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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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he performed upon diverse of the foremost , who as the manners terms it , sprang their luff and fell under the lee of the Revenge But the other course had been the better ; and might riffht weil have been answered in so great an impossibility of prevailing . Notwithstanding , out of the greatness of his mind , he could not be persuaded . " « .,. „ , ,. , , The wind was light . The San Philip , a huge high-carged ship , " of 1 , 500 tons , came up to windward of him , and , taking the wind out of his sails , ran abroad him .
" After the Eevenge was entangled with the San Philip , four others boarded her , two on her larboard and two on her starhoard . The fight thus beginning at three o ' clock in the afternoon , continued very terrible all tlmt evening . But the great San Philip , having received the lower tier of the Revenge , shifted herself with all diligence from her sides , utterly r aisliking her first entertainment . The Spanish ships were filled with soldiers , in some 200 , besides the marines , in some 500 , in others 800 . In ours there were none at all besides the mariners , but the servants of the commander and some few voluntary
gentlemen only . After many interchanged volleys ot great ordnance and small shot , the Spaniards deliberated to enter the Eevenge , and made divers attempts , hoping to force her by the multitude of their armed soldiers and musketeers , but were still repulsed again and again , and at all times beaten back , into their own ship or into the sea . 'In the beginning of the fight the George Noble , of London , having received some shot through her by the Armadas , fell under the lee of the Eevenge , and asked Sir Eichard what he would command him ; but being one of the victuallers , and of small force , Sir Eichard bade him save himself and leave him to his fortune . "
A little touch of gallantry , which we should be glad to remember with the honour due to the brave English heart , who commanded the George Noble ; but his name has passed away , and his action is an in memoriam , on which time has effaced the writing . All that august night the fight continued , the stars rolling over in their sad majesty , but unseen through the sulphur clouds which hung over the scene . Ship after ship of the Spaniards came on upon the Eevenge , " so that never less than two mighty galleons were at her side and aboard her , " washing up like waves upon a rock , and falling foiled and Shattered back amidst the roar of the artillery . Before morningfifteen several
armadas had assailed her , and all in vain ; some had been sunk at her side ; and the rest , " so ill approving of their entertainment , that at break of day they were far more willing to hearken to a composition , than hastily to make more assaults or entries . " " But as the day increased so our men decreased ; and as the light grew more and more , by so much the more grew our discomfort , for none appeared in sight but enemies , save one small ship called the Pilgrim , commanded by Jacob Whidden , who hovered ail night to see the success , but in the morning bearing with the Eevenge , was hunted like a hare among many ravenous hounds—but escaped . " ' ¦
All the power in the Eevenge was now speiit , all h&r pikes were broken , 40 out of her 100 men killed , and a great number of the rest wounded . Sir Richard , though badly hurt early in the battle , never forsook the deck till an hour before midnight ; and was then shot through the body while his wounds were being dressed , and again in the head ; * find Ms surgeon was killed while attending on him . The masts were lying over the side , the rigging cut or broken , the upper works all shot in pieces , and the ship herself , unable to move , was settling slowly into the sea ; the vast fleet of Spaniards lying round her in a ring , like dogs round a dying lion , and wary of approaching him in the last agony . Sir Eichard , seeing that it was past hope
, having fought for 15 hours , and " having by estimation 800 shot of great artillery through him , " commanded the master gunner , whom he knew to be a most resolute man , to split and sink the sMp , that thereby nothing might remain of glory or victory to the Spaniards ; seeing in so many hours they were not able to take her , having had above fifteen hours' time , above ten thousand men , and fifty-three men of war to perform it withal ; and persuaded the company , or as many as ho coald induce , to yield themselves nnto God , and to the mercy of none else ; but as ^ they had , like valiant , resolute men , repulsed so many enemies , they should ^ not now shorten the honour of their nation by prolonging their own lives for a few hours or a few davs .
The gunner and a few others consented . But obedience to such a request was more than could be expected of ordinary seamen . They had dared do all which did become seamen , and they were not more than men , at least than men were then . Two Spanish ships had gone down , above 1 , 500 men were killed , and the Spanish Admiral could not induce any one of the rest of his fleet to board the Eevenge again , " doubting lest
Sir Eichard would have blown up himself and them , knowing his dangerous disposition . " Sir Eichard lying-disabled below , theeaptain , finding the Spaniards as ready to entertain a composition as they could be to offer it , gained over the majority of the surviving crew ; and the remainder then drawing back from the master gunner , they all , -without further consulting their dying commander , surrendered on honourable terms . If
unequal to the English in action , the Spaniards were at least as courteous in victory . It is due to them to say , that the conditions were faithfully observed . And "the ship being marvellous unsavourie , " Alonzo dc Becon , the Spanish admiral sent his boat to bring Sir Eichard on board his own vessel . Sir Eichard , whose life was fast ebbing away , replied , that " . he might do with his body what he list , for that he esteemed it not ; " and as he was carried out of the ship , he swooned , and
reviving again , desired the company to pray for him . The Admiral used him with all humanity , " commending his valour and worthiness , being unto them a rare spectacle and a resolution seldom approved . ' The ofiicers of the rest of the fleet , too , John Higgins tells us , crowded round to look at mm and a new fight had almost broken out between the Biscayansand the ; i Portugals , " each claiming the honour of having boarded the Eevenge . .
In a few hours Sir Richard , feeling his end approaching , showed not any signs offaintness , but spake these words in Spanish and said , ' Here die I , Eichard Grenville , with a joyful and quiet mmd , for that I have ended my life as a true soldier ought to do that has fought for his country , Queen , relieion and honour . Whereby my soul most joyfully departeth out of this body , and shall always leave behind it an everlasting fame of a valiant and true soldier that hath done his duty as he was hound to do . When he had finished these or other such like words , he gave up the ghost with great and stout oourage , and no man could perceive any signs of heaviness in him . "
feuch was the fight atfflorcz , in the August of 1591 , without its equal in such of the annals of mankind as the thing which we call Mstory has preserved to us , scarcely equalled by the most glorious fate which the imagination ' of Barrere could invent for the Vengeur ; nor did it end without a sequel awful as itself . Sea battles have been often followed by storms and without a miracle ; but with a miracle as the Spaniards and the English alike believed , or without one , as we moderns would prefer believing , " there ensued on this action a tempest so
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terrible as was never seen or heard of in the like before . " A fleet of merchantmen joined the Armada immediately after the battle , forming in all 140 sail ; and of these 140 , only 32 ever saw Spanish harbour . The rest all foundered , or were lost on the Asores . The men of war had been so shattered by shot as to be unable to carry sail , and the Eevenge itself , disdained to survive her commander or , " as if to complete his own last baffled purpose , like Samson , buried herself and her 200 prize crew , under the rocks of St . Michael ' s . — Westminster Review .
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Astounding Project . —Within the last quarter of a century we have made great progress in locomotion , but certainly we were not prepared for the startling project of Mr . D . S . Brown , who proposes to reach America in 48 hours , and to make the voyage to India and back in a fortnight i Mr . Brown says , " The events of a year in the present age are equal to the occurrences of a century in the past ; projects which a short time ago were received with ridicule have long since passed into realities , and no longer excite our wonder ; such has been the case with railways and steam navigation . " Our correspondent intends
to put his theory into practice by vessels of quite different construction to those at present in use , giving them a greater depth of beam . He proposes to make the under surface of the ^ vessel , which is flat , of two inclined planes ; the effect of this will be , when the ship is in motion , to raise her whole hull to the surface of the water , thereby removing entirely the resistance at the ' bows , which is stated to be the great obstacle of her progress , being an illustration of the principle well known to every schoolboy who has thrown a stone slantingly on the surface of the water , making what is vulgarly called a duck and drake . By reducing the angles of the inclined plane speed could be added to the vessel , which could be increased from 30 to 60 miles per hour , and a ship so constructed would be as little affected by the ordinary waves of the Atlantic as a Gravesend steamer is by a Thames ripple . The hull is of a square tubular form ; the deck , bottom , and sides , being of great thickness , and , in order to combine lightness with strength , they are intersected throughout with hollow cells or cavities , consisting of a series of central cells , surrounded by another
series of smaller cells ; by means of these the weight of the vessels would be reduced to one-eighth of the amount , according to the number of series employed , and still have nearly all the advantages of solidity ; whilst the form in which the hull is made gives to it the strength of a tube , enabling it to be made of almost any length with perfect safety . If water obtains its wonted superiority as a mode of locomotion , the velocity of a steamship might as much exceed that of a railway carriage as the railway carriage now does the steamship . Unseen rocks
could not endanger a ship whose path was on the surface , sea sickness could not take place where there was no oscillation , and the size of the vessel would place her beyond the mercy of the wind and waves . In conclusion , Mr . Brown hopes that the numerous advantages to be adduced are a sufficient excuse for this at tempt " to acid another feather to our wing , " by projecting a ship worthy of the ocean she is to traverse , and the two worlds which she is to unite ; and that the scheme will receive the attention that it merits-, and which the importance of the subject with which it is identified has a right to demand . We shall give a diagram , and other particulars in an early number . — Mining Journal .
Electric Clock for Regent ' s-circus . —On Saturday , Mr . Clarke , the secretary of the Electric Telegraph Company , waited upon the Marylebone vestry to solicit permission to erect a small station and an electric clock of ornamental character at the Regent ' s-circus , Oxford-street , of a similar character to that in the Strand facing Hungerford-market The vestry appeared to view the application in a most favourable manner , and appointed a committee on the subject . Monster Submarine Teleghaph . —The practicability of successfully laying down a submarine insulated wire for the purpose of placing England , and in fact Europe , in telegraphic
communication with America , is a question of very grave and serious consideration ; and although we live in an age when the terms " difficulties" and "impossibilities" are well nigh expunged from our engineering vocabularies , there do exist impediments in crossing the Atlantic , a distance of 3 , 000 miles , certainly most formideble , if not of an entirely prohibitory character . The only points of . land or rock which could be made at all available for securing- the wires are the "Three Chimneys , " situated at about 30 deg . west longitude , - and " Jacket Island , " 40 deg ., from whence it would proceed to St . John ' s , in Newfoundland , longitude about 55 deg ., leaving long sea spaces of varying depths , encompassed with difficulties , the
means to escape from which it is hard to surmise . In some parts of the Atlantic , the plumb line has been let out to a depth of five miles without reaching soundings ; in other portions the depth of the sea valleys varies from half a mile to two miles and many of the more shallow spots consist of ridges of hard water-worn , sharp-pointed rocks , which , from the violent action ot the sea , would inevitably abrade and sever , in a very short period , any kind of metallic rope , however strongly manufactured , or externally protected . Vast masses of gigantic sea weeds , of unknown thickness , form the sea bed , extending over thousands of miles
some square , in which the rope , once embedded , whether fractured or not , no power that could be placed onboard a ship could ever again raise it . With such foots before us , it appears necessary , if telegraphic communication is to be accomplished between the two countries , to look about us and see if there does not exist a route in which we may find a , * 5 ° . ore terra firma > and unaccompanied by such startling difficulties . A plan has been suggested , and t \ i& route partially surveyed , by two young engineers , Messrs . Harrison Brothers which appears to solve'the problem ; and , in fact , nature has placed at our command land stations by which , we have no doubt , the highly desirable achievment may be successfully accomplished . They propose to start from the most northern point of the mam land of Scotland , proceed to the Orkney , bhetland , andlaroe Islands , from the most north-westerly of th to Icelandfrom
ese , cross ; Cape North , in Iceland , to the eastern coast ^ of Greenland ; thence across the peninsula to a point on Davis ' s Straits , near the Arctic Circle , crossing the fetraits to a point near Cape Walsingham . The next and last submarine line would be across Hudson ' s Straits into Upper Canada , the wires then traversing the land to Quebec , from whence it would command the whole extent of the great continent of America By this arrangement the whole of the submarine line would probably , not exceed 2 , 500 ; but , being in detached portions the longest of which , from the Foroe Islands to Iceland , would not much exceed 500 miles , the chances of practical success are greatly multiplied . In the whole of thP route ,, too the bed of the North Sea t singularly fa ^ ble t the project . At depths varying from 160 to 200 fathoms it consists of stony , sandy , and shingly bottoms , undulating in
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hills , and valleys , where , out of a course of any very e navigation , and in situations not generall y used for ai * j * the wires , would lie secure , performing their rapid \\] f ^ mysterious vocation in safety . The length of the line aU ( l would much exceed that by sea before reaching Quebec ?? no difficulties are involved in its construction , whether c ' * | as posts or laid beneath the surface of the ground , the o a i led ° sideration is the quantity of wire required , and , conse ° ¦ fn « flv ^ rt « nn J- / - \ nr \ w * nV ! cv + Ci -flio OAYfnOvimi TM ~ ~ - . . l"vllt | ir ij \ j / uuw wuuvjrtiuu j
""^ v * ajjou » o « -u * iijjx ^ K ^ , . uc prflCtlCimT * ' successful results of the submarine telegraph is nO \ v ^ l fact , exemplified in the working of the line between V ? and France ; and , if twenty-one miles can be accompli ^ i ^ see no reason why , with a favourable sea bed , and ind We advantageous circumstances , five hundred miles could ' ° tller successfully completed . The construction of such a li 11 Ot ^ ha . vp . Iipvp . dpsrvrilip . fi "wrvnirl . indfifid . invfliA a-mv ^ , ! _ . , " . ^ St ye have here described wouldindeedlay the work ^
, , ground- f . circling the earth with the means of instantaneous intell" ° ^' proceeding westerly through the Russo- American possess ^ ' come to Behring's Strains , crossing which , by a submarS ° V at the narrowest part , perhaps 250 miles near Prince ofW 1 *?' Cape , we land on the coast of Russia in Asia , and c . * Siberia , establish an electric belt , surrounding the giob' ° ? - ^ which communications could with facility be made witl ' Asi
principal place m Europe , a , ana Atnca ; and from ti United States , by the Isthmus of Panama , the same ™ . i would follow with South America . We think enoun-l l been said to show the practicability of the project and S understand the Danish government are favourable to the scl ? ^ and are willing to render every assistance as far as the ro ?? crosses their territories , we have no doubt there is suffip enterprise and scientific perseverenpe abroad to carry out t ? plan to a successful issue , —Mining Journal .
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" THE THEATRES . SADLER'S WELLS . On Friday and Saturday last week there was revived at tl ' theatre Lillo ' s tragedy of Arden of Feversham . The nlav " very old , and although called , by courtesy , Lillo ' s , that iav wright has but little claim to its authorship , since it was hi put in a new dress by him . The picture of fearful crime that it presents , although the moral is good , produces a painful sen sation , and we were not surprised , therefore , that the applause on the fall of the curtain , was by no means unanimous The
plot of the piece is this : Alicia ( Mrs . Ternan ) has been married by her parents to the wealthy Arden of Feversham ( Mr Marston ) whom she does not love , her affections having previ ously been set upon Mushy ( Mr . -Sennet ) . Arden h a prey to jealousy , and his suspicions are aroused by seeing his wife alone with Mosley . He challenges Mosley to combat , but Mosh , whose cowardice is proof against every indignity , refuses A plot is then formed by Mosky and Alicia to murder Arden ' ' but
the courage of Alicia , who had undertaken to stab her husband while he slept , forsakes her at the last moment , and repentance ensuing , she becomes reconciled and attached to her luisb ' md and happy in his love . While this reconciliation is taking place , Mosley has agreed with Green ( Mr . Melon ) , another enemy of Arden , to employ Black Will ( Mr . Barrett ) and bhaleebag ( Mr . Harris ) , two cut-throats , to assassinate Arden The latter
is several times saved from impending death bv some fortunate circumstance . At length Mosley gets the two cutthroats to quarrel with and attack Arden in the street . Moshi rushes in and rescues Arden . He thus gains the confidence of the unsuspecting Arden , who invites him to sup with him Mosley consents , and with the aidof Michael ( Mr . BelfordUneof ^ rdew ' s servants , > hom he had tempted with the hope of obtaining Maria ( Miss Mandelbert ) , Moaley ' s sister , he introduces the
mumerers into the house of Arden , who is presently set upon by them and murdered . The body is hid behind the abbey , but shortly after discovered . The assassins are arrested , L Clare that they committed the crime at the instigation of Moshi and Green , and the participators in , and confidants of , the crime are marched off to execution . In the comic drama of loung Husbands , the social vices and absurdities of the sickly civilization of our day are lashed with an unsparing hand , lins piece has had a long run , and is well worthy the success it has achieved .
OLYMPIC . m drama , entitled Uncle Tom's Cabin , founded on Mrs . Hatnet Leecner Stowe ' s novel of the same name , was produced at the Olympic last week , but too late to give us an opportunity oi witnessing it before the issue of our last number . To detail the plot oi Uncle Tom ' s Cabin would be writing only for those who have not read the soul-stirring work of Mrs . Stowe-and who have read it not ?—for , although considerable liberties have been taken with the narrative in order to render it fit for
dramatiC < representation , it is not dissinmlar enough to warrant our giving the plot . The piece is well put toother , and well acted . Mrs . Walter Lacy ably represented Mm : George Harris was ; we 1 personated by Mr . W . Farren , junr . ; and as maeij , the Yankee slave speculator , Mr . Hoskins was excellent , ihe piece was received with great applause by a house crowded to overflowing . Uncle Torts Cahmf was followed by m ^ t ? ( ? ? > ? lled the Swiss Gottage , which brought out Miss Harriet Gordon as Lisette Gierstein . Phillips' comedy of the Master Passion , which we have previously noticed , followed , and the Waterman concluded the evening ' s entertainments .
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Alexander hniith has published a new poem , entitled " A Life Drama , ' m the Critic , These are the opening lines of it :-J he lark is singing in the blinding sky , Hedges are white with may . The bridegroom sea Is toying with the shore , his wedded bride , Andm the fulness of his marriage joy , He decorates her tawny brow with shells , Retires a space to see how fair she looks , m _ lhen P ^ ud , runs up to kiss her . " k '
t ? i ? l . V ' -Sr Edward Cokeis wrong . Not King Jonn , nut Kicnard Coeur de Lion , was the first of our nionaicns who adopted this imperial style .-JVofes and Queries . A militia-man being told by a phrenologist that he had the organ of localit y very large , innocently replied , "Very likely—I was five years in the ' local militia . '" I he Virtuous Poor . "—Dr . R maintained that poverty was a virtue . "That , " replied Mr ; Canning , "is literally making a virtue of necessity . ' '
An Irish lad , havin g been asked if the man who had j vi \ flogged- him was his . own father , replied , " Yes , sure enough he s the parent iv me ; but he treats raias if I was his son I ) y another father and mother !"
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m THE STAR OF FREEDOM , Qw > BTO 2 fl 862 111 " '| " ll !¦! ~ ' " " '" ' ... — ' '"^__
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 2, 1852, page 14, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1698/page/14/
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