi " not £ b ' e , 2 ' , ; y be saM tlliU ll » s wou ' li b 0 » tiling not to be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced Siuabt Mill . fen ™ . ^ . ^ Mr . Edw " nrd Perry , of IVolverfhTl ^ 'T ' f ° Xhlbit himsolf in tllc lllst «*»« of ho last act of a most awful drama . This persoou-\ l m la , ° r > tflie ^ ° his I > vomis ( J > made as far back as May last , when ho bonstingly da . cd us to a confl lot , which we were most desirous of avoiding , has hoisted his colours and nailed them to thmast
, o . George Duflield , Thoma s Woodnortb , and John Gaunt , stand charged with entering into a cor . spi ill f -f- ! > E -i rolTy from carrying on his tiadeofa tin-plate worker , and of seducing and enticing his workmen from his service , and to compel him to alter tho rate of- wages paid to his workmen , fcc , &c . Wo suspect Air . Perry is somewhat disappointed that he has not got ii moro numerous array of victims . "We have reasons fov believing that it was against the Committee of this Association that this veuomed shaft was originally directed put in this , as in most of his former nrrifiendinffs .
he has been miserably disappointed , ne caused two members of this Association , Ilenrv Rowlands , the trade secretary , and Alfred Pitt , to be arrested upon this charge of conspiracy , but completely failed in bringing a tittle of evidence to support his ca 3 O ; they were acquitted , and wo shall be very much surprised if this most trumpery case ever gets further than the Grand Jury Room . We have cautiously abstained , and have constantly advised our members to abstain from any act which even legal ingenuity could torture into an infrincement of tho law , and we rejoice to know that during the protracted struggle our wily opponent has been constnntly outgcneralled . It is quite true there hag been a conspiracy , and one too of a most crud and disgraceful character . There has been and still exists a conspiracy of avaricious , purse-proud money-grubbers , to impoverish the working men , by cheating them of their hard-earned wao-os
there has been the mo 3 t foul and disreputable means employed to induce them to enter into onesided , illegal , agreements ; and if justice was fairly administered , it is not Dnffiehl , Woodnorth , and . Gaunt who would appear at tho Bar upon this charge of conspiracy , but a very different class of persons . In looking through the evidence given before tho magistrates we confess we are totally unablo to discover upon what grounds these men have been committed ; as far as wo can sec , there is not . one act of a criminal nature proved against any of them ' and we think , had the gentlemen on the bench been lawyers as well as magistrates , they would have pooh poohed Mr . Perry and his case out of courfc .
However , it behoves us now to use our best exertions to enable thc presumed conspirators to meet their persecutor before a Jury . Wo are quite aware that through them a deadl y ' blow is aimed at tho rational Association , and at the working classes generally ; ami we hope , therefore , that no time will be lost in furnishing them with tho means for their defence . It is a cause in which every man is interested . It is a direct and deadly stab at the liberties of labour . This case appears . to us to bo perfectly novel in its character . It is not even pretended that any violence , threats , or intimidation wore used to any individual , but simpl y persuasion and inducement , which we have always understood to be a perfectly constitutional means whereby to effect any object , in itself legal and just . Wo have no fears
tor the issue of the trial , provided the means are furnished to enablo the men to make a proper defence . We feel assured we shall not appeal in vain to our members ,. and to the readers of the Northern Star , to come forward promptly and generously in behalf of these victims of oppression . We trust tho character of Mr . E . Perry is sufficiently known to our readers to convince them that no means will be neglected by him to ensure a conviction ; and it would be mortif ying indeed , to allow that amiable gentleman to triumph by the indifference or apathy of those whose ri ghts and liberties he claims tho privilege of trampling upon . All contributions for this purpose should bo sent to Mr . II . Rowlands , Secretary to the Tin Plate Workers , Brickhillstreet , Wolverhampton .
We have much satisfaction in flndinjr a constantly increasing desire on thc part of the Trades to inquire into the origin and merits of tho National Association . We look forward with much confidence to a not very distant future , when the power and influence of this movement will bo felt and appreciated throughout tho country . We have this week the satisfaction of announcing the adhesion of another branch of the Coach Harness Platei-3 of Birmingham , nnd applications for rules irom tho
Welsh Flannel Weavers of IS ' ewtown , Montgomeryshire ; and also from several bodies of Engine Drivers and Firemen in the North of England . Wo feel satisfied that , as regards this last ' important interest , nothing but a general union is necessary to ensure them from any farther encroachment upon their wages or privileges . With the disastrous consequences experienced by the Eastern Counties Directors , we feel assured that xipon other lines groat caution will in future be used in their deal , ings with their workpeople .
We think railway proprietors will not permit their dividends to be made ducks and drakes of , by the mad pranks of locomotive superintendents . They will , we think , find it but ii blind economy which cheapens tlie working expenses by the saerifico of the dividend , as turns out to be the case on tho Eastern Counties for tho current half year . We heartily rejoice at the utter discomfiture , so manifest , tbousjh so clumsily attempted to be concealed , in tho Directors' report for tho past half , year . The increased rate demanded to make good deficiencies in the rolling stock , and tho total absorption of all profit , tell a tale which no language can conceal . We hope and believe that this will prove a wholesome lesson to other boards , and will
also teach tbe railway operatives how necessary it is for them to keep themselves in constant preparation , by a general union , to counteract and repel any attempt to infringu upon thuir rights , in whatever quarter those attempts may manifest themselves . _ It is not by sudden , ill-prepared strikes , that this can bo accomplished ; bin by a firm and well-organised confederation for mutual protection . Whenever the labour of England becomes nationally confederated , tho rights of tho working man will ba acknowledged and appreciated . Strikes will be impossible ; for who would be so insane as to enter into a contest , with the gigantic power of an embodiment of British labour ? V . ' e rejoice , then , to perceive the growing disposition to give this important question a more attentive and unprejudiced consider : ! tion . It will 'sl- found to recoinmeiiil itself
even upon Urn score of economy . Tho contribution to support tho practical operations of a -National Union would bo almost nominal ,, and little else in tho shape of funds would be required . Capital to alfiiost any conceivable amount could bo called into existence at any thue , without any appreciable sacrifice to any individual ; and tho knowledge of this , great fact would sortninly diminish—if not entirel y emove—any necessity for its application . Tha collateral ad vantages which would !» .-ow outof susb a confederation it " is impossible to over-estimate . The value of united operations once discovered its application would become general , : uul wen would wijjider at their p . ist folly in ncglootiuit so self-evu dent and so-beucnuiid a principle . n-n . „ . t ! W . Peel , sectary . 2 oO , ToUenhara-co-uri-voad .
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ROBERT OAYSX , AXD . THE KXIUBITIOX OF 1 S 51 . The weekly meeting of the Cesival Committee ot bocial Propoi . inda was held on Wednesday evening , at , ths office . 52 , College-place , Caradeu-town , when communications wero read from Br . idi ' orJ , Dundee , &c . Aii addresi explanatory of Uic objects of the committee was agreed upon , also a subscri ption list to bo sent to various friends aud local committees throughout the country . H . A . Ivory , Secretary .
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Mns . Fasxy Kemblt ! is giving hor readings from Shakspearo , at Hertz ' s rooms , in Paris . Shew much / applauded , but has a scanty audience ,
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jjjmosities , factious oppositions , and jealous prairies , must give place to : wise delibera t ions ; sacrifices will have to be made , and the cole and paramount object of the Conference must he , to adopt such a mode of action as ^ iil , in the least possible time , lead to the en actment of the People ! s Charter . -. _ : mn «; ities . factious ODDositioGB . and iealous
Our 52!Ceftl» Mirror,
Our 52 ! ceftl » Mirror ,
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NATIONAL CHARTER FUND . Received by Jons Arxott . —Peterborough , per E . Sholcy 8 s 2 d—A Bed in the Guards , per T . Dauials Is—Messrs . Lamond , Koss , Johnstoue , a Friend , and G . Spcirs Is each —ilessrs . Wilson , l'icard , Hodges , W . II . 15 ., and J . II . ed crach—p . T Grant Sheers , total 8 s Cd—Hastings , per B . Moss 10 s—GcovgeBnvlins , Ilnolmey-voaa is— W . and E . Jcwis 2 s—GsorgeGill Is-Collcctcd at John-strcet £ l Os 9 d —Cards at John-street 3 s—Hamilton , per A . Walker 10 s—HuJdcrstieW , perC . Slmckleton Gs—Bermondsey Locality per J . Tcrc } - £ 1 . —Total , £ 113 s 5 d . "" FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . ¦ Received by Jons Aunott . —A Bed in the Guards , per TDaniels ( id—A . Kankin , Edinburgh 3 d—Proceeds of Conccr * ' at Edinburgh , per \ Y . Pringle £ 5 . CONVENTION FUND . Rcceivd by Jons Abnott . —G . Gill Gd—M . F ., per G . GiUCa—J . Hunt , Watford , per Sir . llarncy , Is—H . Kaines , Watford , per ilr . Uaracj Is—a tew Female Democrats , per E . D . Is . Received by W . Kideb . —R . Jlamer , Hadcliffc Bridge Cd . . MONUMENT FUND . Collection at the Woodman Tavern , after Mr . Revnolds ' s Lecture . Sunday , Pcbruarv 23 rd Gs 9 d .
^Ijesmemgenre.;
^ ijesmemgenre . ;
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WINDING-BP OF THE LAND COIPASY . BECEIVED BT Vf . BIDES . t r . £ 8 . d . J . Squires , Ingatestone ( late of Chelmsford ) .. 0 0 G J . Elm ? , Newton Abbut .. .. 0 10 W . Combe , Luton , near Chudleigh .. 0 10 W . Ipplepen , Devon .. .. " 006 J . Pickles , Greenock .. .. 050 Totness , per W . Tanner .. .. 0 18 9 Alnwick , per W . Thompson .. .. 0 6 0 It . Ilamer . Radclifle Bridge .. .. 0 0 G Messrs . Partington , Hatcliffe , Smith , Mitehel , and Dawson , Hey wood .. . .. 0 2 6 J . Cantelo , Newport , Isle of Wight .. 0 0 G Prom Nottingham , per J . Sweet—S . Williamson 0 10 J . Wakefield ., .. .. 003 J . Webster .. .. ... o ' 1 0 J . Vinder .. .. .. 000 Mesas . Bates , Heal , AsWell , ana Dawson , Daventry .. ' .. .. 040 Hamiltou , Scotland , per A . Walker .. 0 3 0 A Priena , Rochdale ( a loan ) .. ' .. 1 0 0 £ i ( ii 6 n . n . .. .. .. "* ° T ?^ J . Knight , sen . .. ' .. .. 02 0 J . Knight , Jan . - .. ... .. 020 W . Uutcheus . .. .. ., 0 10 BECEIVED AT LAND OFHCE , P . Elliott ( 3 rd sub . ) .. .. 0 2 0 A . Taylor .. " .. .. o 1 0 J . Taylor .. . .. .. Old K . Ford .. .. .. 0 10 J . lord .. .. .. 0 0 G T . Ford .. .. .. 0 0 C G . Biwn ... . . .. .. 010
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dld March , lr I 85 ! - , : TSS NORTHERN STAR . ^ ^_^__ - " • - ^ afe 7 * " *^" J— " iiii ^ " * " * * MMM" » " »» iM » MiM ! M , ^ ii , jaMfaa t ¦ i - " ¦
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 1, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1615/page/5/
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