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fcoroi&ottiteiwe.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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^^^ TthB REFUGEES TO THE PO-* . iCig a « ihe ruins of despotism , the ^ . Uftwton began toflutter-when enslaved J& * 1 i . !™ meed to demand more strongly the V ^ rfftSapW ana violently witUuQa V"f n-When Ae ttaragbt of tiie fortunes of §^ Mherland , like lightniog iUnminating the % ^ SthS the laud , electrifying aUhearts ^ ' la crey-hmrcd defenders of the country Baw J * ahar everlasting hopes , their younger days , jr -t ffVLthsofourland , boiling with impatience , rf Mrts overflowing with patriotism ,. could no # * Sook the inactivity of repose—at that time £ & , that breastwork of Western
civilization' * " nntrjt f *« eofS « re &ttd teeming with plenty , £ to-day the land of tears and terror , where des-<' ' { , re atheaits samiel to dry np the stream of : lion ' s life , and where barbarism ( crawled from i ^ Ljovite lair ) revels like the storm on Xybian * l _ Poland began to concentrate its strength , in £ f to [ -resent a strong front to the enemies of r ' 1 iiad and to burst the irons binding liberty . But ^[ he efforts of single Polish provinces to unite * ebody were thwarted , and the war in Hon-K Ptadqally and more firmly spreading over the % ce of the country , offering the greatest guaran ^ - £ bat in t ™* i 'ith arms in our hands , we Bhould * L jb to the land of our fathers , insisting upon onr ? . « -insisting , for sooner will tUecrocodile release
• Isaad prey than the despotvoluntarily surrender i ' foot of enslaved land , —we hastened into the l ^ j of the defenders of mankind , in order to assist Lfcoly cause of liberty of the Hungarian nation , [^ l abours had very nearly been crowned with suc-& , ; already our fathers , our mothers , and sisters , § eyes glistening with the tears of premature ex-. wm , waved laurels consecrated by th if 1 j- ^ ifD the temples of b rave soldiers ; alrea dy the l ^ in s which for so long a period bound the liberty * - nations , began to burst , and Hope waited on 0 xx . The very earth seemed to turn a different , « rse when the barbarians of the . North , the Asiatic fjtfes—that blood-thirsty dragon , always ready tO Sibilate civilization , panther-Jike lying in wait for v , prey—overran the whole surface of Hungary , in injer to assist the already Tanquisbed Austrian des-! 3 I to destroy the g limmering taper of Western cirSzation ¦
. ... -,. __ . „ ., The overwhelming numerical forces of the enen ^ of Hungary—exhaustion of the availabl s ^ er a of war , with a prolongled struggle , a txa"glo for death or victory—treachery of one of •> most skilful Hungarian generals—and , finally , is inferior arrangements of the great but unfortuaie battle of Temesvar : the whole of those causes cited together prostrated Hungary , and studded at beautiful laud with the graves of victims , to b < 2 ailv watered with the tears of the bereaved ces , and forced the flower of the youth of Poland ii Ilangary to seek an asylum in Turkey , because pre acceptable , a hundred times , is the State of 5 i ! c and tears sbed on foreign strands , than dis-^ ctions and wealth in a native land under the jiant ' s yoke . Even there the strangles of nations Tcald not let U 3 rest ; they claimed from the Porte t sr extradition .
But when neither the fear of extradition , nor the aipting offers to turn renegades seemed to take duct upon us , when starvation and cholera began pidnallj to thin the ranks of the exiles , to crown liar revenge , the despots compelled the Porte to Hixefrom amongst us the most distinguished men , srbasSossuthandthcwhoIeof the generals , to sn them up in Kutajah , in the heart of Asia , the hid of ignorance and wild habits . The re 3 t of us &y left to ourselves , that , deprived of onr only animate guardians in the midst of misfortunes m regrets for our native land , we might be orally annihilated . Bang placed under these unfavourable circumnates , unwilling to spend the best days of our
janhnod in the midst of the dormant and inactive Be of eastern nations , and feeling ourselves capable iSiapTovement , we succeeded in obtaining leave , iironirh the influence of the English ambassador , Sir Stratford Canning , to sail for England . Engki ] , this land of freedom and commerce , this taire of European civilisation , has become the zsv land of our exile . England , the Samaritan bibe oppressed of all lands , has given an asylum a the remnants of the Polish legion ; throwing tsn her hospitable doors , she has given us rest km onr fatigue , and with the sweet loving nice of her beneficence has beguiled us of onr Hise of isolation . Generous and sensible to oar srorinnes , the English people at the very beginning
sok suitable means to insure our longer stay , as , cortly after our arrival in Liverpool , they formed » committees , having for their object onr maintesiceat present and the employment for the future liy means of which ire could earn our own livelihood . To ameliorate the condition of the unfortunate sons tf Poland , a similar committee was formed in Shef * Ml , which applied for twenty-eight of the refugees . It is owing to the care of thi 3 committee that we are cabled to forget our bitter thoughts , that we are Giles from our homes , thrown npnn the wide world tube unseen hand of Providence to proclaim the Tongs and cruelties perpetrated in our country , like diving protestation , which is denied to those who remain at home . It is owing to this committee that
Kr necessaries of . life and time-worn clothing have l « n snost carefully attended to . It is owing to this ttmmittee that already above twenty of us have knd employment , and although the earnings in aany instances are insufficient to supply our wants , tkddigenceof the members of the Sheffield < wmsattee instantly makes it up and furnishes us with Everything that i 9 absolutely necessary . We have » doubt that with the assistance of this committee , is a short time all of us will find suitable employs ' , guaranteeing w * sojourn in Engbind . Lastly , ais owing to this committee that onr earnest wishes ^ remain in England are gratified , —this England , & loftiest point of European freedom , from whence tfeker and more effectually we can be responsive to
& call of our mnch-wronged fatherland . For so 3 ich care , and for the readiness with which you iire hastened , to the relief of suffering humanity , 5 a will deign to accept onr most sincere thanks ; p 3 , though we are well aware that the best reward 2 : the generous and noble actions is the pleasing redlection of doing good , we flatter ourselves with j » fi that these few plain words , but gushing from it fulness of our hearts , will be received as an offer-- ? from a grateful band who , though wanderers , Se a mission in the great world , . as you are aware pi the emigration of an enslaved nation is an everting echo of that nation ' s groans and protests ,
con-Anally annoying the ear and disturbing the dreams 3 the enemies of freedom , and that its destination s to unravel the past and to build the future . You , 39 > i tfae members of this committee , have earned fe thanks and gratitude not only of ourselves , but ^ < mr relatives and of the whele suffering Poland . To yOn , also , the generous ladies of Sheffield , with Sial eratitnde we express our heartfelt thanks . It *^ yon who obliterated the scarcely dry tears of our ? ile , and , with the solicitude of a mother who eacri-*** her child to avenge the injuries perpetrated by f' enemies of her native land , yoa Save bronght re-«' to our hearts yearning for the dear mothers and % r 6 we have lost .
^ finally , to yon , gentlemen of this town , it is avery Phasing duty to ns to express onr thanks for bo man ; rwofs of sympathy which we constantly receive at | snrhands . You , gentlemen , having come forward , at «* solicitation of the committee , with pecuniary ssastance , and thr own epen your manufactories , in Kaer that by honest labour we might earn our own SElenanee , have largely contributed to save Poland Wff lty-eigUof her children . ( Si gned ) , Ferdinand Ko walski , Fortunat Strowski , Alexander Krzyzanowski , Herman Fiszbek , Severyn Czerwinski , Valentine Gladysz , Anloni Halski , Jasper Ealinoski , Charles Kngler , Maximillian Means , Sebastian Nachman , Albsrt Podorodecki , Simeon Bejowski , Felix Terlecki , Wra . Domkowicz , John Sznryn , Jacob Skrowaczewski , Stanislaus Czerwinski , Louis Galeeki , Julian Goraczko , Albin Hlawaty , Leon Klem , Ladislans Lpowski , John Mularski , Peter Ortynski , John Podonbiski , reter-Teriecki , Constant Podoski .
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TO THE EDIT . 0 S OF THE NORTHEilN STAR . Beam Sib , —Permit me , for tt © iufonnation of Messrs . AH-whom-it-may-concern—thdX very old established company of Anonymoases—to state , that I have just crossed the border , sound , wind and limb , and am once more in merry England ; that I expect to be in and about Newcastle-on-Tyne , from the end of thia
week to Monday morning , the 25 th inBt ., that I intend then passing on to noble old York , ahd talking there two nights , —and from thence to Sheffield , if time will allow .. But , as 1 have given half a promise to be at Fadiham by the 1 st of September , and to Bpend that month among Lancashire folk , it is most Jikely that I shall not get to Sheffield , and other towns of Yorkshire until October . My friends in the West Riding , however , may rest assured that I will not return to London before I have visited them , la the meantime
my Lancashire friends will greatly oblige me by forming my route for September , as speedily aspoBsible , to avoid contusion . They may either address my friend , ' Mr . Benjamin Pillin , GrimBhaw Weli ; Padiham ' , or myself , at Mr . Barlow ' s , 1 , Melson-street , Newcastleon-Tyne . If it would not be deemed too great an intrusion on your columns , I might just say that ,
during the fifty-two days 1 spent in auia Scotland , I addressed forty audiences : some in the principal towns of Edinburgh , Glasgow , Dundee , Aberdeen , and Paisley—some in the smaller towns ofDanfermline , X > alkeitb , Hamilton , GalashildB , and Hawick—and the rest in the villages of Kilbarchan , Barrhead , Camp&ie , and Laeswade : in many instances , the audiences being large—and , in all , highly
intelligent . Ab to what I did in Scotland , besides talking to the ' guid folk , ' and what I saw and felt among its mountains , and amidst its historic associations , it might fill a sentimental volume to tell ; and unless I had your especial permission to occupy a column with my prate , I would not venture npon the Btory . I am , dear sir , yours truly , Thomas Cooper .
Alnwick-, Northumberland , August 6 th . [ Now that the Session has closed , and we shall have more space at our disposal , we shall be very happy to give Mr . Cooper an opportunity of narrating his reminiscenses in his own agreeable style . —Ed . 17 . S . ]
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TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —In your report hi the Star of the 2 nd inst ., of the meeting on the 29 tb ult at the National Halt , Holborn , convened by the Chartist Executive , to express sympathy -with two rich Jews , you omit to state that the amendment waB carried by a very large majority , notwithstanding the passionate appeal of Mr . Ernest JoneB , and his assertipn that the said majority was pahi by the Protectionists !!! - Very like a whale . . ¦
In fact there could be no ' mistake , as to the feeling of the meeting , from the enthusiastic reception of Mr . Bronterre O'Brien , who supported-the amendment ; and the storm of hisses produced by Mr . Ernert JoneB' paBBionate defence of the original re-As the Star is the only paper that gives a fair report of public teeetings , U am sure you will . insert thi 8 ,-for the information and instruction of your country readers . ' Respectfully yours , _ A CONSTAKT ReADBB . London , 6 , 8 ; 51 . ¦ .. . . ¦ ' !" .
[ We accounted in a notice last week for the omission referred to ,. It arose from the maker up of the paper , leaving out the conclusion of the meeting , and the inner form was printed off before the mistake was discovered , when of course it was too late to rectify- it . We have received other communications on the same Bubjecfc , to which . we trust this will be a sufficient answer . We can assure our correspondents that it is our most anxious desire to present in the columns of the Star faithful and impartial accounts of all meetings connected with the movement . —Ed . M . 5 . 1
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ATHER GAVAZZI ON TBB-PEA € E CON GRB 8 S , AflD FERDINASD THE FALSE .
' There was , an unusual throng at Willis ' -Rooms on Wednesday afternoon , to hear the parting address of the gifted Italian , previous to his departure for the cities of the north of England and Scotland , which , in compliance with pressing requisitions , he is about to visit during the parliamentary recess . The eagerness to hear his concluding oration of the series , was heightened by tbe expectation that Mr . Gladstone ' s pamphlet would supply its subject and material . The Daily News discontinued' reporting his orations at the twentieth , but resumed for this occasion . The orator began by adverting to the Peace Congress ^ in whose proceedings , to which be had been bidden he willingly recognised a development of the grand principle , that public opinion , freely elicited , should regulate the business of mankind . Bib complaint was that tbe aggrieved , the Bpoliated , and the victimised members of the human f « miJy ,
were in those gatherings ¦ unrepresented . France , Prussia , the American Union , had their delegates propounding smooth plausibilities ; but plundered Wexico , " devastated Algiers / trampled Hungary , hand-cuffed Hesse Cassel , bastinadoed Lombardy , violated Yenice , tortured Sicily , gagged , manacled , and terror-Btricken Rome , had entered no appearance at this pacific conclave . The expense of a standing army , and its pressure on the pocket , appeared to be the feeling uppermost . Look at Switzerland!—that mountain home of freedom never encroached on its neighbour ' s nationality , nor would it suffer any infringment on its own . Roused from its peaceful industry by an Austro-Papal aggression , it started up 80 , 000 strong and ejected the foreign element of discord , in defiance of the three great European powers . The result was peace , glory , Belf-reBpect , and repose . Tne Helvetic confederacy had no standing army ; out in tbatunsophisticited land every freeman carried a firelock , in virtue of which he continued free .
"Talk not to me" ( heexclaimed ) " of a truoo with tyranny ! 1 cannot prize the peace of the sepulciire or . the acquiescence of tbe bondsman . Let the sleek and pampered hierarchy that participates on the proceeds Of oppression preach up a perpetuity of power to plunder and enslave ; hut , with the blessed Baptist , be it mine to confront the Herods of the hour , and aloud proclaim it ' unlawful for the © to take what is not thine own , hut helongeth unto another / To wink at wickedness because worked out on a gigantic scale , to distinguish a . national from an individual wrong , ' is a casuistry I scorn . Be this outstretched arm withered , and this tongue cleave paralyzed to iny palate , if ever , through the life-long career that remains to me , I pause or falter in my allotted
taskthe advocacy of Italian right , the enforcement ol her just demand , the recovery of her swindled franchise , the rescue of her territory , and the full recognition of her independence . A testimony unsullied and unsolicited has ^ ust beea borne on our behalf j » calm , dispassionate voice has been heard ia your laud , and-summoned onr slandererB to judgment . Mr . Gladstone has spoken ; and if the hoary hypocrites who would defame and stigmatise the virtue that resists their foul embrace , and loathes their effort at violation , stands abashed and confounded at the bar of opinion , thanks and blessings on this manly Englishman ' s interposition . While " ' . Young England , " in the person of a BailUe Cochrane , would act the pander to each dishonour * able attempt , tbe indignant integrity of a British
senator has levelled the blow of a Saxon cudgel on the p lotters of our ruin . Ho has dragged them before the tribunalof your upright and incorruptible committee ; he arraigns them one and all . From the poor dastardly occupant of a principality in Parma , from the wretched eunuch m forcible possession of Tuscany , from Hoplmi and Fhineas , the sons of Eli the high-priest , working their wicked will at Rome , to the ringleader of the whole gang , the truculent ravisher of the Two Sicilies , the shrieks of whose victims , remote and unfriended , he has made audible to the ear of England . He tells you of this monster ' s perjured vows and desecrated oath ; he recounts the awful sacrilege of a forsworn gospel ; and you stand aghast at the miscreant ' s audacity . . Alas ! you aTe not familiar with the fatal facility by which priestly imposture has made feasible . the violation of the most solemn contracts that bind man to man in our unhappy peninsula . Ferdinand the False is in strict
alliance and confederacy with the Father of Lies ; he acts under the guidance of a confessor , he has a 3 acramental resource , an auricular appendage . Of tyranny more convenient' and more serviceable than the horrible ' ear' of Dyonisius , tyrant of Syracuse . For adhering to their part of the constitutional compact , a clear majority of tbe country ' s chosen delegates are in the dungeons of this perjurer . The Prime Minister of his own appointment , the incorruptible Poerio , is doomed in the wantonness of rampant iniquity to twenty-five years of a galley slave ' s existence , with its plenitude of horrors—the convict dress of ignominy , tbe chain round his waist , the irons riveUed on his feet , the clanking appendages of infamy dragged at every step in health or sickness , the torture of his waking hours , the incubus of bis sleep ; and this for a quarter of a century yet unexpired , blind and fatuous , as well as foul and atrocious condemnation . Shall he not outlive the brief duration
just Heaven has already decreed for the continuance of a misrule that , ' outraging humanity , impugns a superintending Providence ? How long is he to rot with the best manhood of Naples in the foetid vaults of which Mr . Gladstone unbolts the ban and bids the rank effluvia reach us even at this distance f Shall 20 , 000 human beings on the southern coast of Europe undergo in these infernal baracoons , such inflictiots of savage vengeance , when a barbarous African traffic is forcibly put down by a special squadron , amid the applause of mankind ? Talk of international rights I recall your frigates from interference with the King of Congo ! Waste not the life of your gallant sons in
a pestilent crusade against the Ferdinands of FernandoFo ; The Bayof Naples calls more emphatically than the Bigbt of Benin for your protective energies on behalf of tortured thousands made equally with the negro in the image of God . ' Is it because the Roman hig h priest abets and blesses his confederate ' s cruelty that you refrain from indignant protest ? When a child was lacerated last week at Is'ington under sacerdotal auspices and sanction , did that appear an extenuating circumstrnce , and did British opinion deem it a defence . Away with this cursed alliance between imposture and inhumanity , blessings and blood , the Whine of hypocrisy ] and the hyena yell of ferocious
vindictiveness . - The speaker proceeded to characterise the part France played in the sanguinary farce enacted throughout Southern Italy , heaping his execration on'the duplicity of its Government , and the personal game of infamous selfishness -which President Buonaparte was . carrying out in the hopes of propitiating the eternal foes of freedom , and so prolonging hiB tenure of an inglorious position . The French cant about the ' throne of Peter , " and its inviolability , he scornfully flung in their face , by reference to Avignon and the surrounding district , of which they had robbed this imaginary " Peter , " and refused restitution . Let them show sincerity
by restoring the palace of the Popes with its huge dungeons , still extant—apt memorials of the old inquisitorial atrocities exercised at their own doors ; what they were relHCtant to tolerate within the French territory , how could they hope Italy would endure : He anticipated for England another Parliamentary session wasted , like that which is now at its close , in hurling back on Rome further aggressive impertinence and arrogant assumptions : and , finally addressing bis countrymen , who were there in great force , touched upon a great variety of national points , which he delivered with cal m judgment and telling effect , concluding amid cordial cheers .
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¦^ LATEST FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE . FRANCE . - . ' . , _ The fetes in Paris to the London deputation on Tuesday and Wednesday , included a ball at the Hotel de Ville , and a grand review in the Champ de Mars , at which the President of the Eepublic was present ; and a new grand opera , expressly composed for the occasion by M . Adam , called Les Nations . " The prosecutions against the press continued on Wednesday . The ' Siecle' was sentenced for a libel on the Pres ident of the Republic , to 3 , 000 francs fine . M . Sougerei Hhegerant , is to be impri . soned for three xnonthB , and M . Jourdan , the writer of the article , for two months .
The profession of a journalist now-a-days in Paris is one requiring no small degree of courage , as the following listwill show : —The prison of the Conciergerie contains at present two editors of the ' Presse , ' three of the 'Evenement , ' one of the ' Peuple / and two of the Mfissagerdel'A 8 semblee . By the previous decision , one of the editors of the 'Siecle' will join them . The Orleanists are about to bring forward the Prince de Joinville as candidate for a seat in the Assembly , at one of the earliest vacancies , following in this the course pursued by the Buonapartists with reference to Louis Napoleon , who was elected representative while in exile .
LiyEHPoor ,, Wednesday . —The United States mail steam-ship Arctic sailed of Friday for New fork withthe usual mails .
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NATIGNAL- ^ ssoOiATIO N O ¥ UNITED TRADES . . T .. S . Dtocoubb ,. E 8 q ., M . P ., President . : EstdblUhtd 1845 . ' . " . . ' ,
"mwosirru . " «« If it were possible for thTworking classes , by combining ; among themselves , to raise , or £ eep up the general rate of wag " , it need hardl ^ QJth ? ^ «« thing not to be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced at > . ¦¦ ¦ . Stuart Mill . ' The Staffordshire Trials are 6 ver . The Judge and Jury , and all parties have played their part , and the Messrs . Perry have performed thier part also : and the Central
Committee of the National Association , through those of their members , whom the injustice of the Perry ' s included in . the indictment , have redeemed the promise they made to the country ; and , through their counsel have justified the only part they took in the affair as being strictly in accordance with law . Against the law of the Judge an immediate appeal will be made to a superior court , because , if that learned personage be correct , then does it become highl y necessary that the working men of this countr y begin to look well into
their position , because the effect of the law , as laid down by Mr ., Justice Erie , saps the very root of all Trade Societies , and is at utter variance with the previous opinion of other highly eminent Judges whose dicta will be quoted as law when the name of Mr . Justice Erie will have faded in the oblivion of insignificant things forgotten . As for the verdict of the Special Jury , the least wo say is perhaps the better . They were either very far before or very far behind every otlrar , person in that court in the quality of common sense . This is the moat charitable
construction to place upon their extraordinary verdict , utterly at variance , as it appears to us , with even the law , as laid down by so partial a man as Mr . Justice Erie , and directly in the teeth of all evidence and facts ) even if the sworn testimony of the Perry ' s would be believed by any man of common common sense or common "honesty , who was present at that trial . ¦" •['¦ . ; . • ¦¦ . We beg to assure our members that we shall not . fail to vindicate ourselves , and our
Association from the mis-statements of Perry . We have already taken steps to do so . He left that court convicted by his own confessions , one of the . moat insincere and faithleBB men in existence , He had the impudence to avow that Ma whole conduct to the London Delegates , to his brother manufacturers , to the mayor and magistrates , and even to his own brother and father , from March to July was a continued series of insincereties . ' .
Whatever may be the result of these trials , as was emphatically said by" an eminent Queen ' s Counsel , wo , the convicted conspirators , ' would not change places with the prosecutors . We fancy we shall sleep sounder and sweeter upon her Majesty's straw , than those bad men on their pillow of down . It is intended to publish a verbatim report of these important trials , from the official notes of the short-hand writer , who was specially retained upon the occassion , where it will be seen that the honour of the National Association suffered no disparagement ; and that had the advice of the Central
Committee been strictly followed throughout the affair , it mi g ht have worn , at the present time , a different complexion . The moral which we hope will be drawn from a careful perusal of the trial by our members will be , that when they entrust their interests to the conduct of the Central Committee , they will have sufficient confidence to be guided implicitly by their advice , and not commence any proceedings , however weli meant , without their sanction .
We apologise for the brevity of this report , but the . all-absorbing events of the last fortnight , and the large encroachment this affair has made upon the columns of the ' Star' will , we are sure , be accepted b y our members as a sufficient explanation . We hope next week to resume or usual communication upon the progress of the Association . . ; .,:,. ¦ William Peel , Secretary . 259 , Tottenham court Eoad .
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THE TIN PLATE WORKERS' PRO-.-. ¦ { . • • ' SE . CUTI 0 N .
TO , THE EDITOR OF IHE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —It ia the duty of all who expect to live by their labour to rally round their prosecuted brethren instantly , and bear them through this legal ordeal manfully and triumphantly . The present prosecution is not again Bt the Tin Plate Workers and the three members of the Trades Committee , but againat the members of every trade who dare to unite for self protection . It is directed against the principle of united labour or combined labourers ; and if tbe prosecutors are successful , they will strike a blow at the trades' unions of this kingdom , which will reverberate from the shores of Cornwall to the hebrides of old Scotia .
If the case is decided in favour of labour , there is not a trade or "workman in the land but will be benefited by it , directly or indirectly . Men of Leeds come forth ; it is your own cause . Birmingham , Liverpool , Sheffield , Glasgow , Dundee , Aberdeen , and Edinburgh , rally round your fellow labourers who have been marked out as victims by purse-proud
tyranny . . Men of the trades of Lancashire , a deputy from the Defence Committee in London ia now in Manchester , and will shortly visit your localities . Bestir yourselves , and send your correspondence and addresses to Mr . Burn , at Mr . White ' s , Railway Inn , Deansgate , Manchester , . Yours ,, on behalf of the MancbesterDefence Committee , : . T . Dickinson .
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Manchester . —Tin-plate Workers' Conspiracy Cask . —Tbe Maclioster Defence Committee held a special meeting at Mr . "White ' s the Railway Inn , when a number of delegates from tbe Trades assembled , and resolutions were adopted for calling an aggregate meeting Of delegates of all the Manchester Trades , to advise what are the best measures tbat can be adopted to aid and support the Tin-plate Workers' Conspiracy case , to take place on Monday evening , AuguBt 11 th , at Mr . White ' s , Railway fan , Deansgate , Manchester .
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MANCHESTER DEFENCE COMMITTEE . Brethren and Fbhow Tradesmen , —The cause of justice and right has been trampled upon in the late Tin-plate Workers' Trial at Stafford ; and if , in reality , the law is in accordance with the decision there , "then farewell—a long farewell "—to all protection for the hard-working honest toiling man . If the Stafford decision is the law , we should say , let those v ? ho make euch laws make their own clothes , build their own houses , and grow their own corn for there is i : o Bafety , security , or encouragement for tke tradesman , artisan , or labourer in Great Britain ; and the sooner we all leave the ihores of Old Albion the better ; and then , as Franklin says , " when the wellis dry some folk will know the worth of the water . " Men mav
combine to keep up the price of coals or cottoncorn or land-things produced under the earth or above its surface , but the nioment the poor producer agrees with his fellow to shield himself from the aggressions of purse-proud capital , that moment he is aviliian , a felon , and a conspirator against tlie peace qf our Sovereign Lady , the Queen , and the dignity of her Crown and government , &c , & < s . Amen . This is justice with a vengeance . But , however , the Trades' and Defence Committee are not taken by surprise , but , like prudent and practical men , they had already provided that , under the circumstances the question of workmen having a right ; to advise and unite with each other , should be finally settled , beyond doubt or suspicion , and that by the highest legal authority of the realm , no matter what labour or expense it should cost . .
Tho cause , then , though lost at Stafford , will be revived fresher than ever at the Queen ' s Bench ; and even failing there ; the House of Peers will be appealed to ; and above all , to make matters doubly
cute , tho ' trorkmgmen and the oommon seneeand common interest of all who have to live by the labour of their own hands , will be stirred up in the cause of right and justice , until we create such a powerful phalanx of public opinion , that the law—if it is , in its true interpretation , unfavourable to our unions and associations for mutual protection and defence—shall be so altered and changed , that the poor man ' s labour shall find the same protection as the rioh man ' s capital . Fellow workmen , in your various towns and villages throughout the Kingdom , impress and propose to your various societies the urgent necessity of contributing to tho defence of the Wolverhampton Tin-plate Workers , and in defence of Labour throughout the Kingdom , Yours , in behalf of The Manchester Eefence Committee , E . B . Warner , Chairman . Manchester , August 2 nd .
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AN APPEAL OF THE LEEDS SILK DRESSERS TO THE PUBLIC IN GENERAL , AND TO TRADES' SOCIETIES IN PARTICULAR . Tho Silk Dressers of Leeds ( late in the employ Of MeSBrB . Doldfoi'th and Son ) in appealing for the sympathy and support of their fellow-labourers throughout the country , are desirous that the following facts should bo carefully perused by evcay one who respects the interests of lebour , and the right Of working men to unite together for the purpose of maintaining their wages . The faots of this case are as follows : —
About three months ago , the Silk Dressers employed by theabove-nomed firm , to the number of thirty , ( being about two-thirds of the bands employed ) aesolved to connect themselves with the "National Association of United Trades , " * with the view of protecting their present rate of wages . To establish a compact union of tho trade generally , it was considered expedient to issue an Addressf calling upon Silk Dressers in every town to follow the example of the men . of Leeds . The Address was drawn up and inserted in ono of the Londdn
Weekly Newspapers , which by some means found its way to our , employer , who , on reading it , became terribly enraged , and determined at once to crush our infant society . With this object , he discharged eight men , giuing them notice to work out , as being tho leaders in trying to organise our trade . Not content with discharging these men , he wrote letters to all other employers in the trade , branding them as unionists , and giving their names ; so that let the men go where they would , they found themselves proscribed , set down as outlaws , and all honourable employment denied them .
'; Under these circumstances , we are sorry to say , our late employer found willing tools , prepared to sell the interests of the trade ; and barter away the rights of their fellow-workmen . These men took the places of those discharged , at reduced prices and commenced instructing a number of boys , introduced to supersede the men . The other portion of the hands , who had joined the society , seeing the innovations which were being made by the employer , considered it high time to re 3 i 8 t the abuses , and the gross injustice being inflicted upon them , resolved to give . notice to quit their employment ; they did so , and sivteen more are now out of work , which , together with the oight discharged , makes twenty-four . Two , however , out of this number have obtained work with a more honourable
employer , who , to his credit , refused to become a party to such monstrous tyranny ; and two more have left the land of their birth , to seek employment on foreign , but , we tope , more hospitable shores . Such is a portion of our case ; but worse remains to be told . We have been cruelly daalt with—discharged from our work for being Union men ; , proscribed through the whole trade , and grossly insulted by the presentation of an infamous document of which the following is the substance : — " That wo do solemnly declare and affirm to have withdrawn from the Society of Silk Dressers , in connexion with the National Association of United Trades , and from all and every other similar association . And , further , that we do solemnly affirm that we will not aid or encourage any bucIi societies , or any combination of men
whatsoever . " By signing so degrading a document we can obtain employment . But , thank God , we have moral courage sufficient to resist the foul temptation to sell by wholsale our right of Association . We arc Englishmen , and prize our liberty too highly to renounoo it for- the privilege of toiling for our daily bread . "We cannot sign away our birthright to gratify the caprice of capital , or to increase the luxury and wealth of those who fatten upon oiir industry , while we become poor and penniless . We respect labour too much to sacrifice its interests , and we feel confident , that in vindicating our ri ghts , and appealing to the lovers of justice and humanity for aBBistance , to aid us in resisting this direful aggression , wo shall meet with that sympathy and support our case merits .
In conclusion , we ave sevry that our peaceful efforts : to protect our labour should have been so greatly misunderstood by our late employer , and aB a consequence have placed us in our present position . ; We have no desire but to see the employer and the employed harmoniously co-operating together—their interests should be one , and both should ever strive mutually to respect and conserve each other ' s rights . We do not wish to dictate to employers what they shall pay for labour , atthe same time , we are not prepared to surrender our manhood , and become the bound slaves of . any who
choose to lord it over unprotected industry , or unconditionally to sign away the only privilege we have left us—the right of associating together to paevent onr wages from being reduced . We conceive that our case directly affects the atabilitity and the very existence of Trades' Unions , and we have no doubt but that the Trades will li * berally respond to our appeal , and assist us in resisting the tyrannous , unjust , and monstrus document presented to us as tlio only condition upon which wo can obtain employment . . Wo remain , Yours respeotfully , < The Silk Dressers of Leeds .
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* In alluding to this Association , we wish it to be understood that we have but very recently joined tha same , and . according to its rules we must be six months paying members before we are entitled to pecuniary support . Nevertheless , the Central Committee will do all they can to procure assistance for us . t A copy of this Address may be seen at Mr . Charles Wood ' s , Prince of Wales , Bank , Leeds , where any farther information may be obtained : and to whom it > s requested all Contributiens will be iom&rM , and Post-Office orders made payable .
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THE ESTATES OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . TO THE MEMBERS OP THE NATIONAL LANP COMPANY . Brother Shareholders , —] humbly beg to address you through our untiring pioneer—the " Northern Star . " When I think of the many sacrifices you have made in subscribing your hard earnings for the elevation of your enslaved brethren , and that this beautiful estate , Minster Lovell , purchased by your means , should be put up for sale by the mortgagees , caused by ungrateful allottees , I cannot but grieve . As Mr . G . Wheeler , in his
adoref 8 at O'Connorville , truly Bays , they were led on by designing men and pettyfogging lawyers . I regret tbat the original allottees should so have m ' s > conducted themselves , for the sake of the noble cause . I could have hoped better from men professsing Chartist principles , and who were about to set the nation rig ht . In vain did I beg of them to acknowledge Mr . O'Connor ,, and their just dues , believing that through our inexperience we should receive every lenity and not be distressed , for which I received every insult . Let me beg of you , brother shareholders , to give your immediate support tp the National Loan Society , that tbe allotments may be prevented from' falling into the hands of our
enemies . iou would be gratified to see the excellent order of the allotments , formerly held by the ejected members , and now occupied by native countrymen , only let to them by the year by the mortgagees ; yet all is quietude , industry , and frugality , where , a short time ago , all was law and botheration . Such men would have delighted Mr . O'Connor . Brother Shareholders , you have caused this estate to be divided , stock and produce raised to a much larger amount than when held by a solitary farmer ^ and about eighty families , circulating their capital in the neighbourhood , and when I hear the oldest men say
they never saw such crops here before I say you have done much good , notwithstanding the check caused by our enemies . You deserve a nation's praise . You have my humble thanks and 80 lias Mr . O'Connor- for his lenity , which I believe I should not have requited were I not a sufferer from the heaviest afflictions man is subject to , but I still hope to live here , respected by my neighbours , to assist in showing the practicability ©/ the Land Plan and to deserve your good name . Yoars faithfully , C . Willis , an Allottee . Chartervilte , Minster Lovel , near Witney , Oxon .
A Judicial Dictum . —At Stafford , in a crimina case , Mr , Baron Martin , after consulting Mr Justice Erie , laid it down as a rule that when evidence to good character is called by a prisoner , the prosecution cannot bring evidence of a contrary nature to rebut that in favour of the prisoner . A steam tow-boat had been seized by her Majesty ' s steamer Cormorant , in the harbour of Rio Janeiro , on suspicion of having furnished supplies to vessels engaged in the slave-trade . She was taken outside the harbour and blown up .
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COLLISION ON THE LONDON ANJ > SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY . On Thursday morning , shortly after eleven o ' clock , an accident took place on this line , which , although not atttended with loss of Jife , has been productive of serious iujurieB to from twelve to twenty persons . It appears that the Twickenham train , which is started a few minutes before the eleven o ' clock mail train to Southampton , so as to enable it to reach the junction line between Vauxhall and Wandsworth before the mail
train comes up , made a longer delay than usual at the Vauxball station , owing to the unusual number of passengers . The driver of the engine of the mail train , on nearing the curve of the line between Vauxhall-gardens and the station , not perceiving any signal of danger , and heVioving that the Twickenham train had gone on , proceeded without shutting off the steam , which was at the time at high pressure , and the consequence was that on turning the curve , before he could Bhut off tn ©
steam , or reverse the engine , it fan into ihe Twickenham train , at the time the passengers were entering the different carriages , which of necessity caused the passengers to be thrown against each other with great- violence , although the shock of the collision was not sufficient to break or injure either the carriage or tender . The driver of the mail train had by this time succeeded in shutting off the steam , and by the efforts of the breaksman the train was stopped in sufficient time to prevent any serious results .
When the collision took place the most appalling shouts were heard from every carriage , every person believing he was devoted to destruction . In the latter carriage of the train and on the platform the utmost confusion prevailed , and nothing was to be seen for some time but manned and disfigured individuals of both sexes . The authorities at the station promptly rendered every assistance , and the wounded parties were conveyed to the waiting room , Messrs , Wright and several other
medical gentlemen resident in the neighbourhood were soon in attendance , when upon examination they reported that none cf the parties were seriously hurt , although some of the injuries were severe . The friends of several of the parties preferred their being conveyed to the different hospitals , and some were taken home in cabs ; but only one case , tbat of a young lady who had sustained dislocation of the shoulder , was judged sufficiently serious to warrant the detention of the sufferer .
Ab soon aB the accident took place a telegraphic message was sent to the Waterloo station , and Mr . Stovin , the traffic manager , with Mr . Godson , were soon on the spot , and gave directions for the comfort of the injured . Ab soon as the injured parties had been removed , both trains proceeded on their usual journey , the passengers in the foremost carraige of the Twickenham train having felt a Blight shock only .
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The Limerick Election ;—The Ben Father Kenyon , in a letter to the ' Limerick Chronicle , ' asBignp various reasons why he regards the late Limerick election ' asincomparably the moat shameful that has been made in Ireland , and as more shameful than any that can be anticipated from this date to the end of the world . ' Among the rest he says : — 'My third reason is that the electorB have not' onl y renounced or ignored every sentiment and . idea of national
independence , and of civic dignity , but they have resumed , and as far as their insane exertions may avail , rekindled throughout this land of doom the baleful torch : of religious animosity , Whatever may be said , after the lapse of a fortnight , ( for that space often suffices Irish patriots to renounce or ignore the princi p les even which they had sworn to maintain till death faud as for mere word * we often see , them eaten up in half tbe time , so as that no Bingle v « stige of them remains , ) the spirit of the late election was'essentially sectarian . It denied , not alone by implication , but through the open mouths of its -advocatea ,
the possibility of finding in any other persuasion than ¦ the Catholic , an opponent of religious persecution , or at least ot finding one sincere enough to be trusted , or , at the very least , of finding one adequate to the present emergency , It insulted the best Irishman living or dead , ana was calculated to disgust all classes of educated Pro tegtan ts , and to exasperate the less enlightened , £ e « molishing with ignorant fury the bulwarks of religious liberty , which had been raised by wise foresight and patient toil on the only-foundation that can ever uphold them—namely , mutual toleration and mutual truBt—it aimed - at conquering tbe in * tolerance of a powerful government by the intolerance of a paltry rabble ; as if error could bs k & J ? ?" : ^ a ! on e by truth ; as if could be cured b
bigotry y bigotry , and not alone bV chanty ; or as if the Bpint of sectarian strife hfc | ¦ never etamed a page of our miserable annals 1 Z stre ngthenedtheband 8 ofourberedita % pp ? eB V / AgaiHBt the suicidal principle of thia proKS i have on the hustings openl y protested As a L . : thohc priest , as an Irishman * . and a ! a citizerXf I-menck I here again solemnly protest ^ £ i ° J 12 « hfe tt ??^ whloh 1 shaU * w » We you to put 2 'fa * ^ sides renouncing or ignoring S _ 2 ? U d 55 if J ?/ nationa ^ independenol ^ a ^ g . ^ where ^ f . 7 2 / f- / l ° P eilhl ? the nltby ttSSffflP 1 * wnere the fell and fetid ghouls of religioua < a 3 Spti / t H lay imprisoned , never , as was fondly botefctpwWp >>^~> . again let loose upon the land whicbAftey ' . kad ^ - (^ t ^ \ P . ° , l 3 On < jd and polluted so much and ^ # fer ^ -vc 7 ^«^ rv \ sides all this , the electors seemed to m * wn ^ $ 1 &M ® * - > - M jured uj the transaction every sense of ^ iW BSSW ^ - ^ V 3 " '' v'l manhood and personal decency . '' \ ^ p- ^ y ^^> A / ' ^ i 3 f
Fcoroi&Ottiteiwe.
fcoroi&ottiteiwe .
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A BISHOP'S SALARY AND A WEAVER'S IN COME-POLITICAL PARTIES—MR . O'CON KOR AND HIS ENEMIES .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN BTAR . Sib , — It is now more than eleven years since I wrote to the Bishop of London . At that time I showed him the excessive labour we had to perform , ere we could get a small share of the commonest necessaries of life . 1 showed him the cause of our then condition . Little did I think , at'that time , that things would continue to grow worse and worBe , until 1851 . The Bishop of London gets £ 19 , 895 per annum , and a Cumberland weaver gets about £ 11 3 s . 4 d . for a cotton thread , measuring in length about 8 , 203 , 520 yards , which has to be made iuto cloth at the rate of 4 , 160 yardB long and 27 inches wide . . I am only speaking of one-half of the material and labour—namelv , the weft . Now , Sir , I will try to solve a little problem—namely , if £ 11 3 s , 4 u . be equal to 8 , 203 , 520 yards , what is the proportionate length required-for £ 19 , 895 ?
£ 113 s . 4 s . ; length , 8 , 203 , 520 ; £ 1 , 9895 ; Answer—Yards , 14 , 541 , 107 , 200 ; being about 8 , 261 , 879 miles and 160 yajrds perpendicular above the bishop ' s he¥ . I dare not calculate the Bishop of Durham ' s income , and make it into a "long yarn / ' lest I might fall ^ from the top of Jacob ' s ladder into tbat " heavenly place " the Rev . Mr- Wesley spoke about — namely , " Beyond the bounds of time and space , and lose myself in inesplorable darknees . " As we shall soon have a general-election , permit me to make a few hints to the working men : The Protectionists will revive their mock agitations about "Tree Trade . " Beed them not . They are not in earnegt . Their land rent is , at least , of one-:
third more value now than it was in 181 ? . The same amount of money now will buy double the amount of labour it would in 1817 , and tbe landlord class , like all their fellow creatures , are too selfish to change their commercial policy which is profitable to them . Tbe government pensions are of more valuenow than in 1817 . All classeB , except the labourer , are reaping the benefit of recent changes ; therefore , when they raise the cry of " Protection , " heed them not , Weir aim is to divert your attention from your own object—namely , self representation . No man , with a fixed income , is willing to pay more for labour than he ia now paying , consequently , our present Free Trade policy must irresis : ably continue , and the various classes above hinted at know it .
A word or two about Mr . O ' Connor and his ene
mies . - In lSi 2 an ' 43 , a few poor men ( I among the number ) , were sent through the country to agitate for the People ' s Charter . After a serieB of trials the people ' s patience became exhausted with a protracted agitation ( quite natural ) , and many of us found ' it necessary , at tbat time , to retire to our respective callings ( the only honeBt consistent plan we could adopt ) . A 61 was in many parts of England and Scotland at that time , I found it necessary to try many expedients to test popular feeling , touching the real value of Mr . O'Connor ' s political character . I found here and there odd individuals ,
who were vain enough to try . some trifling dodge against Mr . O'Connor , but such parties invariably subjected themselves to popular ridicule , but sot without good reaBons . Those who nave fattened in Mr . O Connor ' s camp , and reclined upon his lap in time of distress , - have not gained much by their treachery towards him and tbe people . Neither ought they to prosper , for Nature is retributive . Humanity has many faults , which it will forgive , but find me a Judas , and 1 will show you his retributive hangman . I am , Sir , obediently yours , Peter Riobv . Upperby , August , 1851 .
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i » * THE HONESTY FUND . T 5 TBS EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN stab . Sib , —I have the pleasure to band over to you 10 s ., as the proceeds of profit on Stars , taken by a ( en Land Members , resident here ; and the request of all is that it be applied to tbe Honesty Fond , to show oar friend , F . O'Connnor , Esq ., that there is vet a few , even in this place , who appreciate his merits , and who would do more if they had more . However , it Bhows what may be done by trifles when put toge ther , as tbis sum is raised in six months on eig ht subscribere © nlyj beside paying for the delivery and other expenses belonging thereto /
. ... . . Also please insert 2 s . more for tbe same fund , from a female Chartist , who pays one penny extra for her Star weekly . I am , sir , Touts respectfully , Gkobge Babnett . 10 , CbapeMane , Hull , Augi 5 , 1852 .: *
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THE POLICE OUTRAGE IN SHOE LANE . The Secretary of State for the Home Department having received a memorial which was unanimously adopted at a public meeting held on Clerkenwellgroen on the 21 st ult ., relative to the death of Win . uogan , transmitted it to the Lord Mayor , who immediately handed over tho document to the commissioner of the City police , with the request that tuat iunctionary would pay the necessary attention to lw The subject of the death , of ¦ Willi am Jlog . in has caused much excitement , especially in the extensive district of Farringdon-without , and the call for special inquiry seems to increase daily . Tho following is the answer of tho commissioner of the city police to the communication of Sir George Grey : — ' TO THE RIGHT HON . SIB GEOKGE GIIEF , BART ., M . P ., HEB MAJESTY ' S PRINCIPAL SECRETARY OF STATE FOR TBE HOME . DErATvTUEST . ' ' City Police office , OM Jewry , London , July 30 , 1851 .
'Sir , —The Lord Mayor lias transmitted to me the me . morial adopted at a public meeting held on Clerkenwell-Rreen on Monday erening , July 21 st , signed L . J . Clancy , Chairman , with a request that I would give my early attention to the sul'ject of it . ( Upon the verdict of the coroner ' s jury being communx-Cited to me , I immediately gare directions -to have the mutter investigated by the inspectors of the division in w ' . Jieh the dpath of William Hogan took place , and tli . it the C j . nstnbles who were examined upon the inquest should report in writinR upon the circumstances as they came under their notice . 'i have the honour to transmit copies ' of the statements mide to me in writing by the inspectors and constables , and to cull your attention to the error in the memorial , which charges polite-constable No . 485 with the alleged offence , no constable tearing that numberbeini ; iii this division , or in any way connected with the subject of inquiry . I presume the constable intended to be charged with tb . 6 iillogou offence to be No . 845 . ' -. 1
1 shall studiously abstain from any remaikseither upon . the direct nature of the charge , or upon the statements (• iyen in refutation of it . because I cannot doubt that you will cause full inquiry to bo made into the circumstance * which occasioned the death of William Hogan . Not having any power to summon witnesses or to enforce their attendunce , or to administer an oath ) or to conduct inquiry in public , the only sure mode of to giving satisfoction i I canonly facilitate the investigation by directing the attendance of all parties belonging to the City police , and which I shall cheerfully and promptly do . ' I venture to suggest that the coronerbe called upon to transmit the evidence taken by him to the Lord Mayor , and that Mb lordship should be re quested to cause an early and full inquiry to be made into the circumstances set forth in the memorial , unless you shall be of opinion that the constable who is directly charged with the offence should be put upon his trial , and the friends of the dec-ased furnished with the means to conduct the prosecution .
' That no delay , nor any indifference to the occurrence , may be attributed . to this office , I feel it correct to State that the inquiiy before the coroner was concluded on the Sth duy of July , and that on the following day I gave the directions before alluded to , and that 1 received the memorial signed " L . J . Clancy " from the lord Mayor yesterday morning , the 29 th . ' I have the honour to be ,: Sir , ' Your most obedient servant , Daniel Whittle Harvet , Commissioner of the City of London Police , '
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1 ^ t 3 , 1851 . . ¦ THE ^ ORCTElp STAE 5
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Ij ^ SraiKSER AJJD FlMLICO ISSTIICHOK . ^" 'is Institute is proposed to lie established f the pnrpose of promoting secular edaca-^ j and the furtherance of democratic props . xj , e prop 0 Se ( i 8 fte is in Upper Tachj ** -slreet , and a plot of ground , admirably ^* ted for the purpose , is already in the poa-^ &a Of working men , on a lease of ninety-^ years . It is calculated that £ 1 , 000 , in * * » y shares , -will be a snfficient sum to I ** tte bnilding ; the shares , £ 1 each , to liable by instalments of not less than C ^ Pence per week per share . Any person j * kke as many shares as he chooses , but •" shareholder alwll atpt ^ i ro Tr . orfl than one of
k ^ the direction its affairs . The Trus-£ are : C . Lushington , Esq ., M . P ., L . jj wwth , Esq ., M . P ., T . S . Dunconfte , $ > M . P ., Mr . D . Walford , Mr . S . Jpwnan , M . ; B . Jennings . The comv £ : 1 Ir - J- Cottage , Mr . E . Hooper , fa . «¦ J . Kearney , Mr . T . Lloyd , Mr . Gl £ - ^ . Pond , Mr . K . HasselL The ij ^^ r : Edward Vansittart Neale , Esq ., % pf ***? l ° g known ^ *^ e advocate of t ^ ication of the working classes . Se-^ r ?* Mr . Edmund Stallwood . Shares , J »* obtained , on application to the Se-* ££ day » at Bridge Bcw Wharf »
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 9, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1638/page/5/
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