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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FRANCE . IANKHMENT OF EIGHTY-THREE ftEPRESENTA-1 IY _ _ ZD DISSOLUTION OF THE NATIONAL
GUARD THROUGHOUT FRANCE . On Saturday morning last the following decree appeared nthe Moniteur ' : — rr 'In the ntme of the French people , Louis Napoleon . Preident of the Repuhlic , decrees : — 'Art . 1 . Are expeUed from the French territory from hat of Algiers and o ! the colonies , ( or the sake of ' general afetj , the former representatives of the Legislative Assembly Bfhosa names follow :-E . Valentin , P . Raconchot , A Perdi Rhone ) Colfavro
, J . Burgard , J . . J . Fanre ( du RhoneVP Ch . Gambon , C . Lagtange , M . Sadaud , B . Terrier , V . Hmro ' Cusal , Signard , Viguier , Charrassin , Bandsepr , Savove ' Joly , Comhier , Boysset , Dnche . Ennery , Gnilmt , Hoctatil Michot-Boutet Baune , Bertholon , ScVcelcher De Roue Joigneaux , Labonlaye , Bnrj » , Esquiro * , Madier-Montiau , N Parfait E Pew , Pdleber . Raspail , T . Bac , Bancel , Beliu ( de Bussac ) , G . Dussoubs , Guitar , Lafon , Lama qu / P . Lefranc , J Leronx F . Maigne , Malardier . Mathieu ( Drome ) SS' ^ t ) Ct > Charra 8 > Saint -Fe » e ° . Soaufi
Art . 2 . In the case in which , contrary to the present decree one oftbemdwiduah designated in the first article should re-enter the territories interdicted to him , he may oe transported by measure of public safety [ that is , by decree of the executive power . ]—Done at tbe Palace of the Tuileries , the council of ministers having been heard , Jan . 3 th , 1852 . —Louis Napoleon . ' It Kill be observed that tbe President in this decree , ¦ One of the first issued from the Tuilerie 3 , drops the patronymic designation of his family , and signs himself in ¦ sovereign style Louis Napoleon , The decree is countersigned by De Moray , Minister of the Interior . The nanu-s of the proscribed , as will be perceived , belong all to members of the Monntain .
The second decree is as follows : — Art . 1 . Are from the present moment banished from the French territory , and that of Algiers , for the sake of general security , the former representatives of the Legislative Assembly , whose name 3 follow : — "Duvergier de Hauranne , Creton , General de Lamoriciere , General Changarnier , Baz , General Le Flo General Bedeau , Thiers , Cbambolle , De Remusat , J . de Lasteyrie , E . de Girardin , General Laidet , P . Duprat E Qainet , A . Tbonret . Y . Chauffeur , Versigny . " » ' ' Ar t . 2 . They cannot enter France or Algeria except by vir tue of a special authorisation of the President of the Republic . ' By another decree it is stated , 'That Marc-Dufraisse fireppo , Miot , Mathe , and Richardet shall be transported to French Guiana . '
A correspondent , writing on Saturday , says : —• The « Moniteut" of this morning will stand as one of the blackest records of : the revolution of the 2 nd of December . It contains three lhts of proscription , which may compare in iniquity with the most terrible and vindictive decrees of any era of political revulsion , ancient or modern . The alternate retaliations of the bloodthirsty parties of Marius and Sylla in the dying days of the Roman Republic , the rolls of eminent senators marked down for exile and beggary by Ociavuu and Mark
• Caesar Anthony in the opening of their ruthless triumvirate ; the deeds of the Comitede Salut public in the reiga of Terror , alone can challenge competition with the acts which are announced to us by the " Moniteur . " of this morning . At one fell swoop , without trial of any sort by a stroke of the pen , sixty-six representatives chosen by the nation to legislate for their country , men including talents of the first order in a variety of departments , by one scratch of the dictator ' s pen are expatriated from France , ana" not only this , but are pushed from the frontier with
to . 3 incredible menace that , if they re-enter their country , they will Bubject themselves to transportation . A second list of seventeen representatives , including the most illustrious Freach statesmen and generals of tbe day , are also banished . The government apparently is not so ready to make public the penalty with which these also have been threatened in case of their re-entering the French territory . ; But the most daring violation of all ri ghts remains to be [ told . Five representatives are transported to Cavenne . The
, name which heads this last list is that of Marc Dufraisse . His cnme apparently 13 a speech which he made in the AssemWy , justifying the decapitation of Louis XVI ., a measure ; voted by the statesman who had the chief finger in con-- " 2 ! 2 , tbe C 0 BStitIltWD - proposed by Louis Napoleon to < the French people . The condemnation of these five repre-[ sentativea of the Mountain to the fate of felons in a pesti-; leatial penal colony 13 certainly the most atrocious feature in these iniquitous decrees . '
Besids the announcement of this iniquitous measure of transporting to a penal colony thousands of French citizens , accused of no crime , without form of law , or tml , 13 a circular from the Minister of Worship , ordering a general thanksgiving on this day throughout France while the same Minister has addressed a letter to the Archmshopof Paris , ordering that a Te Deum should be celebrated in all the churches throughout his dioctse , in order to thank God , whose protecting hand has been visibly stretched over France . ' The bishops throughout France navereceived'similar orders . The same letter directs that , according to the intentions of the President of the Republic , and in order to conform as cloaely as possible with Art 8 of the Concordat of 1801 , after the passage , « Domine salvam fac Rempublican , ' that of ' Domme salmim fac LvdoBieum Napoleonem . ' The letter of the Archbishop oi Pans to his clergy , transmitting instructions in conformitv
with these orders , is as dry as possible , and dexterously evades the least flattery to Louis Napoleon . He enjoins the Te Jfiam to ' render thanks to God , and to draw his blessings upon France , and upon the chief who is called to govern her . ' The decree for the transportation , without trial , of the parsons described in the first category mentioned in the * Moniteur , ' is already in course of execution . The first i convey of these unfortunates left Paris for Brest on the i if-n , where the Genereux was waiting to transport them to i t . ayenne . Fifty-five prisoners have been brought from j Orleans to Paris . They were brought out early on the I "m e day into the conrt-yard of the Orleans prison , and mdst of of infantrv
f SSs e as 9 ° - The tr °° ps I l ? t d th ? fms in their PreBence- The ' prisoners were I then marched to the railway , and were bronght to Paris by 5 a special tram . Eighteen of these men are t 9 be trans-I K' ffic S 8 P- « t i ° . Michot , Pereir a , Tavernier , I Cerottean , Tlnbaulr , and Edouard . Another set of pri ' t ' rn aer fCCUSed Of insu"ection at Montargis , were removed £ 1 fZ a £ lU the llth ' * MMtaiffW . and taken to the fort ¥ v-w C ' E I more W 8 r 3 taken U P at Corbeil by the train ^ amenfaT Th th , ef ° rmer and acco ^ anied them to the I same place . The latest accounts from the Gers speak of ^ &r , ^ al 01 ! e - The numbers of those in the i Sent e > P nd 0 mMd Mirandein the same *> - 6 SEVV" *» " * ** ' ** •» very ' large . The 1 S ar « r Pr 0 SCnbed Wb ° haTetaken fli * htis ™*
I ^ n . ihefetS 0 M m ^ e casemates of the forts of Ivry I aiid Bicetre , destined for transportation , are mentioned ' ? l a I aullane « advocate ; Vasbenter , formerly editor of I tae People ; ' and Benoist , shoemaker . These three I Jormed part of the last socialist electoral committee , which I is said to have been considered by the military commissions i as falling under the same category as the secret societies . ; Besides these , M . Beaumont , formerly commander of the i ; republican guard , and all the editorial staff of the journal ' « La Revolution , ' are said to be destined to transportation . e "The military commissioners have drawn up their reports I chiffly from documents of tbe police , without interrogating I the prisoners . Madame Gre ppo , wife of the representative , I aa 3 been arrested , and mue au secret .
I The Moniteur' coutains a decree for the dissolution of I the National Guard throughout France , and tbe reorganisa-I iion of tfai 3 institution upon an opposite principle , so as to I make it an instrument in the hands of the executive power I instead of ihe municipalities . To sura up briefly the changes I made by this decree , hiihsrto all Frenchmen , with certain | exceptions fixed by the law , were National Guards , chose | tneirown officers , and were at the'disposal of tno municipal 8 j authorities of the commnne . Now the officers will be app pointed by the President and the prefects , and none are adp tented to serve except those chosen by the central autho-| ; ^ Jties . In the meanwhile this force , which is placed en-I tirely under the control of the executive , lies at the charge I of the municipalities .
I ^ The swift succession of arbitrary measures during the last g « w days has produced an effect highly unfavourable to the I aew government . The abolition of the device of Liberty , I i-quahty , and Fraternit y , ' and the cutting down of the I < -rees of liberty irritated the pogulation of the faubourgs ; I -he lists of proscription struck terror and dismay throug h 1 tj e 1 upper classes , and excited the deepest indignation in all 1 PJjMi cal circles ; the dissolution of the national guard has i ° . ffended and humiliated the bourgeoisie- Thus the ag ita-I m ° i minds is 8 rown R cneral « and no do" « t the conside-I xme fal 1 which has taken place at the Bourse is the con-I sequence ef the sinister depression which prevails through-I out society . *
I The sews given by the « Constitutionnel' of a compii-I a ^ V note from the Emperor of Russia , received an £ cacial contradiction from the Jfoniteur . ' We are enabled I wgree an explanation of these conflicting statements . It I "true enough that the Czar has written no autograph I \ i J the Pre ^ ident : but a note tas been addressed by I , !*^ eN esselrode to M . de Kisselef , the Russian charge <• affaires at Paris , with instructions to read the contents to i ¦/ Oant -forgot , micitter of foreign affairs , but not to deliver I p' ° py « This note congratulated the President upon the I *« ceess of the coup d ' etat of December 2 ; but recom-
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r « . ? L ' ^ l 0 matiC lan « uage , nOt to . be hurried B rpr T teiBei 8 ares ' finch «» assuming the cetd h ? t eror * The latter advice has bee « ™ yn ™ - we f , ? * JBtwernBBBt , and it was chiefly on this acwetdSotdr' ^^^^^^^ Ths 'Opinion Publiqae' has been suppressed . The immediate motives of its suppression was the appearance of a great deal of the paper yesterday in blank columns , owing 10 tne excisions practised by the censorship . A commissary f called __ r .-a . Ml 1 ln ln fl
opolice at the office of tbe journal to demand the reason of thig exposure of the deeds of the censorship , the wounds inflicted by which are expected to be marked by the insertion of trivial matter of no political interest . I t was signified to the editor that if he wished to avert the suppression ef the paper , he must write a letter to the ministry of tbe interior , promising to conform with tbe requisition of ihe censors . M . Nettement replied with the spirit and dignity which have always characterised his public life , whether as a representative or writer . He said ibat as a staunch soldier of the drapeau blane be could never submit to so
unworthy a capitulation ; and that he preferred to break his pen rather than write under saeh humiliating conditions . In fact , the * Opinion Poblique' desired nothing better than an opportunity of dying sword in hand on the field of battle , as it was enly kept going since the imposition of the stamp at a loss , and its ruin was evident under the new regime . Thus the fairest , most raanly , and talented organ of the legitimists has given up the ghost . The following story is related en good authority : —A soldier deserted during the days of December , and pleaded in extenuation of his offence that he had been a sentinel at Ham , and connived at the escape of Louis Napoleon from that fortress ; and it is a remarkable fact , that the officer before whom this impudent justification of one breach of military dutybyanotherstill graver was pleaded , never dared
to rebuke the callous delinquent for his shameless defencs , but silently admitted the perverse palliation . Thus the grossest offences which have accidentally served as a Btepping-stone for the progress of ambition become interpreted as redeeming merits , and thevoiceof authority which ought to challenge and rebuke abuse is choked by dastardly apprehensions of giving umbrage to corrupt power . Four centuries ago the Lord Chief Justice of England conde mned the heir-apparent of the c : own of thePlantagenets for a misdemeanour ; and his featless integrity was rewarded afterwards by the prince who had been chastised by his impartial sentence . To-day in France an officer dares not punish a deserter , because that deserter winked at the iscape of the prisoner whom he was set to guard , and whom France has now chosen for her master .
It seems the censors are so ashamed of their employment that when the proofs of journals are presented they are merely passed through a slit , behind which the mysterious castigators of the press cannot be descried . This precaution , worthy of tbe old Venetian police , has onl y just been adopted . The military commissions , at first institnted to prepare the indictments of the prisoners to be tried by court-tnartialt are disposing summarily of the accused without trial . It now appears that the trials by court-martial will not take place at all ; and that some 2 , 000 of the citizens arrested for resistance to the coup d ' ttatvWX be transported to Cayenne unjudged . Tbe family Lehon , intimately related to M . de Momy , will , it is said , have 6 , 000 shares in tbe Paris and Lyons Railway . .
It deserves to be remarked that on Tuesday night , at the Opera , the imperial etiquette was punctually followed . One of the most striking features of this ceremonial was that the signal for applause was always given by the President , and then became general . In addition to the 658 , 000 francs already granted , a fresh cred't of 3 , 587 , 000 is opened to the Ministry of Marine and of the Colonies to provide for the expenses oi forming a penal colony in French Guiana . The department of the Hautes Alpes is declared in a state of siege .
When M . Davergier de Hauranne received notice , some days back , that he was at liberty , he went to see M . Madaud , one of his fellow-prisoners , and assured him that he would do all he could to procure his liberty . M . Nadaud thanked him , and added that he had an additional favour to ask of him , namely , to procure him employment when free . 1 Employment , ' said M . Duvergier de Hauranne in surprise . ' Yes , employment / said M . Nadaud , ' for I have a wife and family to support , and now not receiving 25 f . a day , I should be glad to earn as formerly my 1 Of . a day as a superintendent of building-works . ' Tbe Salle de Carton , in which the Constituent and Legislative Assemblies held thmr sittings , has completely dis . appeared . The materials have been sold for £ 1 , 720 . The erection of the building , less than four years ago , cost £ 16 , 000 .
A committee is appointed to examine the propriety of restoring gambling-houses . Twenty thousand new five-franc pieces , bearing the effigy of Louis Napoleon have been issued to the public . A crowd assembled et the doors of the Mint anxious to be early possessors of the new coins . An electric telegraph is to be established between the Palace of the Tuileries and the cabinets of the different ministers , to enable the President of the Republic to commu . nicate directly with the ministers . The effigy of Louis Napoleon is to figure on the postage stamps instead of the female head of the Republic .
It appears that the decrees of tbe ' Moniteur' relative to the proscription of members of the Assembly have produced an impression upon the public so unfavourable to the government , that it has been determined to carry through the remaining measures of transportation , banishment , and persecution , without publishing any future notice as to the facts . . On Tuesday fresh acts of violence on the part of the government , were committed , which have produced a very
bad effect upon the kaut commerce ot Paris . Two wealthy merchants , one a Spaniard and the other a German , in the Quartierdu Sentier . oneof the richest districts of tbe capital , have fallen under the displeasure of the authorities , and have received orders to quit Paris within three months . This respite has been accorded to give , them time for wind * ing up tbe affairs of their extensive establishments . The motive alleged by report for their expulsion is the expression in conversation of opinions condemnatory of the policy of Louis Napoleon .
The * Constitutionnel' publishes the following official returns of the election in the department of the Basses-Alpes ;—Yes , 34 , 215 ; No , 614 ; void bulletins , 81 . The prima f acie inference from these figures would be that the partisans of Louis Napoleon in this department far exceed the average throughout France . The general returns only require us to believe that about fourteen out of every fifteen men in the country have blindly surrendeied their freedom to Louis Napoleon . But ia the Basses-Alpes it would appear that the proportion of Bonapartist enthusiasm is something like 57 to 1 . It might have been thought that if the maintenance of order could anywhere be safely left to the ordinary civil authorities it would be in a district , the inhabitants of which were so nearly unanimous
in support of the government as these votes would seem to indicate . We know , however , that the Basses-Alpes was long the theatre of obstinate civil wsr , and that the votes were taken under the terror of the state of siege , and if any proof were wanting of the utter fallaciousness of the vaunted plebiscite vote as a test of public opinion , it iriiiy be found in the comparison of the above figures with the actual state of things in the Basses-A ' . pes . The same column in tbe Constitnlionnel' slates that the revelations made to the courts-martial attest the frightful state of demoralisation of that department , ' demoralisation' of course meaning anti-Bonapartism . It goes on to say that there was perhaps not a single commune without its secret society , and in many communes in the canton of Manosque all the inhabitants , without exception , were affiliated to them . The number of individuals now arrested in the department is
992 . It further appears , by a proclamation of Colonel Fririon , commanding the state of siege , dated January 5 th , that most of the leaders of the insurrection are still at large and have taken flight . This proclamation goes on in the approved form to sequestrate the property of all absent persons , against whom warrants of arrest have been issued . And , further , it declares that any person who may be convicted of having given money , food , clothing , or shelter to any insurgent will be punished with all the rigour of mar . l / al law as an accomplice of tbe insurrection . Au abrogation of the decree at present excluding the Bourbons from the soil of France has been talked of for some days . It is said that a measure is already drawn up , which will compel every member of the House of Bourbon to make his election between immediate return to France and submission to M . Bonaparte on the one hand , and the Sf questraiion of his possessions on the other .
Tbe ' Moniteur contains decrees appointing to the staff of the Commander-in-Cbief of the National Guard of tbe Seine five majors , four intendants , twelve surgeons , three colonels , four lieutenant-colonels , twenty chefs d'escadron , forty captains , and four to form the jury of revision . The three colonels are Persigny , Bacciocchi ( the President ' s Aide-de-Carop ) , and de Nieuwtrkerke . Girardin is suffered to remain at Paris for the present unmolested . M . de Remusat , included in the same category , has not yet received orders to quit . Certain representatives , included in the first list of the' Moniteur' of Saturday , have not been able to procure foreign pa-sports ; and the Minister of the Interior and Prefect of Police have declared that they have received no orders to give any . M . Pierre Lefranc has , however , been taken out of his bed by agents of police and conducted to the frontier .
The' Pays' says that M . Mathe , one of the ex-representatives sentenced to transportation , made his escape as he was bein * conducted from the fort where he was confined towards the transport-sbip . M . Martin and M . Nichot have been reprieved .
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. r he , f 0 lI ?™? Mpralli-tonhaBbeenfurnisbed by « friend % ^ . ^™?! r ;^^^^ The journals have very inaccurately reDoi-M « ... a « tails of the enlargement of the prisohers 2 III fort 5 Ham . viz ., Genera s -Badeau , ObarearnierT ««* ¦•• si ?* * Colone i . cham - ' »* KBT- ' A'aas were each separately apprised " that they would be 23 it hSof France ; they were asked to which frbntiShey desired ir A r ' ^ passporta in fi «« tious name 3 Tere offered to them . All gave answer that they ZtS against this expulsion they would not quit uflei vfo lence were used against them that consequentl y ^ was not for them to mdicate the frontier towardsVhiJ hey we ? e 0 bo conducted . With regard to their . false passports they rejected them , energetically ^ pressing their opinion of a proceeding so well in accordance witS the hahitV « f life , both civil and political , of the men wbofor the moSeS are governing France . In . spito of the protest of the on soners their removal was immediately proceeded with ? f "! em " » " P laced 'n separate carrion and at
^ . _ . , companied by police agents . General Ohanmrnier- and Colonel Charras wero despatcbed towards Gu-edvain \ r Baza and General Liraoriciere were despatched onetn Cologne and the other to Aix-la-Chapelle , and GenarS Bedeau and Leflo started in another direction At Vile ! ciennes the carriage which conveyed MM . OhanearaierSd Charras was stopped by the local police , who imaeffiha prisoners wero making their escape . After a lonVdehV the agents caused them to proceed on their jonrnev and crossed the Belgian frontier with them . Tho SJonXI having remarked to the agents that they were commit Zl a flagrant violation of the Belgian territory Sd ! E Sf first summons the authorities of Belgium would lend their assistance to the victims of such an abuse of power tho agents replied that they had orders to conduct M Chan gamier to Mons , and M . Charras to Brussels , and to em " ploy violence if those gentlemen should endeavour to withdraw from their surveillance .
The two prisoners for a moment entertained the idea of enforcing respect to the right of nations thus audaciously violated , but on reflection both agreed as to the propriety of maintaining silence . To claim tho support of the Be ! gian authorities ^ would be to raise up a cause of difference between the de facto government of France and the dejure government of Belgium . This event , this pretext for a rupture , for an attack vi et amis , had been foreseen calculated on perhaps . Austria and Russia had perhaps ineluded this trap in the programme imposed upon II . Bonaparte , m order to raise up an occasion for acting against the only . remaining monarchy on the continent whose subjects enjoyed liberal constitutions . MM . Chancarnier and Chavras could not consent to vindicate their rights
at tne expense perhaps of the independence of a free nation . M . Baze , who had rejoined them , and M . Laraovicere , who followed them at a short distance , yielded to the same sentiments . No official protest was therefore mado against the violation of the Belgian territory . But it is nevertheless an established fact that tho prisoners of Ham yielded only to violence ; that they entered into »»« o "P 5 ° r ew ^ M - , ? OBIl P » rt « 5 that they asked for nothing and pramund nothing . They will one day , perhaps , S « K ? t 5 h ? S lltl 0 B -i ° Which they have be n Personally subjected , but they will never forget the shame inflicted on 2 SL C 0 Untry » and ° tbe arniy of which 'hoy were the giory .
GERMANY . There is a cordial understanding between the governments upon the measures to be taken for re-establishing , in the intenor of Germany , a state of things which it is fancied will offer pledgea for durable trar . quillity . It is agreed that the powers of representative chambers must be restricted , the jury abolished in all political trials , and the spheres of the police must be extended . The federal act of 1815 attributes full and entire sovereignty to the chief of the state . Since 1848 , however , a number of parliaments have been called into existence , to avert the substation of republics for monarchies . These have now , it is hoped , answered the purpose ; and , as gratitude is a luxury in which a German sovereign canuot be expected to . todnlgeit is generall
-, y pro posed to do away with them entirely ; or where that cannot be done so easily , to reduce their attributions to a minimum number and weight . The Elector of Hesse was the first who spoke boldly out his determination not to share his power with any popular assembly . Now , it is the policy of all the governments . Austria has not only abolished the charter , but has cancfilled the fundamental rights upon which a great number ol private rights were fonndfid . Saxony has been the first to restore ths whole chambers of estatesfacile instruments of a patriarchal government . Many Thunngian states have followed more or less closely . The Grand-duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin has done tiie same , and findto
s his cost that the chevaliers whom he has restored are the greatest obstacles to the execution of his plans of government , and the firmest supporters of instiiutionaof the middle ages . In the Duchies , of Anhnlt , in vvurtemberg , the Grand Duchy of Hesse , the Duchy of Nassau , and some other states , the old system has been reestablished by simple decrees . A few governments have judged it expedient or necessary to recede by a legal path ; Oldenbur ? and Brunswick are of this number . Prussia as yet remains tbe sole exception ; there the governmmt is not so sure of its ground ; it will hardly venture to abolish the chambers and restore the estates , but the revival of the council of state is dailv expected .
PRUSSIA . —The committee of the second chamber , ap . pointed to consider M . Claussen ' s motion condemning the government for it 3 arbitrary treatment of the press , has made a report unfavourable to ministers . A royal decree has just appeared , restoring the Council of State . The Minister Von Mauteuffel is nominated President ad interim . It is stated that in consequence of the accession of Lord Granville to ihe Foreign-office , and in the hope that the refugee question will be treated by him with other views than those expressed by his predecessor , the Chevalier Bunsen has been desired to withhold the note drawn up for presentation on that subject , and which was identical in senae wiih those of-Austria and Russia .
DENMARK AND TIIE DUCHIES .-A letter , dated Hamburg , January 5 ih , says :- — ' "Various letters received this day from Kiel , annopnee that the Danish government ha 3 at length signified its acquiescence in the latest propositions of Austria and Prussia , with regard to the kind of adminislration to be set up in the two duchies . According to this intelligence the differences between Germany and Denmark are to he considered as settled by the diplomatic mission of M . de Bille to Berlin and Vienna . Each of the provinces of Holstein and Scbleswij ? will have its provincial deliberating assembly , and a special minister for the regulation of the
interior concerns , responsible to the King of Denmark only . The vexus socialis of tbe Schleswig-Holstein equestrian order , and a variety of other relations between the duchies , are to be upheld , and the future possible incorporation oi Schleswig with Denmatk is to be expressly guarded against . In order to arrive at this solution of its differences with Germany , the government of Denmark has had to relinquish , as it will he seen , its favourite idea of consolidating the monarchy ; and as this is also a popular system , much opposition to , if not the rejection of , the convention may be expected in the chambers .
ITALY . ROME . —A letter from Rome contains the following passage : — « I t is said that in his autograph letter to the Holy Father , Prince Louis Napoleon has avowed his sentiments of filial devoleilness in the strongest terras , and dtclares he wili make every effort to put down socialism . It is added that an eminent personage having waited upon the Prince , had a long conversation with him , in which the Prince said to him : " Understand me well ; I am of the religion of the Pope ; I know I aro only here provisionally , but I hope I shall remain here long enough to stifle the two monsters of socialism and of the revolution . "' These words have been frequently repeated in well informed circle ? . '
A letter in the Univers , ' from Rome gives the speech of General Geraeau to the Pope on the 1 st of January . The general said that whatever might happen it woufd always be the greatest glory of the French army to have reestablished the Pope in the capital of Christendom . His holiness , in his reply , avoids all coropliraent to Loui 3 Napoleon , and coldly expresses a hope that the « events which have just broken out' may be productive of benefit to the Christian world . It is stated that on New Year ' s Day a quantity of red liberty caps cut out in pnper were strewed about the streets ; many arrests bad taken place in consequence .
PIEDMONT . —The IntendnLGeneral of the division of Genoa has closed the Society of Mutual Assistance et Lerici , and ha 3 prohibited any future meetings . It is . stated , on the authority of a letter from Gtnoa , that M . Cassabiauca , sou of the ex-minister , is to he sent on an extraordinary mission to Piedmont , relative to the political refugees and the license of the press in that country . , TUSCAXY . —A correspondent says :- 'You will not easily credit the extent to which this ' unhappy country is delivered upto the combined scourges of military and prieBtly violence . Judge of it from two facts which have recently occurred . A young man , who had married a milliner of tho town , had been to spend tho day with his bride in the suburbs . Returning at night , the couple were met and
insulted by three Austrian soldiers , who said that as they ( the Austrians )> ere' the masters of the country , ' they should do what they pleased with the young woman . Accordingly they fell upon the husbaud , heat him into a state of insensibility , and carried the young woman into a field , where she was the next morning found dead . The ottiev case is that of a sick roan , who was dying , when a priest forced himself into tho room , and insisted upon his confessing and reoeiving absolution . The sick man , having some Protestant scniples , objected , and two friends nt his bedside supported his objections . The next day ( Saturday ) the two friends were arrested . They are now in a prison in whioh 800 persona lie confined for liberalism or suspected heresy . '
MEXICO . Five British ships of war have appeared at Vera Cruz , to enforce payment of ' Mexican bonds ;
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¦ . SPAIN / . . ' . . ' ' UtLITABY MTJIIST AKD EXXCUTIOSS . Ob . the ovening of the 7 th , Madrid was not a li'tln alarmed at finding the palace and all the military nosls doubly guarded , and the body of the garrison confined to their barracks . It appears that imrrudent promises of royal largesse had been made to the soldiers—largisse that on account of the state of the public treasury , cannot for the present be granted . Added to this , it appears that some of the officers of one of the crack regiments have been punished for having struck several refractory , or more than usually dull , recruits at exercise . When , on the morning of the 7 th , the ' Gazette' informed the army that all the senior officers , from senior lieutenant to senior brigadier , were to be promoted , and the soldiers to have a year ' s service taken off , their disappointment broke out so much the more violent , that they had been expecting a
dollar a man to indulge themselves with . In every regiment there was more or less excitement , fanned , it is said , by emissaries . In the Ban Francisco barracks some soldiers seized their arms , and , to the terror of the neighbourhood , some shots wero exchanged , and a tremendous uproar took place amongst the military , some of whom shouted Vive la Rcpeb lica . and others broke their arms . "Vigerous measures were taken , the mutineers seized , and on the 8 th inst . were tried by court-martial . Of the number condemned three were sentenced to be Bhot , and the order has been carried . A letter from Catalazud , in Avagon , mentions that there has been a serious riot there , in consequence ot the harsh manner of levying the contribution , and that troops wore hurrying to the place to restore order .
UNITED STATES . By the Europe , which sailed on the 1 st inst ., we have ad vices from America . Public and enthusiastic receptions had been given to Kossuth in Philadelphia and Baltimore . Banquets and speeches followed . Kossuth arrived in Washington on the 30 th ult . The fire at Washington had burned the Congressional Library and part of the Capitol . The loss is estimated at 40 , 000 , 000 dolls . Congress had adjourned for the holidays . Advices bad been received from California to the 1 st of December ; by the Nicaragua route 500 , 000 dolls , in gold dust bad arrived , and there was more coming by the Isthmus route . The United States revenue cutter Lawrence had been wrecked off San Franciaco . Business in California was better .
A fire which broke out in New York destroyed fifteen houses in Division-street .
In the House of Representatives on the 30 th ult . a resolution to authorise the Speaker to wait upon Kossuth and give him a cordial welcome , to introduce him , and to alter the seventh rule so as to admit him to the floor of the house among the privileged , wa 3 rejected . Much wrangling occurred throughout the debate , a majority of the members , it is said , expressing their dissent to the principles of K 03 . sutb . A Maltese cross of gold , containing a portion of Washington ' s hair , and his likeness , bad been presented to Kossutb . Kossuth ha 3 made known his opinion of the coup d ' etat
of Louis Napoleon . In his speech at the Philadelphia banquet , lie averred that the revolution in France was highly favourable to the cause of freedom j it was but the precursor of a general outbreak . He declared that the sacrilegious movement of Louis was the one thing wanted to make the down-trodden masses in the Old World rise in their might and assert their rights .. Kossuth was at Washington . He had visited Philadelphia and Baltimore . The following telegraphic coir . niuuicatioiiE from correspondents of the ' New York Herald' give the particulars of bis reception by the President and Cabinet : —
Washington , Dec . 31 st , 1851 . —Kossutb , accompanied by his suite , was presented to the President to day , at noon , at the White-house , by Mr . Webster . The interview was strictly private . General Shields and Mr . Sev ? aid vsere pre * sent , and Messrs . Hall , Graham , and Conrad , of the Cabinet . —The interview lasted about twenty minutes . It took place in the circular 100 m . Kossuth come out first , and remained alone in the hall for some minutes . He looked very grave , and , apparently , somewhat disappointed . After he was seated in his carriage , Mr . Webster joined him , and they drove away together .
' The President will give Koasuth a dinner on Saturday next . Thirty six covers are ordered . The secretaries , wiih their ladies , in all twelve—three of them belonging to the President ' s family—the committees of the Senate and House , the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House , together with Kosmth and his suite , will make up the number within three or four , and who they are to be has not yet transpired . Personally the President is desirous of showing every attention to Kostuth , but officially , he will be , of course , governed strictly by the proceeding ' s of Congress . ' The reception of the diplomatic corps is tt ) take place an hour earlier than usual to-morrow . Some assert that this arrangement has been made so as to avoid any unpleasant collision between the . despots of the Old World and the apostle of liberty . Perhaps . '
CHINA . The Canton mandarins are purchasing warlike stores in great quantities . A party who has excellent means of ascertaining the real state of affairs , writes , ' Matters are truly alarming ; 1 foel certain that Teen-teh , the leader of the rebels , will be in Canton before the Chinese new year . ' Governor Yeh hits been more than usually cruel during the last month ; and one unfortunato rebel leader , was , horrible to relate , fl » yed alive , us a warning to others 0 f what they may expect , should they fall into his hands .
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It is stated that lately numerous conflicts have taken place in tbe streets of Copenhagen , between ihe hussars of the Guards , and the troops drawn from the duchy of Schles . wig , and many have been wounded on both sides . The Constantinople journals state that as a banker of Galata , M . C— , was returning from tbe ministry of finance wiih a hag containing bills for 505 , 800 piastres , he was 9 topped near the Mosque of Yeni Djarai , by a man who threw a handful of dust in his eyes , and then stabbed him near the heart . His pocket-book fortunately lessened the force of the blow , but before he could put himself in a posture of defence he was knocked down by two ether men , and his bat ; was taken from him .
Accounts from Trebizond confirm the news from Persia of the disgrace of the minister , Mirzi Tagla Khan , and say that it was caused by the discovery of a plot , in which he was engaged , for depriving Persia of the province of Ghilan . The Chamber of Deputies at Athens lias adopted a resolution , calling on the ministry to take measures for putting down brigandage . The journals contain some further accounts of excesses committed by the brigands . The town of the Piiajus is being ueauUfietl , and measures have been adopted for improving ils sanitary condition . M . de Quittenza , an agent of the Sardinian government , was buried , about three weiks ago , at Tripoli in Syria , with all the pomp of the Catholic religion . This was the first time the crucifix and the chanting of prieata openly accompanied a Christian funeral in that place .
It is said that M . de Iiar-wtiTie , wbo 3 e health improves every day , will return to Paris ou the 15 tb . It is staled that M . Thiers is about to publish a pamphlet , under the title ' Appeal to Europe . ' Madame Georges Sand , on her part , is in retirement in the province of Berry , und is at present engaged in preparing ' Memoirs ol her life' for publication . The mother of M . Thiers has just expired at BaiignollcB , where she has long resided on a pension allowed her by her son . M . Thiera was the only child of this lady , although his father had other children by a former marriage . The number of persons who perished by the recent earthquakes in Albania was , according to au official return , 975 ; most of them women and children .
The' Official Milan Gazette' of the 5 th inst . announces that a physician , Paul Flora , has been condemned to death by court-martial , for high treason and revolutionary correspondence ; but that Field-Marshal ltailetzliy has commuted the punishment to eight years' imprisonment in a fortress . The Gazette' of Spain contains a royal decree enacting that the harbour , lighthouse , and anchoring duties to be paid by foreign vessels in Spanish ports shall be equal to those paid by Spanish vessels , when the nations to which such vessels belong confer a similar privilege on Spanish vessels .
In consequence of the happy birth of a princess , the Minister of Public Instruction in Spain , has ordered that a degree of bachelor , licentiate , and doctor shall be conferred gratis in every university—a concourse to be opened for that purpose . Analogous concessions are to be made for the diplomas 0 ? schoolmasters and schoolmistresses . From Canada advices state that the Quebec Artillery Barracks and Ordnance Stores had beeu deslrtmdby fiie on lue 26 th ult . Loss £ 10 , 000 .
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Foreign EGGs . —An importation has taken place from abroad of some cases of eggs in a broken state , and also a quantity of the yolk of egg in a liquid state , both the broken eggs and tho yolk being stated to be intended lor manufacturing purposes—viz ., in the manufacture of leather for gloves . Church Rate Defeated in Shoreditcii . —On tbe 9 th inst ., at tbe close of a poll on the amount of a poor rate for the parish of St . Leonard ' s , Shoreditch , a penny rate for the repairs of tho parish church was proposed and seconded . ' The circulation of a few handbills had secured the attendance ot a number of Dissenters and Radicalsresolved
, to defeat this imposition ; and truly , sayB a correspondent , " Mother Church had a taste of their quality , " Ml \ Bing-Uy proposed an adjournment of tho question for Six montha ; but this was resisted as an evasion ; and another amendment , refusing the rate ,. moved by a young working man named Walker , in an energetic Bpeeoh , and . seconded by Mr . Bogges , was carried triumphantly . A penny rate would have yielded nearly £ 1 , 000 per quarter ; thero are 120 , 000 inhabitants in this immense parish . —Nonconformist . The . ' Lancet "found the flour of all the ordinary dealers unadulterated . The only offenders ' were members of a company established '' to counteract the frauds of baW « : '
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FUNERAL OF TIIE BARON KEMESEY . The funeral of this gallant soldier , the President of tha Hungarian emigrants in England , whose melancholy death , we recorded last week , to the great sorrow of many friends of Hungary , took place on Sunday afternoon in the Kensall . green Cemetery . The name of B . » ron Kemeney , though little known beyond the circle of friends in this country , is a patriot name in Hungary , and especially in his own Transylvania . lie was born of a princely race , but had nobler claims to the respect of his conntvymen for gallant services performed in , tno late war of liherty . The late Baron was a soldier in . early youth , but for many years had been encased in civil service , m \ i \ iTi crig - , g of - ^ on (! e more Cft Ned him to the" ° !;! ; Un < Jer tho great soldier , Bam , he served with much ability , and many pallant feats will ho treasured in tho memories of his companions in arms and countrymen . Kemoney was a true-hearted patriot , and his nnmo will be in-Fcnuou m that clorious list of victims sacrificed to the insatiate pride of the house of Ilapsbuv- " Martyrs in horoio
About one 0 clock ihe emigrants in London , and many English friends of Iluneary , assembled at tho residence of the deceased soldier at Poley-plnce , for the purpose of paying the last tribute of respent . Amount thoro present were LordI Dudley Stuart , M . P ., Count Paul Esterhazy , tount Ladislaus Vay , the ex-Minister Vokovilz . t 0 Rev . Dr . Ilonai—a distinguished ecclesiastic of tho Catholic church in Hungary , exiled for his lovo of fatherland—Col Kiss , Col . Thalcy , Capt . Wekey , late aido-de-camp to ther Governor Kossuth , Professor Newman , Mr . Chas Giloin Mr . Nieholay , &c ' * The mournful procession < lid not arrive at the oemolerr until about four o ' clock . Prior to that hour a considerable crowd assembled in the burial ground , and remained thera in spito of a toroppft . of hail and rain . All senmen" anxious to pay the last mark of respect . Considerable delay occurred after the arrival of the procession before the funorat "
ceremony could he proceeded wit " , in consequence of the number of burial Fervices which tho officiating clergyman had to perform . At length , as the shades of night were gathering , the coffin of the jrallnnt soldier , surmounted by his sha ko , with its whito egret ' s plume , and sabre , was borne into the chapel . The lienutiful service of thechurett . has seldom been read under circumstances more affecting . Many martial countenances , bronzed in the terrible campaigns of Tlungary , t-oro deep traces of sorrow . At the close of the service , the procession re-fovmerl , and proceeded to the eravo . Kight had now fallen , but tho sky was clear , and the evening star shone with unusual brilliance , as the old soldier was lowered into his narrowresting-place . As the earth fell on the coffin , producing that most mournful of sounds , and the officiating priest repeated the words of the ritual , " earth to earth , ashes to ashoa , dust to dust , " a deep emotion agitated the whola assembly .
when tho religious ceremony was concluded , Dr . Ronai ascended a tombstone , nnd pronounced tho funeral oratiortin tho Hungarian language . It was afterwards remarked * as a happy instance of liberal sentimont , that tho oratioa on a Protestant patriot should have been pronounced by a Catholic ecclesiastic . The oration was described by a Hungarian friend as singularly eloquent and touching . It was pronounce . d in a soft , melodious accent . When the reverend orator had concluded his Hungarian ; discourse , he addressed n few words to the English audience . In tho name , of his exiled countrymen , lie thanked the generous Englishmen who had come to perform the last mournful office of friendship to the descendant of a race of princes and heroes of Transylvania , ono who had dono noble servieo to his bleedhie country . Second enly to tho sorrow whioh they felt for the loss of the good patriot and soldier whom they had just placed in hie last resting-place on earth was the sad reflection that , his bones could not
repose with the ashes of his fathers , in the land he loved so well . But , after the beloved fatherland , there was one spot on earth dear to the heart of the Magyar ; it was the blessed soil of England ; for there could man , created in the imago of'God the Father , walk erect in t ho dignity of freedom . "Farewell , " continued the revercnil orator , "farewell , noblo soldier-patriot ! Thou hast fought a good fisht ; tliou hast finished thy course ; thoit hast kept the faith . Henceforth , there is laid up for thee . a crown of righteousness , which the Lord , the Righteous Judge , shall " give at the great day , and not to thee only , but unto all them also that lovo his appearing . " The assembly tlien broke up , and with sorrowful steps left the crave of the exile .
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RosrouRED Objection to Kossuth ' s Return to England . —A Hamburgh newspaper states that the Ottoman Porto ha * addressed a note to the English government , in which it energetically protests' ngftinat tho crfitemplated return of KosbuUi to England , his liberation having taken place , it is alleged , upon the express condition of his permanent residence in the Vnitod States . "Wo rind a parallel statement in tho Vienna correspondence of the " Cologne Gazette . Tub "Brighton Gazette" says that there will bo two Protectionist candidates at the next election for Brightonnamely , Mr . Dav , the magistrate , and Mr . Bovill , the
barrister . Melancholy Occurrence os Boabd Snip . —On Saturday morning a verv distressing occurrence was discovered to have happened on board tbe Clipper belonging to Falniouth , a light vessel lying in tho river Tyne . , at Shields . She has no fire place in tbe forecastle , and in consequence of tho inclement weather on Friday the crew forward , two . men and a boy , took a pitch kettle filled with fire below to warm them . At night the master ordered tnemen to' put the fire out before they turned in , and they promised to do bo , but did not . They slept with the hatch closed , and afc seven o ' clock on Saturday morning , on the mate proceeding to call them , he got 110 answer . He took off the hatch and proceeded below to ascertain vrhat was tho matter , when ho discovered the little boy dead and tbe two men in a state of stupor . Medical assistance vras brought from the Bliore , find some slight hopes were entertained of tho lecovcry of the two men .-
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The Into Colonel TVnlfgnng Baron Kemoney belonged to the ancient family of John Kemeney , in former times sove « vpign of Transylvania . He was born in the year 1793 , in Torda f Transylvania ) , and received his first education at the University of Nagy-Enyor . Afc the ago of seventeen years , following his impulse , he entered as sub-lieutenanfc of the 8 th Hussars in iho Austrian army . TTo commenced liis military enreev in tho warlike times ofNnpoleon , nnd tonl ? an nciivo part in the French campaign from 1813 to 1815 . After the termination of the war , he still continued , during a few years , in the same regiment , when , tired of
the idle ] ifo in garrison , he left the army in 1 S 24 aa captain . From that moment , he retired to estates at Torda , where soon aftcv he . married the daughter of an Austrian general , and led , in this retirement , until 1834 , the quiet life of an agriculturist . However , tho complexion of the times did not permit him to spend his whole , time in solitude , and being an ardent patriot , he soon entered the political field on behalf of the oppressed position of his country . He now became a zealous visitor of congress and the diets , and one of tho most decided " adversaries-if that enemy to all liberty—Austria .
He next became , repvosenting ono of the congreirafions , a member of the Trnnsjivanian Diet , and through his participation in the pavlwnwnta . y discussions and struggles o £ that time , the political storms of 18-18 did not find him unprepared to brave them . He was one of those who the first declared themselves openly in favour of the unions question ; at Torda , surrounded by Wallachinn fancies , he unfolded , mams propria , tho banner of union . When it beciimo Baron Kemeney's convection that the crisis of his country could not be removed in a peaceablo way , he drew asain his sword , and now the peril of his heroic exploits during the memovablo winter campaign under Bern , in Transylvania , contributed highly to tha glory of the Hungarian arms . Having been appointed , by the Arch-dnke Stephnn , of Aus ' ria , Major of the
Transylvanian National Guard , he distinguished liimeelf mostemtently in the victorious battles nt Szibo . TU > sstviiz , and others ; afterwards nominated Lieutenant-Colonel in ther Active army , ho was at tho same time charged by Bern with tho command of a portion of his army . Bnron Kemeney ' s most glorious anil heroic deed -was the battlo of Fioki . Bern , at the head of a very small hut au-( lac ' nus hand , arrived victorious before Herrmannstadf , capital of the province ; hut there , surrounded arid pressed by an overpowering nnmbev of enemies , he commissioned the daring Kemeney to march to the Hungarian frontier , and there to take up a reinforcement . This brave officer immediately unforlonk that bold marnli , pierced boldly tho
lines of the enemy , drew on tho reiiifrrcemepts , and a fewdays after , delivered that memoralilo battle in which , with 2 , 000 men and sevon enns he beat , tho whole Austrian force , consisting of 15 , 000 men and thirty cannons , out of the field . By this victory he not only averted the ( ' extraction of Transylvania , which a day before still appeared inovitahlo , hut he alfo gave to Bom the sole opportunity to establish that prnml line of oilensivo operations which , in , less th ? n a month , swept Transylvania clear of the enemy . For tho groat valour he displayed in this decisive action , ho was made Colonel , and received the order of valour , 2 nd class , having uoen decorated some timo ago with the samo order of the 3 rd class .
He took also a glorious part in all tho important batflra of tho summer campaign . In fact , he belonged to the num-Vev of those superior officers of tho TransyWanian avmy to whom Bern was mostly attached , and who , possessing this eminent general ' s entire confidence , wero stedfast , with undaunted courage , till the last moment . After the termination of tho war hoesp . iped tho Bussiaa hands , and although proscribed , ho lived still for sr-n ; e timo afc his native place , but sparched for everywhere , he at last was obliged toflv to England . After Kossuth ' s arrival in London he became president of tho administration of the Hungarian emigration . When ho took the management , the emigration was already in very good circumstances ; but after tlie departure of
Iioesuth he had to overcome much greater difficulties , because his solicitude extended itself not only to the emigrants residing in England , but also to those of his esiled countrymen who languished in FrMiceai : d Belgium . The . difficulty of hia position can be . measured or . ly liy those vbo had tl \ e opportunity of knowing unrier what expectations the administration was acting , and in how far these expectations wero realised . Baron Kemeney , who , notwithstanding the loss 0 ! his estates by sequestration , siill possessed some pecuniary means , assisted , in as far as possibly he could , his distressed countrymen ; and it must he stated that , durinc tlie shorh timo of his administration , he has been always acting , and with paternal care , for the good of hi 3 unhappy companions ; and at the same time occupied with removing tho numberless embarrassments which rose from all sides .
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January 17 , 1852 . _ , „„ ^ ^^ THlj : N . qR ^ il ^ Nr S $ AM . - <[ m -r - "' ¦ > ' - ~ - *¦ -- *• - ' -- u -- - 7-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 17, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1661/page/7/
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