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E FORTHCOMING GENERAL ELECTION.
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Giv » me the liberty to kno * . to otter , and to argue freely , accord-- „ ,. lo ' conscience , above all Ubsrties . -JIn . ToS . Eteit veek brings nearer and nearer the moment Jien in presence of the mis-represented * Commons ' _ face to face with the outlawed masses—will stand those charlatan aspirants to Senatorial honours , who , whether they masquerade under the title of Protectionist or Free Trader , Tory , Whig , or Radical , have { , at one and the same aim—that of prolonging the existing system with all its iniquities , political and social , and upholding the supremacy of idlers , sybarites . a «» d labour suckers , to the bitter cost of the toil ing and enslaved millions .
Aye , ' enslaved . ' If the bodies of the poor are not pat up to public auction , as in Cuba and Carolina , their enslavement is none the less real . He whose life is at the mercy of another is a slave . He whoso labour is the prey of another is a slave . The Repre sentatives of a fraction of the people enact laws b which the entire people are taxed , disarmed , subjected to penalties for various offences , including even the penalty of death . To be subject to such legislation , Trithont voice or participation therein , is to be subject to tyranny and usurpation , and to tamely , apathetically , submit to sucb despotism , * is to proclaim oneself guilty of the most shameful servility . e
Observe how the system works ; note who enjoy thea 4 vantage 3 of Our Glorious Institutions . ' The Chief Magistracy of the State , an office which should be fitted by the wisest , worthiest , and best , is the patrimony of a particular family . The reigning monarch may bo a pattern of virtue and good sense , but History attests thnt—thanks (?) to the Hereditary System—against one such ruler there have been dozens the reverse—personifications of the lowest vices and most brutal propensities . Every office of dignity and emolument attached to the Court is filled bv ' some avaricious or needy aristocrat , or bastard of the aristocracy . Lords andladiesin waiting , gold-sticks , s 2 ra--sticks , &c ., allbelongtothenobleand honourable
oligarchy , and all are supported in extravagance , profusion , and waste , at the expense of the tax-ridden mas 3 e 3 . Of the situations in connexion with the Monarchy , only the most menial aTe filled by persons belonging to the rank of the People , and those persons owe their position to the ' interest' of courtiers . It is needless to observe that no mere working man , ihough possessed of the most god-like powers , is ever elevated to the Peerage . The honours (?) of Hereditary Noodledom are not bestowed upon the People . The good things of the Church , the snug berths in onr Colonies , the officerships in the Army and "Pary , are appropriated chiefly by the Aristocracy , partly by the middle-class , to the utter and complete exclusion of the veritable People .
Thus "badbegins , * but worse remains behind . ' The land is monopolised by a class who can Bhow no charter for their monopoly , but that of theft and violence . The immense revenue derived from the soil , and which of itself would be sufficient to bear all the legitimate charges of the state , including adequate provision for the education of the people , the sustentation of the unfortunate and afflicted , public works , and national improvements , is appropriated by those who make it their boast and pride that they impose upon others their share of labour—the toil which no bodv of men can shirk without injustice to their
fellow men . A . cunningly-devised system of credit and exchange invests the wealthy with the power to continually add to their wealth , the power to make money grow money , leaving the wealth-producers no alternative hut social serfdom or death . Did ever the worst of tyrants devise a system of serfdom more bitter , more abominable , than that to which the engineers are subjected by their victorious masters . The * Times' admits that' the operatives have been beaten bv the immediate pressure of want , ' and
adds— 'It is quite true tliat capital has out'Staned labour , or in oilier icords that money has got the letter of industry . But this consequence teas absolutely inevitable . If labour and capital are ever brought into collision under such conditions of society as exist among vs , capital mast needs icorJ ; its will with labour . ' Keed more words be added to prove the unhappy position of the wealth-producers prostrated at the feet of triumphant Mammon . —the gagged , scourged slaves of wealth , and power ?
Doubtless as long as ' the existing conditions of Society' continue , money will pet the better of industry , and capital will work its will with labour . But these conditions must be changed , set aside , absolutely reversed . The thins ; created must be made sabsarvient to its creator , capital must be made to do i ! ie work of labour , instead of tyramsing over and trampling upon labour . How can so glorioua a revolution be effected ? Not by any sadden and violent overthrow of the existing system , but by -wise and honest legislation . Such legislation , however , is
impossible while the House of Commons continues the representative of a mere fraction of the people . The rest of * our glorious institutions' are simply barbarous , mischievous , or ridiculous ; but the House of Commons , as at present constituted , is the monster nuisance and chief bulwark of all the iniquities of the existing ( political and social ) system . Its reformabsolute root-and branch—thoroughly democratic reform , is the prime necessity , the great work to fhieh every true patriot is bound to devote himse f , heart and sonl .
The People ' s duty in the forthcoming General Election is the all-important question of the hour , compared with which all other questions sink into absolute nothingness . Granted that a too general apathy prevails over the land , that is only the more reason why week by week , day by day , every good Democrat should thunder into the ears of the masses to shake off their slavish torpor , come forth , and acquit fremselves like men . It is not yet too late to summon the sons of labour from field and factory , -work-£ nop , and mine ; to summon them to confront both feora and candidates , and demand of both .
< pncE pon Ait . Let no one say the people cannot re moved . Correspondence , public and private , shews me that , at least a few—an enlightened and co urageous few—are already moving . Let them persevere , and they will not fail to rouse the soul , and ence more send the life blood coursing in streams of ore ilirong h the veins of the mighty People—mighty , Mvinsible , when thoroughly aroused to life and action , let the working men throughout the country note , admire , and emulate the patriotic conduct of the men ° f the Tower Hamlets . The election of WlLUAM ^ ewtox would be a victory "worth any labour , any sacrifice . And the election of twelve such men
* oald be the doom of the existing system . Imagine fcelve earnest Democrats in the House of Commons , lien wno would take care that no dodging should prevent their ' catching the Speaker's eye , ' no clamour should reduce them to silence , no etiquette Invent them thundering the naked truth in the ears ° f aristocrats , usurers , placemen , and adventurers ; 'ould not the the speedy triumph of Democracy be assured
? A People's Party in support of such men ? yM of necessity spring into being , and , like ^ bursting " full-armed from the brow of ' vrrrEE , would at once assume the potency , and extubit the power to compel the false Legislature to Bow submissive to the popular will . Suppose William Newton not elected , the battle 2 } Bot "fe been fo"g « t in vain . The wrongs and ; - = « ts of Labour will have been unveiled and
vindiatv oa the Hustings , and in the presence of an £ *• nee not otherwise obtninable . But the battle . jp » . and lost , what then % It cannot he that the | ^ wcracy of the Tower Hamlets will sit down con-|^ - with their defeat Good sense and manly pride , kit V ° P atriotism » wil ! dictate organisation , pit-- - > an ( * snck P P aration as must ensure ¦ si- " 7 * , tlle not d 5 stant htore . What may—what | l' £ ti ° nein tbc Tower Hamlets - may—let me ifj , ' : ; ™ - —be done elsewhere , everywhere . If funds lC "; ' . raised in time to contest th « noil st . lonet
hi . } Tonfs cand ^ ates take the hustings , defend , lX . , . 'f ; . t ! ie "guts of the people—the eutire ^ i V- V 'J ° "Ce 3 earu that tlie Democrats of the it ^ p , , l 3 " Yorkshire propose to take fhia iW i-. ^ m * y thc 7 so resolve . If possible , every hv .. u , l'lvy t 0 ^ in that important district should Kt i * tr Sn ?? atic candidate or candidates ; ' out if Isaia ZT « ' ** least let WakefieId witness ont > e I **** of 7 iiS £ mg of the sons of Labour , from all r * - - a in g ' u P lift their toil-seamed hands , r- ' ii'CF t ' fc for a principle—the principle of L- ^ KtT ^^ " ^ iu . r ** aJM !» w ^ emoci > ats of Yorkshire were ever I - * i m Freedom ' s cause , no one part of the
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country enjoys a monopoly of political virtue , llany a gallant battle has been fought in Manchester . Birmingham , Nottingham , Edinburgh , Glasgow , Dundee , &c . ; and surely the old spirit yet survives . Let , then , the old banner be again unfurled and all who love Freedom , and would lend a aand to promote her triumph , rally under its ample ftlds . Men of the People—inheritors of sufferino- and oppression—it is for you to determine if you will leave to your children the sad heritage bequeathed by your fathers , or if instead thereof you will confer on your successors the rich inheritance of Freedom re-won , and Justice re-established . If worthy the of cannot hesitate
name men , you aa to your duty And th first step au enlightened sense of duty must enjoin is to show , to testify , to make evident , that you resent and repudiate the arrogant claims of a traction of tho people to make laws for you , laws disposing of your labour and your lives . You will best ; do so by gathering in your thousands around each Hustings , by exercising , as far as possible , your rieht of Suffrage , by giving your voices in favour of caudidafcs of your own selection and by proclaiming to the world , that any assumption on the part of representatives of the privileged minorit y , to perform the functions of Legislators for the nation , will stamp them as impostors , usurpers , and violators of the People s Sovereignty .
I must add a few words concerning the tyrant itOSAS * On the evenings of the 29 th and 30 th ult , the reception of Rosas at Plymouth was made the subject of question and answer in Parliament . The fiarl of Malmesbuiiy and Mr . Disraeli , united in declaring that the Government had not given orders for ofiMal honours to be paid to the ex-dicator . Thev admitted however , that a Treasury Order hud been sent to the Custom House Officials at Plymouth , directing that the baggage of Piosas should be passed' with all the consideration due to the eminent rank and station which he lately occupied . This' said the Foreign
, Secretary , ! ' was almost a stereotyped order used in the case of all foreigners of distinction arriving in this country , Indeed ! Was such an order issued pre . vious to the arrival of Lotjis Blanc , Ledru Rolus } Joseph Mazzini , and Louis Kossuth ? Certainly not . By ' foreigners of distinction / ' his lordship must mean those royal visitors who occasionally inflict their unwelcome presence upon the country , such as ' His Koyai Highness the Count D'Aguila , Lord High Admiral of the Neapolitan fleet ; ' at present the guest of the Naval authorities at Portsmouth , lne friends to Freedom and Humanity are unrecognised by the Government , whose comnliments and
courtesies are reserved for blood-reeking tyrants and the scions of royal rascaldom . Mr . DISRAELI wane stating that , ' no orders had been given to the heads of Departments at Plymouth , ' added that , « he entirely approved of tho conduct of those officers I" He approves of Qdees Victoria ' s representatives paying homage to bAw . NET Bease ! 0 ! shame ! whero is thy bWh V Coupling the reception of Eosas with tho Prime Minister s denunciation of the Press , for its strictures upon the ? SS ? Sl ! "l l ? P ° jy e . t ° <» n ° ^ a ^ other conelusion than that
our Tory Ministers have a natural sympathy with savageand truculent tyranny , all the world over , bucn men should have a Rosas to rule them . It is reported , as a verified fact , that on the tyrant ' s flight from linenos ^ yres , there was discovered * at his ' quiucu , ' or country seat , a collection of human skulls , labelled with die namis of tlttir former owners ! The addition of certain ' heads of departments' to the ex-Dictator ' s collection , would be a fitting and right worthy sequel to the Plymouth reception . L'AMI DU PEUPLE .
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THE POLES AXD RUSSIA . TO TIIE EDITOR OP THE STiB OF FREEDOM . nnin nn ? EAR SlB ' ~ The subjoined contains an answer to calutnniou 9 assertionsofthe"Augsbun ; UniversalG .-. zette ' reproduced by the « Times . " As these affect both the ch iracter and mission of the Polish refugees , it is for us a duty to give to their refutation as much publicity , if possible , a ? the slander had obtained , for which * e invoke youi help , requesting you to insert our answer in you- valuable columns . Yours , truly and frLrnally , S . WOECELL . . > . „ ™ *? raranMR OF THE A 1 AGEXERE ZE 1 TCNC .
vouMWn ^ fr ° m th f" / imei " news I P erot > A Pri 1 2 S " > . that jour l osen correspondentinfonns you of the dismay said to be we-Sr ? TV * l ° l P ^ nce , on account of tt > e . » ews « foS nffi ^ L the refa ? ces bave beenlcd by despair 10 the resolve of throning themselves into the arms of liussia , and of S « Sf ° ™»*« y *<»» the Emperor Nicholas . This m-m is utterly false . The persecution to which the body of the Polish emigrants is subjected , is by no means recent , and could not , therefore , have produced sucheffiet . When , twenty years ago , the Pol-8 passedl « , liassc into erile in quest of a soil on which to fl-eely work oat tnc restorattpn of their country , they knew full well what hardships they would have to encounter , and , strong in their faith , they did not shrink from them . Persecution dia but steel their hearts , invigorate their energies , stimulate in them the spirit of seltsaeri-1 ™™ " * 7 WaS om am 0 D S emigrants that at various epochs «? S T "un ? . er 0 Ui martJrs who conveyed to the country words ^ h ^ t I i ! dllt ? at the ex P ense of their Swu blood , rff trilfc * "PPortumtj arose to fight , arms in hand , the enemies pt tueir fatherland . Nor have the recent events in France altered , ^^' ¦ f ^^ Bs and convictions of the refugees , whilst the addiuon to the . r body , since 1848 . Of about 2 . 000 % -oun ? member * .
un to dOT " m " * ™ 5 * « fugees has never given itse f 2 k « t affinl " ° ever dis . ^ acsd ' nor CT « «*!! disgrace itself , eit-ierDj imploring or accepting an amnesty and if amone its ^ ta iL ^ tasta / r * vUe «» S * 2 " SSrftt ^^ r *? - * , e naturcs S ^ rous accomplices , Sfflbe ™™ ri a * ?? i charaeter a 114 antecedents are knowii ffi ofXhndv « fpi \ ? B pres t nt Tiws « tendencies , and w « tedhvAp ?? w Ollshre / nsces > torare well known andai .-precuted hy the mlnbitants of the Grand Uuchv of Poscn as well £ n ° cedItTtfT ** prOvinccsof Volmi - Warttoo \ el w " ala to ^ Z ^ i eVeranC v . ftherefuSees in keeping to their post , friabteneaor ^ ui ^? 1 " !^? 11 4 ° f tteir miss ' «» be « thS cont ^ ar ? ^? onraSed > J ' ei' - present condition , which they , on Sateria ^ s i ^« f T ' ¥ mnch M in them Iies . *» Aviate by to w of n ? , r , ^ f- VC 1 * e " entsof France , far from lessening SS ™ 1 uation , have exercised a salutary influence by s . rengiueniug , among thePoles , that very old belief of theirs " thit SSaSaT " effortS de P endt « e wJva ^ on ofXJ fXerfandfsuMeo ? T ' E 1 > aC i ' , pniaenceallow "S enlarge upon that
London / lg V 1 S ^ " ^* KSC £ ^~ »
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FRANCE . BONAPARTE AND THE WORKING CLASSES-THE "TIMES" CORREBPONDBST , AND THE CO OPE RATI 7 E ASSOCIATIONS-RUMOURS OP INSUR * REOTION—TI 1 B TYRANT'S " CLEMEN 0 Y . " 'From our own Comsp ' jndent ) . Paris , May 6 th . The Presidenfciatohavehis /^ con Monday , his grand distribution of eagles , his fireworks , and his monster ball . For all true Republicans , whatever their shade or colour there is no anniversary at present save the 4 th of May which was kept in their hearts if there wasno official ceremony The proclamation on that memorable occasion of the Republic , is a date that will mark its history , despite the insinconty of the adhesion of the majority . Deeply are the people of France to blame for having allowed themselves to be so wretchedly deceived by charlatans and tricksters . Let it howeve
, r , be a lesson and a warning to them for the " kee ft wheathey tove the power in their hands they nn ^ Ui f f i aP ° leOni 8 T r ! ^ ' th < 5 WOrk ' Dg Ol ^ 8 H deep and artful game . He is professing to be their friend . Many are deceived by him , and though the educated and thinking working men are to a man opposed to his usurna . tionand tyranny , tho ignorant and unreflecting are inclined to support him . They are taken in by the fact that a certain amount of money is being devoted to public works , and hence there u in certain trades a factitious pros ! ff ? &ni , L ? S A ^ we J nfi down a few dfty 8 back to the Faubourg St . Antome , and hero he found a general prevaingfeelingagainstthe presentsystem . butstillflargenum . theyi ° d work ° acceptthe government as long as w 2 hT , mSWTr ° ne large seotion of the workinS classes which is more than ever opposed to every form of despotism ; I allude to all fchoBe connected with literature in its variousbranches . All literary men , save thounprinoJled who sell their pen to the highest bidder , nrinters M « S tors
, paper-makers , vendors of journals , are full of hate for ^ mJ * " ?? 0 ^? ' . They are mercilessly thrown out of employment , left to starve , and to struggle with the world as best they may . The result is natural . Always Demo-? ik ? % T 1 " ^ Me more than ever convinced that they , Th ! ° P er trades , can only prosper in a free country Thejupenorolassof workmen-necessarily better educated than their feUoirs-oabinet-maken , boot and shoe makers , carpenters , furniture makers , and masons , are still as Democratic as ever . It is among porters , casual iST ' i ? ° / theAaHfl ' where PhyBical strength is everything and moid nothing , that Louis Kapoleon rewrite hisworkmg class supporters . . With regard to the infamous lies of the unprincipled Jxubman , who writes the Paris Correspondence of the Umes whose ignorance is only eoualled bv his imn .,.
oenee , no mau should bo guided by what he says . He does not profess to write what he thinks . He writes up to the ideas of his paper . With regard to his remarks relative to Co-operative Associations , they are written with ' his usual bad faith . He said little relative to Co-operative Associations previous to the 2 nd of December , when they were , to a certain extent , flourishing . He dared not . They ThUnT ^ Progress . I , myself , was for a long time in tnonabit of dining at an Associative Restaurant , and of ttKing ray coffee at an Association . At the Restaurant I could nave a dinner of soup , three courses , and half a bottle of wine , for about a shilling , which cooked far less well , -would nave cost me m the Palais Royal twice as much ; while my coffee , for three pence half-penny . was far superior to
tae ordinary cup of coffee at 5 d . and Gd . Besides , one had tftG satisfaction of speaking to men , instead of slaves , with whom , no matter what our seeming socialstation , we wereon an equality , and who would have refused a fee as an insult iiut now associations are next to impossible . To belong to ono is to be marked , at the first movement , for Cayenne . JB vcry stumbling block is thrown in their way by tho police , ihey are tracked , watched , persecuted . In the provinces they are all dissolved , in Paris in a great measure . How can associations prosper as they should do , without power to organise , to meet , to discuss without haying an organ to promulgate their ideas ; and yet this truculent and inso . ent knave , whose sole thought is to be on as good terms as possible . at the Elysee , comes forward in his correspondence , and warns hi 3 gullible readers of the failure of associations , and the consequent downfall of Socialism . The persecution of Republican workmen is carried to a irigutfulextent . The oabarets , Hestaurants . a . nA Q « inmiem * nf
tno barriers are mfeBted by a mob of spies , who are on tho look out for all those who express an opinion in favour of Republican opinions , or who utter a word that cau be construed into disrespect towards the President . They are at once sweated and condemned to fine and imprisonment They have no mercy shown them . Everything is being done to prevent the working classes &T . H ? P the / ete of the 1 Oth < ^ sports are reiusedtoaUof known democratic opinions , while none are allowed to come up who cannot show money enough to keep them a fortnight in the capital . *
It is very widely rumoured that the democrats will have their fete or the 10 th ; meaning that they will rise in insurrection behind the traitor army , and dispute their return to Pans . I do not believe this . Every democrat I icnow , denies any such intention . I believe the OrleanistB are so exasperated that they would wish to provoke a movement , but I have no reason to suppose that very many will join them . The people have their own affairs to attend to . without fighting the battles of a family , which , however hardly used , has never been their friend . The "Gazette" of Languedoo has just been tried by the Tribunals for an article in which the President is lightly spoken of , and his policy severely criticised . The journalist was accused of having provoked civil war , &c , and endangered the safety of the State . Ho has harm ai . miU . ri . rt
and on retiring from court received a popular ovation . Ihe celebrated Arthur O'Connor , one of the chiefs of the United Irishmen and a member of the Irish Directory , died at bis chateau of Bi gnon , inthe Loiret , on the 23 rd of April , in the S 9 th year of his age . The financial world has beed startled by a considerable fell in the four-and-a-half per cents . Some time ago the tzar sent instructions to Paria to apply to the French treasury for the reimbursement of the five per cent , stock of which he is the holder . This amounts to two millions sterling . It is now reported at the Bourse that five per cents , representing a capital of one million sterling have been sold out for the Emperor , and that the reimbursement
mhrfV 8111 ? ? * on sterlin S been demanded afc the ministry of finance , the term of delay for making the latter demand is , as you are aware , extended by the decree of conversion to the 14 th of this month . This step on the part of the Russian goveanment seems bvno means an imrS it ? t ° n ^ r 1 ^ not ° ™ usly unfavourable view to the era ir 8 Na oleon ' 8 ulterior ^ rations Still the report is so much credited as to alarm many mulents here . They affect to believe that the cries of the drunken soldier , on their return from the Champs de Mars , will be so insulting as to provoke the people beyond all bearing , and that a conflict will be renewed like that of June ,
You , in London , know better than we do here the intention of the democratic party . Here we dare neither meet , nor correspond , nor write while there , though tracked enough by the connivance of our brutal Whig and Tory T ? ThT » l * V ° UCa ! ! . sp ( mk out ' y ° u can mee ' 'n safety . iiut here such is not the case . A friend of mine , a staunch democrat , writes to me f ' T * u 13 Ka P oIeon « for the present , too firmly seated to be overthrown . He is pleasing the thoughtless , uneducated , and careless among the workmen . All the little shopkeepers are with him , because they believe in his stability . His advisers , his Senate , his camarilla , his Parliament have no existence apart from him . Were Louis Napoleon dead , the army would stand motionless awaiting the event . The triumph of the real Republic would bo certain . Draw your own inference !"
M . Qtientin Baucbart has just returned from a tour in the provinces , professing to be a tour of clemency . Ho had the fate of 3 , 020 Republicans to inquire into . He consigned 1 , 013 to transportation , and set 1 , 377 at liberty while ho allowed l , 0 i 7 to return from exile . They call this " clemency , " " amnesty . " Let usjexamine how they have earned out their pretended amnesty . In the first place , the condemnations were Itopt up against every member of a secret society—against every well-known Republicanagainst every man who remained firm to his principles . The reporter says ;— "I maintained the condemnation against all those who refused to pledge themselves to be faithful to your person and (( government . None were pardoned , but those who declared that they accepted with gratitude the pardon granted them by the Prince Louis
Ivnooleon , and solemnly engaged never again to act with ths secret societies . " Does Louis Napoleon think , that wnen public men , statesmen , senators , generals , < iic ,, shovr utter disregard for their oaths , that the peasants and workmen , with wives and children calling for them , who , to save themselves from transportation , ask pardon , will not , when the day comes , avenge themselves ? They had all previously sworn to be true to the Republic , and the words of the report absolve them , beforehand , from all blame if they break their present engagement , which "frees" them
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from the impious imprecation which had been torn from them with a dagger bofore their eyes , in the dark . " All this is very fine . But the oath to be true to liberty , to defend the snored cause of Democracy is an oath from whioh no subsequent declaration can absolve them . And thus these " pardoned men" have a fixed residence appointed , with Cayenne before their eyes , if they leave it without a paas-port pompously indicating that they wore persons pardoned by the Prince . M . Gustav Yerdun Lagnrde , ono of the exiles of the 2 nd December , has juat died at Brussels . He has left 100 , 000 francs to found a school of Agriculture in his department , the Lot et Garonne . This is one of the men sent to perish in exile by Louis Napoleon . All the prisoners whose condemnations were maintained returned to prison , crying aloud " Vive laRepvbliqiieV One thing is worthy of remark .-r'fhose who most violently opposed and opposo clemency are the Orleanists and Legitimists . This should be a warningfo the Repubhcans . All are alike . *
Fetes , balls , dances , continue in rapid succession . The gang of adventurers who are at the head of affairs , and who dip so largel y into the coffers of the state , are spending money in the most reckless manner . Yesterday , dinner at the Luxembourg ; on the 8 th , ball at the Presidents of the Corps Legislative ; ball and jfee at the Champ de Marrs , on the 10 th and 11 th ; grand ball in a few days on the occasion of the marriage of that consummate Bcamp roue Fialin de Persigny with a grand-daughter of Marshal Ney . ADDITIONAL INTELLIGENCE . Some leading Legitimists and Orleanista have refused to take the oath of fealty , so also have the tribunals of
commerce at Erreux and Thiers . About 250 political prisoners under sentence of transpor . tation were embarked on the Requin , at Cette , on the 25 th ulb ., and on the next day 150 more left by the Eolaireur . Lieutenant-Colonel Mouton , on half-pay from an infantry regiment , who has been for some time confined at St . to for political reasons , was last week sent to Brest , under an escort of gendarmes , to bo transported to Algeria . Incendiary fires appear to be upon the increaso in the departments , especially in the Loiret and Haut TUrin . In many recent instances large tracts of wood have been consumed , and Tillages have been half destroyed .
GERMANY . Bbmjn . —The Legislative sitting on tho 2 Stli ulfc ., in the Second Chamber was an important and deoisivo one . The President of the Council presented a royal message , which demands from the Chambers the abrogation of Articles 65 and C 8 of the constitution , and that from the 7 th of August tho formation of the First Chamber shall depend solely on the King . The agitation caused by the reading of this message was so great that it was impossible for some time to hear what the different speakers said . The impression that it produced was such that the proposition to change Artioles 99 and 62 of , the constitution , with a view to placing further restrictions on the vote of the budget , was rejected by a large majority .
ITALY . KAPLE S . —Death has taken away another of the wretched instruments of the Neapolitan government . The too celebrated president of the Criminal Court , Navarra , died on the 22 nd ult . Kb sufferings wero extreme . He first Bniffed blood in | ' 99 , from which period he had shown a savage satisfaction in condemning political offenders . Tho Neapolitans look upon his painful death as a visitation of divine Providence . It is generally believed that Morelli , another perverter of justice , will be appointed to the post of Navarra , and then the state trials will be again resumed .
PIEDMONT . The " Piedraontese Gazette" of the 27 th ult . gives tho following account of a terrible explosion in the powder manufactory at Turin . It took place at three-quarters past eleven a . m ., at the moment when the workmen were going away ; The explosion was caused by the spontaneous combustion of a mixture intended for mining powder , contained in an open vat . This was observed by two men who were on duty at the machines , and they saw the fire communicate itself to two graining cylinders , which contained together 5 , 000 kilogrammes , thence to a mixture of 2 , 000 kilogrammes ready for graining , and , lastly , to 3 , 000 kilogrammes spread out to dry in the open air . The explosion of this mass set fire to a small magazine containing fine gunpowder , and to another containing 10 , 000
kilogrammes of miniDg powder . Meanwhile a sergeant , named Sacchi , seeing that the large magazine , containing 40 , 000 kilogrammes of gunpowder , was in imminent danger , boldly sprang forward , and snatched an ignited blanket away , which would undoubtedly have caused the magazine to explode , had it been left there a few seconds longer . By this time succour arrived , and the fire engines began to play . The Duke of Genoa arrived on the spot , and gave the necessary orders to Major Delia Rovere , of the royal artillery , who accordingly assumed the direction of the necessary operations . The King and the Prince de Carignan also arrived shortly after , animating the men by their presence . The number of persons killed was fourteen , and twenty-one were wounded . They were crossing the canal at the time to go to their meals , whey they were overwhelmed by the fragments which fell in all directions . ¦
EGYPT . According to a letter from Alexandria dated the 22 nd , received in Paris , the Tureo-Egyptian difference is settled . Abbas Pacha submits to the Tanzimat , but is allowed right of life and death for seven years .
INDIA . THE EXPEDITION AGAINST THE BURMESE - CONFLICT WITH HILL TRIBES-GREAT HAIL STORM—EXECUTIONS . Bombw , Arm 3 rd , —The force destined for Eurmab , after many delays and apparent changes of purpose , has at length got under way , and while we write ( April 2 nd ) has probably all , or neavly all , arrived at Moulmein , its appointed place of rendezvous . By the time this reaches the English reader the work of destruction will probably have been completed , and Rangoon and Mart&ban . and not improbably Prorae itself , be in ashes . Our extreme north-west frontier continues to be disturbed—as highland borders are always apt to be—by forays of the hill men . On the 11 th a force of about 2 , 500 men consisting of the
1 st troop 1 st brigade Horse Artillery , under Captain Baldwin ; head-quarters and 600 men of her Majesty ' s 32 nd Regiment ; a wing of the 29 th Regiment Native Infantry ; the whole of the CGth Regiment Native Infantry ( Goorkas ) , the 15 th Irregular Cavalry , and a company of Sappers and Miners , left Peshawur under Sir Colin Campbell for the Eusufzlie . On the 20 th they are said to have been attacked by tho enemy : the fighting is stated to have have lasted three hours , when the Jiill men were beaten off . Tho loss is said to have been considorablo on both sides—100 killed and wounded ; we have no further particulars . India is itself generally tranquilsettling indeed into a atato of somnolence as the hot
weather draws on . Betwixt the ICth and 25 th ult . there seems to have been a series of atmospheric disturbances all over the country . Hail fell at the former of these dates at Kandy , in Ceylon , about the size of beans ; near Bangalore , and'in the Deccan near Hydrabad , the hailstones were in the latter case the size of small oranges , about two inches in diameter , oval like an egg j and hailstorms wero frequent , and rain almost universal over the north-yrest provinces and the Punjaub . The Bombay newspapers continue as warm as ever on tho subject of the oorruptness of the subordinates of the secretariat , wd the e xtreme misconduct of government in connexion with naroda affairs .
The Criminal Sessions , which commenced on the 18 th , closed on the 23 rd . The calendar was heavy : two of the prisoners were convicted of murder—one , a Malay had stabbed several people , one of whom died of his wounds ; the other , a sepoy of tho marine " , battalion , shot a low caste man at Sion Fort , who had abused him grossly and immediately surrendered himself , confessing the act , which he would not allow to be criminal , as he said the man doserved death for abusing a soldier while oa duty . Both were executed on Monday last , on a new drop , the first used m India , on the European plan . A married women , of 22 years of age , at Poonah , nursing an infant , has just been convicted of murdering a child , five years old by cutting its throat from ear to oar , for the salso ofiu ornaments , valued at 18 s . She has been left for execution
THE KA . PF 111 WAR . tt ? < & § th ^^^ Sir Havry Smith was to have taken the field on the 8 th mat . m person . A considerable number of Burshers wore HS £ &Tpi «? bad heard of lli 8 removal « but * hild The news frem King William ' s Town is to the 27 th of February . The British were waging a war of devastated , burnig the villages and destroying the crops of the Kaffirs A considerable number of Kaffirs and Hottentots had boen slain .
LATEST NEWS . By the arrival yesterday , of the Steamer , Harbinger , wo learn the arrival of the now governor , Lieutenant General Cathcart . Sir Harry Smith had entered the Waterkloof , and seemed determined to follow tho enemy to tho Amatota mountains .
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y ^ t UNITED STATES . ^ rafefefelCAN COR RESPONDENCE . KOSSUTH'S PROGRESS-PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS-INCREASE OF MORMONISM , &c . ( From our own Correspondent . ) New York , April 21 , 1852 . Today the royal steamship Africa will leave this port ior Liverpool , and as my last was forwarded by the Boston steamer you will now receive the resume of a full week ' s "fP ' 111111 intelli gence and occurrences , "—those awful pmoJ \ ° youv < quondam Spring Rice , whom your aristochSiic oTtRgr ^ ts . MonteagIe ' erowMIe vouvsDlMnpi ^ j P ondent must beg that your readers , and no e JroSP ^ l , 5 ivo Mm credit for not making S CS £ t occasion may deserve , any incibut judge as a de&Jrnns''iro on this sido the Atlantl ° i cachev ? nt , as tesS bv h 5 T ° ' rperim $° r $ of In the first nhno 7 , tho tl : cosmopolitan standard , iu wu , lusc piaeo , then , a * r , n » .., ;/ i . j :.. » ...- « h « i i uiauuuac
, UntlSil public Of . 1 falliov h , i " - «««» . we w mo by a certain port on of 2 a % t * beon loudly Procla ime 5 has sunk in theSSmation !? ' that Louis Ko 9 Suth in reality less ze .-U and * wmitao ^ <* that there are than when ho set his footC upon oS > ify ^ ? iU that we have moderated tho ff of m , ^ " ltiS t l ™ onlytotokeamoro tangiblo anfiuttffiT ^^^ great Magyar is not far out whe U e " 1 gffi . $ f £ ? the almighty dollar" he has t » itted « Iffi J » ? work wonders evea for him and his cTuntejST * y So much , by way of prefaco , was due , in ordev tobrin *
of Trenton and Jersey City have madoTtVo . ing ^ insignificance all the displays which perjured presidents o * pampered ecclesiastics hive made to impose on the cr edu ity of mankind . Hero , there was a voluntary homage to the real nobility of nature-there , you have , at best , but a Hypocritical submission to a forced ovation . And I feol q " ! l C a M , tLattlie People of this republic will respond witti all the earnest zeal that characterises their nature ta ? wj ^ Th * ? Uoh tlie no ^ le Kossuth uttered both yesterday and the day before ,
emtSms tif' Baid 1 ^ ' ' atTrc » t ° " . on Monday , by Christian D&U' £ ho arr ? f"t ' y claimed my life , I , a Christian too . was tbuuTlL m VloWe Turk "B" 1 " ** the blood-thirstiness of ChrisaSSnrete ? "( nd * tt . & . t 0 say ' tIie first cxilcd Go ™ « wisGnwtnfo ? * t 0 ' sa »« eiit independence , was thrown back a wlence n ^ ttSUl 1 lnto tlle nei ghbourhood of that very placo M ^ SrsstitPlin " , '' 1 tho r I ! Simd * ears a S ° tIie tot chief of the ™ S And e . « H i eadofhl 8 l ' ° l t 0 seek a new home in Pan-^ AtZZMhf ^ ' - ? ^ Banner , of hia prison the ? 2 « " ° take ' , U lto of aU des P > < M of dsBB " r ¥ r « * "&& £ siis > 'iv » « v - - «» .- *^' Jsj £ 1 Sj % ^ r ^ aJS us s t atsns ? ft ff ftw-S " . «„« ^^ K ! i ? ¦*« BE * - - ^ n fining to America I was en trust *! tn i ™ - .,-i . i , ~ * ..
, SLTsiiiH ^*' " - *™ ' - " eeTcbecrfawi bnde > Were ^ " > y danger alone , you would wLreKtur ? nf * - - ptmn ) y brow : £ "' "here the blood , BponlbL . f ™ ,, l " a 10 n , . IS at stake > tu « c h ^ iYaraoTKc n . ' { "Therefore I TX ** m ?/ . Part <*"»» thevuin of millions . ' « 5 ^ S £ F = w" * SS ! 63 fiLrW S ^ Stffew ? { '«''« W most toS Tot 1 i- , , as bef 0 l ' > then I c "t ™ t Jo « £ prelim ; Otl ' at CSpVeSSed in th 0 woras ' ' <» . *«"
nol W IS . declaratl 0 n ° O » Section in your country ' s future ? 2 f ' '' rtlie combination of our cnemies-the withhold-™ h * ? " would strengthen them-your private aid to . S * S j * T 0 llr preparations and to maintain Si ^ 1 ^! i . < lim w ther 8 ftuid of youraid » " > y l « 'e " » unprepaiea to profit by whatever opportunity . taLS M- afl f ? t 010 soe Amorica fors ! > ko the triumph of Free-& 1 K Camsm on earth ' aml Iook c ^ elessly at the con-S ^ "o ^ hment of all overwhelming despotism . There ! £ ? I ' , , ° om for a" Immanity-lbr your o » n future , ShK ft ? ^ veless » - 8 HU , I declare before God and man , even or be f'ce " y "ot maUc us falter in our ^ solution to die
It may answer very woll for your Press in Europe , as a largo portion even of our own does , to burke the speeches and cushion the numerous assemblies which are made and held in reference to the cause of Hungary ; but not all the scribes in the universe could now undo by their writings the deeds that tho Magyar has achieved by his eloquence : ile is soon to quit our boons ; but he will have left behind nim- » A . name—a word of fear , Which tyranny shail quake to hear . isotMng could exceed the enthusiasm of the people of jSow Jorsey , while Kossuth yesterday described how , ¦
,, J ? . " ? i ™^ d ( : mi-E ° as of the Hungarian people fought like herpes und died with a smile on their lips , and tvrants trembul treacueiy , and I « m an exile and mv country is fettered with KSdthitte "S " 01 br ° ken : <* W ^ That is my 5 ^ nV ^ 8 al J . the Past ' and once nwc I will lead my HS S , ti ^ W ? i 2 foIloiv rae in the '" ' S ' ««» of Ueaveu to fight over the battle ior freedom once more . ( Applause . ) Bat we would have fair play , and we would have something morei " harn than our nails to fight With- ( applause ) -fox ? Jather andTd
huma-And fair play will assuredl y be secured whenever the struggle comes , ior Russia will this time find that intervention , like war itself , is a gamo that were the people wise kings woald not play at . " The Miscellaneous News I have to forward by thisonnortumty must be compressed , like our bales of cotton are , mto the smallest possibles compass . That j ? rand source of almost endless debate , the printing for Congress , has been settled by a compromiso-tlie joint committee havioggiven he Senate work to the Republic , and the Assembl y wort to the Union . Nicojob , altogether ! About 100 , 000 dollars LI ? f r JfM aCh r ' ^ ' P ositorsterm " . and nogreat trouble : for example , tho President ' s message , wVrica . is in every postmaster ' s hands throughout the union , ready for issue when the electric telegraph announces that the bv th ? nvinf ?^ r Vedln Co - l f ' * really no * delivered by the printer to Congress itself until some days
afternJS , i iU WsmJ oftho Printing Bill , there has beea » nih gAOnVm C x ? ngress since the last steamei-sailed worthy of notice . Many petitions have been presented foe an increased allowance to the Collins line of steamers , but Enfi / ft " ' ^ is ' ^ wever , looked upon ' as a contest between this country and England for maritime supremacy , and thero can bo little doubt the vote will 3 £ mately be obtained . Tho diafcaueo between St . John ' s , Newfoundland , and Galwayin Ireland , 13 only about 1 , 650 miles ; from New York to Liverpool the distance is more than 3 , 000 , Now , tae telegraph from GaWay to London being announcedfor completion this year the authorities of Newfoundland have granted thirty years' exclusive privilege to H . B . Tibbatta ami associates for working a submarine telegraph for fortveight miles , and tho remainder b y laud . Thus , an ocean steamer may make the voyage from noint to nninf . in IZ
aays , and by the telograph London and New York , ov evea New Or eans , will be brought certainl y whhin half the present distance as measured by time . The Mormons are making great headway . Almost inconceivably so . Without the addition of a cent toanyman ' a taxes , the total amount received in 1851 was more than tZi ° nf Q -n of 18 ? ' and tlie ' « tory now extends a dis-E ? Iri ^ lle 8 in ° . ne direction , while companies are Ami H li ( l / Orcari ' ying r a ? ttleRlents both east and wost . haf ? o , Jpn r ? maSSO -u milterialwork which Arae » ca Ismin . ftS ^ pliS ^ y 0 tt y wondep t 0 ^ ar of a publication i 1 f £ , g /* mo i rPress hero ' more adapted to the mysticisms of the old Gorman school of philosophy and tho Kantean metaph ysics , than to tho work-a-day world which is pressing , crushing , and jostlin / j all onwards " to California
or Connecticut . " Jiut a Mr . Henry James has oome out with a work of the character I have desoribed , aud for your perusal I forward some extracts that may probably be read with interest m Europe , whenever you have space to devote to their insertion . You will see that tho writer maintains the essential life of man to be identic al with the life of God , or , in other words , tho potrer which nature obeys is tae same which constitutes tho essence of humanity God ( says he ) is in truth essential Man ; he dwells in every soul of man as in hia sole tabernacle ; a really infinite nower vivifies man , and forms his vital self-hood "
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LECTURES IN THE ~ MTOOP OLIS . GUIDE TO TnfLECTlJRE-IlOOM , SSSfilS Additi 0 " «« &ftiaSfiS IlK ^^ Oth ( 71 ,, Jlteiurr ° « . ~ Mav Oth dlJ a . m <) , fl . lorson , M . A ., Ji ^ ST ^ S ^ ' - ^ * Pft Thomas Cooper , -life . fiSSoStJ ? ' 8 h «^ orn ,-M ay Ofh ( 8 ) , P . W . Perfitt fTf& % A ?^^ , ^ " «^^^ 1 Lc 1 ture " ° nIliterilry lnMituUon . Bethnal-green .-Miiy 9 th ( 71 ) ,
Aveopapus Coffee and Readin B Hoom . 3 D , Church-lane , White-KK . ?> M ° " ' and Wcdnesday ( 8 '' lecture or City Forum Coffee House , GO , Redeross-street .-Every Sunday Monday , ana Thursday , ( 81 ) , a Lectur e . a « "uay , Eclectic Institute , Ilenmark-street , Soho .-Every Friday igu Mr . J . 15 . OBvien . Home and Foreign Politics . Everv Siinfr '' ( 7 J ) , on ' Moral and Social Science . ' aver y Sunday Commercial Hall , TliilpotEtrtet , Co ; imcreiiil . road P-ief w 13 ( S ) , Mr . H .. 11 . Kicholls , Characteristics of ^ K ? 1 ee " o ^ -Theoligical Discussions every Sunday morning fli ) Simrtn d '' ing ( 7 ) , Tuesday ( 8 ) , Thursday ( 8 ) , and Saturday ( fi ) " even > Social Institution , Charles-street , Old Garratt MnnnJ , . 4 Tay 9 th ( 111 a Lecture . warratt , Manchester . -
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Snow is May ! -On Sunday afternoon tho nn *^ ™ 1 portion of the metropolis wa 8 TIBited witk I h ^ Btem of wind and rain . Between tho ZwewV heaVy 8 towa largo flakes for some minutes Wm the 8 Q 0 W I « Uin
E Forthcoming General Election.
E FORTHCOMING GENERAL ELECTION .
Iforifgit Atttf ©Olonfal Etrteutgenw, ,
iforifgit atttf © olonfal EtrteUtgenw , ,
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GARDENING CALENDAR . ... ... PITCHES OAKDE . V . As tie pruic pal summer crops are now planted attenticn will W ¦^ Swa ^ fflrSKiwStSSS aSBRMSS SSEEaSKSlS ssrssaajT '' ^ ss « ri ! 5 ? 2 BarSafS ?^ j 5 ?? ttSttczxssffi&sr * ™ a « i « k n » Mn aviatS , m ? ,, S «* SSS «? 2 , S 3 ? ner ] 5 ea » isi » av be planted , and « ucfcssim .. ii ~ 7 . ' V Z . ¦„ uu WulcLercnlircceol ^ and Cabbag ; S ^ Z onS ™ f' ^ i suj-piy of water and plenty of Sir , eheckS ^ SfM"& °° 01 nionsiwii varrois
u , -u-j , , aua i'arsn ps , ana thU is th ,. V Z r son forsowir-s the principal crops * f lt td ' a « d Uver B ' e " tl afv ana Sewzonen ; as jhey irequcmly run to seed wllea 4 mi earlier Assist by waUnugs the newly planted crops . Set j 1 « Tt ™ * S ctuv ., ^ ri 5 l , ardcaeaoftt o Vetransforred ' oip ' a ^ Sfs " or opaipartsofthegarden walls , next month . Afwfa . ffl&dS may » e uitU on a warm , slopin ;; bank . Sow Sweet anfl Hn ^ JiiisiJ , iri-Jj SweeVMarjoram in gentle heat for tranifn' « i make a so , vi « of tho- e kinds o f herta ^ r q " re ^ ke ""^ ^
HAT > DT FSCIT CAUSES . Apricots should be friqucnUy gone over , to destrov - snnHimih whu-h coils itseJf among the leaves . Uisl ud varelullv " iirst tnkimoff aU the Arerigbt shoots , . 3 the next ifa , e S& %£$£ not wanted for woud . A sught thinuing o £ tUtt young fruit should be made .
riOElSTS' FLOWEKS . As soon as the weather is favourable Dahlias should be planted onto :: veryncUaud well-prepared soil . It will i , ad-i--Ilile tn curer them with an inverted flower-pot if the ,, ; 3 Uls a lol h ., „ like l y to be frosty ; the main supports should aW now Kaced to th . in ; if deferred till a later ptned , the joun ^ litres are a » t to he hijuivd . Take care and extract dcc : < Tins j , esajs fro , ri , i . and thoiiKh goins out of flower , see that they do not want for the requisite attention , particularly be mindful of regular waterins Piss ? . —If not already done , these should have neat sticks rut to them , and the shoots thinned according to the strength of the nlant We would advise a few oyster shells to be placid round the roots these will be equally beneficial as to Carnations aud Picotee * pre ' \ emingatoo rapid evaporation of tha moisture , as well as keroine the roots covered when water is applied Weed Ranunculuses but do : iot stir the soil between the rows . Attend to Tulips as directed last week , &c-Gardener's Chronicle .
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'y ! O ~ a———— 1 ——a————¦ mb ¦ VOL . f . So . 1 , 19 BB 0 R . SATURDAY MAY 8 1852 PBICE MBBPBwwuwpwiinr , id ' — . ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 8, 1852, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1677/page/1/
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