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THE NOSTHEEIUTAE. SATURDAY, SIU' B1^IC Eu 27, 1851
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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_ t . " . ' ilI" 7- > -rrrsSS ^ * ' « nff " rT ' " fr ' ' , f—¦— —— ^ f ^ SS——- ^^ GREAT AND IMPORT ANT BENEFITS , lce AM , CI . ASSBS . rriHS " united Patriots * national benefit society , and X BLUISH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LANI * AND BUILDING SOCIETY , Unitedin acSoiv . EnroUed and Empowered by Act 5 » f Parliament to exte nd over the United Kingdom AGESTS BEttEIBED TO FOBHIOCAUTIE 5 IN ALL PAETS OF CBEAt BBltM * . Ban ? Jew .-The Commercial Bank of London ( Branch ) 6 , Henrietta Street , Covent Garden . Society ' s Office .-No . 13 , Tottenham Court , AewRoad , St . Patxras , London . BAKin , \ flttlAH RtFfT , Founder , Manager , ana Secretary-M * . John Sjiiih , Xtt « n" - S ^ s *„ . Ho * ,- . Lamb and W ^ g&iS * »~ « " - * " * ~* ^ BENEFITS ASSURED IN THIS SOCIETr . in . - » i . i . « * n * if the Benefits in Six Months from his date of entering . The Member Deing Free to Half the Be ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ let £ s . d . £ 6 . d . £ s . d . £ b . d . £ s . d . £ , 8 0 0 15 0 ...- Oil 0 .... 0 9 0 .... 0 7 0 .. 070 n SicknessperWeek .. .. ® o o ' . ' ... 16 0 0 .... 12 0 0 .... 10 0 0 .... 6 0 0 .. 2 10 0 Sea&ofUemte * - - . " fa o o . « 0 0 — - « « ° -- - « ° ° ¦— g ° ° - 3 > eatk of Member ' s Wife or > omwee vj v 2 Q o 0 £ 5 tol 5 0 0 £ 5 tolO 0 0 £ 5 t » 10 & 0 .. 5 0 0 lossbyFire .. From&to-u ^ ^ o fi Q ^ ^ Q ^ Q Q ^ fl ^ ^ & 4 o .. Snperannuation . per ^ e ^^^ - ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ meEntrance Money ( Wlu ^ c ^^ the Dhision PAYMENTS FOR SICKNESS AND MANAGEMENT PER MONTH . 1 st . Dirision . 2 nd . Division . 3 rd . Division . 4 th . Division . 5 th . Division 6 th Division . s . d . 6 . d , s . d . 8 . d . s . d . s . d . IfUnderSOyearsofAge .- | 7 * 1 1 7 1 4 1 1 ; ..... 1 0 Tf TWer-iOyearsof Age .. 2 9 j - ok - i •>¦ "S - * £ ~~ tfUntrisjlSoflge .. 8 o | ...... 3 5 * ...... 1 10 J ..... 1 7 13 * — " If under 20 years of age , no Levies m the Sixth Division . 1 Levies according to the demands on the Divisions per Quarter .
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JHE CHEAPEST AND BEST WEEKLY PERIODICAL EYERrURLISHED . Price One Penny . ITHE LONDON JOURNAL , J . a Weekly Epitome of Instruction and Amusement , has now obtained the largest circulation of any periodical in the world , its sale being upwards of 170 , 000 of each edition—a sufficient guarantee for tbe merit of the publi- ' cation . One of the leading features now distinguishing the Los-SON Jouesal is an entirely new romance , replete with in . i lerest and pathos , entitled 'Amy Lawrence , the Free- jnason ' s daughter , ' a tale which should be read by every lover of the pure and beautiful in domestic life . The narrative is richly illustrated by Engravings in the style of excellence for which the London Journal has ever been . distinguished . There are also now being published weekly a series of articles ; instructive of « Uow to Speak the French Language Without the Aid of a Master , ' with popular aud moral Essays , Scientific Notices , Interesting Details of adventure by flood and field , ' and a Tariety of papers on miscellaneous subjects In the pages of the London-Jouksai , will also be found Engravings of the principal Works of Art exhibited in the Crystal Palace , accompanied by elaborate descriptions . Much care has been bestowed in this department to render ihe drawings perfectly accurate in erery detail , so that tbe LoXDe . v JoDB-VAL may , at a future period , be esteemed a IFOtk of reference of the Great Exhibition of 1 S 51 . London : G . Vickess , 33 j . strand ; and all booksellers in ( he kingdom .
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DR . Cu-LVE&VELL , ON THE PLEASURES OF HEALTH . A series of popular works , 1 ; ., each , by post l £ . Cd . each . ENJOYMENT OF LIFE . 'Health , recreation , and rational use of time . ' CosxESTr . —Early rising ; Spring and Summer mornings , JSxcnrsions about the Environs of London—the P&rks , Janes , Hills , Forests , Fields , High-roads , and othsr pleasant places ; Country Trips and Rambles ; tke Sea ; Xondon at 2 f ight , Evenings at Home ; Music ; the Drama ; « n Eating , Drinking , Sleeping , Bathing , Air , Rest , Ease , Occupation , < tc . n . and nr . JRAG 1 IENTS EROM THE MOUNTAINS . TwoTols . Vol . 1 . —A Visit to the Lakes ; Sketch ofEdinburgh , &c . Vol . 2 . —The Lakes of Killarney ; Reminiscences of B bVu , &c . DOW TO BE HAPPY . Addressed to the low-spirited and desponding . ' DISEASES OF WINTER , On Coughs , Colds Consumption , &c . "WHAT TO EAT , DRINK , AND AVOID . Three score years and ten our course may run . * A popular review of almost every form ( cause and cure ) ef nervously debilitated health and enfeebled constitution ( hat harasses the young , besets the man of pleasure , busin eBS , or study , and embitters old age ; with tables and r ules for the diet and physical regulation of every-day jfe . MEDICAL , JIOIUL , AND F 0 SENS 1 C .
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| Central Co-operative Agency , INSTITUTED UNDER TRUST TO COUNTERACTTHE SYSl'EM OFADULTERATION AND FRAUD NOW PREVAILING IN THE TRADE , AND TO PROMOTE THE PRINCIPLE OF CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION . Crustees—EdwardVansittartNeal , Esq ., ( Founder ofthe Institution ) ; and Thomas Hughes , Esq ., ( one of the Contributors ) . Commercial Fiwn—Lechevalier , Woooio , Jones , and Co . Central Establishment—76 , Charlotte-street , Fitzroysquare , London . Branch Establishments—35 , Great Marylebene-street , Portland place , London ; and 13 , Swan-street , Man . ches er . The agency is instituted for a period of 100 years . Ita objects are to counteract the systen of adultration and fraud now prevailing in the trade ; to deal as agents for the consumers in purchasing the articles for their consumption , and for the producers in selling their produce : to promote the progress ofthe principle of Association ; to find employment for co-operative associations by the collection of orders to be executed under especial guarantee to the customers . A commercial firm , acting under the permanent control of trustees , has been found the safer and more acceptable mode of carrying out these objects according to law . The agency consists , therefore , of trustees , contributors , subscribers , and a commercial partnership . The capital required for the wholesale and retail business having been supplied by the founder and the first contributors , no express call is made at present either for contributions or subscriptions . The capital will be further increased after the public have been made acquainted with the objects ofthe institution , and have experienced its mode of dealing . Customers , after three months' regular dealing , are entitled to a bonus , to be fixed according to the amount of their transactions by the council ofthe agency , consisting of tke trustees and parmers . After payment of all expenses , salaries , profits , and bonuses returned to contributors , subscribers , and regular customers , the general profits ave to be accumulated , part to form a reserve fund , and part to promote co-operative associations . Business transacted wholesale and retail . Subscribers , Co-operative Stores , "Working Men ' s Associations , Kegular Customers , and the Public supplied . The Agency intend hereafter to under lake the execution ef all orders for any kind of articles or produce ; their operations for tbe present are restricted to GROCEUIES , WISES , and ITALIAN ARTICLES , as a specimen of what can be done with the support of co-operative customers . llules have been framed and printed to enable any number of families of all classes , iu any distriet of London , or any part ofthe counfry , to form themselves into ' Friendly Societies' for enjoying the benefit of Co-operative Stores . To be sent by post to parties forwarding four stamps . Particulars ofthe nature and objects of the Central Cooperative Agency , with a Digest ofthe Deed of Settlement , are to be found in the printed report of a meeting held at the Central Office of the Agoncy . To be sent by post to parties forwarding four stamps . A list of articles with the wholesale prices for Co-operative Siores , and a detailed Catalogue for private custo . mers , will also be sent by post on payment of one postage stamp for the Wholesale List , and two for the Catalogue . Particulars , Rules , List , and Catalogue will be forwarded immediately on receipt of ten postage stamps . All communications to be addressed toMAl . Leeheralier , Tfoodin , Jones , and Co ., at the Central Office , 7 C , Charotte-street , Fitzroy- square . V" ORDERS FOR THE ASSOCIATIONS OP WORKING MEN ALREADY IN EXISTENCEBUILDEKS , PRINTERS , BAKERS , TAILORS , SHOEMAKERS , JSEEDLEWOMEN-CAN BE SENT THROUGH THE AGENCY , AND WILL BEOEIYE IMMEDIATE ATTENTION .
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A CORRECT LIKENESS . Just Published , price 3 d ., on superior plate paper , A SPLENDID PORTKAIT ( in Litho-Jj- grapliy ) of tbe Kev . Charles Kingsley , jun ., Rector of iversley , Hants , author of' Alton Locke , ' ifcc , &c . London : John James Bezsr , 'Christian Socialist ' Olb . ee , 183 , Fleet-street , and by order of all booksellers .
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; DACC 0 riPE .-A Curiously Simple - * J Way of Improving the Flavour of every Tobacco , promoting tbe Luxury of every l'ipe , and rendering Smoking infinitely more beneficial to Uealth . Invaluable to delicate Constitutions . Particulars sent Free , on receipt of thirteen Postage Stamps . ° Mr . Schcmatz , 9 , Clifton Street , Wandsivorth Road , London .
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Published on MOXDAY last , For Tins Day , Npmbeh Twesti Two , OF JJOTES TO THE PEOPLE ! ( Consisting of forty columns of close print , besides wrapper , for Two 1 ' s . nce . BY ERNEST JONES . Ofthe Middle Temple , Barrister-at-Law . CosTAiss-. —1 . Trades' grievance ? , ( an exposure of how masters treat their men hitherto unprecedented ) 2 A challenge to the . 'Times . ' 3 . De Brassier . 4 . The Well Being of the Working Classes , a gag for ' Economists . ' 5 . A tllAKTIST 1 OUB , rao . M OBSERVATION'S ON THE SrOT . Chapter L ( . . Poets of England . 7 . The Working Classes of Germany . | 8 . Our Colonies . 9 . Tho Cost of a Title 10 xt-I ^ u ^ o'o ' wsation , li . F » cts in Science . 12 . The £ ig ht Before the Duel , a story from Goetingen . 13 . The Poets Of America , a living gallery . H . Hereward le Wake , the last Defenders of Un Kland . 15 . Richard Strongbow , the first invader of Ireland . Correspondence , etc . N . B . —Advertisements of the meetings of Democratic and Trades' Parties , will be inserted fheeof COBT . Obsesve !—A New Novel , being one of the most exciting works of fiction ever published , will be commenced immediately in the note ? . Numbeb TwENTr Tiibee ( next week ) will contain a Letter from a Manufacturer at Wolverhamnton accusing bis men , and a repl y . V- —KuaBEa One is now mpbisted . with an index of rwLw « ventecn numbers , so classified , that when a more tlmn nn t 0 P , rcnase an articIe ™» ning through qr tre- irirtiS ? i ? Umber " he can in what number he re-* I ?? i - niSOut bu >" in 5 tl ) e whole series . SatLdav r , » wady every MONDAY , for each e , sd » g to ^ S'to ^^™ " ^^^ Waters ^ PubUshed by J . Pavey , 47 , HolyweU-strect , Strand ,
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^—————————i——" the patriot kossdth . The Portrait of this eminent man has been reprinted and is now ready for delivery . It has been pronounced , by persons well a"ble to judge , to be a most admirable likeness . It is exquisitely engraved , and is printed on thick royal Quarto paper . Price only Fourpence . Northern Star Office / and G-. Pavey , Holywell Street , Strand .
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TEE CRYSTAL PALACE . The following Engravings of this unrivalled edifice , are now ready , and may be bad at this Office : — I—View of the Exterior ofthe Building ; a magnificent print—two feet long—exquisitely engraved ; from a drawing furnished by Messrs . Fox and Henderson ; and consequently correct in every respect . Price onlt Sixpence . II . —Proofs of the Same Print ; printed on thick Imperial Drawing Paper . Pjrice One Shilling . III . —The Same Print , Superbly Coloured ; on extra Drawing Paper , and finished in the most exquisite style . Price Two Shillings and Sixpence . rr / . —view of the Interior , as it appeared on one of the most crowded days ; a magnificent Print , twenty-eight inches long , taken from the centre of the Building , showing the entire length , and containing several hundred figures . Pbice Sixpence . The usual allowance to the Trade and Dealers . Omce , 16 , Great Windmill Street , Haymarket .
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In Nos . at One Penny each , splendidl y Illustrated , A HISTORY OF THE DIFFERENT EXPEDITIONS ENGAGED IN THE SEARCH FOR SIR J . FRANKLIN CONTAINING ALL THE REGENT VOYAGES TO _ TH £ POLAR REGIONS . Including in particular the Expedition sent out under the command OP SIR JAMBS ROSS TO DAVIS' STRAITS ANP Of Commander Moore and Captain Kellott , to Behring ' s Straits . - With an authentic copy of the dispatches receired from SIR GEORGE SIMPSON , OF THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY With other important and highly interesting information relative to the Expedition under SIR JOHN FRANKLIN . Compilii frmvavima Offitial Botumnts , and Private Communications , By thb Late ROBERT HTJISH , Esq .
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Now Publishing in N 03 . at One Penny eaeh . By the Authoress of' The Gipset Gini . ' Each Tennt Ndjtbeb of this Novel will contain Sixteen Pages of solid print . T 1 HE TRIALS * OP LOVE ; W OMAN' S ° RE WARD : BY . Mrs . H . M . LOWNDES , ( Late HANNAH MARIA JONES , ) Authoress of ' Emily Moreland , " Rosaline Woodbridffe , ' Gipsey Mother , ' Scottish Chieftains , ' 'Forged Note , ' Wedding King , ' ' Strangers of the Glen ,, ' Victim of Fashion , ' 'Child of Mystery , ' etc . ons'ioNs oy tih 3 wobk . ' AfteralougEilence we again welcome—niost heartily welcome—this delightful Authoress , who comes before us with one of those heart-stirring , soul-exciting Tales , that none but herself can produce . When we say that the Tbials of Love equals anything that this fascinating writer has yet produced , we are uttering the highest praise that can be giveu . ' ' We rise from the perusal of this delightful narrative with feelings of mingled pleasure and pain . The early part of the volume , which details the sad history of Amy Mortimer , excites the sympathy of the reader to a painful dcgrcei The hapless girl , friendless and enthusiastic , forms an imprudent union , from which springs a chain of sorrows which the Authoress works into a narrative of surpassing pathos . Happily as all ultimately ends , we must confess that regret for the fate of the unhappy Ann Mortimer is the predominant feeling iu our mind at the close of this most interestltig tale . ' Welcome as the flowers in spring is a new work by HAHNAn Maru Jones . —There is no living Authoress to whom the public is indebted for so large a share of innocent and moral reading as to Hannah JIaria Jones . Finely as her plot is woven , exquisitely as her characters are delineated , this Authoress never loses Eight of the moral which it is her object to inculcate . The steps of Amy Mortimer—surrounded as she is by temptations and difficulties , and great as are some of the errors into which her youth and inexperience lead her—never once depart from the straight path of duty , and she makes her election to ' do that which is right , ' although her so doing causes the destruction of her own future comfort . ' ' After the deluge of trash—the out pourings of diseased and prurient imaginations—that has flooded the literature of these latter times , it is truly refreshing to meet with another of those 6 imple , pathetic , and interesting tales , which have given a world-wide reputation to the name of Hannah Maria Jones . After a long silence she comes before us with all her early freshness unimpaired , and in her last work— Tbe Tkials of Love—still manifest all those high qualities of head and heart which have endeared her to her readers , and have elevated her aboro all other writers , as one whose every production is replete with truth , gentleness , and sensibility . ' S ^ COLLINS , 113 , FLEET STREET , AND U . L BOOKSELLERS ,
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Just Published , IN NOS . AT ONE PENNY EACH , THE EMIGRANT'S GUlDFfo THE GOLDEN LAND . OALIF ORNIA , ITS PAST HISTOUY ; ITS PRESENT POSITION ; ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS : WITH A MINUTE AND AUTHENTIC ACCOUNT OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE GOLD REGION / AND THE SUBSEQUENT IMPORTANT PROCEEDINGS . In the course ofthe work will be given PLAIN DIBECTIONS TO EMIGRANTS TO CALIFORNIA , OR THE UNITED STATES , OR TO GANAOA ; AUSTRALIA , NEW ZEALAKD , Oil ANS OTHER BRITISH SETTLEMENT . SHEWING THEM WHEN TO SO . WHERE _ TO GO , HOW TO GONo . 1 , and No . 3 , will be Illustrated with RICHLY COLOURED ENGRAVINGS . And numerous Engravings , all executed iu tbe most finished style , will illustrate subsequent Numbers .
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IMPORTANT SOCIALIST PUBLICATIONS ! ROBERT OWEN'S JOURNAL . THIS JOUKNAL ( Published weekly , price One Penny , and'in monthly parts , price Foubpence ) , Explains the means by which the population ol tho world may be placed within new and vary superior circumstances , and provided with , constant beneficial employment , and thereby enabled to enjoy comfort and abundance , and great social advantages ; and the direct means by which this change may be effected with benefit to all classes . The addresses on Government , on Education , to the Delegates of All Nations to tlya World ' s Pair , and on True and false Religion , which have latelj appeared in the pages of this Journal , have been reprinted m the form of cheap pamphlets , and will be found to contain information of the deepest interest . Ihe Eleventh Monthly Part of this Journal is now ready , Price 4 d . Also the First Volume , Price 2 s . Cd . MR . OWEN'S PUBLICATIONS . The following Pamphlets , which have been reprinted from articles recently inserted in < Robert Owen ' s Journal , ' will be very useful for propagandist purposes . LETTERS ON EDUCATION , As it is , and as it ought to be . Addressed to the Teachers of the Human Race . —2 d . LETTERS ON GOVERNMENT , As it is , and as it ought to be . Addressed to the Government of the British Empire . —2 d . TO THE DELEGATES OP THE WORLD AT TUE WORLD'S PAIR . ' To which aro added a Petition of Robert Owen to both Houses of Parliament , and a Letter to the Editors of the ' Christian Socialist . '—3 d . TRUE AN D FALSE RELIGION CONTRASTED , Price Id . The previous more recent works are : — THE REVOLUTION IN THE MIND AND Sro ., with Supplement , 0 s . Cd . People ' s Edition , Is . CATECHISM OF THE RATIONAL SYSTEM , Price Id . FAREWELL ADDRESS-ld . - Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row , and all Booksellers . '
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~ —~ ^——¦ —— ^ " *—NOW PUBLISHING , t ., -nreeklv Numbers , Price Onlt One Penny Each , In Ind flonthly PartB , Price Foubpence Each " ® A * SS % & ^ Zn ! 82 r i TffE ARCTIC REGIONS , or the Lost Marinen , beiDg e CiJhftfter Sir John Franklin , including an account of a Ae Toyages in Search of . the Missing . Ships , both "" tJuetive and beautifully Illustrated with Portraits of sfr John Franklin , Parry , Ross , Beechey , Back ; ViI !! isTCRil'S MORNING DEVOTIONS , for erery Day in tne Ye EVENING DEVOTIONS , for every Day in the Year . iZsTURM'S CONTEMPLATIONS , on the life and lufferingB of Jesus Christ , in Instructive and Devotional ^"" bUNYAN'S PILGRIM'S PROGRESS , with hia DiTHlO "IS-.... . Mirt ITATW TTTin rPt ... T- ! - — «« J TA 1 . ! nn HOLY WARThe Losing and Taking
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THOMAS COOPER , Author of 'The Purgatory of Scicides , ' &c , Dehvebs Orations on the Following Subjects : — The Genius of Shakspeare , as displayed in his 1 Hamlet ;* with Headings and Recitations from the Play , the Music of Ophelia ' s Songs , &c . The Life and Genius of Milton ; with Uecitatious from ! Paradise Lost , ' ifcc . The Life and Genius of Burns ; with the Music of some of his Songs , Recitations of ' Tam O'Shanter , ' ic . The Life and Genius of Byron ; with Readings and Recitations from his Works . The life and genius of Shelley , with Readings and Recitations from his works . Civilisation : What it was in the Past—what it « ff « ctB for Man in the present , and the universal Human Happiness it must produce in the Future . The English Commonwealth : Founders of the Struggle—Coke , Selden , Elliot , Pym , Hampden , &c , ~< Despotism of the King , and Tyranny of Laud—Civil War—Death of Hampden—Battle of Naseby—Imprison-
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EPILEPSY , FITS . FALLING SICKNESS , OR INSANITY . M " R , DOCKRALL wishes to inform all 1 VJL persons afflicted with the above complaints , that he has returned to London , where ho intends to remain for a short time , and also that his address is at the Metropolitan Cha i bers , Albert-street , Spitalfields . where he can be consulted . Personal application is not necessary , A full account of tbe party ' s case by letter will suffice . Mr . D ' s success over this dreadful affliction is so well established as to leave comment unnecessary . Mr . D . would take a male or female partner , the J atter preferred , who would be instructed in the treatment of Epileptics . It would be desirable that the partner possessed a disposition to serve a fellow-creature . All communications , I ' . l * . ; and where answers are required to enclese a postage-stamp . '
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5 To < &oti'e 0 yan&eiu » , M ol . ? r AVltS 0 St > AIloa—U te « ninates on the 11 th of Oo-A our ' n eXT We haTB n ° °° this weekl K sha 11 n PP * ° ZS ^ i T ?'~ V t intelli S e"ce is too old for pub . ucauon , nevertheless , he has oui- thanks . J . II . B . Stamshaw , Portsmouth—We can supply the defi . cient Km . of the 'National Instructor' up to No 18 of w ^ edVpos t ! By Sendi"S Stam *> s th ^ *»» b . l £
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dents , arising out of this subject , which would occupy more than half the space of the * Northern Star' were we to publish them . Each writer has his own peculiar views ; some of which reflect strongly upon the conduct of tbe Directors and other parties connected with the management of the affairs of the Company ; and as the whole would present a mass of conflicting ideas , we cannot see the possibility of any good result attending their publicity .
The proceedings on Tuesday will , we think , satisfy all parties interested in the Company ' s affairs ; in the meantime the adjournment will give to those shareholders who hare not yet registered their names in support of their nominee the opportunity of doing so . From the patient and impartial investigation of the merits of the different candidates by the Master , there can be no doubt that if the shareholders do their duty , the Official Manager , whoever he may be , will receive the confidence of all parties ; if not , the shareholders will have themselves alone to blame .
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ders , and insurrections , at the bidding of tu popular agitator of the day , the rural DomT lation of Ireland might be quietly and pea ™ ably transformed into a prosperous , thriving and contented yeomanry , deeply interested ' in the preservation of order and the improve ment of tbe country , by the strongest of , 11 ties , that of Phopbietorsiiip . On this Doi ,, t we cannot refrain from quoting one sentence from the Proposal , which strongly confirm * what we have repeatedly urged in the column ! of the ' Northern Star' : —
Statesmen , economists , and practical men , uniffl cordially on this point . They see that , althouS Ireland is almost exclusively an agricultu ral conn try , agriculture has never been furnished here with the essential conditions of success-an unreswJ w use of the raw material in which it works and nfect seourity for the enjoyment of its profits jv prietorsJiip furnishes these requisites in themost c ' o » W ) Z manner . And it adds to them an inoxhausttUUv energy and enterprise , which render the hnrnw toil fight . M . Thiers , who saw the result ; "S 5 own country , declares that the passion for pronertv with the personal care and superintendence \ ,, a the complete sense of security which it beYefcs enables the small proprietor to produce ten timo ?'
twenty times , and often a hundred times more from the same surface than it would yield to hired labour " Give a man possession of a rock , " says Arthur Young , " and he will turn it into a garden . The magic of property transforms sand into gold . " It was considerations such as these which prompted the formation of the National Land Company . Its founder saw , with sorrow mid deep sympathy , the oppressed and degraded condition of the sons of toil , alike in the field and the factory . He desired to give them an independent labour field on which tbeyinighi take their stand , and bargain for just and reasonable terms with those who wished to buy their industry or skill . He saw clearly the fundamental principle by which this could Ijg effected , but the means in detail had to bo
ascertained by practice and experiment . In . the pursuit of that knowledge , errors were committed fatal to the immediate success of the plan , but furnishing data to subsequent adventurers in the same direction , and laying the foundation for renewed and more successful efforts . The loss to individuals has been compensated by the gain to the community . Public attention has now been fairl y directed to the subject , and in due time we may reasonably hope to see it perfected in practice by the aid of intelligent men accustomed to ttio management of large and complicated
establishments in detail . "We perceive , with pleasure , that the principle of Assurance has recentl y been brought to bear upon it by parties fully conversant with the practical application of the science of averages . Instead ofthelottery-likeplan of the first draft of the Land Company , or the slow process of locatiug members according to priority , and paid-up subscriptions , subsequently adopted , the principle of mutual assuranee may be applied , and immediate possession given to members conjointly with securities of tenure to the holder and ultimate owner , and the repayment of capital and interest to the
Company . In a future article we may return to this subject , which is one of vital and permanent interest to all classes of the community ; but , in tho meantime , we must conclude by again expressing our gratification at finding the principle of the maligned and unfortunate Xa « tional Land Company adopted by large and influential bodies , and likely , under experienced and practical management , to effect the object of its originator—namely , the creation of a numerous , independent , and thriving proprietory class , in a country which , uuder the cold shades of territorial monopoly ami landlordism , had lost all the essential attributes of national greatness and prosperity .
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THE COST OF IGNORANCE AXD CRIME . On the north bank of the Thames , close to Westminster Bridge , the numerous visitors to London this year may have seen an edifice of large dimensions , covered with filagree work , crochets , finials , turretts , and gilded
vanes , called 'The New Palace at Westminster . ' For seventeen long years have t-Iio builders been at work on that edifice , and at itB present rate of progress perhaps its completion may be witnessed twenty years hence , Upwards of two millions sterling have already been expended upon it , and before it is finished it will , in all probability , cost two or
three millions more . That vast pile of ornamental stone work is designed for the accommodation of the two Houses of Parliament . There from February till August , or later in each year , assemble the Commons and the Lords of Gfreat Britain and Ireland , to make laws for , and to tax the community : a costly process in a costly palace . Thousands of laws have been passed by by-gone Parliaments , and each session adds to their number by hundreds , yet , strange to
say , with all this expense and industry in lavmaking , we have overlooked one very essential portion of our duty—namely , to train up the masses in a knowledge of tue laws they are required to obey . This is all the more extraordinary , inasmuch as it is a legal maxim that a man ' s ignorance of the law is no excuse for his not obeying it . We permit iguorautfl to exist , and then punish it . There are thousands—nay , tens of thousands—of children who are trained up to violate the law by the
most powerful teachers—their own parent i and their daily companions . They learn , from r parental example , that personal violence is t meritorious—from their associates , that to ¦ ^ cheat is clever—and theft , if adroitly «• | ecuted , is a commendable exercise of skill . | g The only disgrace is to steal eo awkwardly ^ and in such a bungling manner , as | to be detected . From infancy they g roff jg up in the midst of a public op iuion : § f
diametricall y opposed to that which pervades p the law-making and law-understamliRg ' p classes . When at last these savages , in ' || midst of a highly artificial civilisation , art : ; & caught and caged for breaking la ws-of ' ¦'' 11 existence of which they were ignorant , and a * : M unable to comprehend the principles enibo « 'ei 1 || in them—they naturall y look upon their pun 1 - * ' ^ g | ment , not as the natural consequences onM j ' { acts , but the canrioinns . nriiel . and unjust * : ' §•
indulgence of our own passions . The » re ^ | spired , not by the desire to be reformed . « ' »• | be revenged . A warfare is waged betj * | society and its neglected , mistrained me" 11 ^ | fatal to the individual , costly to the ll - j | munity . The powerful and coni |> lici >« : > ' . | expensive machinery of law is set in w ° J 1 ( - | hunt the victim of our crimin al neff len ' - | den to den—from the police van to the g- « y from the gaol to the hulk and penal <; # ¦ _ | | branded with the insignia of felony »«« " | j grace . But as fast as one is hunted' | | manacled and subdued , fresh candi" ^ , . | the prison and the hulks present thenu ^ j the ever-recurring sessions and assize- j m
fresh crops of criminals . The stone « ' (} rnvs or the tub of the Danaides are . ^ . of ' our endless and bootless labours to 1 and punish crime . t ] ., . yet-The process is as futile ] as it is coW ^ our wise men persist in it—nay , ¦""* , [[ jui ^ new and spacious edifices that are real : ^ most salubrious and commanding } ' ° ' ^ i the lodging and feeding of criminal ^ philosophically arranged reg imen il » j ; l | l , ni pline . Wonderful is the am ount oi ^ and philanthropy expended on the » ( l ! i ! of the convicted felon . A fiftieth F ^ bestowed upon him before llL , hfi a criminal would ; have con ^ ; ienM into a useful , honourable , honest ' to ^ society , able and willing to do his "
his fellow men . t gof iet : ' For , let it never be forgotten , tb . « ^ p does hold in its own hands the fO « f ^¦ & mining the character and fortune oi flye r of its members . Whatever may ff ^ ' sity in the original capabilities and w
Untitled Article
THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY ^ In another column will be found a full report ( supplied b y a special reporter ) of the proceedings « tho Master ' s Court on Toes day last , for the Appointment of an OffiSl Manager . The appointment , however , wa 7 no made the proceedings having been again ad journed to Tuesday next , the 30 th fnst We have received several very leuethv commutations from numerous L 2 oi
The Nostheeiutae. Saturday, Siu' B1^Ic Eu 27, 1851
THE NOSTHEEIUTAE . SATURDAY , SIU' B 1 ^ IC Eu 27 , 1851
Untitled Article
SMALL PROPRIETORS IN IRELAND .
Mr . Feargus O'Connor was , we believe , the first to propound the principle of buying Land wholesale , and selling it retail at wholegale prices , as a means of creating a large Proprietory Class . In attempting to apply that principle to practice , through , the instrumentality of the National Land Company , he had to encounter the usual obstacles which impede the path of all projectors and inventors . These obstacles are twofold : first , the inexperience of all parties , as to the best and
most effectual method of applying the new principle to practice—and , second , the opposition , calumnies , and misrepresentations of hostile existing interests , and prejudiced ignorance . - How large a share the latter had in producing the failure of the Laud Company we have frequentfy explained . The lega barriers thrown in its way by the Government and its functionaries , together with the continuous abuse and pig-statements of tho Press , were alone sufficient to have produced that result ; but , in addition to these causes of failure , there was the want of data to guide to
correct conclusions , or to the efficient application of the principle itself . That is a want which can only bo supplied by one method the requisite knowledge must be purchased in the dear-bought school of experience , The projectors of new and untried modes of associative action are , in fact , pioneers in the path of progress . They go forth to open up a road for others ; and though they themselves often perish in the midst of their arduous labours , they leave behind them landmarks which ultimately enable those who follow to achieve the
object they had in view . It is the same with mechanical inventions . We scarcely remember any one of the most effective modern machines which has not been perfected literally through , and by many failures . It seems to be a law of nature , thafc we must learn to do right by first going wrong . Tho experience of every inventor and patentee will bear out the assertion . It ig only by repeated trials , mistakes , failures , and renewed efforts , guided by a knowledge obtained from those mistakes and failures , that ultimate success and efficiency is attained .
It is , therefore , not at all wonderful that at the very moment the Land Company is being wound up as a bankrupt concern , the principle on which it was founded should bo making rapid progress in public estimation , and producing most successful results in other directions . Neither is it a matter of surprise that the Press—with its usual inconsistency in such cases—should be busily engaged in decrying and abusing the unsuccessful Land Company , at the same time that ik lauds highly other companies which are based upon precisely the same principle . The Freehold Land Companies , with the limited object of creating a ckaS of forty shillings freehold
voters , have , within the last two or three years , purchased a considerable number of estates on that principle with great and evident advantage to their shareholders ; and we find that an extended application ia now proposed for Ireland , under the auspices of the most eminent Parliamentary and practical friends of that country . These parties have issued a ' Proposal for a Small Proprietors' Society for Ireland , in which the experience of the Freehold Societies ' and the results of , their operations are adduced as a justification of the proposed scheme . From that experience two practical propositions are adduced of the greatest posBi-> le value in social science and to the future
destinies of the labouring classes . First , It is cheaper to buy a thing than to hire it . The annual subscription necessary to be paid to a Building Society to enable a member to acquire a house of his own has been found to be no larger than the rent he would pay during the same time for the bare hire of a house of similar quality . At the end of that time , by paying subscriptions instead of rent , the house becomes his own . The same principles apply equally to the purchase of Land , with this second and additional principle—only slightly operative in Building Societies , but which has
been practically developed by the Land Societies — namely , That to buy an article xoholesale and in large quantities is an immense saving , It was upon this fact that Mr . O'Connor based all his calculations of the success of the National Laud Company ; and although the want of legislation , the imperfect machinery , and the over sanguine anticipations of its promoters caused its eventual failure—the Freehold Land Societies have since demonstrated the truth and soundness of the basis on which that Company was founded . These societies have found on purchasing a large block of
land , and dividing it into allotments for their members , that each man had his particular allotment at about one-third of the price it would have cost had he bought it by retail for himself . The same priuciple , indeed , enters into all commercial transactions : take writing paper as a familiar illustration . A single sheet costs a halfpenny ; buy a quire and you get / our sheets ibi a halfpenny . If you buy a ream you will have ten sheets for a halfpenny ; and if you purchase a stationer ' s entire stock you may have tweMy sheets for a halfpennythis is the result of purchasing wholesale and in large quantities .
This plan is proposed to bo adopted in Ireland by the ? Small Proprietors' Society' at a time peculiarl y favourable for the operations of such a Beoiety . The large diminution of the population within the last three years , and its still continuing rapid decrease by the steady flow of emigrants to the United States , naB put an end to that reckless competition for < a bit of potato ground / which characterised Ireland at the time when Daniel O'Conneli nSln » T - th 0 En S Iisl 1 '™ ™ eight ™ S f 8 " Famine , pestilence , and cholera , j ere terribl e scourges-drastic purg 0 B of ftj foul ( humours of the body politidbut the im ! n ; t - ult of T their ° peralion » . tilt £ L hour has men . Land fallen in value . ConitU nt
fZrfV t , hese two wP ^ and gratii lying facts , we have the Encumbered Estates ' STiK ? T transfei ™ g the lands ? JS d ? ° m the P ° 8 session of men mortgaged over head and ears , to a class of proprietors able and willing to devote capital , enterprise , and skill to their cultivation . Mr . . mansjsll Sir Ralph Howaed , Mr . Pouleti &citorE , Mr . Sadlieb , aud the other gentlemen who have launched this scheme , have a "gat , therefore , to calculate upon the assistance of every true frieud of Ireland , at a tune so peculiarl y favourable for the success or such a laudable and highly beneficial undertaking lllstcad of a rack-rented , halfstarved , idle , discontented , turbulent , and demoralised race of serfs , ready for riots , mur .
Untitled Article
THE NORTHERN STAR September 27 , 1851 . ~ —~ ^——¦ —— ^ " *—
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 27, 1851, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1645/page/4/
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