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SEPTEJ UfJSK J.O, 1OOX, ' isonri^ "- Sept , .
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KeDiexu.
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tfarims.
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DEAUTIFUL HAIR, WHISKERS, LJ EYEBROWS, Ac, may be, with certainty, obtained
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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by using a very small portion of UOSAL 1 E COUPELLE' 3 I'ARISIAN roMADfi , every morning-, instead of any oil or other preparation . A fortnight ' s use will , in most instances , show irn surprising- properties in producing and curling Whiskera , Hair , &c , at any age , from whatmr cause deficient ; as .-ilso cbcckinjf greyncss , < fec . Forchil « ilrenU is indispensable , lormiug tho basis of a beautiful head of hair , and rendering the use of the small comb un « necessary , l ' t-rsons who have been deceived by ridiculouslj named imitations of this Ponimie , will do well to make ono trial of the genuine preparation , which they will never regret . . Price -is . per pot , sent post free with instructions , &c ., SS , r r £ ell ) n ot ^ "V-four stumps , by Madame COUPELLB , Ely-place , llolborn , London .
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PURE LIQUID HAIR DYE . MADAME COUl'ELLE feels the utmost confidence iurecommeudiugJies LIQUID HAHl OYB , wliicb . is undoubtedly the most perfect and efficient one ever discovered . It is a pure liquid that changes hair of all oloursin threo minutes to any shade required , from light auburn to jet black , so beautifully natural as to defydelection ; it Joes uot stain tho skin , is most easily applied , and free from any objectionable quality . It needs only to e used once , producing a permanent dye . Persons wha have been deceived by useless preparations ( dangerous to tho hea-. i , hair , ( fee ) , will find this dye unexceptionable . Price 38 , Cd . per bottle . Sent post free on receipt o forty-eight postage stamps by Madame Coupelle . James Thompson , Esq ., Middleton . — ' I lv . ive tried your invaluable dye , and find it to answer the highest expectations . ' Mr , J . N . Clarke , Kiffinids , Wexford . — ' Your liquia is a most excellent and immediate dye for the hair , far pre * ferable to all other I have purchased . '
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CUKES FOR THE UN 0 U 11 ED ! HOLLO WAY'S OIxVIMBNT An Extraordinary Cure of Scrofula , or King ' s Evil . Extract of aletter from Mr . J . H . Alliday , 209 High-3 tree ( i , Cheltenham , dated January 22 nd , 1850 . Sib , —My eldest son , when about three years of age » was afflicted with a glandular swelling in the neck , whicb after a short time broke out into an ulcer . An eminent medical man pronounced it as a very bad case of scrofula , and prescribed for a considerable time without effect . Tha disease then for years went on gradually increasing ia virulence , when besides the ulcei in the neck , another formed below the left knee , and a third under the eye , besides seven others on the left arm , with a tumour between the eyes which was expected to break . During the whole of the time my suffering boy had received the constant advice of the most celebrated medical gentlemen at Cheltenham , besides being for several months at ihe General Hospital
Septej Ufjsk J.O, 1oox, ' Isonri^ "- Sept , .
SEPTEJ UfJSK J . O , 1 OOX , ' isonri ^ " - Sept , .
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An Emigrant in Search of a Gobny . By Chakees Rowcrofe . London : Simms andM'Iatyre . The proprietors of the Parlour Library have shown great tact in this last addition to the series of original works , which they hare p laced at the command of the poorer classes , for the email price of one shining .
Emigration has of late years become almost a national movement in its dimensions , as it undoubtedly is national in its bearings and importance ; and any trustworthy information as to the position , climate , resources , society , 'politics , and prospects of the various emigration fields , is peculiarly valuable at the present moment , when the eyes of so many are turned in that direction . :
Mr . Kowcroftiswellknownasa -writer on Colonial subjects . His Tales of the Colonies ' showed an intimate personal knowledge of the gabject ; and the same qualities , together with ite power of telling a story attractively and forcibly , distinguishes his new work , which will hold the reader fast till he gets to the end of it . The framework of the story is admirably suited to carry the hero of the tale to the various wide-laying parts of the -world , though even Mr . Eowcroft ' s fascinations as a story teller , will not prevent a feeling of incredulity , as to the possibility of eo many strange , stirring , and dangerous incidents happening in ihe course of one lifetime , to one man . Bat
without dwelling on this critical objection to the structure of the narrative , it must be confessed that , in other respects , it is well adapted to enable , the author to describe , in succession , the peculiarities of each Colony , with the added interest of a series of personal adventures , and a mystery which will cause many to read the work , who wonld have turned from Montgomery Martin and dry statistical George Mayford , the emigrant in search of a colony , might , perhaps , more approp iately have been termed a son in search of a father , as the one has quite as much , if not more , to
do with his -wanderings . His early recollections leave no trace of the kindly or fostering care of parents . Yet as he grows up there is evidently a steady and continuous provision for his . welfare exercised by his protectors , who take every precaution to be unseeen , nameless , and trackless . After being articled to an attorney , he is , npon arriving at age , pre sentedby the agent , who 1 b the mysterious organ of communication between these unknown protectors and himself , with b 5 x thousand pounds in gold , oa condition that he would never seek to know from-whom it came .
In one of the bags containing this gold there was an inner bag , composed of green brocade relve ^ of an ancient , carious and rich pattern , -vfldch ultimately becomes the clue by ¦ which Mayford , after many Btrange adventures in every part of the -world , is enabled to solve the mystery of his birth . Six thousands in gold appears a pretty considerable sum in the bulk ; hut when Mayford sat down to count what the interest upon it would do to support a wife—already anticipated in his foster sister , Lucy Delancy—he found that it would go but a small way in meeting the expenses of suppbrtiBg a respectable appearance ; while his own profession was , like many others , overdone . While weighing the pros and cons of
the matter , he received an invitation to dinner from a captain on half pay , resident in the outskirts of London , which decided him . Captain O'Sullivan is the type of a large class in this country—men with small meanB and large appearances to keep up . To add to his troubles he has married a lady -who had ' the honour to be a member of a noble family , ' who had nothing but her beauty to recommend her . Her family , of course , as the marriage was against their approbation , took the opportunity to discard her from virtuous and correct motives entirely , which gave them the advantage also of retaining the portion which , other wise , from pride , they w ould have been obliged to ive to her for themselves .
g , The Captain has , of course , a large family ; and , during the shabby genteel and sorely pinched dinner , all kinds of domestic disagreeables manifest themselves to the visitor . The tax-collectors more- especially seem to have entered into a conspiracy to worry the unfortunate Captain . on . that particular day;—• water rate , poors rate , paving and lighting , property tax , Church rate , and Queen ' s tax , follow each other , and all meet with the nsual answer of needy people , « Can't pay to day , call again . ' The Captain contrasts such life as this with that in Canada , where no such
blisters are clapped on the back of the lieges ; and Mayford resolves to go and see Canadahere he meets with a further clue to his parentage , which leads him to the United States , thence to Jamaica , the Cape of Good Hope , 2 Jew Zealand , and Australia . The interest of the narrative is so engrossing , that it hurries the reader breathlessly forward ; and Mr . Eowcroft skilfully avails himself of the opportunities it affords to illustrate the actual condition , mode of life , facilities , drawbacks and peculiarities of each colony . Downing-street rale , or rather misrule , finds little favour in his eyes , and the dialogues in which its policy shrewd and sensible
is criticised , are both . The result of Mayford ' s travels is a resolution to settle in Jfew South Wales ; to . vnich of course he takes Lucy Delano ? , as the head of his future home , after having succeeded m clearing up the mystery of his birth . . As a specimen of the manner m which Mr . Eowcroft contrives to Wend the useful with the agreeable , and to introduce grave discussions in the midst of exciting and marvellous adventures , we take a portion of a conversation at the hospitable and plentiful table of Cap tain O'Sullivan , who has eettled in New Zealand . The topic is the
WAKBKEIJJ SX 8 XEM . «• The principle may be said tobe now established , thatcoucisation is of incalculable benefit to tne mother country ; and tbat the establishment ot colonies adds as much to the general wealth of the nation as it improves the condition of the wdivldnal " "I deny it , " said Miss M'Growler , looking fiercely through her spectacles ; "besides , -when you do colonise , yon never go the proper way about it . Look at tae misery which was inflicted on the poor dupes-who were inveigled out to the south part of Australia , and whenthey got there they had neither food to eat , nor water to drink ; and as to getting their subsistence from the soil , how were they to lire in the mean-time ? Pretty colonisation !"
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11 colonisation may be best effected , " replied the other , "is a question which admits of different opinions ; but , doubtless , not in the way in which that miserable failure was conducted . On this point we must keep in mind the great distinction between iudiacrimiBate emigration and systematic colonisation . Labourers without capital are almost as useless hi a new colony as capital without labourers ; and it is in the due adjustment of the one to the Other that skilful colonisation' exists ; ' and this is a matter which calls for the interference and protection of the home government . The great difficulty of the emigrant , in . his new country , is to get over the first two years—I speak of an
agricultural emigrant—after tbat time he is able to support himself from the produce of his land . It is during these two years that the help of the mother country is wanted . And there exists no doubt among old and practical colonists , if this aid could be supplied by the government , on a large and comprehensive plan of colonisation , that not only wonld the individual happiness of ibe emigrants be promoted , and those general and ultimate advantages be secured to the mother country of creating consumers for her manufactures and markets for her productions , but that the return of the money advanced would be ensured and its interest amply repaid . "
" You approve , then , of what is called the "Wakefield principle of colonisation ? " said Miss M ' Growler . " On the contrary , " replied the other , "I disapprove of it strongly . " "Andwby so ? " said Miss M'Growler , bristling up . " Because I think it unjust in principle , erroneoua in practice , and sure to end in failure in this colony . " " You don't mean to say that you object to the principle of concentration f " - " Yes , I do ; and most decidely . To my mind , the principle of concentration is opposed to the natural principle of colonisation . " " What do you mean by the natural principle of colonisation ? I never heard of that principle hefore !"
" I mean this ; that the natural principle of colo . nisation is not the forced formation of a town to radiate into agricultural settlements , but the distribution of the colonists over the surface of the country , to be afterwards concentrated into towns as their necessities may in time require . It is the country that makes the town , not the town that makes ' the country . On this point I may take advantage of the beautiful theory conceived by Herschel , in respect to ' nebulous matter / to help my illustration . Presuming his theory to be correct , for the sake of illustration , in the regions of space the nebulous matter which is first diffused contracts in course of time into a denser body , and , becoming ooncentrated , forms suns and planets . So , in
peopling the globe , the founders of the future nation are at first diffused over a wide space ; their concentration in towns' is a subsequent process . In order to have room for the grazing of their flocks and herds , they must have space . And not only the grazier requires space ; but in a new country where there are no enclosures , and where the forming of enclosures is a very expensive and difficult process , the till 3 » e farmer requires a wide space for the feeding of the working bullocks and cattle necessary for the conduct of his farm . In old countries whose pastures are laid down with artificial grasses , and fenced in , a comparatively small extent of land is sufficient for the support of their stock ; but in a
new country withont fences , where the herbage , except in particular spots , is scanty , the first requisite for the agricultural colonist is space . Now nothing can be more opposed to the principle of concentration than that necessity . The first * and natural occupation of the early settler in an uninhabited country , or in a country where the inhabitants are in a very small proportion to its extent , is the roaring of flocks and herds . For that be wants space . In order to enable him to graze his flocks , dispersion , not concentration , is necessary . In practice the endeavour of the settler is to get as far as possible away from his neighbour . Talk to him of' concentration' and he will laugh ' at you . What he wants is room for his sheep and cattle . "
" Do you mean to say , then , that there ought to be no town in the colony !" " Quite the contrary ; but I mean to say , that in colonising a country you should have in view not the building of the town , but the placing the colonists on the lands , so as to reader them independent as quickly as possible , in respect to their subsistence ; and as that independence can be obtained only from the land , and as the readiest , the easiest , the most certain and profitable occupation in a new colony is the rearing of sheep and cattle , to my mind the art of colonisation consists in giving free
scope and encouragement to the colonists to disperse themselves over the land , and to engage in those pursuits which are the easiest and most advantageous to them , and which are the readiest means of securing tbat which should be the primary point—the means of subsistence for the inhabitants . As to towns , when they are wanted the inhabitants will make them , as population increases and as the division of labour becomes established , at the times and in the places most convenient for themselves . A town never yet failed to be formed where a town was wanted . " " You forget that your early colonists may buy their food of other countries . "
" With money you may live anywhere ; and where money abounds , there will be no want of supplies of all the necessaries , comforts , and luxuries of life . Bat where is the colonists' money to come from ? It is presumed that they quit their native country because they have not sufficient means of living at home . Certainly it is a part of my calculation tbat the emigrants take out some capital wiih them ; and with that capital I do not dispute that they may build a town , and buy corn and wine of other countries , and live happily enough in their state of concentration , so long as their money lasts . But when their money is spent , what are they to do then ? If they have not taken care to put themselves in a position to provide food for themselves , they must starve . " " And do you think we shall all starve here ?
"I think , '* be replied , " that the expectations which have been formed of the successful results of what is here called the principle of concentration , will be disappointed . All seems very flourishing while the colonists are living on their capital ; but when that is expended , what are they to do ? What produce have they to sell , and where is their market ? And from what resources are they to maintain a costly system of colonial government , with a church establishment , and all the expenses which their forced principle of concentration involvesi ? And with the present high price of land , how can it be expected that emigrants will cross the globe at great cost , when they can obtain lands to settle on , in countries nearer home , at a very much smaller price ?" Why , " said Miss M'Growler , " the high price of land , or as they call it , tbe sufficient price , ' is the very essence of the art of colonisation , as its advocates say here ?"
"A very little reflection , " replied the other , " will show that the much-vaunted principle of sufficient price is sufficient nonsense . I < et us examine it and see what it means . It means this , according to the explanation of those who support it : that by forced and artificial means , the price of land shall be maintained at such a price as to put it above tbe means of the colonist with small capital to purchase it ; and the object of maintaining tbe price of land at that high price is to prevent the labourer from becoming a proprietor of land , and to force him to remain a labourer , and to work for the profit of the capitalist . /
« , firBt , I should like to know by what right you stand between a man -who seeks to till a portion of the earth which no one uses nor occupies , and prevent him from procuring his bread by the sweat of his brow according to God ' s original destination ? God gave tbe earth to man to dwell on and to cultivate ; and by what right do you say to the creature whom God has so created , ' 2 > o ; you shall not till the earth for your own profit , but for mine ! and although there are millions of acres of land uncultivated , uninhabited , and even untrodden by human foot , I will not permit you to cultivate those lands . ' And in or der to prevent you cultivating them , I , having the power , have set such a price on them as I know you cannot afford to pay ; to
this I call a ' sufficient price ; * it being sufficient prevent you from possessing land to till for your own profit , and to force you to be my servant to till the land for mine . And this is called a system ; and herein ia said to consist tbe art of colonisation . ' Instead of being called the ' art of colonisation , ' it ought to be called ' the art of making money for capitalists ; ' and as to the system , it is nothing else than an artful system of slavery . " But the system of large tracts of land being granted to companies for nothing , or at a small price , for tfce purpose of being resold by them to colonists for the profit of the company , n a system which ought not to be passed by without notice . And here it may be asked , on what plea of rigbt or justice does the government interpose the obstruction of a ' company' to the subject ' s
acquirement of land in a colony ? Supposing the government to have tho right to exact any price at all for the permission to turn absolutely useless land in a colony into a useful farm—a right which is questionable—on what plea of right does the government assume to impose a double or a treble price ob colonial lands by granting the monopoly of a Wg& at"l preferable part of the colonial landa to a company , with power to say to their follow subjects : 2 Jo , you shall not cultivate these waste lands till you have paid to us , the company , not onl y the upset price which the government has get unon its own waste colonial lands , but also a further sum sufficient to reimburse us for all our exnenses reasonable or unreasonable , and for all our fobs and all our extravagance , and all the stupidities -which vre have committed from knowingnottung at all of practical colonisation ; and to pay us also
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a Jarge profit on the capital which we have , expended on the undertaking ? ' ¦ " Is not this an injiis ice oh tbe colonist seeking for land to cultivate By what right does , the parent country enhance the price of colonial lands to its citizens by granting a monopoly to a certain number of other citizens calling themselves a . company , and which forces the individual not only to pay the natural price of the land , supposing unoccupied and useless waste land to nave any natural price , but also the increased and artificial price necessary for the profit of a number of individuals , who have no more original right to the land than he has ?
" The injustice of this system is aggravated when the company adopts aa its principle' that the lands , of which it has obtained an unjust monopoly , shall not be sold except at a ' sufficient' price , to prevent the poor colonist from becoming possessed of them ; forcing him thereby , to work for the benefit of tbe capitalist instead of for himself , and by which means the company calculates on making larger profits at the expense of tho white slave who ia thus sacrificed for the advantage of the capitalist and their own " " You are opposed to any systematic plan of colonisation ?"
11 On the contrary , I am a strong advocate for such a plan . All parties , and almost all men are agreed , that , in the present circumstances of Great Britain , with a redundant and rapidly increasing population pressing on the resources of the small extent of soil comprised within the narrow limits of her islands , something must be done to meet the difficulty . Fortunately for Great Britain , in the case of a redundancy of population , she has an obvious and easy remedy in the almost boundless
lands of her magnificent colonies . There the people want land to work on ; here the land wants people to work it . What remedy can be more obvious and simple than to remove her surplus population to the unappropriated and useless land of her colonies , and to enable them by their wealth-producing labour to exchange their present condition of abject pauperism and rancorous discontent for abundance and satisfaction V 11 But think of the cost of such a plan of emigration , " said the captain , " as your suggestion seems to point at . "
• ' I am aware , " be replied , " of tho objection to a large and systematic plan of colonisation , on the score of its cost to the mother country ; but I contend that , although the immediate cost may be great in the first instance , the return of wealth , indirectly , to the mother country , would be , at no great distance of time , far greater than the outlay . Nay , more : I am prepared to show that as a matter of present profit—putting aside for the moment the general gain to the mother country by the removal of a discontented and dangerous portion of its population , and putting aside , also , the moral obligation of society to provide for its members—Great Britain would gain , as upon a
mercantile transaction , by advancing a sum of money for the establishment of systematic colonies abroad , " Doff would you pay the interest of the money expended for that purpose ? " asked the captain . " By a quit rent . —The quit rent of colonial lands would pay an ample interest for money advanced to bring them into cultivation ; and that quit veut , redeemable on certain conditions , would be more convenient for colonists to pay , and more profitable for the motherxountry to receive , than a sum of money paid down , which must necessarily be a small one for the purchase of the land free of Quit rent . " " H o * so ?"
" Thus : —It is the capital which is now exacted for the purchase of land that the colonist wants , to bring tbat land into profitable use ; and it is tho necessity for parting with a large portion of his capital in payment for land , which , checks the intending emigrant from venturing to these distant colonies . For observe , that by taking from the colonist a largo portion of hia capital for the preliminary purchase of bis land , you take from him the means of bringing that land into cultivation —you deprive him of the seed which , if you would allow him to sow it , would enable him , by its produce , to pay you in a short time , and with , Qompa * rative ease , tenfold the Bum which he is able to pay you now . —In the sales of land in the colonies from one colonist to another , the truth of this principle
is acknowledged , and always acted on . In their dealings with one another , credit is always given for two or three years at the least ; because it is known , from experience , that the buyer , by being allowed to expend his capital in the clearing and cultivating of the land , instead of being made to sink it in its immediate payment , is enabled to increase that capital to an amount which enables him to pay from the produce of the soil , which ia new wealth created , two or three times the sum which , otherwise , he would have been able to give for it . " " That is quite true , " said the captain . " Take , also , the case of the purchase of sheep and cattle , " continued the philosopher , "in the Australian colonies . If the seller insists on
immediate payment for bis sheep , he gets , say half-aorown a bead ; but if he gives three years ' , credit , he gets seven shillings and sixpence , or ten shillings a head , and interest at the rate of eight per cent , for his money besides . And why 1 Because the seller allows to the buyer the opportunity of putting his labour into aetion , and of creating new wealth , out of which he can easily afford to pay a much higher rate of purchase money . " " And how doyou apply this argument to the sale of colonial lands ? . " asked Miss M'Growler . "I will reply to you , " said the other , " if you will allow me to do so without interruption ; but I warn yon that my answer to your question will be very like a short speech . "
" Uever mind that , " said the captain ; fire away—we will listen . " "Applying the principle to which I have referred , " continued the speaker , "to the sale of colonial lands by the government , I think it will be seen that the exacting of the payment of the whole sum of tbe purchase money at once is an erroneous system , on the grounds and for the reasons which I have stated . "I grant that by the system at present pursued , the mother country may obtain a present Bupply of money for her immediate uses ; but taking tbat sum of money at the highest , it is a miserable item in the great question of national colonisation . It
may he said , truly , that in doing so she 19 killing the goose for the sake of the eggs ; and experience has proved the truth of this assertion . " For taking the instance of the Australian colonies , it is the fact , that before the sale of lands there was a large emigration to those parts by persons possessing small capitals—a most valuable class ; but since tbe sale of lands has been in operation there has been no emigration thither , or bo small an emigration as not to be worth mentioning . —And in speaking of the sale of lands , I must not neglect to observe on the mode in which sales are effected ; and I must say that , of all modes that could possibly be devised , the present mode—by auction—is the very worst .
" Let me Bhortly trace the proceedings of an emigrant on arriving in one of our Australian colonies . " His first object is to find a spot of land on which to fix himself . To accomplish this , he must travel over many hundred miles of country , and consume many weeks , perhaps many months , in bis search . When he has at last found a desirable tract of land unappropriated , he must give notice to the government surveyor , who , after a pertain lapse of time , often considerable , causes it to be surveyed , for the purpose of having it put up to auction . By the government regulations , three months' notice must be given of the sale of public lands , and at the end of that further lapse of timemaking the whole delay six months or more ,
, the emigraht has the opportunity of bidding for the land , which he had ferreted out , in competition with large capitalists and land jobbers ! ' . ' Now the reasoning of the capitalist and land jobber is thus : — If this man , after a long search and comparison of various localities , thinks well of this land , it must be a valuable lot , and , therefore , it must be worth my while to purchase it over his head . '—The land is put up to such competition at the minimum price of one pound per acre ; and what chance has the emigrant of limited means of getting possession of this bit of land ?—So little , that emigrants have ceased to repair to those colonies ; and the old colonists are beginning to perceive Ihe mischievous effects of the system which
they clamoured for . And why did they clamour for it ? Because , so long as land was to ho ohtained at an easy rate from the public domains , the estates of the old colonists were less saleable , and , therefore , in a money sense , less valuable . But by adopting a system of sale of the public or government lands , they thought to raise the value of their own ; anil so they did for a time ; but the result has been to stop immigration , and to check so far the increase gained
of population ; so that in the end they hayo nothing . For by stopping immigration they nave lost the market for their sheep and cattle , of which the new settlers were compelled to be purchasers . Thus their over-greediness has defeated their own oi ) ic n i t _ "It ' would have been better for them to have trusted to the general increase of value of colonial lands from the influx of immigrants with capuai , and the rise which would have been sure to > taice place in the value of lands first appropriated te ow settlers , near the great towns and in the vicinity 01
water carriage . . ., , "But it is not with reference to the individual interests of the land-owners in the colonies that this great question ought to be discussed , but witu reference to the general national interests , considering the colonies as part and parcel of the British empire . And with this view , there is nnie difference of opinion among practical colonists , as to the impolicy of tbe system of selling lands as at present in operation , both as regards the interests of the colonies themselves ,, and the desirable ouject
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SanftffiP i- * ' em'g r&rt ° n of persons with ffinvthVSf *^* . ^^' - Por my part itlTmLh ! "f u f society t 6 exact payment from uSL So- ° l r vile 8 6 of b ™« wasto and E S Sh i ° f T tion ; ^ d whether society DdicvofSv - ^ 'J ver ? much 1 uestion the ^^ SS ^^^^^^ bbiection tVX * , . there i « at present a popular SSfofon I I 18 latl ? «™« neiit system of H eK ?? r 6 hen ™ 8 Cale > 0 " the ground their bSln / fh exPatriatioa from tbe P ' ° f K t « - ? tho l e who claim an imprescriptible nuJedm , ^ ! f ° the land - But «» re can be SdofiK' l ? r 0 permean 8 Wm ' *•• " « , that , inhe naVt of ^ ? 1 g * V ^ eotion t (> emi gp ^ on cheerful h , Jt ? bourin ? cl ™** > there - would be a to SohiniS ^ tlOn ' ¦ rathep ahearfcy enthusiasm , h « W ? v « £ ? th < l . means and sordid condition of count / y' ttV ^ they are de P re 9 S 6 d in th 6 * country , tor the abundance and inflft ™ n . Wn whint , 08 0 ?
STK 7 ^ P » "B the national To « "n » ons which-form us colonies thafc ^ paL ?/ itain ' tho evil complained of is , S ™ ? M . many ^ habitants to find emoom ^ a ? n 0 H ^ - . v Iand - In the oolonle 8 . « " > <*" to w& ? ^ 't b ^ there are not eno « eh Peop'o t T ^ i ' —* ' The 0 bvi 0 U 8 remedy inthis case is , to remove » surplus population which is starving ?« 7 Jin M ^ to work on , to those land ' s which are lying useless for want of labour to work them , uut why not be content with this vast benefit , without trying to squeeze out from the small means of tne adrenturous emigrants a sum vast for them to pay , but pitiful for the state to receive ?
vynat is the . value of land in the Australian colonies ? Unless man makes them of value by his presence and labour , it is " of no more value to Great Britain than land in the moon . Millions of acres ofland in Australia are lying utterly USelCBB an 1 valueless . There are many ready toraake them valuable , but government saya' Ko ; it is true that those lands are utterly valueless to the mother country , and are likely to remain so ; but before you can be allowed to make them valuable , you mu « t first pay ua a sum of money for the permission to make them , availably to yourselves and to us . ' Is it possible to conceive fatuity of folly more miserable than this !
"Those waste and useless lands might be made by occupation and cultivation a mine of wealth to the mother country as well as to the emigrant . Here they lie , utterly valueless and useless , but ready to return for the labour of man that abundance which nature never refuses to her industrious children . And there , on the shores of Great Britain , stands the labourer—the power of his labour being his capital , which he is ready to apply for the production of the wealth which the and is ready to afford . There he stands , starvation on one side of him , and the workhouse on the other ; but no one thinks to remove him from destitution and crime to employment and abundance . Day after day , and night after night , the legislature toils on to devise for the wretched creature the
means of " coercion and of punishment . To ' that effect a vast expenditure is incurred , and ah unspeakable amount of human misery is inflicted . There are a thousand plans for model prisons for punishment—not a single expedient of a model system for prevention . Political economists and philosophers , and theorists , and visionaries , and Utopians rack their brains for some remedy for the evil , after the evil 18 suffered . No one seems to adyoeate the simple remedy of giving the present pauper and future criminal tho means of putting his restless hands to work . The burthen of their discourse to the starving anH discontented , is ever ' patience ! ' ' patience ! ' The hungry belly cannot be patient . And all the time the fertile lands which invite the hand of man to evolve their exhaustless riches , lie idle , unclaimed and unused ; millions of acres of the fairest and moat salubrious
portions of the earth , remain without inhabitants , while political economists complain of redundancy of population ! : But the expediency of a plan of systematic colonisation is to be urged on oth < . r grounds than those of the general and contingent national advantages which would result from its adoption . Were there no other argument to be advanced in favour of the plan , it may with reason be urged , that the general national advantage consequentially to arise , is argument enough ; but if a more sordid reason is necessary to suit the selfish and moneycalculating spirit of the age , that reason exists . Even on the ground of a commercial speculation , it would be worth while for the state to engage in
colonising its unoccupied lands ; for it mny be proved , that the colonist ? , whom it would plant on them , would return an ample interest for the national capital invested . It makes the philanthropist blush that such an argument should be necessary . . But let us lay aside for a moment all consideration of the sufferings of tbe people ; let us lay aside all calculations of the ultimate advantages to the mother country , of creating populations of consumers for her goods and manufactures i let us lay aside , also , all expectations of ( he saving which would arise by the removal of the poor , of the diminution of the poor rates , and let us confine
ourselves to . th ' e single and simple consideration of laying but so much nation ill capital , and of receiving lorthe outlay so much interest for the money ' , and oh this ground alone it may be shown that it would be a profitable speculation for the nation . " But it is humiliating to view such a noble project in a light so sordid . On the high ground of national justice to the labouring classes of this country , whoare willing to work , but cannot find remunerative employment ; ami of the not less high and moral duty of society to its members , the policy of a systematic plan of national colonisation demands the immediate and most serious consideration of parliament and . of the . country . ¦ . .. .
" The colonies of the British empire present the opportunity of advantageously employing a hundred times tho amount of our present population with plenty , andjeomfort , ana happiness to the individual , and with an immeasurable increase of wealth to the entire nation . The seas which intervene , instead of being a barrier , are really a facility to intercourse ; and independently of all considerations , the encouragement to our mercantile marine , which extended commerce with increasing colonies wouM . produce , is a matter of the deepest importance to the prosperity of a commercial and inaular country . "
We may return to this very interesting work for some of its vigorous sketches of colonial life and trials !
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Tns Sioux Indians . — The Neiv York Tribune of the 25 th ult ., contains a reporoof an . interview of the United States Commissioners with the chiefs of the Sioux Indians , the object of which was to conclude a treaty for the purchase of their lands . The Indians struggled hard to obtain the payment of an outstanding balance of 3 O , O 0 O , (! ols . before the ratification of the treaty ; but eventually they were contented with an engagement on the part of the United States Commissioners , that the matter should be immediately attended to . The treaty provides that— " There be perpetual peace between these Indians and the United States ; that they cede all their lands , but have a reservation fora
home ; that the United States pay them the sum of £ 1 , 410 , 000 dols . ; that the chiefs receive 220 , 000 dols , on the ratification of this treaty ttmt they receive 30 , 00 . 0 dols , for the establishment of schoolhouses and other buildings ; that the remaining sums remain in trust with the United States ' atfive percent , interest , for forty-two years anti that the principal then revert to the United States . That they receive the following . miiuities : —12 , 000 dolB . agricultural fund ; 8 , 000 dols . educational fund ; 10 , 000 dels , in goods' and provisions ; 30 , 000 dols . in cash . Tbe money left to be expended » y the provisions of a former treaty , . it the discretion of the President , is by this made payable in cub .
Redemption Society . —The open-air meeting at Pudsey was numerously attended , and the speakers —Messrs . Green , Avandall , and Henderaou—were listened to with evident interest . Several objections to Communism were stated in as most gentlemanly manner by one of the audience , and teplicd to by Mr . Green in a way that seeme'l highly satisfactory to the meeting . At the conclusion , a vote of thanks to the speakers was carried unanimously . The Redemption Society has no branch at Pudsey , but the Communists there have lately commenced a society with the same laws , called the Pudsey Redemption Society . They have got seventy membera already , andI . arc collecting funds to found a coaimunity in their own neighbourhood . There is not a room in the village which can be had on any terms for
meetings of a really liberal character . This evil the friends have determined to remedy , and they have collected nearly £ 100 towards erecting a suitable building , to be called the " Hall of Freedom . " Two now branches of the Redemption Sooiety have been formed this week at Bradford and Stanningley . The Harvest-homo Festival is fixed , [ to take place in . ' . the . Music Hall , Leeds , on Monday , Oct . 20 th . It will consist ot a tea party , concert , and bnll . Monies received for the week : —Leeds , £ 2 5 s . lid . Building Fund , 8 s . 2 d . Propagandist Fund , 3 a . 9 jd . —J , Henderson , Secretary , 162 , Bnggab , Leeds . Secession op thr Duke of Nohfolk from inE Romish Church . — It has for some time been rumoured that the head of the Catholic nobility had resolved in secodincr from the church of his
ancestors , and that occasional attendance at Crowncourt Kirk , had been instrumental to this end . It is now stated that the Duke and Duchess , with their daughter , Lady Adeliza Howard , have attended nt tho parish church of Arundel , and last Sunday took the saorament . The Xatiojtal Gallery and ti ? e Vehson Collection , —These institutions will be closed for the annual vacation on Saturday next , the 13 th instant , ana be opened . again to the public on Monday , the 27 th ol October .
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AnIkymiubly Augm . Ceremonial . —The prorogation of Parliament . ' An angry cook was seen to-day " blowiug up the fire , because it wouldn ' t burn . Cos . —Why are kisses like the Creation?—Because they are made out of nothing , and all very good . Needles . —The best needles pass through / seventy different processes in the course of manufacture . A QuEitY .--Can anybody tell us whether Cleopatra's was the needle that took the stitch in time that saved nine ?—Punch . It is easier to pretend to be what you are not , than to hide what you really are ; but he that can accomplish both , has little to learn in hypocrisy . Sharp Repi . t . —An inquisitive- priest having asked a young female her name , whilst in the confessional , she replied , with as much wit as modesty , " Father , my name is not a sin . "
To Parents . —Boys that . have been properly reared are men in point of usefulness at sixteen , while those that have been brought up in idleness are a nuisance at twenty-one . A Toast by a Tailor . —A man who has no bills against him belongs to the highest order of Nobill-ity . RKCBBATioN . —IIe that spends his time in sports , and calls it recreation , is like him whose garment is all made of fringes , and his meat nothing but sauces —they are healthless , expensive , and useless .
Thb Schoolmaster Wanted . —The Birmingham Mercury t&ys that the following extraordinary notice [ a posted up in a conspicuous place in a baker ' s shop at Wednesbury : — " peepels vitals Bact ear n b pychts moffins Ansetterer has youshall . ' ? SQUARING thk CiKCLB . —We have long been taught to look upon this problem as a wild job and so it has proved to be , Wyld having performed it b y clapping his . globe into Leicester-square , and bo squaring the circle!—Qateshead Observer . The Westminster Review has been sold to Mr . John Chapman , the publisher . This change will make it the organ of the party to which Theodore Parker , Francis Newman , Proude , Foxton , and Thomas Wilson belong .
Thb Aebibi . Makia . —A man aBked a celebrated balloonist what he would do if in want of refreshment in his aeriel voyage , as there were no hotels . He instantly replied that he should have no occasion for them ; he would stop at some of the " caBtles in the air . " An Unsubstantial Order . — "Do you cast things here ? " inquired a wag , as he sauntered into Hawks ' s or some other foundry , and addressed the foreman . " Certainly ! it is our business . " " Ah I well ! cast a shadow , will you ?" ¦ He was cast out . Drawing thb Lokq Bow . —A poor man in Leeds , who had a gossiping wife , informed a friend of his , " as a great secret , ' that his wife went out of the
bouse every day forty times to gossip with some of her ne ^ hbouK , and that she remained ovxttmo hours each time . ' A Witty Lady . —Ladies are often annoyed by perplexing questions from the male gender , and sometimes they escape from a direct answer by a happy boa mot . " What are yoa making , Migg Knapp ? " inquired a familiar acquaintance of a lady . " A knapp-sack , " was the satisfactory reply . Tight-lacing has completely gone out of fashion amongst ladies in the higher and middle classes , who have discovered that undue compression is destructive of both grace and symmetry . It is amongst young females of the humbltr classes that the practice is now most prevalent .
' Odd Ladies . —The married ladies of Fairmount , N . J ., have organised themselves into an Independent Order of Odd Ladies , in order to be revenged upon their Odd Fellow husbands . Their Lodge is kept open half-an-hour longer at night than that of their husbands . Who takes care of the babies ? How to get a Coach . —Tbe character and stylo of " turn-out , " that a man should sport , depends altogether on how often he has " bust up " iu business . While the first bankruptcy would justify a barouche , the fifth one may hazard a coach and four . Such , we understand , are the nileB laid down in many ot our large cities .
Rather Awkward . —It is a disagreeable fix to be placed in , when you essay a bow to a fair friend , on the opposite side of the way , to have an omnibus obtrude itself just in season for your how to take effect directly In the middle of the crowd of passengers inside , half of whom bow to you in return , and the other half stare in a puzzled attempt to recall who you are . The Chinaman and ms WlVB 3 . —Chung-Attai , and his brace of wives—hia two better halveshave been introduced to the Queen and the Prince at Oaborne . An illustrious , lady was heard to remark that for one husband to have a couple of wives , seemed an odd way of matching China ; very like giving one cup to two saucers . —Punch , BL 0 OMBRISM--THB first APPEAL— ( On this subject . ) Good ladies all , both young and old , Have you heard the rumour , That all your fashions are upset By one called Mrs . Bloomer ?
'Tis said that you must now give o er The flounces and your skirts ; And for the future you must dress Like infidels—the Turks . The pleasure , then , you must forego , Go forth whenoe ' r you choose ; If wet or fine , no dress you'll have To swag against your shoes . Then you no longer can assist Street orderlies in sweeping The paths and roads of surplus dust , And what thereon is creeping . The modesty you so much prize , For ever lost will be , If you tbat dress attempt to wear-Good gracious ! goodness me !•
Then for your rights stand boldly , forth THor yield a single inch , As she intends to take an ell , Or more , from dresses , at a pinch . —G . S . The March of Bloombrism . —The Cincinnati Free Iress states that there are now one hundred and seventy-five American papers advoeating the new style of lady ' s dress . Tns editor eftae Louisville Journal says " he ia in favour of 3 hort dresses ; that he has not much time to spend with the ladies , and , therefore , while with them , he wishes to see as much of them as he can with propriety . "
A young lady reoently appeared at a ball in a neighbouring city dressed in short skirts and pants . The gentlemen admired her neat and comfortable dress , but several ladies accused her of Being immodest . She turned to some of them , whose dresses wore quite low in the bosom , and replied , " If you will pull up your dresses to a proper place about your necks , you skirts will hang no lower than mine do . "—Hartford Times . An editor was married at Boston this month , and has received his bride in Bloomer costume , a white satin tunic , neatly made , fitting snugly around the waist and close up in the neck , the spencer opening in front like a naval officer ' s vest , and
interlaced , a la Swiss mountaineers sleeves flowing , white kids , white satin slippers , hair done ; plain , with a wreath of orange flowers over the brow , and a long bridal veil flowing from the crown Of the bead ovev the shoulders . —American Paper . Is not this too TitUB ?—A few friends will go and tiury us ; affection will rear a 3 tone , and plant a tew flowers oytr our grave ; in a brief period tbe little hillock will be smoothed down , ana the stone will fall , and neither friend nor stranger will be concerned to a ^ k which one of the forgotten millions of the earth was buried there . Every vestige that we ever lived upon the earth will have vanished away . All the little memorials of our remembrance—the lock of hair
encased in gold , or the portrait that hung in our dwelling , will cease to have the slightest interest to any human being . Pukdkstination . —I know an old man , who believed that' ' ^ what was to be , would he . " Ho lived in Missouri , and was one day going out several miles through a region infested , in the early times , with very savage Indians . He always took his gun with him , but this time found that some one of the family had it out . As he would not go withont it , some of his friends teased him by saving that there was no danger of tho Indians—that he would not die before his time , anyhow . " Yes , " said the old fellow , ' but suppose I was to meet an Indian , and hi ) time had come , it wouldn't do not to have my gun , "—N , Y . Nome Journal ,
Potatoh 8 . —The Cottage Gardener says , " Let us add our warning , founded now on years of experience , that there is no plan of preserving potatoes so effectual as storing them in a dry cellar ot out house , in alternate layers , witli dry earth , sand , er coal ashes . It is the most rational mode , even if it had now to be first suggested , for it is imitating as closely as possible the natural mode of preserving the tubers . Our rules are , 1 . Let the haulms , before forking up the potatoes , be turned so yellow as to show that tbe tubers can derive no More nourishment from , the stems . 2 . Fork them up and store them during dry weather . 3 . Let the potatoes , the storing materials , and the store nlaee be drv . ' '
" Kbbp your Bksatbs . "— A stout good looking man . called at the Post-office , Burnley , the other day , and rather warmly accosted the postmaster as follows : — "Awsay / mestur , tbat chap heBn ' t getten that brass yfet . " Postmaster : " What brass ?" " \ Vha that at oi send to Skipton nbaat foive week sin . "—Postttiflster : " I don't know anything about it . Where did you pay it ? " " Wha yo know varra weel at oi paid it here , and oi hav't reaate for't at whoam . "—Postmaster : "What do you mean to say that you still hold the order which you received when you paid the money ? " " Oi hev ' t resate at whoam " —Postmaster : " Well , then , you had better Jose no time , in sending the receip t ; to Skipton . ' ' -- " Wot ? mun oj wndat ; to ' t chap in- a letter ? " Postmaater : Xfifii . ^* ¦ ( JQi ...
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The Frasklin Expedition . —A letter from Cap tain barker , of the Truiove whale ship , giving an account of Captain Austin ' s expedition up to the 1 . 3 th of September , 1 S 50 , has been brought by Captain Ord , of the Tyne , of Berwick-upon-Tweed , which ship arrived at that port on the Gth instant , troui Dam's Straits . From this letter it would . ipiu-av um , the searching expeditions were about to n ? n J " Wl ; garters on the southern shores of Comwallw bl » nd f in Barrow Straits ; the traces Xeadvr . ?/ rn n P ^ on , which hadbeea l ! ^ r " i ? . . aptain Forsyth as having beea
, Haven of the United States ^ Sth ? ^ beyond a doubt the safety of Sir John Franklin' ships up to this j-oint , « hicii was their first winter ( juarters , and during their sojourn at whioh there is not the slightest ground for supposing that any disaster of any description hnd occurred beyond the ordinary c . 'ibuultiea of life among such a number , three men having died of the two shipa' com * panies up to April , 18 i ( S , about which period they would be preparing to push forward on the main object of the expedition .
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; SO > 6 ' J ' OTR' THINKERS / Tafce the spade of Perseverance , Dig tbe field of Progress wide ; ; Every rotten root of faction H urry out , and cast aside ; Every stubborn weed of Error ; Every seed that hurts tbe soil ; Tares , whose very growth is terror—- . p ; g them out , whate ' er the toil ! ' Give the stream of Education Broader channel ; bolder force ; Hurl tho > tones of Persecution Out , where ' er they block its course ; SeeK for Btrength in self-exertion ; Work , and still have faith to wait ; Close the crooked gate to fortune ; jlake the road to honour straight ! Hen are agents for the Future ! As they work , gp ages win Either harvest of advancement , Or the product of their sin I Follow out true cultivation , Widen Education ' s plan ; From the majesty of Nature Teach the majesty of Mas ! . Take the spade of Perseverance ; Dig the field of Progress wide ; Every bar to true instruction Garry out and cast aside ; Feed the plant whose fruit is Wisdom ; Clensefrom crime the common sod So that from the throne of Heaven It may bear the glance of God . Charles Swain .
Kediexu.
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ember 131851 THE NORTHERN STAR .
Deautiful Hair, Whiskers, Lj Eyebrows, Ac, May Be, With Certainty, Obtained
DEAUTIFUL HAIR , WHISKERS , LJ EYEBROWS , Ac , may be , with certainty , obtained
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 13, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1643/page/3/
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