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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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rZjjff in nine montha from their imprisonment , tinder the benign superintendence of the « Guarrf / flw of the poor !" ¦^ fhen this horrible rerelation was urged on fhe attention of the Prime Minister , just before the recess , he coolly replied , that there va no reme dy for it ! If so , vre really must be pardoned for be-Beting that there are -worse " isms" in the world than Red Republicanism . . l a * in nine months from their imprisonment , BW « , « benim sunerintenfaU rf * h »
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DOMESTIC In the Metropolis , the weather nas been exceedingly unfavourable for holiday folks . Ine rain set in on Sunday afternoon , and , with little intermission , continued until "Wednesday , with a remorseless malignity that no uouot spoiled many a projected excursion and anticipat ed relaxation , and mouthful of fresh a uj , on the part of the pent-up and toil-worn urban population . But the Cocfcnies are a wonderful race in the pursuit of pleasure under anncolUes ; and Greenwich Fair had its
volanes , despite of draggled petticoats andpaletots , saturated with rain . To the numerous daBS , nowOTer , vho lire by ministering to the enjoyment of holiday makers , the bad weather must hare been a serious loss and-disappoint- ' *™ t . Apropos of sight-seeing and popular *< kws , the ungracious proposal of tharKoyal fCT ^ T " that th QraEN 8 n 0 QW open the postal Palace , in the presence only of the » 2 ' a few favoured grandees , basoeen "Dorawn , in consequence of the unanimous wademnation of the Press . Exhibitors and linll — ** csb . Xiiuiuiwrs aim
* ™ w « b of season tickets are to be admitted to IV fl e ceremony of inaugurating the ^ "f ldsFair by Royalty . Perhaps , looking : L , f " »*«« of the materials of which the HMtthae is erected , and other attendant cir"Hustances , this is all that can oe expected as tl ! nCTOa to VW *** fed » nS on the subject inough > of coarse , the assemblage will still *^ more select than numerous . " Those HaL « t 0 3 re 2 ale themselves m& State EJ . ^ Court spectacles , will have to SS ? . i rcariosity ^> y * e cheaper mode of '" "ig Uie route of the nrocMsinn fiv . m nnr . ir to
^ Palace HydePark thS r mcidents ^ few in number , P " x gu . of gome significance . The return of a ^ c , twu of the manner in which a conaide
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rable section of boroughs would TOte at a Ggneral Election under the present Franchise . ItlookBhopefulfor the Protectionist party , who are , of course , in high feather atthe result ; while the opposite party as lustily pooh , pooh , it as a matter of « not the slightest consequence . " Perhaps , however , like Mr . 100 TS , they attach more importance to it than their words would indicate . Messrs . Gibson and Bright , the Members tor the manufacturing metropolis , took advantage of the recesB , to give an account of their stewardshi p to their constituency . The ostenrable section of boroughs would vntn nt a fto neral Election . ™* 5 « . ™ . J ? & . As ^
sible object of the meeting was the promotion of Parliamentary Reform on the Hume basis , to which both Members gave their adhesion ; but the real purpose seems to have been to sound the Electors , with respect to the adverse vote which both of them gave to the Ministerial measure , relative to Papal Aggression . Mr . Bkjghx ' s speech turned almost entirely on that topic , and the result was , an almost unanimous vote of approval . The hon . Members , therefore , return to their places , fortified by the support of a public meeting . It is announced that Mr . Thomas
S . Duncombe , the representative of another large constituency , is to move an amendment adverse to the Ministerial measure ; go that assailed as it will be by the Irish Members , Peelites , Puseyites , Dissenters , and Radicals , it has small chance of passing—at all events , in its present shape . In the meantime the internal dissensions in the Established Church grow fiercer , and more embittered . In fact it is a piece of sarcasm to use the word " Established , " with reference to it ; for everything is at " sixes and sevens . " "While numbers of the clergy
desert altogether for tbe Romish Church , others , under tbe guidance of the bellicose Bishop of Exeieb , raise the standard of independence , and fall back upon Diocesan Consistorial action , in the teeth of the Primate and the rest of the Bishops . Churches from which the " superstitious mummeries" of Puseyism , were banished at the earnest entreaty of" C . J . London , ' again flaunt in all the bedizenments of that bastard Popery ; and , indeed , all over the country the state of the Church is " confusion worse con " - founded . " ' -
While dogmas , doctrines , and rubrical observances , are thus setting one section of the people by the eaTs , the trade of hangman flourishes . Caicraft is so busy , that he would require—like Sir Boyle Roche's bird —to be " in two places at once , " As he 16 not yet gifted with ubiquity , the HIGH Sherbief of Suffolk was placed in the embarrasing position of being liable to be called upon to act Jack Ketch himself , at Ipswich ; but Sir G . Grey stepped in and relieved him , by commuting the capital punishment intended to be inflicted on the criminal , into transpor ?
tation for life . TFe cannot approve of this leniency to such individuals . If strangulation be the last and highest punishment of the law , why should it not be invested with the greatest solemnity , and there be as much dignity in carrying the sentence into effect as there is in delivering it ? la the United StatfiBthey are , at all events consistent , and the Shebiff does execute the behests of the law .. The shrinking of our officials from the horrid task , is only one of the many indications that the gallows and the public conscience are opposed to . each other .
By the statements made at a numerously attended co-operative Congress at Burv , Lancashire , on Good Friday , it appears thai the movement is rapidly spreading in the northern districts . Upwards of eighty delegates were present from various parts of Lancashire , Yorkshire , and Cheshire ; and the various reports were of an encouraging description . London was also represented in the Congress , and a resolution , affinnatory of the necessity of unity of action , and the establishment of a central trading depot for all the associations , was the practical results of the meeting .
On Tuesday a Conference of seamen commenced its sittings in Manchester . The object is to carry to a successful issue the resistance to Mr . Labouchere ' s bill for badging and ticketing British sailors as if they were so many slaves . The utmost determination appears to pervade the proceedings , and a universal simultaneous strike is threatened , if the obnoxious law be not repealed . In the Potteries the Chartists have signalised the Easter holidays by returning their
candidates for the office of Guardian of the Poor by overwhelming majorities . This is a forcible , instructive , and encouraging examplo of the power of organisation , and the use to which existing franchises ought to be put by the Chartists of the United Kingdom . The good men and true of the Potteries have a right to call npon their brethren everywhere to " go and do likewise . " If their example was generally imitated , it would bring an amount of influence to bear on elections for
seats in Parliament such as can scarcely be estimated ; and it certainly is a little inconsistent , to be calling for larger franchises while those in existence are not made available to then * fullest extent .
FOREIGN . The Portuguese play of soldiers appears to have ended ludicrously . It is stated that Saldakha , not finding the support he anticipated , is in full retreat to the Spanish frontier , leaving Thomak master of the field . As it was a mere fight for office , it did not matter a straw which way the struggle ended . In France the various factions are bestiring themselves with great earnestness for the
ap proaching crisis . Legitimists , Orleanists , Moderate Republicans , and Republicans " Democratique et Sociale , "frre all organising their forces with full consciousness of the mighty interests at issue . The Pressis , in the meantime , the instrument resorted toby the conspirators against the Constitution . Bat , as the time for action , according to its enact ments , draws nearer , pens will not improba bly be exchanged for swords . The Socialist
and Republican party have , however , too great advantages on their side . In the first place , they defend the existing Constitution ; and , in the second , though their opponents may unite against them , they are so opposed to each other , that even were they to triumph , for a short time their intestine divisions and irreconcileable interests would . prevent them from overthrowing the Republic . If the contest is pushed to actual conflict , which it is confidently anticipated in well-informed quarters it will be , the revolution will spread over the whole of the continent as
rapidl y as it did in 1848 , but it will not be conducted so mercifull y on the part of the people . Ab M . Gibarton told the reactionnaireslong ago , they "have cured the people of their magnanimity . '' Austria , Prussia and the smaller German States are - ifull of explosive materials , which it but requires the electnc spark of another French democratic triumph to ignite . It is admitted , even by the correspondents of the absolutist Ttmevthat the German Governments have drawn the bonds so tight . that they are utterly intole band the
rale , galling yoko will inevitably goad the people into active warfare . In the presence of such elements of conflict and bloodshed , the talk about Frankfort Diets and Dresden Conferences is worse than pnerile . The fears and guilty consciences of the tyrants exhibit themselves in nothing more vivibly than their frenzied attempts to suppress everything like an expression of opinion . Vienna , Berlin , and Paris copy the example of Rome in the rigorousness of their censorship . At the former place , even Shakespeare ' s Hamlet had to be emasculated
as too Democratic and dangerous—at Berlin , Masaniello is too exciting , and is prohibited ; and Wt Paris , M . Gounod ' s new operaisfound to be equally ' provocative of mischief . Poof
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wretches ! one can almost feel pity for a Bet of men thus seated on such a mass of exposed and explosive materials , liable at every moment to be blown to atoms . But if they will sow the wind , they must expect to reap the whirlwind . The Fugitive Slave Bill continues to excite great commotion in the United States , and furnishes the principal topic of political interest in .. thelast . arrivals . Judge Lynch is very active in California , where crimes of the most violent description are but too rife . m ^^ v , ^ „„ , > w Hf , 0 Qe <*? almost feel pity for a Bet
COLONIAL . The laBt news from the Cape is by no means encouraging . The rising of the native inhabitants seems to be general . Our troops are cooped up in fortified stations , while the open country is in the possession of the Kaffirs , and communication is nearly cut off between one portion of the British forces and another . Wherever engagements have taken place , of course , discipline and superior weapons have given the British the advantage ; but the numbers and courage of their assailants compel them to act on the defensive . The Colonists
hang back , and look upon it entirely as an Imperial war . Pleasant prospect for John Bull , who will have to pay the piper !
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MONIES RECEIVED For xhi Week Ending Thursday , Arm . 2 iiB , 185 h . : SOB THE HONESTY FUND . SECEIYJED BX W . B 1 DEB , £ t . i . Honmoutn , perE . EHM ., ' ., 0 3 0 J . Mayman , Ramsgate .. .. 010 Mean . Edwardi , Pike , Pearce , Amos , and Pearcy . Bermondsey .. .. 0 3 0 W . Brown , Nottingham .. .. 0 0 6 ' £ 0 7 6 lHMMi
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DREADFUL SHIPWRECK . It is 'with regret we announce the dreadful shipwreck of the Jenny Lind , East India trader , a now ship of nearly 500 tons burden , with passengers for London from Singapore , on : i reef of coral rocks in the Southern Pacific Ocean , 400 miles off the Australian coast , tfhere they endured the utmost suffering and privation for a period of thirty-five days . The ship , it appearSj left Singapore on the 3 rd of August for Melbourne and London , under the command of Captain' Joseph Taylor , and a crew of sixteen seamen and apprentices . Her passengers were—Mr . and Mrs . Somerset and three children , Mrs . Harper , Mr . Noble , Mrs . Ackerman , Mr . Beal , and several others . The weather
seems to Lave been , very variable until the 21 st of September , no observation having been taken for two days previously' in consequence of the BUn being obscured . The chief mate took charge of the watch at ten minutes past four o ' clock of the morning of the 21 st , and enjoined the man on the forecastle to keep a sharp lookout , and at the same time he directed the man at the helm to keep the ship north by west . Immediately afterwards the officer of the watch saw something black-a-head , ana asked the lookout man what it was ; who answered that it was the reflection of a heavy black cloud that'was banging over head . A quick glance over the gangway seems to have shown the mate better , and he immediately had the helm put hard up , and all hands called fore and aft .
The vessel wore off to the wind but before the braces could be touched she struck aft , and immediately afterwards lay broadside on the reef , the sea making breaches over her . The masts were cut away as quickly as possible , but the vessel continned to lurch , heavily upon the reef , and it was plain that she must soon break up . An attempt was made to launch the pinnace , but this was unsuccessful , and the master got his leg hurt in the ¦ attempt . After great difficulty thejollyboat was launched ,. and two hands being placed in her she was taken to a rock a short distance inside the reef , which proved to be the Keens-reef , some 400 miles north of Moreton Bay . The safety boat was then launched . When the second boat was launched the women and children were first taken off in her
to thejollyboat , whichserved as a temporary depot . In this way all hands were got out in three trips . Some of the sailors jumped overboard from the jollyboat when , she was . getting over-loaded , the water being shoal near the rock . When all had left the wreck the people were dtoided into two boats and made for the coral bank , partly covered with sand , which lay about ' half a mile away . This place they all reached in safety . The islet on which they landed -was about 150 yards long by forty wide . In the course of the afternoon some provisions and a few gallons of water were procured from the wreck , and about half a gill of water was served but to each person . Next day some sails were p rocured also some more provisions and a small keg contain ' ing . limejuice . The master had saved son ™ of hie
cha s and nautical instruments , and got them away whe the boats left the wreck . A search was made for the mail but it could not be found , as the vessel was completely , bilged and fast breaking up . On Monday a boiler and some copper piping , together with a cistern , having been procured from the wreck at low water . Mr . Philip Beal ( a son we understand , of the Rew . W . Beal , of Exeter ' and lately surgeon of the ship Rajah ) succeeded in distilling fresh water from the sea water , and half a pint was served to each person that evening the fuel : for r the purpose being procured from the wreck . On the next day , after a consultation it was resolved to attempt the building of a bout large enough to carry all hands in safety to some port and accordingly three divisions were made of the
meu— one potUon to asust in saving necessary articles from the wreck , another to assist Mr Beal in distilling water for their sustenance , and the third . in building tho boat . An attempt had been made to discover fresh water by digging , but the diggers only came upon the coral , which afforded to them no more relief than they , could get by sucking from it the moisture that had exuded from the sand . During their stay at this solitary place some relics of former -wrecks were found . A rusty chain was discovered on tho reef , together with some boat boards and planks in other places , and some cinders , as if afire had been made on one of tbe banks . By the 25 th of September Mr . Beal had so far improved his machinery by means of articles procured . from the
wrecK , tnat he was enabled to produce twentyfive gallons of fresh water that day , and henceforth the supply to the people was more liberal . The provision , howeFer , began to get short , and the allowance was reduced to a half a pound of flour a day , which had to be Made up into a puddingiwith salt water . . The little biscuit they had was preserved for sear stock , as was also all the water they could put by . At length , ' on tho 26 th of October , the boat , upon which all thoir depended , was . launched successfully . It was found that- , she . sat well . on the , vwater , but leaked considerably , and two ' days more were occupied in repairing the defect . and getting her rigged and stowed . These operations being completed , the adventurers got under weigh in the 29 th of October , twenty-two persons being in the craft that had been built , and six in tho safety boat . They made for Moreton Bay , but the wind eventually in the course of fi « j days drove the
boats towards the entrance of the Brisbane river , and they reached tho town in safety , where they met with every kindne 38 and attention from its inhabitants ; all of them , including the woman and children , were comparatively well—a circumstance almost incredible after their having been exposed for thirty-seven days and nights on a desolate coral I bank in the Pacific . The preservation of these people is most remarkable . All appear to have exerted themselves in an extraordinary manner to remedy their condition , but there can be no doubt that to Mr . Beal is due the credit of every life that has been saved ; for if he kad not brought ecienco to bear upon their difficulties and supplied them with water when there was scarcely a . hope of it ,-n « e iw- ^ P , of fcll « t latitude and the burning sands 2 rf £ s *" ™ y ^? re ™ ncathped would have' soon ffilS rf a ° thei ? Offerings by a horrible L < death . S ^ g ^ SS ? indon > othe
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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS . M ^ SweS ATned ? i > wUy morning before ofMagEtes damS > Assistant Jud S ' and a Bench dictedSh H avff ? V l 4 ^ y-soven . son of John Th " 0 leD £ 10 1 m B ° ftom the Per " a ° d the prosecutT * h * ° . 1 HOner is a cabman on board tho iw H * ?* " * " at Southampton lVS ££ &T Indiairian ' »»» there paid From SoutlfamnI ? ? K n !» and half-sovereigns . s 3 i-Wester " ^ -. 10 Ul " neyed t 0 ^ cub / the wSloo eSL K : lJ ' ' and u P ° "aching the the prisoner «^ Sf > J ^ er e he took a cab , of which gacLn thelh h 5 dn ! eiV UP 0 D P lacin « hi * 1 »« - befn left a he $ m ? 0 V l hat a fov T palTofc had tionsto h ? , w . ?> Whereupon he gave direc-S he desfrert thn ^ bero > Havin S « Bained the Soar ? , HoSn w ? nson ? r tO v drive h ' m t 0 Tu ™ r-T « , ' W 4 . TOU , where , nn thin . av »\^\ u .-j MIDDLESEX-ap-ati ™™ '
2 $ bimX » capi ' ' % WZ f *®* * T th * door Thov ? . j them out a S 8 In and cl 08 e d " Drought nS f dr 0 TO - ' th 0 P risoner £ Sl ^ fTs *' ---ggsafflMaiKsa ' ^ cs ^ rAss ^ wjs wtofftiS ? ' " ?* lhe " stern" of the cat ) . fflMft u ° T Utor was obl'g t 0 *> fc" fov ' ard . " made J ^ i ^ P ro'eede , little wa ? the P » 8 oncr " riehted - " h £ , ° iH ' before he could be his waistcoat LT ? 1 ^ 1 ? P"M 0 » tor felt his hand on « £ -5 « f Pocket , m which were the £ 27 , composed of sovereigns and half-snvoi-Aiona wi ™
, ffiw 2 ° ft I « at > Hoxtonr : he felt in £ 'V » SW , thattea Pounds of the money IS am ? Ske" > m > They both then go ? * & 5 T ? Vnaonev demanded the payment of ? * ij u ; or . ia aJdition to the first fare of 7 s . 6 d ., " 8 had been paid a second demand for fare of 10 s This third demand the prosecutor refused to comply with , and , a disturbance ensuing , the policeman When he came up , took the number of the cab The prosecutor , stated , that after he had turned the women , out . he had counted Ma money , and had found-it to be all right , but that upon counting it ; alterthe cabman had made his " lurch" £ 10 of ' that money waa gone . Eventually the nrisonnr war
given into custody . Cross-examined by Mr . Metoulfe : He was unable to say whether the money he had lost was in sovereigns or half-Bovereigns . He , should think that the money be had received at Southampton , which was all in gold , was paid in about one-third ot half-sovereigns , but he could not awear that in this £ 10 his loss had consisted even of one sovereign and the remainder in = half-sovereigns , or of two half-sovereigns and the rest in soyereigns . —Mr . Metcalfe quoted a precedent , and said it had been held that it was necessary for the prosecutor to swear to the identical value of the com lost . —The Prosecutor , in answer to questions from the Conrt ,: said that however much ho had
gone to " leeward" in this business , still he should be sorry-to swear wrongly , and . he . had . no hesitation ia stating that he could not swear quite positively whether his loss had consisted of sovereigns or halfsovereigns alone , or whether it consisted of a oer . tain number of soverei gns and . a certain number of half-sovereigns , - or whether one , sovereign and the remainder in half-sovereigns , or whether : it conmi 4 ot a ^ S"en numberpf one coin or the other . —The learned Judge said he regretted that such a case as this should arrivo at such a termination . He must , nevertheless , be governed b y the decision of the superior court , and ho was therefore bound to tell the jury that they must acquit the prisoner .
—me jury accordingly returned a verdict of Acquittal . . Robbery . —John Ebrighfc , 53 , a vagrant , pleaded guilty of haying Btolen . a glass globe from the residence of Lord Diciorbon , in South Audley-street , and was sentenced to four , months hard labour . KOBBEny ur a Mabine-siore Keeper .. —William Jones , a marine-store dealer in Brick-lane , Spitalfield 8 , was charged , in two indictments , with stealing a quantity of horsehair , the property of William Pord , and also , thirty-two pounds of the same irticle , the property of George . Bayley . —The evidence in the case was noavly the same , though upon ? ne of the charges the prisoner was acquitted . The lorsehair , had been stolen in one case from a cart
, and , in the other , from a truck in tbe street , and was traced to his possession , when- he said he had bought it throe months before , which assertion could not be true , and he-gave the addressof the person of whom he alledged be had purchased it , but no such person could bo found . He -was convicted on one charge . —The Learned Judge said tho commission of theft was greatly encouraged by marino . store shops , and ho had no doubt that the prisoner was a regular thief and receiver of stolen property . —Sentence to one year ' s hard labour . Mistaken Identity . —Emnia Thomas , a respectably dressed young woman , was indicted for Btealmg from the person of Wilhelmina Waener . a
purse , and the sum of £ 5 os . Cd . —Mr . Addison anpeared for the ; prisoner . —Mr . Kinloph , a tradesman in Jermyn-street , stated that on the 7 th inst he was in . au otanUms going from tho Haymarkefc to the . City , and the prosecutrix was . also apassonger m the same vehicle . , In the Haymarket the prisoner and two . , other , . females entered the omnibus . The prisoner sat next to him , and tho other women took seats on the opposite side nest to tho prosecutrix . One of them had a basket , and he saw her fumbling about the proaecufcrix ' s dress . Directly afterwards , she gave a significant nod to the prisoner , who thereupon desired . a passenger who sat nearest the door to request tho conductor
to stop . which he did , and the prisoner and the two women with whom slio entered tho omnibus , got out . ^ Witness noticed in the hand of tho woman who had the basket the end of a scarlet purse , whereupon he spoke to tho prosecutrix , and ' haying ascertained that she had been robbed , he got out of the omnibus ; and , accompanied by tho prosecutrix , followed the women . The one that had the basket got awaj . When the women got out , the omnibus was at the Golden Cross , Charinc-cross , and ho followed the prisoner and one of her companions round into Trafalgar-square . They crossed over towards Spving-gavdeiiB , - when , perceiving they were followed , they ran towards a courtThey
. parted at the end of Spring-gardens-mews . He followed the prisoner , captured her , and had her taken to Scotland-yard in custody . The other got away . —The prosecutrix , a German lady , proved that , when she entered the omnibus , her purse , which was a scarlet one , and which contained a £ 5 note and 5 s . 6 d . in silver , was safe in her pocket , and that when Mr . Kinlocb . spoko to her it was gone . — Police constable Budd , 59 D , produced a purse which he found torn in tiro in Spring-gardens-mews , near tkcsppt passed by the woman who got away . —The prosecutrix identified ihe , purse as hers . — Mr . Addison , in his address to . the jury , said the prisoner was a respectable woman , the wife of
a carver aud gilder , and the mother of a family . Her answer to the charge was , that on the day in question she was proceeding from her home to the Westminster Hospital in . reference , to the case of one of her children who . was deformed , and that it was purely byacoidenttfiatshegpt into the omni . bus with the two other women ; spoken of . The roason she got out when' tbey'did Vas / that whenttie omnibus stopped to let them out she found that she was going in the wrong direction , and therefore took that opportunity to leave the vehicle . It was entirely by accident that 8 he . was . mixed up in this transaction , the woman she walked towards Springgardens with having at her ' request ' undertaken to show her the nearest way to Westminster Hospital , which she said was through . Spring-gardens , and thence through Storey ' s gate .-Mrs ! Gordon , a of
woman respectable appearance , said the prisoner was a married woman and the mother of a family f . If i -E . ° rsonof i Westionable character . One of hercnldreu was- deformed . ' She lived in the ? P 3 tw ? r ^ l ^ rnedjudge summed up the case with great minuteness ; aud remarked that it was unexplained how it was , that whilst the prisoner bred , n the Old Kont-md , she took an 5-£ iff -rh ^ rket t t 0 8 ° t 0 tilb' Westminster SilK ^ - ' ^ return a' verdict of Not ? m « Saa * & '" i ' - , J > who h ^ cried bitterly throughout the . tna of the case , on'hearing the M ^ '& e ^ ed ^" 0 K ' thank , G 0 d !' ¦ '• 2 £ appeared to bo anxiously awaiting- the results ¦ JffihSn f ° - ' ° ' wasindi ^ d for unlawfully P \ X ncl : t aTln ? f sa ! e , a number of obscene ^« iWSf and Publications :-Mr Clarkson appeared for the prosecution fwhifihwna > ir , 0 Hf , ito , i
fir IkSSS * ° : PP ^« ion of Yice ^ UrtSl th ° P l < l 8 < > ne « .--The evidence ii sup-? 2 , w ; a ^ f P ^ cutioniwas shortly this ^ Inspector K t » mes police ; who wa 8 also ^ anofficer C * adwtk wS 5 " , ' Police Sergeant f HohrweSS * "ftt kep - * prls&ner / No . SnoJ ¦ xnd ifi I thero itl the P ^ onor ' s-pre . oossession of a f oppo 8 ition on Ws-part , took P T £ mm arg ? 1 uantity of window ^ tickets , and an immense number of ii : f ,, wXi . 2
and T , L"W ^ ere now ' P ^ uced and whicl wercof a most digesting oharacter . -Mr . Pftyne what vr to off ? nTer' 8 aid he had no defen ^ fmmonlitfof £ ^ res , Peck ti } th « morality or SS ? & L » Jl T ? •«»» dttot -but .. he contenaea tnat m pomt . of law tho evidence did not uLtThAs £ m - thAt he"ha ( 1 the Prints and « » nS « i ^ ^ 1011 0 Penly and expressly for XST ^ indictment ehaiged .: toher Ma , ? sty ' ; subiect 8 .. OPthflt > hft harf
A » fm in hUL- "• chai'S ? d - simply . with having liK M \ tfWW \> withl ^ intent , to pub lish and sell them , and that ho aubmitted was not
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sufficient .-Tho learned judge , in summing up , told the jury that , m his opinion , if they were satMod that the prisoner had the terrible prints and books produced in his possossion with the intention of publishing and selling them , they would bo perfectly justified in finding him guilty ; intimating , at the same time , that if tho prisoner ' s counsel thought proper to take the point he had raised to the Court of Criminal Appeal , thore would bo no objection to . his doing so . —The jury found the prisoner Guilty . The grand jury , oncoming into court to be discharged , begged , through the foreman , to call the attention of the learned iudge to tho cases wherein ~ : ^
::-roBberies were committed by means of hocussing , and hoped that prisoners against whom such offences were clearly proved would be punished -with se fu ty > Jhe 1 ( jarned Juilg ° saii he did not know whether the grand jury alluded to cases wherein it was alleged that chloroform had been used to produce insensibility ; if so , he had to say that , in oonsequence of a oase of that kind having recently been before the court , he had made extensivo inquiry of chemical authorities , and ho iound that chloroform would not produce stupor so instanta-UfSfii a u ? ^ re P ented . Th o foreman saw tney alluded to cases in which drink was drug . & « Sj Pf , wli 0 took suoh d « nk we ? e Shlrged . rObbed - & ™< L i « 7 we then
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ; UNITED TRADES . T . B . Durcombb , Esq ., M . P ., President . Eitdblislied 1845 . " mi juanm . " w « ilt rep »? . ! riblo i the worki "g classes , by com-^ E ? 5 SSS 2 ? ^ emse ^ ' * f «» Uo , or keep up the | eneSl thing not to 1 ) 8 punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced .: ' . ¦¦ ¦ . ' fiTUABT Mttl .
It has always been the policy of the Esecutive of this movement to maintain for it a non-political character , not because they undervalue the high importance of political knowledge and political action to the masses , but because they see , in the existing defective atate of education amongst ' the working classes , an insuperable barrier to that vrnvty of action , ao indispensable to the successful working of any social , industrial , or' political movement . We are quite aware that the soundness of this policy has been questioned by some , but we feel certain that , by the vast majority of those connected with us , our views upon this point are thoroughly understood aud appreciated . < '
We trust to see this policy rigidly maintained . But , although we object to inscribe upon our banners the dogmas of any political party , ' vfe shall never hesitate to adviiie and direct the powerful organism of this Association to be applied , upon every available opportunity , to secure and maintain the independence and well-being of its members . It was in Btrict accordance with this feeling that , during our recent contest with tbe Perrys of Wolverharapton , we entered with heart and soul into a
series of municipal elections . We gave an unexpected , an unexampled , and a truly glorious illustration of tue power which the working classes posssess when confederated . We have proved , to complete demonstration , that the representation of the municipal boroughs of England is virtually in the hands ol the working classes , and we are at a loss to discover what is to prevent the successful , application of the same power to ensure the ictum to Par . liament of men pledged to uphold the rights ana interests of labour .
There has been no incident , during our connexion with this movement , upon which we look back with such unalloyed satisfaction , aud ( we hope ) with allowable , pride as we do upon the well-fought battles of St . Paul ' s and St , John ' s wards . Wolverhampton . It is to those glorious victories that we are indebted for the honourable distinction of a prosecution . It is those splendid victories which have called into existence an organised confederacy of capitalists to crush , at all hazards , a movement which has shown its power with such tremendous efficacy . . . ¦ .
We trust the remembrance of these splendid labour victories , and all the Important consequences which Bhould spring from them , will not be easily effaced from the m ' mds of the men of Wolverhampton and other towns . We think we have been the humble instruments of reading a powerful lesson to capital that v ? i \ l not soon be obliterated . : haye said that we attribute , the monster indictments as the PerryB recognition of our services upon that occasion , and we think that those services entitle . us to the sympathy and support of our fellowworking men , to enable us to boldly justify our proceedings at the forthcoming trial . In all these operations we believe we have acted legally and and
constitutionally , we are by no means disposed to beg an acquittal at the hands of any jury , but to demand a verdict which shall confirm-aud establish the great right of industrial combination . Principles of immense importance to the interests of labourare in issue , and we should be unworthy of the honourable position we hold , were we , from any merely , personal consideration , to compromise or endanger those great principles . It certainly is not our ; intention to do so . Our defence must he a justification , and not an apology * We . are prepared to re-enact the same scenesin WolverharaptoH or any : ; other town , whenever a fitting opportunity pretents itself , until it is proved before the highest legal tribunal , that we are in error ; and have acted
contrary to the statute law of Ihe land . ; . We feel scarcely assured that that immense power , possessed by the Working classes ,, of . which they appear quite cognizant , only requires a few such manifestations as the one we are alluding to , to effect a complete revolution in their trade ' s policy . We sball rejoice to be the instruments of giving to that power so useful a direction . It would be , indeed , an enviable privilege . . We are proud to acknowledge the powerful agencies that are in operation to aid us in the
forthcoming struggle . We allude particularly to the committees which have been formed in London , Manchester , . Kidderminster , Birmingham , and other towns . And we trust Sheffield will not be behind in a generous effort to maintain the independence of labour . She ' surely will not forget the zealous and successful efforts which were made to rescue her townsmen-Drury , Ballos , Hall , and Marsden , from a vindictive and unmerited punieh ' . ment , We think we have a claim upon their sympathies . ....
"We havo received the most flattering assurances of support from the Engine Drivers of the north . The Stone Masons of Great Britain have also promised to take up the subject with their accustomed spirit and generosity . .. . We earnestly solicit Via Trades of London to appoint delegates to tho defence committee , to aid us in visiting the numerous sections of working men in and around , the metropolis .. Even thoso who are unable or indisposed to render us ipecuniary assistance , ; may render the most effective aid by their personal co-operation .. . , : .. ; , 259 , Tottenham-court-road . Wm . Prat , Sec .
A meeting of delegates was held , at the Bell Inn , Old . Bailey , on-Thursday evening , April 17 th . Mr , French ( Hammerman ) in tho chair . The weekly meeting of Trade ' s delegates was held , for the purpose of raising a defence fund , and conducting the business connected with the Perry conspiracy case , at the above house , when Mr . George Greenslade was unanimouslyelected- secretary to the committee , and Mr . Gooch , the landlord of thetBell , consented to aot as treasurer , for . the . defence- fund . Deputations were appointed to wait , upon ; tho vari « oils sections of the East and West end : Shoemakers
, several bodies of Carpentersj tPianoforto Makers , Ac ., and , afterthe transaction of other , necessary business , the committee adjourned until Thursday nighj . The correspondence ; from the provinces continue of a highly satisfactory charaoter , and inspires us with . the conviction that the Perryan persecution will elicit such a powerful feeling of indignation , as , its concoctors had . : not anticipated . There is nothing like persecution . for accelerating a movement , ; and the blind policy > taken by the Wolverharaptpn employers . will certainly , recoifwith mortification and disappointment upon its authors .
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THE PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE OP TUP MANCHESTER TRADES PROTECTI ON SO OIETI TO TUE TRADES OF TUB UNITED iviNGDOM , Fellow labourers , —You who toil to live and ive to toil , ill-paid ' and ill-used workers of Old fcnsiand hear us and weigh well our words . sSS ^'" -ss ^—^ asarjtfg Struck at them has awakened us to our duty and we hope you and tho worl d will havo to say Wolwra done that duty well , and in a workmanlike manner Brethren , it is a great task wo have set ourselves to perform , but it must and shall he done
We propose to unite all the trades of our nation into one solid confederation fov their mutual benefit and protection . Tln ' a is a mighty and important work , big with glorious results to the poor toiler , and ono that will require time , patience , energy , ability , and perseverance to accomplish . All those we bring to our labour of love , together with confidence in human nature , when only rightly operated on , and we will succeed . Our first stop i 3 to claim a hearing , while we plead the cause of labour—your cause—your children ' s cause—the cause of manaud he in . whose image man was made . Brethren , last year tho rates for maintaining the poor amounted to more than seven millions of money , and orily a small fraction of tho poor were relieved
. Withm tho last few years crime has made greater progress than was ever known in any period of our nation ' s history . Capital , the . produce of your industrv , is contracting its circle , and getting into fewer hands . Machinery is bursting into existence on every aide and Bupplantmg ma » uai labour . Competition is waging a mad and headlong strife at home and abroad , and are you to 3 tand listless by on the brink of ruin and the edee of a volcano ? You , the makers of cloth , and the growers of corn—God ' s children and the world ' s benefactors , —will you never awake to a Bense of your own importance , and do yourselves that justice which your more ounnmg brethren refuse you ? You must ! You shall ! .
Theve 13 no -want in nature ' s dealings ; no niggardhness , no pinching ; her table is spread fa plenty that all may enjoy the universal banquet Yet many of you ave starving for bread , and dying for tho want of food . Many of you perish while using every exertion to supply luxuries for others , and the world drops no tear , nor cares for your fate . Alas ! for selfishness . " Man enslaves his brother , and scourges lura with a whip of scorpions ; " The poor man forgeB the chain that binds him , ' And the man of active energy kneels at the feet of his fellow mau imploring leave to toil . " Workers , if you would liavo future generations read of you as sane men , arise in the dignity of your great and sacred power , and end this straneo
' comedy of errors . " Complain no more of bad laws , while you have power to annul them . Cornplain not of the fryanny ef capital , while you , tho creators of capital , can turn it to your salvation , if you please . " The means to gain your own elovation , and to emancipate your brethren from tho slavery under , vrhvoh you have grown , are in your own hands ; for with all your poverty you have thirty millions of pounds m tho Savings Bank ; but you possess tho capital of genius and intellect , winch is of more value than paper notes or golden guineas , and which , if wisely directed , will lead you to mako yourselves masters of your own fortunes . Why should the creator of riches sit in rags and wretchedness , and groan in slavery from birth to death 1 Was tbe world not given for your enjoyment
as weu as your masters , and you who toil , aa the long and weary years roll on ,. have you not aa strong a claim to tho blessings you create as the cunning idler or the haughty aristocrat ? Let the question sink deep within you , and let your hearts answer . Why should man rule as a tyrant or bend as a slave ? Why should our earth not be made a paradiso ? Are there not materials for an eternal Eden around us ? . What delusion is it that keeps us from making proper use of oiir existence ? Brethren of the trades , why should you not make common cause , when your interests are tbe same ? low weakness and your poverty , arise from youp want of unity and community . With a well arranged union of trades , you can accomplish all you desire , and you need no longer wait for the " good time , " but wk for it , and it will be at your doors .
Your duty lies in throwing the mantlo of your protection over your brethren now under prosecution fov tho Wolverhampton case . Rally round the Trades Association as a first step m youv pilgrimage to the promised land , and ia every town in England form youv local committees , to gather the representatives of trades together , bend forth apostles of tried worth to speak to your brethren , and persuade them to unite . " this , and you will have begun to do your duty , and will deserve the thanks of jour brethren and fellow countrymen . / Yours , . On behalf of the Comittee , T . Dickesson .
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CONFERENCE OP SEAMEN . Pursuant to a public announcement , the first day ' s sitting of the Conference of British Merchant Seamen from different ports in England and Sootland , took place m the large room of . the Cotton Tree Inn , Groat Ancoats-street Manchester , on Tuesday , April 22 nd 1851 , its objects beiug to devise the best means of establishing an United and Constitutional Agitation of the Mercantile Interesta against , the obnoxious provisions of an-Act of Parliament , introduced by Mr . Labbuchere , entitled and known by the name of the Mercantile Marine Act , and also by the . diffusion of information the presentation of petitions to the Legislature , and communicating with influential members of parliament , endeavour to obtain the repeal or all laws detrimental and derogatory to tho interests of British merchant seamen .
Names op Delegates ijj attendance . '— Messrs Oliver and Christie , Hull ; Mr . William Mountain ' MiddloBbro" and , Stockton ; Mr . Robert Holman . nartlepool ; Mr . John Chalk , Sunderland ; Mr T G . White , Kprth Shields , and . Blythj . Mr . John fcmith , South Shields , and Newcastle-on-Tvne Mr . Isao Bristow , Yarmouth ; Mr . Alexander White , Dundee ; Mr . James Frazer , Aberdeen , and Montrose ; Messrs . James Tildes , and Stoddart , Liverpool seamen on strike . ..- ¦ .:, . This sitting was occupied in tho usual routine business of receiving credentials , and other preliminary rules for theguidanqelof the Conference , after which the Conference adjourned .
On Wednesday resolutions were passed condemnatory of the Mercantile Marine Aofc , and that a petition to both Houses of Parliament be presented for tho last time , praying for the total abolition of the said act , which isfound to be most injurious to the interests of . the . British maviner , and also that arnamfesto containing the seamen ' s grievances be published in % ho London and provincial papers be adopted . Resolutions were also passed for the organisation of additional associations of seamen in ail the ports of , the kingdom , so that if their prayers were not attended to , they might effect a simultaneous strike , at ' a givon time , and also for pro * tecting tho interests of the opera-tiro seamen from any injustice , frauds , or cruelties that mav be Drac
tisedonlum by tho capitalist , or the various harpies ., that may bo waiting to plunder . " Jaok " while on shove . The language used by tbe delegates proves to demonstration that thO' grievances . Of . seamon are not imaginary . Tho-many frauds comnutted ' upsn this body of .. men , under the specious pretext of protecting their interest , have-been manifold , —inasmuch » s . the , select . committee on the Merchant Seamen ' s' Fund have : repeatedly admitted that their lordships . could , not . clearly ascortain the extent of the [ evila committed '; and instead of amending and repealing thVaaid " law , they have added others of almost diabolical- ; kind , —inasmuch as th ' e Register . ' Ticket Law . compelfl every
seaman to bo ticketed off with , description . of . per »' :. ' . ' son , containing , name , when and whoro borpi colour .-.- ; of hisrhair , eyes , complexion ' , handwritingsani every other particular , similar , to " an American .. " ;' slave , before he ' cap obtain . employment ;; aiid •' -, should ho h ' appen ' tp , lose , or i mis ' lay-Baid . certificate ,,, he is convicted , and compelled to pay , ten ; shiilinga < ' and in many . cases three ' , shillings ; and " sixpence ' = costs ; The fine ' s and penalties , as impo ' sea by La- ' : bquchcre ' s - Apt , is also found ; to . be diametrioaEv "' " ' opposed to thje waits , ' wishes , and Welfare of tha ¦ British miirifter '; . and the . con ' Uriued' opposition thq numerous . strikes , and the instantaneous . ' and simultaneous rising , and protest of . ' the learnaWin all the British ports , - proves '' . uKi& ^ ? ; Itt : •¦ most obnoxious ^ d ' ^ fannidaf 'g ^ * £ ? I '' degradation instead of a ' benefit '' d '•'
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pBOTECTIO 2 s T IST REACTION . 5 he Protectionists have made a couple of demonstrations out of doors during the holidays , which rather discompose the Free Traders , and have an ominous hearing on the fatare . Hitherto the borongh elections have almost invariably gong in favourof the " cheap loaf . " That county vacancies were filled up by protectionist candidates , was of course easily accounted for ; hut this week the tide hast arned . BoBtonhas rejected aliberal candidate , avowedl y on the ground that he was not a Protectionist , and returned a metnher
in every respect less eligible , —even in the estimation of the BostonianB themselves , because he is a Protectionist . The election was not closed without a riot , the calling in ot the military , and an imprisonment of the successful candidate by the rioters for several hours ; all of which are pointed to as indications that the non-electors of Boston are in favour of the "big and cheap loaf ,- ' whatever may be the feelings of the electoral body . Into the truth or falsehood of this opinion we are not disposed to inquire . The fact and the inferences to which it points , . are enough for US . All the probabilities are ia farouc of an early dissolution and a General Election . If that
takes place under the present suffrage , it appears almost certain that the Protectionists will return a majority . "For the case of Boston is not an isolated , one . It is only one of many boroughs , which , standing in the midst of agricultural districts , depend upon these districts for trade and prosperity . The prices at which agricultural produce , are now selling must react most severely and most injuriously upon the trade and the means of livelihood in all the boroughs so situated , and produce an identity of interest and feeling between the urban and the rural population , which all the statistics and abstractions of Free Trade orators and ¦ philosophers will not he able to contend against
The Free Trade policy has not only loBt strength in Parliament under the guardianship Of the Whigs , bnt out of doors also , and now the anti-liberal and anti-progressive tactics of that party , with respect to the electoral reform , has placed the commercial policy of the late Sir Robert Peel in . the most imminent danger of speedy reversal . The other demonstration of the Protectionists to which -we refer took place at Edinburgh , where a numerous and influential meeting assembled at a banquet , under the presidency of the Eabl of Egukgxox , and the speeches were filled with the most hopeful and confident anticipations of the speedy advent of a Siasiet ministry to power .
Tho Free Trade organs vehementl y assure U 3 , however , that notwithstanding all these threateningindications , thepeople—themass ' es —are with them . Well , we shall not dispute the truth of the assertion . For argument ' s gafce we will assume its accuracy . And , what then ? Why , the " poisoned chalico is returned to the lips" of the insincere or feeble and temporizing advocates of franchise reform . If they had acted upon iheir professed
opinions , and made an honest and a large extension of the suffrage , the condition of their snpport to the Whi g Ministry , they would have not only done an act of political justice to the people , but have placed their own darling policy in a far more secure and unassailable position . If that policy is reversed , and Protection restored , it will be a species of retribution , which , thongh unexpected by them , can scarcely be grumbled at as being unjust ¦
The Franchise Reformers and Free Traders in Parliament are in a * feft stick—they will not vote for suffrage measures , for fear of damaging ministers , and thus letting in a Protectionist Government The Whigs will not propose any suffrage reform on many pretences—but really because they have no stomach for the work—and a general election will come on when there is every probability that Whiggery and Free Trade -will be onstedtogether . ' Whichever way the thing terminates it seems they must lose . Tnia is surely very bad political generalship , and shows the danger of ever abandoning the
Etraightforward path of principle , to wander in the crooked and miry bye-ways of expediency . But the Whigs may imagine that , by delaying the production of any suffrage measure this session , aud then going to the country with the double cry of Parliamentary Reform and Free Trade , they may create a popular opinion ha their favour . " Let them not lay the flattering unction to their souls . " Unless tha people know beforehand , very distinctly , the nature and extent of the measure to which Lord Johx Russell will pledge himself , they will pat no trust or confidence in him , Hig recent antecedents are not of a nature to
invite either ; and the common belief is , that if ther o is any thing to be got out of him it is far more likel y to be had by sending him to the opposition , than Retaining him on the Treasury benches . In aU probability , we shall shortl y see these grave issues fairly tried . Whatever " may be the result , it will be preferable to the miserable stagnation and the total absence of all health y action , which has so long pervaded the political world , under the dreary and barren rule of the present Ministry . Welcome the coming struggle ! God defend the right !
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WINDIN&UP OF THE UM COMPANY . BECHVED BY VT- KIDEK , . Norwich , 3 t . Eatmmas , per J . Burton .. 0 10 W-Brown , Nottingham .. .. 0 0 6 J . Fauldes . Dunfermline .. .. 0 10 _ £ 0 _ 2 _ j 6
n » * RATIONAL CHARTER FUfilD . Keceived by John AMon .-llr . Vicars , Tower Hamlets rEJ ? I ! k ^ fy £ erG - 3 s-Westminster Locality ( York Street ) , per F . Crump 4 s-Deronport , J . lloger * 5 b -Westminster and Marjlebone District , as balanci from tteir delegation to the Convention , per John Goodwin £ 1 Is —Mr . Majman , Ramsgate , per Mr . Rider Is . —Total gateS """"" " ^ Bu ) EB * - " - M ^ miin , Hama-CONVENTJON FUND . Eecewed by John Abnott . —Carlisle , per G . Graham 5 s —Worcester , per J . Harding 10 s ; FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . fe ceived b * JoHN abhmt . —Devonport , per J . Kogers REFUGEES AT LIVERPOOL . Received byJoHsABsoTT . -A . fewworKingmen at the Gatertiead Eailway , per Wm . Montgomery is .
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• Opposition to THB'EoctBsiAsriciii Titles Bin . ; , Tho Ibmmg , Advertiser announces that -Mr . Thomas Buncombe intends to tako an opportunity to move the'following resolution for the purpose of defeating ' . the ' Papal . ; Aggression Bill : — " That whilst this House regrets that greater consideration was not shown towards the Protestant feelings Of the people Of this country , in the documents relating to the recent appointment of a Roman
Catholic hierarchy , yet this House , relying upon the solemn assurances that have been ¦ given , that neither slightnor insult was thereby intended to tho Sovereign or to this nation , will abstain from further , legislative proceedings , inl « 8 . it ihall ; hereafter be found . that , those appointments are exercised Un a manner inconsistent wtfV ' th ' e iJOiyil ? rights . ' or . the religious . independence of auy , portion of 'her . Majesty ' s subjects . " ¦ .-.: ¦; V .- -. iX , „ ; ; ,, / ..- .,, ] FATAtAociDBNT .-M ^ Todd , a barrister , whilst cruinnglm a yacht , on Sunday laist , nearithe Ndre -vu thrown overboard by the boom . Buddenly ££ ¦ an d was drownsd . y ) lom *'
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 26, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1623/page/5/
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