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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FRANCE . FISCATION OF THE ORLEANS PROPERTY AND PAYMENT OF THE 'LEGION OF HONOUR . ' e decree ordering the property of ttie Orleans family jnce to be sold within a year states , that the real and nal property of which donation was made on the 7 th igast , 1830 , by Liuis Philippe is to lie restored to the :, the State taking opon itself the payment of the debts
e Civil List of the last reign . The produce of the itution * to the State is to be allotted to the charitable f societies , established in 1830 , to the amelioration of lodgings of the working classes in large manufacturing ! , to the formation of loan establishments in the denents , to the support of aged and poor priests , to the lentation of the allowance of the members of the on of Honour , and the education of their orphan chil . The President renounces all claims on account of confiscation in 1814-15 of the property of the Bonaparte
iy . ' decree follows , appointing M . de Casablanca , former ister of Finances , Minister of Slate . His functions are jmnjun . cate to the « ministers' the orders of the < Prince ident . M . de Manpas is created Minister of General * and M . Ahbuttucci , Honorary Councillor of the ¦ t o ! Cassation , . s appointed Keeper of the Seals , Minis-I Justice , in the place of If . Rouher , whose resignation cepted . M . Fialin de Persigny , formerly Plenipoten' Minuter , is appointed Minister of the Interior , in the s of M . de Morny , whose resignation is accepted . M . an former Minister , is appointed Minister of Finance , ie place of M . Fould , who ? e resignation is accepted . ne terror in the provinces goes on increasing daily . In
f parts of the country the troops go out and beat the ds for men , as if they were hunting game . A detach-* of the 35 th regiment , after a long chase , lately caught nteen in a forest at St , Thibery , in the Herault , at the wrtsman-like hour of two o ' clock in the morning . In same neighbourhood the papers speak of arrests by the b . and by the score , as having been made by the mili-Sat Ronjan Pnisalicon , Cans , Neffies and Pezenas . At pont , Canet , St . Andre , Aspiron , and several comjes of Lodeve , cafes and public-houses without number , I been closed . In the Vaucluse a lieutenant of geneerie , at the head of some gendarmes and 150 men of 54 th Regiment have been very successfnl in making ores . A man named Sauvan , who took to his heels , I brought down by a grenadier . The ball entered his
and came out at his belly , yet , wonderful to relate , nan still lives . At Ccere the sport seems to be left to civil power . M . Girard , a judge of instruction , is indeable there . Within the last eight days he arrested men , being abont one-fourth of the male population of ilace . The gaoler at Toulon was the other day 6 urjd at the visit of a large column of men , who , struck i tenor , and driven to despair by the incessant harras-[ of the soldiery , came to surrender themselves prison-[ He tad not room to lodge so much unexpected comr , and , after taking dawn their names , begged them to pod enough to call again . This they did , and they s ultimately stowed away somewhere . In the fort of
lUue . at Toulon , there are now 1 , 200 prisoners . In leighbourhood of Crest , the pursuit of political refucan only be compared to chamois-hunting . The counlere is rocky , and several of the proscribed have been at repeatedly by voltigears , as they skip from rock to , The chase here has not hitherto been so successful " as any other place ? , for , after a long and fatiguing day troops only captured one man named Danjou . He however , a leader , and the capture is considered imant . In the town of Crest , on the 16 th inst , Alvier de i , the commander of the insurrection there , was taken , a great crowd assembled in the market-place to see . It must notbe supposed that arrests are confined to
people called socialists . Judges , councillors-general , istera , physicians , merchants , proprietors , and people of highest standing are arrested dail y . There Eeems no pec ! of any cessation of the sysiem . The prefects write most stimulating letters to their subordinates , urging n not to hesitate to use Uieir powers and to arrest any i whom they may suspect , and even if necessary , to ) him m prison without specifying any charge against . journal of Le Mans states that the affair of the disisnces of the Sarthe will not be taken up before the nsry jurisdiction of the Court of Assizes . The parties icated in them will l , , according to their degree of Ipabihty , transported , or expelled temporarily from the jch territory , or removed from the department . The
e measure will extend to all the departments which are in a ' state of siege / iy a decree published in the' Monitenr , ' the decree of the nswnal government , dated Febrnary 29 th . 1848 , con-[ ing tl , former titles of nobility , is abolished , 'h a morning papers are silent with regard to the df > cree anfiicain-. n . The'Patrie' confesses that the first imi = ion sill be a painful one . But it hopes that after retion peonle will see the hand of Pr-. vidence in the retrion mfiicied upon Louis-Phili ppa ' s family , for having Ki upon his own head a crown that had fallen from the ps of an old man and a child , his relations . ' Alas , ' earn * the ' Patrie , ' ' fortune has strange reverses , and polishava inflexible necessities . ' This is a line of defence
: h gives up the whole question , he ' Monitenr' publishes the organic decree on the ncil of State , divided into ten sections . M . Baroche is ) inted Vice-President , and is ta preside in the absence of President of the Republic ; M . Maillardis named Prent of Committees at Debate ; M . Rouher , of Legislation , ice . and Forei gn Affairs ; M . Delangle , of the Interior , he Institution , and Public Worshi p fM . Parieu , Finances ; Magne . Public Work ? , &c . ; Admiral Leblane , Military Admiralty . There are thirty-four Councillors of State , L Bonlay de la Menrthe , De Thorigny , Waisse , and Luin u < S ? d . Thsre are to be twenty Masters of Requests of fi « t class , twenty of the second ; sixteen Auditors of the ; das ? , and fift-en of the second
. ne following are nominated Senators : —The Prince de uyea .. \ . agram . de Moskowa . Mnrat , General Achard , jntdArgonL Marquis DandiflFret , General de Bar } Gene-Paraguay d Hillijrs , de Beaumont ( Somme ) , Marquis de baeuf , Bonlay ( de la Meurthe ) , Count de Breteuil , de pbacera , General Count de Castellane , Admiral Casy , | m de Caumont , U Force , Clary Marinis , de Cros , Baron Dro nes , C .. i , nt Curia ! , Drouyn de Lhuys , Dumas , ? in . Carles Ehe . de Beaumont , Achilie Fould , Fourgoeirs , moot , Baron de Froment , Goutier , Regent of the Bank : P * Ernes * de Girardin , Goulhaut , dc F . St . Germain pis de la Grange , General Count d'Hautpoul , Admiral fa . General Husson , Lacrosse , de la DoucetteGeneral
, « e Count dela Itibouiere , General Count Lawoesteine . > e'Jt , Usuror , Count L 3 mercier , General de St . Arnaud , vf ^ tr ; - S » an « H - Manuel , Marchant A ortJ , Menard , Mimeral , General Ordener , General 't <• Oraano , General Duke of Padou , Admiral Parseval ™ , Genial Paiet , Duke of PSaisanc . % Poinset , MarrfPouty , General Renault de St . Jean d'Angelev , t , n ' Simon Couut de Portale ? , General 't of p bat Sapey , General Count de Schramm , de r Agueasean , Count Simeon Amedee , Thayer , Tbibau' Tr « plon » , Dulie Of Yicence , "Viellard . Many of these formerl y Peers of France or members of the Lejrisla-Assembly .
be President gave a grand ball at the Tuileries on Satnrnight . Between four and five thousand persons were ent at this imraense / e / e . He was dressed in she uniform lieutenant-general of the line , and wore the grand corand the crachat of the Legion of Honour . He had a tte of the same order attached to his sword-hiit , and in ) u tton-ho ! e the little plain decoration which was always b by the Emperor , and sometimes given away as a mark igi personal distinction . The President ' s face looked i , and h-s eyes fatigued , but he forced an appearance of ' } , and his nostrils swelled as if with a certain air of »?> i . The Princess Matbi'de , who stood by him , and i a superb diadem of brilliants , laughed incessantly , as the highest spirits . Contrary to the general expectathe
, person of the Present , far frem being carefully fled , was only difficult of access from the excessive w . tie seemed desirous to display a sense of security t » a « essne ; s ; and it is ssH that persons stood in his im'ate nei 5 hhUurhfl 0 d without any mark to distinguish Mrom the obscurest strangers . Whenever he perceived wrm , . advanced toWs : ds it , the crowd giving way on « B and , shook hands with the wearer without speaking , Ppidiy turned to some other o } . ect > ET , i j P i ceived «» t the two late ministers who re-FQ the day before the publication of the decree of cor-I on Rouher and Magne , have accepted the post of pre-S t » t Se f 1 OnS ' Tile fact entirel J P « s their refuial L i n i res P ° n sib 51 it y of the blow inflicted on the iotP V DS of My m ' Tlt whatever . Whife affecting iy * against the spoliation , these ex-ministers consent
*«? , ? " handsome salar J « f 35 , 000 f . per annum from " »» perpetrated it . Perhaps we shall find ere " . the resi gnation of M . Fould is not a whit more Y « "tt and disinterested . J ° d ^ ° - ta ! embert ' de Merode ' andde Morlemart , have -toeir seats in the Commission Consultative . As P is evidentl y motived by the confiscatory decrees . it art of Te a corD Plete rnptnre with the government on L ' T thQs e notable men , and a refusal to form part of F ate or Conseil d'Etat . It is expected from this manir » on the part of the leader of the church party , that I ont f wi ^ renonnce the provi sion that is made for ictof ° a P ° rtIonoftne confiscated property . The wate - de ^ O " * 16111061 * is the more important , ai Lj . i V * * 1 have immense inflaence in the elections by j fc ^ fo ge , whidi wiU shortly t » ke place for the
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M-Dupinhas resigned the post of procureur-general of the Court of Cassation . The ex-president of the National Assembly has written a pungent letter to M . Abbatucci , the minister of justice , notifying his retir ement from tbe office , -asssa ^^ - * ' ^^*^ Rnll n f p r ar ! iCle I" ^ ' Patri ^ ' ^ d « The Drawing Rooms of Pans , ' contains a sentence which has caused considerable sensation . After stigmatising in severe lan * ua& 8 the dispontioa to carp at the government manifested hi the higher orders of Parisian society , it says that the President having put down Socialism , they have no longer any fears from U . and concludes with these words : These men are incorrigible . They will not believe in the reign of terror till they shall have one foot upon the scaffuld . ' The expression is ambiguou 3 enough , but it has certainly excited an uneasy feeling .
Several arrests have been made at the Bourse of people who were accused of spreading false news . They were conducted to the prefecture of police . M . de Falloux has addressed a letter to the ' Union de l'Ouest' and to the 'Journal da Maine-et-Loire , to say that the slate of his health will not permit him to accept a mandate to tbe Corps Legislatif , which some of bis friends wish to bestow upon him . But he does not seek to dissuade others , his own refusal net proceeding from systematic hostility , hut entirely from private and personal motives . , Three workmen and a bookkeeper Were , on Saturday , severally condemned , by the Tribunal of Correctional Police , to one , two , three , and four months' imprisonment , for having used offensive language respecting the President of the Republic . The word canaille' was the expression most complained of .
By a decree of the Prefect of the Nord , sixteen wine ahopu have ) uat been dosed in different parts of the department . Seven demands for . authorisation to open new wine shops have been refused . The Prefect of the department of the Aude has just dissolved the Council des Prud'hommes of Troyeg , because the persons composing it were hostile to the government .
Tbe Presse' says : —« M . de Girardin is residing at Brussels in the most absolute retirement , so absolute that we know by one of his letters which arrived this morning , that he has not seen any of the persons whose names have been connected wilh his own . M . Victor Hugo and M . de Girardin have not yet met . Each confines himself at Brussels to his own studies in order to avoid giving the slightest pretext to the French government to address a complaint to that of Belgium . ' Several marckands de vin and public-housekeepers in Paris have stuck up a notice that it is forbidden to talk politics , on pain of expulsion .
The 'Courrierde la Gironde ' states that Chef d'Escadron Peyronni is still detained in the departmental prison . Those who have been admitted to see . him say that he is very much cast down , and can scarcely be brought-to-believe his degradation . Mm * . Peyronni had " left for Paris , with the intention of soliciting a pardon for her husband from the President of the Republic . In the Nievre , about sixty persons are about to be tried on capital charges . The 'Journal de Nievre' expects that this department alone will furnish 1 , 000 prisoners for transportation to Cayenne . # The Court of Cassation has given a highly important decision . It has decided that when a department is declared in a state of siege citizens may be tried by court-martial -. for offences anterior to tbe declaration of the state of siege .
ITALY . NAPLES . —Now that the first flush of excitement occasioned by the late events of France , is over , tbe Neapolitan government is trembling with fresh alarm—iKere are worse things in the world than Lord Palmerston and a French Republic , viz ., the restoration of tfie empire ^ , Every post brings a hint of coming events , all of which point to Pizzo , the grave of Murat . The ghost of that dashing snldier-kmg has still a party in Naples . The name of Marat is cherished by many with affection . The Bourbons have done little to induce the Neapolitans to forget the popular rule of the . Frenchman , although a long peace has been hieMy favourable to domestic prosperity .
ROME . —Anew organisation of government adherents or Bpies has just taken place throughout the city on an extended plan . In every none or quarter some decidedly papaUn 0 shopkeeper has been appointed head inspector , with a band ef other tradesmen at his orders , whose duty it is to pick up all kinds of intelligence that may be useful to the government with respect to the internal condition of the city , especially through the medium of the servants who are sent out every morning to make purchases for the families
they serve . Should anything suspicious take place in any family the servant reports it to the baker or greengrocer , who in his turn reports it to the head shopkeeper in his quarter , who again conveys the intelligence to the police office . This plan , is rather against the principle of the old Roman law , which forbade the testimony of a servant being received against his master ; and it" opens the way for an endless quantity of invidious persecutions and private revenge . The organisation is of course secret , or coasidered to be bo .
LOMBARDY . —Radetsky issues an order in the ' Milan Gazette' prohibiting Sardinian steamers on the Lago Mag-Biora approaching the Lombard shore within 200 metres , or communicating with it by boats . The reaBon alleged for this prohibition is that Austrian steamers are not allowed by Sardinia to iouch on the opposite coast . The ' Opinione of Turin remarks upon this document that , while the Sardinian steamers are unarmed , the Austrian one ? are armed with cannon , and that consequently the Piedmontese government is acting in conformity with national right in refusing to allow armed steamers to approach its banks . ' which have no means of defence . "
PIEDMONT . —About a year ago , the proceedings ef the Cmnpagnia di San Paolo , at Turin , a corporate body , which has hitherto had the unlimited control of all pious ' legacies and funds belonging to the church and to the charitable establishments of Piedmont , excited sonic murmurs , on BO count of the secrecy which involved all their operations , and rumours of malversation were pretty generally circulated . This led on the part of the government to a proposal to the company , advising them to annex to their body several other members to lie named by the municipality , in order to silence the adverse rumours in circulation . The company having refused to submit to this arrangement , the Minister
of the Interior has addressed a report to the King , followed by a decree , published in the ' Piedroontese Gazette' of the 21 st , enacting that the administration hitherto under the control of the Compagnia di San Paolo , shall pass entirely into the hands of a commission of twenty-five persons named by the municipality . By another decree the Marqms of Montfzeraolo , senator of the kingdom , is named president of the new administrators , the latter have elected their vice-president in the person of Count Siccardi , the well-known author of the law abolishing all ecclesiastical privileges , which has led to the present coldness between Sardinia and Rome .
TUSCANY—The Bulletin de Peris , ' of January 24 , says that the rumour which has been so often denied that tbe Grand Duke of Tuscany intends to abdicate in favour of Austria , again circulates in Hie drawing-rooms of Vienna . PARMA . —The Parma Gazette , ' of the 18 th , publishes 8 . decree , suppressing llie general direction of the police on the Parmese territories , and vesting all political , judicial , administrative , and military powers in the military inspector of the gendarmerie , and in the commandants of the towns and fortresses of the ducby .
GERMANY . HAMBURG . —On the 18 th inst . a process was instituted , by order of tbe . Senate . of Hamburg , against the editor of the 'Reform , ' for the publication of an adverse article and a caricature upon M . Louis Bonaparte . The court acquitted the editor , and condemned the public treasury in the costs of the trial . This is the first criminal process instituted in Germany to punish journalists for unfavourable allusions to the President . PRUSSIA . —According to the changes proposed in the first chamber , it will be composed of—( a ) , Princes of the blood royal who have attained their majority ; (}) , heads of the princely houses of Hohenzallern ; ( c ) , chiefs of Prussian houses who have formerly former ] part of the states of the empire ; ( d ) , chiefs of familie 3 upon whom the Kine confers the hereditary right of a seat in the first chamber : (^ members whom the King names for life , of whom the number shall lie lim ted .
An eiectnc shock was sent through the whole of the ' suspected population of Berlin on the nighfof the 20 th , by way of experiment ; and the telegraph in the hands of the police is likely to become its most active aeent . All persons who have been , by legal sentence , placed under surveillance , as part of their punishment , are bound to sleep at home every night , and are liable to be visited at any time by order of the police , to discover whether they are not abroad for professional purposes . On the above niaht an order suddenly shot from the eentral police-office to all the reotm of the city at once to make an instant visitation oi every ' suspected' person in each district , tt was done forthwith , and all those not found at their respective addresses , according to the regulations , were arrested next day , and sent to the House of Correction . The dread of this visitation must continually hang over this portion of the population . As the district police themselves do not know
of the order till the moment it is to be executed , the objects of the visit cannot possibly get notie of it , which , it is said , sometimes used to occur . AUSTRIA , —The Lithographic Corraspondence ' of Yienna states that Prince TFindiscngrats hag definitively accepted the post of civil and militaay governor of Hungary . The same paper reports the condemnation of . a Doctor of Law to two months ' imprisonment for speaking lightly of the constitution , which the government has since abolished . «—i- «» _
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SPAIN .. ;;;;; .. .,. ^ f J ? L aU ' P tinci P al members of ttie ' progresista party in tbe Lnamber of Deputies have resi gned their seats , alien- ' ing , in their addr esses to their . constituents , the utter useless- ' ness of there being a parliament which the minister keens closed , while he alters the laws of the country at his plea , sure by simple decrees . The minister , however , persists in declaring through his semi-official organ , the ' Ordre , ' that the cabinet is devoted to the constitutional cause , but that m the present critical state of Europe , it is expedient to offer as little surface as possible to Ihe nttaoks of agitators .
UNITED STATES . By the Africa we have advices to the 14 th inst They state that the anli-Kossuth feeling of the southern mem bersof congress still manifested itself . In the House on Monday , Mr . Stanley , of North Carolina , attempted to ' in traduce a resolution to relieve the suffering of those poor Hungarians who have no homes , and may be in danger of dying from starvation or the inclemency of the weather This really philanthro pic movemeut was actually rejected bv a vote of 126 nays to forty-six yeas . Kossuth had made one of his celebrated speeches on his introduction to the two Houses of the Maryland Legislature The speech of the Hon . Daniel Webster at the late con ' gressional banquet to Kossuth had afforded a pretext for re ' monstrance b y the Austrian minister , Hulsemann , who had addressed the President of the American Republic on ih = > subject . A reply was being prepared by Mr . Webster , and ID *!! SSS ' 1 Tister w ? uId rece * fi tis
S , passpons . The accounts , from almost all parts of the United States report the severity of the weather as most intense . The rivers were all blocked up by ice ; snow-storms had visited New Orleans , Buffalo , &Cl ; and a storm , attended with much injury , had swept over Louisiana . Mr . Clay was improving in health , and expected to be soon able to take his seat in the Senate . The Ohio legislature has tabled a resolution , declaring it By the Franklin we have advices to the 17 th inst . They state that Kossuth had arrived at the capital of Pennsylvania , and was received with immense applause ; and that he Governor of Maasachussetts openly advocates an appeal PuTf , oT , f Hun 8 ar >' Huliemann has addressed a letter to the President , complaining of the remarks of Webster at the Kossuth banquet .
to ha the duty of the United States to interfere , should Russiaor any other power take part against any nation struggling forliberty . The steam-shi p Daniel Webster , arrived at New York on tne . litn , brought ten days later news from California . This is one of the shortest trips ever made between the new empire on the Pacific and the city of N « w York . Thereis no striking feature in this news ; on the whole , however , it is interesting especially to those who have relatives and 'i 8 in * he land- ofgold . - It wouW m if ciTiliaa
• .. appear . tion was making rapid strides in California . Balis and dinners have recentl y been given there , having a profusion of 23 Ki . T of choice dUhe 8 > The pR ^ CRli - iZ 1 ; n 7 g T inco ««« nce for the want of a of 2 f — Th " e is a 8 reat deficiency of gold coin nuJSS- ! lTr ; T > aUo 0 { 5 iWer > and vhe ~ - quenceis that ; hoth . bear a premium . The probability is that this scarcity m \\ be greater b y-and-b y , as silver chante contmues . scarce in the Atlantic Vtates , . here V S ? Z mauded a considerable premium for some time
. h > t , ^ TB ^ orre ? 'H > Ild «« t « that there appears to begreatbustle andacUvilyinihenavy department , Vest £ f " Wte l . ° Prepwe f 0 r sea > a ' supplies and munitions of war ere being collected- with alacrity . What has produced this extraordinary commotion is not positively known , but it is intimated that , among other things , the Mediterranean squadron is to be strengthened bjiaeaddi . uon of two or three msn-of-war .
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setters from Naples , of the 12 th inst ., announce that the Duchees d Aumale was safely delivered , on the evening of the 11 th , of a prince , who has received the name of the Duke de Guise . : . ¦ . ; , - . : ; The 'Independence' of Brussels says that Madame Geor Re Sand has just been arrested in the department of thelndreet-Loire , where she had taken up her residence . A letter dated St . Petersbnrg , January 11 th inst ., in the ' Hamburg Borsenhalle , ' of January 23 rd , says :---By an imperial ukase , the exportation of corn from every port of the empire is prohibited until further m- ™™ . '
It appears from an official document , in the ' Madrid Gazette / that during the ' year 1851 the amount of gold coinage at the Mint of Madrid was eleven millions of reals in pieces of 100 reals ( 25 fr . ) , siid hventy-one millions in silver pieces of twenty reals ( 5 :.- . ) At the Mints of Seville and Barcelona the amount of coinage was about five milliona of reals . ., Letters from India state that the Nizam has only paid £ 90 , 000 on account of the £ 400 , 000 due , and cannot procure a greater sum . His domains were in a state of anarchy 83 also those of Oude . Lola Monte 3 , who is in Amnricd , laaa written a vindication of her life and character . The Asia arrived on the 17 th instant . Aa American commercial expedition is being organised in New York to proceed to Assumption , the capital of . Pwaguay .
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THE PRESERVED MEATS OF THE NAVY . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHEBN STAB . SiR , ~ My attention having been attracted by the late , reports throughout the public press respecting " the preserved meat supplied for the use of the navy , mid boiug anxious of ascertaining the cauae of such complaints , I beg to state that I had the opportunity of carefully inspecting the contents of seTeral oanisters supplied to the govern ment stores , which were expressl y opened for the purpose of giving my opinion Upon them . Out of seven which I saw open , one was m a perfect state of decomposition and of a very offensive smell , so much so that the contents ' could not even be analysed with safety . Another had the appearance of pulp , forming almost a puree ; though unfit to be used , it did not produce the sli ghtest effluvia . Two of tho other canistei-B were in a state of semi-decompositiontho reruainiug three
, were fit to be eaten , but not likely to keep for two or three years longer , as supposed by the contractors . In tho latter I found tho meat ofgood quality ; tbe only offal was a pieca of ox-heart iu one of them , which , though objected to in the contract , ia certainly eatable , and capable of keeping as well as any other parts of the animal . The droadful decomposition contained ia tho first canister , is , in my opinion , owing to a quantity of unextracted air concealed in the meat , and which is at all times very pernicious to preserves of every kind ; the second I attributed to the meat not being quite cooked enough ; the third and fourth to the jelly mixed with the meat , in which vegetables are boiled to give flavour to the stock ; the bulk of tho meat is also ratner too large , each canister containing from 101 b . to 121 b . ; and another thing I fear , from the appearance of each canister , is , that they have been painted when quite hot .
After a profound consideration I do bcliovo that almost any one mi ght be deceived on the delivery of those goods , which in appearance at tho time were probably iu a good state , provided nothing more than what I found in them was introduced . Understanding that five cases out of every hundred were opened before they had been accepted by the members of the Victualling-yard , I considor that number a very fair test . Therefore , I would strongl y advise for the future ( especially if those preserved meats are to be cured abroad , aB tUo last contracts appear to have been done ) that effioial persons , well acquainted with that important process , yrho only require cleanliness , care , and a little judgment , bo appointed to examine the quality of the meat , not only when preserved , but alao in a raw state , and previous to the purchase of it by the contractors in or out of England ; and it would bo even more gratifying if government was to undertake it , and cause those preserves to be done in the various victualling yards , where abundance of room is there unoccupied .
No canister besides ought to contain more than 61 b . of meat , the same to be very slightly seasoned with bay sab , pepper , and aromatic herbs in powder , such as thyme and bay leaf , a small quantity of which would not be obioctionab ' e even for invalids . That no jelly be added to the meat ; but that tho meat , and the meat alone , should produce its own jelly ; and that with the bones and trimmings of the above a good stock should be made without vegetables , well reduced and ekiiaiiveti to form a very stroug transparent demi glaze ; and that 61 b . canisters should be filled with the same , bearing a
special mark , and one of these allowed to any dozen of the others , this demi-glaze , when diluted in water , would mako six gallons of very good broth , with which any kind of soup could be made in a very short . time ; otherwise , divide it into portions with the meat . Ordinary vegetables of any kind—so very beneficial on a long sea voyage—may be easily preserved separately , at a trifling cost , with tlie greatest facility , and used in perfection in every climate . As a well-wisher to tho naval profession , of which yau so justly take a national interest for its welfare , I beg the insertion of this communication in your esteemed journal . With high consideration , I have the honour to remain , your obedient servant , Gore House , Kensington , Jan . 17 . A . Soter .
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- ^^ Tf ^~~ . COUNCILS OF ARBITRATION IN FRANCE . The Councils of Arbitration , known in France as the Conseils de Prud'homraes , having lieen alluded to in the question now agitated between the workmen and masters in England , it may not be out of place to Bay a few words on that institution . The Consols de Prud ' hommes form a special jurisdiction established wilh the view of terminating , with the greatest possible promptitude , and almost entirely without expense , such differences as may arise between the working classes themselves , and between them and the masters who employ them . The custom in certain places of referring disputes of the kind to arbitrators chosen from the trade to which the disputants belong ,
is not of recent origin , in this country j it dates , on the contrary , from the earliest . time 6 . It is Btated that or . some occasions these tribunals ' , if such they can be termed , were named by the Chief of the State , either for a fixed period and specific object , or permanently , with a power of inspection over certain manufactures , and , on certain occasions , for the regulation of wages . Their institution by Royal nomination would , however , appear , to be exceptional ; the general rule and prevailing practice was , that these bodies held their powers by election only . They are named b y au Assembly convoked by the Prefect of the Department , and are composed of dealers , manufacturers , chiefs of workshops , foremen , and licensed workmen , inscribed on a special register opened at the Mairie . The age required is
thirty years . Every member of the Assembly is eligible ; but ,, in virtue oi an Imperial decree of 1 S 09 , the majority in the . Councils in Paris was secured to the masters . The body is divided into two sections , or bureaux—Ihe bureau of conciliation and the general hurnau . and with powers analogous to those of the Jitges de Paix . Their duty consists in conciliating , taking cognisance of all affairs in which the penalty doss not exceed lOOf . in the last instance and in the first instance settling all disputes between the workmen as amongst themselves , and between the workmen and their employers . They possess , moreover aBort of police jurisdiction , in virtue of which they take cognisance and decide on all acts tending to disturb the tranquillity and good order of the atelier , and have power to
impose on the delinquents a . penalty of imprisonment for three days . An appeal , from the Conseil de Prud' homines in civil cases may ba made to the . Tribunal of Commerce . These Councils are established on the demand of the Chambers of Commerce or the . Consultative Chambers of Manufactures ; and the ordinance which establishes them fixes the numbsr of each Council , the details of its organisation , and specifies the trades submitted to their jurisdiction . The institution , though of ancient date as respects certain trades , is nofc general ; it is limited to comparatively but few places . In Paris it is the most recent of all , and only comprises the metal trades , tissues , chemical arts , and what are called articles de Paris , and is composed of fifteen members , eight of whom are masters and seven foremen , or workmen . Yet
this inequality , though occasionally objected to , does not seem to have produced any serious complaints against the decisions of the Council . The members of the body , mi . acquainted with , or unaccustomed to , legal niceties or qiiibbles , decida promptly and gratuitously on the questions brought before them , their only guide being common sense and the custom of the trade ; and their decisions , even where the matters in dispute are complicated , are received without dissatisfaction and obeyed . It is stated that less complaint is made against them than even against those of the Juget de Paix and tribunals of Commerce . As the
principal object is to prevent strikes , the questions generally brought before them relate to apprenticeships , the condition of factory children , hours of labour , wages , &s . The appeals from the decisions of these bodies are , compmtivelj Bpeuking , few . In 1834 there existed fifty-nine Councils in France . Of 60 , 555 cases brought before tbem over a period of five years , 58 , 330 were amicably arranged ; 654 decided in the first instance , and 1 , 035 in the last ; and fifty-six appeals were made from their decisions ; and in the year 1846 , 1 , 962 cases were settled by conciliation , and seventytwo by more formal judgment *; Thu members of the Council are sworn before the Prefect .
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MEETING OF ASSOCIATED . WORKMEN IN PARIS . A meeting of " Associated Workmen" took place in a certain quarter of Paris on Sunday night " . Thirty-five men representing the different operative associations , whose productions often deserve to be ranked amongst works of art , held a Conference to disouss the propriety of emigrating to the United States of America . The first and principal speaker was an operative cabinetmaker , whose , productions attracted , it is said , much attention at the lato London Exhibition . He spoke in substance to this effect : — " The events which have recently taken place in France havo changed the conditions , of existence of the fratornn . 1
associations , which were founded immediately after the great revolution of February . What is wanting to the new institutions we adopted in good faith , and realised with saccess , is liberty . The principle of association is the enfranchisement of labour . Our success has shown us that we were right in adopting that principle . But at this moment one vital element fails us , I do not now allude to political liberty ; the question that interests us is too grave to be lost sight of in the excitement of useless digression . Nevertheless , it is impossible- for mo when laying before you our situation , as my associates have onargeil me to do , to avoid pointing out to you the danger that menaces us under the protext of these political reasons on which I prefer being silent . You are aware that , in a groat number of places , such ns Lyons , Limoges , and Lille , tho operative
associations of every corps hare boon suddenly dissolved by tho authorities . You know it has been said that theBs associations were merely secrot societies in disguise . You are also aware that the Prefecture of Police has ordered the erasure of the word ' Association" written on the walls of Paris as indicating tho site of our ateliers and our BbopB . Those acta are full of meaning ; they show that tho government , deceived with respect to us , and badly informed » s to the object of our statutes , looks upon usaa dangerous . It believes Our agglomeration pomioiou = ; to order and to public security ; and it wishes to bro : ik it up . Yes , itiB ray firm oouriction that wh'it has been done at Lille , at Lyons , and Limoges against our brethren of tho operative assoeiations , will be done in Paris againsc us . We shall bo compelled to quit our workshops , and to'vesume our former
condition of mere mercenaries—working for wages as wo were before . Remember , my friends , what the ArohbiBhop of Paris aaid to us some months ago : ' You have done a beautiful and holy act—jou have made yourselves free . In other operative establishments I find a mailer and eightynine mere worlmen j in yourt I find ninety mastert . ' The words of the Archbishop are true . The principle of association has fnude U 3 all masters , whilst we have not lost tho character of workmen . But wo are , and I am oonvinoed of tho fact , on the point of losing tho advantages of tho first clang ; lot ua deliberate then on the means of remaining what we are , masters and workmen , that is to say Auotiaits . Since that liberty is refused us , for a long time perhaps in France , although it must pain us to quit our country , lot us transport our free industry to a free land .
Hitherto wo havo sent the produce of our varied industry to the New World ; that very exportation has been the great cause of our success—the most extensive source of the happy results of our efforts . Why Bhould wo not transpert our industry to the New World ? We shall find there , on tho spot itself , the raw materials necessary for us , and the cost of Tfhoao transport venders theii ? acquisition li « e more onerous—I alludo to timber , metals , leather , wool , 4 c New York and New Orleans will soon oease to depend on Paris , inasmuch , as with ua , who are the real produoeri of those wonders of Parisian industry , Paris will have emigrated to New York and New Orleans . I propose then the formation of a Committee of Emigration , to be charged with the liquidation of the Operative Associations of Paris , the realisation of tlie capital , and the organisation of the means necessary for our emigration to the Unitied States within the shortest period possible . "
The statement was reoeived with marks of approval . Some- other members also addressed the meeting , not , howover , to oppose the proposition , but to modify it . Various points of South . America and of Canada were also suggested for tho new establishment ; but it was observed that these were mere matters of detail , the solution of whiob . ought to be entrusted to the Committee of Emigration , aB the labours of that Committee would have for their object to give to the proposed emigration all the guarantees © f suoeess . After some conversation on matters of detail , the proposition of the operative cabinetmaker who first ad . dreised the meeting was put to the vote , and unanimously adopted . A Commission of Emigration was then eleoted by ballot . The aufcbor of the proposition wai the first who was namod member of the Commission ; his colleagues nre an operative enginemakeiv « n operative papemtaiuer , an operMiveiupliolsterer , and an operative eilrersiuith . Tbe meeting then separated .
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Wet nursing , always surroundedwith niany dangers , and expenfj xv ' ' ? 8 been superseded ** »* Bany ' s Hevalentu Arabica Food . We cite three out oi 50 , 000 testimonials :- 'No . 50 . 031 . — Grammar School , Stevenage , Dec . 16 . 1850—Gentlemen , we have TiTf . T f food « forf ^ ° " . "nd found it admirably ndapted for infants , Our baby lias never once hud disordered bowels smoe taking it . We had a nurse for her for the first six months , but her . bowels were constantly out of ordsr . Had we known of your tood before , we should Imve saved the heavy expense of themtnnne , and our child would have been mwe healthy-£ &Z % v tfrt ° - ? l 7 ° / - 1 consider y ° u a ble 6 ° W to « Stoty at large My little boy cries for a sauuer of your food every murnl l '~ T . " ? J ^ ™ ° > 2 > Manning-place , Five Oaks , Jersey . ' lestimonial , Ko . 4 876 . SI , . ^ wnVterraw , Bayswater , London , 22 nd November , 1849 . _ Mr . Dampier will thank Messrs . Du Barry and Co . to send him another canister of their Ilevalenta Arabiea it agreeing ho well with his infant . ' ( This infant was six days old Jus ? rftw ? DCed h \ $ ¥ Rcvalenta ) - 'Testimonial ,. No . 2 , 142 . Catherme-Btreet , Er . ome , Somerset , Dec . 16 th , 1848 . —Sir , — I have given your Kevalenta Arabica Food to . my little girl , who it of a delicate cons nation , and Ifind it does hw mm . 1 . miri & fT . me
" ^ Tfff VSnP" " ? ? ""» DU Barrj ' Bi ^ iuaWefood ni aho that of the firm , liaYO been so closely imitated , that 1 by «! Mi V ? Zl Z * £ fu 11 ? h ^ ««*¦ flpelHnjj of both , and also 2 ri » t a 1 W « adreS 8 j J 127 ' Neff Bond . street , London , in ? Dnta A , » h ' ; b P g J A t . upon : b * Ervalenta , Real Ravalenta , Arabaca Food , Arabian Hevalenta , or other spurious % fSSA ° L be T , ' « d ^ ' ^ oatmTal , Tder a clo « imitation of the name , which have Bottling to recommend them compounded , and which , though admirably adapted for pigs , would play sad havoek with the delicate stomach of an tovalid orMant .-See Advertisement in oiv ( to-daj ' g ) columns ,
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MARYLEBONE INSTITUTION . Mr . Thackeray entertained his audience , at the Marylebone Institution , on Monday evening , with a brilliant discourse on tbe merits of three humourists with whom they were better acquainted thnn with the subjects of his pre- . vious lecturos , and which , therefore , thoy listened to with a proportionably increased enjoyment , According to his Tiew the old novel was constructed on the simplest possible plan , a faultless hero , acounteracting monster , and a pretty girl , with a general and impartial distribution of punishments and rewards towards thfteud of tlie third -volume . This was sure to please the ladies best who never did likd " Gulliver " notwithstanding the pungency of tho satire , or " Jonathan Wild , " in which wonderful apologuo , fielding took the greatest rascal that ever existed for hit hero , tracked him carefully throueh all his wicked career .
and , at last , politely bid him good morning at the gallowi . Hogarth took a different method of working out hiB patjible ? . All his good poopln wero rewarded , and his wiokod ones finished at Tyburn . Every stroko was palpable to tho ^ meanest capaoity . In she " Marriage n la ModS ; " myiord * SquanderSield was to ' oo seen Bnrrounded by coronets ' and displaying » pedigree , tmoing his dcanent from William tUa Norman , while the Alderman from the city was individualised by utituistivkeable civil appendages . The steward was ; i Methodist and was thought a cheat , for Hogarth scorned Papist and Dissenter . The moral was simple and inartificial , and hence the artist ' s small claims to the character of a satirist . So with the " Rake ' s Progress , " and so with "Theldloand Industrious Apprentice , " tho catas * troplie of which gave the lecturer an opportunity of drawing a comparison between the Tyburn of last century , and the Tyburnia of the present , which told tremendously .
Hogarth ' s j aunt to Grnvesend in a boat in which " They had clean straw and a lilt over their heads , " with the iunumerablo pots of nlc which he and his companions oon * sinned during their walk to Rochester was compared with the tour of Mr . Pickwick and his companions in the same direction . Smollett had a generous moed of praisp as writer and as a man . "Humphrey Clinker" war iesignated ns the most laughable of novels , the loves and corresponilonce of Winifred Jenkins and Tabitha Bramble , forming a , fountain of mirth as inexhaustible as King Bladud ' s well at which they drank . Fielding ' s fine mar . ly bearing , his generous heart and genuine wit , were next candidly criticised , while his lollies were glanced at with unwonted forbearance . Tom Jones , and Captain Booth ) and Joseph Andrews wero groupod , and then contrasted , and then grouped again with all the care of judicious admivation , and all ihvuo carefully put upon the stage , with all their faults upon their heads , to receive the verdict of the audionco .
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ADDRESS OF THE BRANCH OF THE NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION OF NEWCASTLE-UPONTYNE TO THE VERITABLE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . Fellow Men , —The time lias now arrived when we deem it a duty thus publicly to address you on a question of the most , vital importance , viz ., the salvation of the workiing olasses . It must now be apparent to all of you , that it ia impossible for us to have au Executive if you do not adopt a better course of policy than you have deno for the laBfe two years . Had you responded totheoallso frequently mado by this body , tbe consequence would haye been that the Executivo would have been in u prosperous position , instead of being iu debt to the amount of £ 3 G .
In reminding you of your duty we wish you not to infer that we havo done more tban our own ; far from it . All wa wish of you is , to assist us , which , if you do , we feel confidont that thu day ig not far distant when the Executive will bo in a position to send forth faithful , powerful , and longtried advocates , to expound the great and glorious priuci * plus of Democracy . In thus addressing you wehgpu it will not be considered presumptuous on our part in endeavouring to unite the organised , though interested portion of the country ; for , be * ing imbued with the principles of Democracy , we consider ift necessary to do all iu our power to bring about sueh % union—not in name , but in action—as would ultimately burst the chains which have so long enthralled us , and en « able us to stand forth as an insulted , but intelligent ; people , and proolaim to the world the realisation of tho political and Bocial generation of tho industrious classes of those realms .
Men of the Future—to you in particular wo would address ourselves to assist in the good work of human redemptl n , and to imitate the young men of this association ; for it will bo an everlusting Btain oa the rising generation if you do not aocelerate the oxettiona of the senior portions ( if tbe Democratic rank * who have so long and ardently struggled for the redemption of out country . This is no new movement—its principles have been advocated for centuries by martyrs innumerable , who hate sacrificed their lives in honour of the great and glorious causa whichmust ultimately prevail . For the cherished achievement Of those gieat truths Robert Emmett , a young &nd intelligent patriot , nobly sacrificed his life in behalf of the unfortunate and down-trodden masses of mis-governed Iroland . Andrew Ilardie , a young and enthusiastic Scotchman , alga suffered martyrdom at Stirling , in 1820 , for his devotion to the holy cause of Democracy .
These principles have now been mado easy to understand through the exertions of men who have nobly struggled in spite of the obstacles thrown in their way—men wtioaa continuous study and advocacy of truth hastened themselves unto premature graves ; but , though dead , they yet peak , for " Their spirits wrap the dusky mountain , Their memories sparkle in the fountain—The meanest rill , the mightiest river , Rolls mingling with their femo for ev « r . " But despair not , for tbe time has gone by for governments in this country to try their , hands tA such bloody work again . The people are growing intelligent , and are steadily advancing , and it now only requires otic enorgctio effort to arrive at our destined haTen . Brothers ! arise ' . and look to your interests . The labeur question is but in its infanoy , but it ha * made rapid strides on tho continent of Europe , and has already made a strong impression on the mind of this country .
The evil of competition is displaying itself more and mora every day , and by one energetic effort it nii \ j now be made to number with the things that were . Frionds—in the midst of that atmosphere of corruption , oppression , and espionage which surrounds us , to recall our * strives to life and action , it is necessary to open the great roads of liberty—it is requisite , border that noble and great ideas should arise in our hearts to efface from our foreheads the disgraceful mark of slavery—our intelligence must be imbued with the enthusiasm of a collective life of joint responsibility and of sovereign liberty . the
Although we have to deplore the aspect of affain on Continent of Europe , and behold the unhallowed hand of Violenoe removing every emblem of Liberty , and launching in to death , exilo , and slavery , many of the best and bravest of men , yet , are our souls , big with hope , believing that the hour of retribution will soon atrike-wheu that principle will be acted upon , " Peace on earth , and good will to all men , "—when Liberty , Equality , und Fraternity will be proclaimed from sea to sea , and from the rivers to the ends of the earth . ' , . In conclusion , this is a sacred duty , and demands you ?
immediate attention . To be listless is to be criminal ; to neglect this call is to abandon the cherished memories of the past—to throw shame and obloquy upon tuose prin . ciplos which we should enshrine in our hearts . Let not this stain attach itself to ournaraea-let thii debt be immediately wiped off-let us strengthen th « hands and eucourngo the hearts of men whoae only-wish is the : salvation of the working claBBes-reatinglassnred that there is a power inherent in the human heart that will beat responsive to our aid . , , . . By requoit of the Association , ' Akgvs H'Usod , Oorreipo&diPg S . c ,
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NEWSVEXDEKS' BEXEVOLEXT AXD PROVIDENT INSTITUTION . Tho second public dinner in aid of the funds of the above in stitution took place on Tuesday evening at the Albion AW ersRate-street , Mr . John Fostor , of tho "Examiner ' nowspapbr , in the chair . Among those present wero Mr . Charles Dickens , Mr . John Leech , Mr . Harmer , Mr . Mark L-ntiiin , Mr - chiu-Ics Knight , Mr . Potor Cunningham , Mr . Evans Mr . Whiting , Sli- ? G . A . Floming , &o . The Chairman nuulo an effective appeal on behalf of the institution , which | , i at . . resmit a funded capital of £ 1 , 230 H l . ad two ponsioners-one a female , the other a male , receiving renpoctivel y the Sli ; n of £ 10 and £ 10 each , and fur tlie purposes ot temporary relief and permanent assistance , it Iwi contributed something more than £ 110 during the six or seven yeara of fa bianco . Still what had ' been hitherto dono but sufficed to show how much remained yet to be done , and they might depend upon it that whatever aid was given to such an institution would be sure , at some time or other , and in some form or other , to be liberally paid back to them . ' * Mr . Chari . es Dicker in proposing the health of the Chairman , oongratu ated those of the oompany who were newsvomlers upon the happy accident of having to pursue their vocation iu the capital of a country which cavo its name to the house in wl . ich they were then assembled rather than in tho capital of . a neighbouring country which should be nameless . lie lind been told that in the very improbable event of any ono of the tightly-muzzlod newspapers of that country opening its lips by any extraordinary effort it was the intention of tbe paternal government there imi
mediately to hamstring all tbe newsmen . ( Laughter . ) it was felt / as he had learned on tho best authority , that , in having been every day the dispenser of free speech , they had rendered themselves obnoxious to the " cause of order , " and that i-erfeot liberty and freedom , by which was to be understood , of course , perfect liberty to destroy liberty , and which liberty could not possibly exist as long as the ne menders continued to run about . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Dickens concluded a speech , replete with genial wit and humour , by rofering to one remark of the Chairman , who had spoken of Prinoe Albert as deoending from his exalted rank to works of usefulness . To that he would say no man . could possibly descend from his station to be useful . Howover exalted his station he must ascend from it to be useful to mankind ; and this was one of the greatest principles and greatest truths of tho greatest history with which mankind was acquainted . Mr . Charles Knight and other gentlemen addressed tho company in the course of tho evening . The subscriptions at the table amounted to upwards of £ 160 .
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Conjugal iNyiDKUTY . —A man named Cartouz , residing in tbe commune of Blauvac ( Vaucluse ) , who suspecting his wife of carrying on a criminal connexion with a young man of the neighbourhood , kept watch on their movements , and a fen days since , discovering them , in fltgranie delicto , he first attacked the lover , and afterwards the wii ' e with a . large knife he had in his hand , and killed them both ; ( o violent nag his rage that he inflicted , on them no Je » s than twenty-fire large wounds . He afterwardi proceeded to the Commissary of Police at ¦ Carpentraa ' , and surrendered himaeuaprhoner . T ^ fti / ynero . ,, ; , . ; A Xoblb Mast . —Mr . iSomeB , ihe shipbuilder , has just imported in the Coromandel , from Moulmein , the larees mast ever brought into this country . It is of teak , seventy ' two feet long , and twesty-Beyea inches ia diameter .
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— Januar 31 , 1852 ,. . .. ; .- ~\ ¦ ,.--: -. >• ¦ - > — - TH ^^ >¦ ¦ — . ..,.. . .. 7 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 31, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1663/page/7/
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