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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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BOPE OS , HOPS EVER . prom tie Voiaaof . Freedom . ' By GMLuaj -JI&ffl ? . ) WnoeOD . hope ever , though to-day be dark , 11 jb sweet sunburst may smile oa . thee , tomorrow I "' .-. .. -.. ¦ Tho' thou art lonely , thereVta eye . . will . mark Thv loneliness , and guerdon all thy sorrow . ¦ n , o ' " tiion mavest toil * mong cold and sordid men , \ Pith none to echo hack thy thought , or lore f TlAp Theer up . poor heart ! tbou dost not heat in vain , "ffhile God is over all , and heaven above thee—Hope on , Lope ever .- ; . I tnoi'tis bard to bear the bitter taunt , Mfiih . the heart ' s honest . pride- ' at- midnight -wrestle ; , - - "" ¦ ¦ --. % ' .,. «? sTl' 7 ? " ' To feel the fc . »> ng cankerwora of want ,,- " AViiil » rich rosuwin theirstolen , lusiryne ' stle , r , 1 l « ve fdt } t ; jet irom earth ' s cold Real
jIt * 6 ul looks out on coming things , and cheerful , jhe warm sunrise floods all the laud Ideal , " - ' .. ¦ ^ nd stillit whispers to the word and tearful—• Hope on , hope ever . t : Ihe iron may enter in , and pierce th y goal , : : : B ut cannot kill the lore within thee ' bnrnin o ' ; ' " fh e tears of misery may be thy dole , ° L But cannot quench thy true " heart ' s seraph-Tcarniug - - - - - -- ¦ - for better things , nor crush $ hy ardent trust . That Error from the mind shall be uprooted , Tbat Truths shall dawn , as Plowera spring from the dust ; And love be cherisht where hate wa 3
embroited—, •; .: Hope on , hope ever . Hope on ; hope ever , after darkest night Comes full of loving life , the laughing Morning , Hope ou / Jbope ever ; spring-tide Qasht with light , Doth crown old Winter with its rich adorning . Hope oo , hope ever , yet the time shall come VPheaman to man shall be a . friend and brother , AnJ this old world shall be a happy home , I And all Earth ' s family love one another . i Hope on , hope ever .
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Royally and Republicanism in , Italy ; or , Notes and documents relating to the Lombard In-| surrection , audio the fioyal : War of 1848 . I By Joseph Mazzeji . Gilpin . Iiie writer , describee these papers , speeches , snd other- memoranda as being notes—not Estory . Properly speaking , they are what he Uls them ; for he seems to have jotted down Ms thoughts , rejections on events , corrections w mis-statements , without regard to the roles bf literary art or to the exigencies of any spe-Kea of established -writing . - Bat rough and hndeliberate as they appear at first sight , the [ reader will find that they throw a clearer and
aore convincing light on the great events of be Italian Revolution than any set of papers r volumes which have -yet- appeared in Engmd . The volume contains—and this is its Lief fault—too little of Mazzini himself . If re are not misled by report , the Triumvir ' s lersonaladventures have been most romantic , tot only-while he ruled in the capital ef the 3 hristSan world as its unquestioned master , -but when he was a common soldier in the wps of Giacomo MedicL under Garibaldi , —
ad after his departure irora Rome , in his re * teats among the alps and lakes of Switzerind . Into these matters , however , we have a right given us to pry :-4 but what belongs > European history is public property .:. The liter of course mast . be allowed to adopt his wn plans ; Better than we can , he mast know ftat it is safe to reveal and what it is prudent a keep back , so long as the great drama in rhich he . plays , one of the chief parts is still a progress .. Yet , after reading his lucid and Dgical exposure of the causes of the Lombard
surrectien—of the intrigues of Charles Alrf and his agents to defeat-the national use—and of the reasonings of the Republins , with-the attitude which they took and M daring the contest—we cannot bat regret at , on public grounds and in behalf of hisric truth , Signor Mazzini has not thought ¦ o per to embrace in bis notes the entire series ' events between Ihe expulsion of the Croats Dm Milan and the entry of the French into ome . Much of darkness and doubt yet broods ong this * chain of revolutions . Not a little ror and " misconception as to the conduct of irsonsand of parties in Northernltalyare here moved . —For the affairs of Venice and $ a-
« new illustrations are not so much required . at from Milan to Borne the insurrectional lovement is a . comparative mystery ; and of ¦ at brilliant defence of the Italian capital hich revived the old glories of republican ialy , a thousand things require to be told Kmt which at present we have only a cou-• sed notion . We want an exact and fcphic picture of that marvellous siege drawn otn ' the patriotic point of view . Some
urapses of this-we get in the letters adressed by " , the Triumvir to members of the ational Assembly in Fans , —translations of hich appear in this volume ; bat we long to £ the machinery employed-as well as the salts achieved , —to be present , as it were , \ the internal organisation and march of rents as well as . at the mere military apecta-( e . We desire to know how a beleaguered jty , in the absence of aUordinary laws and pies , was kept in a state of peace and interkl activity—factions repressed and conpiracies checked—without martial punishlents , proscription , or apparently any other I > wie 3 of terror . Nor would it be less
intertmg to know how those regiments were ilsed , equipped and disci plined in a few eeks which served to defeat and disperse the 'gular armies of Naples , and : to stand before > e veteran- soldiers of France long enough ft onl y to earn applause from the admiring vilians of Europe , bat to confound the calculaons of experienced generals and extort praise am the exasperated-troops who THm * served Kir apprenticeship in ; war against the * reoabted Abdel Kader . All this- Signor " 2 zinimigbthavetoldas . - ••" But , to return to what is now more
immeatel y under notice . —In a general preface ' guor Mazzini sketches what he conceives to Jthe true reading of bis country ' s history , — « tendency which tiiat history indicates , — id the character which it foreshadows for all ^ titutions that are to take root and flourish Wong its people . The leading conclusion at f hifb . he arrives from this survey is—that the Wianmind is essentially republican in its "ganisatiori . The result is stated and illusfated with vivacity and force . The following passage recapitulates the argument ;—i The Italian-tradition is eminentlv raanbiican . Tii
^? iand , the wtstocratio elemeht has a powerful mnenee , because it has a history ; well or ill , it tatTtT society : it has created a power , wened from royalty , by conquering guarantees » the rights of the su % ct ; it has founded in part f * wealth and the influence of England abroad . " * monarchical element has still great influence ;^ the tendencies of France , because it also ¦ puns ai » i mportant page in the national history ; i «» produced a Charlemagne ,. a Loais XL , a L » poleon ; it has contributed to found the unity of
ndTif V has Bhare * "with' the communes the risks , I "ononrs of the strngsle against feudalism ; r ^ . f rr onnded the national banner with a halo «« itary glory . What is the history of the mo"W and of tne aristocracy of Italy ? What pro-Iprti part have they played in the national . "wopment \ What rital element hare they sup-« J to lUUaa strength , or to the unification of Zlh * a ** ence ° "f ltely ? The history of our ¦ " , V *? feet commences with the dominion of p aries V ., with the downfall of nnr last . liWtiAs
s Wentified with nervitude and dismemberment ; iW " ? on a for « gn page , in the cabinets of S ? £ ° - A nstri : » . « nd of Spain . Xearly all of > ro ' » , tiei | of foreign fiwnilies , viceroys of one v , !" er ° \ great powers , onr Kings do not offer : example « f a single indiridual redeeming by : 9 " : . ^ Personal qnaliues the vice of subalternity , ) a » » i i Fosition condemned him ; not a single ^ tion i erer * rinced any grand national aspi-> On "' - ^ ronnd them in the obscurity of their * hnT ' ii ^ tJlw idIe w- « trograde courtiers , men ible < t bemselv * s " « M ' f hut who hare ne * er been isar conslitato an aristocracy . An aristocracv ^ jr ? P act independent body , renresentinsr : in
itan Mea , and from ' one extremity of the country ^ another , governed , more or less , by one and the ^« ie insp iration : oar nobles-have live d npbri the ^ mus of royal favour , and if on some rare occas tuey Uave ventured to place themselves in
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oppoauoato the monarch , , it has " ¦ not-Seen in the cause . of thfe nation ,, but of the foreigner , or of clerical absolutism . The nobility can never be regarded as an historical element : it has furnished some fortunate Condotiitri , powerful even to tyranny , io some isolated town ; it has knelt at the feet of the forei gn emperors who have passed the Alps or crossed the sea . The original stock being nearly everywhere extinct , the races have become degenerated amidst corruption and ignorance . The descendants of our noble ^ families at- Genoa , at Xaples , at Tenice , and at Rome , are , for . the ! most part , specimens . of-absolute intellectual nullity . Almost everything that has worked . " its . difficult « £ y in artin literatureor in political' activity ; ' is « £ S ^ S ^^
, , plebeian . In Italy , the initiative o ! progress has always . belonged to the people , to the democratic element . ; itis through her communes that she has * cqtiired all she - has ever had . of liberty : through her '' wdrkmen in wool , or silk ; through her merchants ' of . Genoa , Florence , Tenice , and Pjsa , that she has acquired her wealth ' ; through her artistaj plebeian and republican , from Giotto to Michael Angelo , that she has acquired her renown ; . through her navigators , —plebeian , —that ^ she , has given a world to" Humanity ; through her Pop 63—son ' s of the people , even they—that until the twelfth century she aided in tne emancipation of the weak ,
and sent forth a word of unity to humanity : all her memories of insurrection against the : foreigner , are memories of the people .:, all that has made : the greatness of our towns , dates almost always from a republicati epoch : the educational book , the only i > OOa read by the inhabitant of the Alps orthe Transteverin who can read , is an abridgment of the history of the Ancient Roman Republic . -This is the reason why the same men who -have bo long been accused of coldness , and who had in fact witnessed with indifference'the aristocratic and royal revolutions of 1820 and 1821 , arose with enthusiasm and with a true power of 8 elf sacrifice at the' cry of St . Mark and the Republic , Go $ and the People : . r .
After this passage , it is almost unnecessary to say that Signor Mazzini has no faith in the present race of Italian princes and aristocrats . In England , and even in Italy , it has'been constantly asserted , ' that he ruined the cause of bis country by withholding his support from Charles Albert during the war on the plea that the King of Sardinia' was fighting , not for the independence of Ldmbardy , but to add a new crown to that already worn by the House of- Savoy . This charge is here met , and contradicted by facts which seriously implicate the honour of the deceased sovereign . The writer undertakes to show from State
papers , and chiefly from the correspondence of English Ministers , 'that Charles Albert took the field for the purpose of combating the republic , and saving crowned heads from the retributive justice which threatened them in all parts of Europe . Signor Mazzini has had good opportunities of knowing the unfortur nate prince in question ; and thus judges his character :-- > . ?¦ I speak not of the Mng ; whatever his adulators , and the political hypocrites who are now making the posthumous enthnsiaam for Cbarlea Albert , au arm of opposition against bis successor , may attempt to say , however aincere the people of the kingdom of Piedmont may be in their illusion , that
the idea of the war of independence is symbolised in that name ; the judgment of posterity will wei gh heavily upon the man of 1821 , of 1833—of the capitulation of Milan . The nature , the temperament of the individual was such , as to exclude all hope of any enterprise on . Ma part , for , the Unity of Italy . Geniu 3 , love , and faith , were wanting in . Charles Albert . ; Of the first , which reveals itself by a life entirely , logically , and resolutely devoted to a great ides , the career of Charles Albert does not offer the least trace ; the second was etifled in him by the continual mistrust of mea and things ; which was awakened by the remembrance of an unhappy pa 8 t ; the last was denied him b y Mb uncertain character , wavering always between good and evil , between . to
do and not to do , between daring and not daring . In his youth , a thought , not of virtue but of Italian ambition—the ambition however which may be profitable to nations—had passed through his soul like lightning ; ' but he recoiled in affright , and the remembrance of this oue brilliant , moment of hi 3 youth presented itself hourly to hiinj and tortured him like the incessant throbbing of an old wound , instead of acting upon him as an excitement to a new life .. Between the risk of losing , if he failed , the orown of his little kingdom , and the fear , of the liberty which the people , after having . fought for him , would claim for themselves , he went hesitating on , with thia spectre before his eyei , stumbling at
every etep , without energy to confront these dangers , without the will or power to comprehend that to become King of Italy ,. he must first of all forget that he was King of Piedmont . Despotic from rooted instinct , liberal from self-love , and from a presentiment of the future , he submitted alternately to the . government of Jesuits , and to that of men of progress . A . fatal ¦ disunion between thought and action , between conception and the faoulty of execution , showed itself in every act MoBt of those who endeavoured to place him at the head of the enterprise , were forced to agree to this view of his character . Some of those intimate with him went so far as to whisper that he was threatened with lunacy . He was the Hamlet of Monarchy .
No man , however , lost more by the revolution than Charles Albert . Whatever his weaknesses and his faults , he atoned for them bitterly , by a forced abdication—exile— -a broken heart— -and a premature death . He sooght an extension of his own little kingdom —and for that was willing to fight to the best of his poor ability . He failed ignominiously . With the grave , personal resentments should cease ; and there is nothing to be moire approved of in these memoranda of strife and factious persecution , than the calm and passionless tone in which the dead are personally
dealt -with by the writer . Bat against the ideaa which inspired the policy of the dead , Mazzini holds himself at liberty to inveigh . If the past is to be the . gaide of the future , its lessons mast be clearly indicated ; and , ' Hungary perhaps excepted , there is no nation that needs to ponder over its own annals with more candour and frequency than Italy . The main fact which , in Signor Mazzmi ' s opinion , the late revolutions have developed is—that the Republicans onl y can free the land from the dominion of the Croat , and make Italy-a nation . -. < .-.
Mazzini endeavonra to show that at Milan the Republicans were always out of favour and their opinions slighted . His own counsels were rejected . The sword of Garibaldi was refused by the King ' s partisans , lest its owner ' s valour and success might tend to inflame the democratic Bentiments of the army . In ( he hourof his greatest distress Charles Albert would not trust the people of Lombardy with arms . For example : — - The news of the fall of . Udine had struck all minds with terror . At midnight I was summoned t « the government , where I found several influential Republicans assembled . It was necessary , said the members of the government , to raise the country ,
to prepare it fora tremendous effort , to call upon it to save itself by its own force—and they asked us to indicate i he means . I wrote on a scrap bf paper several things , which I believed would contribute to the end to be attained ; but declared that they would be , inefficacious if the government charged iuelf with their execution . God alone , " continued I , "can bring forth life from death . Your government is deservedly discredited . Until now , you have done everything to weaken enthusiasm , and to create , by falsehood , a fatal security ; and you cannot suddenly start up and preach the people ' s war and crusade , without causing-the cry of treason to be uttered by the masses . Sew measures , new men . I ask for no dismissals , which iust
now wouM look like flight ; but choose three men , monarchists or republicans , it matters hot , but men who faioui and will , and who , if not beloved , at any rate are not despised by the people ; and under the pretext of the enormity of your labours , or under any pretext you will , let them l > e eWed with all care and authority in the affairs of the war . From them let all the measures I have now proposed to you emanate ; to-morrow , we will rally ronnd them , and be-their guarantees towards the people . " One of the means proposed was levies en masse of the five classes ; whilst the government thought it was doing too much by calling out the three first ouly , and putting off the convocation of the whole until the month of August , because then the peasants would have had time to gatlicr their
harvest . - They a dded this blasphemy , that the peasants were Austrian at heart ; whilst the poor peasants of the two first classes were revolting against the surgeons who rejected some of them as not fit for service ! -I insisted that at least another appeal should be made to the volunteers , and offered myself ns a guarantee , feeling sure that the example would be followed in all ttie ' towns , by engaging to form a legion of a thousand volunteers at Milan , provided I was allowed to placard the appeal , and to inscribe my name as the first . I retired , apjtfauded , and with a promise of assent . Two dajs after the consent for the enrolment-of'the volunteers was recalled , . ind as for the Council of War , it was transformed into a Committee of Defence far Tenaia , and thee into a Committee of Aid for Vene-
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w , composed of members of the government , and thenitduapp .. arod ,. Castagneto , Charles Albert ' s wcretary _ and factotum , had said , ' that the King did not choose to have / aa army of enemies ii . his rear Did . space permit , Icould cite many other similar examples . . It was so throughout . The King was fighting for himself , not for Italy ; and he would receive no aid that did not come in the shape of persoual service . When he gave up Milan to the Auatriaus , Mazzini quitted that city , — and for some time it was not known to friend or enemy what had befallen him . For an ac- count of his re-appearance we are indebted to a letter of Giacomo Medici ; subsequently one of the heroes of . Rome . Part of it runs a ' a follows : — . :. ' ; -. 1 : < : ' ¦ ^ comppaed ' ofinembers of the government , and
• . On the morning of the 3 rd of August , 1548 , Garibaldi , with his division , was iust about to quit Bergamo , in . order , by forced marches , to reach Monza , whenwe saw appear amongst us , carbine on shoulder , Mazziiii , asking to join our ranks as a simple soldier of the legion I commanded ; which was to form the vanguard of the division bf Garibaldi . A general accl amation saluted the great Italian , aud . the legion unanimously ^ confided its banner ^ which bore , tbe device , " Qod and the -eople , to bis charge . As soon as Mazzini ' s arrival was known at Bergamo , the population ' ran to see him .. They pressed around him , they begged him to speak .- All those who heard him must remember Ins discourse . ; He recommended raising barricades to defend the town in case of attack , - whilst we should march upon Milan ; . and he conjured them , whatever mieh ' t arriveto Wo Italv
, always , and never to despair of her redemption . His words _ werereceired . with enthusiasm / and the column left amid marks of the deepest sympathy . The march was verj fati guing-rainfell in torrents , and we were drenched to the skin . Although accustomed to a liKof stud y . ana little adapted to the violent exercise of forced inarches , his constancy and serenity never forsook him for ah instant , and notwithstanding our , counsels ; for we feared fo > bi > - ? h « S fu' he wonld never : st <> P . nor leave the column . It happened even , that 8 eeia » oneof our youngest volunteers clothed merely in . linen , ! £ „ - A ° , " sequeiltl y aad n » Protection frorathe ram jind the 8 udden cold ; he forced him'U' accept Uom ^ H own cloak - Arrived at Monza , we S ? kI 2 ? ! w DewS of the capitulation of Milan , Xw ^' numerous body of Austrian cayairy nad h en sent against usi and was alreadv at
rerv inferfnr f f the S ate 8 ° Monza . Garibaldi , ^ n I Ior'lnfurce 8 . not wishing to exnose his r * l ' > llkk u P ° OamoMuid placed a ? iftar . " ;^ sr tjs-fcij & " ? / 'ffl » 'tj , tb = ri ™^ iSf-Spf dity , and decision which-Mazzini possesses in such honoi . the bravest : among . us . His presence , his word 8 ,, tbo examp le of his couraee animated our young soldiers , who were besides proud of par SlJ f ttCh ' " daDge r 8 with Wm ; and all decided , Mazzini amongst the first , in case bf an engagement , to perish to the last man for the defend of a faith of which he had been the apostle , and for which ha was ready to become the hi , rtvr This
resoiuwaetcrrnina tion contributed much to maintain the order and the firm attitude which saved the rest ot the division . ' . . . - ¦ Six months later , Mazzini , as virtual dictator of the Roman world , planted that flag on the summit of the Capitol , _ Of the series of striking events in Rome we have , here but few accounts , —and none at all of the heroic defence of Bologna and Ancona . —Among the charges that obtained the largest credence in Europe at the time , was the
assertipn , thatthose who expelled the Pope and founded the Eepublic were aliens and refugees , conspirators by habit , and anarchists from self-interest—in short , that the Roman Revolution was the work of foreigners . To' this charge Mazzini indignantly replies in his wellknown letter to the French ministers . Warm ) eloquent , and rhetorical , like nearly all Signor Mazzim ' s compositions , —this letter throughout breathes a spirit of Bcornful and righteous contempt , unusual with him , but the use of which , under such provocationhistory will
, sanction . ... ... .... ... _ ... * , ,. . To the historian Signor Mazzini ' B notes and memoranda will be of great value : —the general reader will find them full of present interest .
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his appointment or SSk K ° , ^ V ?^ " * office . '' ' ' ¦ ¦ - ' i ' ^ iffHWM > i : M depow ^ from his still , by ISS ^ tf ^^ W il ^ i ancient times . Ke&haft im P c , 5 atltuted . ' («*» -iioi not even for "E 1 ^ f lfor nVl ^ txt liberties ' anddignkikSZ ^ ' ecclesiastical ijs . rent tofrr . of ^ •; i-J ; 77 T ^ rrr-
SK ^ SffiS'S ^ . . fr . tto . ^ : ^ im kii ^^ f ^ fl ^ oSlf ^ ^ m ^^^^ B sg »^ your memory venerabletU ' op ; WhSJ ^ ceilSS .,.. M ......... yOU Offend against our lord fchft ^ inn , tr .
wnom you nave certainly made an oath of ^ ftuel fc y Your prudence ^ wt the ' refore be careful " " 86 the as-SfeiS ^ ComM \ mg i ^« ; offended , ' : w / Oon dLoSf ? hn ^ in ^ tained » i ; 'continued his ' frSivV lord , " jSaid he , / 'if . anything IS T ai ^ l bee \ ° ffen 8 i VO t ° y «^ wyal Ma jesty ,, I do decWe , before the God of heaven-and IS ^ JS ^^^^^^^ SSSi % X * Ihl ? £ XOellei ? cy by oriiffc Ol i subtlety . " astatement very muchtorbe wondered at .-nnmaiv
^ J ^ v ffiN" ®^™*** * f ri ^ 0 l 0 U 8 ' ®* cbarters Oi the kings my predecessors , confirmed by the lawful authority of the . crowri of England : and by the testimony of eminent men ! Far be it from mo-far be . it fromthe excellency of my kingaom , 'that wltat y }> on , mature consideration has been dewed % « , \ with the .. advice .-of my archbishops ] bukopj . and barons , should betin&emritd ' by t / ow or any like you . ' ¦ , r ¦ ¦ : : .. ;¦•• ¦ . .. . ¦ * " Then ' the king , looking U the bishop with a Changed countenance ; said : " Were : the letters of which mention is now made of your procuring ? ¦ By-the fidelity . and , oath you owe me , I charge you answer me truly !» The bishop ' replied : " By niy fidelity , and by the oath I have sworn to vou as mv
sovereign , your excellency shall know , that these letterswere . procured neither . by . mysolf nor any other person with my consent ;' . ' ' . : ; ¦¦¦; ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ Now . the areh . bishop hearing tht bishop deny , in the presence of all , that the lettorB had < been proc y nini i-fln * knowing how matters really stood , and that they had been so . prooured , marked himself with Resign of the cross , in token ofatitonithment . - '• ¦! AU these transactions took place before our lord the king , whom the Archbishop of Canterbury now addressed thus : "Will yourExcellency command
U 3 to retire , and do what is necessary : to be done , and to determine - . these matters ! according to the legal : method of ecoleswatical custom ?"— Nay . " said the king , ¦ VI . will order . you'to determine them in my presence , and after due deliberation , / shall decide . So saying , he arose , and retired to the cemetery orthe monks—the ' rest , except , the bishop and | theabbot , accompanying him . Aftbr somecpn-8 ultatioh i the king aenti for the bishop , ' who ' c ' ame and sat down with the others ; and after much discussion—the affair : being brought , to a conclusionthe king commanded Henry ¦ . of Essex to bring in the abbot and the monks . The abbot took his seat , and the bialiop , ' at the king ' s signal , spoke as follows : — i "• -., ,- • : ¦ . • ¦ ;' . -. .:-.. ; i ° . ' ! ! v-: ¦ ¦ - :,-.
" Most excellent King : I , bishop of the Church-of Chiohester ,. do entirely liberate and g , uU-c ! aim the Abbey of Battel . as your own royal chapel—in and upon which I ' neither have nor ought to have any authority—from all the claims and challenges which I have hitherto maintained . In like manner also , -I absolve the abbot , as one upon whom I have unjustly imposed the chain , of excommunication , which I neither could do , nov ought to have dono ; I protest ; that , in consideration' of his elevated dignity and that of-his Abbey , "I ought not to demand anything of him except his good will ; and I declare thatfrom this day , for ever , he is frooirom all episcopaTexactions and customs . " ' .
. The Chronicle exhibits ; the ;; holy men of Battel in the character of " wreckers , ' suc ^ cessfull y asserting their ; claim to the property of shipB lost on the , " coast and compromising with the Archbishop ; of , Canterbury in a disputed case by . ; yielding up . a portion of the shipwrecked , . commodities . " . . The extract we have made , shows how ; unchanging is the character of the . Priesthood : ; . Strange that : Victoria should now be . involved in the same disputeas Henry tHe Second . ! " * •• ..
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Th « Heir of Wast Wdytand . By MARr Howitt . - ( Parlour Library . ) Simms and M Untyre , Patonostei ' -row . r . , ' ; This admirai ) le '' MdVexqui 8 itely ,. told story will add to the already deservedl y high popu . larity of Mrs ; Howitti The scene is laid in a part of the country , . aud'among people where she is p ' e ' rfe ' ctly . at home—the events are natural , the language simple , but beautifully appropriate , and the . morals excellent . . Wast Wayland is one of the ! romantic spots in the north of ; England , ' . which have made the "Lake country " .. famous-among searchers
after thepicturesque ; but many of which are as yet unexplored and unvitiated by contact with'the outer worlds Into its recesses , with theirnaild aud fresh natural beauties and SublimitieB—and to the primitiverusage ' B , homely hospitality , warm feeling ; and true Saxon dialect of the ; simple dalesmen , ^ who inhabit 'them , Mrs . Howitt delightfully introduces the reader . ' The' Btbry is -appropriate to' ihe scenery .- ; We are told how . a : young la'dyj illused , both in . matters of . the heart , and the purs ' e , 'journies from , the-busy world to' a remote corner of ithe dale district , sind becomes
the mistress of a female school , established by tKe beneyoient owner of Wast Wayland . Ho ' w the scheming relations of the squire , who have'long looked upon themselves as his heirs , discover that hehas 'fallenf : in love with the schoolmistress , and . set on ^ footall kinds bf plots , to ; prevent ' the * property from being wrested from them , and ; how their stratagems end . But we will not ' divulge the ¦ -aecrot , for the book is only : one-shilling in price ; and we wiBh all biir readers to > liave the pleasure of reading iiflFor themselves . ' As an incentive to do so , we will only inform ithenv ¦ that we read it at one settings and were sorry when it was done . : ' ;'» -- " . '¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' - : •¦ ¦'' j • -. ¦ ; ' ¦•;;<•; ¦• . - ¦ ¦ . - ¦ ¦ '
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Professor ^ Kinkbl ' s . LsotBBES . ^ -Oh Monday night the first of a course of twelve lectures on the history of the modern theatre , was delivered by Dr . Gottfried Kinkel , late professor at the JJnivergity of . Bonn . at ' Willis ' s Rooms , before a numerous and fashionableaudierioe ; who were highly delighted « ith the address ; -The subject of the lecture Was , "the tendency t ) ftbe drama , on the people ; its moral and national importance . '' .. .-. , '
Ckkmorne GABnKNs .-Tlie ^ reparationB at Creraorne appear to be of . a . Very attractive description for the ensuing ' season ' , which' commenced on Thursday last ' , : being a grand f ete in honour of the opening oithe Natinnal-Exhibition . A double platform has been constructed for the convenience of the dancers , lighted , by ninety-t » o tripod lamps ' , and surrounded by waterproof . arbours . The expense of this improvement , land ofthe Hew Chinese ' pagoda is said to exceed ' £ 1 , 000 . . ' " ; : ¦ ¦ . ?¦ . ? . ? .: ¦ ' Baiiy's Hippodrome . —This extensive building now erecting at ! the corner of the Vietoria-road .
Kensington JNew ioWn , is fast progressing towards completion . It is of pval < 8 hape , about 500 . feet long by ^ OO feet across , ita capacity being , it is said , to held some 14 , 000 persons , who sit ' on seven roofed seats ; whilst the area itgelf is open to " the sky . It is a fine but dme of its class - and does credit to the architectural ability : of Mr . G . L , Taylor , i Situated bo immediately in the vicinity of the Crystal Palace , and fflaDaged by a gentleman so experienced and entprprniogas Mr . Batty , the Hipp Jrorae ^ s sure to receives vast amount of patronage during the forthcoming influx of strangers into the metropolis .
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The pATBSTLAws . _ On' Saturday , bv order tf the House of Lnrds , was printed a iVtuW- "" soinosuppestionsaRd incmi ^ - -oontaininff Board of Trade on * - " . . - "iis addressed to thl and the «^ d ^ 'JJ ^ t « f ' tho Patent . LS ! he ev ' pease and delay VjSdinW-i " - ! ^ ' ' " inventions .. Then » : arc ho- - ? l f , Wtenffor House of Lords for amlZl ^ bll ! s Wore the ^ hiDb / bUbr . il l be consteH ^^ , ^^?^ . in ^^ Z ^^ f ^ by « bKripi » alpacas into thaTo ' J ° ? yt'P 08 eof introducing « & £ & % ! Sri ? ' ^ c , iti 8 hoped tha
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'FATHER , GA . VAZZl , QN « INTOLERANCE . " ) -The introductory passages oi ^ the . dav ' s discourse were b estbwed'bn" the conduct of thfi ! fm > es in pandering to the great ciintinental'sysiein of- muzzling free . utterance of opinion by anun-Bnglishloiislaught on-himself . He took ait diice a . hroa d and philosophic view , of the relative position in which allcreated beings stood with . reference to th * great Creator and Father of the Universe , ' the essentially beneficent and intrinsically loving attributes of the Deity , from which he argued with forcible demonstration thai the groundwork of natural tUeology would be utterly demolished by the admission of intolerant the-res , involving , as they unavoidalily mustthe disfijure
, .. - meiit . and -distortion of . every feature in the conception of agodhead , and . the degradation of that sub-Ilime and adorable , ideal to i he ' wretched level of a jealous and vindictive de . monplatry ., He showed how , if mere numerical prflpbndera ' nce were cDnciusive as to the monopoly of truth , - Buddhism and Mahometamra-could triumphan tly vindicate each their refPeo ^ ng ht . to he conddered the priviiedge , ! creed At * r * n pre dllecllon » inasmuch as the former mual far outnumbered the adhererits of the pi . pe-: dom and the latter liturgy fully equalled the high-st estimate of us more or . leas enlightened votaries . It I ^^ S ^^^^^^^ octrine of compel .
so ^^ m ^ b ythesword ofreligious be ^ thirst germ of active persecution had originated 7 tw ° r ° f Chri 8 « amty ; and , ahhortt a such proc «| ed , ng 8 must have been to . the - eenius Of our faith , it is but natural to trace their adoption by the Popes to the example of ihe Caliphs . ^ Thr 'UiqmiUoni an . nifspringof Spain , wasbut a wrong headed reminiscence of the long-dominant ^ Moors ; and the subsequent working of sanguinary' intolerance ^ the case of the Waiilenses , the Hussites , the Albigenses ,. and other comraunUies anxious to purify their worship from Papal corruptions , was but a bloody parody of the war-cry , » There is but , one God and the Pope is his prophet . " r "'
A free pulpit or a free press could not co-exist with . the full development of this self-condemned imposture . Abundant historical references , familiar to the English portion of the auditory were followed up by modern instances of the SHtne conscious inability to cope ,, unassisted . by brute force , with the growing intelligence of mankind ; and the instinctive terror which mixed , educatum and , mixeamarriages ^ or any contact with or approximation to antagonistic influences inspired , was sadly indicative of latent misgiving . Vften in possession of rampant ascendancy , the lengths to which cruelty was carried would be ludicrous , were they not lamentable , as ' in the case of the Jews in
the Roman ghetto , the annoyances to ! which thesi ; poor people were still subjected having apparentl y no earthly object , save the wanton indul gence bf an inveterate habit of persecution . ; The ' recent vexatious interference with the Swiss Protestant ' coiigre . gation , of Florence , and the interdiction of preach , ing in Italian , was ably and eloquently sti gmatised , while , the terrorism upheld , at Naples ! by . the wretched . King ' s crafty confessor , Code ; and the frantic alarm which fenced out and blockaded every inlet'and' avenue of . free thought , were characteristic of the Pope ' s model kingdom and the normal state Of society , he patronised . , No wonder that , the bleased Bomba prohibits his beni ghted and besotted subjects from visiting England , or her marts , , her assemblages-of freemen , and , above all
such gatherings as our own . ( Cheers . ) flis voice that rings throughout this hall is well " fitted to strike - dismay with its most distant echo into his craven sou ! .. 'H e has seen me once before ,: ' though I could , only catch a glimpseof his back when he turned it in disastrous flight from the gallant' men who routed him . at . Velletri . I saw him gallop in the direction , of , the Pontine marshes , ; scared at the glitter or Garibaldi ' s bayonets , and trembling and aghast at the rattle in his rear of our Roman musketry . Until I again confronthim in the inevevitable , clash of . the coming conflict on Italian ground , the winged words that are wafted from this platform will whistle in his ears bb ' if spoken in the Largo . diCastello , or the broad bustle of Strada Toledo , conveying to a corrupt court the certainty of impending : catastrophe . ; . - - ...
From the aspect of intolerance in other countries of Europe he adverted to the manner in which forbearance and toleration ; were understood by . the authorities in France , and drew a forcible sketch of the oppressive machinery at . work in that republican community for the extinction of every spontaneous utterance of independent opinion . Reli gion was desecrated by an alliance with the pnliee , and the old Voltairian scoffers bad pressed into the service ° ! AelrpoliticaVintrigues the aacred appliances , aittl resources of the sanctuary . -Ostentatious attendance at fashionable churches was the ' indispensable prelirai . riary to . bureaucratic preferment , military advancement , or , in the case of fortune-hunters , to the hand of some heiress in the , various nunneries
of "the sacred heart " under the control . ' . of convenient ' confessors . ; , Rank hypocrisy was the result in the upper classes , and wide-spread unbelief in the more humble observers of this scandalous , comedy . Paris has undertaken the pious task of . converting London during the great festival of the world ' s industry , and the Hanover-square rooms have been hired for the performances of the plausible Jesuit , Ravignan . , The French milliners of . that distinguished quarter of the town import the newest figurine of Parisian fashion , and the inhabitants . of this metropoli 8 . are to be presented there ; with the latest'pattern . of demure gallic piety , as a persuasive to forego their ignorant ., impttace of Roman aegreSBton . Lessons of toleration are to . flow from
the lips of ; Loyola , the tide . . Of popular commotion is to . be stemmed and rolled bacjc , on the Anglican Episcopacy , while the inveetives of Gavazzi are ( loomed to undergo rebuke , and refutation . By all means let the rejoinder be heard , let England learn to admire . a government ' of !; priests , and , ' applaud the beneyoient interference . of France to secure that blessing to the Romans . Let " eyery " a ' buBe"denoun . ced in succession be MhUewashed in its turn ; let the' infallibility of lying encyclycals be upheld , the infamies of enforced celibacy hushed uft'the Inquisition vindicated in all its atrocities ; the idle vagrancy ' of mendicant monks , such as infest our
Italian towns , justified on the principles of political economy or any principle at all ; . let the Jesuit exonerate his ; own fraternity from , the impeachment of systematically assassinating the . freedom . of mankind . every . ^ and cursed , with its , mischievous ubiquity . .-They . blunt . and ^ straightforward , state ' mentB made and . recognised Jiy thV , assenting ' , adh e . sibn . bf afully . cpinpelent . assem ' lily ) are of a mature to exercise all the snhtiety bf Escobar in any ' attempt at palliation . - The work ' of exposure shall go on : thei assault onthe crazy ; structure that encurabeTs the ' . Italian' soil with its antiquated and exploded accessories , sball-continue with unabated energy and undaunted determination . '¦ •'• :-
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_ . Chicory is Coffer—In Belgium ; where chicory is cultivated to a considerable extent , and used with coffee ; with which itis mixed by the consumer , and not by the retailer of coffee , ' the poorest person grinds his own coffee , and thus ' effectually prevents the 1 possibility of- having an' adultwated article , The chicory is usually aold ^ by the vendor of coffee , and is U 8 edby the . , consumer in the . proportion to &u't his . own taste ; and in ! : the opinion ¦ , of many coffee drinkers a moderate quantity of chicly with coffee is an iraprovement ,. thoug h' its general ' uso in Belgium is from motives of economy . "i ¦ ¦ ¦ • ¦
The "Willb act . —A case lately ' occurred iritli 6 Prerogative Court of Canterbury , which affor ' ds-a remarkable illustration of the unjust operation of the Wills Act upon the classes of soo { ety : wno cannot afford ; tb pay solicitors "to . draw . ' their ,-, will ? The testator , a labouring : man , " uied onthe 17 th of March tart ) leaving a . will ; 'disposing ' " ' of the little property hfehiid saved ' It occupied : the first and nearly half the second side of a Sheet of letter paper , Ihe attestation clause was on . the third side , immediately opposite , to . the concluding paragraph of the will , and the testator ' feigned" fcis name just below tho attestation clause in the simiiltarieous ' presencb of two witnesses , who then duly attested and ' subscribed-tho will . The next day the will was'shown to the medical attendant , who , very properly observed that the , testator must sign . immediately ' at the foot , or end of the will . "Accordingly , in . tho ' J ¦
presence of the same two witnesses ' and tlib medical ' attendant ; the testator again' signud his h a ' tn ' e in ihe proper p lace ; and the two "; witnesses proposed to ' sign theirs again , but the rne < JicaL . gerit ! eJB * ''"" . fortunately not being acqualniftr f " " . '¦ . v . distinctions , of . tw-. ' - ¦ - . ; . ; _ .. itnalMhe ' nice —••> ijiw ) said that was unnecessary , .. a mey had already , attested and Subscribed the will . - 'This will-was declared invalid because the signature of the testator . at- the foot orend of the will was not ; attestod ,. and- the - signature ( whioVi was duly nttestod ^ hough at the , foot or end' bf the attestation clause , . ' and nearly , opposifeto the k t line of j the iyill ) -was - nqt at tlio foot , 6 r end " nfiil will , Thesame dayseve « a - other ' ; Wi ] i , "t'S \ clared invalid because the si gnature ofML " t ^" s ^ taS ^ r - ^ with the requirements of the stS ?^ coinpllancu ^ e U 10 ie ie to ie it vg <•'• s- II , xt ? . v ee
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aou " r ite ? SftW ° f Ctmtention i 3 drawn thc fa cf ' ™ F ° Republic taste is a public beneaud the dol-star hasn ' t U theCOmetha 5 e ° UtaU » 10 , 016 . 793 ; ' and th » t of P aJhiUaU 0 S J' at Mantkl-pieces of . mwble may be effVctuallr cleaned by rubbing them wi-h a flannel dipped £ a weak solution or carbonate of soda . A , Loye , r . writing to his sweetheart , says- — " Delectable Dear . ' You are so sweet , that honey would blmh in your presance , and tveaele stand anpalled !" ¦ - ¦ Remembkr This !—To decline all advice , unless the example ofthe giver confirm his precepts , would be about as sapient as if a traveller were to refuse to follow the direction of a finger post , unless it hopped attor its own finger .
Foreign Money . —It may not be amiss to caution the puoiic to be very careful in takiug money , as there is at present a very large number of French and Beig . an one-franc pieces in circulation throughout , the metropolis . They are rather defaced on each side , and Pass easily as a shilling , to those not acquainted with the coin , which is not worth more than Bid . or 9 u . uS » m * i ° ? Baciklob ? -An old bachelor fu . fi 1 8 , SOlo ~ an « nftn « bed piece of creation - hehrst volume of au interesting work- * Wfttoh without a . regulator- * voluntary martyr , refusng Heaven ' s best gitt-a fruitless blossom on the tree of 1 fe-a ship without a rudder , dashed by the waves of despair on the rocks ' of d esoktion-someUmes a gilded peg for aspiring relatives to hang their hopes
, - } Enjoin , says Quintilian , " that such as are Segiuiiins the practice of composition , write slowlv and with atunoua 'deliberation . Their great obS ' at first , should be to write ' as well ns possible ¦ S lice will enabl e them to write speedily . By Mm matter « i 1 offer itself aiUl more readily ; ¦ fi 3 be at hand ; composition will flow : everything as in the arrangement of a well-ordered family , will present unit in us proper place . The sum of the whole is this—that by h : isty composition we shall never acquire the art of composins-well ; by writing well we i-ha . ll come to write speedily . The Indian and the IsNKBEpER .-Colonel Putnam used to tell a story of an Indian , upon Connecticut River , who called at a tavern , in the autumn for S . l - ? Vi landl ( ir ( i ask ea him two coppers for it . Ihe following sprinjr , passing the Fame hnnso . h *
called ^ or another , and had three coppers to pay for n "How is thi * , landlord ? " says lie , « last fallyou asked but two coppers for a glass of rum , now you ask three ¦ - "Oh ! " says the . landlord , "it costa me a good deal to keep rum over winter . It is as expensive to keep a hogshead of rum over winter as ? u llOrS u \ r ^ h ! " , aya the Ir ' dian . " I can ' t see through that ; he won ' t eat so much hay t mo « 6 e Ae drink as much water . " This was sheer wit , pure Satire , and true humour , in one vevy short repartee Fasuions for the DyiNG .-Some days before her death , which took place lately , Mademoiselle Eliza F « . r eot , ex-directreas of the Theatre Frances at London , was conversing with some friends , when some one knocked at her door , and her / emme de chambre whispered same words in her ear . "It is my dress maker come to try me on a new dress , " said the actress . " Will you come and see it ? " She then led the way to her dressing room , and her
friends , wlio rollowed her ; were surprised and pained to see the new gown was—a coffin . The coffin was or rosewood , lined with white satin , and was placed asjamstthe wall . She entered to try it . "Yes " said she , smiling , "it fits well , and I am pleased with it . — Pans Jlevue des Theatres . " Glorious UNCERTiiNTv . o ? Lm .-An American fanner had remarked , during the sittings of the Circuit Court , a part of his corn field to be beaten down in a regular track of ten or twelve paces in length , as if by the ranging of some animal to and fro . Anxious to detect the cause , he ensconced himself one day amous ; the thick leaves , and observed , about the hour of adjournment , one of the Judges cautiouslv
anproach the spot . Arrived at tho path , he commenced pacing it gravely up and down , with knit brow and air of cpgitati . m , and at length , drawing a small chip from his pocue ' t , he spat on one side of it , balanced it an instant on his finger , flipped it up in the air , and washing it ' s descent intently , exclaimed , as it fell : — " Wet tor " defendant— dry fur- plaintiff ;" tht-n . stooping down , he added , " Plaintiff has it ! ' » The farmer avoided all litigation from that moment . Increase of Fourth-Class TnAVELLERs . —The parent-era , by rail increased from 35 . 000 , 000 in 1846 to 53 , 000 , 000 in 1850 for England and Wales alone ; and the total of the United Kingdom for the last year was 06 , 000 , 000 , The largest proportion of this
increase ( says the Times ) U due to the lowest class ot passengers . While the number of first-clasg travellers has increased sixteen , and of second-class ninety-seven per cent ., and white third-class travellers have actually diminished two per cent ,, the passengers b y parliamentary' trains have increased 330 per cent , upon their number in 1840 . Yet , for their most numerous class of customers , railwav directors seem to tako the least care . . Obioim-. of the Siqn of "Thb Baoop Najis . " —Some hundred years since there stood in the T yburn-road ( Oxford-street ) a public house known as the Bacchanalians , " on the signboard of which was painteda representation of Bacchus and a eroun
or satyrs , llio jolly god was represented with cloven hoofs and horns , the traditionary form oi satyrs , and thesiaro was vulgarly called "The Devil and the Bacchanals . " Time , however , ignored the existence of his Satanic majesty , and as the siunboart became dull with age and weather , the term Iiacohanal 8 was construed into " Bag of Nails " a torra it has ever since retained . It is by no means an uncommon sifjn in the centre of England . Selbsatisfied Party . —Four gentlemen , a Baptist , Presbyterian , Methodist , and Roman Catholic , met by agreement to dino on a tiah . Soon as grace was said , ihe Catholic rose , armed with a'knifeand fork , and taking about onu-third of the fish , comprehending tho head , removed it to his plate , exclaiming , as he sat ' 'down , ' with great self satisfaction , Papa estcaput ecclesice ! ( tha Hope is the head of the
Church ) . Imm ediately the Methodist minister arose , and helping himself to about one-ihird , embracing the tail , seated himself , Finis coronal opitsl ( the end crowns the work ) . The Presbyterian now tbou » ht it was about time for him to move , and , taking the remainder of the fish to his plate , exclaimed , /« media est veritas \ ( truth lies between the two extremes ) . Our Baptist brother had nbtUuig before him but an empiy plate , and the prospect of a slim dinner ; and , snatching up the howl of drawn metled butter , he dashed it over them all . exclaiming , Ego baptito vos ! ( I baptise you all ) . Taxation . —If the question were put to seven millions ofthe inhabitants in the sever . il parishes of this kingdom , whether they would prefer paying the following direct taxes , instead of vhe present indirect taxes , leaving a general free trade , what reply would bemadei
1 million to pay 0 s . OH . weekly , would produce £ 1 300 , 000 > 1 million .. Is . 0 d . 2 , 000 , 000 1 million ... Is . Gd . . .. .. 3 . 000 000 1 million .. 2 s . Oil . 5 . 200 , 000 1 million • ' .: 3 s . Od . .. .. .. 7 , 800 . 00 ( 1 . 1 million ..: 4 s . Od ¦ 10 , 400 , 000 1 million ' , . - . ; 5 s : 0 d ; .. .. ; .. 13 , 000 , OOll . 7 millions would pay , in lieu of all Taxes .. £ 44 , 200 , 000 Twenty-one millions of children and poor would be free , and thej burden light for seven millions . . LivEnpooi under Thbbe Queens . —The Liverpool Times givcstlie following tabular statement , prepared in connexion with a model of the town , to ¦ be shown in the Exhibition of Industry j— ' 1570 . 1710 . 1851 . ' „ ' , ' Elizabeth . Anne . Victoria PopuUtion ........ 800 8 , 108 40000 Vessels .... ....... 15 334 23 fl 0 Tonni ^ e 208 .. ¦ 13 , 646 3 , 58 ( 133 JDockBuM ..: „ ... ,. ... _ £ 000 . . £ 211 , 74 Town Ones . _ £ 20 £ 379 £ 81 , 00 ' Customs .... ; • £ 272 ' £ 70 ; oOO £ 3 , 30028 . l / orpteito ¦ ¦ Income £ ' 20 £ 1 , 115 £ 13 » , 15 ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ AaTRONOWCiJj Clock : —The Liverpool Allim states that -a curious astronomical clock is at presen being constructed in the vicinity o ( ' Liverpool , b ; E . lienderson , LL . D ., for the Exhibition , from 1 series of very intricate calculus and complicated pro Section ' s , which has . engrossed ' a large shave of hi time and attention since l . S-M . It ° ia : calculated S ( . finely that in many of the ' motioiiR of the wheel-worl ! it will not err'iine miiiute in 1 , 000 ye . 'irs . The cloc will show the minutes ' awil hours of the day ; Ui sun s place in ; Iir ecliptic ; the day of . the raont perpetually , and take leap year into . account ; tl . moon ' s nge , place , and ' phases ; the apparentdiurm revolution of the moon ; ' the ebb and flow of thc s < ¦ at , any port in the world ; the goUcn immbe epnet , solar cycle , Komau uidiction , Siindav lett «! and Julian period ; the mean time of the rising setting of the sun oil rvery day of the vea « . " « terms , andfixt-ia « u movablefesnf * ' * ... week will also be indic »*~ ' ' ' W 1 , gisteredf "" "" -. a . ' The day of I 1 .. -. — cu , and the year will be 1 ¦ -. iu . \ ) W pastor to come . It will also 10 U year s without . requiring to be wound up . .: . "A Uymjj op my own Composing . 'WAbsii century ago , there ; w : is . ; iu tha far-faraed tow Wastonlmry , an eccemrSjc-iman , who performed duties of clerk , at the Yrranyterian -nieetinsr . - tnends deemed him a r joet of no common order , the : plaudits . of . lns as ? / . e . ales coatrilrated not n li to loster ah opinion * congenial to his i ^ n . jvas urged to make .. " h js talcnt bcnefinhV IO the pul ; 0 a « 5 ^ of . No , V (! m « Br ,.: « lter an'impressive n » nn » ad beeu pr . Mcherf ,-. this man of office stooil and- in tlie bro ad Somerset diakcty'saidi- " ! gwain to ei
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Tfo Chronicle of Battel Abbey , from 1066 to 1176 ..: Now first translated , with Notes , aad an Abstract of the subsequent History of the -Establishment . B y MaKK AhxOKY LOWBB , . M . A .- Russell Smith . . The original of this Chronicle is in the CottonianMSS . of the British Museum . It is now translated and published : for the first , time . Its contents have almost exclusive reference to the Abhey itself ; but an Abbey in those ages represented a section of the -world ,, and had political significance of a very deeisive
kind . Here , we see clustering round this Battel Abbey some of the most momentous disputes of episcopal and civil jurisdiction , not a few of the most rema rkable of our early feudal customs / anecdotes of our Norman ! kings than which nothing can bo imagined more character istic , Singular facts and incidents throwing light upon our national history , and a series of . quarrels and suits between the Abbots of Battel and the Bishops of Chichestcr touching the respective limits of their power , which in life-like illustration of character and men equal anything contained in Mr . Carlyle ' s Chronicle of Jocelyn de Brakehnde .
• We copy the scene of one of these quarrels at the hearing of which King Henry the Second presided . It is full of masterly : dramatic touches . ; Observe the lion-like King stretching forth his hands to give point to that grim joke against the Church whereat all his courtiers laugh , and his Chancellor Thornas a Becket the first J Hear in what keen , piercing tone , ' sounding clear over the abyss of six centuries , ' this stout Plantagenet ridicules a bishop ' s claim to set at nought the charters of his kingly predecessors .. "You , or * any like yon , to think of defying the lawful authority of theEnglish Crown ! " And finally let the reader note how ; the good Archbishop marks himself with the cross in token of astonishment when he hears his' cool friend the Bishop tell an enormous fib . : :
When this had been done ,. Thomas ( a Becket ) the King ' s chancellor , looking ; towards the Bishop of Chichester , said : "M lord bishop , your charity has heard what has . now been done before our lord tho King , and in the audience of all present .. It is now permitted to your prudence to reply , if it so please you ; for it is you , as it appears to us , that this matter most concerns . " Then the Bishop arose and eaid : ,. . ...,..-"I am not addicted like many , to roaming all the world . over , but induced by love arid honour to you , ray lord Kui £ , and quite unaware of this kind of opposition , I hare come into" these parts of your realm vrith tbeothers who ; are present . But if it
please-you ; and . the abbot , arid the rest now before you . who are well disposed , an arrangement can he made , by your mediation , between me and the abbot , without damage either to our church of Chichester , or to the Abbey of Battel . "With that intention have I come . hither . Even if I did not know this to be your desire , I should of necessity —though unaware of the opposition to lie brought against me ,: and unprepared for it—make satisfaction for myself and for the church of Chichester committed to my charge . " ' ¦ ¦' ¦ ¦ "¦ 1
But some objected to any compromise ; saying that the controversy , so long maintained between them , ought to be brought to a close , and not continued any further . Upon this the bishop proceeded ytixh . a loud voice—all attentively listening —in these words : "Since you refuse a compromise'for peace , I will give our lord' the King , and all here present a detailed account of the matters hitherto in dispute between us , respecting the rights of my ' church of Chichester ; " With this introduction ' he proceeded : — " ' ' , 1
, "Jesds Ghbist , my lordKing "—the words Jesus Christ our Lord lie repeated three times , and then added— "Hear . ye all , rand understand . Jesus Christ our Lord , in . the disposition of this world ,-has constituted two places and . two powers , one spiritual , the other material . The spiritual is that concerning which our Lord ' Jesus Christ spake to all Ma disciplesand . their . ' successors , in our first bishop Tetei" the apostol , namely : « Thou art Peter , and upon this rock ; . will . I build my church . '
From that time , as your charity knows , it has . grown to . be a custom in the church of God that the bishops of hol y church , being vicars of the said blessed Peter , - , the- prince of the apostbls , ' should preside uv the worthy , governance thereof , Hfettca to us who are set over Gpd ' . s church , was it said bv our Lord Jesus Christ , through those ' -blesseu apostols : Whoso heareth you , tnrShmo 'And henc . the church of Homo , being invested with the apostolsh . p of that princo ofthe apostols , hold * such
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 3, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1624/page/3/
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